Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 69 views

    Rankine - Regenerative Cycle - Good

    Uploaded by

    Safaa Hameed Al Nasery
    1) The regenerative Rankine cycle aims to reduce exergy destruction during heat addition by preheating feedwater using intercepted steam from the turbine. 2) This is done using feedwater heaters, which can be open (direct mixing) or closed (no mixing but tubes separating steam and water). 3) Modern plants use a combination of open and closed feedwater heaters, with the optimal number being determined by economic considerations. Steam is extracted such that each heater raises the feedwater temperature halfway between boiler and condenser temperatures.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Rankine - Regenerative Cycle - Good

    Uploaded by

    Safaa Hameed Al Nasery
    69 views4 pages
    1) The regenerative Rankine cycle aims to reduce exergy destruction during heat addition by preheating feedwater using intercepted steam from the turbine. 2) This is done using feedwater heaters, which can be open (direct mixing) or closed (no mixing but tubes separating steam and water). 3) Modern plants use a combination of open and closed feedwater heaters, with the optimal number being determined by economic considerations. Steam is extracted such that each heater raises the feedwater temperature halfway between boiler and condenser temperatures.

    Original Title

    Rankine_regenerative cycle--good.doc

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    1) The regenerative Rankine cycle aims to reduce exergy destruction during heat addition by preheating feedwater using intercepted steam from the turbine. 2) This is done using feedwater heaters, which can be open (direct mixing) or closed (no mixing but tubes separating steam and water). 3) Modern plants use a combination of open and closed feedwater heaters, with the optimal number being determined by economic considerations. Steam is extracted such that each heater raises the feedwater temperature halfway between boiler and condenser temperatures.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    69 views4 pages

    Rankine - Regenerative Cycle - Good

    Uploaded by

    Safaa Hameed Al Nasery
    1) The regenerative Rankine cycle aims to reduce exergy destruction during heat addition by preheating feedwater using intercepted steam from the turbine. 2) This is done using feedwater heaters, which can be open (direct mixing) or closed (no mixing but tubes separating steam and water). 3) Modern plants use a combination of open and closed feedwater heaters, with the optimal number being determined by economic considerations. Steam is extracted such that each heater raises the feedwater temperature halfway between boiler and condenser temperatures.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 4

    MECH 351 Lyes KADEM [Thermodynamics II] 2007

    The idea re!enera"i#e $an%ine cyce


    The analysis of the Rankine cycle using the second law showed that the largest exergy
    destruction (major irreversibilities) occurs during the heat-addition process. Therefore any attempt
    to reduce the exergy destruction should start with this process.
    hen we analy!e the Rankine cycle ("igure.#) we can notice that$
    % considerable percentage of the total energy input is used to heat the high pressure water from
    T# to its saturation (point a).
    "igure.#. Rankine cycle.
    To reduce this energy& the water could be preheated before it enters the boiler by intercepting
    some of the stream as it expands in the turbine and mixing it with the water as it exits the first
    pump. This will results in$
    - % reduction in the energy loss within the condenser& since we condense less stream (only
    the stream that continues expansion from ' to ().
    - %n increase in the average temperature at which the heat is supplied )* and
    therefore .
    This configuration of the Rankine cycle is called$ $e!enera"i#e $an%ine cyce
    &a'or and com(ined 'o)er cyces
    3
    "igure.+. Regenerative Rankine cycle.
    MECH 351 Lyes KADEM [Thermodynamics II] 2007
    The heat transfer between the intercepted stream and the high-pressure water (called feedwater)
    occurs in what we call$ feedwater heaters ("*).
    % feedwater is basically a heat exchanger where heat is transferred from the high temperature
    stream to low temperature feedwater.
    This can be performed by$
    - % direct mixing (open feedwater heater).
    - ithout mixing (closed feedwater heater).
    Rm,$ sometimes& the feedwater heater is called a regenerator. The mass flow between ('-() is
    different from the mass flow from ('-+)
    *+TE, The mass flow rate varies in the regenerative Rankine cycle.
    - +'en .eed)a"er hea"er /direc" con"ac"0
    "igure -. .pen feedwater heater.
    Ad#an"a!es Disad#an"a!es
    - /imple - "or each heater& we need a pump
    - 0nexpensive
    - *ave good heat transfer characteristics
    - 1ring feedwater into saturated state
    2roblem$ the cold water and the turbine stream must be at the same pressure.
    - Cosed .eed)a"er hea"er / no mi1in!0
    The two streams now can be at different pressures since they do not mix. The water passes
    through in the tubes and steam surrounds the tubes. The steam is condensated and pumped by a
    condensate pump into the main feedwater line or it passes through a trap (a device that permits
    only li,uids to pass through).
    Ad#an"a!es Disad#an"a!es
    - e don3t need a pump for each heater& since
    the pressure is different
    - 4ore complex (internal tubing network)
    - 4ore expensive
    - 5ess heat transfer performance& since the two
    fluids are not in contact.
    &a'or and com(ined 'o)er cyces
    2
    Cod )a"er in
    T3r(ine s"ream
    4a"3ra"ed i53id o3"
    MECH 351 Lyes KADEM [Thermodynamics II] 2007
    "igure 6. 7losed feedwater heater.
    "igure '. % feedwater heater.
    "igure (. % steam trap system.
    &a'or and com(ined 'o)er cyces
    5
    MECH 351 Lyes KADEM [Thermodynamics II] 2007
    Rm,$ usually modern steam power plants use a combination of open and closed feedwater
    heaters.

    - +'"ima n3m(er o. .eed)a"er hea"ers
    %ll modern steam power plants use feedwater heaters (8 feedwater heaters). The optimum
    number of feedwater heaters is determined from economical considerations$
    9ou add a feedwater heater only if it saves more fuel than its own cost (: maintenance).
    ith a large number of heaters& it is possible to approach the 7arnot efficiency but at an
    unjustifiably high cost.
    - A" )hich 'ress3re6 "he s"eam m3s" (e e1"rac"ed .rom "he "3r(ine7
    The pressure at which the steam should be extracted from the turbine must be in such a way that
    for one heater& the steam should be extracted at the point that allows the existing feedwater
    heater temperature to be midway between the saturated steam temperature in the boiler and the
    condenser temperature. "or several heaters& the temperature difference should be divided as
    e,ually as possible.
    Rm,$ The regeneration cycle increases the thermal efficiency& but it is affected by the moisture at
    the outlet of the turbine& therefore& it is not uncommon to combine a reheat cycle and a
    regeneration cycle.
    &a'or and com(ined 'o)er cyces
    8
    ;xample
    7onsider a regenerative cycle using steamas the working fluid. /team leaves the boiler and enters
    the turbine at - 42a and -<<=7. %fter expansion to -<< k2a& some of the steam is extracted from the
    turbine for the purpose of heating the feedwater in an open feedwater heater. The pressure in the
    feedwater heater is -<< k2a and the water leaving it is saturated li,uid at -<< k2a. The steam not
    extracted expands to >< k2a.
    ?etermine the cycle efficiency

    You might also like