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    Finding Optimal Values of Quadratic Relations

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    himynameisyolo
    The document discusses finding the optimal (maximum/minimum) values of quadratic functions. It provides three methods: 1) Using the vertex form y = a(x - h)2 + k, where the vertex (h, k) gives the optimal value. 2) Converting other forms like factored form to vertex form using completing the square. 3) Partial factoring to find the vertex by setting y equal to the constant term and finding where the factored expression is 0.

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    Finding Optimal Values of Quadratic Relations

    Uploaded by

    himynameisyolo
    740 views4 pages
    The document discusses finding the optimal (maximum/minimum) values of quadratic functions. It provides three methods: 1) Using the vertex form y = a(x - h)2 + k, where the vertex (h, k) gives the optimal value. 2) Converting other forms like factored form to vertex form using completing the square. 3) Partial factoring to find the vertex by setting y equal to the constant term and finding where the factored expression is 0.

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    Quadratic Equations

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    The document discusses finding the optimal (maximum/minimum) values of quadratic functions. It provides three methods: 1) Using the vertex form y = a(x - h)2 + k, where the vertex (h, k) gives the optimal value. 2) Converting other forms like factored form to vertex form using completing the square. 3) Partial factoring to find the vertex by setting y equal to the constant term and finding where the factored expression is 0.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    740 views4 pages

    Finding Optimal Values of Quadratic Relations

    Uploaded by

    himynameisyolo
    The document discusses finding the optimal (maximum/minimum) values of quadratic functions. It provides three methods: 1) Using the vertex form y = a(x - h)2 + k, where the vertex (h, k) gives the optimal value. 2) Converting other forms like factored form to vertex form using completing the square. 3) Partial factoring to find the vertex by setting y equal to the constant term and finding where the factored expression is 0.

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    Finding Optimal (Max/Min) Values of a Quadratic Relation

    Standard Form
    y = ax2 + bx + c c = y-intercept
    Factored Form
    y = a(x s)(x t) roots/zeroes
    Vertex Form
    y = a(x h)2 + k
    vertex at (-h, k)
    Remember, the optimal value (maximum/minimum) is the vertex.
    y = a(x h)2 + k
    vertex = (h, k)
    - if a > 0, there is a minimum value of k at h
    - if a < 0, there is a maximum value of k at h
    The y value of the vertex is the optimal value, and the x value of the vertex is when the optimal value
    occurs.
    If you have the factored form, you can find the optimal value by finding the midpoint between the
    roots/zeroes/x-intercepts
    1. Finding Vertex using Factored Form y = a(x-r)(x-s)
    Eg. y = (x s)(x t)
    Zeroes at x = s and x = t
    (s, 0) (t, 0)

    s t
    2

    Eg.

    7 7
    y 4 3
    2 2
    7 8 7 6

    2 2 2 2
    1 1

    2 2
    1

    4
    7 1
    ,
    2 4

    y (x 4)(x 3)
    0 (x 4)(x 3)
    x 4, x 3
    43
    x
    2
    7
    x
    2
    7
    sub. x into y x 4 x 3
    2

    Since the a value is positive the relation has a minimum value of

    1
    4

    2. Convert to Vertex Form by Completing the Square


    It is much easier to graph a parabola and determine its optimal value if it is in vertex form.
    To do this:
    1) put brackets around the terms containing x
    2) factor the coefficient of x2 from the first two terms
    3) complete the square inside the bracket
    b 2
    (make it a perfect square trinomial by adding & subtracting )
    2
    2

    b
    4) write the trinomial as a binomial squared x

    2
    5) remove the square brackets

    *make sure to multiply the number inside by the coefficient outside


    eg. 1)

    x 4x 8
    2

    x 2 4 x 8

    4 2 4 2
    x 2 4 x 8
    2
    2

    x 2 4 x 4 4 8

    Vertex (2,-12) Minimum value is -12

    4 x 4 4 8

    x 2

    4 8

    x 2 4 8
    2

    x 2 12
    2

    2)

    3x 2 24 x 17

    3x 2 24 x 17
    3x 2 8x 17

    2
    2

    8
    8
    3 x 2 8 x 17
    2
    2

    3x 2 8x 16 16 17

    3 x 2 8 x 16)16 17

    3 x 4 16 17
    2

    3x 4 16(3) 17
    2

    3x 4 48 17
    2

    3x 4 31
    2

    3)

    Vertex (4,-12) Minimum value is -31

    0.2 x 2 1.6x 6.4

    0.2x 2 1.6 x 6.4


    0.2x 2 8 x 6.4

    8 2 8 2
    0.2 x 2 8 x 6.4
    2
    2

    0.2x 2 8 x 16 16 6.4

    0.2 x 2 8x 1616 6.4

    0.2 x 4 16 6.4
    2

    Vertex (-4,9.6) Maximum value is 9.6

    0.2x 4 16(0.2) 6.4


    2

    0.2x 4 3.2 6.4


    2

    0.2x 4 9.6
    2

    4)

    5x 2 3x

    5x 2 3x

    3
    5 x 2 x

    2 2

    3
    3
    3
    5 x 2 x
    5
    5
    5

    2
    2

    3
    9
    9
    5 x 2 x

    5
    100 100

    3
    9
    9
    5 x 2 x

    5
    100 100

    3
    9
    9
    5 x 2 x
    (5)

    5
    100 100
    2

    3
    9
    5 x

    10
    20

    9
    3
    ,

    10 20

    Vertex

    3. Find the vertex by Partial Factoring


    Partial factoring is another method for finding the optimal point of a parabola. It involves finding two
    points on the parabola that have the same y-coordinate. Since parabolas are symmetrical, the vertex will
    be the midpoint between those two points.
    1) set y equal to the constant term. Isolate the terms with x.
    2) factor whatever is left (common factoring)
    3) find where x = 0 (note that these are not the roots since y does not equal 0 here)
    4) find the midpoint between those two x-values

    5) substitute the x-value into the original equation to find the y-value
    eg.
    y x 2 2 x 35
    35 x 2 2 x 35
    0 x2 2x
    0 x( x 2 )
    x 0, x 2
    0 ( 2) 2

    1
    2
    2
    sub. 1int oy x 2 2 x 35
    y ( 1) 2 2( 1) 35
    1 2 35
    36
    vertex ( 1,36)

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