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E3-E4 CFA CORE SUBJECT

1. PRSA is a step planned in the direction of improving PCO Business. [True]
2. PRSA stands for PCO Relationship Serving Agency.
3. TCP stands for Transmission Control Protocol.
4. UDP stands for User Datagram Protocol.
5. ICMP stands for Internet Control Message Protocol.
6. IGMP stands for Internet Group Management Protocol.
7. IP address version 4 is 32 bits long.
8. 255.0.0.0 is the default subnet mask of Class A address.
9. 255.255.0.0 is the default subnet mask of Class B Address.
10. 255.255.255.0 is the default subnet mask of Class C Address.
11. The address size of IPV6 is 128 bits or 16 octets.
12. What is the class of each of the following addresses?

13.

a)

10011101

10001111

11111100

11001111 Class B

b)

11011101

10001111

11111100

11001111 Class C

c)

01111011

10001111

11111100

11001111 Class A

d)

11101011

10001111

11111100

11001111 Class D

e)

11110101

10001111

11111100

11001111 Class E

Find the class of each addresses.

a. 4.23.145.90

Class A

b. 227.34.78.7

Class D

c. 246.7.3.8

Class E

d. 29.6.8.4

Class A

e. 198.76.9.23

Class C

14. In routing what does the term SHORTEST mean?

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The term Shortest mean the combination of many factors including shortest, cheapest ,
fastest most reliable and so on.
15. What are the fields present in IP address?
Netid and Hostid.
Netid portion of the ip address that identifies the network.
Hostid portion of the ip address that identifies the host or router on the networks.
16. The four layers of TCP/IP are:a) Application Layer
b) Transport Layer
c) Internet Layer
d) Network Interface Layer
e) All the above
Correct answer is e) all the above.
17. The core protocols of the Transport Layer are TCP and UDP.
18. TCP provides a one to one, connection oriented and reliable communication service.
19. UDP provides a one to many, connectionless and unreliable communication service.
20. The most widely used application layer protocols are:a) HTTP
b) FTP
c) SMTP
d) Telnet
e) All the above
Correct answer is e) all the above.
21.DNS stands for Domain Name System.

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22. DNS is used to resolve a host name to an IP address.

23. Checksum is a simple mathematical computation used to verify the integrity of the IP
header.
24. MAC stands for Media Access Control.
25. A TCP connection is established through a three way handshake.
26. Domain Name Servers convert a DNS address into an IP address.
27. Each Machine (Host) in the internet is identified by a 32 bit IP address.
28. Identify the class of the given IP address.
4.5.6.7
Answer Class A
29.Identify the class of the given IP address.
229.1.2.3
Answer Class D
30. Identify the class of the given IP address.
191.1.2.3
Answer Class C
31. Identify the following IP address 169.5.0.0
a) Host IP address
b) Direct Broadcast address
c) Limited Broadcast address
d) Network address
Correct answer is d) Network address
32. Identify the following IP address 169.5.1.1
a) Host IP address

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b) Direct Broadcast address

c) Limited Broadcast address
d) Network address
Correct answer is a) Host IP address
33. Identify the following IP address 169.5.255.255
a) Host IP address
b) Direct Broadcast address
c) Limited Broadcast address
d) Network address
Correct answer is b) Direct Broadcast address
34. A device has two IP addresses. The device could be
A) A computer
B) A router
c) A gateway
d) Any of the above
Correct answer is d)
35. A host with an IP address of 142.5.0.1 needs to test internal software. What is the
destination address in the packet?
a) 127.0.0.0
b) 127.1.1.1
c) 127.127.127.127
d) Any of the above
Answer d) Any of the above.
36. A packet sent from a node 198.123.46.20 to a node at 198.123.46.21 requires a ------------ destination address.

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A) Unicast
B) Multicast
C) Broadcast
D) a or b
A) Unicast address
37. An IP address specifies the location of a host or client in the internet.
38. An IP address is also known as Protocol address.
39. The IPV4 address is 32 bits long.
40. In IPV4, classes A, B and C are used to represent host and network addresses
whereas class D is used for Multicasting.
41. Class E is reserved for experimental purpose.
42. All 0s in the host id indicates the network itself.
43. All 1s in the host id indicates the broadcast address.

44.What is an IP address?
An IP address is a 32 - bit address that uniquely and universally define the connection of a
host or a router to the Internet.
The sender must know the IP address of the destination computer before sending a
packet.
45. What are the categories of IP addresses?
IP addresses were divided into five categories as follows.
Class A
Class B
Class C
Class D
Class E

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46. Discuss the class field in IP address.

If the address is given in binary notation, the first few bits can tell us the class of the
address.
Class A - 0
Class B - 10
Class C - 110
Class D - 1110
Class E 1111
47. What is the class of each of the following addresses?
a. 10011101

10001111

11111100

11001111 Class B

b. 11011101

10001111

11111100

11001111 Class C

c. 01111011

10001111

11111100

11001111 Class A

d. 11101011

10001111

11111100

11001111 Class D

e. 11110101

10001111

11111100

11001111 Class E

48. Find the class of each addresses.

a. 4.23.145.90 Class A
b. 227.34.78.7 Class D
c. 246.7.3.8 Class E
d. 29.6.8.4 Class A
e. 198.76.9.23 Class C
49. What are the fields present in IP address?
Netid and Hostid.
Netid portion of the ip address that identifies the network.
Hostid portion of the ip address that identifies the host or router on the networks.

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50. Identify the class and default subnet mask of the IP address 217.65.10.7
IP address 217.65.10.7
Belongs to class C address and
Default subnet mask is 255.255.255.0.
51. Discuss the class field in IP address.
If the address is given in binary notation, the first few bits can tell us the
class of the address.
Class A - 0
Class B - 10
Class C - 110
Class D - 1110
Class E - 1111
When the address is given in dotted decimal notation, then look at the first
byte to determine the class of the address..
Class A - 0 to 127
Class B 128 to 191
Class C 192 to 223
Class D 224 to 239
Class E 240 to 255
52. What is a hostid and netid?
Netid The portion of the IP address that identifies the network called the netid.
Hostid The portion of the IP address that identifies the host or router on the network
is called the hostid.
53. What is flow control?
How to keep a fast sender from swamping a slow receiver with data is called flow
control.
54. What is the time to live field in IP header?
Time to live field is counter used to limit packet lifetimes counts in second and default
value is 255 sec.

55. What is address resolution?

Address resolution is a process of obtaining the physical address of a computer based
on its IP address, in order to be able to finally actually transmit the frame or datagrams
over the network to which the node belongs.
56. What are the benefits of subnetting a network?
1. Reduced network traffic
2. Optimized network performance

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3.
4.
5.

Simplified network management

Facilities spanning large geographical distance.
All the above

Correct answer is 5.
57. What are the services provided by transport layer protocol?
a. End to End delivery
b. Addressing
c. Reliable delivery
d. Flow control
e. Multiplexing
58. Do TCP,UDP or both compute RTT?
TCP does; UDP does not
59. List the flag used in TCP header?
TCP header contains six flags.
They are URG, ACK, PSH, RST, SYN and FIN.
60. What is a port?
Applications running on different hosts communicate with TCP with the help of a
concept called as ports. A port is a 16 bit unique number allocated to a particular
application.
61. Explain how the TCP provides the reliability?
A number of mechanisms provide the reliability.
1. Checksum
2. Duplicate data detection
3. Retransmission
4. Sequencing
5. Timers
62. Give some examples of application where UDP is preferred over TCP.
1. In multicasting
2. Route update protocol in RIP
63. Which of these can be a valid MAC address:
a.
b.
c.
d.

10.10.0.1/16
192.168.2.3/16
23-A2-43-C3-43
C4-E4-44-A3-0A-03

64.Which of these is reserved for Private Networks?

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a) 10.0.0.0/8

b) 172.16.0.0/12

c) 192.168.0.0/16

d) all of these

65. Class D IP address is reserved for

a) Multicasting

b) Unicasting

c) Both

d) None

66. An IP address is
a) 32 bit binary address
b) implemented in software
c)Uniquely and globally defines a host or a router in the internet
66.

Each internet address consists of 4 bytes ( 32 bits) defining two parts namely
netid and host id.

67. In classes A, B and C, if the host id is all 1s, the address is called a Direct
Broadcast Address.
68. Direct Broadcast Address is used by a router to send a packet to all hosts in a
network.
69. If an IP address is composed of all 0s, it means This Host on this Network.
70. A host address which does not know its IP address uses the IP address 0.0.0.0
as the source address and 255.255.255.255 as the destination address to send a
message to a Bootstrap server.
71. The IP address with the first byte equal to 127 is used for Loop Back address,
which is used to test the software on a machine.
72. Communication on the internet can be achieved by using:
a) Unicast Address
b) Multicast Address
c) Broadcast Address
d) Above all.
Correct answer is d)
73. When a packet is sent from an individual source to an individual destination, a
Unicast Communication takes place.

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74. When a packet is sent from an individual source to a group of destinations, a

Multicast Communication takes place.
75. IP is responsible for moving packet of data from node to node. [True]
76. TCP is responsible for:a) Data Concurrency
b) Packet sequencing
c) Delivery Guarantee
d) Error Control
e) Retransmission
f) All the above
Correct answer is f) all the above.
77.If the data package comes from the UDP protocol, it is called a datagram.
78. TCP provides
a) Connection oriented
b) Reliable Data delivery
c) Duplicate data suppression
d) Congestion control
e) Flow Control
f) All the above
Correct answer is f) all the above.
78. UDP provides
a) Connectionless
b)Unreliable
c) Best effort service
d) All the above

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Correct answer is d)
79. ICMP sends query and error reporting messages
80. ICMP is a mechanism used by hosts and gateways to send notification of
datagram problems back to the sender.
81.IGMP is used to facilitate the simultaneous transmission of a message to a group
of recipients.
82. Network interface layer is also called as the Link layer Data Link layer.
83. IP is defined in RFC 791. [True]
84. Current IP software version is 4. [True]
85.UDP is defined in RFC 768. [True]
86. UDP contains the fields
a) Source port
b) Destination port
c) Length
d) Checksum
e) All the above
Correct answer is e) all the above.
87. Broadband deployment is catered through Project 2.2 of NIB using ADSL
Technology.
88. SSSS stands for Subscriber Service Selection System Portal.
89. Bandwidth on demand facility enables a customer with 256 Kbps to 1 Mbps during
the video conferencing session. [True]
90. BBRAS stands for Broad Band Remote Access Server.
91. DSLAM stands for Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer.
92. DSL stands for Digital Subscriber Loop.
93. ADSL stands for Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line.

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94.DSL Access Multiplexer has an inbuilt splitter which splits voice and data.
95. For DSLAMs with 480 ports and above, data is uplinked using Gigabit Ethernet.
96. A Broadband Remote Access Server
a) Terminates the customer session
b) Authenticates
c) Allots IP address
d) Keeps track of user session for billing
e) All the above
Correct answer is e) all the above
97. SSSS provides on demand service without manual intervention. [True]
98. The maximum distance between DSLAM and LAN switch shall not exceed 10 Km.
99. All DSLAMs will be aggregated through a Fast Ethernet Interface except 480 Port
DSLAM which will be aggregated through Gigabit Ethernet Interface.
100. 240 Port DSLAM will have two nos of FE interface.
101. The main NOC of Broadband network is at Bangalore.
102. RPR stands for Resilient Packet Ring.

103. In Synchronous Network, all the clocks are traceable to one PRC, derived from a
cesium atomic clock.
104. STM 1 frame contains 9 rows and 270 columns.
105. The bit rate of STM 1 frame is 155.52 Mbps.
106. The best advantage of ring topology is strong survivability.
107. In case of 1 + 1 protection scheme,
a) Each line is protected by one protection line.
b) The same signal is transmitted on both the lines.
c) During failure, network elements switch the connection over to the Protection line
at the receiving end.

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d) All the above.

Correct answer is d) all the above.
108. In case of 1:1 Protection scheme, the protection path can only be used if a
switch over if a switchover takes place both at the transmitting and receiving
ends. [True].
109. In case of 1:N protection scheme, N channels are protected by one protection
channel. [True]
110. SNCP stands for Subscriber Network Connection Protection.
111. Two types of Self Healing rings are Uni directional and Bi directional self healing
rings.
112. In BSNL only, two fiber ring mechanism is used.
113. Dial up model offers a speed of 56 Kbps only.
114. PON stands for Passive Optical Network.
115. OLT stands for Optical Line Terminal.
116. A PON consists of the
a) Optical Line Terminal (OLT)
b) Optical Network Unit (ONU)
c) Passive Optical Splitter (POS)
d) a to c
Correct answer is d)
117. A PON is a single, shared optical fibre that uses inexpensive optical splitters to
divide the single fibre into separate strands, feeding bandwidth to individual
subscribers.
118. The various PON standards are:
a) ATM PON
b) Ethernet PON
c) Gigabit PON
d) Gigabit Ethernet PON
e) All the above

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Correct answer is e)
119. In GPON, transmission over optical fibres reaches the maximum distance of 20
Kms
120. In GPON the upstream and downstream rates available for a subscriber are 1.25
Gbps and 2.5 Gbps respectively.
121. GPON stands for Gigabit Capable Passive Optical Network.
122. The GPON uses WDM technology to implement the bi-directional transmission
over a single fibre.
123. In GPON the downstream data streams use the broadcast multiplexing
technology at 1490 nm.
124. In GPON, the upstream data streams use the TDMA technology at 1310 nm.
125. The length of any downstream GPON frame is fixed to 125 Micro seconds.
126. The Optical Line Terminal (OLT) resides in the CO (Local Exchange).
127.The OLT system would typically be an Ethernet Switch or media converter
platform.
128. The ONU resides at or near the customer premises.
129. Multi Point Control Protocol (MPCP) performs
a) bandwidth assignment
b) bandwidth polling
c) auto discovery
d) ranging
e) All the above
Correct answer is e) all the above.
130. In EPON, GATE and REPORT are used to assign and request bandwidth.
131. ISDN BRA provides for 2 Bearer channels and 1 Data channel (2B+D).
132. For efficient and fast signaling, all the NT switches use CCS 7 Signalling.
133. Two types of Line and Trunk testing are Routine Testing and Demand Testing.
134. The registers to be maintained in Exchange are:-

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a) PCM Register
b)Faults Record Log Book
c) AC Register
d) Subscriber Record Register
e) Data Operation
f) Spares
g) Faulty PCB
h) all the above
Correct answer is h)
135. DLU stands for Digital Line Unit.
136. LTG stands for Line/Trunk Group.
137. OMT stands for Operation and Maintenance Terminal.
138. Convergent Billing System will enable BSNL to issue a single bill for a customer
taking any type of service from BSNL.
139. E-stapling software has been installed at Hyderabad.
140. E-Stapling software will take care of Corporate customers having all India presence.
141. After CDR project, BSNL will not be offering any OYT or Tatkal deposits/schemes.
142. PDF stands for Portable Document Format.
143. PDF documents meet legal document requirements. [True]
144. File compression
a) compresses data
b) saves time
c) saves disk space
d) makes downloading software/email faster
e) all the above
Correct answer is e)
145. WINZIP and WINRAR utilities are used for file compression.

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146. Windows Update is important to protect the system from different forms of intrusion.
[True]
147. Disk Clean Up utility helps free up disk space on computers hard drive.
148. SSTP stands for Standalone Signal Transfer Point.
149. STP stands for Signalling Transfer Point.
150. SSTP can handle the non call related messages efficiently.
151. NGN will be purely based upon Packet Switching Network.
152. The Soft Switch in NGN performs
a) Call control
b) signaling
c) interworking
d) traffic measurement
e) recording
f) all the above
Correct answer is f)
153. Trunk Media Gateway performs
a) Voice encoding and compression
b) packetisation of voice channels
c) a and b
Correct answer is c)
154. In NGN, Line access gateway provides the interface to a single subscriber line which
is a two wire interface.
155. The basic elements of IP Tax are Soft Switch, Signalling Gateway and Trunk Media
Gateway.
156. Soft switch provides addressing, analysis, routing and charge facilities. [True]
157.Trunk Gateway performs
a) Voice encoding and compression
b) Packetization of voice channels

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c)Echo cancellation
d) all the above
Answer d)
158. FCAPS stands for Fault, Configuration, Accounting, Performance and
Security.
159. ISDN supports data transmission at 64 Kbps with ISDN controller card.
160. Two types of accesses in ISDN are Basic Rate Access and Primary Rate
Access.
161. Basic Rate Access supports 2 Nos of bearer channels of 64 Kbps each for
speech and data.
162. Basic Rate Access deploys one channel of 16 Kbps for signaling.
163. Primary Rate Access supports 30 nos of bearer channels of 64 kbps each for
speech and data.
164. The speed of signaling channel in Primary Rate Access is 64 Kbps.
165. Sancharnet is an internet service. [True]
166. The access code for accessing the internet in sancharnet scheme is 172233.
167. FLPP stands for Fixed Line Pre Paid service.
168. Audio conferencing service is available to existing BSNL subscribers only.
[True]