Maths Vocabulary

Vocabulary checklist
Year 7
This list contains the key words used in the Year 7 teaching programme and
supplement of examples. Some words will be familiar to pupils in Year 7 from earlier
work. For definitions of the words you will need to refer to a mathematical dictionary or
to the National Curriculum glossary on the QCA website at www.qca.org.uk.
Applying mathematics
and solving problems
answer
evidence
explain
explore
investigate
method
problem
reason, reasons
results
solution (of a problem)
solve
true, false
Numbers and the

number system
Integers, powers and roots

classify
common factor
consecutive
divisible, divisibility
divisor
factor
factorise
highest common factor (HCF)
integer
lowest common multiple (LCM)
multiple
negative (e.g. 6)
plus, minus
positive (e.g. +6)
prime
prime factor
property
sign
Place value, ordering and

rounding
square number, squared

square root
approximate, approximately
approximately equal to ()
triangular number
between
compare
Fractions, decimals,
percentages, ratio and
proportion
decimal number
decimal place
cancel, cancellation
convert
digit
equals (=)
decimal fraction
equivalent, equivalence
greater than (>), less than (<)

greatest value, least value
fraction
lowest terms
most/least significant digit

nearest
mixed number
numerator, denominator
order
place value
percentage (%)
proper/improper fraction
round
tenth, hundredth, thousandth
proportion
ratio, including notation 3 : 2
to one decimal place (to 1 d.p.)

value
simplest form
zero place holder
Crown copyright 2001
Calculations
Algebra
add, addition
Equations, formulae and

identities
amount
brackets
calculate, calculation
calculator: clear, display, enter,
key, memory,
change (money)
commutative
complements (in 10, 100)
currency
difference
discount
divide, division
double, halve
estimate
exact, exactly
exchange rate
factor
increase, decrease
inverse
multiply, multiplication
nearly
operation
order of operations
partition
product
quotient
remainder
rough, roughly
sale price
sign
subtract, subtraction
sum
total
algebra
brackets
commutative
equals (=)
equation
expression
evaluate
prove
simplify, simplest form
solution (of an equation)
solve (an equation)
squared
substitute
symbol
term
therefore ()
unknown
value
variable
verify
Sequences, functions and
graphs
axis, axes
consecutive
continue
coordinate pair
coordinate point
coordinates
equation (of a graph)
finite, infinite
function
function machine
generate
graph
increase, decrease
input, output
mapping
n th term
origin
predict
relationship, rule
sequence
straight-line graph
term
x-axis, y-axis
x-coordinate, y-coordinate
Shape, space and

measures
Transformations
Geometrical reasoning: lines,

angles and shapes
congruent
line of symmetry
adjacent (side)
angle: acute, obtuse, right, reflex
angles at a point
angles on a straight line
base (of plane shape or solid)
base angles
centre
circle
concave, convex
degree ()
diagonal
diagram
edge (of solid)
equal (sides, angles)
axis of symmetry
centre of rotation
line symmetry
mirror line
object, image
order of rotation symmetry
reflect, reflection
reflection symmetry
rotate, rotation
rotation symmetry
symmetrical
transformation
translate, translation
Coordinates
axis, axes
face
horizonal, vertical
coordinates
direction
identical (shapes)
intersect, intersection
grid
intersecting, intersection
line, line segment

opposite (sides, angles)
origin
position
parallel
perpendicular
quadrant
row, column
plane
point
x-axis, y-axis
x-coordinate, y-coordinate
polygon: pentagon, hexagon,

octagon
Construction and loci
quadrilateral: arrowhead, delta,

kite, parallelogram, rectangle,
rhombus, square, trapezium
regular, irregular
construct
draw
measure
net
shape
side (of 2-D shape)
perpendicular
protractor (angle measurer)
solid (3-D) shape: cube, cuboid,

cylinder, hemisphere, prism,
pyramid, square-based pyramid,
sphere, tetrahedron
ruler
set square
sketch
three-dimensional (3-D)
triangle: equilateral, isosceles,
scalene, right-angled
two-dimensional (2-D)
vertex, vertices
vertically opposite angles
Measures and mensuration

area: square millimetre, square
centimetre, square metre,
square kilometre
capacity: millilitre, centilitre, litre;
pint, gallon
length: millimetre, centimetre,
metre, kilometre; mile
Handling data
average
bar chart
bar-line graph
class interval
data, grouped data
data collection sheet
mass: gram, kilogram; ounce,

pound
time: second, minute, hour, day,
week, month, year, decade,
century, millennium
temperature: degrees Celsius,
degrees Fahrenheit
database
experiment
depth
distance
interval
label
height, high
perimeter
mean
median
surface, surface area

width
mode, modal class/group

pie chart
frequency
frequency chart
frequency diagram
interpret
questionnaire
range
represent
statistic, statistics
survey
table
tally
title
Probability
certain, uncertain
chance, no chance, good chance,
poor chance, fifty-fifty chance,
even chance
dice
doubt
equally likely
fair, unfair
likelihood
likely, unlikely
outcome
possible, impossible
probability
probability scale
probable
random
risk
spin, spinner
Year 8
This list contains the new key words introduced in the Year 8 teaching programme and
supplement of examples. Words from earlier years are also used. For definitions, refer
to a mathematical dictionary or to QCAs glossary at www.qca.org.uk.
Calculations
conclude, conclusion
counter-example
best estimate
degree of accuracy
deduce
exceptional case
distributive
interest
justify
prove, proof
profit, loss
service charge
associative
sign change key

tax
Numbers and the

number system
value added tax (VAT)

rounding
Algebra
ascending, descending
billion

identities
index
power
algebraic expression

cube, cube number
cube root (e.g. 38)
cubed (e.g. 23)
prime factor decomposition
collect like terms

formula, formulae
linear equation
linear expression
multiply out (expressions)
prove, proof
to the power of n (e.g. 64)
transform
verify
proportion

graphs
direct proportion
arithmetic sequence
difference pattern
recurring decimal
terminating decimal
unit fraction
unitary method
flow chart
general term
gradient
intercept
linear function
linear relationship
linear sequence
notation T(n)
slope
steepness
Shape, space and

measures
Handling data
Geometrical reasoning:
lines, angles and shapes
data log
discrete
alternate angles
bisect, bisector
distancetime graph
distribution
complementary angles
congruent, congruence
interrogate
line graph
corresponding angles
elevation
population pyramid
primary source
equidistant
exterior angle
sample
scatter graph
heptagon
interior angle
secondary source
stem-and-leaf diagram
isometric
mid-point
two-way table
plan view
prove, proof
biased
supplementary angles
tessellate, tessellation
triangular prism
view
Transformations
continuous
Probability
event
experimental probability
sample
sample space
theoretical probability
theory
centre of enlargement
enlarge, enlargement
map
plan
scale, scale factor
scale drawing
compasses
construction lines
locus, loci
perpendicular bisector
straight edge
Measures and mensuration
bearing, three-figure bearing
displacement
foot, yard
hectare
tonne
volume: cubic millimetre,
cubic centimetre, cubic metre
Year 9
This list contains the new key words introduced in the Year 9 teaching programme and
supplement of examples. Words from earlier years are also used. For definitions, refer
to a mathematical dictionary or to QCAs glossary at www.qca.org.uk.
generalise
trial and improvement
Numbers and the

number system
rounding
exponent
greater than or equal to ()
less than or equal to ()
significant figures
standard (index) form
upper bound, lower bound
index, indices
index law
index notation
proportion
proportional to ()
proportionality
Algebra
identities
and, or
common factor
cubic equation
cubic expression
expand the product (of two linear
expressions)
factorise
identically equal to ()
identity
index law
inequality
quadratic equation
quadratic expression
region
simultaneous equations
subject of the formula
take out common factors
graphs
cubic function
curve
first/second difference
identity function
inverse function
Calculations
inverse mapping
quadratic function
compound interest
constant
quadratic sequence
maximum/minimum point
cost price, selling price

reciprocal
maximum/minimum value
self-inverse
Shape, space and

measures
Handling data
Geometrical reasoning: lines,

angles and shapes
census
cumulative frequency
arc
centre (of circle)
estimate of the mean/median

interquartile range
chord
circumference
line of best fit

quartiles
convention
cross-section
raw data
representative (sample)
definition
derived property
Probability
diameter
hypotenuse
pi ()
plane
projection
Pythagoras theorem
similar, similarity
region
bias
exhaustive
independent
limit
mutually exclusive
notation: p(n) for probability of
event n
relative frequency
tree diagram
radius
region
section
sector
segment
similar, similarity
tangent (to a curve)
Transformations
axis of rotation symmetry
plane symmetry
plane of symmetry
circumcentre
circumcircle
circumscribed
inscribed
Measure and mensuration
adjacent, opposite, hypotenuse
angle of depression
angle of elevation
density
pressure
sine (sin), cosine (cos), tangent
(tan)
speed: miles per hour, metres per
second

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Vocabulary checklist

Numbers and the

Integers, powers and roots

Place value, ordering and

square number, squared

greater than (>), less than (<)

most/least significant digit

to one decimal place (to 1 d.p.)

zero place holder

Crown copyright 2001

Equations, formulae and

Crown copyright 2001

Shape, space and

Geometrical reasoning: lines,

line, line segment

polygon: pentagon, hexagon,

Construction and loci

quadrilateral: arrowhead, delta,

solid (3-D) shape: cube, cuboid,

Crown copyright 2001

Measures and mensuration

mass: gram, kilogram; ounce,

surface, surface area

mode, modal class/group

Crown copyright 2001

sign change key

Numbers and the

value added tax (VAT)

Place value, ordering and

Equations, formulae and

Integers, powers and roots

collect like terms

to the power of n (e.g. 64)

Sequences, functions and

Crown copyright 2001

Shape, space and

Crown copyright 2001

Numbers and the

cost price, selling price

Crown copyright 2001

Shape, space and

Geometrical reasoning: lines,

estimate of the mean/median

line of best fit

Crown copyright 2001

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