Zond geophysical software

Zond-MT 1D
User guide

Table of Contents:
Introduction_____________________________________________________________ 3
Registration _____________________________________________________________ 3
System requirements _____________________________________________________ 3
Installation of software____________________________________________________ 3
Value definitions _________________________________________________________ 4
Creation and opening of data file ___________________________________________ 4
Data file format __________________________________________________________ 4
Interpretation results saving _______________________________________________ 6
The operating procedure with the program___________________________________ 6
Main Menu _____________________________________________________________ 6
Main Menu toolbar_______________________________________________________ 7
Main Menu functions _____________________________________________________ 8
Hot keys ______________________________________________________________ 8
Program setup dialog _____________________________________________________ 9
Data inversion __________________________________________________________ 13
Objects ________________________________________________________________ 14
Model editor ___________________________________________________________ 14
Parameters table ________________________________________________________ 16
Section ________________________________________________________________ 18
Pseudosection __________________________________________________________ 19
Plot of profiling _________________________________________________________ 19
Calculated and observed curve plot ________________________________________ 20
Objects setup adjusting __________________________________________________ 22

Introduction
Zond-MT is designed to the one-dimensional interpretation of profile data
of magnetotelluric sounding. Convenient interface and wide opportunities of data
visualization allow deciding with maximal effect geological problems. Zond-MT
presents comfortable tool for forward modeling and inversion of MT data. This
product can be used for IBM PC compatible computer with OS Windows.

Registration

Click Registration file item of Main Menu for Zond-MT

registration.

When a dialog field appears, select file name.

This file is transmitted to license address and personal Alfa-numeric

ID code is fixed. Received ID-code is unique and it depends directly of
HDD-serial number.

Input password in Registration field.

Warning: Unregistrated version is to demonstrate only.

System requirements
Zond-MT would be installing on the PC with OS Windows. Minimal
requirements for PC: Celeron-700 MHz, 128 Mb memory, screen 1024x 768, color
mode 64K. (No change screen resolution is recommended when program is loaded)

Installation of software
Zond-MT is delivered as two 3.5 FDD or CD or internet. User Guide is
included too.

Run SETUP.EXE for installation.

Choose directory in Install Zond-MT as you would like.

Shortcut group Zond-MT appears when installation finished.

For removing Zond-MT use Master of installing/removing.

Choose Zond-MT item.

Press Add/Remove button.

Value definitions
Ro_a apparent resistivity. Phi - phase of impedance, in degree (must be
positive).
The period - value, inversely proportional to frequency on which measurement
is made, in seconds.
Pseudodepth is rough depth of observation, concerned with thickness of scin layer. All geometric program values are considered at kilometers.

Creation and opening of data file

For starting up Zond-MT create certain format data file, which contains
geometrical information and observed data of apparent resistivity and phase. Usually,
one profile corresponds to one file.
As an element of the data in the program "MT-1D" the curve of dependence
of apparent resistivity or a phase from the period is considered.
Text data files have *.MDF and *.MDP - extension. See Data file
format for detailed information.
For correct working, the data file cannot contain next elements:

the number of periods in curves less three.

incorrect symbols for record separator ( TAB and SPACE use only ).

absurd data values.

Desirably, total record number must be no more 5000 for one file.
Opening *.MDP - file you would mean the data of previous interpretation

model loads together with observed data.

Data file format

Software presents universal data format which consists of information about

coordinates and relative elevations of sounding points.
The file of the data should have MDF extension.
The first line of file contain information about observed parameters common
for whole profile.
First line contains values of periods (in seconds). Its must be sorted in order
grow up.
Next lines contain information about every profile sounding point, united in
the blocks described below.
The block of sounding station description
First line is the start indicator of sounding point description block (must be
contain symbol {).
Second line is the station name.
Third line is the sounding options.
First record is the profile coordinate of sounding point.
Second note is the relief elevation (positive value; minimal height is zero, other
heights is calculated as elevation above it (in meters).
Fourth and fifth lines contain the actual observed data.
Ever line must begin by code-key shows to the program what kind of data
used for observed data.
Code keys control the kind of data are next:
Ro_a apparent resistivities.
Eta_a phase of impedances.
If to code-key is added _w, it means setting of observed data weights.
The number and the order of notes in every lines must correspond the system of
period (see first line) If the data of any period is absent the symbol * must be
added.
Last line is the end indicator of sounding point description block (must be
contain symbol })

The note of stations must have the same order as the profile layout (in order to
coordinate grow up).

Interpretation results saving

The result of profile data interpretation is saved in Zond-MT project files
(extension *.MDP). This file contains the file name with observed data, also set of
parameters and limits for every sounding point. To save result, press

on the

toolbar or Save data item in the Menu. If option autosave is ON, the result will be
saved automatically in certain time. Also you can save calculated curves in MDF
format.

The operating procedure with the program

Main Menu
As soon as data file *.MDF is ready you can load it in with help button
or Open data in the Menu. After file loading is successfully finished functional
buttons is activated. Short information appears in right section of status panel. It
contains the description of first sounding station. Move the cursor over windows and
you can see coordinates of window axes in left section of status panel which situated
at the bottom of main window. Press button

of window caption bar (see in picture)

and context menu appears. It allow to dialog (option Object name Setup) with every
objects and to set the number of objects (option Set <object name> number) for Model Editor or Calculated and observed curve graph.
Buttons

and

change of the sounding station index.

Main Menu toolbar

The toolbar is intended for quick run the most used functions. The following
table lists the buttons found in the tool bar with their corresponding functions (from
right to left):
Opens data file *.MDF or *.MDP.
Saves interpretation result or calculated curves.
Runs setup dialog for program parameters.
Unites two layers in one with summary thickness.
Splits layer. Desired layer is divided by two layers with the same (in logarithmic
scale) thickness.
Deletes active layer.
Runs data inversion for active point (left click) or for active and next (right
click).
Copies in buffer station model.
Pastes model and uses it in this station (left click) or in the other next (right

click).

Main Menu functions

The following table lists the items found in the Menu with their corresponding
functions:
File

Open data

Opens data file *.MDF or *.MDP.

File

Save data

Saves interpretation result or calculated curves.

File

Program setup

File

Registration file

File

Registration

File

Exit

Window

Tile vertical

Window

Tile horizontal

Window

Zond Standard

Chooses Standartstyle.

Window

Zond Profile

Chooses Profile style.

Window

Zond User

Chooses User style.

Window

Runs program parameters setup dialog.

Creates registration file.
Inputs password for registration.
Exit from program.
Vertical windows order.
Horizontal windows order.

ZondInterpretation Chooses Interpretation style.

Help

About

Help

Context

About program.
Displays this manual.

Hot keys
The following table lists the keys found in the keyboard with their functions:
[Space]
[S]

Runs data inversion for active station.

Splits layer. Desired layer is divided by two layers with the
same (in logarithmic scale) thickness.

[M]

Unites two layers in one with summary thickness.

[D]

Deletes active layer.

->

Goes to the next station.

<-

Goes to the previous station.

[Escape]

Stops the inversion process.

Program setup dialog

The Menu allows you to display the next tabs:
Default values and Inversion. The button of tool bar

Options, Start model,

runs this dialog.

Tab Options

AutoSaving
This field allows enabling or disabling the
autosaving mode.
Time interval - Sets the time interval for
autosaving (in minutes). The file will save
with name of opened file plus Temp.
Autosave - check ON, to enable autosave
mode.
Labels
Sets the parameters of font. Font - This field specifies the name of font (for mark on
the axes, curves, etc).
Label size - Sets the size of font (for mark on the axes, curves, etc).
Legend size - Sets the size of font (for name of parameters).
Utils
Sets the data parameters. Correct observed data - Check ON, if you would change the
observed data in case of over limited values. Polynomial interpolation is used to
correct observed values.
Linear axis step - Sets the desired step for axis. This option is used for axes scaling.
Alarm if error > - Displays the dialog panel for confirmation of profile inversion, if
station value of RMS error exceeds the set value.

Tab Default values

The given tab is intended for the task of the

various parameters used at work with model.
The rows correspond to the parameters of

layers (properties and thickness). The columns correspond to the below definitions.
First column [DefValue] values by default. (it is used for start model).
Second column [DefMinimum] value of parameters lower limit by default (it is used
at fixing parameters).
Third column [DefMaximum] value of parameters upper limit by default (it is used at
fixing parameters).
Fourth column [DefFixed] check ON if you would fix parameter after reading of
observed data. When you load the project-file this option is off.
Fifth column [Invert] checks ON, if you would invert parameter when inversion is
on.

Tab Start model

The tab serves as the constructor of start
model at reading the field data.
The field [Construct layers from] sets the
algorithm

which

definite

the

layer

boundaries position.
Value [Curve extremums] positions of
boundaries are determined from field
curves (from extremums analyses).
Value [equal log-dividing] dividing is made with uniform logarithmic step, from the
minimal pseudodepth to maximal. The number of layers is set in a field [Layers
number]. Value [incremental factor] It means the default sets are used for layer
thickness. The thickness of every next layer is equal the before layer thickness
multiplying by [Thickness incremental Factor].
[Layers number] sets maximum value of layers number.
[Constructor options] Contains the options intended for the task of start parameters
of model.
The field [Layers parameters from] sets the algorithm which definite the layer
parameters.
Value [field curve values] parameters of layers are determined by means of
interpolation field curves values.
Value [default values] for parameters of layers values by default are used.
Value [median of field curve] parameters of layers are determined, how average
value of field curves.

The field [Parameter factor] sets the factor which multiply by maximum of model
parameters and divide by minimum of model parameters (usually 1 4). This factor
increases the start model contrast. It is especially important, if the curves have not the
asymptotes.
The field [Thickness factor] sets the factor which multiply by layers thickness (in
mode Curve extremums or equal log-dividing) (usually 0.2 - 1) or this field sets
the factor increases the ever next layers thickness (in mode Thicknesses>default
value) (usually 1 - 5).

Tab Inversion
The field [Profile style] sets the inversion
style of profile interpretation.
Value [Current station model] It means
the

active

point

model

serves

the

inversions start model.

Value [Start station model] It means the
start point model serves the inversions
start model for all points.
Value [Previous stations mode] It means the previous point model serves
the inversions start model for next point.
The field [Damping factor] sets the starting value of damping factor.

It

depends of numerous parameters: the condition number of jacobian matrix, the signal
to noise ratio of data and the number of model parameter definitions. It is an
empiric factor.

For noisy data or for smooth parameter distribution the damping

factor must have the big value: 0.05 - 0.5; for precision measurements - 0.005 - 0.01.
Stop conditions. Data inversion is a nonlinear iterative process. This group of
parameters sets the rules that stop the iteration.
The field [Iteration number] sets a maximum number of iterations for an iterative
nonlinear inversion stop. If the inversion diverges, it will stop after the prescribed
maximum number of iterations.
The field [RMS value] sets the minimal RMS error. The process of automatic
interpretation stops when the set is achieved. The primary objective of inversion is to

reduce data misfit between field measurements and calculated data of a reconstructed
model. Measurement errors usually range from 0.01% to 0.05%. But do not forget
about numerical errors and rounding errors. This number should be equal to or larger
than percentage of noise estimate.
The field [Reduction error] sets the value of reduction error (in percent

%). The

inversion stops when the value of reduction error is achieved for three sequential
iterations. It is generally expected that data misfit, e.g. RMS error, be reduced from
iteration to iteration. The first several iterations have a larger RMS error reduction
than later iterations. When RMS error reduction is very small or RMS error increases,
the inversion should be terminated.
The field [Depth smoothing] check ON for depth smoothing. It sets the degree of
model-depth smoothing. The more set values (1 to 10) then more averaging of layers
parameters with depth are on. Since the resolution of this method decreases with
depth, the damping factor used in the inversion least-squares method is normally also
increased with each deeper layer. Use a larger value (>1) if the model shows
unnatural oscillations in the parameter values in the lower sections.
The field [Robust] check ON if the big errors in data are contained. Its may consist
of the measure system faults.
The field [Style] sets the type of data inversion.
Value [Smooth] is the inversion by least-square method with using the
smoothing filter and with using the additional minimization of contrast. As result we
have the most smooth parameters distribution. This type of inversion is recommended
for the beginning interpretation.

The number of model layers must exceed

considerable the number of real-model layers.

Desirably, the number of layers

exceeds 10 layers and its thicknesses are fixed.

Value [Standard] is the inversion by least-square method with using the
damping factor regularization. It allows receiving the model with sharp boundaries.
Careless using this type of inversion leads to the results instability or to the RMS
increasing. For the best results this method must be used as specify method after
inversion with help of Smooth.
Value [Focused] is the inversion by least-square method with using the
smoothing filter and with using the additional contrast focusing. As result we have the
piecewise-smooth parameters distribution. It is the model which consists of layers
with constant parameter. This type of inversion is recommended for the beginning
interpretation. The number of model layers must exceed considerable the number of

real-model layers.

Desirably, the number of layers exceeds 10 layers and its

thicknesses are fixed.

Careless using this type of inversion leads to the algorithm divergence and the
instability models.
The field [Threshold] sets the maximum value contrast of neighboring layers.
When the maximum value contrast is achieved the parameters of layers dont average.
It is an empiric parameter. (0.001-1). When you select the least value you will have
the algorithm divergence (you must increase this value). When you select the biggest
value you have the smooth distribution.
The option [Filter] - is used in those versions of programs which use two and
more types of parameters. Establishes how to construct the focusing filter.
Value from parameter - the filter for all types of parameters is constructed on
model of the chosen parameter.
Value from any - the filter for each type of parameters is constructed on model of this
parameter.

Observed data interpretation

Zond-MT allows deciding the one dimensional forward modeling and
inversion of MTS. This program produces the inversion of layers properties and
thickness.

User can fix the parameters and set the limits of changing for these

parameters. Also, user can set the weights of observed data.

After reading of data file the interpretation mode is activated.

Data inversion
This option is used to quick data inversion of one or all profile stations.
Method of Newton is used for minimization of least-square deviation between the
calculated and observed curves.
Press

on toolbar to invert the active sounding station data, right click

selects the whole profile.

In the status bar you can see the information about divergence between
calculated and observed curves. The inversion will finish when it achieves the set
level or the number of iteration exceed maximal.

The inversion gives nonunique solution since calculated curves can be

identical for several models. So, it is necessary to take into account the apriority
information about geoelectrical section when you set the start model in inversion. If
you have real apriority information about the geoelectrical section you must fix the
known parameters or limit the changing of the known parameters in their field in start
model.

Objects
Interactive interpretation is made in the following objects: Model editor,
Section, Parameters table, visualization in objects: Pseudosection, Profiling plot,
Calculated and observed curve plot. These objects appear automatically after data is
loaded.

Model editor

The red stepping line is

the dependence of the
first parameter from the
depth (left vertical axis
corresponds it). The blue
stepping

line

is

the

dependence of the second

parameter from the depth
(right

vertical

axis

corresponds it). The red

and blue curves with filled circles and squares are the observed curves for first and
second type of observed data, depending from the pseudodepth.
The red and blue curves with empty circles and squares are the calculated
curves for first and second type of observed data, depending from pseudo depth.
The left axis corresponds to the red curves. The right axis corresponds to the
blue curves. The right axis is absent if one type of observed data is used to the
program.

Graphic parameters of calculated and observed graphs can be installed in setup

dialog.
The window can contain as many as three similar graphs allowing model
editors of three neighbors stations.
You can change parameters of model by mouse. Move cursor at the model
curve (the shape of cursor must change) and left click after that you can drag the
active part of curve.
The green circle on the curve shows the active layer.
The alteration of curves vertical sector location corresponds to the alteration of
model geometry (thicknesses [right click] and depths of layer [left click]).
The alteration of curves horizontal sector location corresponds to the alteration
of model layer parameters.
When you double click in the object location, the following context menu
appears:
Print preview

Runs the dialog of printing.

Parameter1 name display

Displays or hides the graph of model first parameter.

Parameter2 name display

Displays or hides the graph of model second

parameter.

Data1-m name display

Displays or hides the observed curves or calculated

curves for this type of measurements.

Left axis Parameter1-n name

Displays the active parameter for left axe.

Right axis Parameter1-n name

Displays the active parameter for right axe.

When you right click in the observed curve points, the following context menu
appears and you can set the weight of observed data:
Good point
Bad point

Sets weight 1 for active point.

Sets weight 0.5 for active point.

Very bad point

Sets weight 0 for active point.

Good points >>

Sets weight 1 for active point and all points to right of it.

Bad points >>

Sets weight 0.5 for active point and all points to right of it.

Very bad points >>

Sets weight 0 for active point and all points to right of it.

Good points <<

Sets weight 1 for active point and all points to left of it.

Bad points <<

Sets weight 0.5 for active point and all points to left of it.

Very bad points <<

Sets weight 0 for active point and all points to left of it.

The data weights are very important for the model parameters inversion. The
point weight is calculate by the next way: Point weight = 1 dispersion / (observed
value). The data weight can be set in the data file and it is saving in the project file.

Parameters table
This window allows you to edit the model parameters by keyboard. The table
contains n+3 columns (n the number of medium properties). Every table row
contains the only one layer parameters.
First column contains the layer index. Next n columns contains physical properties of
layers. Penultimate column contains the thicknesses of layers.
The last column contains the depths of layers (with the taking account of station
altitude).
The cell is silver when the limits of
parameter alteration are set. The cell is dark
gray when the parameter value is fixed.
When you right click in the table
cell, the following context menu appears.
The item of context menu serves the current
parameter of all layers, if you right click in
the cell of first row. The item of context menu serves all parameters of active layer if
you right click in the cell of first column.
Lock

Fixes parameter.

Free

Frees parameter.

User limits

Sets users limits for the parameter.

Default limits

Sets default limits.

Default values

Sets default values.

Lock >>>

Fixes the parameter of current model and all next models.

Free >>>

Frees the parameter of current model and free the all next
models.

User limits >>>

Sets users diapasons for the parameter of current model and all
next models.

Default limits >>>

Sets the default limits in current model and all next models.

Default values >>> Sets the default values in current model and all next models.
The default values are set in the program setup dialog.
When you right click in upper left corner of window, the following optional
context menu appears:
Data precision

Sets the data precision of table.

Display limits

Shows or hides the parameter limits.

Correlation matrix

Shows correlation matrix and confidence

limits of models parameters.

Return to start model

Returns to start model. The model

constructs by algorithm of setup dialog.

Save table to file

Saves model in file.

Correlation plot

Shows correlation plot window.

Layers summarization

To

cause

dialogue

of

layers

summarization. Dialogue allows to set

threshold value of contrast at which the
next layers are united in one.
The main diagonal of correlation matrix contains 1. The parameters
which corresponding to the non - diagonal members has the different influence to
sounding curve. If the modules of non - diagonal members are a lot less then 1, then
corresponding parameters are specified with a little error. If the modules of matrix
elements are closely 1, then parameters are indefinite together. In this case you must
fix the one from equivalent parameters for maximum precision of result, if you have
got the independent information about it. In case of high correlation of neighboring
layers parameters you can fix one from correlatable parameters or you can unite this
layers e.g. to do the simple model.
Confidence intervals are the criteria of reliability for the parameters definition
and it is link with integral sensitivity of layer parameters. In case of large confidence
interval are thought that the parameter values are not reliable. The correlation map of
pair parameters represents the plan of a discrepancy (at percents) between the
theoretical data for the current and changed model.

The analysis of correlation dependence promotes successful revealing of

equivalence between two parameters.
The colorbar establishes a ratio between discrepancy value and the certain
color.
The field [p1] - establishes type of the first parameter for which the analysis of
correlation dependence must be made (next field - index of layer).
The field [p2] - establishes type of the second parameter for which the analysis
of correlation dependence must be made (next field - index of layer).
Press

- to build the correlation map.

Section
Section serves to display the models parameters along a profile, as the profile section.
Construction is made in axes: coordinate on a profile, the depth. The color
bar sets a relation between displayed parameter value and color.
If the cursor is situated on the geoelectrical section the layer is allocated by
rectangle. The form of cursor is changed when it locates on the boundary between
layers and you can edit the boundarys position. For that you must drag active
boundary in to desired position. If you do it with pressed right button the underlying
boundaries move together with selected boundary. If you want to alter the maximal
value of vertical axis you must right click in the top to decrease or in bottom to
increase. The size and position of color bar can be altered by dragging the mark on
color bar with pressed right or left button.

When you double click on the object, the following context menu appears
Log vertical scale

Use the logarithmic scale for vertical axe.

Log data scale

Use the logarithmic scale for color bar.

Display labels

Displays parameters values in the layers

Display Color Bar

Displays the color bar.

Refresh section
Parameter1-n name

Redraws section.
Displays the section for current parameter.

display

Pseudosection

Pseudosection serves to display the observed values along a profile, as the contours
map.
Construction is made in axes: coordinate on a profile, the logarithm of
pseudo-depth. The color bar sets a relation between displayed parameter value and
color.
The size and position of color bar can be altered by dragging the mark on color bar
with pressed right or left button.
When you double click on the object, the following context menu appears:
Log data scale

Use the log scale for color bar.

Display labels

Displays labels of measurement points.

Display ColorBar
Data1-m name display

Displays color bar.

Displays the pseudosection for active parameter.

Plot of profiling

This object serves for displaying the graphs of profiling (calculated and
observed) for different pseudodepth (spacing/ period/ time of decay). The color of
curve suits the certain pseudodepth.
The calculated curves are represented by solid lines. The observed curves
are represented by solid with circles in the measurement points. Certain color suits the
every curve; it is set in the setup dialog panel. Labels in the observed curves mean the
values of pseudodepth for which the curves are constructed.
Graphic parameters of observed and calculated curves can be set in the setup
dialog panel.
If you left click on the curve the other curves disappear and appear again after
upping the mouse button. You can shift all graphs vertically by mouse dragging.
When you double click on the object, the following context menu appears:
Display observed

Displays observed curves.

Display calculated

Displays calculated curves.

Display legend

Displays curves marks.

Linear scale

Displays the curves in linear scale.

Log scale

Displays the curves in the logarithmic scale.

LogLinear scale

Displays the curves in the loglinear scale.

display

Displays graphs of current parameter.

Calculated and observed curve plot

The window contains one,
two or three similar plots.
The red curve and the blue
curve with filled circles and
squares

are

calculated

curves of the first and

second type measured data
in

depending

of

spacing/period/time
decay.

the
of

The red and blue curves with empty circles and squares are the calculated curves for
first and second type of observed data in depending of the Spacing/period/time of
decay.
The left axis corresponds to red curve; the right axe corresponds to the blue
curve. If the program operates one type of observed values the right axe is absent.
Graphic parameters of observed and calculated graphs can be set in the setup
dialog.
When you double click on object, the following context menu appears.
Print preview

Runs the dialog of printing.

Display point weights

Displays weights of observed data.

Data1-m name Linear scale

Displays curves in the linear scale.

Data1-m name Log scale

Displays curves in the logarithmic scale.

Data1-m name LinLog scale

Data1-m name display

Displays curves in the loglinear scale.

Displays curves of current type.

When you right click on the points of observed curves, the following context
menu appears and you can set the weight for observed data.
Good point
Bad point

Sets weight 1 for active point.

Sets weight 0.5 for active point.

Very bad point

Sets weight 0 for active point.

Good points >>

Sets weight 1 for active point and all points to right of it.

Bad points >>

Sets weight 0.5 for active point and all points to right of it.

Very bad points >>

Sets weight 0 for active point and all points to right of it.

Good points <<

Sets weight 1 for active point and all points to left of it.

Bad points <<

Very bad points <<

Sets weight 0.5 for active point and all points to left of it.
Sets weight 0 for active point and all points to left of it.

The data weights are very important for the model parameters inversion. The
point weight is calculate by the next way: Point weight = 1 dispersion / (observed
value). The data weight can be set in the data file and it is saving in the project file.

Objects setup adjusting

Tab Pseudo-section

This tab serves to setup the parameters of

pseudosection.
Box margins
The field [Left margin] sets the
margin (in pixels) of picture from
windows left edge.
The field [Right margin] sets the
margin (in pixels) of picture from
windows right edge.
The field [Top margin] sets the margin (in pixels) of picture from windows
top edge.
The field [Bottom margin] sets the margin (in pixels) of picture from
windows bottom edge.
Fill&Line colors
Next options [Min contour], [1/3 contour], [2/3 contour] and [Max contour] set
the interpolation array of colors from [Min contour] to [Max contour] via [1/3
contour] and [2/3 contour]. This color palette is used to paint the space between the
neighbor isolines.
The field [Num levels] defines the number of isolines. The levels are set by
constant linear or logarithmic step in depending of data type.
Next options [Min isoline] and [Max isoline] set the interpolation array from
[Min contour] to [Max contour]. This color palette is used to paint the isolines.
Option [Isolines] check ON to paint the isolines.
User data limits
The option [User limits] - specifies to the program, to use the minimal and maximal
values of the data or to use values of fields [Minimum] and [Maximum] at the creation
of isolines.
The field [Minimum] - sets the minimal value at the creation of isolines.
The field [Maximum] - sets the maximal value at the creation of isolines.
Tab Model section

This tab serves to setup of section

parameters.
Box margins
The field [Left margin] sets the margin
(in pixels) of picture from windows left
edge.
The [Right margin] sets the margin (in
pixels) of picture from windows right edge.
The field [Top margin] sets the margin (in pixels) of picture from windows top edge.
[Bottom margin] sets the margin (in pixels) of picture from windows bottom
edge.
Fill colors
Next options [Min colour], [1/3 colour], [2/3 colour] and [Max colour] set the
interpolation array of colors from [Min colour] to [Max colour] via [1/3 colour] and
[2/3 colour]. This color palette is used to paint the layers.
The field [Num levels] defines the number of levels. The levels are set by
uniform linear or logarithmic step in depending of data type.
User data limits
The option [User limits] - specifies to the program, to use the minimal and maximal
values of the parameters or to use values of fields [Minimum] and [Maximum] at the
creation of a color scale.
The field [Minimum] - sets the minimal value at the creation of a color scale.
The field [Maximum] - sets the maximal value at the creation of a color scale.
From pseudosection
Option [Box margins] sets to use the values of field [Box margins] which relate to the
pseudosection.
Option [ColorBar] sets to use the values of field [Fill colors] which relate to
pseudosection.
Tab ProfilePlot
This tab serves to setup of profiling
graph parameters.
Observed&calculated curves colors

Next options [Min colour], [1/3 colour], [2/3 colour] and [Max colour] set the
interpolation array of colors from [Min colour] to [Max colour] via [1/3 colour] and
[2/3 colour]. This color palette is used to paint the graphs.
User data limits
The option [User limits] - specifies to the program, to use the minimal and maximal
values of the data or to use values of fields [Minimum] and [Maximum] at scaling an
axis.
The field [Minimum] sets the minimal value of axis.
The field [Maximum] sets the maximal value of axis.
Labels
The field [Style] defines how to display the labels on the graph.
Value Left points - the labels are situated on the left of graphs.
Value All points - the labels are situated from point to point.
Value Right points - the labels are situated on the right of graphs.
When you press the buttons [Observed] and [Calculated], the setup dialog of graphic
parameters for observed and calculated curves appears.
Tab MultiCurves & ModelCurves plot

Curves colors
This field is enabled if you set Gradient
colors in Colors palette/ Style mode.
Next options [Min colour], [1/3 colour], [2/3
colour]

and

[Max

colour]

set

the

interpolation array of colors from [Min

colour] to [Max colour] via [1/3 colour] and
[2/3 contour]. This color palette is used to paint the graphs.

Labels
The field [Style] defines how to paint the labels on the graph.
Value Left points - the labels are situated on the left of graphs.
Value All points - the labels are situated from point to point.
Value Right points - the labels are situated on the right of graphs.
Multi-curves case

The field [Horizontal shift] sets the shift between neighbor curves. (in percent of
logarithmic decade)
The above options are used in that Zond1D programs which use mixed sounding
(spacing frequency, etc.) where it displays some graphs in one time.

Left/Right axis limits

The option [User limits] - specifies to the program, to use the minimal and maximal
values of the data or to use values of fields [Minimum] and [Maximum] at scaling an
axis.
The field [Minimum] sets the minimal value of axis.
The field [Maximum] sets the maximal value of axis.
The field [Normal] defines the representation type of observed data in depending of
its dispersion.
Normal - there are the observed data.
Error bars there are statistical gates which calculates correspond to data dispersion.
MinMax curve there are two curves which calculate correspond to data dispersion.
Curve+dispersion there are the data and its dispersion.

Left/Right Series
When you press the buttons [Observed] and [Calculated], the setup dialog of graphic
parameters for observed and calculated curves appears.