ERRATA

CRANE FLOW OF FLUIDS

THROUGH VALVES, FITTINGS AND PIPE
TECHNICAL PAPER NO. 410
METRIC VERSION
CONTACT
Please address questions and possible errata to solutions@flowoffluids.com

CORRECTION
PRINTED

FRONT MATTER
PAGE VI
Fk should be F
individual gas constant(J/kgk) should be (J/kgK)
universal gas constant(J/kgk) should be (J/k molK)

08/2011
10/2010
10/2010

TEXT
PAGE 1-7
11/2012

Fig. 1-7 key should be: 5% Reduction of Pipe ID (e=0.046mm, ID=97.2mm)

PAGE 1-8
k is used in 6 places on this page for the specific heat ratio, k should be replace with g
Eq. 1-25

should be

11/2012

PAGE 2-5
Steam Flow Tests - Curves 19 to 31, Key Curve No. 26 is repeated, the first should be 25

11/2012

PAGE 2-7
08/2011

sum of the inverses of the individual resistance of each component:

should be sum of the square roots of the inverse of the individual
Eq. 2-6

should be

08/2011

Updates to Errata available online at: http://www.flowoffluids.com/publications/crane-tp-410/errata.aspx

PAGE 2-8
Fig. 2-9, left side Scale - Valve or fitting size in millimetres:
Should have the labels Schedule 80 on the left and Schedule 40 on the right.
Schedule 40 at the extreme right hand side of the figure should be removed

11/2012

PAGE 2-11
Eq. 2-16

) should be

Eq. 2-18

) should be

Eq. 2-27

should be

(
(

10/2010

)
)
(

10/2010
)

10/2010

PAGE 2-13
expansion bend up of continuous 90 degree should be bend made up of

10/2010

PAGE 2-15
Column for values of G added to table 2-3:

10/2010

Replace Tables 2-2 and 2-4:

08/2011

Updates to Errata available online at: http://www.flowoffluids.com/publications/crane-tp-410/errata.aspx

08/2011

PAGE 2-16
New Figure 2-16:
08/2011

PAGE 3-4
Eq. 3-4 should be:

11/2012

Updates to Errata available online at: http://www.flowoffluids.com/publications/crane-tp-410/errata.aspx

The definition should be:

The definition should be:

11/2012
11/2012

The definition should be: dnom,v = nominal valve size (mm)

The definition should be: dnom = nominal pipe size (mm) (1=upstream, 2=downstream)

Eq. 3-5 should be:

) ]

Eq. 3-6 should be:

) ]

Eq. 3-7 should be:

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11/2012
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) ]

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Eq. 3-10 should be:

11/2012

Footnote added: *For use only with control valves per ANSI/ISA 75.01.01,
for reducers in pipelines see page 2-11

10/2010

PAGE 3-5
Eq. 3-13 should be

08/2011

Definition of x should read: x = pressure drop ratio = P/P'1

04/2010

Fk should be F

08/2011

Eq. 3-14 should be

11/2012

The definition should be: dnom,v = assumed nominal valve size (mm)

11/2012

PAGE 4-5
Eq. 4-7b

should read:

08/2011

PAGE 4-6
The data is also plotted on page A-21 of this reference should be page A-22

04/2010

Equation 4-16 may be used for orifices should be Equation 4-14

04/2010

1. The specific heat ratio, k. should be 1. The specific heat ratio, .

08/2011

Updates to Errata available online at: http://www.flowoffluids.com/publications/crane-tp-410/errata.aspx

Eq. 4-15 should be:

08/2011
(

)[

) ]

Eq. 4-16 should be:

08/2011

][

{[

) ]
[

)
(

)
]}

The paragraph beginning The expansibility factor has been experimentally

determined should have the following added at the end: For the purposes of accurate
metering, the expansibility factor equations should be limited to conditions when the
pressure ratio is greater than 0.80 (
) per the ASME standard. There are
some critical flow applications discussed in the next section where stringent metering
accuracy is not a requirement, and therefore the charts on page A-22 reflect a greater
range of pressure ratios.

08/2011

The paragraph beginning Values of k for some shall have the terms k replaced with
the terms .

08/2011

The paragraph beginning The critical pressure ratio is the largest ratio shall be
rewritten as follows: The critical pressure ratio is the largest ratio of downstream
pressure to upstream pressure capable of producing sonic velocity. Values of critical
pressure ratio which are a function of the ratio of nozzle diameter to upstream diameter
as well as the specific heat ratio are plotted on page A-22, and are derived from the
following relationship46:

08/2011

Add Eq. 4-17:

08/2011
)

The paragraph beginning Flow through nozzles and venturi meters shall be rewritten
as follows: Flow through nozzles and venturi meters is limited by the critical pressure
ratio. Other applications which require the determination of a mass flow rate under
critical conditions include equipment ruptures and pressure relief valves. In these cases,
the stringent accuracy of metering applications is not required, and therefore the
expansibility factors can be taken at pressure ratios below 0.80. Minimum values of Y to
be used in Equation 4-14 for this condition, are indicated on the plots on page A-22 by the

termination of the curves at

.

08/2011

PAGE 6-2
Viscosity Conversion should be

08/2011

Updates to Errata available online at: http://www.flowoffluids.com/publications/crane-tp-410/errata.aspx

PAGE 6-3
Eq. 6-9 should be:
08/2011
08/2011
08/2011

PAGE 6-4
Eq. 6-17

should be

should be

11/2012

11/2012

PAGE 6-5
Eq. 6-25

Eq. 6-32

should be

should be

08/2011

08/2011

PAGE 6-6
11/2012

Eq. 6-34 should be:

Eq. 6-35 should be:

Eq. 6-36 should be:

11/2012

) ]

) ]

) ]

11/2012
11/2012

11/2012
11/2012

Eq. 6-37 should be:

Eq. 6-38 should be corrected as follows:

08/2011

Updates to Errata available online at: http://www.flowoffluids.com/publications/crane-tp-410/errata.aspx

08/2011

11/2012
(

08/2011

Eq. 6-39 should be corrected as follows:

08/2011
08/2011

PAGE 7-2
Ex. 7-3 for graphical solutions of steps 5 through 7, use pages A-31 & A-32 should be
removed
Ex. 7-3 5. Should be

08/2011

PAGE 7-6
Ex. 7-10 as described in Example 6-4 should be Example 7-4

10/2010

PAGE 7-7
Ex. 7-12 7.

] should be

]
10/2010

PAGE 7-8
Ex. 7-14 Should be: Find: The velocity in both the 100 and 125 mm pipe sizes

11/2012

PAGE 7-9
Ex. 7-15, Schematic - Should be: 65mm Globe Lift Check Valve with
7. Should be: For 150 metres of 80 mm Schedule 40 pipe,

11/2012
11/2012

PAGE 7-10
Ex. 7-17 1. should be:
2. should be:

08/2011

08/2011

Updates to Errata available online at: http://www.flowoffluids.com/publications/crane-tp-410/errata.aspx

PAGE 7-16
Ex. 7-25 Should be: Find: The discharge rate in cubic metres per second

11/2012

PAGE 7-17
Ex. 7-26 23. f = 0.0155 should reference page A-25 rather than A-24
24. Should be flow rate will be 89400 litres/min.

10/2010
11/2012

PAGE 7-18
Ex. 7-27 5. should be:

) ]

) ]

11/2012

effective Kv of (98)(0.986)=96.6

11/2012

6. should be:

11/2012

7. should be:

8. will be throttled to a Kv = 73.47 should be Cv =73.40

11/2012

PAGE 7-19
Ex. 7-28 2. Should be:

) ]
) ]

[
[

(
(

) ]

11/2012

) ]

3. Should be:

4. Should be:

)(

)(

11/2012

11/2012
5. should be:

)[

)]

11/2012

Updates to Errata available online at: http://www.flowoffluids.com/publications/crane-tp-410/errata.aspx

PAGE 7-20
11/2012

Ex. 7-29 Should be: Find: The flow rate in litres per minute

PAGE 7-21
Ex. 7-31 1. Should be
5. Should be

08/2011

08/2011

PAGE 7-23
Ex. 7-34 Should be: Find: Theand average power cost of 0.08/kWh

11/2012

APPENDICES
PAGE A-19
Total Temp headings: 160, 180, 200, 220, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 550, 650

04/10

Should be: 340, 360, 380, 400, 420, 440, 460, 500, 550, 600, 650

PAGE A-21
Flow Coefficient C for Venturi Nozzles :
Should be: equations presented in ASME MFC-3Ma-2007

11/2012

Updates to Errata available online at: http://www.flowoffluids.com/publications/crane-tp-410/errata.aspx

PAGE A-22
Page title should cite reference 27 and also 46

04/2010

Graphs should change to the following:

10/2010

Updates to Errata available online at: http://www.flowoffluids.com/publications/crane-tp-410/errata.aspx

10/2010

Updates to Errata available online at: http://www.flowoffluids.com/publications/crane-tp-410/errata.aspx

08/2011

PAGE A-30
Under STANDARD TEES AND WYES delete For Converging or Diverging Flow:

04/2010

Updates to Errata available online at: http://www.flowoffluids.com/publications/crane-tp-410/errata.aspx

PAGE B-4
Equivalents of Kinematic and Saybolt Universal Viscosity
Should be: Note: To obtain the Saybolt Universal Viscosity equivalent

11/2012

Updates to Errata available online at: http://www.flowoffluids.com/publications/crane-tp-410/errata.aspx