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    Magnetism and Electromagnetism PDF

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    Eng Bahanza
    1. The document discusses magnetism and electromagnetism through a series of questions and answers. It covers topics like the motor effect, generating electricity, increasing motor strength, alternating voltage, step-up and step-down transformers, electromagnetic induction, and the national power grid. 2. Key points covered include that moving a wire in a magnetic field or moving a magnet in a coil of wire can generate electricity. Increasing current, coil loops, or magnet strength can boost a motor. Transformers are used to step up voltage for transmission and step down for use. 3. Electromagnetic induction occurs when movement of a magnetic field generates electricity in a wire. The national power grid transmits electricity at high voltages

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Magnetism and Electromagnetism PDF

    Uploaded by

    Eng Bahanza
    912 views7 pages
    1. The document discusses magnetism and electromagnetism through a series of questions and answers. It covers topics like the motor effect, generating electricity, increasing motor strength, alternating voltage, step-up and step-down transformers, electromagnetic induction, and the national power grid. 2. Key points covered include that moving a wire in a magnetic field or moving a magnet in a coil of wire can generate electricity. Increasing current, coil loops, or magnet strength can boost a motor. Transformers are used to step up voltage for transmission and step down for use. 3. Electromagnetic induction occurs when movement of a magnetic field generates electricity in a wire. The national power grid transmits electricity at high voltages

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    1. The document discusses magnetism and electromagnetism through a series of questions and answers. It covers topics like the motor effect, generating electricity, increasing motor strength, alternating voltage, step-up and step-down transformers, electromagnetic induction, and the national power grid. 2. Key points covered include that moving a wire in a magnetic field or moving a magnet in a coil of wire can generate electricity. Increasing current, coil loops, or magnet strength can boost a motor. Transformers are used to step up voltage for transmission and step down for use. 3. Electromagnetic induction occurs when movement of a magnetic field generates electricity in a wire. The national power grid transmits electricity at high voltages

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    912 views7 pages

    Magnetism and Electromagnetism PDF

    Uploaded by

    Eng Bahanza
    1. The document discusses magnetism and electromagnetism through a series of questions and answers. It covers topics like the motor effect, generating electricity, increasing motor strength, alternating voltage, step-up and step-down transformers, electromagnetic induction, and the national power grid. 2. Key points covered include that moving a wire in a magnetic field or moving a magnet in a coil of wire can generate electricity. Increasing current, coil loops, or magnet strength can boost a motor. Transformers are used to step up voltage for transmission and step down for use. 3. Electromagnetic induction occurs when movement of a magnetic field generates electricity in a wire. The national power grid transmits electricity at high voltages

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7
    At a glance
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    The key takeaways are that electricity can be generated by moving a magnet through a coil of wire or by moving a wire through a magnetic field. Electric motors can be strengthened by increasing the current, number of coils, or strength of magnets used. An alternating voltage changes polarity and the voltage output of a generator can be increased by using stronger magnets, more coil turns, increasing the speed of rotation, or placing the coil on an iron core.

    There are two main ways to generate electricity - by moving a wire in a magnetic field or by moving a magnet in a coil of wire.

    The three ways to increase the strength of an electric motor are to increase the current in the coil, increase the number of loops on the spinning coil, or increase the strength of the magnet.

    Magnetism and Electromagnetism

    1. Define the motor effect.


    (Marks available: 1)
    Answer
    Answer outline and marking scheme for question: 1
    If a wire carrying a current is placed in a magnetic field a force is produced.
    (1 mark)
    2. State the two main ways to generate electricity.
    (Marks available: 2)
    Answer
    Answer outline and marking scheme for question: 2
    Moving a wire in a magnetic field.
    Moving a magnet in a coil of wire.
    (Marks available: 2)
    3. The three ways of increasing the strength of an electric motor are:
    (Marks available: 3)
    Answer
    Answer outline and marking scheme for question: 3
    Increase the current in the coil.
    Increase the number of loops on the spinning coil.
    Increase the strength of the magnet.
    (Marks available: 3)

    4. a) The diagram shows the construction of a simple electrical generator. When the coil is
    rotated, an alternating voltage is produced at the output.

    i) Explain what is meant by an alternating voltage.


    (1 Mark)
    ii) State two ways in which the voltage output could be increased.
    (2 Marks)
    b) The generators at a power plant produce a voltage of 25,000 V. For long distance
    transmission, on overhead power lines, this is stepped up to 400,000 V. It is later stepped
    down to 240 V for domestic use.
    i) Explain why the voltage is stepped up to 400,000 V,
    (2 Marks)
    ii) A transformer is used to step up the voltage. Calculate the ratio of primary turns to
    secondary turns needed for this transformer.
    (3 Marks)
    c) Give one advantage and one disadvantage of increasing the thickness of voer head
    power lines.
    (2 Marks)
    (Marks available: 10)
    Answer
    Answer outline and marking scheme for question: 4

    a) i) changing polarity
    (1 Mark)
    ii) Any two from:
    o
    o
    o
    o

    stronger magnet
    more turns
    increase speed rotation
    placing coil on soft iron core

    (2 Marks)
    b) i) An explanation to include
    o
    o

    higher V, less l
    less l, lower heating effect

    (2 Marks)

    ii)
    (3 Marks)
    c) Advantage: less resistance
    Disadvantage: heavier
    (2 Marks)
    (Marks available: 10)
    5. a)
    A wire passing down through a hole in a card. If iron filings are sprinkled on the card
    they form a circular pattern as soon as the current in the wire is switched on.
    Why does this happen?
    (2 Marks)
    b) Give two ways that you can increase this electromagnetic effect.
    (2 Marks)

    c) What is the main energy change in the motor?


    (2 Marks)
    d) The motor is not 100% efficient. What happens to the wasted energy?
    (1 Mark)
    d) Explain why the motor turns.
    (3 Marks)
    (Marks available: 10)
    Answer
    Answer outline and marking scheme for question: 5
    a) The flowing current produces a magnetic field. The iron filings are affected by the
    magnetic field.
    (2 Marks)
    b) Increase the current. Have more coils. Put an iron core inside the coil.
    (2 Marks)
    c) Electrical energy to Kinetic energy.
    (2 Marks)
    d) Heat energy.
    (1 Mark)
    e) The magnetic fields of the wire and of the magnets do not want to be in the same place
    so they interact. This pushes them apart. The coiled wire is free to move so it starts to
    turn.
    (3 Marks)
    (Marks available: 10)
    6. a) What does the term 'electromagnetic induction' mean?
    (2 Marks)

    b) What is the main energy change in a simple generator?


    (2 Marks)
    c) Name three ways to increase the amount of electricity induced in the generator.
    (3 Marks)
    d) Name three ways of turning a generator in real electricity production.
    (3 Marks)
    ((Marks available: 10))
    Answer
    Answer outline and marking scheme for question: 6
    a) The generating of electricity, by movement of a magnetic field and a wire.
    (2 Marks)
    b) Kinetic energy to Electrical energy.
    (2 Marks)
    c) More coils of wire, stronger magnets, faster motion.
    (3 Marks)
    d) High pressure steam; wind; moving water; diesel engine.
    (3 Marks)
    (Marks available: 10)
    7. a) What do we call the system of pylons that carry electricity from power stations?
    (1 Mark)
    b) What is the voltage of the mains electricity in UK houses?
    (1 Mark)
    c) Power stations produce electricity at a different voltage to that used in houses.
    Transformers are used to change the voltage. What might the core be made from?

    (1 Mark)
    d) What is the difference between a step-up transformer and a step-down transformer?
    (2 Marks)
    e) Why does a transformer not work with a battery?
    (2 Marks)
    f) 24,000 Volts is supplied to the input of a transformer that has 6000 primary coils. If the
    transformer has 60 secondary coils then how much voltage is supplied from the output?
    (3 Marks)
    ((Marks available: 10))
    Answer
    Answer outline and marking scheme for question: 7
    a) The national grid.
    (1 Mark)
    b) 240 Volts.
    (1 Mark)
    c) Iron.
    (1 Mark)
    d) Step-up increases voltage whereas step-down reduces it.
    (2 Marks)
    e) Transformers only work with ac and batteries produce dc.
    (2 Marks)
    f) Number of prim. coils / prim. voltage = no. of sec. coils / sec. Voltage
    6000 / 24,000 = 60 / sec. Voltage
    secondary voltage = 240 Volts

    (3 Marks)
    (Marks available: 10)

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