This document contains the solutions to mathematics questions from a 2013 JC 2 preliminary exam. The solutions involve solving equations, finding discriminants, limits, derivatives, integrals, probabilities and distributions. Key steps and calculations are shown.
This document contains the solutions to mathematics questions from a 2013 JC 2 preliminary exam. The solutions involve solving equations, finding discriminants, limits, derivatives, integrals, probabilities and distributions. Key steps and calculations are shown.
This document contains the solutions to mathematics questions from a 2013 JC 2 preliminary exam. The solutions involve solving equations, finding discriminants, limits, derivatives, integrals, probabilities and distributions. Key steps and calculations are shown.
This document contains the solutions to mathematics questions from a 2013 JC 2 preliminary exam. The solutions involve solving equations, finding discriminants, limits, derivatives, integrals, probabilities and distributions. Key steps and calculations are shown.
Solution ( k 2) x 2kx 5 0 has no real solution i.e. discriminant 3 5
D (2k )2 4( 53 k 2)(5) 0 k 2 5( 53 k 2) 0
k 2 3k 10 0 (k 5)(k 2) 0
5 Therefore 5 k 2 .
43 x 26 x 4 y 6 22 y 64 2 i.e. 6 x 6 2 y y 3x 3 lg( y x) 1 lg( x 1) lg(2 x 3) 1 lg( x 1) lg(2 x 3) lg( x 1) 1 lg (2 x 3)( x 1) lg10 (2 x 3)( x 1) 10 2 x 2 5x 7 0 (2 x 7)( x 1) 0 x 1 or 3.5 Reject x 1 since lg( x 1) is undefined. When x 3.5 , from y 3x 3 10.5 3 7.5 Therefore x 3.5 and y 7.5
3i y
y x2 1
y ln( x 2)
(0,ln 2) x 2
(1,0) ( 1,0)
3ii
PRELIMINARY EXAM
(0, 1)
x 1.000 and x 1.501 (3 d.p.)
Page 1 of 8
YISHUN JC 3iii
2013 JC 2 MATHEMATICS 8864
Area bounded by the curves
1.501017539
ln( x 2) ( x 2 1) dx
2.926338462 2.926 (3 d.p.)
x2 2 x 1 y x 2 x 1 x dy 1 1 x 2 1 2 dx x dy 4 5 3 1 When x , y and 1 dx 9 9 2 6 1 5 3 Equation of tangent: y x 6 9 2 5 2 y x or 9 y 5x 6 9 3 1 9 3 Equation of normal: y x 6 5 2 9 43 or 15 y 27 x 43 y x 5 15 2 Point T : When x 0 y 3 43 Point N : When x 0 y 15 1 43 2 3 Area of PNT 2 15 3 2 53 or 2.65
20
5a
3e e 3 e
2x
5x
e2 x dx 3 e x e4 x 2 e4 x dx 2
2e x e3 x dx
e5 x e3 x 3 2e x C 3 5
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PRELIMINARY EXAM
YISHUN JC 5b
2013 JC 2 MATHEMATICS 8864
1 1 d 1 3x 2 2 x 7 2 3x 2 2 x 7 2 6 x 2
dx 2 1
3x 1 3x 2 2 x 7 2 3x 1 or 1 3x 2 2 x 7 2
3 3x 1
dx 3x 2 2 x 7
0 0 3x 2 2 x 7 3
28 7 7
9x 3 3x 1
dx 3 dx 0 3x 2 2 x 7 0 3x 2 2 x 7 3 7 3
5c
1 dy At 1, , 3x 2 ax b 0 a b 3 2 dx 4 2 2 At , k , a b 3 3 3 5 5 Solving, a a 1 and b 2 3 3 dy 3x 2 x 2 dx y 3x 2 x 2 dx
y x 3 12 x 2 2 x C At (1, 12 ) , 12 1 12 2 C C 2
1 Therefore, equation of curve is y x3 x 2 2 x 2 2 8 2 4 76 2
At , k , k 2 27 9 3 27 3 6
0.28
0.13
Page 3 of 8
PRELIMINARY EXAM
YISHUN JC 6i
6ii
6iii
6iv
2013 JC 2 MATHEMATICS 8864
P( A) P( A B) P( A B ') 0.35 P( A B) 0.28 Therefore P( A B) 0.07 P( A B) P( A) P( A ' B) 0.35 0.13 0.48 Therefore P( A ' B ') 1 P( A B) 0.52 P( B) P( B A) P( B A ') 0.07 0.13 0.2 P( A B ) P( A | B ) P( B ) 0.07
0.2 0.35 Since P( A | B) P( A) 0.35 , events A and B are independent.
7i
0.95
0.08
0.05
0.92
0.02
0.98
7ii
7iii
PRELIMINARY EXAM
P(correctly diagnosed) 0.08(0.95) 0.92(0.98) 611 0.9776 or 625 P(has diabetes given incorrectly diagnosed) P( A B ') 0.08(0.05)
1 0.9776 0.0224 5
28
Page 4 of 8
YISHUN JC
2013 JC 2 MATHEMATICS 8864
PRELIMINARY EXAM
8a Age Group (Yrs) Below 26 26 to 54 Above 54
Uses Public Transport 87 124 43
Uses Private Transport 11 32 3
The required number of people are to be selected randomly from each stratum. 8b
Advantage: Sample obtained is a good representation of the population.
Disadvantage: Requires precise and accurate information about the population.
9i
Let X be the number of ripe watermelons out of 30 shipped out. X ~ B(30,0.85)
P(all 30 are ripe) P( X 30) 0.0076307596 0.00763 P(fewer than 25 are ripe) P( X 24) 0.289424 0.289 Let Y be the number of crates, each with fewer than 25 ripe watermelons, out of 50 crates. Y ~ B(50,0.28942)
9ii
Since n 50 is large, np 50(0.28942) 5 and n(1 p) 50(1 0.28942) 5
Y ~ N (14.471,10.28280318) approx.
Required probability cc P(15 Y 45) P(15.5 Y 44.5) 0.374146 0.374
Page 5 of 8
YISHUN JC 10i
2013 JC 2 MATHEMATICS 8864
PRELIMINARY EXAM
Let X be the mass (kg) of an adult trout in the lake.
The unbiased estimate for the population mean is x 3.2
3.512 kg (4 sfs)
( x 3.2) 100
3.2
31.2 100
The unbiased estimate for the population variance is
2 ( x 3.2)
2 2 s ( x 3.2)
100 1 100
1 31.22 15.551
99 100 0.05875354 0.05875 (4 sfs) H 0 : 3.47 kg H1 : 3.47 kg
10ii
X ~ N (0,1) approx. by CLT where s n x 3.512 kg, s 0.05875 kg and n 100 . Level of significance: 5% From GC, p-value 0.04157
0.05 , reject H 0 . Since p-value 100 There is significant evidence at 5% level that the marine biologist has understated the mean mass of the adult trouts in the lake. H 0 : 3.47 kg H1 : 3.47 kg Suppose H 0 is true, test statistic Z
Suppose H 0 is true, test statistic Z
X ~ N (0,1) approx. by CLT where s n
s 0.0625 kg and n 100 .
Level of significance: 1% From GC, critical or rejection region is where z 2.32635 x 3.47 2.32635 Since H 0 is not rejected, the test-value is such that 0.25 10 0 x 3.52815875 Maximum x 3.528 kg (3 d.p.)
Page 6 of 8
YISHUN JC 11i
2013 JC 2 MATHEMATICS 8864
PRELIMINARY EXAM
Let X and Y be the mass (g) of a cheese biscuit and a ginger biscuit respectively. By Central Limit Theorem, since sample size is large, Y1 Y2 ... Y44 ~ N (44 10,44 0.32 ) approx. i.e. Y1 Y2 ... Y44 ~ N (440,3.96) approx. X1 X 2 ... X 74 ~ N (74 6,74 0.22 ) approx. i.e. X 1 X 2 ... X 74 ~ N (444,2.96) approx.
Y1 Y2 ... Y44 X1 X 2 ... X 74 ~ N (4,6.92) approx.
P(Y1 Y2 ... Y44 X1 X 2 ... X 74 )
11ii
P(Y1 Y2 ... Y44 X1 X 2 ... X 74 0)
0.9358163198 0.936 X1 X 2 ... X 7 4Y ~ N (7 6 4 10,7 0.04 16 0.09)
i.e. X1 X 2 ... X 7 4Y ~ N (2,1.72)
P( X1 X 2 ... X 7 4Y ) P( X1 X 2 ... X 7 4Y 0) 0.9363686479 0.936
12i 12ii
12iii
Let X be the mass (g) of a bag of cashew nuts and X ~ N (128.5,1.52 ) .
P( X 130) 0.1586552596 0.159 Let W be the mass (g) of a carton of 50 bags of cashew nuts. W ~ N (50 128.5 550,50 1.52 ) i.e. W ~ N (6975,112.5) P(W 7000) 0.0092110461 0.00921 W ~ N (6975,112.5) 112.5
W ~ N 6975, i.e. W ~ N 6975,3.75 30
P(6970 W 6980) 0.9901766644
0.990
Page 7 of 8
YISHUN JC 12iv
2013 JC 2 MATHEMATICS 8864
PRELIMINARY EXAM
Let Y be the mass (g) of a bag of cashew nuts and Y ~ N ( , 2 ) .
Given P(Y 130) 0.18 P Z 130 0.18 or P Z 130 0.82
Using GC,
130
0.915365082
0.915365082 130 ------------ (1)
Given P(Y 126) 0.03 P Z 126 0.03
Using GC,
126
1.88079361
1.88079361 126 ---------- (2)
Solving, 128.691 128.7 g (4 sfs) and 1.43053 1.431 g (4 sfs) 13i
(4,6.85)
pH (y )
Temp. (x C)
(63,6.36)
Temperature (x)
13ii
13iii
13iv
The scatter diagram reveals a negative linear correlation between the temperature and the pH of skimmed milk where the pH of skimmed milk decreases with an increase in temperature. Linear correlation coefficient, r 0.9647177563 0.965 Least square regression line of y on x is y 6.84992649 0.0071895151x i.e. y 6.85 0.00719 x When x 20 C , y 6.71 This estimate is reliable as x 20 C is within the range of data given and the correlation coefficient is close to 1 . The equation obtained in (ii) can be used to estimate the temperature when given the pH of skimmed milk because: a) temperature, x , is the only independent variable, b) the linear correlation coefficient, r , is close to 1 .
