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    Languages in The Caucasus (Schulze)

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    Ricardo Ventosinos
    This document provides an overview of the languages spoken in the Caucasus region, including both indigenous languages and languages introduced by later migrations. It lists over 80 languages grouped by families and includes information on dialects. The overview covers the different branches of the indigenous Northwestern, Northeastern and Southern Caucasian language families.

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    Languages in The Caucasus (Schulze)

    Uploaded by

    Ricardo Ventosinos
    115 views7 pages
    This document provides an overview of the languages spoken in the Caucasus region, including both indigenous languages and languages introduced by later migrations. It lists over 80 languages grouped by families and includes information on dialects. The overview covers the different branches of the indigenous Northwestern, Northeastern and Southern Caucasian language families.

    Original Description:

    Languages in the caucasus Schultze

    Original Title

    Languages in the Caucasus (Schulze)

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    This document provides an overview of the languages spoken in the Caucasus region, including both indigenous languages and languages introduced by later migrations. It lists over 80 languages grouped by families and includes information on dialects. The overview covers the different branches of the indigenous Northwestern, Northeastern and Southern Caucasian language families.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    115 views7 pages

    Languages in The Caucasus (Schulze)

    Uploaded by

    Ricardo Ventosinos
    This document provides an overview of the languages spoken in the Caucasus region, including both indigenous languages and languages introduced by later migrations. It lists over 80 languages grouped by families and includes information on dialects. The overview covers the different branches of the indigenous Northwestern, Northeastern and Southern Caucasian language families.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7
    At a glance
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    The document provides an overview of the various languages spoken in the Caucasus region, grouping them into autochthonous languages and earlier migration languages. It describes the different language families and gives examples of languages within each group.

    The main language families represented are South Caucasian (Kartvelian), West Caucasian, East Caucasian, Indo-European, Turkic, Mongolian, Semitic and Greek.

    Some examples of West Caucasian languages mentioned are Abkhaz, Abaza, Ubykh, Adyghej and Kabardian.

    Languages in the Caucasus

    Autochthonous languages and earlier migration languages Wolfgang Schulze 2009

    1. Overview

    NAME
    Abaza
    Abkhaz
    Adyghej
    Agul
    Akhwakh
    Andi
    Archi
    Armenian
    Awar
    Aysori
    Azeri
    Bats
    Bagwalal
    Balqar
    Bezhta
    Botlikh
    Budukh
    Caucasian Albanian ()
    Chamalal
    Chechen
    Dargi
    Georgian
    Ghoboberi
    Greek
    Hinukh
    Hunzib
    Ingush
    Kabardian
    Kalmyk

    AFFILIATION
    West Caucasian
    West Caucasian
    West Caucasian
    East Caucasian
    East Caucasian
    East Caucasian
    East Caucasian
    Indo-European
    East Caucasian
    Semitic
    Turkic
    East Caucasian
    East Caucasian
    Turkic
    East Caucasian
    East Caucasian
    East Caucasian
    East Caucasian
    East Caucasian
    East Caucasian
    East Caucasian
    South Caucasian
    East Caucasian
    Indo-European
    East Caucasian
    East Caucasian
    East Caucasian
    West Caucasian
    Mongolian

    NAME
    Karachay
    Karata
    Khinalug
    Khwarshi
    Kryts
    Kurmandzhi
    Lak
    Laz
    Lezgi
    Mingrelian
    Nogai
    Old Georgian ()
    Ossetian
    Qumyk
    Russian
    Rutul
    Svan
    Tabasaran
    Tt, Christian
    Tt, Juhudo
    Tt, Muslim
    Tindi
    Tolyshi
    Tsakhur
    Tsez
    Trukhmen/Qarapapaq
    Turkish
    Ubykh ()
    Udi

    AFFILIATION
    Turkic
    East Caucasian
    East Caucasian
    East Caucasian
    East Caucasian
    Indo-European
    East Caucasian
    South Caucasian
    East Caucasian
    South Caucasian
    Turkic
    South Caucasian
    Indo-European
    Turkic
    Indo-European
    East Caucasian
    South Caucasian
    East Caucasian
    Indo-European
    Indo-European
    Indo-European
    East Caucasian
    Indo-European
    East Caucasian
    East Caucasian
    Turkic
    Turkic
    West Caucasian
    East Caucasian

    2. Autochthonous languages

    2.1 South Caucasian (Kartvelian) [Dialects in italics]


    Kartvelian

    Old Georgian

    Svan
    Lentekh: KHeled, KHopur
    Rtskhmelur, Cholor
    Lashkh
    Upper Bal: Ushgul,
    Kala, Ipar, Mestia
    Lenzer, Latal
    Lower Bal: Becho,
    Tskhumar, Etser,
    Chbekh, Lakham, Par

    Laz
    KHopuri
    Vitzur-Arkabuli
    khala
    Atinuri
    Art'aenuri

    Mingrelian
    Zugdidi-Samurzakano: Dzhvari
    Senaki: Martvili-Bandza, Abasha

    Georgian
    Northeast
    Mokhevian
    Mtiulur-Gudamaq'rian
    KHevsurian
    Pavian
    Tuetian
    Central
    Kartlian
    Dzhavakhian
    Meshkhian
    Gurian
    Adzharian
    Imerkhevian

    East
    Ingiloi (Azerb.)
    Fereidan (Iran)
    K'akhetian
    Tianetian
    Northwest
    Imeretian
    Rachian
    Lechkhumian
    Judeo-Georgian

    2.2 West Caucasian [Dialects in italics]


    West Caucasian

    Abkhaz

    Ubykh ()

    Adyghej

    Kabardian

    Coast
    Subeshkh
    KHize
    Wardane

    Abdzekh
    Adamey
    Bzhedgh
    KHatiquay

    West
    Kuban
    Kuban-Zelenchuk
    Central

    Gumian

    Pskha

    Ch'emguy

    Baksan

    Pshu ()

    Sashe

    Mamkhgh

    Malka

    Bzyb (Turkey)

    Mountain

    Meqwesh

    East

    Sadz

    Mountain Ubykh

    Netkhuadzh

    Terek

    Sadzua

    Shapsgh

    Mozdok

    Abadza

    Yedzherquay

    Abkhaz
    Abkhaz
    Abzhui
    Upper Dal ()

    Abaza
    Abaza
    Tapanta
    Ashkhar

    Besleney

    2.3 East Caucasian: General Overview

    East Caucasian

    'Old Type'

    Dargi

    Lak

    Nakh

    'New Type'

    Khinalug

    Lezgian

    Awar

    Andian

    Tsezian

    2.3.1 'Old Type' [Dialects in italics]


    Old Type

    Nakh

    Lezgian

    Samur

    West

    South

    East

    Caucasian Albanian

    Dargi

    Lak Bats

    Akusha
    Urakhi
    Gudben
    Mugden
    Tsudakhar
    Butri
    Kadar
    Meheb
    Sirkhi
    Amukh
    Chirakh
    KHaytaq'
    Kubachi

    Shali
    Mits'qi
    Kumukh
    Arakul
    Bartkhi
    Shad
    Wilkhi
    Kayali
    Ts'uwk'ul

    Ingush
    Ploskost'
    Hajirakh
    Ghalghaj

    Chechen Khinalug Archi Tsakhur Rutul Kryts Budukh Udi


    Akki
    Cheberloj
    Majsti
    Itum-Kale
    Sharo
    Melkhi
    Terloj
    Kisti

    Tsakh
    Gel'mets

    Rutul
    Borch
    KHnov

    Dzhek
    Alyk
    KHaput
    Kryts

    Budukh
    Yergch

    Nizh
    Oghuz
    Zinobiani

    Lezgi Agul
    Kred
    Gne
    Yark'i
    Q'urah
    Gelkhen
    Gilig
    Dokuzp.
    Q'urush
    Dzhaba
    Kuba

    Aghul
    Keren
    Burkikhan
    Koshan
    Fite
    KHpk

    Tabasaran
    Dbek
    KHurik
    KHirq'an
    Chirk'ulan
    Qkhrikin
    Sughkan
    Kirkan
    Arkit
    Q'aluq'an
    Nitriq'an
    Etegan

    2.3.2 'New Type' [Dialects in italics]

    New Type

    Awar Andi Botlikh Ghoboberi Chamalal Bagwalal Tindi Karata Akhwakh Tsez Hinukh Bezhta Hunzib Khwarshi
    KHunzakh
    [Bolmats']
    Batlukh
    Q'ekh
    Andalal
    Antsukh
    Karakh
    Kusur
    Zaqatal

    Up. Andi
    Low. Andi

    Botlikh
    Miarsu

    Gigatl
    Chamalal

    Kwanada
    KHushtada
    Tlissi

    Low. Tindi
    Up. Tindi

    Karata
    Anchiq
    Ratsili
    Inkhelo
    Siukh
    Tokita

    Tsunta
    Tlanub

    Tsez
    Sagada

    Bezhta
    KHosharkhota
    Tladal
    Turk.Bezhta

    KHwarshi
    Inkhokwar

    3. Major (earlier) migration languages

    2. Indo-European
    2.1 Iranian

    2.2 Armenian
    2.3 Slavic
    2.4 Greek

    Ossetian (Northeast)
    Tolyshi (Northwest)
    Kurmandzhi (Northwest)
    Tt (Southwest)

    Russian

    3. Turk:
    3.1 Oghuz

    Muslim
    Juhudo
    Christian

    3.2 Kipchak:

    4. Mongolian
    5. Semitic

    Azeri
    Turkish
    Trukhmen/Qarapapaq
    Qumyk
    Nogai
    Karachay
    Balqar
    Kalmyk
    Aysori

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