Chemical Cleaning
Chemical Cleaning
Chemical Cleaning
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
PROJECT:
2 X 300 MW EMCO Energy Thermal Power Project at Warora
EPC CONTRACT:
ARUDRA ENGINEERS
PRIVATE LTD. Chennai.
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1. PLANT DETAILS
2. BOILER DETAILS
3. INTRODUCTION
4. PREPARATION
5. SEQUENCE OF PROCESS
6. PART- I HOT ALKALI FLUSHING OF BOILER FRONT SYSTEM
7. PART-II BOILER CHEMICAL CLEANING
8. INPUT REQUIREMENT FROM APL/SHUAN
9. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
10. ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE
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1. PLANT DETAILS:
GMR ENERGY LTD: 2 X 300 MW, project is located at Warora,Maharastra.
2. BOILER DETAILS:
SUPPLIER
MCR
TYPE
Generation Capacity
3. INTRODUCTION:
1. The following will constitute brief Technical specifications in connection with Pre
Commissioning chemical cleaning of 2 x 300 MW boiler and pre-boiler system during
Commissioning. Pre boiler system Feed water system and Condensate System) must be
cleaned (Hot Alkali cleaning) before Starting the Boiler chemical cleaning.
2. The aim of Chemical Cleaning is to remove mill scale, oil, paint, preservatives, rust, welding
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process, the internal surfaces of the tubes are passivated by means of protective layer to
prevent further rusting and corrosion.
3. The Main Boiler cleaning circuit consists of the following equipments of the boiler.
Portion of Boiler Feed line
Economizer
Steam Drum
Water Wall Tube
Down Comer and Bottom Header
Super heater is not included in the scope of chemical cleaning.
[Instead, it is flushed and filled up with Ammoniated Hydrazine]
4. The Pre Boiler system and Condensate system circuit consists the following Equipments.
LP PIPING FROM CEP DISCHARGE
LP HEATERS
BFP SUCTION & DISCHARGE
HP HEATERS
4. SEQUENCE OF CIRCUITS:
4.1 ALKALI FLUSHING OF BOILER FRONT SYSTEM:
CC Tank
CC Pump
CEP discharge
Pass
FST Bypass
BFP Suction
and by pass
Feed Control Station
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W/W TUBES
CC TANK
CC PUMP
LEFT SIDE, LEFT-FRONT AND LEFT-REAR W/W LOWER
HEADER
LEFT SIDE, LEFT-FRONT AND LEAF-REAR W/W
DRUM
RIGHT
SIDE, RIGHT-FRONT AND RIGHT-REAR W/W
RIGHT SIDE, RIGHT FRONT AND
RIGHT-REAR W/W LOWER HEADER
BACK TO MAIN PIPE
CC TANK.
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10. Chemical analysis will be carried out during process for the required test results.
11. Adequate DM water, steam and compressed air specified chemicals will be made
available at site.
12. Take trial run of individual circulation pump and check the total System to the shut off
pressure of the pump for any leakages.
13. Chemical cleaning area shall be covered with safety barricade tape.
14. Inhibitor evaluation test will be carried out prior to the chemical cleaning.
15. 2 nos. of Sample tubes 200 mm each cut vertically and it will be kept in steam drum and
the mixing tank.
16. Express laboratory will be set up nearer to the chemical cleaning area.
17. Ensure all Safety Equipment will be kept ready for emergency use.
18. Ensure Lighting Facility in chemical cleaning area
19. Ensure availability of emergency power supply.
5. SEQUENCE OF PROCESS:
1. HOT ALKALI FLUSHING OF BOILER FRONT SYSTEM:
Mass Flushing
Hot Alkali Flushing
DM Rinsing
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Mass Flushing is carried out initially with cold filtered water / DM water. After filling the system,
direct flushing is continued till the effluent water is clear.
4. HOT WATER FLUSHING:
The system is filled up and circulation is established. The temperature of the water is raised by
admitting steam to get around 70oC to 80oC. Circulation is continued for 6-8 hrs, check turbidity
and conductivity of water at inlet and outlet. When the values of turbidity are less than 20 NTU
and conductivity is less than 25 s/cm2 continue the next process without drain.
5. HOT ALKALI FLUSHING / DEGREASING:
Chemicals must be mixed little by little observing the foaming in the mixing tank.
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Chemicals:
Trisodium Phosphate 0.4 0.45%
Di sodium Phosphate 0.10 0.20 %
Non Ionic Wetting Agent - 0.05%
After adding the above chemicals, the temperature of the solution to 70oC to 80oC, which is to be
maintained throughout the process.
Keep the circulation 8 to 10 hrs. The samples are taken out from inlet and outlet at regular
intervals. The same samples are analyzed for TSP, DSP, temperature and pH value. After
getting the steady values at inlet and outlet then drain the complete system.
7. DM WATER RINSING:
Fill up the system with DM water and rinse the system by continuous filling and draining method
circuit-wise by running the pump at the maximum flow rate.
The rinsing is continued till a clear effluent is obtained indicating complete cleaning of the
system. The flushing is terminated once the water is clear and free from alkaline solution for
visual appearance. Besides conductivity measurements at the inlet and outlet points shall be
taken as a guiding factor for termination within reasonably acceptable limits of conductivity
difference.
8. RESTORATION:
After completion of cleaning all temporary system will be removed and restored the permanent
system.
9. UTILITY REQUIREMENTS:
S.No
DESCRIPTION
Utility Requirements
1
2
3
4
5
*************************
REMARKS
770
500
300
200
125
M3/unit
M3/unit
Kw
Kw
Kw
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2.
Chemicals:
Trisodium Phosphate
Di-sodium phosphate
Non Ionic Wetting Agent
- 0.3% 0.4 %
- 0.1% - 0.2%
- 0.05%
Keep the circulation 8 10 hrs. The samples are taken out from inlet and outlet at regular
intervals. The same samples are analyzed for alkalinity and pH value. After getting the steady
values at inlet and outlet, then drain the complete system.
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6. DM WATER RINSING:
Fill up the system with DM water and establish circulation. Rinse the system by continuous
filling and draining method. The rinsing is continued till the pH value is same in I/L and O/L. The
flushing is terminated once the water is clear and free from alkaline solution.
7. INHIBITED ACID PICKLING
After DM water rinse, the DM water is circulated and its temperature increased to 6050 C. Add
the following chemicals one by one.
a. Inhibitor Coronil 213 SPL
- 0.20 0.30%
b. Hydrochloric Acid
- 4.0 4.5 %
c. Sodium Fluoride
- 0.15 %
Circulation is continued for 4-6 hours, during the process total iron and acid strength is checked
in the inlet and outlet sampling points at regular intervals.
Circulation is continued until the steady value is reached at a gap of 30 minutes. At this juncture
the whole solution is completely drained by displacement method using DM water. The drained
acid solution is neutralized using lime and sodium hydroxide, and then discharged to the storm
water drain.
8. DM WATER RINSE:
The boiler is filled up with DM water and keeps circulation for 1 hr then drain completely by
displacement method using DM water. Analyze the pH and Fe. The pH of the circulating solution
should not be allowed to go beyond 4.0 in order to prevent the precipitation of Iron hydroxide,
which may settle down on the cleaned Boiler surfaces.
9. RINSE AND PASSIVATION:
In this process, 0.15 % phosphoric acid and 0.20 % sodium poly phosphate is added in the
system through mixing tank. Raise the temperature to 45 5oC and then re-circulate for 1 2
hours. Then adjust the pH valve to 9.5 10.0 by adding NH3 and then circulate for 4-6 hours.
During this process test for iron is carried out.
10. INSPECTION:
The drum man hole is opened, the exhaust fan / man cooler shall be provided on one side of
steam drum manhole door to avoid sweating.
The internal surfaces visually inspected for uniform protective magnetite layer. All loose debris in
the Steam Drum is cleaned manually. Bottom header shall be flushed with water, to make it free
from loose mucks. Remove all the temporary piping and restore the boiler for second stage
passivation.
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DESCRIPTION
Utility Requirements
1
2
3
4
5
******************
REMARKS
5000 M3/unit
1000 M3/unit
300 Kw
200 Kw
125 Kw
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SAFETY PROCEDURE
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1. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
Alkaline /Acid solution may cause skin burning and its fumes are injurious to eyes. All the safety
precautions must be taken during process.
All operators and workers must use rubber gloves, eyes protecting glasses, apron, gumboots,
masks etc.
Due precautions must be taken while tightening the flanges of temporary piping joints of the
loops during process.
Ensure the availability of first aid box in the site.
No drilling, welding and cutting operations are allowed during the process.
Before the person enters the Steam Drum, its man- hole may be kept opened before 2 hrs and
air may be forced in side the Drum during the period.
2. SAFETY EQUIPMENTS:
S.No
Item
01
02
03
04
05
06
3. EMERGENCY PROVISIONS
Flushing and washing water supplies.
Ample supplies of tepid flushing and washing water supplies shall be provided at all possible
points of discharge, spillage or escape of chemicals.
Adequate provisions shall be made for emergency treatment of the eyes, comprising eye wash
bottles, located conveniently to places where discharge, spillage or escape of chemicals can occur
Safety shower shall be provided.
A suitable first aid treatment room with outside telephone facilities shall be provided within a
reasonable distance of the place where chemicals are being used.
The protective clothing and apparatus required for emergency use shall be made available near
the acid cleaning area.
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accidents
without
An operator posted at the pump, area should be instructed to stop the pumps and properly
isolate the system in the event of emergency. All operators should be well conversant with the
emergency operating instructions
6. General Safety
Test area will be cordoned off and unauthorized persons entry shall be prohibited. Suitable shall
be displayed.
Whenever any inspection is made during the cleaning process, the location should be adequately
ventilated.
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1. INHIBITOR EVALUATION
INHIBITOR:
An inhibitor is a chemical substance, when added in small concentration
effectively decreased the corrosion rate. Pickling Inhibitors used for practical
applications are usually mixtures of various chemicals. Most of the pickling
inhibitors function by forming an absorbed layer on the metal surface. Probably,
no more than a mono layer in thickness which essentially blocks discharge of
HYDROGEN ION and dissolution of metal ions. It should be borne in mind that an
addition of an inhibitor to an acid, the corrosion potential of steel is not altered
although the corrosion rate may be appreciably reduced.
Inhibitor is chosen for a particular solvent and application to provide maximum
protection and minimize substantially the rate of corrosion of parent metal.
Temperature of the bath and time of contact of the metal with the solvent are
decisive factors in the function.
It is therefore essential to test the inhibitor for evaluation prior to its usage
specifically for two functions:
01.
02.
PROCEDURE:
Prepare test coupons in duplicate of the material to be chemically cleaned, for
example carbon steel SA 213 T1 etc. The surface area of each coupon in no case
should be less than 25 sq.cm. It should be polished on all sides. Close to mirror
surface quality and free of sharp edges. There shall be no oxide scale left on the
surface.
The coupon should be degreased with Acetone initially.
Prepare in a container, 400 ml. of the acid bath mixed with inhibitor.
Measure accurately, the surface area of the coupon - A sq.cm.
Weight the acetone cleaned dry coupon - WI mgms.
Prepare acid bath in 400 ml. (Hot 65-70 deg.C.). DM water adding acid solvent
selected to attain required concentration of the acid and 0.3% inhibitor.
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Hang the sample in the bath (nylon rope) well immersed without touching the
container walls. Note the time.
Keep the container in an oven and strictly maintain the temperature at 65 700
C.
Remove the coupon exactly after 60 minutes. Do not touch by hand.
Wash it in hot DM water several times. Acetones dry perfectly.
Cool in a dessicator. Desiccant should be only silica gel.
Weigh the coupon - W2 mgm.
Express corrosion rate mgm/sq.cm./hr.
W1 - W2
----------A
mg./sq.cm.
X-Y
------ x 100%
X
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T.V. x 0.365
5. DETERMINATION OF IRON
Required reagents:
1.
0.05 M EDTA
2.
Chloroacetic acid 10%
3.
Sodium Acetate 10%
4.
Sulphosalicyclic Acid 20%
5.
Potassium Per-sulphate
Procedure:
x
Take 10ml. of aliquot in a clean Erlenmeyer flask.
x
Add 5 to 10 drops of 10% chloroacetic acid solution.
x
Add 5 to 10 drops of 10% sodium acetate solution.
x
Add 5 drops of 20% sulphosalicyclic acid.
x
Add pinch of potasium persulphate
x
Titrate against 0.05 M EDTA
x
End point is red to pale yellow colour.
x
Calculation:
Iron as Fe ppm
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0.3 - 0.4%
4- 4.5 %
0.15 %
DM Water
Inhibitor Coronil 213 Spl
Hydrochloric acid
Sodium Fluoride
DM Water
Phosphoric Acid
Sodium Poly phosphate
Ammonia
Ammonia
Passivation
Trisodium Phosphate,
Di-Sodium phosphate
wetting agent
Alkali flushing
0.15 %
0.2 %
3.5 4.0
9.5-10.0
0.4 %
0.3 %
0.05 %
DM Water
Chemicals
Water flushing
Activities
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TITLE
Concentration
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Check Points
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pH
pH
pH
pH
TSP,
DSP,
pH & Temperature
Visual appearance
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2 hours
circulation
2 hrs
circulation
pH
pH equal to
DM water
Constant
value of Iron
Constant
value of
phosphate
Completion
Criteria
Clear water
30 min.
20 min.
30 min.
20 min.
20 min.
60 min.
10 min.
Sample Duration
DESCRIPTION
Utility Requirements
REMARKS
Note:
*6. Offer Enclosed
*7. Offer Enclosed
DESCRIPTION OF ITEM
QTY
Chemical Mixing Tank (20 M3)
1 No
Motor Pump (2 Pump running, 2 Standby ) (Technical 4 Set
Spec- 150 HP /2900 RPM/300 M3 /hr at 12 Kg/CM2 )
MCC Panel 150 HP
1 Set
C.S. Valves 150 Class With Flange
As required
As required
As required
As required
As required
As required
As required
As required
05
8 Inch
6 Inch
4 Inch
3 Inch
2 Inch
1 Inch
8 Inch NRV
4 Inch NRV
M.S. ERW PIPES
06
8 Inch
6 Inch
4 Inch
3 Inch
2 Inch
1 Inch
Nitrogen Manifold with Regulator.
800 M
150 M
475 M
100 M
200 M
50 M
1 Set
07
6 Nos
08
3 Nos
09
1 Set
10
As required
11
As required
12
Express Laboratory
1 Set
13
14
3 tank