Sundargarh District: Orissa Review (Census Special)

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Orissa Review (Census Special)

SUNDARGARH
DISTRICT

210 35 and 220 32 North latitudes and 830 32


and 850 22 East longitudes.
The two princely states of Gangapur and Bonai,
which constitute the region of Sundargarh had no
alternative but to be wedded together to be a
district. The territory, what is now called
Sundargarh district, formed a part of
Dakshinapatha in ancient times. Kosala was an
important Mahajanapada in northern India of
which Dakshina Kosala was a part of it.
Divergent views are available regarding the origin
of ruling family. Both these ex-states were once
under the suzerainty of Sambalpur, which formed
part of the dominions of the Maratha Rajas of
Nagpur. In 1821, the British Government
cancelled the feudal supremacy of Sambalpur over
these states and a fresh sanad was granted to the
Chiefs. Both these states, for some times, formed
a part of the southwestern frontier agency on its
creation in 1833. Again they were transferred to
the charge of the Commissioner of Chhota Nagpur
in 1854. In 1905 they were also transferred from
the control of the Commissioner of Chhota Nagpur
to that of Orissa and a political agent was
appointed. The ex-states remained under the
control of Political Agent till their merger with
Orissa on 1st January 1948. Since then it has
been subjected to no territorial changes.
Sundargarh district occupies the
northwestern portion of the state and is between
188

The district is bounded on the north by


the Ranchi district of Jharkhand, on the west and
north-west by Raigarh district of Chhatisgarh, on
the south and south-east by Jharsuguda and
Debagarh districts and on the east by the
Singhbhum district of Jharkhand and Kendujhar
district. The district does not form a compact
geographical unit and is extremely irregular in
shape. According to the Surveyor General of
India, the area of the district is 9712 sq. kms.
The geographical area of the district ranks second
position in the state and also ranks 77th position
among the districts of India. As regards the
population, the district occupies sixth position in
the state. The density of population of the district
ranks 18th and 444th position among the districts
of the state and in the country respectively.
The district of Sundargarh is constituted
by thirteen towns including five census towns and
1764 villages spread over 17 C.D blocks. It
has 18 lakhs population of which male constitutes
51.11 percent and females 48.89 percent. The
population growth rate during the last decade of
the twentieth century is 16.26 annually.The area
of the district is 9712 sq.km and thus, population
density works out to be 188. Sex ratio (females
per 1000 males) works out to be 957 considering
the total population of each sex and that for
December - 2010

Orissa Review (Census Special)

population of 0-6 years it is 969 indicating


relatively lower deficit of females at younger
ages. The percentage of population in age group
0-4 years is 9.66 percent and that of age group
5-14 years is 23.72 percent. The population in
the working age group of 15-59 is 59.67 percent
and old age group and age not stated group
together constitute 6.94 percent. The age group
wise distribution provides an idea of dependency
burden and helps in planning of welfare services
and business products. The district has 34.37
percent population enumerated in areas classified
as urban. The major towns are Rourkela (M),
Rourkela Industrial Township (ITS) and
Rajagangapur (M) having 224,987, 206,693 and
about 43,594 in respective order.
The major religions in the district are
Hindu (78.21 percent), Muslim (3.38 percent)
and Christian (16.85 percent) indicating although
Hindu predominance is there Christians are a
major discernible group. The Scheduled Caste
population of the district constitute 8.62 percent
and among them the major caste groups are
Ganda(21.57 percent), Pan Pano (17.57percent)
and Dhoba etc. (7.69 percent). The Scheduled
tribes account for 50.19 percent population of
the district and Oran (27.05 percent) Munda
etc. (21.16 percent) and Kisan (14.56 percent)
are the largest tribal groups in the district.

primary group are 24.32 percent and those having


primary and middle education are 26.28 and
15.51 percent respectively. Total population
classified as workers in the district 5.93 lakhs
which accounts for a work participation rate of
40.36 percent. Of the workers 64.90 percent are
main workers and 35.10 percent are marginal
workers.The total population of the district
belong to about 3 lakh households in the rural
and urban areas of the district .Thus the average
household size is 5 per household. Of the
household 39.1 percent are occupying permanent
houses, 54.6 percent semi-permanent houses &
6.2 % temporary houses. The rural household
are spread over 1723 inhabited villages. Drinking
water is available in 100 percent of the villages
and of this safe drinking water in 99.77 percent.
Electric power supply is available in 70.81 percent
of villages. 42.54 percent have it for domestic
purposes and only 7.66 percent villages have it
for agricultural use. Of the total villages 83.34
percent have primary schools, 30.35 percent
middle schools and 15.67 have secondary/senior
secondary schools. Only 1.33 percent villages
have colleges and 20.02 percent have medical
facility. Post, Telegraph and Telephone facilities
are available in 27.34 percent of villages. Bus
services are available in 28.67 percent of villages.
Paved approach road is existing in 37.09 percent
of villages and 91.93 percent villages have mud
approach roads.

The district has 10.15 lakh literates of


which 6.03 lakhs are males and 4.11 lakhs are
females. The total literacy rate works out to be
64.86 percent, the male literacy rate being 75.34
percent and female rate 53.88 indicates
substantial gender gap in literacy. Statistics on
population reporting attainment of different
educational levels reveal some interesting facets.
Population with Graduate degree and above
constitute 7.35 percent and those indicating no
educational level are only 1.34 percent. The group
reporting Matriculation/Secondary/Diploma as
their level of education are 25.20 percent. Below

The district of Sundargarh remains


undivided even after new districts were formed
in 1993. It has abundant natural resources and
developed as prominent industrial base. It has
substantial population which are backward as
indicated by S.C & S.T. Percentage. Sex
imbalance is an area of concern. The work
participation rate needs improvement keeping in
view the interrelationship industrialisation process
and backward population. The district may
provide an interesting case study for population
and environment and development having
sustained industrialisation for quite some time.

December - 2010

189

Orissa Review (Census Special)

Basic Data Sheet


District Sundargarh (05), Orissa (21)
( Source: Census of India 2001)
Population:
Persons
1,830,673
Males
935,601
Females
895,072
Growth (1991 - 2001)
16.26
Rural
1,201,479
Urban
629,194
Scheduled Caste population
157,745
Percentage to total population
8.62
Literacy and Educational level
Literates
Persons
Males
Females
Literacy rate
Persons
Males
Females
Workers
Total workers
Main workers
Marginal workers
Non-workers

918,903
50.19

64.86
75.34
53.88

738,803
480,134
258,669
1,091,870

Age groups
0 - 4 years
5 - 14 years
15 - 59 years
60 years and above (Incl. A.N.S.)

176,912
434,316
1,092,442
127,003

Scheduled Tribes (Largest three)


34,028
27,715
12,130

1,431,762
308,476
61,873

Important Towns (Largest three)


Population
1.Raurkela (M)
224,987
2.Raurkela Industrial Township (ITS)206,693
3.Rajagangapur (M)
43,594

House Type

Type of house (% of households occupying)


Permanent
39.1
Semi-permanent
54.6
Temporary
6.2

190

Scheduled Tribe population


Percentage to total population

957
969

1,015,485
13,571
246,925
266,849
157,537
255,929
74,647

Religions
(Largest three)
three)
eligions (Largest
1.Hindus
2.Christians
3.Muslims

Sex ratio (females per 1000 males)


Sex ratio (0-6 years)

394,060
5

Educational Level attained


Total
Without level
Below primary
Primary
Middle
Matric/Higher Secondary/Diploma
Graduate and above

1,015,485
603,510
411,975

Scheduled Castes (Largest three)


1.Ganda
2.Pan Pano
3.Dhoba etc.

Number of households
Household size (per household)

1.Oraon
2.Munda etc.
3.Kisan
Amenities and infrastructural facilities
Total inhabited villages

248,538
194,422
133,814

1,723

Amenities available in villages


No. of villages
Drinking water facilities
1,723
Safe Drinking water
1,719
Electricity (Power Supply)
1,220
Electricity (domestic)
733
Electricity (Agriculture)
132
Primary schools
1,436
Middle schools
523
Secondary/Sr Secondary schools
270
Colleges
23
Medical facility
345
Primary Health Centres
61
Primary Health Sub-Centres
308
Post, telegraph and telephone facility
471
Bus services
494
Paved approach road
639
Mud approach road
1,584

December - 2010

Orissa Review (Census Special)

District Highlights
Sundargarh is the 2nd biggest district in terms of size and 6th biggest in terms of population.
Sundargarh is the 3rd urbanized district in the state having about 34.37 per cent of its
population living in urban areas whereas about 14.99 per cent of state's population live in
urban
urban areas.
areas.
In terms of population per sq. km. Sundargarh is 18th densely populated district in the
state.
Sundargarh has 24 th rank in terms of sex ratio in the state.
There are only 41 uninhabited villages in the district whereas 6 villages are having a
population of more than 5000.
Kuanrmunda in Biramitrapur is the most populated village (6,417) in the district.
The economy of the district is mainly dependent upon cultivation. Out of each 100
workers in the district 59 are engaged in agricultural sector.
Lahunipada police station is having the highest number of villages (160) in the district and
Raghunathpali police station is having the lowest number of villages (1) in the district.

December - 2010

191

Orissa Review (Census Special)

A scene from a street play explaining on Census 2011


to school students.

A scene from the Street play-Let us join hands to count everyone.

192

December - 2010

ANALYSIS
AND
USED-SAMPLES

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