General Description Features: Ezbuck™ 3A Simple Buck Regulator
General Description Features: Ezbuck™ 3A Simple Buck Regulator
General Description Features: Ezbuck™ 3A Simple Buck Regulator
General Description
Features
Short-circuit protection
Thermal shutdown
Applications
Cable modems
Telecom/networking/datacom equipment
Typical Application
C7
VIN
C1
22F
VIN
BS
EN
L1
6.8H
AOZ1212
R1
C2, C3
22F
FB
VBIAS
C4
VOUT
LX
COMP
GND
R2
RC
CC
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Page 1 of 18
AOZ1212
Ordering Information
Part Number
Package
Environmental
AOZ1212AI
-40C to +85C
SO-8
AOZ1212DI
-40C to +85C
5 x 4 DFN-8
RoHS Compliant
Green Product
AOS Green Products use reduced levels of Halogens, and are also RoHS compliant.
Please visit www.aosmd.com/web/quality/rohs_compliant.jsp for additional information.
Pin Configuration
LX
VBIAS
LX
BST
VIN
BST
GND
EN
GND
FB
COMP
FB
VIN
VBIAS
VIN
EN
COMP
GND
4
SO-8
DFN-8
(Top View)
Pin Description
Pin Number
Pin Name
Pin Function
LX
PWM output connection to inductor. LX pin needs to be connected externally. Thermal connection
for output stage.
BST
Bootstrap voltage input. High side driver supply. Connected to 0.1F capacitor between BST and
LX.
GND
Ground.
FB
COMP
EN
Enable pin. The enable pin is active HIGH. Connect EN pin to VIN if not used. Do not leave the EN
pin floating.
VIN
Supply voltage input. Range from 4.5V to 27V. When VIN rises above the UVLO threshold the
device starts up. All VIN pins need to be connected externally.
VBIAS
Compensation pin of internal linear regulator. Place put a 1F capacitor between this pin and
ground.
Feedback input. It is regulated to 0.8V. The FB pin is used to determine the PWM output voltage
via a resistor divider between the output and GND.
External loop compensation. Output of internal error amplifier. Connect a series RC network to
GND for control loop compensation.
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Page 2 of 18
AOZ1212
Block Diagram
VIN
+5V
VBIAS
UVLO
& POR
EN
5V LDO
Regulator
OTP
+
ISen
Reference
& Bias
Softstart
BST
ILimit
Q1
+
GM = 200A/V
+
0.8V
EAmp
FB
PWM
Comp
PWM
Control
Logic
LX
COMP
+
0.2V
Frequency
Foldback
Comparator
Q2
370kHz/24kHz
Oscillator
GND
The device is not guaranteed to operate beyond the Recommended Operating Conditions.
Parameter
Supply Voltage (VIN)
Rating
LX to GND
-0.7V to VIN+0.3V
EN to GND
-0.3V to VIN+0.3V
FB to GND
-0.3V to 6V
COMP to GND
BST to GND
VBIAS to GND
-0.3V to 6V
VLX+6V
-0.3V to 6V
+150C
-65C to +150C
2kV
Note:
1. Devices are inherently ESD sensitive, handling precautions are
required. Human body model rating: 1.5k in series with 100pF.
Parameter
30V
Rating
4.5V to 27V
DFN-8
0.8V to 0.85*VIN
-40C to +85C
(JA)(2)
105C/W
53C/W
Note:
2. The value of JA is measured with the device mounted on 1-in2
FR-4 board with 2oz. Copper, in a still air environment with TA =
25C. The value in any given application depends on the user's specific board design.
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Page 3 of 18
AOZ1212
Electrical Characteristics
TA = 25C, VIN = VEN = 12V, VOUT = 3.3V unless otherwise specified(3)
Symbol
VIN
Parameter
Conditions
Supply Voltage
Min.
Typ.
4.5
Max.
Units
27
VIN Rising
VIN Falling
mA
IOFF
VEN = 0V
20
VFB
Feedback Voltage
0.8
0.818
VUVLO
IIN
IFB
4.3
4.1
0.782
Load Regulation
0.5
Line Regulation
0.08
%/V
200
nA
ENABLE
VEN
EN Input Threshold
VHYS
EN Input Hysteresis
IEN
Off Threshold
On Threshold
0.6
2.5
200
V
mV
50
nA
425
kHz
MODULATOR
Frequency
315
DMAX
85
fO
370
DMIN
GVEA
500
V/ V
GEA
200
A / V
PROTECTION
ILIM
Current Limit
4.0
6.0
TJ Rising
TJ Falling
145
100
fSC
VFB = 0V
24
kHz
tSS
ms
70
VEN = 0V, VLX = 0V
100
10
Note:
3. Specification in BOLD indicate an ambient temperature range of -40C to +85C. These specifications are guaranteed by design.
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Page 4 of 18
AOZ1212
Typical Performance Characteristics
Circuit of Figure 1. TA = 25C, VIN = VEN = 24V, VOUT = 3.3V unless otherwise specified.
Vin ripple
0.1V/div
Vo ripple
20mV/div
Vo ripple
20mV/div
IL
1A/div
IL
1A/div
VLX
20V/div
VLX
20V/div
1s/div
1s/div
Vo
2V/div
Vo
2V/div
lL
2A/div
lin
0.5A/div
2ms/div
200s/div
Vo
2V/div
Vo Ripple
200mV/div
lo
1A/div
200s/div
IL
2A/div
2ms/div
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Page 5 of 18
AOZ1212
Efficiency Curves
Efficiency
Efficiency
VIN = 5V
VIN = 12V
100
100
95
95
3.3V OUTPUT
Efficieny (%)
Efficieny (%)
8.0V OUTPUT
90
1.8V OUTPUT
85
80
75
0.2
5.0V OUTPUT
90
3.3V OUTPUT
85
80
0.5 0.8
1.1
1.4 1.7
2.0 2.3
2.6
2.9
3.2
75
0.2
0.5 0.8
1.1
Current (A)
1.4 1.7
2.0 2.3
2.6
2.9
3.2
Current (A)
Efficiency
VIN = 24V
100
95
Efficieny (%)
8.0V OUTPUT
90
5.0V OUTPUT
85
3.3V OUTPUT
80
75
0.2
0.5 0.8
1.1
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2.6
2.9
3.2
Page 6 of 18
AOZ1212
Detailed Description
The AOZ1212 is a current-mode step down regulator
with integrated high side NMOS switch. It operates from
a 4.5V to 27V input voltage range and supplies up to 3A
of load current. The duty cycle can be adjusted from 6%
to 85% allowing a wide range of output voltages. Features include enable control, Power-On Reset, input
under voltage lockout, fixed internal soft-start and thermal shut down.
The AOZ1212 is available in an SO-8 or DFN-8 package.
high-side switch is off. The inductor current is freewheeling through the Schottky diode to the output.
Switching Frequency
The AOZ1212 switching frequency is fixed and set by
an internal oscillator. The switching frequency is set to
370kHz.
R 1
V O = 0.8 1 + -------
R 2
VO (V)
0.8
1.0
R2 (k)
Open
1.2
4.99
10
1.5
10
11.5
Steady-State Operation
1.8
12.7
10.2
2.5
21.5
10
3.3
31.6
10
5.0
52.3
10
Protection Features
The AOZ1212 has multiple protection features to prevent
system circuit damage under abnormal conditions.
Over Current Protection (OCP)
The sensed inductor current signal is also used for over
current protection. Since the AOZ1212 employs peak
current mode control, the COMP pin voltage is proportional to the peak inductor current. The COMP pin voltage is limited to be between 0.4V and 2.5V internally.
The peak inductor current is automatically limited cycle
by cycle.
The cycle-by-cycle current limit threshold is internally set.
When the load current reaches the current limit threshold, the cycle-by-cycle current limit circuit turns off the
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Page 7 of 18
AOZ1212
high side switch immediately to terminate the current
duty cycle. The inductor current stops rising. The cycleby-cycle current limit protection directly limits inductor
peak current. The average inductor current is also limited
due to the limitation on the peak inductor current. When
cycle-by-cycle current limit circuit is triggered, the output
voltage drops as the duty cycle decreases.
VO
VO
I CIN_RMS = I O --------- 1 ---------
V IN
V IN
VO
-------- = m
V IN
The relationship between the input capacitor RMS
current and voltage conversion ratio is calculated and
shown in Figure 2. It can be seen that when VO is half of
VIN, CIN is under the worst current stress. The worst
current stress on CIN is 0.5 x IO.
0.5
0.4
ICIN_RMS(m) 0.3
IO
0.2
0.1
Thermal Protection
Application Information
The basic AOZ1212 application circuit is shown in
Figure 1. Component selection is explained below.
Input Capacitor
The input capacitor (C1 in Figure 1) must be connected to
the VIN pin and GND pin of the AOZ1212 to maintain
steady input voltage and filter out the pulsing input
current. The voltage rating of the input capacitor must be
greater than maximum input voltage + ripple voltage.
The input ripple voltage can be approximated by equation below:
VO VO
IO
0.5
m
VO
VO
I L = ----------- 1 ---------
V IN
fL
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Page 8 of 18
AOZ1212
The peak inductor current is:
I L
I Lpeak = I O + -------2
High inductance gives low inductor ripple current but
requires larger size inductor to avoid saturation. Low
ripple current reduces inductor core losses. It also
reduces RMS current through inductor and switches,
which results in less conduction loss.
When selecting the inductor, make sure it is able to
handle the peak current without saturation even at the
highest operating temperature.
The inductor takes the highest current in a buck circuit.
The conduction loss on inductor needs to be checked for
thermal and efficiency requirements.
Surface mount inductors in different shape and styles are
available from Coilcraft, Elytone and Murata. Shielded
inductors are small and radiate less EMI noise. But they
cost more than unshielded inductors. The choice
depends on EMI requirement, price and size.
Output Capacitor
The output capacitor is selected based on the DC output
voltage rating, output ripple voltage specification and
ripple current rating.
The selected output capacitor must have a higher rated
voltage specification than the maximum desired output
voltage including ripple. De-rating needs to be considered for long term reliability.
Output ripple voltage specification is another important
factor for selecting the output capacitor. In a buck converter circuit, output ripple voltage is determined by
inductor value, switching frequency, output capacitor
value and ESR. It can be calculated by the equation
below:
1
V O = I L ESR CO + -------------------------
8fC
V O = I L ESR CO
For lower output ripple voltage across the entire operating temperature range, X5R or X7R dielectric type of
ceramic, or other low ESR tantalum capacitor or
aluminum electrolytic capacitor may also be used as output capacitors.
In a buck converter, output capacitor current is continuous. The RMS current of output capacitor is decided by
the peak to peak inductor ripple current. It can be calculated by:
I L
I CO_RMS = ---------12
Usually, the ripple current rating of the output capacitor is
a smaller issue because of the low current stress. When
the buck inductor is selected to be very small and inductor ripple current is high, output capacitor could be overstressed.
Schottky Diode Selection
The external freewheeling diode supplies the current to
the inductor when the high side NMOS switch is off. To
reduce the losses due to the forward voltage drop and
recovery of diode, a Schottky diode is recommended.
The maximum reverse voltage rating of the chosen
Schottky diode should be greater than the maximum
input voltage, and the current rating should be greater
than the maximum load current.
Loop Compensation
The AOZ1212 employs peak current mode control for
easy use and fast transient response. Peak current mode
control eliminates the double pole effect of the output
L&C filter. It greatly simplifies the compensation loop
design.
where;
CO is output capacitor value and
ESRCO is the Equivalent Series Resistor of output capacitor.
1
V O = I L -------------------------
8 f C
1
f p1 = ----------------------------------2 C O R L
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Page 9 of 18
AOZ1212
The zero is a ESR zero due to output capacitor and its
ESR. It is can be calculated by:
1
f Z1 = -----------------------------------------------2 C O ESR CO
VO
2 C O
R C = f C ---------- -----------------------------V
G G
where;
FB
EA
CS
where;
G EA
f p2 = ------------------------------------------2 C C G VEA
GEA is the error amplifier transconductance, which is 200 x 10-6
A/V,
GVEA is the error amplifier voltage
1
f Z2 = ----------------------------------2 C C R C
To design the compensation circuit, a target crossover
frequency fC for close loop must be selected. The system
crossover frequency is where the control loop has unity
gain. The crossover frequency is also called the
converter bandwidth. Generally a higher bandwidth
means faster response to load transient. However, the
bandwidth should not be too high due to system stability
concern. When designing the compensation loop,
converter stability under all line and load condition must
be considered.
Usually, it is recommended to set the bandwidth to be
less than 1/10 of switching frequency. It is recommended
to choose a crossover frequency less than 30kHz.
1.5
C C = ----------------------------------2 R C f p1
The equation above can also be simplified to:
where;
f C = 30kHz
VFB is 0.8V,
CO RL
C C = --------------------RC
An easy-to-use application software which helps to
design and simulate the compensation loop can be found
at www.aosmd.com.
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Page 10 of 18
AOZ1212
dissipation of converter circuit can be measured by input
power minus output power.
P total_loss = V IN I IN V O I O
The power dissipation of inductor can be approximately
calculated by output current and DCR of the inductor.
Several layout tips are listed below for the best electric
and thermal performance. Figure 3a and Figure 3b show
layout examples for the AOZ1212A and AOZ1212D
respectively.
1. Do not use thermal relief connection to the VIN and
the GND pin. Pour a maximized copper area to the
GND pin and the VIN pin to help thermal dissipation.
2. Input capacitor should be connected as close as
possible to the VIN and GND pins.
VO
P diode_loss = I O V F 1 ---------
V IN
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Page 11 of 18
R2
Cc
Rc
5 COMP
6 EN
3 GND
7 Vin
2 BST
8 VBIAS
1 LX
C4
Cb
VIN
4 FB
AOZ1210 /2
R1
C1
AOZ1212
L1
Vo
C2
C
2
Rc
COMP
FB
GND
BST
LX
R1
Cc
R2
Vin
VBIAS
Vin
Cb
EN
C4
C1
GND
Vo
L1
C2
C
2
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Page 12 of 18
AOZ1212
Package Dimensions, SO-8
D
Gauge Plane
Seating Plane
0.25
8
L
E1
h x 45
1
7 (4x)
A2 A
0.1
A1
Dimensions in millimeters
2.20
5.74
1.27
0.80
Unit: mm
Symbols
A
Min.
1.35
A1
A2
Dimensions in inches
Max.
1.75
0.25
1.65
Symbols
A
Min.
0.053
Nom.
0.065
Max.
0.069
0.10
1.25
Nom.
1.65
1.50
A1
A2
0.004
0.049
0.059
0.010
0.065
b
c
D
0.31
0.17
4.80
4.90
0.51
0.25
5.00
b
c
D
0.012
0.007
0.189
0.193
0.020
0.010
0.197
E1
e
E
3.80
3.90
4.00
1.27 BSC
0.150
h
L
0.25
0.40
6.00
6.20
0.50
1.27
E1
e
E
h
L
0.010
0.016
0.020
0.050
5.80
0.154 0.157
0.050 BSC
0.228 0.236 0.244
Notes:
1. All dimensions are in millimeters.
2. Dimensions are inclusive of plating
3. Package body sizes exclude mold flash and gate burrs. Mold flash at the non-lead sides should be less than 6 mils.
4. Dimension L is measured in gauge plane.
5. Controlling dimension is millimeter, converted inch dimensions are not necessarily exact.
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Page 13 of 18
AOZ1212
Tape and Reel Dimensions, SO-8
SO-8 Carrier Tape
P1
D1
See Note 3
P2
See Note 5
E1
E2
See Note 3
B0
K0
A0
D0
P0
Feeding Direction
Unit: mm
Package
SO-8
(12mm)
A0
6.40
0.10
B0
5.20
0.10
K0
2.10
0.10
D0
1.60
0.10
D1
1.50
0.10
E
12.00
0.10
SO-8 Reel
E1
1.75
0.10
E2
5.50
0.10
P0
8.00
0.10
P1
4.00
0.10
P2
2.00
0.10
T
0.25
0.10
W1
S
G
N
R
H
W
N
Tape Size Reel Size
M
W
12mm
330
330.00 97.00 13.00
0.10 0.30
0.50
W1
17.40
1.00
H
K
13.00
10.60
+0.50/-0.20
S
2.00
0.50
SO-8 Tape
Leader/Trailer
& Orientation
Trailer Tape
300mm min. or
75 empty pockets
Components Tape
Orientation in Pocket
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Leader Tape
500mm min. or
125 empty pockets
Page 14 of 18
AOZ1212
Package Dimensions, 5x4A DFN-8
e
L3*
L
D
Index Area
(D/2 x E/2)
D/2
E2
L1
L2*
Pin #1 IDA
Option 1
E/2
E
L2*
D3
Chamfer 0.30
D2
BOTTOM VIEW
TOP VIEW
A3
A
Pin #1 IDA
Option 2
Seating
Plane
b
R
BOTTOM VIEW
FRONT VIEW
Dimensions in millimeters
RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN
0.50 Typ.
0.95 Typ.
0.285
0.65
2.25
1.86
1.165
4.20
2.33
0.40
0.285
4.51
Notes:
1. Dimensions and tolerancing conform to ASME Y14.5M-1994.
Symbols
A
Min.
0.70
A3
b
D
0.40
4.90
D2
D3
2.05
1.66
E
E2
e
L
3.90
2.23
L1
L2
L3
R
aaa
Max.
0.80
Dimensions in inches
Symbols
A
Min.
0.028
A3
b
D
0.016
0.190
2.25
1.86
D2
D3
0.080
0.064
4.00
4.10
2.33
2.43
0.95 BSC
0.50
0.55
0.60
E
E2
e
L
0.154
0.088
L1
L2
L3
R
aaa
bbb
ccc
ddd
eee
Nom.
0.75
0.20 Ref.
0.45
0.50
5.00
5.10
2.15
1.76
0.40
0.285 Ref.
0.835 Ref.
0.30 Ref.
0.15
0.10
0.10
0.08
0.05
bbb
ccc
ddd
eee
Nom.
0.30
Max.
0.032
0.008 Ref.
0.018 0.020
0.200 0.201
0.085
0.070
0.089
0.074
0.157 0.161
0.092 0.096
0.037 BSC
0.020 0.022 0.024
0.016
0.011 Ref.
0.033 Ref.
0.012 Ref.
0.006
0.004
0.004
0.003
0.002
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Page 15 of 18
AOZ1212
Tape and Reel Dimensions, 5x4A DFN-8
Tape
R0
20
0.
.40
T
D1
E1
E2
D0
E
B0
Feeding
Direction
K0
P0
A0
UNIT: mm
Package
A0
B0
K0
D0
D1
E1
E2
P0
P1
P2
DFN 5x4
(12 mm)
5.30
0.10
4.30
0.10
1.20
0.10
1.50
Min.
Typ.
1.50
+0.10 / 0
12.00
0.30
1.75
0.10
5.50
0.10
8.00
0.10
4.00
0.20
2.00
0.10
0.30
0.05
Trailer Tape
300mm Min.
Components Tape
Orientation in Pocket
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Leader Tape
500mm Min.
Page 16 of 18
AOZ1212
II
R1
59
Reel
I
R1
6.01
21
R1
27
I
Zoom In
R6
R1
R5
5
W1
III
Zoom In
Tape Size
Reel Size
W1
3-1.8
0.05
12mm
330
330
12.40
+0.3
-4.0
+2.0
-0.0
2.40
0.3
0.5
II
"
A A
N=1002
6
0.2
05
/4
.9
0
.
A
2
3-
3-
3-1
/8"
Zoom In
1.8
6.0
1.8
6.450.05
8.00
6.2
2.20
1.
8.90.1
14 REF
0
90.0
20
0
R1.10
R3.10
2.00
5.0
C
1.8
12 REF
11.90
86
.00
.1
10
41.5 REF
43.00
44.50.1
44.50.1
R3
.95
4.0
6.10
/1
6"
VIEW: C
33
38
40
10.0
RE
F
46.00.1
R0.5
3.3
6.50
R4
8
R1
13.0
17.0
0.00
-0.05
3-
8.00.1
/1
2.00
6.50
0.80
3.00
2.5
1.80
+0.05
6"
8.000.00
10.71
6
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Page 17 of 18
AOZ1212
Part Marking
AOZ1212AI
Z1212AI
FAYWLT
Part Number
AOZ1212DI
Z1212DI
FAYWLT
Part Number
This data sheet contains preliminary data; supplementary data may be published at a later date.
Alpha & Omega Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice.
LIFE SUPPORT POLICY
ALPHA & OMEGA SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL
COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS.
As used herein:
1. Life support devices or systems are devices or
systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into
the body or (b) support or sustain life, and (c) whose
failure to perform when properly used in accordance
with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be
reasonably expected to result in a significant injury of
the user.
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Page 18 of 18