Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 146 views

    Comparison and Classification

    Uploaded by

    slchem
    I. Polymers are classified into four main types: homopolymers, copolymers, cross-linked polymers, and organic/inorganic polymers based on their molecular structure and composition. II. Polymerization can occur through two main mechanisms: addition polymerization which involves unsaturated monomers and is initiated, and condensation polymerization which uses functional group-containing monomers and proceeds in a step-wise manner. III. Plastics are categorized as thermosoftening or thermosetting depending on whether their polymer chains can be reshaped upon heating, with thermosoftening plastics having weaker bonds and thermosetting plastics having a cross-linked three-dimensional structure.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved

    Comparison and Classification

    Uploaded by

    slchem
    146 views4 pages
    I. Polymers are classified into four main types: homopolymers, copolymers, cross-linked polymers, and organic/inorganic polymers based on their molecular structure and composition. II. Polymerization can occur through two main mechanisms: addition polymerization which involves unsaturated monomers and is initiated, and condensation polymerization which uses functional group-containing monomers and proceeds in a step-wise manner. III. Plastics are categorized as thermosoftening or thermosetting depending on whether their polymer chains can be reshaped upon heating, with thermosoftening plastics having weaker bonds and thermosetting plastics having a cross-linked three-dimensional structure.

    Original Description:

    Comparison and Classification

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    I. Polymers are classified into four main types: homopolymers, copolymers, cross-linked polymers, and organic/inorganic polymers based on their molecular structure and composition. II. Polymerization can occur through two main mechanisms: addition polymerization which involves unsaturated monomers and is initiated, and condensation polymerization which uses functional group-containing monomers and proceeds in a step-wise manner. III. Plastics are categorized as thermosoftening or thermosetting depending on whether their polymer chains can be reshaped upon heating, with thermosoftening plastics having weaker bonds and thermosetting plastics having a cross-linked three-dimensional structure.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    146 views4 pages

    Comparison and Classification

    Uploaded by

    slchem
    I. Polymers are classified into four main types: homopolymers, copolymers, cross-linked polymers, and organic/inorganic polymers based on their molecular structure and composition. II. Polymerization can occur through two main mechanisms: addition polymerization which involves unsaturated monomers and is initiated, and condensation polymerization which uses functional group-containing monomers and proceeds in a step-wise manner. III. Plastics are categorized as thermosoftening or thermosetting depending on whether their polymer chains can be reshaped upon heating, with thermosoftening plastics having weaker bonds and thermosetting plastics having a cross-linked three-dimensional structure.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    of 4

    POLYMERS

    CLASSIFICATION OF POLYMERS

    THEORY

    CLASSIFICATION OF POLYMERS
    I] Homopolymers

    II] Copolymers

    They are obtained by a large


    more
    Number of same monomer.

    They are obtain by a two or

    i) Linear Homopolymer
    randomly

    i) Linear copolymer with

    number of different
    monomer.

    joined monomer.
    -AAAAAA-

    ii) Branched Homopolymer


    A
    A

    -A A A A- A A

    -AABABB

    ii) Linear copolymer with


    alternately joined monomer.
    - A B A B A B -

    iii) Linear copolymer with block


    way joined monomer.
    - A A A B B A A A B B-

    III] Cross-linked polymers


    They are obtained by using polyfunctional monomer. It contains a
    large molecule. Hence they are hard, strong, brittle & do not
    soften on heating.
    Trifunctional + Bifunctional --- Cross linked polymer
    Eg. Backlite (O,P dimethylolphenol monomer is used)

    POLYMERS

    CLASSIFICATION OF POLYMERS

    IV] Organic polymers


    The polymer chain consists of
    contain other
    mainly carbon atom.
    Eg. P.V.C, Polyethelene,
    polymer.
    Polyesters, DNA-RNA, etc.

    THEORY

    V] Inorganic polymers
    The polymer chain
    than carbon atom.
    eg. Polysilane, Silicon

    TYPES OF POLYMER
    On the basis of origin polymers have following types.
    i) Natural polymer
    It is obtained
    naturally.

    ii) Synthetic polymer.


    It is obtained by
    synthetically
    (by
    chemical reactions)

    eg. Cellulose,
    acetate,
    Proteins,
    DNA- RNA.
    natural rubber.

    eg. Polyesters, nylons,

    eg. Cellulose

    Phenolformaldehyde.
    Urea formaldehyde.

    Cellulose nitrate,
    Vulcanized

    iii) Semi.
    It is obtained by
    modification of
    natural polymer

    POLYMERS

    CLASSIFICATION OF POLYMERS

    TYPES OF POLYMERIZATION
    Addition polymerization

    Condensation
    polymerization
    In this type we can used In this type monomer must
    unsaturated monomer.
    contain functional group.
    Eg. Ethylene, propylene, Eg. OH, -COOH, -NH2, vinyl
    chloride,
    styrene, COOR, --COCl, etc.
    butadiene, etc.
    For polymerization there is a Catalyst may or may not be
    need of initiator ie. Catalyst. used.
    Eg. Free radical or Ionic
    initiator.
    Reactions involve three Reaction is stepwise (one
    steps.
    step).
    ie.
    Initiation,
    chain i.e. Monomer reacts one by
    propagation
    &
    chain one.
    termination.
    It is exothermic reaction. This reaction is always
    Hence coolant is use as endothermic. Hence there is
    temp controller. However to no need to control the temp.
    trigger the reaction slight Reaction
    requires
    high
    heating is necessary.
    temperature.
    Overall reaction is very Overall reaction is very fast.
    slow.
    There is no formation of There is formation of simple
    byproduct.
    byproduct like H2O, R-OH,
    NaCl, etc.
    Eg.
    Polyethylene, Eg. Amide linkage (-CO-NHpolypropylene, etc.
    ),
    Ester linkage (-CO-O-)
    3

    THEORY

    POLYMERS

    CLASSIFICATION OF POLYMERS

    TYPES OF PLASTICS
    Thermosoftening plastics
    Thermosetting plastics
    They are formed by addition They
    are
    formed
    by
    polymerization.
    condensation
    Eg. Polyethylene, PVC, etc. polymerization.
    Eg. Nylon 66, nylon 6, etc.
    They consist of linear long They
    consists
    three
    chain polymer with limited dimensional
    network
    cross-links.
    structure.
    They consists polymer of They consists polymer of
    smaller molecular weight.
    higher molecular weight.
    They are softened on They do not soften on
    heating. Hence they can be heating. Hence they cannot
    reshaped & reused.
    be reshaped & reused.
    They can be reclaimed from They cannot be reclaimed.
    wastes.
    There inter molecular bonds They are joined by strong
    are weaker.
    covalent bonds.
    They are soft, weak & less They are hard, strong &
    brittle.
    more brittle.
    They are soluble in suitable They are insoluble in
    organic solvents, as their organic solvent, as their
    bonds are weaker.
    bonds are stronger.

    THEORY

    You might also like