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Inverse Function of Given Equation Is: Since Quantity Under Root Should Be Positive Therefore, Positive Domain

This document discusses inverse trigonometric functions. It provides examples of evaluating inverse trigonometric functions and proving some trigonometric identity results involving inverse functions. Specifically, it shows: 1) How to evaluate inverse trigonometric functions like sin-1(1/√2) = π/4. 2) Proofs that cos-1(-x) = π - cos-1(x) and tan-1(-x) = -tan-1(x) through substitution. 3) An example of solving two equations involving inverse trig functions to find the values of the functions.

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Nitin Arora
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163 views19 pages

Inverse Function of Given Equation Is: Since Quantity Under Root Should Be Positive Therefore, Positive Domain

This document discusses inverse trigonometric functions. It provides examples of evaluating inverse trigonometric functions and proving some trigonometric identity results involving inverse functions. Specifically, it shows: 1) How to evaluate inverse trigonometric functions like sin-1(1/√2) = π/4. 2) Proofs that cos-1(-x) = π - cos-1(x) and tan-1(-x) = -tan-1(x) through substitution. 3) An example of solving two equations involving inverse trig functions to find the values of the functions.

Uploaded by

Nitin Arora
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INVERSE FUNCTIONS Lesson #1

y= 4x 2

1.a)

y= 4x 2

Inverse function of given equation is :


Since quantity under root should be positive
2
Therefore, 4x >0

=>

4 x2

2
=> x 4

=>

2 x 2

Positive Domain : 0 x 2
b.

y=x 26 x +9

Inverse function of given quation is :


x> 0

=>

Positive Domain : 0 x
2.

y=

x+ 1
12 x

=> y (12 x )=x +1


=> y2 xy=x +1
=> y1=x+2 xy

y= x +3

=>

x=

y1
1+ 2 y

Replacing x with y
x1
So, y= 1+2 x

b.

y=

is the inverse of the given function.

e 2 x 1
e 2 x +1

Applying componendo and dividendo:


2x

2x

y+1 e 1+e +1
=
y 1 e2 x 1e 2 x 1
2x

y+ 1 2 e
=
y 1 2

2x

y+ 1 e
=
y 1
1

2x

y+ 1 e
=
y 1
1

1
x= ( log ( y +1 ) log ( 1 y))
2

Replacing x with y
1
y= (log ( x +1 ) log ( 1x))
2
2

y=x +2 x +2

c.

y=x +2 x +1+1

x +1

y=
x +1

y1=

y1=x +1
x= y11

Replacing x with y
y= x11

3. Inverse function of y = loge(2x+ 1)


e y =2 x+1
e y 1=2 x
y

e 1
=x
2

Replacing x with y
x

y=

e 1
2

Domain of the function : x


Range of the function : at x =
at x = 0

y=0

y = -0.5

at x =

y=

So Range ( 0.5 , )

4.
a) f(x) =

ex
1+ e x

Since x can take any value without violating any math rules:
So, Domain x
b) f(x) =

ex
x
1+ e

DIfferentiting with respect to x

f(x) =

1+ e x

d x
d
x
x
x
e 1+e 1+e e
dx
dx

1+e

e x1+e x e xe x

1+e x

x
2x
e + e e 2 x

1+e x

ex

DIFFERENTIATION USING INVERSE FUNCTIONS

1.

dy
= y2
dx

Let Suppose ,
3x =

x=

1
y

1
+3
y

Differentiating with respect to y


dx d 1
d
=
( )+ (3)
dy dy y dy
dx 1
= +0
dy y 2
dy dx y 21
= 2
dx dy
y
dy dx
=1
dx dy

Hence Proved

y=

1
3x

dy
= y3
2. dx

x=

Let Suppose ,

y4
+1
4

DIfferentiting with respect to y


dx d y 4
d
= ( )+ (1)
dy dy 4
dy
dx
3
= y +0
dy
dy dx
= y3y 3
dx dy
1

Hence Proved
3.

dy
=2 y +3
dx
2x

18 y=e 27

Let Suppose ,

18 y+ 27=e2 x
2 x =ln ( 18 y +27)

DIfferentiting with respect to y


2

dx d
= ln ( 18 y +27)
dy dy
2

dx
18
=
dy 18 y+27

dx
9
=
dy 18 y +27
dx
1
=
dy 2 y +3
dy dx
31
=2 y+
dx dy
2 y +3
dy dx
=1
dx dy

Hence Proved
Page 4
Examples:
1. Evaluate the following:
a.

1
2

cos1

b.

1
2
2 /3
() =
cos1

c.

d.

sin (

= /3

1
)
/4
2 =

3
2
4 /3
() =
sin 1

1
e. tan 3 = /3

f.

1
tan (
)
3 =
1

5
11
6
6

2. Evaluate the following:

a.

3.

cos ( cos )
6
1

1
)
2

5
6
6

b.

cos(sin1

c.

sin(cos1 (

d.

1
1
sin 1 + cos1
/2
2
2 =

= 1/ 2

3
)) = 1/2
2

1 x
a. Consider the function f(x) = 2 cos 2

i. State the domain and range of f(x)


Solution :
Domain : 2 x 2
Range:- 0 f (x ) 2
ii. Draw the graph of f(x)

b. State the domain and range of


sketch its graph

y=3 sin1 (x2)

and

Solution :
Domain : 1 x 3
Range:-

3
3
f ( x )
2
2

Graph:-

c. State the range of

y=3 tan1 2 x

Solution :
Domain : x
Range:-

f ( x)
2
2

d. State the domain and range of


Solution :

y=x sin x

Domain : 1 x 1

Range:- 0 f (x ) 2

Page 5:
Proving some of these results this is examinable!
x
1
x
1. =sin
1
sin

Let

x
= y
sin 1

x=sin y

i.e sin y=x so that


,i.e

x=sin( y )

Hence

x
x

=y =sin1
sin1

Therefore

x
=sin1 x
sin1

1
1
2. cos (x)= cos x

Let

x
= y
cos1

i.e cos y=x so that

x=cos y=cos ( y) ,i.e

Hence

x
x

= y=cos1
cos1

Therefore

x
1
= cos x
cos1

x=cos ( y)

3.
tan 1

Let

x
= y
1
tan

i.e tan y=x so that

x=tan y

,i.e

x=tan( y)

Hence

x
x

=y =tan1
tan 1

Therefore

x
=tan1 x
tan1

1
1
4. sin x +cos x= 2

Let

x
= y
sin 1

Therefore

then x=sin y=cos ( 2 y)


x

= y
2

cos1

Examples Page 6:
1 5
1 12
1. Show that cos 13 =sin 13

1 5
Suppose cos 13 =x

5
Then cos x= 13
2
2
And sin x+cos x =1

Therefore
x=sin 1

sin x=

12
13

12
13
cos1

Hence,

5
12
=sin1
13
13

2. Show that
Suppose

tan

3
3
tan 1 =sin1
4
5

3
=x
4

3
Then tan x= 4
tan x=

Since

Prependicualar
Base

In Right Angled Triangle


Base 2 + Prependicular2=Hypotenuse 2
Hypotenuse 2=32 +52
Hypotenuse= 25 =5
sin x=

Prependicualar 3
=
Hypotenuse
5

Thus,
x=sin 1

3
4

3
3
tan 1 =sin1
Hence ,
4
5

3.

2
cos( sin1 )
3

2
sin1 =x
Suppose,
3
sin x=

2
3

So, Equation becomes cos x


2
2
And sin x+cos x =1

5
Therefore cos x= 3
2 cos1

4.

cos

2
3

1 2
Suppose, cos 3 =x

cos x=

2
3

So, Equation becomes cos 2 x


2
And cos 2 x=2 cos x1
2

=>

cos 2 x=2(

2
)1
2
3

8
=> cos 2 x= 9 1
1
=> cos 2 x= 9

5.
a.

sin 1 x

cos

1
Suppose, sin x =t

Therefore, x=sin t
So, Equation becomes cos t
2
2
And sin t+cos t=1
2
2
=> cos t=1x
2
=> cos t= 1x

cos

b.

t
4

sin

1 t
Suppose, cos 4 =x

Therefore, 4 =cos x
So, Equation becomes sin x
2
2
And sin x+cos x =1

sin 2 x=1

t
2
4

sin x= 1

t2
16

2 tan 1 x

c. tan

1
Suppose, tan x=t

Therefore, x=tant

So, Equation becomes tan 2 t


And
=>

tan 2 t=
tan 2 t=

2tant
1tan 2 t

2x
1x 2

2 tan 1 x 22 x

d.
sin
1
2
Suppose, tan x 2 x=t

=>

x22 x=tan t

Squaring both sides, we have:


x 22 x =tan2 t

Adding 1 to both sides


2
2
=> (x1) =tan t+ 1
2
2
=> (x1) =sec t

=> x1=sec t
=>

cos t=

1
x1

So, Equation becomes sin 2t


sin 2t=2sin tcost
2
2
And sin t+cos t=1
2
2
=> sin t=1cos t

1
=> sin t= 1 (x1)2

2 t=2 x 22 x
1
x1
=> sin
x1

=>

sin 2t=

2 x 22 x
( x1)2

6.
1

sin x +cos y =
sin

ycos x=

12

7
12

1
1
Suppose, sin x =a , so cos x= 2 a

1
1
Suppose, sin y=b , so cos y= 2 b

Above equation becomes:

b +a=
2
12

7
b +a=
2
12

Adding both sides:


2 a=
a=

8
12

=> b= 4

sin 1 x = = x=sin
3
3

(I)
(II)

sin 1 y= = y =sin
4
4

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