INITIAL ENGLISH TEST

Choose the correct answers. One or more answers

may be correct.

10. There aren't _____ for everybody.

1. She's __________ university teacher.

A. chairs enough
C. enough of chairs

A. a

11. Here are three books. _____like best?

B. an

C. the

D. one

2. I like _________ animals.

A. the B. every

A. Which book do you B. What book do you C.

Which book you D. What book you

C. all

3. If you're looking for ___ place to do bodybuilding,

you'll be happy in a basic gym.

12. There are ___ hotels in this area. Youd better

put up your tent.
A. a little

A. a

B. an

B. enough chairs

C. the

B. a few

C. little

D. few

D. (nothing)
13. They're ___ young to get married.

4. You may find out too late that ___ health clubs
aren't for you.

A. too much B. too

A. a

14. Hes got little money but Ive got the ______

B. an

C. the

D. (nothing)

C. very too

5. Peter is ____ engineer.

A. fewest

A. a

15. I went out without _____ money.

B. an

A. some

6. Who are ______ people over there?

A. that
D. those

B. the

C. these

B. less

C. least

B. any

16. Don't you know ___ good restaurants in

Vancouver ?

7. Whose are ______flowers here ?

A. some

A. that B. the C. these

17. "Would you like to have ___ coffee with your

meal, Sir" asked the waiter?

D. those

8. ______is your phone number?

A. Which

B. What

A. some
C. How

9. Could I have _______ drink?

A. other

B. an other

B. any

18. He's got ____ money.

A. much

C. another

B. any

B. many

C. a lot of

19. I don't have __________ knowledge about the

Internet.
1

A. much

B a lot of

C. many

20. How ___times a day do you brush your teeth?

A. much

B. many

A. his

B. her

C. its

D. their

31.. The plural of car is cars. Which of these are

correct plurals?
A. ladys

B. minuts C. sandwichs D. babies

21. Ann and Peter phone _______ every day.

32. ___(ox) and ___(goose) are animals.
A. them
C. themselves

B. theirself
D. each other

A. oxes , geese
geese

B. oxen, gooses C. oxen,

22. Is Diana _____ ?

A. a friend of yours
friend

B. a your friend C. your

33. We should throw away these old ___ (tooth

brush).
A. teeth brush B. tooth brushes C. teeth brushes

23. We came across a friend of ___ at the mall

yesterday

34. Did you buy two silk ___(scarf) for your sister?

A. ours

A. scarfs

B. us

C. we

B. scarves

24. Despite her parents complaints, she decided to

live by ___ in New York City .

35. My family ______ thinking of moving to

Birmingham .

A. her

A. is

B. herself

25. It belongs to me and my wife, it's ___

A. us

B. our

36. Although he felt very ______, he smiled ______

C. ours

26. Everyone should bring ___ signed receipt.

A. his

B. her

C. his/her

B. yours

C. the yours

28. 'Who's there?' '_____'.

A. It's me

A. angrily, friendly
in a friendly way

B. often have been

38. My mother ____my birthday.

A. always forgets
forgets always

. It is I

B. angry, friendly C. angry;

37. I _____ to America .

A. have often been
C. have been often

27. Is this coat ___________?

A. your

B. are

B. always is forgetting C.

C. I
39. Which of these is/are correct?

29. Whose is this hat? ______

A.more happier B. happier
A. His

B. Hes

C. Its

C. beautifuller

D. Its
40. This is ____ winter for 20 years.

30. Elizabeth is Mr Browns daughter. Mr Brown is

______father.
2

A. the more bad B. worse

D. worst
E. the worst

C. the worse

41. Be Quiet! I can't think ___ if you are talking.

A. clear

B. clearly

A. could

. managed to

C. succeeded to

51. It was crazy to drive like that. You ______ killed

somebody.
A. may have
C. could have

B. might have
D. can have

42. Those chocolates look ___. Can I have one?

A. nice

52. You ________________ be rich to be a success.

Some of the most successful people I know haven't
got a penny to their name.

B. nicely

43. She's much taller ____ me.

A. then

A. cant

B. as

C. than

44. He lives in the same street _____me

A. that
D. than

B. like

C. as

45. _____he gets, _____ .

A. The richer, the more friends he has
more he has friends

B. Richer,

C. Richer, more friends he has

richer, the more he has friends

D. The

C. Can you

47. You ______ worry about it.

A. neednt
C. must not

B. don't must
D. mustn't

54. Yesterday, I ________________ cram all day for

my French final. I didn't get to sleep until after
midnight .
B. had to

C. must

55. The television isn't working. It

________________ damaged during the move.
B. must be

C. must have been

56. I ___ she_____you.

A. 's raining,'s raining B. rains, rains

C. rains, 's raining
D. 's raining, rains

B. used to

B. mustn't

C. Will

57. It _____ again. It _____all the time here in the

winter.

49. That _____ be Roger at the door - it's too early.

A. can't
not

B. Must

A. think, likes
B. am thinking, is liking
C. think, is likingD. am thinking, likes

48. I _____smoke.
A. use to

A. Shall

A. must

B. Do you can

C. shouldnt

53. ________________ we move into the living

room? It's more comfortable in there and there's a
beautiful view of the lake.

A. should

46. _____ help me?

A. Can you to

B. dont have to

C. may

50. At last, after three days, they ______ get to the

top of the mountain.

58. Dont disturb him. He ________ on his thesis

A. is working
C. worked

B. works
D. has worked

59. He is working

A. now B. usually C. always

D. every day

A. are you learning

B. have you learnt
have you been learning

C.

60. This is the first time I _____ a sports car.

A. 've driven

B. 'm driving

C. drive

70. I hear you __________ married. When did the

ceremony take place?

61. I knew that he _____ waiting for somebody.

A. are just

A. is

71. Andrew _______ to see us this evening.

B. was

C. would

B. have just been

62. _____ Gloria last week?

A. will come

A. Have you seen

C. Were you seeing

72. Who ______________ tonight?

B. Did you see

A. comes

B. comes

C. were just

C. is coming

B. will come

C. is coming

63. We met when we ______ in France .

A. studied
C. had studied

B. were studying

64. As soon as she came in I knew I _____her

before.
A. have seen B. saw

C. had seen

73. He __________ his house by the end of the

year.
A. will sell
C. will have sold

B. will be selling
D. is selling

74. At this time tomorrow I ________________

tennis.

65. My eyes ached because I ________ for more

than three hours.

A. will play
C. am playing

A. was reading B. had read

75. By the end of next summer I

_________________ here for 15 years now

C. had been reading

66. He _____ quite different since he _____ married

last year.
A. is, has got
C. is, got

B. has been, has got

D. has been, got

B. will have played

D. will be playing

A. will live
B. will be living
C. will have been living D. will have lived
76. This picture _____ by a friend of my mother's.

67. She's an old friend - I ____ her _____ years.

A. is painting
C. was painting

A. 've known, since

C. 've known, for

77. On her birthday___________

B. know, for
D. know, since

68. _____________ your work yet?

A. Did you do
B. Have you done
C. have you been doing
69. How long ________________ English now?

B. is painted
D. was painted

A. she was given a new car

given to her

B. a new car was

78. We can't use the sports hall yet because

it________
A. is still built
C. is still being built

B. is still building
4

79. War criminals _______to justice in the next few

months.

88. John Hastings,___________, has just come to

live in our street.

A. are brought
C. have brought

A) that I was at school with

at school with

B) I was

C) with who I was at school

whom I was at school

D) with

B. will be brought

80. So far he _________ at Tennis.

A. wasnt beat
B. hasnt been beaten
C. hasnt beaten D. wont be beat

89. The book _____ I was reading yesterday was a

detective story.

81. My wife will be upset_________

A. (nothing / that)
A. I dont get back tomorrow.
back tomorrow.

B. who

C. whose

B. unless I get
90. The girl __________ mother you were talking to
is at the door

82. I _____ you if you _____that again.

A. who
A. hit, say
D. 'll hit, say

B. 'll hit, 'll say

B. whom

C. whose

C. hit, 'll say

91. I'll see you ______ Tuesday afternoon.

83. If you ______ me, I ______ in real trouble last

year.

A. at

B. on

C. in

92. Wed like to see you ____ at the airport..

A. didn't help, would have been
would have been

B. hadn't helped,

C. hadn't helped, would be

would be

D. didn't help,

A. off

84. Its time you___________home, but Id rather

you ________here.
A. go, stay
D. went, stay

B. went, stayed

C. go, stayed

C. would have

D. will have

86. There's the man ______ took your coat.

A. which
C. that

B. who
D. (nothing)

87. She keeps tapping her fingers, ______ gets on

my nerves.
A. which

B. what

93. We're going ______ the opera tomorrow night

A. at

B. (nothing)

C. in

D. to

94. Can you finish the job _____ Friday?

A. till

B. until

C. by

D. for

95. There's a supermarket ______our house.

85. I wish I _____ more time.

A. had B. have

B. of C. away

C. that which

A. in front of

B. opposite

C. facing

96. If you have trouble going to sleep, try

_________a glass of milk before bedtime.
A. drinking

B. to drink

C. drink

97. I went to London _____ clothes

A. for buy
C. for buying

B. for to buy
D. to buy
5

98. You can't live very long without ______

108. Mary: "I bought it three years ago."

A. to eat
C. eating

Jill: "Mary said (that) she had bought it ___ ."

A. in three years B. three years ago C. three
years before

B. eat
D. you eat

99. I enjoy ______ but I wouldn't like ______ it all

my life.
A. to teach, to do
C. to teach, doing

B. teaching, doing
D. teaching, to do

A. on Friday
B. tomorrow
following / next day

100. I look forward ______ you soon.

A. seeing
C. to see

C. the

110. Mary: "I went shopping yesterday."

Jill: "Mary said (that) she had gone shopping
___ ."

B. to seeing

101. The man admitted _________ several watches

from the shop.
A. to take
C. having taken

109. Mary: "I will go downtown tomorrow."

Jill: "Mary said (that) she would go downtown
___ ."

B. taking
D. to have taken

A. yesterday
Saturday

B. the day before

111. Can you _____ ?

102. Would you mind __________ all about it?

A. make me some tea

A. to tell

112. Her eyes ______ a very light blue.

B. telling

C. tell

103. Sorry, I didnt mean ________

A. hurt you

A. have

B. to hurt you

C. hurting you

104. Please excuse _________________.

A. our arriving late
arriving late

B us to arrive late

113. How many brothers and sisters __________?

B. do you have ?

114. Good! ______________ to work tomorrow?

B. feeling tired

A. have you got B. do you have C. are you having

C. feel tired

B. had gone

C. have gone

107. Mary: "I was swimming."

Jill: "Mary said (that) she ___ swimming.
A. has been

C. has

C. we

106. Mary: "I went skiing."

Jill: "Mary said (that) she ___ skiing."
A. went

B. make for me some tea

B. are

A. have you got?

C. are you having?

105. I just cant help _____________

A. to feel tired

C. on

B. had been

C. have been

115. Try _____ be late.

A. not to

B. to not

116. Her parents don't want _____ married.

A. her to get
C. that she get

B. her get
D. they want.

117. Who _______ the window?

A. open

B. opened

C. did opened
6

118. Why ______ ?

A. He doesnt either B. He doesnt neither

C. Neither he does D. He doesnt too.

A. are those men are laughing B. are laughing

those men
C. are those men laughing
119. What _____?

129. I speak Japanese.

A. He does too
B. So he does
does he
D. Him too.

C. So

A. does she want B. does she wants C. she wants

130. Ken doesnt come from London .
120. I didn't _____ he was at home.
A. to think
C. thinking

A. Neither Tom does B. Tom also

isnt coming, too D. Nor does Tom

B. think
D. thought

C. Tom

121. _____ a hole in my sock.

A. There's

B. Theirs

C. Their is

122. This is my friend Joe. I _______ met, have

you?
A. don't think you've B. think you haven't
123. I'm not sure what _______
A. do they want? . do they want. C. they want.
124. The policeman _______ me not to park there.
A. asked B. said

C. told

125. Did John ______________ to drive a car?

A. teach you
B. learn you
you
D. learnt you

C. taught

126. Last Sunday _______thousands of people at

the beach.
A. it was
B. they were
was
D. there were

C. there

127. Who went to Paris ? John _______

A. has

B. did

C. does

D. was

128. She doesnt speak Russian.

REVISION 2
1. We are taking the bus to school.
A. We take the bus to school every day.
B. We are on the bus to school right now.
C. We prefer to take the bus to school.
D. We don't take the bus to school.

9. Describe that car.

A. It is a big, American, black car.
B. It is an American, big, black car.
C. It is a black, American, big car.
D. It is a big, black, American car.

2. Two boys are in the park now.

A. They are playing football.
B. They play football.
C. They do play football.
D. They football play.

10. Peter lives _________ Toronto.

A. at
B. to
C. in
D. of

3. _______ they ________ to school?

A. Are, go
B. Are, going
C. Is, go
D. Do, going

Level 2A Questions
11. My sister works for a travel agency. ________ is
the manager.
A. She
B. Her
C. Hers
D. He

4. Toms father is Peter.

A. Tom is Peter's father.
B. Peter is Tom's father.
C. Tom is a father.
D. Tom doesn't have a father.

12. My mother always asks me to ______ the dishes.

A. do
B. make
C. have
D. help

5. ________ rice do you want?

A. How many
B. How lots
C. How much
D. How lot of

13. My girlfriend ______________ two days ago.

A. call
B. callt
C. calt
D. called

6. Jen and Kim _________ at school now, but they

_________ at school last night.
A. were, were
B. were, are
C. are, weren't
D. aren't, weren't

14. Last Tuesday, my hockey practice ___________

at 5:00 p.m.
A. begun
B. begin
C. began
D. begon

7. Today he _______, but yesterday he _________.

A. is angry, was happy
B. was happy, is sad
C. is bored, were excited
D. was happy, was happy

15. Lisa used to be fat.

A. Lisa is still fat.
B. Lisa was thin before. She is fat now.
C. Lisa was fat before. Now she is thin.
D. Lisa was never fat.

8. ________ three jackets on the chair.

A. There is
B. They are
C. There are
D. That are

16. Peter used to play hockey.

A. He plays hockey every day.
8

B. He played hockey before. Now he doesnt play

hockey.
C. He played hockey before. Now he plays hockey.
D. He is accustomed to playing hockey every day.

B. Ill
C. I am
D. I do
24. What ____ do next year?
A. are you going to
B. will you
C. won't you
D. do you

17. Greg didnt use to smoke.

A. He didnt smoke before. He smokes now.
B. He smoked before. He doesnt smoke now.
C. He smoked before. He smokes now.
D. He didn't smoke before. He doesn't smoke now.

25. There is a big black cloud in the sky. I think it

________________ rain.
A. will
B. is going to
C. won't
D. isn't going to

18. They bought the shoes when they were in

Toronto.
A. They bought the shoes before they went to
Toronto.
B. They bought the shoes after they returned from
Toronto.
C. They wore the shoes in Toronto.
D. They bought the shoes at the same time that they
were in Toronto.

26. My brother is _____ Tom.

A. more tall than
B. taller than
C. tallest
D. as tall than

19. They have _____ apple and _____ banana.

_____ apple is red.
A. a, a, A
B. an, the, The
C. an, a, A
D. an, a, The

27. We went to a fortune teller. She said we

__________ become rich and famous.
A. is going to
B. are going to
C. will
D. both B and C are correct

20. Jodie wore _______ ugly dress to _______ party.

A. an, the
B. a, a
C. a, the
D. the, the

28. I am ____ now.

A. confuseder
B. confused more
C. more confused
D. the most confused

21. Which of the following is a non-count noun?

A. apple
B. banana
C. strawberry
D. fruit

29. Lets meet __ the afternoon, __ 4:00.

A. in, on
B. at, at
C. in, at
D. on, at

22. Larry sometimes cuts _____________ when he

shaves in the morning.
A. he
B. him
C. himself
D. his
Level 2B Questions

30. My brother was born ________ November 16

_____ 1970.
A. on, on
B. on, in
C. in, in
D. in, on

23. The phone is ringing, ____ get it.

A. Im going to

31. Do you _____ to eat peanut butter?

A. like
9

B. enjoy
C. wish
D. seem
Level 3A Questions

_________.
A. too, enough
B. very, enough
C. to, enough
D. very, too

32. John bought a present for his girlfriend.

A. John bought it for her.
B. John bought it for himself.
C.Johns girlfriend bought it.
D. John bought his girlfriend it.

40. Tom was ____ busy to go with us.

A. very
B. too
C. so
D. to

33. Peter and Tom discussed ____at the meeting.

A. to bill clients
B. billing clients
C. both a) and b)
D. neither a) nor b)

41. My soup was delicious.

A. How was your soup?
B. Where was your soup?
C. Why was your soup?
D. How is your soup?

34. My friends enjoy dancing.

A. They enjoy to dance.
B. Dancing is something we enjoy to do.
C. Dancing is fun for them.
D. My friends like to dancing.

42. What were you doing when the spaceship

landed?
A. I slept.
B. I was sleeping.
C. I woke up.
D. I didnt sleep.

35. They decided _____ when they saw the fight

break out.
A. to leave
B. leaving
C. both a) and b)
D. neither a) nor b)

43. Hes very intelligent.

A. What is he like?
B. What does he look like?
C. What does he like?
D. What likes he?

36. She _____ letters while her son ___.

A. was writing , was watching TV
B. wrote, watched TV
C. was writing, watched TV
D. wrote, was watching TV

44. No one answered the door. I guess ___ is home.

There ___ lights on.
A. none, arent no
B. nobody, arent any
C. no one, are none
D. nothing, isnt any

37. Peter would rather have tea than coffee.

A. Peter prefers coffee.
B. Peter has rather a lot of coffee.
C. He would be better not to give Peter tea.
D. Peter likes tea better than coffee.

45. I am very full. I dont want ________.

A. nothing
B. something
C. anything
D. no more

38. Should I turn up the radio?

A. No, its loud enough.
B. Yes, its too loud.
C. Yes, its very loud.
D. No, I cant hear it.

Level 3B Questions
46. They borrowed a book ____________ the library.
A. to
B. from
C. for
D. at

39. Id like to try on a bigger pair of pants, please.

These ones are ________ small. Theyre not big
10

47. Peter has worked at Starbucks for three years.

A. Three years ago, Peter worked at Starbucks.
B. Peter worked for Starbucks for three years and
then quit.
C. Peter works for Starbucks. He started working
there 3 years ago.
D. Peter worked for Starbucks 3 years ago but quit.

C. each one
D. another one
55. Maria has three dictionaries. Two are SpanishEnglish. _____________ one is English-English.
A. Other
B. The other
C. Another
D. Each

48. I dont want to see that movie. I ____ it five times

already.
A. saw
B. have seen
C. seen
D. have been seeing

56. Many students study English in Canada.

____________ study French.
A. Others
B. The others
C. Another one
D. Each one

49. We ___________ Christmas dinner __________

three hours.
A. have been cooking, for
B. have been cooking, since
C. have cooked, for
D. have cooked, since

Level 4A Questions
57. What are these symbols for? Im not sure but
they could be laundry instructions.
A. Joe has no idea if they are laundry instructions.
B. Joe thinks that they might be laundry instructions.
C. Joe is sure that they are not laundry instructions.
D. Joe thinks that they must be laundry instructions.

50. When you dont do your homework you get a

terrible mark.
A. You should not do your homework.
B. You could do your homework.
C. You couldnt do your homework.
D. You had better do your homework.

58. ____ you please close the door?

A. Could
B. Shall
C. Might
D. Do

51. The cake is almost gone.

A. Some of the cake is left.
B. There isnt any cake.
C. A little of the cake has been eaten.
D. Most of the cake is here.

59. That pen must be Susans. She was sitting at the

desk.
A. It must be Susan who has the pen.
B. The pen ought to be Susan.
C. Susan must be the owner of the pen.
D. The pen had better belong to Susan.

52. Almost all of the Canadians that I know like to

watch hockey.
A. Most Canadians watch hockey.
B. Some Canadians watch hockey.
C. All Canadians watch hockey.
D. One Canadian watches hockey.

60. If I have time, Ill go with you.

A. I have time. Ill go with you.
B. I might have time. Ill go with you if I do.
C. I dont have time. I cant go with you.
D. I might have time. I wont go with you.

53. None of the workers were taking a break.

A. Not one of the workers were busy.
B. No workers were working.
C. A few of the workers were not taking a break.
D. All of the workers were working.

61. I could drive there if I had a car.

A. I have a car so Ill drive there.
B. I dont have a car so Ill drive there.
C. I dont have a car but Id drive there if I did.
D. I have a car but I wont drive there.

54. My pen is broken. I need _____ .

A. other one
B. almost one more
11

62. If you let me know when your computer comes, I

______ you connect it.
A. helped
B. will help
C. would help
D. could have helped

B. who live
C. that lives
D. lives

63. Susan likes pizza, _____.

A. and Peter too
B. and Peter neither
C. and Peter does, too
D. and Peter does, neither
64. Youve eaten sushi before, _____?
A. didn't you
B. did you
C. haven't you
D. won't you
65. They didnt pick up the tickets, ___?
A. did they
B. don't they
C. didn't they
D. do they
66. I have a friend _________ loves to ski.
A. who
B. whom
C. whose
D. which
67. The girl __________ I like is very funny.
A. who
B. whom
C. whose
D. which
68. Have you read the book __I gave you?
A. where
B. when
C. which
D. who
60. The dinner made me feel sick.
A. The dinner which I ate made me feel sick.
B. The dinner that I ate made me feel sick.
C. The dinner I ate made me feel sick.
D. All of the above.
70. I know the women ________ next door.
A. who lives
12

REPORTED SPEECH review

1. Treceti urmatoarele afirmatii de la vorbirea directa la vorbirea indirecta (verbul introductiv este la trecut):
Model:
He said "I will leave for London tomorrow".
He said (that) he would leave for London the next day.
1. The weather was fine yesterday.
2. I saw this film a week ago.
3. I will go shopping right now.
4. Last year I spent my holiday at the seaside.
5. I think it's going to rain tomorrow.
6. I don't remember where I have bought this dictionary.
7. I am very busy today.
8. John left for Sinaia two days ago.
9. I went to England two years ago.
10.

I am going to have a nap this afternoon.

11.

If I have enough money, I will buy a car next year.

12.

If I had been at home, I would have answered the phone.

2. Treceti urmatoarele comenzi la vorbirea indirecta (verbul introductiv este la trecut)

Model:
He said: "Come in!"
He told (asked, ordered) me to come in.
1.
Don't drive so fast!
2.
Open the door, please!
3.

Read the text, please!

4.

Write me a letter when you get to England!

5.

Don't cross the street on a red light!

6.

Be careful with my books!

7.

Don't smoke so much!

8.

Take this pill!

9.

Don't interrupt me when I am speaking!

10.

Ring me up when you arrive home!

PASSIVE VOICE review

1. Treceti urmatoarele propozitii la diateza pasiva:
1.
They will finish the work today.
2. He has found your bag.
3. I will invite my friend to a party.
4. Someone has found the missing child.
5. A specialist will repair my TV set.
6. His coworkers must do something for him.
7. People play football all over the world.
8. The noise frightened me.
9. They are building a new house round the corner.
10.

They were building a new supermarket in that district last month, when I passed by.

2. Treceti urmatoarele propozitii la diateza pasiva in doua feluri, transformnd att complementul direct ct si cel
indirect in subiecte:
1.
The doctor prescribed some pills to the patient.
2. They have given me a nice present.
3. The policeman will show us the way.
4. I teach them English.
5. I have lent John two of my books.
6. The jury awarded the Romanian film director the Great Prize.
7. The guide showed the museum to the tourists.
8. They will give me a reward.
9. My friend doesn't always tell me the truth.
10.

The teacher asked me a difficult question.

3. Treceti urmatoarele propozitii la diateza pasiva:

1.
Has someone repaired the TV set?
2. Will you write the letter in ink?
3. Haven't they told you to be here at 6 o'clock?
4. Did the tornado frighten you?
5. Will someone tell him the details?

6. Have you fed the dog?

7. Did the sight of the accident shock him?
8. Did they tell you about the meeting?
9. Do you think they will turn down your request?
10.

Would you have finished your work sooner if your colleagues hadn't interrupted you?

4. Treceti urmatoarele propozitii de la diateza pasiva la diateza activa. Gasiti subiecte acolo unde este necesar:
1.
This book will soon be forgotten.
2. These books mustn't be taken away.
3. English is spoken all over the world.
4. This painting is admired by all the visitors of the museum.
5. This house has been built out of stone and cement.
6. A reception was held in his honour.
7. The pupils will be told where to sit.
8. I was recommended a very good doctor.
9. The climber was finally discovered by the rescue party.
10.

He hates being made fun of.

5/. Traduceti in limba engleza:

1.
In acest hotel se vorbesc limbi straine.
2. Ni s-a cerut sa aratam pasapoartele.
3. Ni s-au spus lucruri foarte interesante la conferinta.
4. Evenimentul a fost comentat de toate ziarele.
5. Scrisoarea va fi pusa la posta ct mai curnd posibil.
6. Nu s-a auzit nimic despre el de cnd a plecat la Constanta.
7. Aceasta informatie treuie tratata confidential.
8. Sensurile cuvintelor noi trebuie cautate in dictionar.
9. Cnd a ajuns acasa si-a dat seama ca I se furase portofelul.
10.

Cursul profesorului a fost ascultat de toti studentii.

11.

Ni se vor da instructiuni detaliate in privinta referatului.

12.

Se construiesc multe blocuri noi in cartierul nostru.

13.

Muzeul a fost inchis pentru reparatii.

14.

Acest timbru nu a fost bine lipit pe plic.

15.

America a fost descoperita la sfrsitul secolului al XV-lea.

CONDITIONAL CLAUSE - review

Tradu partea A i continu, formulnd enunuri proprii, partea B:
A.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.

Dac s-ar simi deprimat, ar iei la o plimbare prelungit.

dac ai ceva timp liber, treci pe la mine s mai discutm.
Dac nu ar fi avut vitez mare, nu ar fi fcut accidentul de ieri.
Dac ne scrie astzi, mine va primi rspunsul.
N-ai fi fcut nici un progres dac nu ai fi nvat mult.
Dac plec pe munte, mi iau bocanci speciali.
Dac l vd, l voi avertiza s nu spun nimic.
Nu ai fi ajuns acas naintea lsrii ntunericului dac nu ai fi plecat de acolo la ora 3.
Dac nu i-ar plcea spectacolul ai pleca nainte de final.
Nu-mi cnt dac nu l rog.
Mi-ar fi trimis un mesaj de felicitare dac ar fi tiut cnd este ziua mea de natere.
Dac ai fi trimis coletul prin pot, l-a fi primit pn acum, dar nu a ajuns.
Vei vinde casa imediat, dac nu ceri un pre exagerat.
Toat lumea ar fi rs de ea dac ar fi purtat plria aceea caraghioas.
i-ar termina raportul dac nu ar fi obosit.
Nu ar tremura dac nu ar fi att de frig.
A fi mers i eu n excursie dac mi-ai fi spus c pleci.
Nu ar sta acas dac ar fi vreme bun.
John ar lua note mai bune dac ar fi mai atent.
Vom pune cortul destul de repede dac nu bate vntul.

21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.

If you want to read this book

Unless the light improves ..
If I were to win the competition .
If you hadnt offended him .
If you had lost that ticket
If I wanted to do the journey in one day only
I shouldnt be so pleased if you
I wouldnt have been able to find my way
I wouldnt need to wear glasses if
If I saw an accident
If my friend had not come
If gold had not been found in California
If the thief had been caught
If he hadnt made so many mistakes
There would be many accidents if
Many visitors would have been disappointed if
The surprise will be extraordinary if

B.

38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.

The heat will be unbearable if

All the players would not have done their best if
If you dont understand ...
You wouldnt be so tired if
If they were in your place
What would you do if ?
She wouldnt have arrived so late
What will you do if ?
I wont go unless
If you had telephoned earlier
She wouldnt have gone on the trip unless
If he wouldnt have been frightened by the bear
If she spends all the money I gave her

C.
1.Mark the correct verb form:
a.If you dont spend/didnt spend so much money on clothes,you could go on a trip.
b.If I hadnt been so rude,they would like/would have liked me.
c.If I knew/had known your e-mail address I would send you these photos.
d.If he doesnt tell the truth we will/would never speak to him again.
e.What would you do/would you have done if you had been me?
2.Complete each sentence so it means the same as the sentence above it:
a.Joe was ill,so he couldnt come to my party.
Joe would
b.You wont get a good mark unless you study hard.
If you dont.
3.Complete the sentences using the correct form of the verb in brackets:
a.If I were you,I ..(leave) now.
b. He might have won the contest if he.(try) harder.
c. Ill call the police if I ..(hear) a strange noise.
4. Complete the sentences:
a. What.if you were in my shoes?
b.If I see him again,I ..
c. Would you have lent him the money if..?

5.Answer the following question:

What would you do if you won the lottery?

THE PREPOSITION
Ce este o prepozitie?

O prepozitie este un cuvant care leaga substantivul sau pronumele de cuvantul sau grupul de cuvinte care ii sunt
antecedente.
Exemplu: He is walking on the bridge. (El merge pe pod.)
Prepozitia on arata relatia dintre verb phrase-ul is walking si substantivul bridge. Observati ca prepozitia on
vine inaintea substantivului bridge. O prepozitie de obicei vine inaintea substantivului sau pronumelui pe care il
deserveste ca complement. Ocupa pre-pozitia, ceea ce inseamna pozitia de din-nainte. Se numeste prepozitie
deoarece este plasata de obicei in fata unui substantiv sau pronume.
Exemple de prepozitii: about, above, across, after, against, along, among, around, at, before, behind, below, beneath,
beside, between, beyond, by, concerning, down, during, except, for, from, in, inside, into, like, near, of, off, on, over,
post, since, through, throughout, to, toward, under, until, up, upon, with, within, without, underneath

Prepozitii care arata locul: behind, below, beneath, beside, between, beyond, by, in, inside, near,
off, on, over, post, under, upon, within
Exemplu: The water is in the glass. (Apa e in pahar.)
Prepozitii care arata directia: down, from, into, out of, through, to, toward
Exemplu: The girl ran toward her mother. (Fata a alergat catre mama ei.)

Prepozitii care arata timpul: after, at, before, during

Exemplu: She left at three oclock. (Ea a plecat la trei.)

Prepozitii care arata modul: by, like, with

Exemplu: They travel by bus. (Ei circula cu autobuzul.)

Prepozitii care arata legatura: through, by, with

Exemplu: That computer was made by IBM. (Acel calculator a fost facut de IBM.)

Prepozitii care arata asocierea sau sursa: with, of, from

Exemplu: He came with his mother. (El a venit cu mama lui.); They are from another country. (Ei sunt din alta tara.)
Phrasal prepositions
Majoritatea prepozitilor constau intr-un cuvant, dar unele sunt grupuri de cuvinte care merg impreuna.
Exemple: because of, by way of, in care of, in lieu of, in spite of, instead of, on account of, on side of
Fiecare dintre ele sunt considerate o prepozitie.
Exemplu: The Carters drove to Florida by way of Texas. (Familia Carter a mers in Florida prin Texas.)
By way of este folosita pentru a modifica verbul drove, asadar functioneaza ca un adverb.
In care of este folosita in adresarea plicurilor.
Prepositional phrase
Prepositional phrase reprezinta un phrase care incepe cu o prepozitie si se uncheie cu un substantiv sau un
pronume. Cel mai adesea ea se incheie cu un substantiv.
Exemplu: He was a man of the king. (El era omul regelui.)
Totusi ea se poate incheia si cu un pronume.
Exemplu: My children turned against me. (Copiii mei s-au intors impotriva mea.)
O prepositional phrase poate functiona ca adjectiv, spunand mai multe despre un substantiv sau un pronume.
Exemplu: John was a man of wealth. (John era bogat.)
O prepositional phrase poate functiona ca adverb, spunand mai multe despre un verb, un adjectiv sau un alt
adverb.
Exemplu: Go and tell my opinion to the people. (Du-te si spune-mi opinia oamenilor.)
Cateodata o prepositional phrase urmeaza substantivului principal dintr-o propozitie si este o parte a subiectului.

Exemplu: His plan for saving humanity from sickness has developed before our eyes. (Planul lui de a salva
umanitatea de boala s-a dezvoltat in fata ochilor nostri.)
Reguli speciale de folosire a prepozitilor
1. Cand subiectul unei propozitii contine o prepositional phrase, verbul sau verb phrase-ul trebuie sa fie in acord
cu substantivul principal, nu cu substantivul din prepositional phrase.
Exemplu: The girl with the flowers is our granddaughter. (Fata cu florile este nepoata noastra.)
Verbul de legatura is este la singular deoarece este in acord cu substantivul principal girl, nu cu substantivul la
plural flowers.
2. Among este folosit atunci cand ne referim la mai mult de doua persoane, locuri sau lucruri.
Exemplu: I live among people. (Traiesc printre oameni.)
3. Between este folosit cand ne referim la doua persoane, locuri sau lucruri.
Exemplu: The relationship between Mary and her father was ruined by her husband. (Relatia dintre Maria si tatal ei a
fost ruinata de sotul ei.)
4. Nu adaugati prepozitii care nu sunt necesare la sfarsitul propozitilor.
Exemplu: Este incorect sa intrebam: Where are the people at? Corect este sa spunem: Where are the people? (Unde
sunt oamenii?)
5. Beside inseamna next to (langa).
Exemplu: They buried him in the cave beside his beloved wife. (Ei l-au ingropat in pestera, langa preaiubita sa sotie.)
6. Besides inseamna except (exceptand) sau in addition to (pe langa).
Exemplu: There was no food in the wilderness besides coconuts. (Nu era mancare in salbaticie, in afara de nuci de
cocos.

PRACTICE
A. Fill in the right preposition into the gaps.

1.

Currently many countries in the world are

2.

He grew up

3.

He lived there

4.

How many kilometers are there

5.

I came

6.

I know it was not an accident. You did it

7.

I really enjoyed the party. All

8.

I will be back again on Monday. I should be all right again

9.

It is only

10.

One of the policemen was killed

11.

Rewrite the important parts of the letter

12.

She hates being late. She is always

13.

The brittish railway workers have been

14.

war.

drug addicts. No wonder he became one.

1950 to 1980.
Paris and London?

vain.
purpose.
all it was a successful one.
then.

you and me. Keep it confidential.

a knife.
bold, will you?
time.
strike for two weeks now.

They were
born.

themselves with joy when they heard the baby had been

15.

We did not arrive

time to say goodbye. They had already left.

16.

When you are

17.

Which of her books have you got,

18.

Who did you buy it

doubt do not hesitate to contact me.

this one?
?

19.

how long have you been here?

20.

when have you lived in this town?

B. Choose the right preposition

1. There is an explanation of photosynthesis _____
Chapter 11.

at
in

at

on

in

to

on
to
2. The answers to the problems are _____ page
227.

3. You have to be _____ least 18 to vote.

at
in

on
to
4. When did the U.S. send the first men _____ the
moon?
at
in
on
to
5. _____ times I feel like quitting.

13. The guest lecturer talked _____ economic

development.
to
on
with

14. The professor wrote several comments _____

my paper.
in

at

on

in

about

on
to
6. Did you see ____ Professor Thompson today?
at
to
with

7. Yes, I asked him _____ the chemistry problem I

didn't understand, and he explained it to me.
about
for
of

8. Yes, I asked him _____ the homework I missed

when I was absent, and he gave it to me.
about
for
of

9. Excuse me, sir. May I ask _____ you a question?

at
for
to

10. Billy, where have you been? You're covered

_____ mud!
on
with
for
to
11. Are you going to the meeting _____ Friday?
at
in
on
to
12. Are you going to the Padres game _____ this
Friday?
at
in
on

to
15. The professor made several comments _____
my ideas.
in
on
about
to
16. The search _____ the source of the Nile took
many years.
for
from
by

17. The class discussed _____ Rousseau's social

contract yesterday.
to
with
about

18. Does the candidate have a plan _____ balancing

the budget?
about
for
to
on
19. Do you plan _____ speaking at the meeting?
about
for
to
on
20. He wants more help _____ the U.S. to combat
terrorism.
by
for
from
on
21. Seven people were severely injured in the
accident, according _____ doctors.
by
to
with

into

22. I need more time to study; I'm not ready _____

the test.

31. People all _____ the world now use the

Internet.

for

among

of

beyond

about

over

within

23. Please look at the chart _____ the middle of the

page.

32. The teacher said she noticed a big improvement

_____ our oral work this term.

at

for

in

in

on

on

to

to

24. I'm not familiar _____ fashion trends in Japan.

33. He was so mad he threw a book _____ me!

by

at

of

for

with

to

25. I'm not aware _____ any opposition to the

proposals.
to

to

for

of
26. Who will look _____ your cat while you're on
vacation?
at

up to

after

36. Dr. Taylor is leaving _____ of the semester.

27. Police are looking _____ the matter.

at the end

about

for the end

for

in the end

in

to the end

into
28. Do you know what features to look _____ when
buying a personal computer?
at

37. We had a lot of problems with our old house.

_____ we decided to sell it.
At the end
For the end

for

In the end

to

To the end

up
Olsen

is

credit

_____

his

for
for to
to

30. Who translated Garca Lorca's poetry _____

English?

in

up at
up on

about

for

35. Mr. Gordon's son really looks _____ him; he

thinks he's great.
up with

for

by

at
for

with

29. Professor
department.

34. I shouted _____ him across the river.

38. I left work late, but I got home _____ time to

watch the beginning of the game.
at
on
in
for
39. _____ first I thought this course would be easy,
but it is becoming quite difficult.
At
On
In
By

40. Dave is very experienced _____ Web design.

to
on

49. Videogames are very efficient _____ enhancing

visual skills.
at

in

in

for

on

41. U.S. trade is very dependent _____ foreign

demand.

for
50. He is very typical _____ his generation.

at

in

on

on

in

of

to
42. I am averse _____ changing our strategy at this
point in the campaign.
at
on
in
to
43. The teacher was unsuccessful _____ changing
the student's mind.
for
on
in
to
44. I'm hopeless _____ mathematics!

by
51. We are all responsible _____ our actions.
for
from
of
by
52. The subjects in the study were divided _____
three groups.
by
on
to
into
53. At the end of trading, the Dow Jones Industrial
Average was up _____ 21 points.

at

by

on

for

in

at

to
45. U.S. citizens do not need a visa to enter _____
Canada.

until
54. Most people now take eating fast food _____
granted.

at

for

in

from

to

of

46. Our company had a 30% increase _____ sales

last year.

by
55. I'm afraid you are not eligible _____ the
scholarship.

in

for

on

from

of

of

by

47. The new bill lacks _____ sufficient support in

the Senate.

56. There are certain limitations inherent _____ that

technology.

in

for

on

in

of

on

48. Many accidents are casued by a lack _____

sleep.
in
on
of

by
57. That item is only available _____ mail order.
for
in
on
by
58. Is the price acceptable ____ you?

for

with

to

59. Minority-owned firms will eventually comprise

_____ the majority of U.S. businesses.

68. Owing _____ unforeseen circumstances, I will

not be able to attend tomorrow.
to

for

with

of

for

to

60. The United States is comprised _____ fifty

states.
for
of
to

61. John wants a salary commensurate _____ his

responsibliities.
for
to
with

62. I am convinced _____ his innocence.

69. His term paper was filled _____ mistakes.

to
with
for
by
70. That company's shares are priced _____ only 12
times earnings.
at
in
on
to
71. Automobile navigation
global positioning satellites.
by

for

for

in

in

with
of
63. The deal is contingent _____ your accepting a
price of $50 a share.

on
72. _____ my opinion, we are going about this all
wrong.
From

with

For

in

In

on

To

to
64. Because he was a newcomer, he was viewed
_____ mistrust.

73. Carob is often used as a substitute _____

chocolate.
by

for

for

with

to

in
by
65. Her illness caused _____ her a lot of pain.
to

of
74. Poor grammar can
effectiveness of your paper.
from

by

of

66. In his new book, Professor Nash devotes only

one paragraph _____ fiscal policy.

By
For
On

67. He is developing ____ a good teacher.

To
76. Professor Taylor will not be available _____ next
Friday.

to

at

in

in

into

the

to

for
with

_____

75. _____ my mind, that is a specious argument.

to
on

detract

for

for

systems rely _____

on

with

77. If I don't finish this assignment, I'm going to be

_____ big trouble.
at

86. The teacher wants us to write _____ a pen.

by
for

in

in

on

with

78. That company's stock split two _____ one.

87. The letter was unsigned and written _____

pencil.

by

by

on

for

for

in

with

on

79. Aspirin helps prevent heart attacks _____ acting

on platelets.

88. An in-depth analysis of a stock must precede

_____ its purchase.

by

by

for

for

from

to

in

80. The ship was traveling _____ full speed when it

collided with an iceberg.
by

89. Some people believe that the Social Security

system should be replaced _____ accounts owned
by individuals.

for

to

at

with
for

on

in

81. I thought I would be retired _____ now.

90. _____ average, the birds have arrived five days

earlier each decade.

by
for

On

at

By

on
82. We talked _____ that case yesterday, Mr.
Wilson.
about
to
with
83. Thank you for confiding _____ me. I will
certainly try to help you.
at
in
B: $200

at
by
for
to
85. I am very pleased _____ the job you are doing,
Miss Perez.

in

by
to

at

for

in

92. A large part of the U.S. economy is subject

_____ competition from foreign labor.

to

at

Through
91. The program is aimed _____ identifying
students who are the most likely to succeed in
college.
at

84. A: How much is a good MD player?

_____ most.

In

in
by
to
93. The twentieth century saw incredible advances
_____ medicine.
at
in
by
to
94. Everybody should have access _____ highquality health care.
at

in

in

on

to

to

98. He is opposed _____ tax cuts.

95. The U. S. has a competitive advantage _____

innovation.

at
for

in

on

on

to

to

99. There was no agreement _____ the type of copy

protection to offer.

with

at
96. His teaching style is consistent _____ his
personality.

for
on

in

to

on

100. In this study, wages have been adjusted _____

inflation.

to
with

by

97. The land was valued _____ $10,000,000.

for

at

in

for

with

C. Prepositions choose the right combination ......................................................................................................

1

He made his escape by jumping ______ a

window and jumping ______ a waiting car.

on
at

over / into

through
between / into
with

out of / between
out of / into
up to / out of

I couldn't get in ______ the door so I had

to climb ______ a window.
through / in

To get to the Marketing department, you

have to go ______ those stairs and then
______ the corridor to the end.

between / into
out of / between

over / into

out of / into

between / into

up / along

out of / between
out of / into

She took the key ______ her pocket and

put it ________ the lock.

up / along
over / into
between / into
3

I saw something about it ______ television.

in

out of / in
by / on

up to / out of

He drove ______ me without stopping and

drove off ______ the centre of town.

up / along

10 The restaurant is ______ the High Street,

______ the cinema.

from / into

through / in

towards / over

out of / in

along / up

under / around

past / towards

in / next to

in / next to

up / along

I took the old card ______ the computer

and put ______ the new one.

11 Sally left school ______ the age of 16 and

went to work ______ a bank.

through / in

through / in

out of / in

out of / in

out of / between

under / around

out of / into

in / next to

up / along

at / in

I went ______ him and asked him the best

way to get ______ town.

12 He jumped ______ the wall and ______ the

garden.

from / into

over / into

towards / over

towards / over

along / up

along / up

by / on

by / on

up to / out of

up to / out of

It's unlucky to walk ______ a ladder in my

culture. I always walk ______ them.

13 He was driving ______ 180 miles per hour

when he crashed ______ the central barrier.

through / in

at / into

out of / in

out of / in

under / around

under / around

out of / into

in / next to

at / in

with
in

14 She ran ______ the corridor and ______

the stairs to the second floor.

into
on

from / into
towards / over

18 He saw a parking space ______ two cars

and drove ______ it.

along / up
by / on

over / into

in / next to

between / into
along / up

15 John is the person standing ______ the

window, ______ the woman with the long
blonde hair.

by / on
up to / out of

at / into
beside / next to

19 Harry comes to work ______ car but I

prefer to come ______ foot.

under / around
at / into

in / next to

beside / next to
at / in
by / on
in / next to
16 When the bull ran ______ me, I jumped
______ the fence.

at / in

from / into
towards / over

20 He took the book ______ the shelf and put

it ______ his bag.

beside / next to
from / into

by / on

at / into
in / next to
beside / next to
by / on
17 Look, that car's ______ fire.
through

in / next to

THATS ALL ON PREPOSITIONS!

THE CONJUNCTION

Tipuri de conjunctii
Sunt trei tipuri de conjunctii:
1. COORDONATOARE
2. SUBORDONATOARE
3. CORELATIVE
CONJUNCTIILE COORDONATOARE
Prepozitiile coordonatoare sunt folosite pentru a lega doua elemente coordonate, aceste elemente sunt reprezentate
de cuvinte sau grupuri de cuvinte de acelasi rang. Cele mai comune conjunctii coordonatoare sunt: and, but, for, nor,
or, so, yet
O conjuctie coordonatoare poate unii cuvinte simple de acelasi rang ca: doua substantive, doua pronume, doua
verbe sau adjective.
Exemple: (Substantive) Mary and Jane went to Brasov. (Maria si Jane au mers la Brasov.); (Verbe) Go and look
carefully if she is in. (Du-te si uita-te cu grija daca ea este inauntru.); (Adjective) He is powerful but loving. (El este
puternic, dar iubitor.)
O conjunctie coordonatoare poate deasemenea lega fraze sau propozitii.
Exemple: (Propozitii) There were no rooms left in the hotel so Mary slept outside. (Nu erau camere in hotel, asa ca
Mary a dormit afara.); (Fraze) You will find a baby, wrappde in clothes and lying in a feeding box. (Tu vei gasi un
copil, infasurat in haine si intins intr-o cutie de mancare.)
Cand o conjunctie coordonatoare leaga doua propozitii simple, se formeaza o propozitie compusa. O propozitie
simpla are doar un subiect si un predicat. O propozitie compusa are cel putin doua din fiecare.
Exemplu: He will come to you and his funny face will make you laugh. (El va veni la tine si fata lui amuzanta te va
face sa razi.)
Aceasta propozitie compusa reprezinta de fapt doua propozitii simple unite de conjunctia and. Cand sunt unite de o
conjunctie, fiecare propozitie simpla devine o propozitie independenta intr-o propozitie compusa.
CONJUNCTIILE SUBORDONATOARE
Conjunctiile subordonatoare sunt folosite pentru a alatura elemente cu rang inegal intr-o propozitie. Aceste elemente
sunt de obicei o propozitie independenta si o propozitie dependenta.
Exemplu: John went to Paris (propozitie independenta) because (conjunctie subordonatoare) he loved the city
(propozitie subordonata). (Ion a mers la Paris deoarece el iubea orasul.
In aceasta propozitie, adverbul because este o conjunctie subordonatoare. Introduce propozitia subordonata
because he loved the city. Aceasta propozitie spune de ce Ion a mers la Paris. O propozitie subordonata spune
cum, pentru cat timp, unde si de ce; asadar este clasificata ca o propozitie adverbiala.
Exemple de conjunctii: after, although, as, as long as, because, before, except, how, if, in, provided, since, that,
though, unless, until, what, when, whenever, where, whereas, wherever, whether, while, whoever, whomever, as
much as, in order that
Dupa cum am mai mentionat o conjunctie subordonatoare introduce o propozitie subordonata.
Exemplu: He became a better person when he met her. (El a devenit o persoana mai buna cand a intalnit-o.) When
he met her, he became a better person. (Cand a intalnit-o a devenit o persoana mai buna.)
In ambele propozitii when este conjunctia subordonata care introduce propozitia when he met her.
Cand o propozitie dependenta (subordonata) vine inainte, este urmata de o virgula.
O propozitie formata dintr-o propozitie independenta plus una sau mai multe propozitii dependente se numeste o
propozitie complexa.

Exemplu: Stay here until I tell you it is safe. (Stai aici pana iti spun eu ca este sigur.)
CONJUNCTIILE CORELATIVE
Conjunctiile corelative sunt conjunctii coordonatoare folosite in perechi.
Exemplu: asas, eitheror, neithernor, bothand, ifthen, not onlybut also
Conjunctiile corelative alatura elemente cu acelasi nume si rang (cum ar fi adjectivele sau substantivele) si intaresc
elementele care sunt unite.
Exemplu: (Adjective) Before Mary and Jane had done either good or bad, they were chosen to be in the same
school. (Inainte ca Maria si Jane sa faca fie bine, fie rau, ele au fost alese sa mearga la aceiasi scoala.);
(Substantive) Both Mary and Jane went up the mountain. (Atat Maria cat si Jane s-au urcat pe munte.)
Mai multe despre conjunctiile adverbiale
Unele adverbe conjunctivale alatura doua propozitii independente. Aceste adverbe se numesc adverbe de legatura.
Adverbele de legatura explica relatia dintre ideile exprimate in doua propozitii independente. Ele pot sugera ca ideea
exprimata in cea de-a doua propozitie rezulta din ideea exprimata in prima propozitie.
Exemplu: He loves and values everyone, therefore, we must not insult or injure him. (El iubeste si pretuieste pe toata
lumea, asadar, noi nu trebuie sa-l insultam sau sa-l ranim.)
Pe de alta parte, adverbele de legatura pot contrasta ideile din doua propozitii.
Exemplu: He had some human weakness: however, he also had a strong faith in his sons. (El avea niste slabiciuni
omenesti: totusi, el avea deasemenea incredere puternica in fiii sai.)
Sau, adverbele de legatura pot arata ca ideea exprimata in cea de-a doua propozitie este continuarea ideii exprimate
in prima propozitie.
Exemplu: He trusted his sons; furthermore, he taught them how to handle life. (El avea incredere in fiii sai; mai mult,
el i-a invatat cum sa se descurce in viata.)
Exemple de adverbe de legatura: accordingly, conversely, also, as a result, however, further, therefore, nevertheless,
furthermore, thus, nonetheless, in addition

PRACTICE
A. Complete the sentences by choosing the best coordinating conjunction for each space - and
or so

but

1. Jaewon was cold, ...................... he put on a coat.

2. Maria tried to read a novel in French, ...................... it was too difficult.
3. To get from Vancouver to Victoria, you can fly, ....................... you can ride the ferry.
4. I bought a bottle of wine, .................... we drank it together.
5. The waiter was not very nice, ...................... the food was delicious.
6. I went to buy a Rolling Stones CD, ........................... the shop didn't have it.
7. Anna needed some money ....................... she took a part-time job.
8. There's so much rain lately! Maybe it's because of El Nino .....................maybe it's just coincidence.
9. Julie has a guitar .............................. she plays it really well.
10. The concert was cancelled, ...................... we went to a nightclub instead.
9 We were getting tired _____ we stopped
for a rest.
B. Fill in the blanks with these words: although,
and, because, but, or, since, so, unless, until,
when.

10 He was angry _____ he heard when

happened.
11 Walk quickly _____ you will be late.

1 Things were different _____ I was young.

12 He had to retire _____ of ill health.

2 I do it _____ I like it.

3 Let us wait here _____ the rain stops.
4 You cannot be a lawyer _____ you have
a law degree.

13 We will go swimming next Sunday _____

it's raining.
14 I heard a noise _____ I turned the light
on.

5 That was years _____ years ago.

15 Would you like a coffee _____ tea?

6 She has not called _____ she left last

16 Do you know _____ she will arrive?

week.
7 I saw him leaving an hour _____ two ago.
8 This is an expensive _____ very useful
book.

17 _____ the car is old it still runs well.

18 Do you want a pen _____ a bit of paper?
20 She will die _____ the doctors operate
immediately.

C. Whats the answer?

1. Do you think this is something ___ can be

successful?
a. who
b. that
c. X (the conjunction can be omitted)

2. Don't go out ___ you've combed your hair.

a. as
b. while
c. until
3. Make sure you close all the windows ___ it
starts to rain.

a. after
b. before
c. for
4. I think I know ___ he failed the FCE exam.
a. why
b. until
c. where
5. ___ I had known how much I would
disappoint him, I woudn't have done it.
a. Whether
b. When
c. If
6. ___ it starts to rain, come inside.
a. As soon as
b. While
c. Whether
7. My friend Racim, ___ lives in Canada, has
an Algerian passport.
a. whose

b. who
c. that
8. It's usually quite simple to cross the border
between the Switzerland and Germany ___
these two countries have friendly relations.
a. yet
b. and
c. because
9. ___ a university professor returns from a
sabbatical leave, he should be better
qualified.
a. Until
b. When
c. Even though
10.She's ___ a stupid woman ___ nobody likes
to be with her.
a. such...that
b. such...as
c. so...that

D. Combine the sentences using the conjunction given in brackets. Do not change the order
of the sentences. Pay attention to the punctuation.

They got married. They had to learn to manage their own home. (after)
1. He went crazy. His wife burnt his breakfast. (when)
2. You can hear what I'm saying. You keep quiet. (if)
3. I won't invite my classmates to a party. I know them well. (until)
4. He arrived home. I had already cleaned the house. (by the time)
5. The first exercise was easy. This one is extremely difficult. (whereas)
6. She's snobbish. People like her. (yet)
7. We're broke. We can't buy anything. (since)
8. He failed. He won't give up his ideals. (even though)
9. He fell asleep. He was watching the film. (while)

E. Find the correct answer

1

You can come to the meeting ______ you

don't say anything.
so that
as long as
while
until
as if
I'm not leaving ______ I get an apology
from you.
so that
as long as
while
until
as if
I came her ______ you could give me an
explanation.
so that
as long as
while
until
as if
Bob is very tall ______ Bill is very short.
so that
as long as
while
until
as if

You look ______ you've seen a ghost.

so that
as long as
while
until
as if

I refuse to pay anything ______ you do

the work properly.
so that
as long as
while
until
as if

I'm going shopping for food this evening

______ I don't have to go at the
weekend.
so that

as long as
while
until
as if
8

You look ______ you haven't eaten for a

week.
so that
as long as
while
until
as if

I came early ______ I could talk to you

privately.
so that
as long as
while
until
as if

10 ______ I don't think she's perfect for the

job, she's certainly better qualified than
Steve.
so that
as long as
while
until
as if
11 I don't mind if you go out for lunch
______ you're back for the meeting at
two.
so that
as long as
while
until
as if
12 Are you OK? You look ______ you have a
problem.
so that
as long as
while
until
as if
13 ______ the job is very interesting, it's
also very badly paid.
so that
as long as

while
until
as if
14 We'll go to the mountains on Saturday
______ it doesn't rain.
so that
as long as
while
until
as if
15 The winters here are very cold ______ the
summers are very hot.
so that
as long as
while
until
as if
16 You can write the report when you want
______ it's ready by the end of the
month.
so that
as long as
while
until
as if
17 It looks ______ the government has got a
lot of problems.
so that
as long as
while
until
as if
18 I want Mary to be in charge ______ I get
back from holiday.
so that
as long as
while
until
as if
19 ______ I don't approve of what you did,
I'm not going to punish you for it.
so that
as long as
while
until
as if
20 I'm learning English ______ I can get a
better job.
so that
as long as
while

until
as if

REVIEW EXERCISES
A PRACTICE 1
I. Fill in the blanks with the right tense of the verb in brackets:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

(hurt) He himself badly last week.

(tell) I you about it tonight.
(meet) We just him.
(play) He the piano now.
(play) He . the piano at this time yesterday.
(stay up) They . late every evening.
(work) They .. .very hard next year.
(get up) She .. early every day.
(see)
I .. a good film two days ago.
(rain) It.. now.

II. Put down the other two forms (the past tense and the past participle) of the following verbs:
1. to be

..

9. to make

2. to have

10. to do

3. to give

11. to take

4. to choose

12. to know

5. to begin

13. to lose

6. to say

14. to forget

7. to see

15. to eat

8. to become

III. Choose the right word:

1. How many have you got
lately?
a. pieces of information
informations

b. information

c.

a. remembered

b. reminded

c. said

4. The cheaper the price, the the quality.

a. bad

b. worse

c. worst

2. The news we have just received .. not

very good.

5. If I had had more many, I a trip to

France.

a. were

a. would have made

have make

b. is

c. are

3. I need to be not to mention anything

about his recent resignation.

b. would make

c. would

6. I would visit you if I more spare time.

a. have

b. had

c. would have

7. If I you again, I will bring you a bunch of

flowers.
a. will see

b. see

c. saw

11. For information consult the director of

the company.
a. further b. farther
12. crises brought about a lot of problems.

8. brought you this present?

a. this

a. Who

13. He published his book last year and this

year hes about to publish a new one.

b. Whose

c. Which

9. This is the . region on earth .

a. dryest

a. last

b. driest c. dryer

10. These turned everybody upside

down.
a. phenomenon
phenomenons

b. phenomena

c.

b. latest

14. John and George traveled abroad. The

went to Spain and the latter to Japan.
a. former

b. first

15. does this every day.

a. he

B PRACTICE 2
I. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Perfect tense:
1. He never (visit) the British Museum .
2. Sheila (enjoy) her visit in New York this year.
3. They (not hear) from Billy recently.
4. The film (already / finish).
5. The speakers (not refer) to that document yet.
6. He (take) the entrance examination at the Polytechnic Institute recently.
7. The engine of the car (just / break) down .
8. It seems that her mind (break) down from overwork.
9. He (never / be) to Italy.
10.Tom (do) many interesting things so far.

II. Rewrite the sentences as indicated :

e.g.

b. these

She has never been at the Zoo before.

b. we

c. I

Its the first time she has been at the Zoo.

1. They have never been to Greece.
2. She has never driven a car before.
3. I have never played computer games.
4. My brother has broken his leg twice.
5. She has flown by plane twice.
6. They have told her twice not to do that.
7. We have never eaten Yorkshire pudding.
8. Susan has never played badminton before.
9. My brother has never worn blue jeans.
10.Ive never seen such a bad TV programme before.

III. Put in for or since :

1. ...... November

7. ...... thirty minutes

2. ...... five years

8. ...... a long time

3. ...... Easter

9. ...... 1992

4. ...... three oclock

10. ......she telephoned

5. ...... Monday

11. ......they arrived home

6. ...... she left university

12. ......ages

IV. Make a new sentence as shown :

e.g.

Ive never been given such nice flowers

Theyre the nicest flowers I have ever been given.

1. He has never travelled by plane before. Its ...

2. Its two years since we last met. We ...
3. We got married ten years ago. We ...
4. Its a long time since Grannie visited us. Grannie ...
5. Its weeks since I last went to the public library. We ...
6. Our friends have never had a birthday party before. Its ...

7. I have never met such an enthusiastic person. She ...

8.She hasnt won a beauty contest before.
9. He has never read such an interesting review.
10.They have never felt so tired before.

V. Read the text below and decide which word or phrase below best fits each space. Circle the letter of option
you choose. The exercise begins with an example (0).
Adrian is a senior in high school in Miami, Florida. His family ... (0) B... to the United States recently... His family ... (1)
... always to make it in the United States. They ... (2) ... in low income neighbourhoods which are made up of AfricanAmericans and Latinos. There are many gangs in the neighbourhood; in fact, almost everyone is in a gang of some sort.
Adrian ... (3) ... rather quiet lately and ... (4) ... to play his cello for hours. His dream ... (5) ... always to become a
classical musician one day.
Every day at school, he feels presure to join a gang. Sometimes guys surround him . He never ... (6) ... American. He
... (7) ... the food and long talks he ... (8) ... with his friends. It seems that he really ... (9) ... any close friends here .

0. A have come

B has come

C had come

1. A have struggled B have been struggling C has struggled

2. A has lived

B has been living

C have lived

3. A have been

B was

C has been

4. A enjoyed

B has enjoyed

C have enjoyed

5. A was

B will be

C has been

6. A feel

B felt

C has felt

7. A missed

B misses

C has missed

8. A has had

B had

C have had

9. A didnt make

B hasnt made

C hadnt made

VI. Identify the grammar and spelling errors in the following text and correct them :
Because we had entered the age of sophisticated and inovative computer technology, we had began to witness a
new genre of crime which were unknown just two decades ago : computer crime. This type of crime can be defining
loosely as unauthorized access, use, change or taking of anothers computer system or files.
Quite often high school or college students intentionally has tried to break into a computer system in order to gain
access to classified or confidentiel files. Corporate and government computer systems are the most popular and
challenging targets for these computer hackers. The number of hackers has increased recently.They have been often
releasing the public information to the public or has tried to alter or destroy a file. Occasionally, a hacker try to embezzle
or steal money.

VII. Circle the right verb tense :

1. Have / has they watered the plants yet ?
2. Did he collect / has he collected his plane ticket yet ?
3. Susan lost / has lost her purse this morning .
4. She didnt see / hasnt seen herrelatives recently.
5. Jane didnt have / hasnt ever had a quarrel with her boyfriend.
6. They did have / have always done their work properly.
7. George is eaten / has already eaten two slices of cake.
8. Mother has drunk / had already drunk three cups of coffee.
9. The car has broken / had broken twice this week.
10.John was / has been late for work three times this month.
VIII. Put a or correct the sentences :
1. Mark drove to Bristol last month to visit his brother.
......
2. I have known an old woman once who had ten cats.
......
3.Susan Sullivan already did four TV interviews about her new exhibition. ......
4. John felt hungry. Then he has remembered the cheese in the fridge.
......
5. We have had enormous problems with our dog recently. ......
6. I have talked to my German teacher yesterday about the term paper. ......
7. They still live in the same cottage they have bought twenty years ago. ......
8. You have not explainde clearly what you want me to do. ......
9. We lived in Paris for three years now and I like it a lot. ......
10. There were three burglaries in our street so far.
......

TOEFL EXERCISES

A. Four words or phrases, labelled 1, 2, 3, and 4, are

given below the conversation. Choose the word or
phrase that will correctly complete the conversation .
1. What year did you _____ university?
graduate
graduate from
graduating
graduating from
2. It seems to be getting worse. You had better
_____ a specialist.
consult
consult to
consult with
consult by
3. Chicago is a large city, _____?
aren't it
doesn't it
won't it
isn't it
4. Don't leave your books near the open fire.
They might easily _____.
catch to fire
catch the fire
catch on fire
catch with fire
5. Do you enjoy _____?
to swim
swimming
swim
to swimming
6. I have trouble _____.
to remember my password
to remembering my password
remember my password
remembering my password
7. Do you have _____ to do today? We could
have a long lunch if not.
many work
much work
many works
much works
8. My brother will _____ for a few nights.
provide us up
provide us in
put us up
put us in
9. When will the meeting _____?
hold on
hold place
take on
take place
10. The board meeting was held _____.
at Tuesday
on Tuesday
with Tuesday
in Tuesday
11. Why don't you _____ us?
go to the house party with
go together the house party with
go the house party with
together the house party with
12. That awful accident occurred _____.
before three weeks
three weeks before
three weeks ago
three weeks past

13. They didn't _____ John's plan?

agree with
agree to
agree
agree about
14. The social worker _____ the two old sisters
who were ill.
called to the house of
called on the house of
called to
called on
15. Tomorrow is Paul's birthday. Let's _____ it.
celebrate
praise
honor
congratulate
16. If you don't understand the text, don't
hesitate _____.
ask a question
asking a question
to ask a question
to asking a question
17. It's snowing. Would you like to _____ on
Saturday or Sunday?
skiing
go to ski
go skiing
go ski
18. Our company didn't pay _____ for that
banner advertisement.
much funds
many funds
many money
much money
19. Do you feel like _____ now?
swimming
to swim
swim
to go swimming
20. Tom was thrilled to be _____ such a
beautiful and interesting lady.
introduced
introduced at
introduced with
introduced to
21. "What happened to them last night? They
look depressed"
"I don't think _____ happened."
nothing
everything
something
anything
22. "It is not very cold. I don't think we need
these big jackets."
"I don't think so, _____."
anyway
neither
either
too
23. "Bill is not doing well in class."
"You must _____, that he is just a beginner
at this level."
keep minding
keep to mind
keep in mind
keeping in mind

24. "Excuse me. Do you know where the bus

terminal is?"
"It is _____ the large police station."
opposite of
opposed to
opposite with
opposite to
25. "Those students will perform the annual
school play."
"Yes, it is _____ for next week."
due
scheduled
time-tabled
put on
B. Four words or phrases, labelled 1, 2, 3, and 4, are
given below the conversation. Choose the word or
phrase that will correctly complete the conversation
1. "You are welcome to order the goods now."
"But payment should be made _____."
for advance
advancing
in advance
to advance
2. "Where do you live now?"
"I live in Utah; my _____."
parents too do
parents do
parents do, too
parents also do
3. I cannot understand my neighbour's accent.
I wish she would _____.
speak clearer
clearer speak
more clearly speak
speak more clearly
4. "Why are you driving so fast?"
"I'm _____."
must be hurry
in hurry
in a hurry
hurrying
5. I have your music CD. I think I _____ your
concert video.
also have
have too
too have
have further
6. I hear you have started a new job. _____
like it?
How do you
How
What you
What do you
7. I really have to go now. I have _____ the
doctor.
appointments to
an appointment to
appointment with
an appointment with
8. I can meet you at Central Station. Will
_____?
convenient for you
that convenient
that be convenient
you be convenient
9. I don't have any results for you today. I

_____ tomorrow.
have any
may have any
have some
may have some
10. I would rather _____ a quiet cup of coffee
in the office than sit in a noisy cafe.
have
to have
prefer
prefer to have
11. "Where _____ last weekend?"
"I went to see my aunt and uncle."
are you go
do you go
have you went
did you go
12. I was very surprised _____ that she didn't
pass the exam."
hearing
to hearing
at hearing
to hear
13. "Why _____ she isn't speaking to us?"
"We must have done something that upset her.
She is just too sensitive."
are you think
are you imagine
do you think
you think
14. I hope that this winter won't be _____
last."
as cold as
so cold as
as cold like
so cold like
15. Sorry to be late. I was delayed by _____."
a heavy traffic
heavy traffic
some heavy traffic
traffic being heavy
16. The sky is getting dark. It _____ rain is on
its way.
looks
looks like
seems to
will be
17. Would you do me a small favour? I _____
very much.
appreciate it
would appreciate
would be appreciative
would appreciate it
18. I am familiar with that product. I don't
know _____ times I've seen it advertised on
TV.
how many
how often
how much
many often
19. "When _____ leaving for Toronto, Canada?"
"We are planning to set out at 10 o'clock."
are we
will we
will us
are us

20. I asked Robert when he could fix my

leaking tap. He said that he would come round
and fix it _____.
as much as possible
as possible as he could
as fast as he could possibly
as soon as possible
21. "Do you know _____ that building is?"
"I would say that it was built at least 100 years
ago."
old
how age
how old
which age
22. The man told us that the next train would
arrive _____.
at three thirty
at three thirty o'clock
in three thirty
in three thirty o'clock
23. "How _____ a crowd had gathered at the
scene of the accident?"
"I don't know exactly, but there were a lot of
shocked onlookers."
large
often
many
much
24. That is the city _____ worst crime record.
on the
in the
with the
for the
25. "Where should I put this key?"
"You can _____ it on the shelf?"
hang
deposit
sit
put

A.

TOEL Practice Test - Structure Exercise

Main Subject
1. It is said he was a man, _________ to have
the vision of an eagle and courage of a lion.
(A) who appeared
(B) he appeared
(C) that appears
(D) and appears
2. Before Johnson & Smith reached great
heights in the business world, ______
encountered many great difficulties in
promoting their theories and methods.
A. they
B. who
C. which
D. and
3. After the discovery of the abandoned
getaway vehicle, ________ believed to be
hiding in the nearby Riverside forest region.
A. that the bank robber is
B. the bank robber who
C. the bank robber is
D. the bank robber who is

4. A gifted scientist, Newton _______ some of

the most fundamental laws in the history of
science.
A. keeps discovering
B. who discovered
C. the discoverer of
D. discovered
5. George Washington once said that _______
have virtue enough to withstand the highest
bidder.
A. few men
B. the few men
C. few are the men
D. the men are few
Adverb Clauses
1. __________ getting the highest result in the
class, John still had problems with the teacher.
(A) Despite of
(B) In spite of
(C) Even though
(D) Nonetheless
2. _______ air is composed of about 78 percent
nitrogen and only about 21 percent oxygen, is a
little known fact on the streets.
A. How that
B. That
C. When
D. However
3. _______ he was seen to be an aggressive
politician, he was a quiet and loving family man
at home.
A. Although
B. Despite
C. In spite of
D. Nevertheless
4. _______ the variable drops by a unit of 1,
the rank drops by X amount.
A. Why
B. Whenever
C. How
D. What
5. This method is widely used _______
algorithm is not only effective but also very
simple.
A. because its
B. because
C. it is because
D. because of its
Adjective Clauses
1. This new service will be available to all users
_______ up for paid membership.
A. that signed
B. that signed it
C. which signed
D. sign
2. That is a story of hardship _______ our own
situation into perspective.
A. puts
B. it puts
C. that it puts
D. that puts
3. John Smith, _______ of economic crimes,
tax evasion and fraud, is being accused of
attempted murder now.
A. of that he was accused

B. that was accused

C. whom he was accused
D. who was accused
4. The process uses an innovative digital
technology __________ the products with as
many colors as the image contains.
(A) imprints
(B) that imprints it
(C) that imprints
(D) that it imprints
5. The police were greatly outnumbered by
rioters, _______ ran into the hundreds.
A. whose figures
B. those figures
C. that its figures
D. its figures that
D. Word Order 2
1. I think Jane deserved to be fired for her
__________ .
(A) totally behavior irresponsible
(B) behavior totally irresponsible
(C) irresponsible totally behavior
(D) totally irresponsible behavior
2. _______ appeared to be coming from the
science lab next door.
A. The pungent unpleasant odor of burning plastic
B. The unpleasant pungent odor of burning plastic
C. The pungent unpleasant odor of plastic burning
D. The unpleasant odor pungent of burning plastic
3. One of Jane's favorite subjects in school is
drama because _______ lots of fun and enjoys
being part of it all.
A. has really she
B. she really has
C. she really is
D. is she really
4. Only after they had completed the analysis
to that degree _______ how to apply
technology to the needs of our enterprise.
A. did they ask to begin
B. did they begin to ask
C. they did begin to ask
D. to ask did they begin
5. The archaeologists were astonished to find
such _______ at that particular site.
A. an incredibly rare beautiful artifact
B. a rare incredibly beautiful artifact
C. a beautiful artifact incredibly rare
D. an incredibly beautiful rare artifact
Noun Clauses
1. We don't know __________ taught us noun
clauses before.
(A) if the teacher has
(B) the teacher has
(C) the teacher hasn't
(D) whether teacher
2. The teacher didn't know _______ .
A. which noun clauses teach
B. which noun clauses to teach
C. why noun clauses to teach
D. when noun clauses to teach
3. Can you please tell me ________ ?
A. what time the next bus arrives
B. what time arrives the next bus
C. when arrives the next bus

D. when arrives the bus

4. The judges had an extremely hard time
deciding _______ .
A. who's painting was the best
B. whose painting was the best
C. painting who was the best
D. the best painting was who
5. _______ is a mystery. I wish that I could ask
him.
A. How did it
B. What he did it
C. How he did it
D. When did it
Main Verb Exercise
1. There is a law in France, which says that
only the family has the right to decide what
_______ or not known about the health of a
patient.
A. must be known
B. must have known
C. must have been known
D. must have been being known
2. A top US disease expert said this week that
killer virus "Bird Flu" was the worlds number
one health threat and should _______ .
A. be took serious
B. be took seriously
C. be taken serious
D. be taken seriously
3. After much criticism, the politician _______
his controversial statement of the previous day.
A. quickly retracted
B. quickly retracted to
C. quickly was retracted
D. quickly has retracted
4. The vague and misleading instructions
_______ in two entirely opposite ways.
A. could been interpreted
B. could be interpret
C. could easily be interpreted
D. could easily interpreted
5. The beginning of the Symbolist movement in
art __________ having begun in the late
1880's.
(A) is regarded as
(B) is regarded
(C) is regarding
(D) regarded as
E. Word Order :
1. _________ explores the nature of guilt and
responsibility and builds to a remarkable
conclusion.
A. The written beautifully novel
B. The beautifully written novel
C. The novel beautifully written
D. The written novel beautifully
2. Over time the young students will perfect the
art of piano playing. After all, such ________
needs delicate handling.
A. a tuned instrument finely
B. an instrument tuned finely
C. a finely instrument tuned
D. a finely tuned instrument
3. Honore de Balzac said "The errors of

________, from their faith in the good, or their

confidence in the true".
A. women spring, almost always
B. almost always, women spring
C. almost women, always spring
D. almost spring, always women
4. In that particular department of the
company, production __________ day and
night.
(A) going often keeps
(B) keeps often going
(C) keeps going often
(D) often keeps going
5. The tenants were asked to throw all
recyclable trash into __________.
A. the green big plastic bag
B. the big plastic green bag
C. the big green plastic bag
D. the green plastic big bag
Verb Forms
1. The causes of gamma-ray bursts throughout
the universe, and how the gamma rays are
actually produced, ________ until recently
remained a mystery.
A. have
B. have been
C. has been
D. has
2. That the legal drinking age ________
lowered is a hot topic for debate in many
states.
A. should have
B. which should
C. should be
D. should
3. Discovery of these ancient anthropic
markings ________ our understanding of how
these early humans interacted with their
environment.
A. has broadened
B. have broadened
C. broaden
D. will have broadened
4. The rivalry between the two communities
stems from ancient times and openly
__________ to this day.
A. persist
B. which persist
C. persists
D. which persists
5. Despite the simplicity of their construction,
the ancient systems ________ exhibit very
complicated behavior.
A. find to
B. found to
C. are found to
D. were found to
The Subject
1. In general, ________ have a professional
obligation to protect confidential sources of
information.
A. which journalists
B. journalists
C. journalists, they
D. journalists that

2. ________ of Elvis Presley is banned in seven

different countries across the world.
A. The music is
B. That the music
C. The music which
D. The music
3. For ________ you who don't know,
"Rainbow" was a credible children's TV show
from the 70's and 80's.
A. those of
B. those in
C. these of
D. these in
4. As was the case throughout the United
States, __________ was subject to higher gas
prices during the winter of 2002-2003.
A. for New York
B. for New York as well
C. New York which
D. New York
5. ________ in history caused as much shock
and grief worldwide as the 2004 tsunami
disaster in Asia.
A. None natural disaster
B. That natural disaster
C. No natural disaster
D. The natural disaster
Prepositional Phrases
1. Surprisingly cost was regarded __________ important
factor in choosing a new cell phone by the three

teenagers.
A as the least
B of the least
C in the least
D to the least
2. Maine's coastline is a major attraction and a vista of
sandy beaches contrasted ________ rockbound
shoreline.
A to the rugged
B by the rugged
C on the rugged
D at the rugged
3. John knows that he had better ________ his algebra
skills before the mid-term exam.
A. brush up on
B. brush on up
C. brushing up on
D. brushing on up
4. The pressure ________ was intense after his team lost
five basketball games in a row.
A. under the coach
B. over the coach
C. of the coach
D. on the coach
5. In __________, the team has begun to show some
form again and has won some big games.
(A) few weeks
(B) few past weeks
(C) the past few weeks
(D) a few weeks since

REVISION 2
I.

Read the text:

British director Danny Boyle's latest film Slumdog Millionaire is an acclaimed feelgood film set in the slums
of Mumbai, India. Slumdog Millionaire tells the rags-to-riches story of an 18-year-old orphan called Jamal who works
as a tea boy in a call centre.
Jamal Malik is a contestant on the Indian version of the popular TV show Who Wants to Be A Millionaire.
He is one question away from winning a 20 million rupee fortune, but the jealous host suspects him of cheating and
calls in the police. They find it hard to believe that a poor, uneducated boy from the slums could know the answers to
such difficult questions. Jamal is arrested and taken to the police station to be interrogated. As the story of Jamal's
life unfolds through flashbacks, we learn about his background and discover how he came to know the answers.
At the heart of the film there is also a touching love story between Jamal and Latika, the woman he has
loved since childhood and who he is now desperately searching for.
The screenplay for Slumdog Millionaire was written by Simon Beaufoy who adapted it from the novel Q & A,
by Indian author Vikas Swarup. Simon Beaufoy also wrote the script for the popular and very successful British
comedy film The Full Monty.
Slumdog Millionaire premiered in the UK and Mumbai in January 2009. Although the film was made on a
shoestring budget of 10 million, ticket sales for the film have been remarkable. According to some estimates, the
film made over 100 million worldwide in the run up to the 2009 American Academy Awards. The film was nominated
for 10 Academy Awards in total and picked up eight Oscars on the night, including Best Film and Best Director.
a. Answer the following questions:

1. Which novel is Slumdog Millionaire based on?

2. Where does the story take place?
3. How much did it cost to make?
4. Who directed Slumdog Millionaire?
5. At the start of the film what is Jamal Maliks job?
6. How many Oscars did Slumdog Millionaire win?
b. True or False:
1. Simon Beaufoy directed The Full Monty.

3. Slumdog Millionaire went straight to video.

2. Slumdog Millionaire is a big-budget film.

4. Slumdog Millionaire is a Bollywood film.

c. Translate the text into Romanian.

II.

Complete the sentences with the definite article ( THE) where necessary:
e.g.
They come from the USA.

In .Britain children start . school when they are four or five.

Shes going by .. plane. .flight takes seven hours.
Do you take milk in tea?
III.
Complete with the past simple or the present perfect simple tense of the verbs :
e.g.
My friens have just arrived ( just / arrive).

He .( never / ride ) a horse.

They .( go ) to Paris on holiday last year.
I ( not see ) Tony yesterday at college.
I ( not drink ) coffee for a long time.

IV. Complete the sentences with the following particles after the verb get or go.
particles may be used more than once:
* away
*down
*over
*through
*back
*on

The prisoners tried to get in a boat.

Ive always got well with my sister.
The children want to go . their song before they sing it for their parents.
Go ..! I dont want to see you again!
I tried to phone you last night but I couldnt get.. .
The temperature went .. ten degrees last week. It was freezing cold.
We decided to go because it started to rain.
Shes still trying to get . her fathers death.

Some

TRANSLATION EXERCISES
Part 1
The Noun. Translate into English paying attention to the genitive case:
1. Strazile orasului nostru sunt largi. 2. Culoarea usilor de la garaj este pre inchisa. 3. Cuierul se afla in holul casei. 4.
Aprobarea comisiei pentru infiintarea clubului a fost primita cu entuziasm. 5. Salariile acestor muncitori au crescut
considerabil. 6. Laboratoarele acestui institut sunt bine ingrijite. 7. Dragostea copiilor ei este cea mai buna
recompensa pentru toate sacrificiile facute. 8. Am facut o plimbare de 20 de minute inaintre de a ne culca.
The article:
1. Nu era deloc vnt i cldura zilei era apstoare. 2. Cuvntarea sa la ntrunire a avut un mare succes. 3. Merii din
livada aceasta sunt plini de fructe. 4. Laptele este lichid; gheaa este solid. 5. Hrtia acestei cri este foarte subire.
6. Lumnrile se fac din cear. 7. Capitala Poloniei este Varovia. 8. Ce cas drgua s-a construit n colul acesta!
9. Mulumesc, totdeauna mi-ai dat sfaturi bune. 10. Am avut noorocul s gsesc stiloul pe care-l pierdusem. 11. Nu e
uor s mergi cinci kilometri pe vreme ploioas. 12. Luai medicamentele acestea de trei ori pe zi: dimineaa dup
micul dejun, la prnz n timpul mesei i seara la culcare. 13. Spune-mi adevrul: ai folosit foarfecele ca s tai hrtie?
14. Ce face Dan? Planteaz trandafiri n grdin.
The adjective1:

1. Casa aceasta este prea mare ca s fie confortabil. 2. i plac foarte mult romanele istorice. 3. La munte sunt muli
oameni care triesc n case de lemn. 4. Ia cartea aceasta. e interesant i se citete uor. 5. mi pare ru, dar nu pot
s merg pe un drum att de plin de praf. 6. George face progrese mari n studiul limbii franceze. 7. Ferestrele
camerei surorii mele nu sunt mari, dar camera e nsorit. 8. Unde sunt locurile noastre? Nu vd pe ntuneric. 9. Ai
vreo carte amuzant la tine? nu, n-am nicio carte; n vacan nu citesc dect reviste i ziare. 10. D-mi te rog puin
ap, vreau s iau nite medicamente. Nu vrei ceai? Nu, nu vreau ceai. Ateapt puin, c nu am ap; m duc s
aduc.
The adjective 2:
1. Fratele meu mai mare a fcut un zmeu mai puin complicat dect fratele tu. 2. n septembrie zilele nu sunt aa
scurte ca n decembrie. 3. n iunie e cald, dar n iulie e canicul. 4. A fcut un pas nainte n cercetrile sale. Ultima
informaie pe care o am e c se apropie de sfritul lor. 5. Ce este mai riscant: s te joci cu focul sau s traversezi
marea ntr-o barc? 6. Strada este cea mai puin zgomotoas din cartier. 7. Parte aproast este c nu-l pot gsi
nicieri, nici acas, nici la slujb. 8. Ce are Martin? Are o rceal uoar. 9. Obinuieti s te culci devreme? 10. Te
intereseaz pictura? 11. Un bloc este mult mai mare dect o vil. 12. Apele Olteniei sunt mult mai lenee dect apele
Moldovei. 13. Care capital european are cei mai muli locuitori? 14. Elefantul este cu mult mai mare dect leul, dar
mult mai puin slbatic. 15. El emult mai interesat de munca lui de cnd a reuit n ultima experien. 16. Cele mai
plcute evenimente vin pe neateptate. 17. Se socotea cel mai fericit om din lume cnd s-a cstorit cu ea. 18.
Strzile satului nostru sunt mai nguste dect strzile oraului tu. mi nchipui c strzile caitalei sunt mai largi dect
cele din oraul tu. 19. Razele ultraviolete ale soarelui sunt foarte puternice la prnz i foarte slabe dis-de-diminea
i dup-amiaz trziu. 20. N-am vzut niciodat un om mai grbit.

The pronoun:
1. De obicei nu spune cu cine se ntlnete. 2. De la cine a cumprat mama maina? 3. Cui a vrut s-i plteasc
Ana? 4. Mi-a spus cui a dat-o? 5. Niciunul dintre noi nu avea idee a cui este vina. 6. Trebuie s cumprai
magnetofon sau putei nchiria unul? Nu trebuie s nchiriem; l avem pe al nostru. 7. A zis ceva nepoliticos? 8. Pot s
v ajut cu ceva? 9. Scuzai-m, doamn, vrei s-mi facei un serviciu? 10. Totul e gata, putem porni. 11. Oricine i
poate da un asemenea sfat. 12. Le era team tuturor c vom ntrzia. 13. Toi tiu c fumatul este duntor. 14.
Nimeni nu a auzit nimic despre el. 15. Nu putem distinge nimic n ntuneric; vedem ceva mai ntunecat dect restul,
dar poate fi orice: un cal, o main, un animal slbatic. 16. Tot ce mi-a spus m-a impresionat profund. 17. Ia-le pe
amndou; sunt la fel de frumoase i utile. 18. tim ce a pierdut: ceasul. 19. Se presupune c cei care aparin
cercului nostru tiinific l frecventeaz regulat. 20. L-am auzit povestind lucruri minunate dup primul su zbor. 21.
Citeam lng fereastr cnd am sinit c cineva pune mna pe umrul meu. Era sora mea pe care nu o auzisem
intrnd n camer. Mi-a cerut s-i dau un roman. 22. Bibliografia pe care mi-a reomnadat-o m-a ajutat mult s-mi fac
singur lucrarea, fr sprijinul nimnui. 23. Mi-a cerut nite plicuri, dar n-am avut niciunul. Eu nsmi trebuie s
cumpr cteva. 24. Cine e? Eu. i-am adus ceea ce m-ai rugat. E acelai volum pe care mi l-ai dat sptmna
trecut, eu te-am rugat s mi-l aduci pe urmtorul, ai uitat? Iart-m, am uitat pe care mi l-ai cerut. M ntorc ndat
cu cellalt.25. E aceeai persoan pe care am ntlnit-o ieri. 26. Oricine va vizita aceste locuri le va recunoate
frumuseea. 27. Regretm cu toii timpul fericit al studeniei noastre.
The adverb:

1. Lemnul uscat arde uor. 2. Am mers cu maina ncet spre stnca aceea mare i neagr. 3. Bob vorbi suprat, dar
vocea sa furioas nu ne-a schimbat hotrrea. 4. Am rezolvat problema uor, pentru c era o problem uoar. 5.
Dick a srit peste gard mai uor dect prietenul su Ralph. 6. Mary danseaz cu mult mai graios dect sora ei. 7.
Care dintre biei a putu arunca piatra cel mai departe? 8. Cu grij, copilaul, ncerc s fac primul su pas. 9. Rosti
aceste vorbe ceva mai puin suprat, dar cu hotrre. 10. Bob aruncase mingea prea departe. 11. n cele din urm
psrile s-au mai linitit. 12. i scoase haina i pantofii uzi. 13. nmneaz aceast carte lui Susan, te rog. 14. Ar
putea s lucreze mult mai mult, dac ar vrea. 15. E rareori acas dimineaa. 16. nainte de prnz am dormit linitit n
marele fotoliu din sufragerie timp de o jumtate de or. 17. A fost aproape omort cnd a fost clcat de maina
aceea mare. 18. Sigur te-ai hotrt unde vrei s mergi?
The preposition:
1. Btrnul Tom i-a mprit ferma la cei doi fii ai si. 2. Toarn laptele n pahare! 3. El are un radio mare n camer.
4. Du-te n cas dac mama e acas. Nu a venit acas. S-a dus la magazin. 5. Se duce la munte cu prietenul su.
6. Mina ddu colul repede. 7. Tata o s ne ia duminic la mare. 8. Ai ce s citeti n tren?

Part 2
Translate into English:
Bun, numele meu este Maria i am ctigat recent de 2 milioane de euro. Eu am nceput s m adaptez, dar
familia mea este foarte ngrijorat. Ei cred c este imoral ca o singur persoan s ctige o sum att de mare.
Acum de cnd am primit banii, viaa mea s-a schimbat mult. Ce e foarte ru e c m simt ameninat de oamenii
care mi cer ajutorul. Eu am primit telefoane de ameninare sau scrisori n care mi se cerea s ajut oameni sraci, s
donez la firme de binefacere sau chiar familia mea, veriori, mtui, unchi, mi creaz probleme.
Translate into English the following sentences:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

A fost o sear uimitoare, am vzut cel mai frumos film.

Sfritul filmului a fost nfricotor.
Sunt ngrijorat pentru el, a citit mesajul meu si a plans.
Sunt asa de entuziasmat, maine mergem la munte pentru 3 zile.
Tatl meu este ocat in ceea ce privete comportamentul vecinului nostru.

Translate the text:

It was a lucky break that made Charlotte famous. She had auditioned many times for singing parts in theatre
musicals and had almost given up hope, when she appeared on a talent show on TV. She sang just four lines of
sacred music. An executive from Sony Music UK saw her, was excited by her voice and offered her a contract. In the
following two years, her career rocked.
In the history of show business, there are many examples of young people with talent in music, film, or on the
stage who have not lived up to their early promise. But when you hear Charlotte sing, you get the feeling her name
will soon be known to every serious music lover in the world.

IV. Put the verbs into passive voice and translate the senteces into Romanian:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Hundreds of trees(plant) every year. (present)

The injured people.(take) to the hospital. (past)
Coffee(grow) in Brazil. (present)
The book.(write) by a famous journalist. (past)
Our train (cancel) (past)
The basketball team..(choose) by the captain. (present)

MODAL VERBS
Verbele modale exprim atitudinea vorbitorului fa de enun, aciunea din cadrul acestuia fiind vzut ca posibil,
probabil, necesar, obligatorie, de dorit etc.: It might rain later. S-a putea s plou mai trziu. You must meet him at
the station. Trebuie s-l atepi la gar.
Din punct de vedere al caracteristicilor formale, verbele modale englezeti se mpart n:
1) verbe noionale exprimnd modalitatea (want, wish, order, oblige, advise, intend, mean, prefer, etc.) care se
comport ca celelalte verbe noionale: He wants to see the play. Vrea s vad piesa. Dont oblige him to do this. Nu-l
obliga s fac asta.
2) verbe modale defective (Defective Modal Verbs) (can/could, may/might, must, have to, shall/should, will/would,
ought to, be to, used to, need, dare), care exprim de asemenea modalitatea, dar care din punct de vedere formal,
prezint anumite caracteristici.
1.20.2. Caracteristicile verbelor modale. Verbele modale au urmtoarele caracterisitici:
a) sunt defective, adic le lipsesc anumite forme verbale. n consecin, nu pot fi conjugate la toate modurile i
timpurile.
b) nu primesc s la persoana a III-a singular (cu excepia lui be to i have to): He must see this play. Trebuie s vad
aceast pies.
c) formeaz interogativul i negativul fr ajutorul auxiliarului do/did (cu excepia lui have to): Must you do this ?
Trebuie s faci asta ? She cannot swim. Nu tie s noate, dar: Do you have to type that report ? Trebuie s
dactilografiezi raportul ?
d) sunt urmate de infinitivul scurt al verbelor noionale (cu excepia lui be to, have to, ought to):
She can cook. tie s gteasc, dar: He has to get up early every day. Trebuie s se scoale devreme n fiecare zi.

CAN / COULD.
Can este folosit pentru toate persoanele la indicativ prezent.
Could este folosit pentru toate persoanele la Past Tense.
Can/could poate exprima:
1) capacitatea (fizic sau intelectual) de efectuare a unei aciuni: Tom can speak three foreign languages. Tom tie
trei limbi strine. I could run faster than you last year. Puteam s alerg mai repede dect tine anul trecut.

Can exprimnd capacitatea fizic sau intelectual (ability) este nlocuit de be able to/be capable of/know how to:
2) Can este folosit pentru a exprima permisiunea, ca o alternativ a lui many n exprimarea familiar: A: Can I borrow
your umbrella ? B: Of course you can. Pot s iau umbrela ta ? Desigur.
Could este folosit pentru a exprima permisiunea n trecut: On Sundays we could stay in bed until ten oclock.
Duminic aveam voie s stm n pat pn la ora 10.
3) Posibilitatea datorit circumstanelor se exprim astfel:
Prezent: You can ski at Predeal now. There is enough snow.
Past Tense: We could ski at Predeal last year. There was enough snow.
Viitor:
It will be possible for you to ski at Predeal, there will be plenty of snow in December.
You will be able to ski at Predeal, there will be plenty of snow in December.
4) Can/could sunt folosite pentru a exprima: o cerere, rugminte politicoas: Can you wait a few moments ?
Could este mai politicos dect can.
5) Could + infinitivul perfect este folosit pentru a exprima capacitatea nerealizat de efectuare a unei aciuni n trecut:
She could have helped me. (But she didnt). Ar fi putut s m ajute.
6) Cant/couldnt + infinitivul prezent al verbului be exprim o deducie negativ despre un eveniment prezent: A: Im
hungry. B: You cant be hungry. Youve just had your dinner.
Cant/Couldnt + infinitivul perfect exprim o deducie negativ despre un eveniment trecut: A: Did Ann type the report
?
B: She cant/couldnt have typed it. She hasnt learned to type yet.
MAY/MIGHT.
May este folosit la toate persoanele cu valoare de indicativ prezent i viitor.
Might este folosit pentru toate persoanele cu valoare de condiional i subjonctiv.
Might este ntrebuinat cu valoare de Past Tense doar n vorbirea indirect. It may rain later. , he said. He said it
might rain later.
May este folosit:

1) pentru a cere (a) sau a acorda (b) permisiunea (mai oficial dect can):
a) May I go ? Pot s plec ?
b) You may go. Poi s pleci.
2) May/might poate exprima o cerere, o rugminte politicoas (may este mai politicos i oficial dect can/could): May
I use your phone ? mi dai voie s dau telefon ?
Folosirea lui might n acest sens indic un grad de nesiguran mai mare dect may (cu privire la rspuns): Might I
use your phone ? A putea s dau un telefon ?
3) May/might + infinitivul prezent exprim o posibilitate prezent sau viitoare (n sau dup momentul vorbirii):
He may come today. Se poate s vin azi.
He might come tomorrow. S-ar putea s vin mine.
Might este folosit:
a) pentru a exprima o posibilitate mai ndeprtat (s-ar putea...)
b) dup un verb trecut, n vorbirea indirect: He said he might come.
4) Might mai este folosit:
a) n cereri insistente sau atunci cnd vorbitorul este iritat de nendeplinirea unei aciuni (might + infinitivul prezent):
You might give me a copy of that paper. (Please give me a copy. Im annoyed that you havent given me one.)
b) pentru a exprima iritarea, reproul n legtur cu neefectuarea unei aciuni trecute (might + infinitivul perfect): You
might have told me what had happened. Ai fi putut s-mi spui ce s-a ntmplat.
MUST / HAVE TO / NEED.
Must este folsit la toate persoanele, la indicativul prezent i viitor.
Have to este folosit ca nlocuitor a lui must exprimnd obligaia, iar need este folosit cu valoare de prezent i viitor,
mai ales n propoziii negative i interogative.
Must se folosete pentru a exprima:
1) obligaia: They must stop because the traffic light is red now.
Must exprimnd obligaia poate fi nlocuit de have to sau ve got to.
HAVE TO. ntre must i have to exist urmtoarele diferene de sens:
a) Must exprim o obligaie impus de ctre vorbitor, pe cnd have to exprim o obligaie impus din exterior: I must
go. (Its my decision). We have to go. (The shop is closing).
b) Must exprim o obligaie important, urgent: I must be at the hospotal at two. Its most important.
Have to exprim o obligaie obinuit, repetat (habitual obligation): I have to be at the hospital at seven oclock
every morning. I begin work ar seven.
Prezent: You must stay in bed for a few days. Youve got flu. You have to stay in bed when you have flu.

Past Tense: He had to stay in bed last week. He was quite ill.
Viitor: You must stay in bed tomorrow if you dont feel better. Youll have to stay in bed when you feel feverish again.
!Lipsa obligativitii se exprim cu ajutorul lui neednt, sau not have to/not need to:
You neednt come early.
You dont have to come early.
Forma negativ a lui have to exprim o obligaie extern sau repetat, habitual:
We dont have to get up early Sundays. (We dont go to schoool on Sundays).
We wont have to get up early Sundays. (We dont go to schoool on Sundays).
2) Must poate exprima i deducia logic: She must be at home. She left an hour ago.
Deducia negativ se exprim cu ajutorul lui cannot/cant + infinitivul prezent al verbului to be: She left ten minutes
ago, she cant be at home now.
Must + infinitivul perfect exprim o deducie logic (n prezent) despre o aciune trecut: Shes got a ten in her term
paper. She must have worked very hard.
SHALL/SHOULD.
Shall este folosit:
1) pentru a exprima obligaie, n stil oficial - acte, regulamente, etc. la persoana a II-a i a III-a: The seller shall supply
the spare parts in due time.
Vnztorul va furniza piesele de schimb n timp util.
Vnztorul este obligat s furnizeze piesele de schimb n timp util.
2) Shall este folosit n propoziii interogative, la persoana I singular sau plural:
a) pentru a cere un sfat, o sugestie, un ordin: Where shall we put the flowers ? Unde s punem florile ? Shall we go
to the cinema tonight ? (Ce spui), mergem la cinema disear ? What shall I do ? Ce trebuie s fac ?
b) pentru a face o ofert: Shall I help you ? S te ajut ?
Should este folosit pentru a exprima:
1) obligaia, necesitatea logic de nfptuire a unei aciuni, de obicei sub form de sfat de ctre vorbitor: The book is
very interesting. You should read it. Cartea e foarte interesant. Ar trebui s-o citeti. He shouldnt tell lies. N-ar trebui
s mint.
2) o presupunere (indicnd un grad de nesiguran mai mare dect will): He should be there by now. Ar trebui s fi
ajuns acolo deja. He should have left by now. Ar trebui s fi plecat deja.
OUGHT TO. Ought to indic obligaia sau datoria, de obicei sub form de sfat dat de ctre vorbitor (la fel ca should):
A: You ought to finish the book before going on holiday. A: Ar trebui s termini cartea nainte s pleci n vacan.
B: I know I should. B: tiu c-ar trebui.

Exprimarea unui sfat, a unei recomandri, sugestii, prin ought to/should este mai puin puternic dect prin must:
You should see a doctor. Ar trebui s te duci la doctor.
You ought to see a doctor. Ar trebui s te duci la doctor.
You must see a doctor. Trebuie s te duci la doctor.
WILL/WOULD.
Will este folosit pentru a exprima:
1) o comand impersonal (similar cu must, be to): You will come here at once. Vino ncoace imediat.
2) insistena, hotrrea de a efectua o aciune: He will study chemistry whatever his father says. Va studia / este
decis s studieze chimia, indiferent de prerea tatlui su.
3) o aciune repetat, un obicei al unei persoane (will frecventativ): He will sit on the bench for hours and gaze at
the stars. Obinuiete s stea ore-n ir pe banc i s se uite la stele.
4) o invitaie, n propoziii interogative, la persoana a II-a: Will you have another sanwich ? Mai vrei / ia te rog un
sandvi.
5) o cerere sau rugminte (pe un ton politicos, dar mai autoritar dect would): Will you sign the register ? V rog s
semnai n registru.
6) o intenie spontan, nepremeditat, n momentul vorbirii la persoana I (de obicei contras n ll):
A: Im thirsty. B: Ill fetch you a glass of water. A: Mi-e sete. B: S-i aduc un pahar cu ap.
Will devine would sau infinitiv n vorbirea indirect, n funcie se sens:
Would este folosit:
1) pentru a exprima o cerere, o rugminte politicoas:
Would you do me favour ? Vrei s-mi facei un serviciu ?
Would you do me a favour ? V rog s-mi facei un serviciu ?
Not: Would like este de obicei folosit n locul lui want, fiind o form de exprimare mai politicoas:
I would like to talk to the manager.
I want to talk to the manager.
A dori s vorbesc cu directorul.
Would you like to talk to him now ? Dorii cu el acum ?
3) Would este folosit i pentru a exprima probabilitatea: That would be their car. Probabil c aceea este maina lor.
(Ac eeaq trebuie s fie maina lor).
Atenie ! Would + rather/sooner + infinitivul scurt este folosit pentru a exprima preferina:
I would rather listen to the concert than see the film.

I d sooner listen to the concert than see the film.

A prefera s ascult concertul dect s vd filmul.

Substitute
Verb modal

Substitut

Exemplu

must

to have to

I must swim. = I have to swim.

must not

not to be allowed to

I must not swim. = I am not allowed to swim.

can

to be able to

I can swim. = I am able to swim.

may

to be allowed to

I may swim. = I am allowed to swim.

need

to have to

I need to swim. = I have to swim.

need not

not to have to

I need not swim. = I don't have to swim.

shall / should/
ought to

to be supposed to / to be expected I shall / should / ought to swim. = I am supposed to swim. / I am

to / to be to
expected to swim. / I am to swim.

PRACTICE
Choose the correct substitute for each modal verb.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

We ought to win the race. We ........................................... win the race.

I can swim. I ....................................................... swim.
You must meet my best friend. You .......................................... meet my best friend.
He should be in bed by now. He ............................................. be in bed by now.
I must get up early. I ............................................. get up early.
They may stay up late. They ................................................... stay up late.
She needs to see the doctor. She ............................................... see the doctor.
We need not walk. We ................................................................ walk.
You must not sleep You .................................................... sleep.
Should I go to the cinema with them? .............................................. go to the cinema with them?

Choose the correct answer for each gap below

1. Ted's flight from Amsterdam took more than 11 hours. He
be exhausted after such a long flight.
2. The book is optional. My professor said we could read it if we needed extra credit. But we
read it if
we don't want to.
3. Susan
hear the speaker because the crowd was cheering so loudly.
4. The television isn't working. It
damaged during the move.
5. Kate:
hold your breath for more than a minute?
Jack: No, I can't.
6. You
be rich to be a success. Some of the most successful people I know haven't got a penny to
their name.
7. I've redone this math problem at least twenty times, but my answer is wrong according to the answer key. The
answer in the book
be wrong!
8. You
do the job if you didn't speak Japanese fluently.
9. You
worry so much. It doesn't do you any good. Either you get the job, or you don't. If you
don't, just apply for another one. Eventually, you will find work.
10. You
be kidding! That can't be true.
11. You
leave the table once you have finished your meal and politely excused yourself.
12. Jenny's engagement ring is enormous! It
a fortune.
13.
we move into the living room? It's more comfortable in there and there's a beautiful view of the
lake.
14. If I had gone white water rafting with my friends, I
down the Colorado River right now.
15. At first, my boss didn't want to hire Sam. But, because I had previously worked with Sam, I told my boss that he
take another look at his resume and reconsider him for the position.
16. You
take along some cash. The restaurant may not accept credit cards.
17. The machine
turn on by flipping this switch.
18. I can't stand these people I
get out of here. I'm going to take off for awhile while you get
rid of them.
19. You
forget to pay the rent tomorrow. The landlord is very strict about paying on time.
20. Do you always have to say the first thing that pops into your head.
you think once in a while
before you speak?
21. Terry and Frank said they would come over right after work, so they
be here by 6:00.
22. Yesterday, I
cram all day for my French final. I didn't get to sleep until after midnight.
23. We
no longer suffer the injustice of oppression! Freedom shall be ours!
24. If I had gone to the University of Miami, I
participated in their Spanish immersion program.
25. The lamp
be broken. Maybe the light bulb just burned out.
Fill in the spaces with the right modal verbs.
Example: I ________ speak English very fluently. (key = can)
You _______________ run faster if you weren't so lazy.
2.

You _______________ leave the class before 1 o'clock.

3.

You _______________ behave well in front of guests. Stop being silly.

4.

You look tired. You _______________ have some sleep.

5.

You failed in your final test. You ________________ have studied harder.

6.

_________________ I borrow your pen?

7.

We _______________ watch TV so much.

8.

We _________________ not climb those mountains when we were kids.

9.

The project ________________ finish in two years time.

10.

Stop smoking! You really _______________ not smoke.

11.

Sami _______________ lift that heavy table. He is too weak.

12.

Muneera _______________ come to the party, but nobody is sure.

13.

Laila _________________ not swim when she was one year old.

14.

It's too cold. I _______________ close the window.

15.

It _______________ rain in the desert sometimes, but you can't depend on it.

16.

If I had enough money, I _______________ travel with my friends but now I can't.

17.

I ________________ to study well for the exam.

18.

I wish I _______________ buy a new car but i do not have any money.

19.

I have no time. I _______________ leave now. My parents are waiting for me.

20.

He ________________ be friendly, but he is usually unfriendly.

CAN & MUST

Q1 - That's ridiculous- you ____ be joking.
can
must
Q2 - That's the phone- who ____ it be?
can
must
Q3 - They haven't eaten for hours- they ____

be starving.
can
must
Q4 - I'm busy this morning, but I ____ see you
this afternoon if you like.
can
must
Q5 - It ____ be the postman; it's far too early.

can't
mustn't
Q6 - You ____ enter the country without a visa.
can
must
Q7 - They're two hours late- there ___ be
something wrong.
can
must

arrived by now.
can
must
Q9 - My doctor says I ____ lose some weight.
can
must
Q10 - ____ you smell something burning?
Can
Must

Q8 - She left two hours ago, so she ____ have

Choose the right choice:
1. You seem to be having trouble there. _________ I
help you?

5. He ______________ have committed this crime.

He wasn't even in the city that night.

Would

might

Will

shouldn't

Shall
2. I don't have enough money to buy lunch.
__________ you lend me a couple of dollars?

couldn't
6. John is over two hours late already, He
___________ missed the bus again.

May

should have

Could

must have

Shall
3. That ice is dangerously thin now. You ________ go
ice-skating today.

will have
7. I'm really quite lost. _______________ showing
me how to get out of here?

mustn't

Would you mind

might not

Would you be

would mind not to

4. It's way past my bedtime and I'm really tired. I
________ go to bed.

Must you be
8. That bus is usually on time. It _________ to be
here any time now.

should

might

ought

has

could

ought

9. I read about your plane's near disaster. You

____________ terrified!

could
have to
11. Professor Villa, we've finished our work for today.
_________ we leave now, please?

might have been

must have been
shall have been
10. It's the law. They ____________ have a blood
test before they get married.

May
Can
Must

might

THE PRONOUN
Personal Pronouns

Possessive Adjectives and Pronouns

Reflexive Pronouns

subject form

object form

possessive adjective

possessive pronoun

(N)

(D, Ac)

(G)

(G)

me

my

mine

myself

you

you

your

yours

yourself

he

him

his

his

himself

she

her

her

hers

herself

it

it

its

its

itself

we

us

our

ours

ourselves

you

you

your

yours

yourselves

they

them

their

theirs

themselves

I. Personal Pronouns Object

Aaron was on a business trip to California. He shows you the souvenirs he got for his family. Fill in the correct
pronouns.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

My sister Jane loves books. This novel is for (she) her.

My children like Disney films. The video is for (they)
My brother Matt collects picture postcards. These postcards are for (he)
My parents like Latin music. The CD is for (they)
I like watches. This nice watch is for (I)
My wife and I love sweets. These sweets are for (we)
My nephew likes cars. The toy truck is for (he)
My neighbour wants to go to California next year. The guide book is for (she)
Here is another souvenir. I don't know what to do with (it)
You know what? - It's for (you)

II. Fill the gaps with the correct pronouns.

1.
Once upon a time there was a girl called Little Red Riding Hood. Together with
...............................mum, .......................... lived in a big forest.
2.
One fine day, Little Red Riding Hoods mother said, ........................... grandma is ill. Please go and take
this cake and a bottle of wine to .................................... . Grandmas house is not too far from ............................
house, but always keep to the path and dont stop!
3.
So, Little Red Riding Hood made ........................................ way to Grandmas house.
4.
In the forest ...................................... met the big bad wolf.
5.
Little Red Riding Hood greeted ............................. and the wolf asked:
6.
Where are ....................................... going, Little Red Riding Hood?
7.
To ................................. grandmas house. answered Little Red Riding Hood.
8.
Can you tell ............................... where ................................. grandma lives?
9.
............................................ lives in a little cottage at the edge of the forest.
10. Why dont .................................. pick some nice flowers for .......................... ? asked the wolf.
11.
Thats a good idea. said Little Red Riding Hood and began looking for flowers. Meanwhile, the wolf was on
.......................................... way to grandmas house.
12. The house was quite small but nice and ..................................... roof was made out of straw.
III. Fill in the gaps with the corresponding pronoun or adjective form:

Sheila is an English girl. ....................... is walking with Peter and talking to ..........................
Ann and James are speaking to ...................... teachers, because ...................... have some questions for
........................
Jack's friends are in classs. These books are .....................................
We have a very light classroom; ............................ classroom is on the second floor.
Claire has two dogs; .................................. dogs like playing very
How old are .......................................... ? I am 15 years old.

Can I borrow .............................. rubber? Yes, here ................................ are.

That bike over there is .........................................

IV. Fill in the blanks with suitable pronouns.

3. I taught _____ to draw.
1. Does _____ (her, she) know that _____ (me, I) was
absent?

4. You must explain _____ more clearly.

2. Please tell _____ ( he, him) _____ (I,

me) have obtained a degree in Chemistry.

5. He has a bad temper so he must learn to control

_____.

3. I remember that _____ (they, them) bought the

fruits from _____ (we, us).

6. We thoroughly enjoyed _____ at the party on

Sunday.

4. Please don't tell ______ (she, her) about _____ (I,

me).

7. That monkey is scratching _____.

5. _____ can swim because _____ has webbed feet.

6. I met Alice yesterday. _____ invited _____ to her
house.
7. Jane has a cat; _____ likes to play with _____.
8. When the dog chased John, _____ ran as fast as
_____ could.
9. My uncle works in a factory. _____ says _____ is a
noisy place.
10. The teacher said to the class, "When _____
finished your work, please pass _____ up to me."
V.
Fill each blank with a suitable Reflexive Pronoun.
1. He rewarded _____ with an ice-cream.
2. They agreed amongst _____ that they would not
tell anyone.

8. One must defend _____ against bullies.

9. My brother and I bought _____ some apples.
10. She cooks for _____ every day.
VI. Fill in the blanks with which, who', whom'
and whose'.
1. The boy, _____ father is a doctor, is my best friend.
2. This is not something _____ we like to do.
3. That man, _____ left leg was amputated, suffers
from diabetes.
4. The thief, _____ they caught, was sent to the
prison.
5. Our friends, _____ we invited to the party, arrived
rather early.
6. The girl, _____ broke the mirror, was scolded by
her mother.

7. That is my uncle, _____ car was stolen.

9. Kangaroos, _____ use their pouch to carry their

babies, are found in Australia.

8. That woman, _____ you saw, was my auntie.

10. The policeman, ______ caught the thief, is a very
brave man.

REVIEW
I.
Choose the correct item:
1.
You look slimmer. Yes, I 12 kilos.
Dont worry. I you.
A)have lost B)lost C) will lose D) had lost
A)have helped B) am going to help C) helped D)ll
help
2. How long have you been working here?
6 months.
A)since B)for C)from D)ago
3. Have you ever been to China?
Yes, I there in 1990.
A)have gone B) went C) have been going D) have
been
4. Whats wrong with Linda ?

A)has been having B) will have C) was having D) ll

be having
5. Im taking an umbrella. It rain.
A) must B) may C) has to D) should
6. he is nearly eighty, he is still very active.
A) Despite B) However C) Even D) Although
7. Is there in the office?
A) anywhere B) anybody C) somewhere D)
everywhere
8. Paul is experienced hell get the job.
A) such B)so C) much D) too
9. If I the job, Ill give a party.
A) will get B)am getting C) am going to get D) get

She problems at work lately.

II. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct past form:
1. Finally the day of our holiday 1.(arrive). . We 2.(just/leave) the house when the phone 3. (ring) . . I 3.
(run) back into the house, but the phone 4.(stop) . by the time I 5. (reach). It. When we 6.
(arrive) . at the airport we 7. (sit) .. in the cafeteria. The airline 8. (just/ make) . an
announcement. Our flight was delayed for eight hours. We 9.(get up). very early and rushed to the airport, all
for nothing.
III. Correct the mistakes in the sentences:

1. I am going to work every day.

4. He hasnt been noticing your new haircut.

..

5. I read a very good book at the moment.

..

2. I am agreeing with you.

6. She talked him she was French.

..

3. I have seen that film yesterday.

IV.Match the sentence halves. Then write complete sentences with WHO,WHICH,IN WHICH or WHERE :

1. Im looking for a shop.

a)They can have a picnic.

2. Theyre looking for a grassy area. b) It fits into the palm of his hand.
3. I met a girl last week.

c) George Clooney starred in it.

4. Hes got a tiny mobile.

d) It sells film posters.

5. Shes writing to the boy.

e) She says she knows you.

6. That was the film.

f) He was at summer camp with her.

CAN & MUST

I.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
II.

III.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Rewrite these rules using must/ have to:

No smoking!
Please show your tickets!
Please remove your shoes! ..
Women cover their head.
No photography! .
What special qualities do you need to have in order to be a dentist/ a waiter (waitress) in a caf,
a librarian/ a soldier in Iraq/ a hair stylist? Write at least five sentences.
Complete the sentences with the correct form of can/ could/ be able to:
I know your face but I (not) .... remember your name.
He looked for the book but he (not) . find it.
Sorry, .. you repeat that? I (not)..... hear what you said.
He was tired but he .. stay awake until he got home.
It was raining so we (not) .. go out.
They told him where the hotel was but he still (not)..... find it.

7.
8.
9.
10.

I used to . play football quite well.

When I am in a stressful situation I usually keep calm.
In the future I . speak English pretty good.
When I was younger I (not) . understand my parents.

REPORTED SPEECH
- follow up Complete the sentences in reported speech. Note whether the sentence is a request, a statement or
a question.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

He said, "I like this song."

He said
"Where is your sister?" she asked me.
She asked me
"I don't speak Italian," she said.
She said
"Say hello to Jim," they said.
They asked me
"The film began at seven o'clock," he said.
He said
"Don't play on the grass, boys," she said.
She told the boys
"Where have you spent your money?" she asked him.
She asked him
"I never make mistakes," he said.
He said
"Does she know Robert?" he wanted to know.
He wanted to know
"Don't try this at home," the stuntman told the audience.
The stuntman advised the audience
Choose the right answer
Q: Tom said, 'I want to visit my friends this weekend.'

Tom said he wants to visit his friends that weekend.

Tom said he wanted to visit his friends that weekend.

She told me she really wished she had bought that

new car.

Tom said he wanted to visit his friends this weekend.

Q: Jerry said, 'I'm studying English a lot at the
moment.'
Jerry said he was studying English a lot at that
moment.
Jerry said he was studying English a lot at the
moment.
Jerry said I was studying English a lot at that moment
Q: They said, 'We've lived here for a long time.'

They said they have lived there for a long time.

They said they lived here for a long time.
They said they had lived there for a long time.
Q: He asked me, 'Have you finished reading the
newspaper?'

Q: Jack said, 'He must be guilty!'

Jack said he must have been guilty.

He asked me if had I finished reading the newspaper.

He asked me if I had finished reading the newspaper.
He asked me if I finished reading the newspaper.
Q: 'I get up every morning at seven o'clock.', Peter
said.
Peter said he got up every morning at seven o'clock.
Peter said I got up every morning at seven o'clock.
Peter said he had got up every morning at seven
o'clock.
Q: Susan reassured me, 'I can come tonight.'
Susan told me I could come that night.
Susan told me she could come that night.
Susan told me she could come tomorrow evening.
Q: She said, 'I really wish I had bought that new car.'
She told me she really wished she bought that new
car.
She told me she really had wished she had bought
that new car.

Jack said he must have be guilty.

Jack said he must has been guilty.
Q: Cheryl asked her, 'How long have you lived here?'
Cheryl asked her how long she has lived there.
Cheryl asked her how long she lived there.
Cheryl asked her how long she had lived there.
Q: He said, 'I must get going. Otherwise, I'm going to
be late.'

He told me he had to get going. Otherwise, he was

going to be late.
He told me he had to get going. Otherwise, I was

going to be late.
He told me he has to get going. Otherwise, he was
going to be late.

Complete with the right form of the verbs given. Also pay attention to the correct use of pronouns
and time expressions:
1 "I'm going to France next week."
He said that _________________________ to France _________________________ week.
2 "They haven't spoken to their parents for six years."
She said that they _________________________ to their parents for six years.
3 "Sue doesn't want to go out with me."
He said that Sue _________________________ to go out with _________________________.
4 "You'll have to be here at 3 o'clock this afternoon."
She told me that I _________________________ at 3 o'clock _________________________.
5 "I moved into my flat three years ago."
I said that I _________________________ into my flat three years _________________________.
6 "If I hear anything I'll phone you."
He told me that if he _________________________ anything he _________________________.
7 "You can move into the flat as soon as you want."
She told _________________________ that they _________________________ into the flat as soon as
_________________________.
8 "You must bring me the money tomorrow."
He told us that _________________________ the money _________________________.
9 "I often go to the cinema."
She told us that she often _________________________ to the cinema.
10 "I'm going to do it now if you'll let me."
She told him that she _________________________ if he _________________________.
Look at the sentence in reported speech, then put it into the original direct speech. There could be
more than one possibility.
1 She said she had been waiting for her to ring since the day before.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2 I told them that they would have to ask if they could book tickets for the next day.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3 He told me to sit down and wait until she arrived.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
4 His mother told him he couldn't go out that night if he wanted to go out the following night too.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5 He said he would meet us in the pub if we were going there that day.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
6 He asked if he should buy the bread as he would be passing the baker's.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
7 He told me he hadn't had such a good night out since my sister's birthday celebration the previous year.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
8 I told her that my brother would kill me if he found out what I had done.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
9 He asked if he could come with us the next time we went to visit our uncle in France.
_______________________________________________________________________________________

10 They said it had already started to rain before they left.

_______________________________________________________________________________________
Convert the phrases below into reported speech.
"It's raining," she said.
1 ______________________________________________
He said to her, "I love you."
2 ______________________________________________
"I saw Mara in the supermarket yesterday," said Carlos.
3 ______________________________________________
"We've lived here for three years," he said.
4 ______________________________________________
"I'll bring a pasta salad," said Francesca.
5 ______________________________________________
"Mark's going to install solar panels," said Miranda.
6 ______________________________________________
"They found gold here," said the geology teacher.
7 ______________________________________________
"Jenny can't speak French," said Pierre.
8 ______________________________________________
"I first met my wife in Seville," he told us.
9 ______________________________________________
"I want your homework handed in by tomorrow," he said.
10 ______________________________________________
"My mother made these cakes," said Juan.
11 ______________________________________________
"I'm feeling tired now," said David.
12 ______________________________________________
Report the following questions. Pay attention to word order:
1. 'Who are these people ?' - The Inspector wondered =>
2. 'When did the fire break out ?' - He ordered me to tell them =>
3. 'Where has the fire started ?' - He wanted to know =>
4. 'Why did your children stay upstairs ?' - He asked the parents =>
5. 'What time did you come back ?' - He asked the mother =>
6. 'Whose version will I believe ?' - He wondered =>
7. 'Where have you been waiting since you phoned me ?' - He asked the father =>
8. 'How often have you left your children alone ?' - He asked them =>
9. 'How long have you been living in this hotel ?' - He asked the parents =>
10. 'What can be done for you? - He asked the neighbours =>
Report the following sentences:

1. 'Please, don't tell your mother!' -> She asked me

2. 'I swear I won't tell your mother, Sue!' -> He promised Sue
3. 'Shall I phone my doctor?' -> She offered
4. 'I won't repeat what he has told me.' -> She agreed
5. 'We'll clean your flat after our party.' -> They promised Mary
6. 'Why don't I cook your dinner, Mr Price?' -> She offered Mr Price
7. 'You ought to have your car serviced, dad!' -> He advised his father
8. 'Wait outside your office!' -> I told my employees
9. 'How do we find your village?' -> They asked us
10. 'Get yourself ready before lunch.' -> She told me when
11. 'Say that you are disappointed.' -> I told him what
12. 'OK! We'll do what has been decided!' ->They agreed

ROUND UP
1. Add "a" or "an" where necessary.
I have just moved to ____flat in the centre. It's very convenient. It's on__ quiet street near __ park. There are
shops near my house and __ bus stop in front of the apartment. It's __ big flat with __ excellent view.
There's __ big living room and __ dining room with __ sofa and __ dining table. There are two bedrooms,
each with __ bathroom. The kitchen is great. It has __ electric stove, __ microwave oven, __ refrigerator, and
two sinks. But I still need to buy some things for the flat. I plan to get __ television, some bookcases, and __ carpet
for the living room.
2. Fill in with the right form of the verbs.
1.I____ __ never______________ __ an elephant (see).
2. My cousin __ ____________in the USA (live).
3. We will go for a walk when we____________ __ our lessons, (finish)
4. When I came to my friend's place he ________________ in the garden, (work)
5. Listen. Somebody __ _______________the piano so beautifully, (play)
6. My parents ____________________ me a new bike next month, (buy)
7. We __ ______________a wonderful time in the mountains last summer, (have)
8. If we go to the village, I ________________________ fishing, (go)
9. Diana __ ________________the fruits before she made the salad, (wash)

3. Use can, can't, may, must, have to.

1. Little children __________go to bed early.
2.__ __________you ride a horse?
3.You____________take one pencil. I have two.
4. My mother is busy and I _________ take care of my younger brother.
5.I lost my glasses and _________________ do my lessons.
4. Compare the following using as... as/not as as.
1. Pizza is popular. Pepsi is popular too.
2. Japanese is difficult. English is easier.
3. Our computer is modern. Their computer is modern too.
4. Lewis Caro1 is famous- Rudyard Kipling is also famous.
5. Summer is warm. Autumn is not very warm.
5.Complete the text using many, much, little, few.
Greece is a great place to visit, and there are very__________ tourist attractions there. The weather is usually pleasant
and there is ___________ rain in the summer. If you like swimming, there are ________ beautiful beaches. When
it is very hot, there are _________ people in the streets. Transportation is good, and there are __ ______taxis and
buses. There are also ______ large ferries that go to the island.
6. Change the sentences using used to.
1. I went fishing every day in summer when I lived in the village.
2. Women wore long dresses in the eighteenth century.
3. My brother cried very much when he was little.
4. My mother made cakes every week. Now she doesn't because she is busy.
5. Panel's father rode his bike a lot. Now he doesn't. He has a car.
7.What do these people say? Change the sentences.
Vicky says: "My mother is very good at cooking."
Tim says: "I want to study German."
Andrew says: "Our teacher speaks three languages."
Nick says: "We will travel to India next summer."
Sam says: "The concert was good."
8. Complete the sentences using the right form of the pronouns.

1.I lost my pen. Give me ___________ __ (your/yours).

2. His father is a driver. __ ______(My/Mine) is a lawyer.
3. My collection of stamps is poor. _____ (He/His) is richer.
4.I don't like my bike.

________ __ (Her/Hers) is more comfortable.

5. Their garden is large. But ______________ (our/ours) is larger.

9. Complete the sentences with the following verbs using both the gerund and the passive infinitive
after the verb need:
cut
replace
retune
fix
a) The radio doesn't work, it needs................................................................................ .
b)The fax machine is out of order, it needs ....................................................................... .
c) The grass needs.......................................................................... .
d) The batteries of this camera need ................................................................ .
10. Fill in the sentences with the correct tense of the verb in brackets:
a) She'd arrive after the ceremony if the train...........................................(be) late.
b) What .............................Ron .................................(do) if he got fired?
c) I wish I .................................................(go) to Paris this summer.
d) We..........................................................(not / agree) if he attended the meeting.
e) Unless she ...........................................(speak) to me, I wouldn't come either.
f) If Tom ...................................................(not / buy) this ring, she'd get angry.
g) If the children hid in the attic, Grannie .........................................(know) their whereabouts.
h) If only he..............................................(not/ be) so sad!
11.Fill in with the correct tense of the verbs in brackets:
a) The party ..................................................(not/ finish) if the DJ ...................................(play) good music.
b) If the chairman ...........................................................(not / approve) his behaviour, the
meeting ........................................(unfold) normally.
c) Unless you...........................................(write) for a living, ..............................you.........................(take
up) other jobs?
d) If the medicine ..................................................(not / work), his dog ................................................(die).

FUTURE TENSES
i. Fill in the blanks with the right future tense of the verbs in brackets: present simple, present
continuous, going to, future simple.
Sarah..(work) in an office as a secretary. She usually..(go) to work by bus, but today
she..(go) by taxi as she is a bit late. As soon as she arrives at the office, she ..
(make) coffee, ..(turn on) the computer and (look) at her agenda. Todays agenda is
quite busy: at 9:30, her boss..(have) a staff meeting; later at 10:00, she (call) the
travel agency to book a business class ticket on the London flight. The plane(take off) at 5 p.m.
on Monday and .(land) at 8:00 p.m. at Heathrow. Next, she.(take)and ..
(answer) all the messages on the answering machine. At 1:00 p.m., she .(have) an hour lunch
break and at 3:00 she .(make) a dentist appointment on her bosss name. Finally, she.
(type) all the letters and reports and.(send) the e-mails. Once she gets home, she .(go)
shopping, (call) her friends and .(take) the dog out.
As tomorrow(be) Saturday, she..(not go) to work. If it.(be) nice, she
.(go) on a trip to the mountains with her friends. The train.(leave) at 9:00 a.m. from
the North Station. There, she.(climb) the mountains,(have) a picnic,.(lie) in the
sun and( swim) in the river. If the weather .(be) bad, she.(invite) some
friends over, watch a DVD, listen to music and chat. On Sunday, she..(visit) her mother
and(eat out).
ii. Fill in the dialogue with the right future forms:
A: What you . today? (do)
B: Im not quite sure. I..probably ..to the dentist (go) so I (not be) at home.
A: What about tomorrow?
B: I.. (have) my aerobics class. The lesson..(start) at 6:00 p.m.. Then, I..(be)
completely off.

A: Great! I(invite) you to dinner at Giovannis. Night Loosers (play) live tonight.
The showat 8:00.(start)
B: Who else ..( come)?
A: John and Mary.
B: Splendid! And what time we ..(meet)?
A: At 7.30.
B: Where.we .(meet)?
A: We meet in front of the restaurant.
B: Great. I..(see) you there. Bye!
A: O.K. Bye!

ROUND UP 2
I. Put verbs into the correct form - conditional clauses
1. If youa wallet in the street, what (find, do) with
it?
2. I must hurry. My friend annoyed if.. on time. (be, not/be)
3. I didnt realize that Gary was in hospital. If I. He was in hospital, I
to visit him. (know, go)
4. If the phone., you. it? (ring, can)
5. I cant decide what to do. What .. you .. if you. in my position? (do,
be)
6. If you .enough money to go anywhere in the world,
where you? (have, go)
7. Im glad we had a map. Im sure we.. if we..one. (lose,
have)
8. The accident was your fault. If you more carefully, it
. .(drive, not/happen)
9. If I my coat from home, I..wet now. (take, not/be)
10. If he to me then, I about it now. (tell, know)
II. Read the following text and rewrite it into Reported Speech (Indirect Speech):
'I am so sorry for you,' she said, 'but my brothers are going back to Eton tomorrow, and then, if you
behave yourself, no one will annoy you.'
'It is absurd asking me to behave myself,' he answered, 'quite absurd. I must rattle my chains, and groan
through keyholes, and walk about at night, if that is what you mean. It is my only reason for existing.'

'It is no reason at all for existing, and you know you have been very wicked. Mrs. Umney told us that you
had killed your wife.'
'Well, I quite admit it,' said the Ghost, 'but it was a purely family matter.'
'It is very wrong to kill any one,' said Virginia.
'Oh, I hate the cheap severity of abstract ethics! My wife was very plain and knew nothing about cookery.
However, it is no matter now, for it is all over, and I don't think it was very nice of her brothers to starve
me to death, though I did kill her.'
Oh, Mr. Ghost, I mean Sir Simon, are you hungry? I have a sandwich in my case. Would you like it?'
asked Virginia.
'No, thank you, I never eat anything now; but it is very kind of you and you are much nicer than the rest
of your horrid, rude, vulgar, dishonest family.' Sir Simon said.

III. The noun

a. Choose the right word:
1. Amy was so nice to give us some advice/advices.
2. Annoying news is/are always on BBC channel.
3. Mathematics are/is very difficult to study.
4. Her new trousers look/looks good.
5. Mumps is/are a childrens disease.
6. Strange phenomenon/phenomena take place nowadays
7. The police is/are protecting law.
8. She had heavy baggage/baggages to carry.
9. Your money are/is on the table.
10. Gymnastics are/is her favorite sports.
b. Write the plural :
information-

tomato-

dish-

louse-

rose-

homework-

deer-

toy-

cargo-

symposium-

piano-

brush-

ellipsis-

belief-

shelf-

hoof-

basis-

woman-

thief-

ox-

c. Choose the right option:

1. a) the rays of the sun

b) the suns rays

2. a) the leg of the chair

b) the chairs leg

3. a) my husbands sister

b) the sister of my husband

4. a) the jurys decision

b) the decision of the jury

5. a) for orders sake

b) for the sake of order

6. a) todays news

b) the news of the day

7. a) the forests of Romania

b) Romanias forests

8. a) my uncles glasses

b) the glasses of my uncle

9. a) the authors name

b) the name of the author

10. a) at ones fingers ends

b) at the end of one finger