AP Calculus AB

2003 Scoring Guidelines

Form B

The materials included in these files are intended for use by AP teachers
for course and exam preparation; permission for any other use must be
sought from the Advanced Placement Program. Teachers may reproduce them, in
whole or in part, in limited quantities for noncommercial, face-to-face teaching
purposes. This permission does not apply to any third-party copyrights contained
herein. This material may not be mass distributed, electronically or otherwise.
These materials and any copies made of them may not be resold, and the
copyright notices must be retained as they appear here.

These materials were produced by Educational Testing Service (ETS), which develops and administers the examinations of the Advanced Placement
Program for the College Board. The College Board and Educational Testing Service (ETS) are dedicated to the principle of equal opportunity, and their
programs, services, and employment policies are guided by that principle.
The College Board is a national nonprofit membership association whose mission is to prepare, inspire, and connect students to college and opportunity.
Founded in 1900, the association is composed of more than 4,300 schools, colleges, universities, and other educational organizations. Each year, the
College Board serves over three million students and their parents, 22,000 high schools, and 3,500 colleges through major programs and services in
college admissions, guidance, assessment, financial aid, enrollment, and teaching and learning. Among its best-known programs are the SAT, the
PSAT/NMSQT, and the Advanced Placement Program (AP). The College Board is committed to the principles of equity and
excellence, and that commitment is embodied in all of its programs, services, activities, and concerns.
For further information, visit www.collegeboard.com
Copyright 2003 College Entrance Examination Board. All rights reserved. College Board, Advanced Placement Program, AP, AP Vertical Teams,
APCD, Pacesetter, Pre-AP, SAT, Student Search Service, and the acorn logo are registered trademarks of the College Entrance Examination Board.
AP Central is a trademark owned by the College Entrance Examination Board. PSAT/NMSQT is a registered trademark jointly owned by the
College Entrance Examination Board and the National Merit Scholarship Corporation. Educational Testing Service and ETS are registered trademarks of
Educational Testing Service. Other products and services may be trademarks of their respective owners.
For the College Boards online home for AP professionals, visit AP Central at apcentral.collegeboard.com.

AP CALCULUS AB
2003 SCORING GUIDELINES (Form B)
Question 1
Let f be the function given by f (x ) = 4x 2  x 3 , and let

A be the line y = 18  3x , where A is tangent to the

graph of f. Let R be the region bounded by the graph of

f and the x-axis, and let S be the region bounded by the

graph of f, the line A, and the x-axis, as shown above.
(a) Show that A is tangent to the graph of y = f (x ) at
the point x = 3.
(b) Find the area of S.

(c)

Find the volume of the solid generated when R is revolved about the x-axis.

1 : finds f a(3) and f (3)

finds equation of tangent line

or
2 :
1 :

shows (3,9) is on both the

graph of f and line A

(a) f a(x ) = 8x  3x 2 ; f a(3) = 24  27 = 3

f (3) = 36  27 = 9

Tangent line at x = 3 is
y = 3(x  3) + 9 = 3x + 18,

which is the equation of line A.

(b) f (x ) = 0 at x = 4

2 : integral for non-triangular region

1 : limits

4:
1 : integrand

1 : area of triangular region

1 : answer

The line intersects the x-axis at x = 6.

4
1
Area = (3)(9)  ( 4x 2  x 3 )dx
3
2
= 7.916 or 7.917
OR
Area =

( ( 18  3x )  ( 4x 2  x 3 ) )dx
1
(2)(18  12)
2

= 7.916 or 7.917

(c) Volume = Q

1 : limits and constant

3 : 1 : integrand

1 : answer

2
( 4x 2  x 3 ) dx

= 156.038 Q or 490.208

Copyright 2003 by College Entrance Examination Board. All rights reserved.

Available at apcentral.collegeboard.com.

AP CALCULUS AB
2003 SCORING GUIDELINES (Form B)
Question 2
A tank contains 125 gallons of heating oil at time t = 0. During the time interval 0 b t b 12 hours,
heating oil is pumped into the tank at the rate

H (t ) = 2 +

10
( 1 + ln ( t + 1 ) )

gallons per hour.

During the same time interval, heating oil is removed from the tank at the rate
t2
R ( t ) = 12 sin gallons per hour.
47
(a) How many gallons of heating oil are pumped into the tank during the time interval 0 b t b 12 hours?
(b) Is the level of heating oil in the tank rising or falling at time t = 6 hours? Give a reason for your
answer.
(c)

How many gallons of heating oil are in the tank at time t = 12 hours?

(d) At what time t, for 0 b t b 12, is the volume of heating oil in the tank the least? Show the analysis
that leads to your conclusion.

(a)

12

1 : integral
2 :
1 : answer

H (t ) dt = 70.570 or 70.571

(b) H (6)  R(6) = 2.924,

1 : answer with reason

so the level of heating oil is falling at t = 6.

(c) 125 +

12

( H (t )  R(t ) ) dt = 122.025 or 122.026

(d) The absolute minimum occurs at a critical point

or an endpoint.
H (t )  R(t ) = 0 when t = 4.790 and t = 11.318.

The volume increases until t = 4.790, then

decreases until t = 11.318, then increases, so the

1 : limits

3 : 1 : integrand

1 : answer

1 : sets H (t )  R(t ) = 0

1 : volume is least at

3:
t = 11.318

1 : analysis for absolute

minimum

absolute minimum will be at t = 0 or at

t = 11.318.
125 +

11.318

( H (t )  R(t ) ) dt = 120.738

Since the volume is 125 at t = 0, the volume is

least at t = 11.318.
Copyright 2003 by College Entrance Examination Board. All rights reserved.
Available at apcentral.collegeboard.com.

AP CALCULUS AB
2003 SCORING GUIDELINES (Form B)
Question 3
A blood vessel is 360 millimeters (mm) long

Distance
x (mm)
Diameter
B(x) (mm)

with circular cross sections of varying diameter.

The table above gives the measurements of the

60

120

180

240

300

360

24

30

28

30

26

24

26

diameter of the blood vessel at selected points

along the length of the blood vessel, where x represents the distance from one end of the blood vessel and

B(x ) is a twice-differentiable function that represents the diameter at that point.

(a) Write an integral expression in terms of B(x ) that represents the average radius, in mm, of the
blood vessel between x = 0 and x = 360.
(b) Approximate the value of your answer from part (a) using the data from the table and a midpoint
Riemann sum with three subintervals of equal length. Show the computations that lead to your answer.
(c)

Using correct units, explain the meaning of Q

275
125

B(x ) 2

dx in terms of the blood vessel.

2

(d) Explain why there must be at least one value x, for 0 < x < 360, such that B aa(x ) = 0.

(a)

(b)

(c)

360 B(x )
1
dx

360 0
2

1 : limits and constant

2 :
1 : integrand

1
B(60) B(180) B(300)
=
+
+
120
2
360
2
2
1
[ 60 ( 30 + 30 + 24 ) ] = 14
360

1 : B(60) + B(180) + B(300)

2 :
1 : answer

B(x )
B(x ) 2
is the radius, so Q
is the area of
2
2

1 : volume in mm 3

2 : 1 : between x = 125 and

x = 275

the cross section at x. The expression is the

volume in mm3 of the blood vessel between 125
mm and 275 mm from the end of the vessel.
(d) By the MVT, B a(c 1 ) = 0 for some c1 in
(60, 180) and B a(c 2 ) = 0 for some c2 in
(240, 360). The MVT applied to B a(x ) shows
that B aa(x ) = 0 for some x in the interval

(c 1, c 2 ) .

2 : explains why there are two

values of x where B a(x ) has

3:
the same value

1 : explains why that means

B aa(x ) = 0 for 0 < x < 360

Note: max 1/3 if only explains why

B a(x ) = 0 at some x in (0, 360).
Copyright 2003 by College Entrance Examination Board. All rights reserved.
Available at apcentral.collegeboard.com.

AP CALCULUS AB
2003 SCORING GUIDELINES (Form B)
Question 4
A particle moves along the x-axis with velocity at time t p 0 given by v ( t ) = 1 + e1t .

(a) Find the acceleration of the particle at time t = 3.

(b) Is the speed of the particle increasing at time t = 3 ? Give a reason for your answer.
(c)

Find all values of t at which the particle changes direction. Justify your answer.

(d) Find the total distance traveled by the particle over the time interval 0 b t b 3.

1 : v a(t )
2 :
1 : a(3)

(a) a(t ) = v a(t ) = e1t

a(3) = e2

(b) a(3) < 0

1 : answer with reason

v(3) = 1 + e 2 < 0

Speed is increasing since v(3) < 0 and a(3) < 0 .

(c) v(t ) = 0 when 1 = e 1t , so t = 1.
v(t ) > 0 for t < 1 and v(t ) < 0 for t > 1 .

Therefore, the particle changes direction at t = 1.

(d) Distance =
=

v(t ) dt

( 1 + e1t )dt +

= t  e1t

1
0

( 1  e1t )dt

) + ( t + e1t 13 )

1 : solves v(t ) = 0 to

get t = 1

2 :

1 : justifies change in

direction at t = 1

4 :

1 : limits
1 : integrand
1 : antidifferentiation
1 : evaluation

= ( 1  1 + e ) + ( 3 + e 2  1  1 )
= e + e 2  1
OR

OR

x (t ) = t  e1t

4 :

x (0) = e
x (1) = 2
x (3) = e 2  3

Distance = ( x (1)  x (0) ) + ( x (1)  x (3) )

= (2 + e ) + ( 1 + e
= e +e

2

2

1 : any antiderivative
1 : evaluates x (t ) when
t = 0, 1, 3
1 : evaluates distance
between points
1 : evaluates total distance

1

Copyright 2003 by College Entrance Examination Board. All rights reserved.

Available at apcentral.collegeboard.com.

AP CALCULUS AB
2003 SCORING GUIDELINES (Form B)
Question 5
Let f be a function defined on the closed interval [0, 7]. The graph of
f, consisting of four line segments, is shown above. Let g be the

function given by g (x ) =

f (t )dt.

(a) Find g ( 3 ), g a( 3 ), and g aa( 3 ) .

(b) Find the average rate of change of g on the interval 0 b x b 3.
(c)

For how many values c, where 0 < c < 3, is g a(c ) equal to the
average rate found in part (b)? Explain your reasoning.

(d) Find the x-coordinate of each point of inflection of the graph of

g on the interval 0 < x < 7. Justify your answer.

(a) g(3) =

f (t ) dt =

1
(4 + 2) = 3
2

1 : g (3)

3 : 1 : g a(3)

1 : g aa(3)

g a(3) = f (3) = 2
g aa(3) = f a(3) =

(b)

04
= 2
42

1 : g(3)  g(0) =
2 :
1 : answer

g (3)  g (0)
1 3
= f (t ) dt
3 0
3
1 1
1
7
(2)(4) + (4 + 2) =
=
3 2
2
3

f (t ) dt

1 : answer of 2
2 :
1 : reason

(c) There are two values of c.

7
We need = g a(c) = f (c)
3
The graph of f intersects the line y =

7
at two
3

Note: 1/2 if answer is 1 by MVT

places between 0 and 3.

(d) x = 2 and x = 5
because g a = f changes from increasing to
decreasing at x = 2, and from decreasing to
increasing at x = 5.

1 : x = 2 and x = 5 only

2 : 1 : justification

(ignore discussion at x = 4)

Copyright 2003 by College Entrance Examination Board. All rights reserved.

Available at apcentral.collegeboard.com.

AP CALCULUS AB
2003 SCORING GUIDELINES (Form B)
Question 6
Let f be the function satisfying f a(x ) = x

f (x ) for all real numbers x, where f ( 3 ) = 25.

(a) Find f aa( 3 ) .

(b) Write an expression for y = f (x ) by solving the differential equation

dy
= x y with the initial
dx

condition f ( 3 ) = 25.

(a) f aa(x ) =

f (x ) + x

f (x ) +

x2
2

2:

3 :

1:

9 19
25 + =
2
2

f aa(3) =

(b)

f a(x )
=
2 f (x )

6 :

1
dy = x dx
y
1
2 y = x2 + C
2
2 25 =

y =

1 2
11
(3) + C ; C =
2
2

f aa(x )
< 2 > product or
chain rule error
value at x = 3

1 : separates variables
1 : antiderivative of dy term
1 : antiderivative of dx term
1 : constant of integration
1 : uses initial condition f (3) = 25
1 : solves for y

Note: max 3/6 [1-1-1-0-0-0] if no

1 2 11
x +
4
4

constant of integration
Note: 0/6 if no separation of variables

y =

( 14 x

11
4

1 2
2
( x + 11 )
16

Copyright 2003 by College Entrance Examination Board. All rights reserved.

Available at apcentral.collegeboard.com.