IS:6949-1973

Indian Standard

( Reaffirmed 2001 )

SPECIFICATION
FOR
SUMMATION
CURRENT TRANSFORMERS
( S~~OIKI
Reprint SEPTEMBER 1994 )

UDC

BUREAU
MANAK

k 3

OF

621.314.224

INDIAN

STANDARDS

BIIAVAN, 9 BNIADUK SIINI

NEW DELHI 110002

ZAFAK MNZG

August

1973

IS : 6949 - 1973

Indian Standard
SPECIFICATION FOI.
SUMM,ATION CURRENT TRANSFORMERS
Instrument Transformers

Sectional Committee,

ETDC 34

Representing

Chairman
SHRI H. S. VISWESWARAIAW

Radio Electricals Manufacturing Co Ltd, Bangalore

Members
SHRI N. S. S. AROKIASWAMY

Tamil Nadu Electricity Board, Madras

SHRI M. K. SUNDAR~RAJAN
( Alternate)
Automatic Electric Private Ltd, Bombay
SHRI M. G. BOAT
SHRI S. D. JINSIWALE( Alternate )
Central Water & Power Commission (Power Wing),
DIRECTOR,CPRI
New Delhi
DEPUTY DIRECTOR, CPRI

( Alternate )

Heavy Electricals,( India) Ltd, Bhopal

SIIR~M. K. RADHAKRISHNAN( Alternate )
Directorate General of Supplies & Disposals ( InspecSHRI D. T. GURSAHANI
tion Wing )

SHRI D. P. GUPTA

SHRI S. V. JOSHI
SHRI S. P. CHAND ( Alternote )

Siemens India Limited,

SHRI T. R. MAHAJAN

Haryana State Electricity Board, Chandigarh

SHRI M. K. R. MENON

Madhya

SHRI M. M. MVKHERJEE

The Calcutta
Calcutta

DR

Pradesh Electricity Board, Jabalpur

Electric Supply Corporation

Limited,

K. DASCUPTA ( Alternate )
NatIonal Test House, Calcutta

K. MUKHERJEE

SHRI

5.

SHRI

N. NATH

The English Electric Co of India Limited, Madras

Jyoti Limited, Baroda

&RI J. S. NECI
SHRI V. B. DESAX( Alternate )
SHRI Y.

Bombay

The

K. PALWANKAR

Bombay Electric
taking, Bombay

Supply

& Transport

Under-

SHRI S. V. UPASANI ( Alternate )

Crompton Greaves Ltd, Bombay

SHRI J. P. PATEL
SHRI

V. V. Mooor ( Alternate )

Prayog Electricals Private Limited, Bombay

SHRI U. K. YATWARDHAN
SHRI P. U. PATWARDHAN ( Alternate )
( Continued on page 2 )

BUREAU

@ CoDyright 1973
OF INDIAN
STANDARDS

This publication is protected under the Zndian Copyright Act ( XIV of 1957) and
reproduction in whole or in part by any means except with written permission of the
publisher shall be deemed to be an infringement of copyright under the said Act.

IS : 6949 - 1973
( Continuefffrom @gu 1 )
Representing

Mem hers

Directorate General of Technical

Delhi

SHRI K. N. RAMA~WAMY

Development,

New

SHRI G. L. K~SWANI ( Alternate )

Punjab State Electricity Board, Patiala
SHR~ P. S. SATNAU
SHRI M. A. SHARIPF

Mysore State Electricity Board, Bangalore

SHRI V. S. S~IEVADE

Maharashtra State Electricity Board, Bombay

West Bengal State Electricity Board, Calcutta

SIJPERINTBND~N~
ENIXNEER( P )
SUPERINTENDINGE N o I N E B R
(TRC ) ( Alternate )
National Physical Laboratory ( CSIR ), New Delhi
SHRLR. K. TANDAN
Tata

SHRI G. K. THAKUR

Hydro-Electric
Bombay

Power

Supply

Co Limited,

SHRI D. B. MEHTA ( Alternate)

SHRI N. SRSNIVASAN,
Deputy Director ( Elec tech )

Director General, ISI ( &o&o

Assistant Director ( Elec tech ), IS1

Member )

IS : 6949 - 1973

Indian Standard
SPECIFICATiON FOR
SUMMATION CURRENT TRANSFORMERS
0.

FOREWORD

0.1 This Indian Standard was adopted by the Indian Standards Institution on 8 May 1973, after the draft finalized by the Instrument Transformers Sectional Committee had been approved by the Electrotechnical
Division Council.
0.2 In electrical supply practice, it frequently becomes necessary to obtain
simultaneous Victoria1 sum of currents in a number of feeders. To achieve
this, summation current transformers are used. Use of summation current
transformers also results in- considerable saving in the first cost of the
metering equipment and in its installation.
0.3 Summation current transformers are used in association with feeder
Each
current transformers which may or may not have the same ratios.
feeder is provided with its own current transformer, ring-type or woundprimary type depending, on the ratio and their secondary windings are
connected to the appropriate primary winding of the summation current
transformer.
The summation current transformer has a single secondary
winding which is connected to the burden.
It is essential that summation
current transformers are used on currents of same frequency and phase.
0.4 This standard contains clause 5.1.1 which
between the purchaser and the manufacturer.

calls for an agreement

0.5 For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this

standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance with
The number of significant places retained in the rounded off
IS : 2-1960*.
value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard covers requirements of summation current transformers
for metering only for use with feeder current transformers which may or
may not have the same transformation ratios.
1.2 This

standard does nbt cover the main or feeder current transformers.

*Rules for rounding off numerical values ( revised ).

IS : 6949 - 1973
2. TERMINOLOGY
2.1 For the purpose of this standard, the definitions
( Part XXVII I )-1972* and the following shall apply.

given in IS : 1885

2.1.1 Summation Current Transformer - A current transformer intended to

summate the currents in a number of feeders in association with the feeder
current transformers.
NOTE-A summation current transformer consists of two or more primary windings,
electrically insulated from each other, wound on a common core and connected to the
respective secondary windings of main current transformers of the circuits to be
summated.
It has a single secondary winding which feeds the connected burden a
current proportional to the summated primary current.

2.12 Summation Current Transformer Burden connected to the secondary of summation

expressed in ohms and power factor.

Impedance of the burden

current transformer
and

2.1.3 Equal Primary Winding Summation Current Transformer -A

tion current transformer with primary windings having equal
of turns and equal rated currents.

summanumber

2.1.4 Unequal
Primary Winding Summation
Current Transformer - A
summation current transformer with primary windings having unequal
number of turns but equal rated currents.
3. RATINGS
3.1 Rated Primary Current -The
rated primary
summation current transformer shall be 1, 2 or 5 A.

current

3.2 Rated Secondary Current -The

rated secondary current
summation current transformer shall be 1 or. 5 A.
3.3 Rated Output -The
rated output
transformer shall be 5, 7.5, 10 and 15 VA.
4. ACCURACY

of

the

summation

of the
of the
curre.nt

CLASS

4.1 Standard
Accuracy Classes -The
accuracy
classes shall be
designated by the highest permissible percentage current error at rated
primary currents for the accuracy class concerned. The standard accuracy
classes for summation current transformers shall be 0.2, 0.5 and 1.
4.2 Limits of Current Error and Phase Displacement -The
current error and the phase displacement at the rated frequency shall be
in accordance with Table 1, when the secondary burden is any value
from 50 percent to 100 percent of the rated burden ( burden power factor
-0.8).
*Electrotechnical

vocabulary:

Part XXVIII

Instrument transformers.

IS : 6949 - 1973
TABLE

LIMITS

OF ERRORS

( Clause 4.2 )
PHASE DISPLACEVENT1~ MINUTES
AT PERCENTAGEOF RATED
CURRENT
h_______~
r-------10
20
100
120

PERCENTAGE CURRENT ERROR

AT PERCENTAGEOF RATED
CU~RBNT
*_--_--_-_-T
r----
10
20
100
120

CLASS

(2)

(1)

(4)

(3)

(6)

(5)

(7)

(C)

(9)
=t 10

0.2

* 0.5

* 0.35

* 0.2

* 02

* 20

15

* 10

0.5

* 0.75

f 0.5

* 0.5

* 60

* 45

* 30

* 30

1.0

f 20

* 90

* 60

* 60

1.0

1.5

1.0

1.0

120

NOTE -The
above accuracy limits are valid only for summation current transformers
tiirithfeeder current transformers having same rated secondary currents and when all the
primary circuits of the summation current transformers are carrying the same percentage
current.
This stipulation is conveniently fulfilled by connecting ail primary windings

in series during testing.

For certain applications it may be necessary to obtain the transformation errors
within the prescribed limits when any of the individual primary windings a!one is

carrying the current; the other primary windings being left open-circuited.
This calls
for a special design of the summation current transformers and the purchaser shall so
stipulate his requirement at the enquiry stage.
Meth.od of testing, to be used when the accuracy of transformation is required between
individual primary windings and the secondary winding, is given in Appendix A.

5. MARKING
5.1 Rating Plate - Every sumxnation
following
particulars
indelibly
marked
secured
to it or its casing:
a) A reference
b)

to this standard,

Manufacturers

name

c) Manufacturers

serial

d) Rated

transformation

e) Rated

frequency;

f)

Feeder
2

current

: 100/5, winding

g) Rated
5.1.1 Class
the purchaser

output

and

and

that

and/or

transformer
ratios
3 : 30015 ) ; and
accuracy

-The

of origin;
type

( for example,

designation;
5+ 5+5/5

(winding

);

1 : lGO/5,

winding

class.

of insulation
may also
and the manufacturer.

5.2 Terminal
Markings
ante with Appendix
B.

is, IS : 6949-1973;

country

number
ratio

current
transformer
shall have the
on it or on a label permanently

be marked

terminal

by agreement

markings

shall

between

Ee in accord_

IS : 6949 - 1973
5.3 The

summation
Standard Mark.

current

transformers

may

also be marked

with

the

5.4 The use of the Standard Mark is governed by the provisions of Bureau of
Indian Standards Act, 1986 and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder.
The details of conditions under which the licence for the use of Standard Mark
may be granted to manufacturers or producers may be obtained from the Bureau
of Indian Standards.

6. TESTS
6.1 Classification
6.1.1

of Tests

Type Tests -The

a)

following shall comprise the type tests:

of terminal markings and polarity ( see 6.2 ),

Verification

b) High voltage

power frequency

test on primary

c) High voltage
d) CJ7r-r voltage

power frequency
test on secondary
inter-turn
test (e-6.5
),

wmding

(see 6.3 ),

winding

(see 6.43,

e) Accuracy test ( see 6.6 ), and

f) Temperature-rise
test ( see 6.7 ).

6.1.2 Routine Tests and shall be carried

The following
out on all the &rent

a) Verification

of terminal

markings

h) High voltage power frequency

c) High voltage power frequency
d) Over voltage
e) Accuracy

inter-turn

shall comprise
transformers:
and polarity

test on primary
test on secondary

the

routine

tests

( see 6.2 ),
winding
winding

( see 6.3),
( see 6.4),

test (see 6.5 ), and

test ( see 6.6).

6.2 Verification
of Terminal
Markings
and Polarity - Terminal
markings and polarity shall be verified for their compliance
with 5.2.
6.3 High Voltage Power Frequency Test on Primary
WindingThe tkst shall te conducted
in accordance
with IS : 2071-1962*.
The
test shall be applied
between
the terminals
of the primary
windings
connected together and earth, the frame, case ( if any), core ( if intended
to be earthed ) and all terminals of the secondary winding being connected
together and earthed.
A test voltage of 2 kV( rms ) shall be applied for
There shall be no disruptive discharge.
one minute.
*Methods

of high voltage

testing.

IS : 6949 - 1973
6.3.1 When the primary winding is divided -into two or more sections,
each section .shaH withstand for one minute a test voltage of 2 kV ( rms)
applied bt=tl;tpeenthe section and all other sections windings, frame and
case ( if any ) connected together and earthed.
6.4 High V&age Power Frequency Test on Secondary WindingThe test shall be conducted in accordance with IS : 2071-1962.
The test
voltage shall be applied between the terminals of secondary winding
connected together an.d earth, the frame, case ( if any ), core ( if intended
to be earthed ) and all the terminals of the primary winding being connected
A test voltage of 2 kV (rms) shall be applied for
together and earthed.
There shall be no disruptive discharge.
one minute.
6.4.1 When there are more than one secondary winding or sections,
each winding or section shall withstand the test voltage for one minute.
A test voltage of 2kV ( rms ) shall be applied between the section and all
other zxtions, windings, frame and case ( if any) connected together and
earthed.
6.5 Over Voltage Inter-Turn Test - This test is to be carrJed cut in
accorcixzre with 6.5.1 or 6.5.2 for summation current transformer having
ecr,ual primary vlj;ndin,q and in accordance with 6,5.2 fix sumr;aGon
currellc t; an&x:x
ha\;ing unequal pnmar,- windings.
6.5J
With the secondary winding open-circuited,
a vo!tage at rated
frequc,ncy shall be applied to the primary winding connected
in series.
The value of voltage shall be such as to produce a primary current of rms
value equal to the rated primary current or a value which corresponds to
a secondary voltage of 3.5 kV peak whichever
is lower.
The applied
voltage shall be withstood
satisfactorily
for one minute.
6.5.2 With the primary winding open-circuited,
a voitage at rated
frequency shall be applied to the secondary wind.ing. The value of the
voltage shall be such as to produce a secondary cur-rent of rms value equal
to the rated secondary current or a value of 3.5 kV peak whichever is
lower. The applied voltage shall be withstood satisfactorily
for one
minute.
overvoltage inter-turn test is not intended to reproduce service condition
NOTE -The
with the secondary winding open-circuited, but only to indicate that the inter-turn
iniulation is sound, and for this reason the wave-shapes of the voltage and current arc
not specified. Open-circuiting of a secondary winding/circuit under service conditions
(particularly,
if the secondary winding has a large number of turns) may produce
excessive heating and permanent magnetization in the core and dangerous dielectric
stress on the insulation, which may permanently damage the current transformer.
The
condition is, therefore, to be avoided.
*Methods of high voltage testing.

( IS :

6949 - 1973

6.6 Accuracy

Test - The summation

current transformer
shall be tested
for compliance
with 4.2.
The secondary
burden
used for the test shall
have power factor of 0.8 lagging except when the burden is less than 5 VA,
in which case the power factor of 1 *Oshall be used.
In no case shall the
test burden
be less than 1 VA.
The test shall be made at each value of
the current given in Table 2 at 50 percent and 100 .percent of the rated
burden.
6.6.1 In case it is not possible to feed all the primary
windings
of the
summation
current
transformer
with appropriate
value of current
from
different
feeders, it shall be permissible
for the purpose of this test to
connect all the primary
windings
in series and pass maximum
rated
primary current through them.
6.6.2 The routine accuracy test shall be made in the same way as in 6.6
and 6.6.1 but at the percentage
of rated currents shown in Table 2.
TABLE

TEST CURRENTS

( Clauses6.6 and 6.6.2 1

PERCENTAGEOF RATED CURRENT

CLASS
O-1 and O-2

120,100,20

&5 and 1.0

120and20

6.7 Temperature-Rise

Test

This test comprises

a) dc resistance of the windings,

b) .temperature-rise.

and 10

the measurement

OF:

and

6.7.1 Measurement of dc Resistance- To account

for the loss in the
summation
current
transformer
primary
and secondary
windings,
the dc
resistances of both these windings are to be measured at room temperature
and converted to the values at 75C as follows:
R, =

RI

( t, + 234.5 )

( tl + 234.5)

where
R, = resistance

in ohms at t2*C,

RI = resistance in ohms at tloC,

tz = final temperature
( 75C ), and
4 s

6.7.2
winding
thermal

the initial

temperature

( room temperature

in C ).

The temperature-rise
of the summation
current
transformer
when carrying the primary current equal to the rated continuous
current at a rated frequency and with rated burden shall not exceed
8

the appropriate values given in Table 3. The temperature-rise of the

winding is limited by the lowest class of insulation either of the winding
itself or of the surrounding medium in which it is embedded.
TABLE 3 LIMITS

OF

TEMPERATURE-RISE

( Clauses 6.7.2

l%

C~as.9 OFINSULAI~ON

MAXIMUM TZUPERATU~E
Rxsz 0 C

(2)

(3)

(1)
i)

All classes immersed

ii)

and 6.7.4 )

in oil

55

All classes immersed in

bituminous
compound

iii)

45

Class not immersed in oil or

bituminous
compound:
Y

40

55

70

80

105

130

is in excess of the value given in Appendix

C,
NOTZ 1 - If the ambient temperature
the permissible
temperature-rise
in this table shall be reduced by an amount equal to
the excess ambient temperature.
NOTE 2
exceeding
rise given
over 1 000

-If
a summation
current
transformer
is specified for service at altitude
1 000 m, and tested at an altitude below 1 000 m, the limits of temperaturein this table shall be reduced by the following amounts
for each 100 m excess
m operating
altitude:

a)

Oil immersed

b)

Dry-type

transformers

transformers

e reference
NOTE 3-l%
measurement
shall be 40C.

= 0.4 percent

= 0.5 percent
ambient

temperature

for the

purpose

of temperature-rise

6.7.3 For testing the summation current transformer in compliance

with 6.7.2, the transformer shall be mounted in the manner representative
of the mounting in services.
It shall be deemed to have attained a steady
temperature when the rate of rise of temperature does not exceed 1C per
hour.
The ambient temperature shall not exceed 40%. The temperature-rise
of the winding shall, where practicable, be measured by the change in
But for the windings of very low resistance, thermocouples
resistance.
The temperature rise of parts, other than windings,
may be employed.
shall be measured by thermometers or thermocouples.
9

Is t 6949 -

1973

6.7.4 The temperature-rise measured on the external surface of the core

and other metallic parts in contact.with or adjacent to the insulation shall
not exceed the appropriate value permitted for the adjacent parts of the
winding as given in Table 3.
6.7.5 The temperature-rise of exposed current carrying parts including
terminals connected to external conductors by screws and bolts shall not
exceed the following limits:
Parts in air or oil:
40C for joints untreated or treated
with petroleum
jell+ or similar
material, and 60C for joints treated
by soldering or silver plating.

APPENDIX
A
(Note of Table 1)
METHOD

OF TESTING

A-O. GENERAL
A-O.1 It is assumed here that the accuracy of , transformation
will be
evaluated by comparing the transformer under test with a standard
current transformer, the transformation
errors of the standard current
transformer being known.

A-l.PROCEDURE
A-l.1

Calculate a factor F which is defined as:

Sum of the rated primary currents of feeder current
F=
Rated
primary current of the feeder current
( under consideration)

transformers
transformer

Select a standard current transformer of ratio equal to:

F x Rated secondary current of summation current transformer
Rated secondary current of summation current transformer
Determine the errors ,of transformation by comparing the transformation of current of the relevant primary winding of the summation current
transformer with that of the standard current transformer.
The errors
should be measured at certain percenttigesof the rated primary current
of the standard current transformer which are derived in the following
manner:
Required

percentage

Specified percentage
F
10

IS t 6949 - 1973
Consider a summation current .transformer of ratio 5+5+5/5
and class 0.5 accuracy. Windings 1 and 2 are for feeder current
transformer of ratio 80015 A and winding 3 is for feeder current
transformer of ratio 40015 A. It is required to test the accuracy of transformation of individual primary windings and the
secondary winding of the summation current transformer.
First consider the primary windings 1 and 2 suitable for feeder
current transformers of ratio 80015 A:
F==

800 +

800 +
800

400

Standard current transformer

2 000
-1800
ratio

5
2
5
zx

5
12.5
5 = 5

Rated primary current of standard current transformer is 12.5 A

and its rated secondary current is 5 .4.
Compare the summation current transformer primary winding 1
with the standard current transformer at the following percentage currents. .The limits of permissible errors are also
indicated for class 0.5 accuracy:

PercentageCurrent

CurrentError

!?!! 3 48
F

&O-5

loo=

f0.5

40

F
20
-Ic
F

-s
lo

Phase Displacement in MinutrJ

It30

f0.75

f45

Al.0

zt60

APPENDIX

( CZuuse 5.2 )
TERMINAL MARKINGS
B-1. DETAILS
B-l.1 The terminal markings shall identify:
a) the primary and secondary windings;
b) the relative polarities of windings and winding sections; and
c) the intermediate tappings, if any.
11

16 t 6949 - 1973
B-2. METHOD

OF MARKINGS

B-3.1 The terminals shall be marked clearly

surface or in their immediate vicinity.

and indelibly

either on their

B-2.2 The markings shall consist of letters followed or preceded,

The letters shall be block capitals.
necessary, by numbers.

where

52.3
The markings of summation ,current transformers shall be as indicated
in Fig. 1.
B-2.4 All the terminals marked lP,, ZP,, 3P, and S, shall have the same
polarity at any instant.

FIG. 1

TERMINAL MARKINGS FOR SUMMATION CURRENT TRANSFORMER

WITH THREE PRIMARY WINDINGS

APPENDIX

( Note 1 of Table 3 )
SKRVICE

CONDITIONS

C-1. Unless otherwise stated, the summation current transformers shall be

suitable for use under the following service conditions:

Maximum

b) Maximum

ambient air temperature

= 45C

daily average ambient air

= 35C

temperature

Maximum yearly average ambient air = 30C

temperature

4
4
f)

Altitude up to 1 800 m
Atmospheres which are not heavily polluted
Atmospheric climate conductive to growth of fungi and condensation of moisture
12

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OF

STANDARDS

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