A REPORT

ON
FOUR WEEK INDUSTRIAL TRAINING
at
KRISHNA AUTOMOBILES (BMW) CAHNDIGARH
SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD
OF THE DEGREE OF

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
(Automobile Engineering)
01/6/2015 to 15/7/2015 (Training Period)
SUBMITTED BY:
GURPREET SINGH
UID NO. : 13BAM1032
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

No Endeavour can be successful without the active cooperation of the

people concerned with it, which was fourth coming in full during this
study. It is extremely difficult to find words which can do justice to this
sort of cooperation.
I am deeply indebted to V.P. After Sales Surender Singh Tiwana Krishna
Automobiles , Chandigarh. who allowed me feel lucky to complete my
training under the table and competent guidance of Workshop Manager.
I am extremely grateful to Mr. Jasbir Singh and other workers for their
whole hearted co-operation.
I extend my deepest gratitude to all those persons who supported me all
through my training. My interaction with all these people has left a long
lasting impression in my mind that will influence my project and my
behavior for all times to come.

Gurpreet Singh
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INDEX
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.

History of company
Operations by company
Models
Objectives of training
Engine
Clutch
Transmission
Propeller shaft
Differential
Axle
Drive axle
Dead axle
Suspension system
Double wishbone
MacPHERSON STRUT
Air filter
Fuel pump
Alternator
Two post lift
Tyre balancing
Wheel balancing
Photos clicked during training

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INTRODUCTION

BMW India Pvt Ltd is a wholly owned subsidiary of the BMW

Group founded in 2006, with headquarters in Gurgaon, Haryana. BMW
India has its own manufacturing facility at Chennai.

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BMW Group India

BMW India Group is headed by Philipp von Sahr, after he took charge
from Andreas Schaaf as President of BMW Group India in October,
2012. BMW Group has invested 1.8 billion Indian Rupees. The wide
range of BMW activities in India include the establishment of a
manufacturing plant in Chennai, auto parts warehouse in Mumbai and
development of a dealer organization across major metropolitan centers
of the country. The total number of employees at BMW India is 650.
More than 1,200 additional jobs have been created in the dealer and
service network. By end of 2014, BMW India will expand its dealer
network by increasing the number of sales outlets to 50 across major
metropolitan centers and emerging markets in India.
BMW Plant Chennai
BMW Plant Chennai was inaugurated on March 27, 2007 by Norbert
Reithofer, chairman of BMW AG. This plant produces the BMW 1
Series, BMW 3 Series, the BMW 3 Series Gran Turismo, the BMW 5
Series, the BMW 7 Series, the BMW X1, the BMW X3, the BMW
X5 and the MINI Countryman. The factory has the capacity to
manufacture 11,000 units per year on a double shift basis.

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Models
Assembled
BMW 1 Series
The BMW 1 Series is a series of compact luxury cars manufactured by
the German automaker BMW since 2004. Successor to the BMW
Compact, it has been produced in four different body styles.

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BMW 3 Series (Sedan only)

The BMW 3 Series is a compact executive car manufactured by the

German automaker BMW since May 1975. Successor to the BMW
New Class, it has been produced in six different generations and in
five different body styles. It is BMW's best-selling model, accounting
for around 30% of the BMW brand's annual total sales (excluding
motorbikes). The BMW 3 Series has won numerous awards
throughout its history.

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BMW 5 Series (Sedan only)

The BMW 5-Series is a mid-size luxury car manufactured by

German automaker BMW since 1972. The car is in its sixth
generation and sold in sedan and touring body styles. It is BMW's
second best-selling model after the 3-Series and in 2010 produced
about 50% of the BMW's profits.[1]
On January 29, 2008, the 5 millionth 5-Series was manufactured, a
530d Saloon in Carbon Black Metallic.[2]

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BMW 7 Series

The BMW 7 Series is a line of full-size luxury vehicles produced by

the German automaker BMW. Introduced in 1977, it is BMW's
flagship car and is only available as a sedan or extendedlength limousine. The 7 Series traditionally introduces technologies
and exterior design themes before they trickle down to smaller sedans
in BMW's lineup.[5]

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BMW X1

The BMW X1 is a compact crossover manufactured and marketed

worldwide by BMW since 2009 in rear-wheel-drive (sDrive) and allwheel-drive (xDrive) configurations now in its second generation.
X1 production followed the concept debut at the 2008 Paris Motor
Show.[5] with series manufacture beginning at the BMW Leipzig plant
in October 2009 followed by production in Chennai,
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India, Shenyang, China, (by BMW-Brilliance Automotive Ltd)

and Kaliningrad, Russia (CDK,with local partner Avtotor).[6]
The crossover shares a similar platform with the BMW X3, based on
the platform of the BMW 3 Series (E91) Touring (wagon).
The EPA classifies the vehicle under the Midsize Cars category.[7]
The X1 has sold, as of September 2013, approximately 500,000
models worldwide since its launch in late 2009.[8]
The X1 introduced BMW's N20 engine in its xDrive28i model.[9] The
X1 is slightly smaller and more affordable than the X3.[10]
In North America, the X1 is BMW's smallest SUV offering, and has a
low starting MSRP of $30,900.[11] The X1 is also BMW's first SUV to
offer rear-wheel drive (RWD) as an option (only on the sDrive28i
model). The sDrive28i and xDrive28i models will offer a 2.0L, 241
horsepower turbocharged inline four-cylinder (I4) engine, and the
xDrive35i model will offer a 3.0L, 300 horsepower single
turbocharged inline six-cylinder (I6) engine. Four different lines will
be available: the ES/SE Line, the Sport Line, the Luxury Line, and
the xLine. The lines offer unique trim differences to differentiate each
one from another. An eight-speed sport automatic transmission will be
available on North American models. The interior will be similar to
that of the current BMW 1 Series Coupe, also offered in North
America. Development began in 2004, with design work commencing
in 2005. Final design work was done by Richard Kim during 2006
and frozen for production in mid-2007.
The second generation was unveiled in early 2015, featuring BMW's
new transverse engine architecture and shorter hood and front
overhang than the previous generation.

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BMW X3

The BMW X3 is an compact luxury crossover SUV manufactured by

German automaker BMW since 2003. Based on the BMW 3
Series platform, and now in its second generation, BMW markets the
crossover as a Sports Activity Vehicle, the company's proprietary
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descriptor for its X-line of vehicles. The first generation X3 was

designed by BMW in conjunction with Magna Steyr of Graz, Austria
who also manufactured all X3s under contract to BMW. BMW
manufactures the second generation X3 at theirSpartanburg
plant in South Carolina, United States.

BMW X5

The BMW X5 is a midsize luxury SUV (Sport Utility Vehicle)

produced by BMW. The first generation of the X5, with the chassis
code E53, made its debut in 1999. It was BMW's first SUV (Sport
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Utility Vehicle), also known as "Four-by-Four" (4x4) in the UK,

which featured 4WD all-wheel drive and was available with either
manual or automatic transmission. In 2006 the second generation X5
was launched, known internally as the E70, featuring the torque-split
capable xDrive all-wheel drive system mated to an automatic
transmission, and in 2009 the X5 M performance variant was released
as a 2010 model.
BMW branded the X5 as a Sport Activity Vehicle (SAV) rather than
an SUV, to emphasize its on-road ability despite its size. Like
the Lexus RX 300, the X5 heralded the shift from light truck-based
body-on-frame SUVs to crossovers underpinned by unibody car
platforms that would come to fruition in the late 2000s. Among
German luxury automakers, while the Mercedes-Benz M-Classhad
beaten the X5 to the market by a year, the X5 was the first to use a
unibody chassis whereas the M-Class used a light truck platform until
its second generation. While the Lexus RX is based on the Toyota
Camry mass market sedan, the X5 shares its underpinnings with
the BMW 5 Series performance luxury sedan.[1][2]
X5s are manufactured in Greer, South Carolina at the Spartanburg
BMW plant and modified for armoured, security versions in Mexico
at the BMW de Mxico Toluca plant.[3] Since July 2009, some
assembly operations are also performed in Kaliningrad, Russia . Since
February 2015, BMW India started local production of X5 in
its Chennai plant.
Starting with the X5, BMW's Sport Activity Vehicle (SAV) series has
since expanded to be derivatives of other BMW number-series
models, first in 2003 with the BMW X3 compact luxury crossover,
and then in 2008 with the BMW X6 midsize coupe luxury crossover
which shares its platform with the X5.
Australian launch of 2014 X5 was revealed by magician Adam
Mada at Col-Crawford motors in Sydney [4]
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Mini India
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BMW starts production of 'MINI Countryman' at Chennai

plant in diesel and petrol variants.The BMW Group
introduced Mini marque in India in January 2012 with the
launch of MINI Hatch, Convertible and Countryman. India
is the 100th market in the global MINI sales network and
has become increasingly significant for the BMW Group
since establishing its presence in India in 2007. The Hatch
and Convertible models are imported to India as
Completely Built-up Units (CBU) in petrol variants.

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BMW Financial Services India

BMW Financial Services India is a wholly owned subsidiary of the

BMW Group and is headquartered in Gurgaon (National Capital
Region). BMW Group increased its investment in BMW Financial
Services India to 5.3 billion Indian Rupees (US $106 million) in 2012
from the 2010 investment of 2.3 billion Indian Rupees (US $50 million).
BMW Financial Services India operates with three business lines: Retail
Finance, Commercial Finance and Insurance (through cooperation
partners).
International Purchasing Office (IPO)
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The International Purchasing Office (IPO) established at BMW Indias

Headquarters in Gurgaon identifies and assesses potential suppliers for
BMW, MINI, and BMW Motorcycles taking into account BMW Groups
requirements for quality, technology and logistics. The IPO strongly
focuses on increasing the sourcing of production material (components)
as well as IT and engineering services from India to the BMW Group
International Production Network.

OBJECTIVES OF TRAINING
To learn the servicing of automobiles.
To study the corporate workshop culture.
To search the benefits and scope in global market.

ENGINE

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The inline-four engine or straight-four engine is a type of inline internal

combustion four-cylinder engine with all four cylinders mounted in a
straight line, or plane along the crankcase. The single bank of cylinders
may be oriented in either a vertical or an inclined plane with all the
pistons driving a common crankshaft. Where it is inclined, it is
sometimes called a slant-four. In a specification chart or when an
abbreviation is used, an inline-four engine is listed either as I4 or L4 (for
longitudinal, to avoid confusion between the digit 1 and the letter I). The
inline-four layout is in perfect primary balance and confers a degree of
mechanical simplicity which makes it popular for economy cars.

CLUTCH

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A clutch is a mechanical device that engages and disengages the power

transmission, especially from driving shaft to driven shaft. Clutches are
used whenever the transmission of power or motion must be controlled
either in amount or over time (e.g., electric screwdrivers limit how much
torque is transmitted through use of a clutch; clutches control whether
automobiles transmit engine power to the wheels). In the simplest
application, clutches connect and disconnect two rotating shafts (drive
shafts or line shafts). In these devices, one shaft is typically attached to
an engine or other power unit (the driving member) while the other shaft
(the driven member) provides output power for work. While typically
the motions involved are rotary, linear clutches are also possible. In a
torque-controlled drill, for instance, one shaft is driven by a motor and
the other drives a drill chuck. The clutch connects the two shafts so they
may be locked together and spin at the same speed (engaged), locked
together but spinning at different speeds (slipping), or unlocked and
spinning at different speeds (disengaged).

TRANSMISSION
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A transmission is a machine that consists of a power source and a power

transmission system, which provides controlled application of the power.
Often the term transmission refers simply to the gearbox that uses gears
and gear trains to provide speed and torque conversions from a rotating
power source to another device. In British English, the term transmission
refers to the whole drive train, including clutch, gearbox, prop shaft (for
rear-wheel drive), differential, and final drive shafts. In American
English, however, the term refers more specifically to the gearbox alone,
and the usage details are different. The most common use is in motor
vehicles, where the transmission adapts the output of the internal
combustion engine to the drive wheels. Such engines need to operate at a
relatively high rotational speed, which is inappropriate for starting,
stopping, and slower travel. The transmission reduces the higher engine
speed to the slower wheel speed, increasing torque in the process.

DIFFERENTIAL
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A differential is a particular type of simple planetary gear train that has

the property that the angular velocity of its carrier is the average of the
angular velocities of its sun and annular gears. This is accomplished by
packaging the gear train so it has a fixed carrier train ratio R = -1, which
means the gears corresponding to the sun and annular gears are the same
size. This can be done by engaging the planet gears of two identical and
coaxial epicyclic gear trains to form a spur gear differential. Another
approach is to use bevel gears for the sun and annular gears and a bevel
gear as the planet, which is known as a bevel gear differential.

AXLE
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An axle is a central shaft for a rotating wheel or gear. On wheeled

vehicles, the axle may be fixed to the wheels, rotating with them, or
fixed to the vehicle, with the wheels rotating around the axle. In the
former case, bearings or bushings are provided at the mounting points
where the axle is supported. In the latter case, a bearing or bushing sits
inside a central hole in the wheel to allow the wheel or gear to rotate
around the axle. Sometimes, especially on bicycles, the latter type axle is
referred to as a spindle.

Drive axle

An axle that is driven by the engine or prime mover is called a drive

axle. Modern front wheel drive cars typically combine the transmission
(i.e. gearbox and differential) and front axle into a single unit called a
transaxle. The drive axle is a split axle with a differential and universal
joints between the two half axles. Each half axle connects to the wheel
by use of a constant velocity (CV) joint which allows the wheel
assembly to move freely vertically as well as to pivot when making
turns. In rear wheel drive cars and trucks, the engine turns a driveshaft
(also called a propeller shaft or tail shaft) which transmits rotational
force to a drive axle at the rear of the vehicle.

SUSPENSION SYSTEM
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Suspension is the system of tires, tire air, springs, shock absorbers and
linkages that connects a vehicle to its wheels and allows relative motion
between the two. Suspension systems serve a dual purpose
contributing to the vehicle's road holding/handling and braking for good
active safety and driving pleasure, and keeping vehicle occupants
comfortable and a ride quality reasonably well isolated from road noise,
bumps, vibrations, etc. These goals are generally at odds, so the tuning
of suspensions involves finding the right compromise. It is important for
the suspension to keep the road wheel in contact with the road surface as
much as possible, because all the road or ground forces acting on the
vehicle do so through the contact patches of the tires. The suspension
also protects the vehicle itself and any cargo or luggage from damage
and wear. The design of front and rear suspension of a car may be
different.

DOUBLE WISH BONE

In automobiles, a double wishbone suspension is an independent

suspension design using two wishbone-shaped arms to locate the wheel.
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Each wishbone or arm has two mounting points to the chassis and one
joint at the knuckle. The shock absorber and coil spring mount to the
wishbones to control vertical movement. Double wishbone designs
allow the engineer to carefully control the motion of the wheel
throughout suspension travel, controlling such parameters as camber
angle, caster angle, toe pattern, roll center height, scrub radius, scuff and
more.

MacPHERSON STRUT

The MacPherson strut is a type of car suspension system which uses the
top of a telescopic damper as the upper steering pivot. It is widely used
in the front suspension of modern vehicles and is named for Earle S.
MacPherson, who developed the design.

AIR FILTER
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A particulate air filter is a device composed of fibrous materials which

removes solid particulates such as dust, pollen, mould, and bacteria from
the air. The cabin air filter is typically a pleated-paper filter that is placed
in the outside-air intake for the vehicle's passenger compartment. Some
of these filters are rectangular and similar in shape to the combustion air
filter. Others are uniquely shaped to fit the available space of particular
vehicles' outside-air intakes. Being a relatively recent addition to
automobile equipment, this filter is often overlooked, and can greatly
reduce the effectiveness of the vehicle's air conditioning and heating
performance. Clogged or dirty cabin air filters can significantly reduce
airflow from the cabin vents, as well as introduce allergens into the
cabin air stream.

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ALTERNATOR

An alternator is an electrical generator that converts mechanical energy

to electrical energy in the form of alternating current. For reasons of cost
and simplicity, most alternators use a rotating magnetic field with a
stationary armature. Occasionally, a linear alternator or a rotating
armature with a stationary magnetic field is used. In principle, any AC
electrical generator can be called an alternator, but usually the term
refers to small rotating machines driven by automotive and other internal
combustion engines. An alternator that uses a permanent magnet for its
magnetic field is called a magneto. Alternators in power stations driven
by steam turbines are called turbo-alternators. Large 50 or 60 Hz three
phase alternators in power plants generate most of the world's electric
power, which is distributed by electric power grids.

TWO POST LIFT

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A two post above ground lift is designed to raise cars and trucks for easy
access to wheel assemblies and the underside of the vehicle. A two post
above ground lift is normally mounted to an existing concrete surface.
Minimal concrete depth required for a two post above ground lift is four
inches. Thicker concrete is required for two post lifts exceeding a 12,000
LB. capacity. The lift consists of two upright columns, four adjustable
arms attached to a carriage assembly, two hydraulic cylinders, an
electric/hydraulic power unit, and a variety of hoses, pulleys, and cables.
This is the most common style of two post above ground lift. There are
several European manufacturers building above ground lifts that use an
extruded screw/nut configuration powered by an electric motor.

TIRE BALANCE
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WHEEL ALIGNMENT
Wheel alignment, sometimes referred to as breaking or tracking, is part
of standard automobile maintenance that consists of adjusting the angles
of the wheels so that they are set to the car maker's specification. The
purpose of these adjustments is to reduce tire wear, and to ensure that
vehicle travel is straight and true (without "pulling" to one side).
Alignment angles can also be altered beyond the maker's specifications
to obtain a specific handling characteristic. On some cars, not all of
these can be adjusted on every wheel. These three parameters can be
further categorized into front and rear (with no caster on the rear,
typically not being steered wheels). In summary, the parameters are:

Front: Caster (left & right)

Front: Camber (left & right)
Front: Toe (left, right & total)
Rear: Camber (left & right)
Rear: Toe (left, right & total)

MY ROLE IN COMPANY
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Find out the reason of opening the component.

Record the tools used in disassembling the component.
Record the equipment changed.
Help in component assembling.
To check gear teeth, oil level and working of light.
Clean the different internal components of the vehicle.
To check the fault in component with group work.
To do tire balancing and tire rotation.
To do greasing of propeller shaft.

REASON FOR TRAINING

To improve the technical skills.

To improve the knowledge about different machines.
To take the information of industry working method.
Taking the idea about group working.
To improve the knowledge about tools used in maintenance
section.
To compare the theoretical knowledge with industry practical
work.
Improvement of personal skills.

CONCLUSION
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Hence I have completed the summer training so I am satisfied with

my complete working experience. During training period I had
been taking a lot of practical knowledge about my field. There had
been improvement in knowledge of machines, tools used and the
components of the vehicle.
The obtained results were good for me and my career.
I have studied and worked on all these components.

REFERENCE
All data is taken from www.google.com
All figures are taken from www.google.com
www.wikipedia.com

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HERE ARE SOME OF THE PICS I HAVE

TAKEN DURING MY 6 WEEKS INDUSTRIAL
TRAINING

A JOB CARD OF A CAR

A steering and column mechanism

A H-frame of a car

Cylinder with piston

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Radiator components

An eye of front of car

Wheel balancing of a car

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Tail light of car

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Wheel hub with rotor

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