Quick Guide: "Accounts Receivable & Accounts Payable"
Quick Guide: "Accounts Receivable & Accounts Payable"
Quick Guide: "Accounts Receivable & Accounts Payable"
Conceptual Design
Of
QUICK GUIDE
Prepared
By
Andrew Or
Andrew.or@sapgenie.com
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3. PAYMENTS.......................................................................................................................................................21
4. RECEIPTS.........................................................................................................................................................22
5. TERMS OF PAYMENT...........................................................................................................................23
5.1 TERMS OF PAYMENT................................................................................................................................................23
5.2 CASH DISCOUNT BASE............................................................................................................................................23
6. TOLERANCE GROUPS.........................................................................................................................24
7. DUNNING..........................................................................................................................................................24
8. DOWN PAYMENTS...................................................................................................................................25
9. SPECIAL G/L TRANSACTIONS.....................................................................................................25
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Status
Street
P.O. box
City
ZIP/Post code
District
P.O. box Postal code
A
C
A
A
B
B
A
A
A
Remarks
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Status
A
B
Remarks
Communication
Language
Telex number
Telephone 1
Fax number
Telephone 2
Teletex number
Telebox
Data line
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
Account control
Vendor
Authorisation
Trading partner
Group key
A/B/C
B
B
Tax information
Tax code 1
Equalisation tax
Fiscal address
County code
(Company ID)
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Status
B
D
D
Remarks
Customer's VAT registration number
Currently only used in the USA for handling city tax
Used for determining tax rates in the USA
B
B
B
B
Bank details
Bank country
Bank key
Bank account
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Status
Payment transactions
Alternative payer account
Alternative payer in document
C
B
Remarks
Britain, if using a Building Society account, the
account number must be entered here.
Status
Remarks
A
A
C
D
Authorisation
Planning group
A/B/C
B
Interest calculation
Interest indicator
Reference data
Previous account number
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Status
Remarks
existed on legacy system).
Payment data
Payment terms
Tolerance group
A
A
Known/neg.leave
Payment block
Alternative payer account
House bank
Grouping key
Bill of exchange limit
C
B
B
B
B
Next payee
Lockbox
Dunning data
Dunning procedure
Dunning block
B
B
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Status
Dunning recipient
Dunning level
Dunning clerk
Grouping key
Remarks
indicator
Account number of the customer who is to be
recipient of the dunning notices.
Date on which legal dunning proceedings have
been initiated
Dunning level which was reached by the customer
in the last dunning run.
Identification of the accounting clerk dealing with the
dunning letters.
Used to group open items for dunning
Correspondence
Accounting clerk
Account at customer
Account statement
Customer user
B
B
B
B
Account memo
Payment notices to
Customer (with Cl)
Sales
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Status
B
Legal department
B
B
B
B
B
Deductible
Remarks
Indicates whether a payment notice is to be created
for the accounting department when posting to the
customer account.
Indicates whether a payment notice is to be created
for the legal department when posting to the
customer account.
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Total fields: the fields the user may specify, via which it is possible for the system to total items
Work list for line item display
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Number Range
100001 899999
Description
General rule: only one vendor account number (code) is to
exist for each vendor globally.
The code does not contain any implicit local content, nor
any perceived 'built-in' intelligence or coding. It simply will
be a running number, next available, when creating a new
vendor in SAP R/3 Vendor Master Record.
The Vendor Master Records are centrally stored in SAP
R/3. This ensures that the data is not duplication. Each
master record contains three data categories:
General Data
Company Code Data, and
Purchasing Organisation Data
One-Time Vendors
(external)
900001 900999
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Number Range
Description
another code for E to H, To this 'master group' numerous
one-time vendors can be posted, without giving a code for
each one-time vendor. Only necessary contact and bank
information are entered when posting.
The one-time vendor account group will be used when there
is strong indication that a specific vendor will no longer be
used, or will be used less frequently. In these cases the
vendor master record must be separately created.
Intercompany
Employees
AAAAA ZZZZZ
10000001 99999999
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Status
Street
P.O. box
City
ZIP/Post code
District
P.O. box Postal code
A
C
A
A
B
B
A
A
A
Remarks
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Status
Country
Region
Communication
Language
A
B
Telex number
Telephone 1
Fax number
Telephone 2
Teletex number
Telebox
Data line
Account control
Customer
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
Authorisation
Trading partner
A/B/C
B
(Company ID)
Remarks
Global Setting > Setting Countries > Set Countryspecific checks
Group key
Tax information
Tax code 1
Equalisation tax
Tax code 2
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Status
Sole proprietor
Fiscal address
B
D
Tax on sls/pur
Remarks
Belgium : for BTW / tax number
Indicates whether the vendor is a sole proprietor
Account number of the master record with the fiscal
address. Used for tax reports to the tax authorities
in Italy
Indicates whether the vendor is subject to tax on
sales and/or purchases. Used in Belgium for the
annual tax report
Vendor's VAT registration number
B
B
B
B
Bank key
Bank account
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Status
B
Remarks
B
D
Instruction key
PBC/POR number
A
A
C
D
A/B/C
B
Interest calculation
Interest indicator
STATUS
Remarks
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STATUS
Remarks
the automatic interest calculation.
Withholding tax
Withholding tax code
Exemption no.
Wth.tx cty
B
B
D
Valid until
Recipient type
Exmpt.authority
Reference data
Previous account number
D
D
Personnel number
Payment data
Payment terms
Tolerance group
A
A
Payment block
Alternative payee account
House bank
Individual payment
C
B
B
C
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STATUS
Group key
Bill of exchange limit
B
B
Correspondence
Local process
Accounting clerk
Account at vendor
User at vendor
Clerk's fax
Clerk's internet
Account memo
B
B
B
B
B
B
Remarks
separately during automatic payment transactions.
Used to group open items for payment
Maximum amount which may be issued on a bill of
exchange if it is to be used in payment transactions
with the vendor.
This indicator specifies that the vendor should be
sent all payment advices by EDI
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Search fields: the fields the user may specify, via which it is possible for the system to find individual items
Sort fields: the fields the user may specify, via which it is possible for the system to sort items
Total fields: the fields the user may specify, via which it is possible for the system to total items
Work list for line item display
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3. PAYMENTS
Examples:
Bank transfer
Netting, and
Cheque
Only one bank will be used for outgoing payments. Payment by bank transfer and cheque is to be performed via only one global Bank Link
System. All payments should be made by one global section. A payment proposal file will be prepared locally in SAP R/3 and sent to the
global section. This section will prepare a file containing what vendors and invoices have been paid and the corresponding payment
date(s).
The following benefits have been identified as arising from centralising the payments process:
Economies of scale
Better currency hedging
Easier intercompany reconciliation
Better cash flow planning
Possibility of extending Bank Link System, EDI's, resulting in a reduction in bank fees and allowing easier invoice matching
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4. RECEIPTS
Example: Centralized Collection and Electronic Bank Statement Process
Receipts are suggested to be collected by the local banks, and each bank will send a balance report to the bank. Global section will
collect all the reports, and will compile one file with all the reports for uploading into SAP R/3 via the Electronic Bank Statement
Process.
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5. TERMS OF PAYMENT
5.1 Terms of Payment
Examples:
The terms of payment represent the discounts that have been defined in relation to a baseline date.
Payment terms are determined via negotiation with the vendor. The calculation of the discount to be applied to an invoice is determined by
reference to both the payment terms assigned to the vendor, and the baseline date. (The baseline date is usually the posting date, however
the system may be defaulted to use either the document date or the posting date).
The terms of payment are stored under a terms of payment key. The terms of payment is then defaulted from the key specified in the line
item, or if it has been defined in the vendor (or customer) master record, from the master record.
The most important data contained in terms of payment is:
The invoice date
The due date of the invoice
The cash discount periods
The cash discount percentage rates
These specifications are required in order to calculate the cash discount amount.
5.2 Cash Discount Base
In some countries the tax amount must be taken into consideration in the base amount for calculating the cash discount amount.
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6. TOLERANCE GROUPS
Tolerances are used for dealing with differences in payment and residual items which can occur during a payment settlement. Tolerance
groups represent the difference sets of tolerances to be used in the organisation.
Examples:
Each vendor should be allocated a tolerance group. The tolerance limits defined for a tolerance group will determine whether an over or
underpayment may be processed without being rejected or requiring further authorisation.
7. DUNNING
Dunning is the process of reminding customers that they owe you money for overdue invoices. The system processes line items and prints
dunning notices (reminders) with the name and address of the customer, the text you specify, and the overdue line items from customer
invoices.
Dunning is carried out automatically using the dunning program. The program determines the accounts and items to be dunned, the
dunning level of the account and the dunning notice based on the dunning level. You print the dunning notices using the print program. The
dunning data determined is saved in the items and in the accounts.
The basic parameters for dunning are set up in the dunning procedure. Several dunning procedures can be assigned to one customer.
Only those customers that have a dunning procedure defined in their master record are included in the dunning run.
The most important parameters of the dunning procedure are:
The dunning interval (i.e., level of severity of reminder notice)
The number of dunning levels
The grace periods
The specification of what items may be dunned
The dunning level is determined by the number of days in arrears. Dunning charges can be separately specified for each currency, and can
be made dependent on the dunning amount at each level. The dunning charge can also be determined as a percentage of the items due.
Minimum amounts may be specified so as to prevent sending dunning notices for immaterial amounts. Furthermore, a dunning block can
be set in the document or the customer master record to prevent a dunning notice from being generated for a particular customer.
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8. DOWN PAYMENTS
Down payments are also known as prepayments. A down payment is a special G/L transaction and occurs when payment is made (or
received) for a good or service that is to be received (or delivered) at some point in the future. A down payment is normally made at the
request of the vendor. Therefore, a down payment can be paid to a vendor, or received from a customer.
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