Role of Local Government

1. Role of the Local Government in Development Edwin RB. Gbargaye

Discussant/Presenter Professor: Dr. Jo B. Bitonio DM 215 Governance & Regional
Administration PSU, Urdaneta City, Pangasinan
2. Structure & Function/Distinction
and Problems in Decentralization

- Significant provision of RA 7160

- Issues

4. Region Provinces Cities Municipalities Barangays NCR - 16 1 1,705 CAR 6 1 76

1,176 I 4 8 117 3,265 II 5 3 90 2,311 III 7 13 117 3,102 IV-A 5 13 129 4,011 IV-B 5 2
71 1,458 V 6 7 107 3,471 VI 6 16 117 4,051 VII 4 12 120 3,003
5. Region Provinces Cities Municipalities Barangays VIII 6 4 139 4,390 IX 3 5 67
1,904 X 5 8 85 2,022 XI 4 5 44 1,162 XII 4 5 45 1,194 XIII (CARAGA) 5 3 70 1,310
ARMM 5 1 117 2,490 TOTAL 80 122 1,512 42,025
6. Source: NSCB 2010
7. Number of Capital Towns, Component Cities and Independent Component Cities
as of June 30, 2010
8. Section 76. of LGC of 1991 Organizational Structure and Staffing Pattern. Every
local government unit shall design and implement its own organizational structure
and staffing pattern taking into consideration its service requirements and financial
capability, subject to the minimum standards and guidelines prescribed by the Civil
Service Commission
10. National Government ARMM 5 Provinces 117 Municipalities 2490 Barangays
MMDA 1 Municipalities 16 Cities Barangay Barangay 1 City
11. Structure of Philippine Local Government Padilla: 1998 National Government
Province Highly Urbanized City Component City Municipality Barangay Barangay
Barangay
12. <ul><li>The Role of the Local Government in Development
</li></ul><ul><li>The local government is also called the governments of the
parts of a nation. Its levels vary according to the political pattern and experience of
each and every nation like the Philippines. According to (Humes and Martin 1969),
the state supervised units which can also be described as infra-sovereign local
governments do not have any aspect of sovereignty. </li></ul>
13. The Role of the Local Government in Development <ul><li>In unitary states
like the Philippines the supervision over local governments is done by the national
government. </li></ul><ul><li>The UN defines local governments as political
subdivisions of a nation or state (UN 1962); some authorities refer to them as
parts of the government of a nation or state. </li></ul>

14. The Role of the Local Government in Development <ul><li>This entails

assessment of the resources, leadership potentials and administrative capabilities of
the different levels of local government, which would be the basis for determining
the powers, functions and services to be devolved to them.
</li></ul><ul><li>Local government officials, as earlier mentioned, make political
decisions. Like earmarking revenues for different projects for the public good. These
decisions generally take the form of ordinances. </li></ul>
15. The Role of the Local Government in Development <ul><li>On Development
</li></ul><ul><li>National development is a good achieved through an effective
partnership between the central and local governments, each one performing a
service as an aspect of a function which it can adequately perform.
</li></ul><ul><li>The local government code (LGC) devolves to all local units the
administration of five basic services : agriculture, health, social welfare,
maintenance of public works and highways, and </li></ul><ul><li>environmental
protection. What this means is that the appointment of persons performing these
functions in their local areas is now done by the local chief executives. There
salaries are also paid from local funds. </li></ul>
16. The Role of the Local Government in Development Revenue Generation Local
governments are authorized by law to impose certain taxes to support their
activities. However, their main source of revenue is the internal revenue tax, which
is shared by the national government with them. The Code raises their share of
these taxes from 20 percent to 40 percent. It also modifies the sharing schemes by
providing for the following: 34 percent to the municipalities, 23 percent to the cities,
23 percent to the provinces, and 20 percent to the barangays.
17. The Role of the Local Government in Development <ul><li>Revenue
Generation </li></ul><ul><li>Internal revenue allotments (IRA) are also divided
according to other criteria: 50 percent by population, 25 percent by area, and 25
percent in terms of equal sharing. Local units impose the property realty tax, and
much depends on their assessment and collection efficiency. They also tax business.
Cities and municipalities impose the amusement tax. Barangay clearance is now
needed before permits can be given by the cities and municipalities for businesses.
</li></ul>
18. The MAJOR FEATURES Republic Act No. 7160 otherwise known as the Local
Government Code of 1991
19. <ul><li>Sec. 17 of LGC of 1991, Basic Services and Facilities.
</li></ul><ul><li>a. Local government units shall endeavor to be self-reliant and
shall continue exercising the powers and discharging the duties and functions
currently vested upon them. They shall also discharge the functions and
responsibilities of national agencies and offices </li></ul><ul><li>devolved to
them pursuant to this Code. Local government units shall likewise exercise such

other powers and discharge such other functions and responsibilities as are
necessary, appropriate, or </li></ul><ul><li>incidental to efficient and effective
provision of the basic services and facilities enumerated herein. </li></ul>
20. Devolved Basic Services On Health and Social Services: 1. include the
implementation of programs and projects on primary health care, maternal and
child care, and communicable and noncommunicable disease control services; 2.
Health services which access to secondary and tertiary health services; 3. Purchase
of medicines, medical supplies, and equipment needed to carry out the services 4.
Social welfare services which include programs and projects on child and youth
welfare, family and community welfare, women's welfare, welfare of the elderly and
disabled persons;
21. <ul><li>On Environmental Management: </li></ul><ul><li>Solid waste
disposal system; </li></ul><ul><li>2. Services or facilities related to general
hygiene and sanitation; </li></ul><ul><li>3. Implementation of community-based
forestry projects which include integrated social forestry programs and similar
projects; </li></ul><ul><li>4. Management and control of communal forests;
</li></ul>
22. <ul><li>On Agriculture: </li></ul><ul><li>Inter -Barangay irrigation system;
</li></ul><ul><li>2. Water and soil resource utilization and conservation projects;
</li></ul><ul><li>3. Enforcement of fishery laws in municipal waters including the
conservation of mangroves; </li></ul>
23. <ul><li>On Infrastructure: </li></ul><ul><li>Maintenance and Rehabilitation
of the following: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>a. roads and bridges
</li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>b. school buildings and other facilities for public
</li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>elementary and secondary schools;
</li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>c. clinics, health centers and other health facilities
</li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>d. small water impounding projects
</li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>e. fish ports; artesian wells, spring development,
</li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>rainwater collectors and water supply systems;
</li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>f. seawalls, dikes, drainage and sewerage, and flood
</li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>control; </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>g. traffic
signals and road signs; and similar facilities; </li></ul></ul>
24. <ul><li>On Tourism: </li></ul><ul><li>Tourism facilities and other tourist
</li></ul><ul><li>attractions; </li></ul><ul><li>2. Acquisition of equipment;
</li></ul><ul><li>3. Regulation and supervision of </li></ul><ul><li>business
concessions; and </li></ul><ul><li>4. Security services for such facilities
</li></ul>
25. <ul><li>Devolved Regulatory Functions </li></ul><ul><li>Inspection of food
products such as </li></ul><ul><li>meat, fruits, poultry, milk, fish, vegetables
and other foodstuffs </li></ul><ul><li>Adoption of quarantine regulations

</li></ul><ul><li>Enforcement of the National Building Code

</li></ul><ul><li>Regulations of tricycle operations
</li></ul><ul><li>Regulation of the real estate trade
</li></ul><ul><li>Licensing of cockpits </li></ul><ul><li>B. It granted the local
government units the power to develop their own organizational structure staffing
pattern and appoint officials wholly paid by the local governments ; </li></ul>
26. Sec. 447. of LGC of 1991 Powers, Duties, Functions and Compensation. a. The
Sangguniang Bayan, as the legislative body of the municipality, shall enact
ordinances, approve resolutions and appropriate funds for the general welfare of the
municipality and its inhabitants pursuant to section 16 of this Code and in the
proper exercise of the corporate powers of the municipality as provided for under
section 22 of this Code, and shall
27. (i) Review all ordinances approved by the Sangguniang Barangay and executive
orders issued by the Punong Barangay to determine whether these are within the
scope of the prescribed powers of the sanggunian and of the Punong Barangay; (vii)
Subject to the provisions of this Code and pertinent laws, determine the powers and
duties of officials and employees of the municipality; (viii) Determine the positions
and the salaries, wages, allowances and other emoluments and benefits of officials
and employees paid wholly or mainly from municipal funds and provide for
expenditures necessary for the proper conduct of programs, projects, services, and
activities of the municipal government;
28. DILG: 1992 The Government Planning Hierarchy NEDA Board RDC BDC CDC MDC
PDC
29. The Local Government Code of 1991 provided the policy context for the
emergence of entrepreneurial local governments by encouraging LGUs to enter into
joint ventures and partnerships with the private sect6or such as build-operatetransfer arrangement and bond flotation.
30. Section 35 of the LGC of 1991 Linkages with People's and Non-Governmental
Organizations. Local Government units may enter into joint ventures and such
other cooperative arrangements with people's and nongovernmental organizations
to engage in the delivery of certain basic services, capability-building and livelihood
projects, and to develop local enterprises designed to improve productivity and
income, diversify agriculture, spur rural industrialization, promote ecological
balance, and enhance the economic and social well-being of the people.
31. Section 34 of the LGC of 1991 Role of People's and Nongovernmental
Organizations. Local Government units shall promote the establishment and
operation of people's and nongovernmental organizations to become active
partners in the pursuit of local autonomy.

32. <ul><li>The Significant Provision of RA 7160 </li></ul><ul><li>(Local

Government Code) </li></ul><ul><li>When the local government code of the
Philippine was passed it was hailed as a giant step towards the increase of
autonomy in the country (Cario, 1998). </li></ul><ul><li>It is about the transfer
of certain powers from national to local levels, increased the financial capacity of
local government units, and give greater voice not only to local governments but to
the people as well. </li></ul><ul><li>When Filipinos speak of devolution today
they usually refer to the Code. </li></ul><ul><li>4. The essence of Devolution
</li></ul>
33. <ul><li>5. The essence of Devolution </li></ul><ul><li>6. Democracy and
Decentralization </li></ul><ul><li>Decentralization is the means
</li></ul><ul><li>for increasing democratic strides. </li></ul><ul><li>Stresses
the greater </li></ul><ul><li>effectiveness of service delivery through a
</li></ul><ul><li>decentralized system. </li></ul><ul><li>Decentralized
powers are </li></ul><ul><li>utilized for more effective management.
</li></ul>The Significant Provision of RA 7160 (Local Government Code)
34. THE ISSUES/ CONCERNS (a) The inadequacy of the internal revenue shares of
the local government units to meet the budgetary requirements of the devolved
function, programs and projects; (b) The continued lack of budgetary support from
the national government for the full implementation of devolved tertiary health
services; (c) The interference of national government in personnel and fiscal
management of eth local government units; (d) The need to further broaden the tax
base of the local government units; and (e) The need to devolve more power
functions and programs.
35. <ul><li>Issues and Problems in Decentralization </li></ul><ul><li>In the Phil
decentralization is a strategy for development and democratization since the 1950s.
This thrusts, however, have shifted over time. Decentralization in the past focused
on deconcentration (administrative decentralization)
</li></ul><ul><li>Decentralization during the late eighties up to the present
focused on devolution or political decentralization. The government had stepped up
its decentralization efforts by emphasizing devolution. </li></ul>
36. <ul><li>Issues and Problems in Decentralization </li></ul><ul><li>Under the
LGC responsibility sharing and authority sharing, local governments were mandated
to supplement or assist in the delivery of these functions.
</li></ul><ul><li>Decentralization changes have been made to pursue
development and democratization goals. </li></ul><ul><li>Privatization is
another area of decentralization. It is a policy reform that disposes idle GOCCs. Its
an economic and political benefit to national government. </li></ul>
37. <ul><li>Some of the Problems of Decentralization are:
</li></ul><ul><li>Political dynasty (elite dominated politics)

</li></ul><ul><li>It encourages corruption </li></ul><ul><li>

</li></ul><ul><li> </li></ul><ul><li> </li></ul>
38. RELEVANT PROVISIONS OF LOCAL GOVRNMENT CODE OF 1991 Comparative
Study Tour on Local Government Administration and Management Development
Academy of the Philippines, 2006 Reference: