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    Treatment Waste Water

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    Dhiyyah Mardhiyyah
    Primary treatment removes solid and floating materials from wastewater through screening and sedimentation. Secondary treatment uses microbes to break down dissolved organic matter, followed by additional settling. Secondary treatment can remove 85% of solids and biochemical oxygen demand. Tertiary treatment provides additional treatment beyond secondary and can produce effluent close to drinking water quality, but requires more advanced technology, expertise, and resources.

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    Treatment Waste Water

    Uploaded by

    Dhiyyah Mardhiyyah
    22 views2 pages
    Primary treatment removes solid and floating materials from wastewater through screening and sedimentation. Secondary treatment uses microbes to break down dissolved organic matter, followed by additional settling. Secondary treatment can remove 85% of solids and biochemical oxygen demand. Tertiary treatment provides additional treatment beyond secondary and can produce effluent close to drinking water quality, but requires more advanced technology, expertise, and resources.

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    Primary treatment removes solid and floating materials from wastewater through screening and sedimentation. Secondary treatment uses microbes to break down dissolved organic matter, followed by additional settling. Secondary treatment can remove 85% of solids and biochemical oxygen demand. Tertiary treatment provides additional treatment beyond secondary and can produce effluent close to drinking water quality, but requires more advanced technology, expertise, and resources.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    22 views2 pages

    Treatment Waste Water

    Uploaded by

    Dhiyyah Mardhiyyah
    Primary treatment removes solid and floating materials from wastewater through screening and sedimentation. Secondary treatment uses microbes to break down dissolved organic matter, followed by additional settling. Secondary treatment can remove 85% of solids and biochemical oxygen demand. Tertiary treatment provides additional treatment beyond secondary and can produce effluent close to drinking water quality, but requires more advanced technology, expertise, and resources.

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    Widely used terminology refers to three levels of wastewater treatment: primary,

    secondary, and tertiary (or advanced).


    Primary (mechanical) treatment is

    designed to remove gross, suspended and floating solids


    from raw sewage. It includes screening to trap solid objects and sedimentation by
    gravity to remove suspended solids. This level is sometimes referred to as
    mechanical treatment, although chemicals are often used to accelerate the
    sedimentation process. Primary treatment can reduce the BOD of the incoming
    wastewater by 20-30% and the total suspended solids by some 50-60%. Primary
    treatment is usually the first stage of wastewater treatment. Many advanced
    wastewater treatment plants in industrialized countries have started with primary
    treatment, and have then added other treatment stages as wastewater load has
    grown, as the need for treatment has increased, and as resources have become
    available.
    Secondary (biological) treatment removes

    the dissolved organic matter that escapes primary


    treatment. This is achieved by microbes consuming the organic matter as food, and
    converting it to carbon dioxide, water, and energy for their own growth and
    reproduction. The biological process is then followed by additional settling tanks
    (secondary sedimentation", see photo) to remove more of the suspended solids.
    About 85% of the suspended solids and BOD can be removed by a well running
    plant with secondary treatment. Secondary treatment technologies include the basic
    activated sludge process, the variants of pond and constructed wetland systems,
    trickling filters and other forms of treatment which use biological activity to break
    down organic matter.
    Tertiary treatment is

    simply additional treatment beyond secondary! Tertiary treatment


    can remove more than 99 percent of all the impurities from sewage, producing an
    effluent of almost drinking-water quality. The related technology can be very
    expensive, requiring a high level of technical know-how and well trained treatment
    plant operators, a steady energy supply, and chemicals and specific equipment
    which may not be readily available. An example of a typical tertiary treatment
    process is the modification of a conventional secondary treatment plant to remove
    additional phosphorus and nitrogen.

    Disinfection, typically with chlorine, can be the final step before discharge of the
    effluent. However, some environmental authorities are concerned that chlorine
    residuals in the effluent can be a problem in their own right, and have moved away
    from this process. Disinfection is frequently built into treatment plant design, but
    not effectively practiced, because of the high cost of chlorine, or the reduced
    effectiveness of ultraviolet radiation where the water is not sufficiently clear or free
    of particles.

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