TMT4145 Ceramics Engineering

TMT4145 Ceramics
Engineering
Professor Mari-Ann Einarsrud
Department of Materials Science and Engineering
Chemistry Building II
TMT4145 Ceramics Engineering
August 17, 2009
Aim of course
What is a ceramic material?

What kind of properties?
What kind of applications?
How do we make ceramic
materials?
How do we design with
ceramics?
Build up own database of
properties.
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August 17, 2009

Traditional ceramics
Clay based products
Structural ceramics
Used for their mechanical properties
Functional ceramics
Used for other properties than mechanical strength, i.e.
electrical, optical, magnetic properties
August 17, 2009

Glass
Porselen (China)
Glass ceramics
Polycrystalline inorganic
materials
August 17, 2009
Types of ceramic materials
Glass
Amorphous, non-crystalline
Porselen (China)
Large crystals in glass matrix
Heterogeneous microstructure
Glass ceramics
Small crystalline precipiates in glass
matrix
August 17, 2009
Types of ceramic materials

Polycrystalline ceramics, ex.
Alumina
Barum titanate
Silicon carbide
What will determine the

properties:
Chemical composition
Microstructure/Nanostructure
Defect structure
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Polycrystalline ceramics
Structural
Functional
August 17, 2009
Properties and applications Structural ceramics
High hardness
High strength
Brittle
Chemically stable
Refractory
Cutting tools
Abrasives
Part subjected to abrasion
Temperature durable
ceramics
Alumina Al2O3
Zirconia ZrO2
Silicon carbide SiC
Silicon nitride Si3N4
SiAlON
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August 17, 2009
Properties and applications Structural ceramics, SiC
High strength
Ideally: Theoretical strength
Really: Fracture strength much lower
due to defects/microstructure
?
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August 17, 2009
Applications of structural ceramics
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Cutting tools
Abrasives
Part subjected to abrasion
Temperature durable ceramics
Materials for metallurgical
industry
August 17, 2009
Applications of structural ceramics, ex.

Car parts
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August 17, 2009
How to make the ceramics less brittle?
Introduce mechanisms absorbing energy

during crack propagation
Grain pullout
Grain bridging
Domene reorientering
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August 17, 2009
Properties and applications

Functional ceramics
Properties
Applications of functional materials materials often invisible

for us
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Optical
Electronic and ion conducting
Catalytic
Magnetic
Information and communication technology

Energy technology
Process technology - catalysis
Environmental technology
Medical technology
Sensor technology
August 17, 2009
Optical properties
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August 17, 2009
Electrical properties
Electrical insulators (Al2O3)
Ferroelectrica (BaTiO3)
Piezoelectrica (PZT)
Semiconductors (GaN)
Electrical conductors (TiO, SnO2)
Ionic conductors (YSZ)
Mixed conductors (LaCoO3)
Superconductors (YBCO)
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August 17, 2009
Ex.: Use of ionic conductor
Solid oxide fuel cell

Oxygen ion or proton conducting
ceramics
Conversion of natural gas or

hydrogen to electrical power
Low emission of CO2
No emission of NOx
La(Sr)MnO3
H+
LaNbO4
Ni-LaNbO4
H2
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e-
e-
H2O
O2
August 17, 2009
Ceramics for catalysis
Car catalyst
Cordierite, alumina, zirconia
Diesel truck filter

SiC
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August 17, 2009
Effect of micro/nanostructure important

How to control
micro/nanostructure?
Determined by the
preparation of the
ceramics
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August 17, 2009
How do we make ceramic materials?

Powder
Consolidation
Green body
Heat treatment
Polycrystalline ceramics
1 m
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August 17, 2009
Properties Chapter 7,8,9

Physical
Thermal
Mechanical
Processing Chapter 12,13,14+Comp.

Powder processing
Shaping
Densification
Ceramics
Design Chapter 17,18,19,20

Design
Failure analysis
Toughening
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Glass/Glass-ceramics Comp.
August 17, 2009
TMT4145 Ceramic Engineering

Teacher:
Professor Mari-Ann Einarsrud

Room 116 KII, Phone 73594002
e-mail: Mari-Ann.Einarsrud@material.ntnu.no
Student assistant:
Student Mette Grorud
e-mail: mettegr@stud.ntnu.no
Time:
Tuesday 1215-1400/R4 (EU-109 Realfagbygg)
Thursday 1215-1400/R4
Friday 1315-1400/R5 (NEW TIME???)
Examination: December 18, 2009
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August 17, 2009
Curriculum
-
D. W. Richerson: "Modern Ceramic Engineering", Taylor and

Francis, Third ed, 2006.
Compendium containing:
- J. Zarzycki: "Glasses and the Vitreous State", Cambridge
University Press, 1991.
- I.C. McColm og N.J. Clark: "High-Performance Ceramics",
Blackie and Son, 1988.
- H.M. Jang, "Colloid Interface Science for Ceramic Powder
Processing", in Chemical Processing of Ceramics, B.I. Lee and
E.J.A. Pope, eds., Marcel Dekker, New York, 1994.
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August 17, 2009
Course information
13 exercises will be given throughout the semester. At least 7
have to be handed in and approved by the stud. ass.
Mandatory project work which covers most of the curriculum.
Group work.
Portfolio assessment: Final written exam (75%) and project
work (25%).
Information and exercises will be given on Its learning.
Excursion in October/November.
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August 17, 2009
CURRICULUM
1. CERAMICS PROCESSING/MATERIALS PROPERTIES
a) D. W. Richerson: "Modern Ceramic Engineering Properties, Processing and Use in Design ",
Taylor&Francis, 2006:
Part I
Chap. 7:
"Physical and Thermal Behavior", p. 183-209
Chap. 8:
"Mechanical Behavior and Measurement", p. 211-242.
Chap. 9.
" Time, Temperature, and Environmental Effects on Properties", p. 243-283.
Part II
Chap. 12:
"Powder Processing", p. 371-402.
Chap. 13:
"Shape-Forming Processes", p. 403-476.
Chap.14:
"Densification", p. 477-527.
Part III
Chap. 17:
"Design Considerations", p. 573-579.
Chap. 18:
"Design Approaches", p. 581-594.
Chap. 19:
"Failure Analysis", p. 595-623.
Chap. 20:
"Toughening of Ceramics", p. 625-682.
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b)
I.C. McColm and N.J. Clark: "High-Performance Ceramics", Blackie and Son, 1988:
Chap. 1:
"Introduction and Identification of Study Areas: Interface and Defect
Science", p. 30 - p. 36 and p. 50 - p. 51.
Chap. 4:
"Processing stage 3 - Transformation to final shape", p. 208 - p. 246.
c)
H.M. Jang, "Colloid Interface Science for Ceramic Powder Processing", in Chemical Processing of
Ceramics, B.I. Lee and E.J.A. Pope, eds., Marcel Dekker, New York, 1994. 24 pages.
August 17, 2009
CURRICULUM
2. GLASS AND GLASS CERAMICS

J. Zarzycki: "Glasses and the vitreous state",
Cambridge University Press, 1991:
Chap. 3:
"Condition for vitrification - Kinetic
theories", p. 48-64.
Chap. 6:
"Phase separation in glasses", p. 148160.
Chap. 16:
"Glass ceramics", p. 422-431
Chap. 17:
"Elements of glass technology", p. 432436.
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August 17, 2009
WEEK
DAY
TOPIC
TEACHER
____________________________________________________________________
34
Tuesday
Chapter 7 Richerson
Einarsrud
Thursday
Chapter 7 Richerson
Einarsrud
Friday
Chapter 8 Richerson
Einarsrud
_____________________________________________________________________
Tuesday
Chapter 8 Richerson
Einarsrud
35
Thursday
Exercise 1
Grorud
Friday
Exercise 2
Grorud
_____________________________________________________________________
36
Tuesday
Thursday
Chapter 8 Richerson
Chapter 9 Richerson
Einarsrud
Einarsrud
Friday
Exercise 3
Grorud
_____________________________________________________________________
Tuesday
37
26
Einarsrud
Thursday
Chapter 12 Richerson
Einarsrud
Friday
Einarsrud
_____________________________________________________________________
Tuesday
38
Chapter 9 Richerson
Exercise 4
Grorud
Thursday
Einarsrud
Friday
Project work 1
Einarsrud/Grorud
_____________________________________________________________________
August 17, 2009

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