E D U C A T I O N

The
Reflected
Works
The Warren Standard Number 2

1924

The Warren Standard Number 2

For more than a century,

through various names and
incarnations, our message
and mission have remained
the sameto make the means
through which the world
communicates better and
more beautiful.
We have a strong history of helping printers and creatives
make smart decisions when it comes to making the
most of readily available print technologies. Our go-to
resources, vetted by experience, have created an
ownable space for Sappi as an upholder of standards
and creator of new ones.

Explore The Warren Standard Number 2 from 1924 to see

how weve always helped customers get the best printing
results from our paperssomething we continue to do
today. By looking back through the pages, we can look
forward to a future of exciting possibilities.

1924

Visit sappietc.com

II MP

THE
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WARREN
STANDARD

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FEWER DOLLARS FOR POSTAGE

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MORE DOLLARS FOR PRINTED

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KEEPING THE HARD-WORKING

SALESMAN HAPPY

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And also
A TALK ON THE MECHANICS
OF HANDLING WARREN'S THINTEXT

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DOLLARS SAVED IN POSTAGE give more dollars for printed messages or for sending messages to more
people. The reproductions on this page show but a few of the many attractive and effective ways in which
Warren's Thintext has helped advertisers to economically deliver their advertising message's. Note the
combination of material shown on the scales which, because of the use of Warren's Thintext,saved $8,64O
in postage. (See page 1 for details.)

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PACKAGE INSERTS many times must fit into very small and compact spaces, yet must, to be most effective, reproduce halftone illustrations well. Warren's Thintext fills every requirement of such insertsit
folds smoothly to the very smallest sizes and has a printing surface which reproduces type, halftone and
color printing perfectly. The package inserts reproduced above show a few of the many uses of Warren's
Thintext for messages of this character.

maTil1E,TT1P

-1,

INTERNA1 IGNAL
,71 C1
RV_

BOUND VOLUMES, whether publications of fiction or books containing data or pictures of merchandise,
are easier to handle and more desirable if light in weight and compact. Technical books and catalogs,for
instance, that are designed for constant reference will be used to a greater extent and because of this
produce greater sales if printed on a thin paper such as Warren's Thintext. Some books previously
printed on heavy papers and reprinted on Warren's Thintext have shown greatly increased sales. Some
comparisons of light and heavy volumes are shown above.

411111=1

THE WARREN STANDARD

In which will be published from time to time articles
on various paper and printing problems
Number 2

S. D. WARREN COMPANY, BOSTON

1924

FEWER DOLLARS FOR POSTAGE

MORE DOLLARS FOR PRINTED PIECES
that a salesman spends
Tand thecarfare
amount of gasoline he burns
HE

contribute nothing to his earnings.

Except that the money spent this
way makes it possible for him to reach
his prospects and customers.
Stamps in advertising expenditures
are in this same category.
The stamp is a ticket. It tells the
postman that an advertising message
is entitled to transportation. It costs
money. It contributes nothing, however, to advertising returns.
It is the advertising message and not
the stamp that brings returns and influences purchases and good will.
Dollars saved in stamps mean,therefore, more dollars for printed messages.
Dollars saved in stamps enable the advertiser to send more or better messages
to the same list or to send his messages
to a larger list.
In either case, more returns are
secured for dollars invested. And this
begets greater belief in the power of direct advertising. Greater belief in direct
advertising means more busy presses
and more paper sales.
Warren's Thintext is a stamp saver.
It gives the advertiser the maximum
in square inches of paper background
with minimum bulk and weight.

It takes both halftone and type impressions well.

Here are some testimonials about
stamp saving.
One advertiser wanted to reduce the
postage on the mailing of an edition of
432,000 Annual Financial Reports.
The Financial Reports were to be sent
out in a No. 10 envelope, containing
a letter 83/i x 14 inches in size and the
dividend check. The Financial Report
was, with the aid of very small size
type, condensed to the minimum number of pages, size 3% x 83/2, to fit the
No. 10 envelope, and even then it required 16 pages and cover.
On previous editions of the same
combination of material the cost of
mailing was 4 cents first-class postage.
With the use of Warren's Thintext for
the 16 pages in the Annual Financial
Report booklet the postage was reduced to e cents first-class postage.
And the result to the advertiser was a
gross saving of $8,640.
The story of the production of this
Financial Report booklet on Warren's
Thintext is extremely interesting because of the net saving to the advertiser even though Warren's Thintext
costs considerably more per pound than
paper previously used.

The job required 144 reams of 36 x

48 Warren's Thintext. It was run on a
cylinder pressfed by a Cross automatic
continuous type of feed and press production averaged 1100 impressions
per hour.
The job was folded in a sheet size
16 x 18 and the average folder production was 2600 per hour.
With these figures checked against
previous runs the estimated net saving
to the advertiser was 87,626.24.
Not all advertisers have editions of
similar large quantity, but there are
many now making use of 45 and 50
pound papers to reduce weight who
will find in Warren's Thintext an opportunity to cut their postage one or
two cents per mailing list name,
thereby make substantial savings over
a year's time.
Another advertiser had a double advantage in the use of Warren's Thintext on an edition of 10,000 booklets.
A booklet was planned to contain
considerable statistical information
which the advertiser desired very
much should be carried and used frequently by those who were to receive
it. If the booklet could be arranged to
fold to pocket size, it was believed that
a worth while percentage of the mailing list would carry and use it.
By printing the 83
4 x 11 inch booklet on Warren's Thintext, rather than
on heavier paper,it was possible to fold
it twice to a compact size of 33
4x
which would slip into the pocket easily
and be available for ready reference.
And making sure the information
was put up in such form that it would
be used regularly, was not the only
advantage in using Warren's Thintext

for this job. With the use of Warren's

Thintext, it was possible to cut down
the mailing cost 2 cents on each copy
and on the edition of 10,000 booklets
save $200 on the mailing of the issue.
The following extract is from a letter reporting a test made on Warren's
Thintext by an organization issuing
syndicated stories for newspapers.
"Ever since last March 15, when
the income tax was due, I've been sore
at the Government. I welcomed a way
to beat 'em out of postage. However,
I was afraid of this Thintext; it seemed
as unholy as any other something-fornothing scheme, because the saving
made in postage is more than the cost
of Thintext. As a result, I split the
order, having half of the run printed
on M.F., as in the good old past, and
the other half on Thintext. Now, after
seeing and handling the completed job,
I sit here in tears as I watch the office
boy stick six cents in stamps on one
stack of envelopes and four cents
worth on the other."
While this organization spends considerable money for postage to place
copies of the stories available in the
hands of their prospects and are naturally vitally interested in reducing postage costs in every way possible, their
stories must be presented in attractive
and readable form. That Warren's
Thintext has satisfactorily filled their
requirements with its clean-cut, sharp
reproduction of small type and line
cuts and at a substantial saving in
money is evidence that it is truly an
economy paper for many forms of mail
material.
Further details and names of these
advertisers gladly furnished on request.

( 2)

LIGHT-WEIGHT COMPACT BOOKS

II arren.$ Thintext because of its very light weight makes compact books of many pages
available. 1184 pages, btwi., 24 lb., are contained in a book one inch thick and a book of
1,000 pages, basis 24 lb., 634 x 834, with hard cover, weighs only twenty-three ounces

THE BUYER DOESN'T "CUSS" A BULKY

CUMBERSOME REFERENCE BOOK OFTENHE JUSTS STOPS USING IT

shelf, or at the bottom of a pile of other

HE experience of chain cigar stores
and chain grocery stores should mean books.
They collect few orders.
something to those who issue catalogs,
They are too busy collecting dust.
data books and reference books.
Warren's Thintext turns stolid dustA store located on one corner makes
corinto active order-collectors.
collectors
opposite
the
to
Moved
no profit.
It turns heavy, stay-at-home data
ner, it turns red figures into black.
and reference books into pocket comThe lesson is this:
A buying public that won't cross the panions.
Through the use of Warren's Thinstreet to buy what it wants and needs
won't juggle bulky cumbersome books text, the advertiser can put a large
number of items into a catalog or an
to get information.
Buyers don't have to wrestle with immense amount of data into a referbulky cumbersome books.Someone will ence book. And the book will still be
light, compact and convenient.
cater to their convenience.
Samples are shown on one of the
cumbersome
bulky,
So awkward,
books find their place eventually on a back cover pages.
[3)

DATA BOOKS IN VEST POCKET SIZE

Compact, convenient information makes selling easier. Warren's Thintext makes it

easy to provide salesmen with necessary data in accessible form. Printed an Warren's
Thintext, basis 24 lb., a 3 x 6 book of 800 pages can be carried in the vest pocket

LO, THE HAPPY SALESMAN

With a Bit of a Grin
And a Lifted Chin Kipling

You may recall the day when you were

a cub salesman. Perhaps you are yet.
You were told on the first day:
To wear a clean collar.
To keep your shoes shined,
To keep your clothes pressed.
To keep cooland cheerful.
And keep going.
These were and still are good instructions. Provided the salesman
starts with no unnecessary handicaps.
No salesman can keep going and cool
and cheerful if his arm is being gradually dragged from its socket by a needlessly heavy sample case.
Nor can he look like Lord Chesterfield if his inside or side coat pocket is
fattened with a data book that equals
in bulk an unabridged 'dictionary.

The salesman in such a predicament

has two choices: He may disregard the
instructions about personal appearance, or he may leave behind a
few heavy catalogs and take from the
data book the pages he uses least.
And if like most good salesmen he
is particular about personal appearance, he will probably do the latter.
And this may mean lost orders.
So it is good business to make catalogs to be carried in bags and data and
reference books to be carried in pockets, light and compact.
The salesman will be happy. He will
sell more goods because he will carry the
complete data which influences sales.
Warren's Thintext makes light, compact catalogs and data books.
4}

IS WARREN'S THINTEXT DIFFICULT TO HANDLE IN

THE PRESSROOM AND BINDERY?
THIS QUESTION IS ANSWERED HERE BY GIVING THE
EXPERIENCE OF SOME PRINTERS

"How many impressions per hour can

part of the job by pressmen and operators. On cylinder presses with automatic feeds for instance, a little more
care must be taken in adjusting tensions on the feed comber wheels. Grippers, stripper fingers, delivery rolls all
must be set slightly different and to a
little closer adjustment than for heavier sheets. On automatic job presses
good performance depends to a great
degree upon control of air, both suction
and blow, and upon gripper tension.
On folding machines, Thintext naturally has more "give" when it hits the
"stops" or "guides" and tensions must
be carefully set to slow the sheet down
a little quicker than when handling
heavier paper.
With fairly accurate machine adjustments to suit the speed at which it
may reasonably be handled, Warren's
Thintext will give performance equal
to heavier sheets and with no more
bother or delay.
This seems pretty well established
by the reports we have received from
pressrooms and binderies where Warren's Thintext has been handled and
from such records as we have been able
to gather in checking the production
on various types of presses and folders.
Pressroom and bindery experiences to
(late in handling Warren's Thintext
would seem to indicate that the following production averages might well
be expected, for in our records we have
endeavored to cover many kinds of
forms and operating conditions:

be gotten on Warren's Thintext?" This

is, perhaps, the first question'a printer
will ask when Warren's Thintext is
suggested as a booklet,folder or broadside paper.
"How fast can it be folded?" probably will be the second.
We have asked printers who handle
Thintext to answer these questions. On
the following pages are stories of their
experiences, together with pictures covering some of the many suggestions they
have offered.
Trouble in handling Thintext either
on presses or folders comes as one
superintendent put it, "largely before
the job actually goes to press. Once a
pressman handles it. he is surprised to
find Thintext is not the trouble breeder
he thought it was going to be."
As a matter of fact, in every pressroom where Thintext has been handled,
you will find a pressman who is proud
of his achievement in producing Thintext jobs on nearly the same run per
hour basis as 50 and 6011). papers. They
will tell you "it's all a matter of adjustment." And probably that does very
accurately and completely tell the story
of good pressroom and bindery performance on Thintext jobs.
It is true more care must be given to
adjustment of both presses and folders
when handling a 24 or 30 lb. sheet of
Warren's Thintext than when handling
heavier sheets, but correct adjustments
are simple matters, taken largely as a
5

Presses
CylinderHand feed-1,000 sheets
per hour
Automatic feed-1200 to
1500 per hour
Job PressAutomatic feed-1500
to 2,000 per hour
Folders
Hand or automatic feed-2,000 to
3,000 per hour
We believe these figures may be
taken as a conservative basis for judging production of Warren's Thintext
jobs, because we know in many cases a
much greater output is being obtained.
For instance, on one run that came to
our attention, 350 reams of 25 x 38-30
Thintext handled on an automatically
fed Miehle press, the actual production
was timed at 2280 per hour. An excellent example of high speed consistent folder production is that cited
on page 2, where a 432,000 sheet
run (size 16 x 18) averaged 2600 per
hour.
It is well in starting to handle Warren's Thintext for the first time in a
pressroom or bindery to realize it is
quite different in "feel" and "body"
from coated paper and that it will act
differently on the machines. A little
time and experience will greatly increase both the quantity and quality of
the work produced by pressman and
folder operators.
In every discussion of handling Warren's Thintext beyond the questions of
"How much per hour"are questions on how to overcome some kinks
that have occurred either on the presses
or folders. On the following pages are a
number of pictures and captions which
cover the points most likely to bother
those who have had no experience
handling Warren's Thintext.

HAND FEEDING WARREN'S

THINTEXT
Large sheets of Warren's Thintext
are quite different in "feel" from almost any other sheet that is likely to
come to the press and because of this
cannot be handled with quite the same
"snap and swing" given the heavier
sheet when being fed to the gauges.
There Is nothing particularly difficult, however, in swinging a sheet of
Warren's Thintext to the gauges and
with a little experience at slow speed
any feeder will soon be handling it at
usual speed.
Feeders have found it easier to"pull"
or "draw"feed Warren's Thintext than
to "push" feed it and on jobs being
printed only one side it might be well
to plan feeding that way. The reason
for this is, when "pull" feeding there is
very little sidewise slide necessary because the sheet is carried close to the
side guide and there is little chance for
the sheet to buckle.
When it is necessary to "push" feed
a sheet of Warren's Thintext,as in the
case of a work and turn form,it is well
to try to hit both front guides at the
same time and in carrying the sheet to
the front guides have it as close to the
side guide as possible. This shortens
the length of the necessary sidewise
slide and will help overcome any tendency to buckle. If the sheet strikes
one front gauge before the other, there
may be a tendency to buckle up slightly
as shown in the picture, top of page
7, making it necessary to pull the sheet
back, trip the press and start again.
If frequent, this means lost production but it can be readily overcome if,
as suggested, care is taken to strike
both gauges at one time.
(Continued on page 9)

HAND FEEDING WARREN'S THINTEXT-PUSH FEED

When push feeding large sheets of Warren's Thintext, carry the sheet close to side guide
hitting both front guides at once. Otherwise, one corner is likely to roll up slightly,
as pictured above, and interfere with sliding toward side guide

HAND FEEDING WARREN'S THINTEXT-PULL FEED

Most feeders find it easier to pull or draw feed large sheets of Warren's Thintext since
very little slide sidewise is necessary because of the natural tendency when pull feeding
to carry the sheet close to the side guide. See automatic feed pictures, page 21
[7 1

DELIVERING WARREN'S THINTEXT SHEETS FROM CYLINDER

A top guide roll set on the cylinder, as shown above, will help greatly in obtaining
uniform delivery of large Warren's Thintext sheets. This gives an even, steady control
of the sheet until it reaches the next drive roll which should be placed as shown below

UNIFORM DELIVERY OF LARGE WARRENS TIIINTEXT SHEETS

A guide roll on the slitter bar will help obtain smooth, uniform delivery of large sheets
of Warren's Thintext onto delivery tapes and jogger. This carries each sheet out exactly the same distance. If there is electricity in the paper the guide roll is very necessary
181

WARREN'S THINTEXT LIES FLAT AND SMOOTH ON CYLINDER

The illustration above shows a sheet of 38 x 50basis 24 lb. Warren's Thintext being
printed with a heavyform made up of heavy line cuts and type. A careful examination of
the sheet between grippers and on cylinder shows how care in setting gripper tension and
a flat ntakeready has helped eliminate any tendency to wrinkle

AUTOMATIC FEEDERS ON
WARREN'S THINTEXT

DELIVERY OF WARREN'S THINTEXT ON CYLINDER PRESSES

Unless an unusual amount of elec-

So far as we have been able to determine there is no special adjustment or

attachment necessary to handle Warren's Thintext at good speed with any
of the various types of automatic feeds.
The press run figures quoted on page
2 are evidence that its feeder was working smoothly. Other forms of automatic
feeds work equally well. Those depending on "blow" and "suction" air for
handling the sheet readily adapt themselves 1,o Warren's Thintext and operate smoothly with very little air
pressure.
Pictures of some of the various
automatic feeds handling Warren's
Thintext are shown on pages 10, 12
and 21.

tricity has accumulated in the Warren's Thintext to be run, there should

be no difficulty in delivering it as
smoothly as a 50 or 60 lb. paper.
If Thintext has accumulated considerable electricity, it, like all other
papers, will cause some trouble until
the electricity has been removed.
Outside of the usual troubles from
electricity, there should be nothing to
retard thesmooth delivery of Thintextif
the usual care has been taken in adjustment of shoo-fly and stripper fingers.
It may be well to always use a guide
roll set on top of the cylinder as shown
in the picture at the top of page 8. This
will help first to hold the sheet smooth
on the cylinder before it is printed and

(Continued from page 6)

[9J

FEEDING WARREN'S THINTEXT ON KELLY PRESSES

Feeding Warren's Thintcxt at good speed on Kelly presses is not extremely difficult.
The picture above indicates the air adjustment used on Warren's Thintext by one Kelly
pressman who handles it very successfully and maintains a production equal to that when
running 60 lb. or 70 lb. paper

after the sheet is printed it gives an

even steady control on the sheet until
it reaches the next roll, which should
be set on the slitter bar as shown in the
lower picture on page 8. This second
roll will help to drive the sheet well out
on the delivery tapes in proper timing,
so it will carry smoothly into thejogger.
The picture at the top of page 9 is
also shown to demonstrate how care in
setting gripper tension and an even,flat
makeready will help to eliminate any
tendency of thin papers to wrinkle.
Note how snugly the sheet of Thintext
hugs the cylinder and that there is no indication of a buckle between grippers.
HANDLING WARREN'S THINTEXT
ON KELLY PRESSES
Kelly press operators are handling
Warren's Thintext cut to various size

sheets at speeds which average a remarkable daily output and doing it

with little annoyance because of the
light weight of the paper.
If there are any outstanding points
in the handling of Thintext on Kelly
presses that need particular attention,
they are:
First, to be sure the paper has conic
from the cutter in a perfectly flat
condition and is in shape to be
readily separated by the air feed
(see story on cutting Thintext,
pages 15 to 18).
Second, to see that the air is adjusted properly at the feed.
Third, to adjust properly the "tail
riders" which steady the sheet
against the guides.
If Warren's Thintext has been

( 10 )

(Continued on page 13)

THINTEXT
ADJUSTMENT OF "TAIL RILERS" FOR WARREN'S

It should be set, as
For Warren's Thintext use only the lightest weight "tail rider."found all the weight
shown above, on the very back edge of the sheet. 7'his has been smoothly at speed
necessary to hold Warren's Thintext to the guides and to work

AS OTHER SHEETS
DELIVERY OF WARREN'S THINTEXT HANDLED SAME

Thintext. Guide
This picture shows the Kelly delivery handling a sheet of Warren's
so far as we
rolls are in position as on all jobs and no special provision is necessary,
know, to deliver Warren's Thintext satisfactorily even at Kelly speed
( 11

MILLER FEEDER HANDLING WARREN'S THINTEXT

The succeseul handling of Warren's Thintext by the Miller Feeder starts first with
a careful adjustment of the air at the Separator Feet. The "A" Separator Feet should
be used and very little air will be needed to separate sheets of Warren's Thintext

MILLER FEEDER GRIPPER TENSION FOR WARREN'S THINTE X T

Use the lightest possible gripper tension for Warren's Thintext. One pressman u.11,,
successfully handles Warren's Thintext on the Miller Feeder removes the coil spritip
from the feed grippers, using only the natural closing of the gripper for tension
12

NO SPECIAL DELIVERY FINGER ADJUSTMENT NEEDED

The delivery fingers of the Miller Feeder are so finely adjusted no further adjustment
of tension is needed to handle Warren's Thintext as readily as heavier papers. The
picture above shows the delivery fingers holding a sheet of Thintextfrom a run it tow
handling at a speed of 2,160 per hour
(Continuedfrom page 10)
the practice of using the light weight
carefully handled at the cutter so there set placed half-way back on the sheet
are no deeply indented clamp marks and and the medium weight set placed at
no crimped edges caused by a dull cut- the back edge. Experience seems to
ter knife to interfere with the ready show, however, that at high speed
separation of the sheets by the "blow" greater smoothness may be obtained
air, there is little difficulty in regulating with the use of only the lightest weight
the feed on Kelly presses to handle "tail rider." See picture top page 11.
Warren's Thintext as rapidly as it can
S THINTEXT
be put through other parts of the press. HANDLING WARREN'
WITH MILLER FEEDERS
necesbe
will
pressure
air
little
Very
To see the smoothness with which
sary to "lift" and "carry" the sheet
Thintext is handled by the
Warren's
perfectly.
leads one to think weight
Feeder
WarMiller
Kelly pressmen have found
ren's Thintext handles mostsmoothly at of paper makes little difference to the
the gaugesif only one"tail rider"is used. operating efficiency of these feeders.
The job being run when the pictures
They invariably use the lightest set and
d on pages 12 and 13 were
as
reproduce
sheet
place it at the back edge of the
timed at an average prowas
page
taken
of
top
the
at
picture
the
in
shown
per hour. (Sheet size
2,160
of
with
duction
11. It is possible to run Thintext
two riders and some pressmen follow 9 x 12 inches.) That consistent pro-

{ 13 )

SETTING MILLER REGISTER FORK FOR WARREN'S THINTEXT

It is well to adjust the Register Fork tension

with considerable carefor a run of Warren's

Thintext. Because ofits extreme light weight, it requires very little sidewise push to carry
it to the side guide and not cause a wrinkle which may throw out register. Use lightest
possible tension

duction was also maintained is evidenced by the fact entire lifts were run
without trouble from paper causes of
any kind.
There are three adjustments that require special attention in setting the
Miller Feeder to handle Warren's Thintext, (1) the air at the feed, (2) the
gripper tension and (3) the register
fork.
In setting up the feed, it is well to
use the"A"separator feet for Thintext
and only the very lightest air pressure
will be needed.
Most pressmen experienced in running Thintext have found in setting
the gripper tension that smoothest
results are obtained with only the
natural closing of the grippers themselves. They eliminate all additional
pressure by taking the coil springs out

of the grippers altogether and find the

lighter gripper tension works perfectly.
The Miller Register Fork adjustment for handling Warren's Thintext
is rather a delicate one. In setting this
adjustment, it is well to have it just
tight enough to hold the weight of the
sheet itself, or just tension enough to
be sure it will slide up to the side guide
firmly but without crowding. With a
little care in making this adjustment
at the start of the run, however, no
difficulty will be encountered in handling Thintext at good speed and with
perfect register.
The delivery gripper fingers will need
no special attention. They are delicately enough adjusted to adapt themselves readily to the light weight of
Thintext and handle it very accurately.

[ 14

TROUBLE
HANDLING THIN PAPERS CAREFULLY HELPS AVOID

operators by
It is very easy to cause a lot of trouble for pressmen and folding machine
the above
in
shown
that
as
handling
Such
paper.
thin
of
lifts
of
careless handling
impossipicture will put folds, wrinkles and buckles in the paper that make it nearly
ble to handle it smoothly through presses and folders

HANDLING WARREN'S THINTEXT AT THE CUTTER

S
MUCH TIME AND TROUBLE ON PRESSES AND FOLDER
G
CUTTIN
IN
CARE
R
PROPE
BY
CAN BE SAVED

important to start right in handproduction of quality printing

the
ling
on Warren's Thintextto eliminate at
the start asfar as possible the likelihood
of trouble on presses and folders by
careful handling of the sheets when
being unpacked and cut.
When you see a job of fine printing
on thin papers, you know someone has
used care in the handling of the paper
and also through each step in the production of the job from the time the
case was opened until the finished job
was packed and delivered.
If thin paper is to be printed and
folded in the full sheet, the care necesT is

sary is largely a matter of right handling as it is taken from the case and
placed on the machines or piled. It is
very easy to put permanent waves or
buckles in thin papers and particular
care should be taken to keep the paper
just as flat as it was in the case.
Thin paper in large sheets which has
been handled carelessly and as a result
has developed waves or buckles, will
later cause trouble on the press and
folding machine. Such trouble would
not be encountered with flat paper. On
page 9 is a picture showing how flat
Warren's Thintext will lay on the cylinder if it has been properly handled.

115)

USE FLAT CLAMP WHEN CUTTING THIN PAPERS

This pictuie shows one operator adjusting the flat steelface to his cutter clamp to help
keep the individual clamp headsfrom marking and indenting thin papers. This is one
good method of guarding against annoying press and folder delays
Such sheets may be printed without
the slightest tendency to wrinkle and
will be delivered to the folder in good
condition for folding.
Thin paper cut to small sizes for
handling on small presses with automatic feeds presents a more difficult
problem so far as the handling and cutting is concerned and it is with such
lots we suggest particular care be taken.
Steady running and quantity production of jobs printed on thin paper by
automatically fed job presses depend
to a great degree upon the ease with
which the sheets may be separated by
the feeder and handled with speed by
the automatic gripper arrangements
for feeding and delivering the sheet.
It is much easier to putdamaging cutter clamp marks into thin papers than
heavier coated papers.And these heavily indented clamp marks are one of

the results of careless handling at the

cutter that make it hard to properly
adjust the blow and suction air of automatic feeds so the feed will operate
smoothly. The top of a lift having these
strong clamp indentions will require
more air, both blow and suction, to
handle it speedily than sheets further
down in the lift which are perfectly flat.
When the flat sheets are reached, and
the air has been set strongly enough
to rapidly separate the indented sheets,
trouble is likely to result from two or
moresheets being'picked up at one time.
Another result of careless cutting
which makes it difficult to rapidly separate sheets of thin paper is the "roll"
or "crimp" likely to occur along the
edge of the top of every lift cut with a
dull cutter knife. Until these sheets
have been run out more air will be
needed to separate them probably than

( 16 1

CUTTING

WARREN'S TIIINTEXT FOR AUTOMATIC FEEDS REQUIRES CARE

The illustration above shows a lift of Warren's Thintext which has been cut after the
flat steel face had been adjusted to the cutter clamp. Notice there are no indentions or
clamp marks to interfere with accurate speedy operation of a mechanical feeder

for the flat sheets of paper lower in is not the case, however. But it is true
that the man operating the cutter can
the lift.
And even after a sheet of thin paper add much to the burden of printing
cut in this way has been through the thin papers or with a little precaution
automatic feeders and done its part he can deliver cut sheets in such shape
to make life miserable for the press- they may be handled as readily as 60
man it still is a trouble maker. The or 70 lb. sheets.
And the precautions necessary to
folder operator is the next one likely to
take at the cutter are simple. Bear in
encounter trouble.
To obtain accurate register on fold- mindflat smooth sheets must be deing machines when handling thin paper, livered to the presses and folders. To
there must be no crimped or curled accomplish this is not at all difficult
edges to catch on rolls or tapes and no for an experienced operator who knows
heavy clamp-indention marks which the condition of his knife and who
will tend to cause buckling or wrinkling. realizes it is in his power to greatly
We have purposely pointed out in help his associates in the production
(Ici ail the troubles which are apt to oc- of good printing on thin papers at
cur in the handling of thin papers reasonable operating speed.
Some of the simple precautions
even to the extent perhaps of making
it seem that ideal conditions must al- which will help greatly to insure flat
ways exist to get reasonable produc- smooth sheets of thin paper when cut
tion when handling thin paper. Such to small sizes are shown in the pictures
1 17

ANOTHER METHOD OF CUTTING WARREN'S THINTEXT

This picture shows another method of cutting Warren's Thintext which will help insure
good press production by delivery of only perfectly flat sheets to automatically fed job
presses. A sheet of pulp board is placed on top of the lift before clamping and cutting

on pages 16, 17 and 18. In the picture

shown on page 17,the operator,understanding conditions surrounding the
handling of thin paper,has adjusted the
flat steel plate(which is a part of nearly
every cutter equipment) underneath
the regular clamp. In this manner he is
sure of eliminating the many sharp indentions from the points of the interlocking clamp.
The only objection to this method is
that if too thick a lift is cut at one
time a straight crease will be made by
the edge of the flat steel plate,full width
of the sheet, parallel with the cut edge.
This may not be serious, but it can
be entirely eliminated if desired by
the method shown in the picture
above.

The method followed is to first attach

flat clamp, then before cutting place
a sheet of pulp board on top of the lift
to be cut. In this way, the clamp does
not come in actual contact with the
paper and there is no chance of marking or creasing the paper in any way.
Whatever method is followed in
cutting thin papers, it is always well
to cut only small lifts, bearing in mind
thin papers have more "spring" or
"give" than heavy coated papers and
are therefore more receptive to pressure from any source.
Reasonable precaution in handling
thin papers at the cutter will save
many hours and help eliminate much
of the trouble that sometimes arises in
the pressroom and bindery.

[ 18 1

HANDLING WARREN'S THINTEXT ON FOLDING

MACHINES

IF, in the light of the experiences of

those bindery operators who have
handled the folding of many different
kinds of Thintext jobs, we were to
answer the questions of "How fast and
how well can Warren's Thintext be
folded?" the answer would probably
be something like this"Nearly as fast
and just as accurately as any sheet,
once the machines are set for it."
And so it can be. On the folding
machine as on the presses, little more
difficulty is encountered because of the
light weight of Warren's Thintext than
is likely to be found in handling sheets
of heavier weights.
There are also some ways in which it
is much easier to turn out a perfectly
folded job from Thintext sheets than
it is from heavier coated sheets. For
instance, no difficulty will be encountered because the grain runs the wrong
way of the fold. Warren's Thintext
folds well either way of the sheet. This
is of course because of the extreme light
weight of the sheet and its great flexibility. No difficulty will be encountered because the paper has been exposed to excessively dry atmosphere
and become brittle. There will be no
cracked or broken folded edges. While
it is true Thintext, the same as all
other papers, will fold better and
smoother if it contains a proper amount
of moisture, if it should become excessively dry the usual folding troubles
of coated papers will not be encountered in any serious degree.
Since it is through careful attention
to minor adjustments that operators
are able to so smoothly handle the fold-

ing of Warren's Thintext, we are showing on the following pages pictures of

some of the adjustments which help
them iron out the kinks in folding thin
papers.
In some of these pictures we have
gone so far as to show a comparison of
results which may be expected from
both improper adjustment and proper
adjustment. Where we have done this,
it has been for the purpose of more
graphically picturing the method of
overcoming the difficulty and is not in
any sense an indication that more
trouble may be expected at those
points on the machine than at others.
Neither do they indicate that more
trouble will be encountered on one type
of folding machine than on another.
Experience has proved that Warren's
Thintext may be folded successfully, at
a reasonable speed,on any type of folding machine.
These pictures will show the troubles
likely to occur and suggest a remedy
which if followed will help to immediately overcome the difficulty. These
pictures are shown for that purpose
alone.
In taking the pictures of folding operations, we have purposely shown one
type of machine handling a large sheet
with an automatic feed and another
type of machine handling a smaller
sheet and hand fed, in order that we
might show as great a variety of feeding and folding conditions as is possible.
The two pictures on page 21 show
the automatic feed attached to a Dexter folder and handling sheets of 25
38-24 Warren's Thintext. The picture

I 19

at the top of the page is taken from an

angle which showsclearly how smoothly
large sheets of Thintext "fan out"and
ride down to the comber wheels without the slightest difficulty from bunching or buckling.
The lower picture on page 21 shows
a close-up of the comber wheels of the
same feeder. The pressure adjustment
of these comber wheels is about the
only adjustment that needs special attention when handling Thintext with
this type of automatic feed.
Note in this picture the pressure on
the comber wheel makes very little
indention in the pile of Thintext. The
operator has found Thintext requires
very little pressure to feed smoothly
and makes a practice of removing all
screw pressure, the weight of the
comber wheel itself being sufficient.
Too much pressure creates a tendency
to jam or crowd Thintext against the
gauges too hard, causing trouble from
buckling.
In order to obtain accurate folding
of Warren's Thintext on machines of
the tape type, it is necessary to give
careful attention to the speed and
force with which the sheet strikes the
front guide. This is particularly true on
the first fold where there is only one
thickness of the paper. Warren's Thintext is so light in weight and therefore
so flexible, if it strikes the front guide
with too hard a bump it is bound to
buckle up along the side striking the
guide and cause trouble by not always
straightening out before the blade
forces it between the folding rolls. The
picture at the top of page 22shows how
one operator sets the two rubber slow
downs on the back side of the sheet to
overcome this difficulty. Note the sheet
is first placed about 3A of an inch away
from the guide and then the stops

lowered on to the sheet sufficiently

strong to slow down the sheet when it
arrives at this point, allowing it to ease
up to the guide in a perfectly flat condition and in shape for perfect register.
The steel slow downs are placed as
usual but with very light tension.
Easing up on the tension of the tapes
will also help in lessening the draw on
the sheet by retarding somewhat the
speed with which the sheet travels.
After the sheet of Warren's Thintext
has been folded once it has body enough
to stand the usual bump of hitting the
guide without causing trouble of any
kind. The lower picture on page 22
shows the second fold set on a Thintext sheet with the steel slow downs
and wooden drive-up wheels in their
usual positions. Very little tension will
be found necessary on the steel slow
downs even on this fold.
That it is not unusually difficult to
handle folding of Warren's Thintext on
folding machines of the tape type is
evidenced by consistent and uniform
production pictured at the top of page
23.This picture shows the results
which may be reasonably expected with
proper care given to the adjustments
mentioned above. This jogger full of
folded sheets is from the run pictured
on pages 21 and 22. The sheet was
25 x 38-24 Warren's Thintext, folded
to 6 x 9 booklet size. It was automatically fed as shown on page 21 and at a
speed of 2,000 per hour and the jogger full shown was run without stop.
With a little care given to minor
adjustments similar results when folding Warren's Thintext may reasonably
be expected on this type of folding machine in any good bindery.
Accuracy and smoothness of operation in handling Warren's Thintext on
the Cleveland folder depends upon a

( 20 )

AUTOMATIC FEEDER HANDLING LARGE SHEETS OF WARREN'S THINTEXT

The above picture is a close-up of a pile of88 x 50 basis 2J lb. Warren's Thintext being
fed to thefolding machine at a speed of 2,000 sheets. per hour. No special adjustment is
necessary here to satisfactorily handle Thintext at any reasonable speed

S THINTEXT
ADJUSTMENT OF COMBER WHEEL FOR WARREN'

To feed Warren's Thintext successfully requires only the very lightest pressure from
the comber wheels. All that is necessary is the weight of the comber wheels themselves.
Too much pressure will jam the sheet to the guides too hard, causing trouble
) 211

SETTING SLOW DOWNS ON DEXTER FOLDER-FIRST FOLD

This picture shows the method followed by one folding machine operator in setting the
slow downs whenfolding Warren's Thintext. Thesheet is placed about%"from the guide.
Slow downs are set to retard its nuition at that point so it will strike the guide easily

SETTING SLOW DOWNS ON DEXTER FOLDER-SECOND FOLD

It is not necessary to slow down the sheet of Warren's Thintext quite as much on the
second fold because thefolded sheet is thick enough to stand the bump without buckling.
Regular adjustment ofsteel slow downs and wooden drive-up wheels is all that is necessary
[ 22 ]

CAREFUL ADJUSTMENT INSURES CONSISTENT DELIVERY

The above picture indicates the consistent and continuous delivery resulting from
careful attention to adjustments when folding Warren's Thintext. The jogger full
shown was run without stop at a speed of 2,000 per hour. The sheet was.25 x 38-24 lb.
Warren's Thintext folded to 6 x 9 booklet size

quite different principle of control than

that in the tape type of folder. Evenness of tension in the folder rolls is perhaps the whole secret of success on the
Cleveland folder. With a carefully
adjusted, light, even tension on the folding rolls, Warren's Thintext can be
handled with remarkable speed and
smoothness on this machine.
Because success in handling Thintext on this folder depends so much
upon the evenness of the roll tension,
we are showing in the pictures on the
following pages some definite comparisons of the results which may be expected from incorrect and correct
adjustment of the folding roll tension
at various steps through the machine.
These pictures will show any operator
the spots,where trouble is likely to occur,
the cause of the trouble and how it

should operate when correct roll and

brush tension adjustment has been
made.
The picture at the top of page 24
shows sheets of Warren's Thintext
being laid on the feed table of the
Cleveland folder. In this picture you
will notice a narrow strip of paper
which has been pasted to the feed table
running from the first fold roll to the
edge of the table next the feeder and
parallel with the side guide, about
three-quarters of the way across the
width of the sheet being folded. This is
a stunt practised by many operators to
overcome two difficulties likely to arise
on this type of feed. It will help overcome a tendency to crowd the side guide
andforthisreason is particularly helpful
in handling large sheets of thin paper,
and when feeding a sheet with the

[ 23 1

FEEDING WARREN'S THINTEXT ON THE CLEVELAND FOLDER

Pasting a narrow strip of paper the length of the feed table, well toward the edge of the
sheet being folded, will help overcome any difficulty on the feed table from a wide sheet
crowding the side guide or a narrow sheet twistingforward on the outside end

Itarrow side to the side guide,it'w ill help

retard the end of the sheet away from
the side guide sufficiently to bring the
sheet squarely to the folding roll. Other
operators use a fine wire placed in this
same position to accomplish the results mentioned, but the strip of paper
seems to be preferred.
The picture at the top of page 25
shows a sheet of Warren's Thintext
going through the first fold rolls and
shows the conditions which will arise
with uneven roll tension. Note the extreme "waviness" of the back edge of
the paper and how the paper is being
gradually wrinkled and crumpled
toward that end of the roll having the
least tension (the right-hand end as it
appears in the picture).
In the lower picture on page 25 is
shown the folded result of this uneven
tension. The sheet shown is the same
[ 24

sheet as that being folded in the top

picture.
Results of this kind may be readily
eliminated with a little care in adjusting the roll tension, as is shown by the
picture at the top of page 26. Here we
show another sheet of Warren's Thintext going through the first fold rolls.
The only change which was made in
the machine adjustments was to make
sure there was a light even tension on
the fold rolls.
It is well in testing the tension of the
fold rolls to test the tension at the extreme ends of the rolls regardless of
the width of the sheet to be folded.
This will help detect any unevenness
that might not be apparent nearer the
center of the roll.
On page 27 are pictures showing the
results of incorrect and correct adjustment of the brushes on the cross

SETTING ROLL TEN SION

To satisfactorily handle Warren's Thintext on the Cleveland folder, like all other
papers, requires careful attention to the roll tension adjustment. The picture above
shows the buckling and wrinkling which will occur with an uneven roll adjustment

THE RESULT OF UNEVEN HOU. TENSION

This picture shows the folded sheet resulting from the uneven roll tension illustrated
above. Notice increasing number of bad wrinkles toward back of sheet (edge shown at
bottom is folded edge). Proper adjustment will readily overcome this. See top page 26
( 25

SHOWING CORRECT ROLL TENSION ADJUSTMENT

Just how well Warren's Thintext may be handled on Cleveland folders with only a little
attention to correct roll tension adjustment is demonstrated by the smoothness of the
sheet beingfolded in this picture. Use lightest possible EVEN tension for good folding

The pictures at the bottom of page29

carriage to the first right angle fold.
Too tight tension on these brushes and the top of page 30 show incorrect
makes it almost impossible to deliver and correct adjustment of the guide roll
the sheet smoothly and squarely to the tension. Too tight tension of these rolls
will make smooth delivery to the
first right angle fold plate.
Pictures on page 28 show the results second right angle fold impossible.
of incorrect and correct adjustment on
The lower picture on page 30 shows a
the first right angle fold rolls. Correct lot of 16-page signatures folded to a 6x9
adjustment is shown in the lower pic- size being delivered in perfect conture. Note how squarely and smoothly dition at a speed of 2200 per hour. The
the sheet is coming from the roll. Com- folder was running at a speed of 300
pare with it the delivery from the R.P.M. Such performance in handling
uneven roll tension shown in the top Warren's Thintext may be obtained on
picture. Note in the top picture the Cleveland folders in any good bindery
lower edge of the sheet is being driven with proper care in the adjustment of
out faster. This is because the tension roll tensions.
is tighter at the bottom of the roll. At
It is well to bear in mind always a
top of page 29 is shown folded result light even tension will produce far
from this uneven roll tension.
more satisfactory results.

( 26 )

TOO TIGHT TENSION ON CONVEYOR BRUSH

If the brush is set too tight results like that reproduced in this picture are bound to occur,
making it impossible to correctly convey the sheet to thefirst right anglefold.Correct tension at this point will help insure accuratefolding

CORRECT TENSION ON CONVEYOR BRUSH

This picture shows how smoothly and accurately Warren's Thintext may be delivered
to the first right angle fold if the tension on the Conveyor Brush is properly adjusted. It
is well to set all contacts as light as possible
( 27

UNEVEN TENSION ON FIRST RIGHT ANGLE FOLD

Here is another illustration of the vast difference a slight variation in roll tension will
produce. Note the lower edge is being driven out faster and being creased harder than
the top, causing wrinkling and waste. Test roll tensions at extreme ends of rolls

CORRECT TENSION FIRST RIGHT ANGLE FOLD

This picture shows the correct tension for handling Warren's Thintext properly from
the first right angle fold. Compare the smoothness with which the sheet leaves the rolls
with that in the picture abate illustrating results of incorrect tension
( 28 ]

RESULTS OF UNEVEN ROLL TENSION

This shows results of uneven roll tension pictured at top of opposite page. The folded
edge is at the bottom. That at the right is the edgefarthestfrom that part of the rolls having
most tension. Note this end of the sheet contains most of the wrinkles

RESULTS OF TOO TIGHT GUIDE ROLL TENSION

Care should be taken to see that tension on the guide rolls to the second right angle fold
are evenly and lightly setfor Warren's Thintext; otherwise the sheet cannot be smoothly
and squarely delivered to the fold guides. This picture shows rolls set too tight
f 29

PROPER GUIDE ROLL TENSION ADJUSTMENT

This picture shows how smoothly and squarely Warren's Thintext may be delivered
to the second right angle fold with proper setting of the guide roll tension. A light, even
tension will work smoother and produce the best results

SMOOTH RESULTS WITH PROPER

.NSION ADJUSTMENT

These signatures of Warren's- Thintext were being delivered from a Cleveland folder,
having all rolls set with light, even tension. Speed of machine was SOO R.P.M. Average
production was 2200 per hour with no delays from wrinkled or buckled sheets
[ 30

SPECIAL INKS REQUIRED FOR WARREN'S THINTEXT

FOR BEST RESULTS INKS USED SHOULD BE FREE
FROM PENETRATING OILS

THAT

it is not extremely difficult to

handle and maintain good production
on Warren's Thintext in the pressroom and bindery has been shown by
the experiences already cited of printers
who are handling it successfully. To
obtain the most effective results on
Warren's Thintext, as on all very thin
papers, requires, however,most careful
attention to details and particularly to
the selection of the ink.
Printers most experienced in handling thin papers have found it necessary,in meeting the variety of printing
conditions presented by general commercial work on thin papers, to consider the thinness of the paper and use
an ink free from penetrating oils.
When inks, weak in tone, or inks
containing penetrating oils are used
the pressman is forced to carry much
more ink than is necessary to cover
the plate or type in order to produce
sufficient "color." If it happens to be
an ink not made for thin papers and
one containing a penetrating oil, the

oil will soak through the paper, carrying with it some of the coloring matter.
This is particularly true when large
areas or solids are covered with ink.
This is a condition which accentuates
the transparency of thin papers. Also,
if the job is one printed on both sides
of the paper the result is a job which
will be, because of the "show through,"
rather difficult to read, particularly if
it contains much small type matter.
With an ink free from penetrating
oils and sufficiently strong in color to
produce solid tones, black or color as
the case may be, a minimum amount
of ink is necessary.
When planning work on thin papers,
such as Warren's Thintext (India
Paper),we suggest that it might always
be a good plan to consult the ink maker
and be sure he understands what paper
is to be used and that he delivers an
ink having strong color and free from
penetrating oils. High grade work on
thin papers can be produced only with
inks exactly suited to the paper.

HALFTONE SCREEN FOR WARREN'S THINTEXT

PRINTING is always better if care is

taken to see that halftones are exactly
suited to the paper. For satisfactory
printing on Warren's Thintext, we recommend deeply etched halftones of 120
line screen. We believe for average subjects 120 line screen will produce the

best results though some printers have

produced some very fine results with
halftones of finer screen.
The halftones used on the Warren's Thintext in this issue of THE
WARREN STANDARD are all 120 line
screen.

[ 31 1

WARREN'S THINTEXT
(India Paper)
Carried in stock as follows*, all packed flat, in
cases of about 600 pounds.
&balance
26 x29-16
20
20
25 x 38-20
20
301 x41-926
20
33 x 44-30
38 x50-40
20
26 x929-19
25 x38-24
301 x41-32
33 x44-37
38 x50-48

924
924'
24
24
24

26 x929-924
25 x38-30
301 x41-39
33 x44-46
38 x50-60

30
30
30
30
30

*For special making orders, information given on request

PaperInside, Warren's Thintext, 25 x 38-30

better
CoverWarren's Warrenfold, Ivory,
paper
25 x 38-80
InkInside, Johnson's Black 1483
000
Cover. Carlson's H.T. Black 4075
better
HalftonesInside, 120 Screen
printing
Cover, 133 Screen

Printed in U.S.A.

[ 32

Fall. 1923

NATIONAL NEWS APER CAMPAIGN

M
of These Ads

/-

of Any or All
on Rapes+

'or $15

Bain.

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REPRODUCTIONS OF ELECTROS offered for local Dealer Newspaper Advertising are most effectively displayed if grouped on one large sheet where quick comparisons and selections may be made readily.
To do this in a compact and satisfactory way, many advertisers take advantage of the light weight of
Warren's Thintext. It makes possible the enclosing of the dealer electro sheets with dealer mail without
extra postage. And when received by the dealer the sheet is folded to so small and compact a size it is
more likely to be saved and used.

Atli" 1?-;"Fir

idar,444
\

,O..*1411111.114::01e

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4rAiw

aen
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-is the time to go after the
Vacation Business

Ilk 41.0.

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MINOILDII.K. COMPANY- C1.110.11

AENDELTRUNZ
(2)
DUST-PROCH

WAM.-1141,4.

BROADSIDES, MAPS AND INSERTS of large size with big spaces for illustrations and type messages often
fill an important place in an advertising campaign. Such material printed on Warren's Thintext can be
mailed economically and can also be folded into small space. The forms reproduced above are typical
of the great variety of effective arrangements of such advertising material on Warren's Thintext.

Mere Per Cop

Wolin is BigIK

DATA BOOKS for salesmen's use will be used more frequently if arranged in a form which may be carried easily. To do this and include all the necessary data is often difficult. Warren's Thintext offers just
as large printing page size as heavier papers and because of its light weight makes compact books. A
book, one inch thick, printed on Warren's Thintext i4 lb. basis contains 1184 pages.

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Pri nting Papers

July 2016
T H E

R E F L E C T E D

W O R K S

The names, symbols, logos, and all other intellectual property

of the companies, brands, and people appearing herein
are the exclusive property of their respective owners and should
not be interpreted as an endorsement of or by Sappi;
any legal and equitable rights in their intellectual property
are exclusively reserved to those owners.
SAPPI is a trademark of Sappi Limited. The SAPPI ETC . logo

and WARREN are trademarks of Sappi North America.

2016 Sappi North America. All Rights Reserved.