Analysis of Windscreen Wiper Mechanism Using MSC Adams

ANALYSIS OF WINDSCREEN WIPER MECHANISM USING MSC
ADAMS
ABSTRACT
The crank rocker mechanism has found a wide range of applications in the engineering field due
to its versatility and simple mode of operation. In this report, a case study would be conducted on
a particular example of the crank rocker mechanism, the cutter mechanism.. Initially the cutter
mechanism will be analyzed using conventional equations. These equations would be computed
for a cycle of operation of the cutter mechanism using Matlab. Further, a virtual prototype of the
mechanism would be constructed and analyzed in MSC Adams and results obtained would be
compared to the analytical results in Matlab.
CONTENTS
Title
1. Introduction
2. Analysis
2.1 Kinematic Analysis
2.2 Kinetic analysis
3. Modeling and Simulation
3.1Mechanism specifications
3.2Modeling steps
4. Results and conclusion
5. Appendix
1. INTRODUCTION
Page No
1.1 GENERAL BACKGROUND

The cutter or web-cutter mechanism is a popular form of the crank rocker mechanism. The
crank-rocker mechanism is one of the most used mechanisms in the manufacturing industry. The
purpose of the mechanism is to convert the rotary motion of the crank to
translational motion of the cutter. The crank rocker mechanism itself is a type of four bar
mechanism where the sum of the lengths of the shortest and the longest links is less than the sum
of the two intermediate links and the link adjacent to the crank is fixed. In the manufacturing
industry, web cutter mechanism is applied wherever a shearing operation is required, example:
shearing of rubber tubes to produce rubber bands, cutting of metal sections, separation of
packaging products. Research works in analysis of the crank rocker cutter mechanism have been
investigated due to their significant advantages such as low cost, reduced number of parts,
reduced weight and others.
Fig.1. Web cutter mechanism
1.2 OBJECTIVE
In this report, complete kinematic and kinetic analysis of crank rocker cutter mechanism is
carried out. Kinematic analysis of the slider-crank mechanism helps to answer many questions
pertaining to the motions of various links of the mechanism such as how much would be the
torque acting on the bearings, the cutting velocity of the mechanism, etc. In the present work, the
complete kinematic analysis has been carried out by analytical method using complex-algebra
method, which is then incorporated in a Matlab program to derive and plot results.
Kinetic analysis of the mechanism includes effect of inertia force of all the moving parts and the
torque required by the crank to ensure constant cutting operation.. The results obtained from
kinematic and kinetic analysis are then compared to the results obtained by simulation in MSC
Adams
2. ANALYSIS
2.1 KINEMATIC ANALYSIS
Fig.2. Kinematic model of a Crank rocker mehanism

mechanism
The kinematic drawing of crank rocker mechanism is shown in Fig .2. This planar mechanism is
represented by a vector equation as shown in Fig. 1 (b) for any phase diagram as
Now we would formulate the displacement, velocity and acceleration equations of all the links.
Position equations:
Since 1 = 0 and the link lengths are known constants, the equations are simplified to:
Velocity equations
The time derivative of the position equations yields
Acceleration equations
The time derivative of the velocity equations yields the acceleration equations:
2.2 KINETIC ANALYSIS

In this analysis we will consider the forces due to shearing operation to be negligible therefore
the main criteria of design would be the torque supplied at a constant angular velocity by the
crank to link 2 and link3 so as to oppose the inertial forces of link 3 and link 4 as shown in Fig 3.
F3i
T
F4i
4
1
Fig.3. Dynamic model of a crank rocker mechanism
A Matlab program has been developed to compute all the above equations for the horizontal
single-cylinder, four-stroke petrol engine for the complete working cycle at the crank interval of
15o. The analysis of the engine is carried out for the gas forces available in the literature which
have been obtained from the ideal air standard Otto cycle and the data is given in the Table: 1.
3. MODELLING AND SIMULATION
3.1 Mechanism specifications
Link 3
Link 4
Link 2
Fig.4. Specifications of the model
List of parts included in the mechanism are shown above in Fig 4 , all links have a width of 2cm
and material used for all the links are AL6063
Material properties of AL6063 are
Density: 710 kg/m3
Poisson ratio: 0.33
Youngs modulus : 214e6
Link 2
Length= 4 cm Mass: 0.5 kg, crank angular velocity =360 degrees/sec
Link 3
Length = 28 cm , Mass: 2 kg, Moment of inertia, IZZ = 1.9e+006
Link 4
Length = 40 cm, Mass:2.4 Kg, Moment of inertia IZZ = 3.7e+006
Link 4 (ground) length = 26.33 cm
3.2 Modeling steps

To model the mechanism first we create the crank ( link 2 ) and input a motion on its revolute
joint as per the specifications (360deg/sec). This step is shown in Fig 5.
Fig.5. Motion applied on the crank (link 1)
The geometry of links 3 and 4 are pre-defined using the data in table 1 for link3 and table 2 for
link3. This data is obtained from past research case study. Procedure for creating both links 4 and
3 are the same. First an extrusion tool is used to create a random closed triangular profile, next
we modify the profile by table edit option and point adams to the text file containing the table.
All necessary joints are applied and the model is verified before proceeding with simulation. The
completed crank rocker cutter mechanism is shown in figure, with all the joints and constraints
highlighted.
X
Y
Z
X
Y
Z
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0
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.--0.219
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.-1360750.154378-0.214690713-564503
0
Table 1.(a) Spline data for link 3
(b) Spline data for link 4
Fig.6. Link 3 and link 2 constrained by a revolute joint
Fig.7. Final assembled model
The time duration for simulation is chosen as 0.98 seconds (one cycle of crank rotation) and all
the required measures are created link angular displacement, angular velocity, angular
acceleration, and Toque. After the simulation is completed the measurement data is exported to
Matlab using a numerical dat file.
4. Results and Conclusion
The simulation in MSC Adam was completed successfully; the results obtained were compared
with the analytical results programmed in Matlab and were found to be in close limits of the
analytical results. The kinematic results obtained from Msc adams are more accurate than the
dynamic results. This can be because of the centripetal acceleration of all members influencing
the torque supplied by the crank. Virtual prototyping with Msc Adams was simple and less time
consuming
Fig.9. Angular velocity of links L3
Fig.8. Angular acceleration of links L4
Fig.10. Angular velocity of links L4
Fig.13. Torque acting on the crank

Fig.8. Angular displacement of links L3 and L4
Fig.11. Angular acceleration of links L3
APPENDIX
Matlab program to calculate kinematic parameters.
l2=0.04;
l3=0.28;
l4=0.40;
l1=0.2631;
i=1;
w2=2*pi;
for t1=8.74:1:368.74
t12(i)=t1;
ct12=cos(t12(i)*pi/180);
st12=sin(t12(i)*pi/180);
xa=l2*ct12-l1;
ya=l2*st12;
s(i)=(xa*xa+ya*ya)^0.5;
p(i)=-atan(ya/xa)*(180/pi);
u(i)=acos((l3*l3+l4*l4-s(i)*s(i))/(2*l3*l4))*(180/pi);
y(i)=acos((l4*l4+s(i)*s(i)-l3*l3)/(2*l4*s(i)))*(180/pi);
%ANGULAR DISPLACEMENT ON LINK 4
t14(i)=180-(p(i)+y(i));
%ANGULAR DISPLACEMENT ON LINK 4
t13(i)=t14(i)-u(i);
ct3=cos(t13(i)*pi/180);
st3=sin(t13(i)*pi/180);
ct4=cos(t14(i)*pi/180);
st4=sin(t14(i)*pi/180);
A = [-l3*st3 l4*st4;l3*ct3 -l4*ct4];
B = [l2*st12*w2;-l2*ct12*w2];
w= A\B;
%ANGULAR VELOCITY ON LINK 3
wa3(i)=w(1,1);
%ANGULAR VELOCITY ON LINK 4
wa4(i)=w(2,1);
C = [-l3*st3 l4*st4;l3*ct3 -l4*ct4];
D = [l2*(ct12*w2*w2)+l3*ct3*wa3(i)*wa3(i)l4*ct4*wa4(i)*wa4(i);l2*st12*w2*w2+l3*ct3*wa3(i)*wa3(i)-l4*ct4*wa4(i)*wa4(i)];
a=C\D;
%ANGULAR ACCELERATION ON LINK 3

aa3(i)=a(1,1);
%ANGULAR ACCELERATION ON LINK 4
aa4(i)=a(2,1);
% TORQUE ON CRANK
T(i)= (3.7135076775E+006*aa4(i))+(1.9726769017E+006*aa3(i);)
i=i+1;
end
figure(1)
plot(t12,t13)
figure(2)
plot(t12,t14)
figure(3)
plot(t12,wa3)
figure(4)
plot(t12,wa4)
figure(5)
plot(t12,aa3)
figure(6)
plot(t12,aa4)
figure(7)
plot(t12,T)

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ANALYSIS OF WINDSCREEN WIPER MECHANISM USING MSC

1.1 GENERAL BACKGROUND

Fig.1. Web cutter mechanism

Fig.2. Kinematic model of a Crank rocker mehanism

2.2 KINETIC ANALYSIS

Fig.3. Dynamic model of a crank rocker mechanism

3. MODELLING AND SIMULATION

3.1 Mechanism specifications

Fig.4. Specifications of the model

3.2 Modeling steps

Fig.5. Motion applied on the crank (link 1)

(b) Spline data for link 4

Fig.6. Link 3 and link 2 constrained by a revolute joint

Fig.7. Final assembled model

4. Results and Conclusion

Fig.9. Angular velocity of links L3

Fig.8. Angular acceleration of links L4

Fig.10. Angular velocity of links L4

Fig.13. Torque acting on the crank

Fig.11. Angular acceleration of links L3

%ANGULAR ACCELERATION ON LINK 3

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