Table 4.

1
Respondents as to age
COMPANY
JFS
Hamlin
KWC
Sunway
TOTAL

FREQUENCY
3
9
10
11
33

PERCENTAGE (%)
9%
27%
30%
33%
100%

The table above shows that out of 33 respondents those whose in company
of JFS were three (3) or nine (9%), while in the company of Hamlin were nine
(9) or twenty seven (27%), while in the company of KWC were ten (10) or
thirty (30%), and in the company of Sunway were eleven (11) or thirty three
(33%).
Table 4.2
Respondents as to religion
RELIGION
Dating Daan
Iglesia ni Cristo
Mormons
TOTAL

FREQUENCY
11
11
11
33

PERCENTAGE (%)
33.33%
33.33%
33.33%
100%

Table 4.2 shows that out of 33 respondents, eleven (11) or thirty three point
thirty three (33.33%) were Dating Daan, Iglesia ni Cristo and Mormons.
RELIGIOUS SYMBOLS

Table 4.3
I get teased by other people whenever I display my rituals
Mormons

Strongly Agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly

9%
36%
18%
27%
9%

Iglesia

Dating

ni Cristo

Daan

0%
18%
64%
28%
0%

9%
73%
18%
0%
0%

Total
Freque

Percentag

ncy
2
14
11
5

e(%)
6%
42%
33%
15%

3%

33

100%

Disagree

In different religions of course there are different rituals that each religion
follows. One of the religion included in this research is Dating Daan, they
have unusual rituals that is different from Iglesia ni Cristo and Mormons,
Dating Daan has smallest population among three religions tackled in this
research. In this research, as you can see in Table 4.3 question is about
rituals. Dating Daan got the highest percentage of eighty two (82%) in
religions who usually get teased by other people each time they display or
shows their rituals, followed by Mormons got the percentage of forty five
(45%) and Iglesia ni Cristo got the lowest percentage of eighteen (18%). In
Table 4.10 the questions is also about rituals, if an employee whose member
in one of the religion tackled in this research is allowed to conduct rituals

inside the company. Mormons has the largest percentage who disagree that
they are allowed to conduct.
According to the study, it is also illegal for someone to have a rule, policy or
practice which someone of a particular religion or belief is less likely to be
able to meet than other people and this places them at a disadvantage. This
is called indirect discrimination, if you have suffered indirect discrimination
because of your religion or belief, you may be able to make a complaint
about it. However, if the person or organization you are complaining about
can show there are genuine reasons for the rule, policy or practice and that it
has nothing to do with your religion or belief, this won't count as
discrimination.

Table 4.4
I am allowed to give bible to my co-workers

Mormons

Strongly Agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly

Iglesia

Dating

ni Cristo

Daan

18%
45%
18%
9%
9%

45%
27%
9%
18%
0%

27%
64%
9%
0%
0%

Total
Freque

Percentag

ncy
10
15
4
3

e(%)
30.30%
45.45%
12.12%
9.09%

3.03%

33

100%

Disagree

In this table, the statement is how ones religion is allowed to give bible to
their co-workers. Mormons got the lowest percentage of sixty three (63%) in
Strongly Agree and Agree, which means they have a little chance upon
giving bibles to their workmates, followed by Iglesia ni Cristo got the
percentage of seventy two (72%), and the Dating Daan got the highest
percentage of ninety one (91%).
According to Jay Sekulow, having a Bible study or giving a bible would not
violate the law. It should be allowed, especially in a workplace where the First
Amendment applies. So, you should be in good shape there. There are many
organizations, both state organizations and private organizations that permit
employees to gather and meet for Bible study or for discussion about their
faith. And this is something that we get questions about very often on. There
is this misunderstanding out there that somehow bringing anything into play
in the workplace that would involve religion, or the study of the Bible, or

prayer and worship, or time together for fellowship, would somehow violate
the law and create a hostile work environment. That's just not the case. The
good news -- and I think it's important to say it -- is that the overwhelming
majority of employers are allowing these Bible studies to take place at the
workplace without any interference.
Table 4.5
I am allowed to study the bible inside the company
Mormons

Strongly Agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly

0%
45%
45%
9%
0%

Iglesia

Dating

ni Cristo

Daan

36%
18%
36%
0%
9%

18%
55%
9%
18%
0%

Total
Freque

Percentag

ncy
6
13
10
3

e(%)
18.18%
39.39%
30.30%
9.09%

3.03%

33

100%

Disagree

Table 4.5 shows that Dating daan is the most allowed religion in terms of
reading bible inside the company in a percentage of seventy three (73%) in
Strongly Agree and Agree, while Iglesia ni Cristo is second with a percentage
of fifty five (55%) and the least is Mormons got a percentage of forty five
(45%). The employer thinks that studying bible inside the company is not
appropriate, because it is not related to their job.

According to Jay Sekulow, voluntary Bible studies are perfectly allowed at the
workplace. If you have a Bible study, you can encourage participation, but
what you can't do is require people to attend or do job performance
evaluations based on whether they're attending the Bible study or not. You
cannot use Bible study attendance as a litmus test, if you will, but you can
certainly offer a Bible study.
ATTIRE
Table 4.6
The employer allows me to wear religious accessories
Mormons

Strongly Agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly

18%
55%
9%
9%
9%

Iglesia

Dating

ni Cristo

Daan

36%
27%
18%
9%
9%

9%
18%
45%
18%
9%

Total
Freque

Percentag

ncy
7
11
8
4
3

e(%)
21.21%
33.33%
24.24%
12.12%
9.09%

Disagree
33

100%

This table shows the percentage upon the religious accessories and religious
attire inside the company. As you can see, Mormons are the most allowed
religion in terms of wearing religious accessories got a percentage of seventy
three (73%) followed by Iglesia ni Cristo got a percentage of fifty three

(53%), since Iglesia ni Cristo doesnt have much religious accessories thats
why they are least discriminated just like Mormons, and as for Dating Daan
got a percantge of twenty seven (27%) with this percentage it seems that
their employers dont really allow them to wear or show much their religious
accessories.
According to the study of a researcher in Psychology, the decision to wear
express religious beliefs through appearance, cross necklace, or even
grooming practices like piercings, tattoos, wearing long hair or a beard) can
be a highly sensitive subject, and varies highly on the attitudes in your
workplace, the laws of your country, and the nature of your work. There are
a number of reasons why one might decide to wear religious clothing to
work.

Table 4.7

I feel discriminated against the way I dress due to my religious

beliefs
Mormons

Strongly Agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly

9%
45%
27%
18%
0%

Iglesia

Dating

ni Cristo

Daan

0%
0%
18%
45%
36%

9%
18%
55%
9%
9%

Total
Freque

Percentag

ncy
2
7
11
8
5

e(%)
6.06%
21.21%
33.33%
24.24%
15.15%

Disagree
33

100%

In this table, it shows that Mormons are most discriminated the way they
dress according to their religious beliefs got a percentage of fifty four (54%)
since Mormons is the most religion in this research that is required to dress
according to religion, Dating daan got a percentage of twenty seven (27%) is
the second since for girls they only have to wear skirts instead of pants in
which it is really not a big issue among companies, while Iglesia ni Cristo got
zero percentage (0%) they are least because the way they dress is not so
different from those whose religions or not included in this research.
According to the study (2011) Wearing dress according to religious beliefs
has a lot of reasons, it is a self-expression. For example, just as a man whose
favorite color is red might choose to incorporate red into his wardrobe, a man

may decide to express his religious beliefs with religious clothing. A religious
duty, some religions require the use of religious clothing.
Table 4.8
I am allowed to use my religious attire inside the company
Mormons

Strongly Agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly

9%
36%
18%
27%
9%

Iglesia

Dating

ni Cristo

Daan

45%
18%
27%
9%
0%

18%
9%
55%
18%
0%

Total
Freque

Percentag

ncy
8
7
11
6
1

e(%)
24.24%
21.21%
33.33%
18.18%
3.03%

Disagree
33

100%

Everyone has the right to wear or use religious attire inside the company it
depends upon the employer if they will allow this kind of attire. We can see
that Iglesia ni Cristo has the highest percentage of fifty seven (57%) which
means employer allow them to wear religious attire inside the company,
while Mormons got a percentage of forty five (45%) they are discriminated
because they are really required to wear their religious attire even their
employer dont allow them. Dating Daan got the lowest percentage of
twenty-seven (27%) they are the most discriminated to wear such attire that
is happen to be required to their religion.

According to a study, a person may decide to wear religious clothing in order

to send a message to others (both co-workers and clients) who might believe
the same way. A Roman Catholic may decide to wear a Catholic-style cross
necklace in order to connect with his Catholic co-workers. Reminder of
values, an item may help remind a person of their deep values.

POLICIES
Table 4.9
I am given prayer break by the employer
Mormons

Strongly Agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly

0%
18%
55%
27%
0%

Iglesia

Dating

ni Cristo

Daan

36%
0%
18%
27%
18%

9%
27%
55%
9%
0%

Total
Freque

Percentag

ncy
5
5
14
7
2

e(%)
15.15%
15.15%
42.42%
21.21%
6.06%

Disagree
33

100%

In this table it shows that Mormons is the most discriminated in terms of

prayer break given by the employer because they got the lowest percentage
of eighteen (18%) as you can see Dating Daan got a percentage of thirty six

(36%) which means that somehow they can still get a prayer break and
Iglesia ni Cristo got the same percentage in Dating Daan. In here we can
notice that Iglesia ni Cristo is the least discriminated tackled in this research.
According to the study of the emplawyerologist, the employees cite the
tenets of their religious faith as requiring prayers to be said at specific times
during the day. These times apparently are changeable and dont lend
themselves to a precise schedule, but are not otherwise flexible. To that
extent, the two scheduled ten-minute prayer breaks would not address these
workers needs. In some cases the prayer breaks actually take closer to 15 or
20 minutes each, also contends that the breaks do cause problems, because
other workers now have to cover for those on prayer break 5 times a day for
perhaps as much as 15 or 20 minutes each time.

Table 4.10

They allow me to conduct my rituals inside the company

Mormons

Strongly Agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly

0%
0%
45%
45%
9%

Iglesia

Dating

ni Cristo

Daan

36%
0%
27%
36%
0%

0%
27%
64%
9%
0%

Total
Freque

Percentag

ncy
4
3
15
10
1

e(%)
12.12%
9.09%
45.45%
30.30%
3.03%

Disagree
33

100%

In this table, we can compare table 4.3 to 4.10 because they are both
tackling about rituals that can be conducted inside the company, the least
discriminated is Iglesia ni Cristo with a percentage of thirty six (36%)
followed by Dating Daan got a percentage of twenty-seven (27%) which
means that both religions are allowed to conduct such rituals inside the
company and Mormons are the most religion that cannot conduct rituals
inside the company with a zero percentage (0%).
According to the study of Anti- defamation league (ADL) , religious
employees often confront conflicts between their employment obligations
and their religious obligations; federal law (and many state and local laws)
require employers to try to accommodate those obligations. Requested
accommodations vary - an employee may need a particular day off each
year for a religious holiday; or to refrain from work every week on his or her

Sabbath; or to wear religious garb; or to have a place to pray. An employer

must try to arrange to allow the employee to meet these religious
obligations. Examples of possible accommodations may include shift swaps
between employees, voluntary assignment substitutions, flexible scheduling
(allowing an employee to work on Sundays, Christmas or other national
holiday in place of the day he or she needs off), lateral transfers to other
positions in the company, and use of lunch time in exchange for early
departure.
Table 4.11
I can attend worship services during working hours
Mormons

Strongly Agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly

0%
18%
9%
64%
9%

Iglesia

Dating

ni Cristo

Daan

9%
45%
18%
9%
18%

0%
9%
55%
36%
0%

Total
Freque

Percentag

ncy
1
8
9
12
3

e(%)
3.03%
24.24%
27.27%
36.36%
9.09%

Disagree
33

100%

In this table it shows that in terms of attending worship services during

working hours, Dating Daan is the most discriminated with a percentage of
nine (9%) followed by Mormons got a percentage of eighteen (18%) and the

least was Iglesia ni Cristo with a percentage of fifty four (54%). Iglesia ni
Cristo was least because there are companies that is owned and operated by
Iglesia ni Cristo and the employees are allowed to attend worship during
working hours.
According to Ashley Faus, You have a life outside of work, and you have
commitments that sometimes conflict with your working schedule. Everyone
does. But when those commitments are religious observances, it can feel
especially tricky to navigate them in the office. With its strict business hours
and measly two weeks of vacation, the working world isnt always exactly
amenable to taking time off for non-commercialized holidays, early morning
worship, or periods of fasting. And though employers must legally try to
accommodate your needs, they wont all make it easy for you, and it can be
difficult to stand up for yourself if you feel like youre the only one asking for
special arrangements. But keeping your boss happy and staying true to your
faith dont have to be mutually exclusive. Whether youre looking for a new
job or navigating your current one, heres a guide to making your
professional life and your spiritual life work together.

Behavioral Approach
Table 4.12
I was forced to resign because of my religion.
Mormons

Strongly Agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly

0%
27%
18%
45%
9%

Iglesia

Dating

ni Cristo

Daan

9%
9%
0%
64%
18%

9%
18%
0%
73%
0%

Total
Freque

Percentag

ncy
2
6
2
20
3

e(%)
6.06%
18.18%
6.06%
60.61%
9.09%

Disagree
33

100%

In this Table shows that Mormons and Dating Daan got the same percentage
of twenty seven (27%) and the least discriminated is Iglesia ni Cristo with a
percentage of eighteen (18%) which means that Dating Daan and Mormons
is the most discriminated in this research in terms of resigning because of
their religion.
At work, it is hard to be discriminated due to your religion because the
pressure and stress of your job will increase because of discrimination and
this may force someone to resign or just leave the company in order for
them to lessen their stress and save themselves from hurtful words of their

workmates that resulting an employee to not focusing in their work or worst

they tend to be lazy, this can affect not only their performance at work but
also their behavior. Low quality of performance can lead to an employer to
fire an employee forcedly or an employee to resign because he feels that he
is not able to contribute enough and he cant continue to work due to the
stress of religious discrimination.
According to the study of unemployment law project.org, if you quit your job
because of a change in your work that violated your religious convictions or
sincere moral beliefs, you may be able to establish good cause to quit by
showing the following: Your employer changed your usual work after you
were hired. Usual work refers to the work you agreed to do upon hire. The
new work requires you to violate your religious beliefs or sincere moral
convictions. Disagreeing with the way your employer runs his business is not
enough. You notified your employer that the change in your usual work
violates your religious beliefs or sincere moral convictions (unless to do so
would have been futile). The change in work directly affects your religious
beliefs or sincere moral convictions.

TABLE 4.13
Discrimination leads me to be absent without permission
Mormons

Strongly Agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly

Iglesia

Dating

ni Cristo

Daan

9%
36%
9%
36%
9%

9%
27%
9%
45%
9%

9%
36%
18%
36%
0%

Total
Freque

Percentag

ncy
3
11
4
13
2

e(%)
9.09%
33.33%
12.12%
39.39%
6.06%

Disagree
33

100%

Table 4.13 shows that Dating Daan and Mormons got the same percentage of
forty five (45%) while Iglesia ni Cristo got a percentage of thirty six (36%)
which

means

Dating

Daan

and

Mormons

are

affected

because

of

discrimination inside their company.

Stress due to discrimination makes an employee wanting to rest or unwind in
a certain place away from their work, they tend to be absent but employers
dont usually allow such invalid reasons, in result employees tend to escape
or make absences without employers permission. Sometimes, an employee
do not want to go to work because they dont want to hear their workmates

talking about his religion, they tend to compare such religions to the other
that can discriminate ones beliefs.
According to a study, where an employee is absent from duty except on
approved leave, the employee is not entitled to salary for that period as the
absence from duty was not authorized. Provided that an employee prevented
by sudden illness, injury or other emergency from attending his or her place
of employment is not regarded as absent without authorization if he or she
reports the absence as soon as practicable and provides satisfactory
evidence that the absence was unavoidable.
TABLE 4.14
I feel motivated to work hard because of my religion.
Mormons

Strongly Agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly

27%
18%
27%
27%
0%

Iglesia

Dating

ni Cristo

Daan

9%
64%
9%
18%
0%

9%
9%
36%
27%
9%

Total
Freque

Percentag

ncy
5
10
9
8
1

e(%)
15.15%
30.30%
27.27%
24.24%
3.03%

Disagree
33

100%

In this table it shows that Iglesia ni Cristo got the highest percentage of
seventy three (73%) followed by Mormons with a percentage of forty five
(45%) and the Dating Daan got the lowest percentage of eighteen (18%).
Some employees can reverse the situation into positive, for instances their
workmates keep on talking about his religion, his way to escape is to
accomplish his tasks or he just feel motivated to perform well in his job .This
is their way to prove to his co-worker that even though they discriminate
him, he can still manage to work well and he is not affected of what they say
ab0ut his religious principle.
According to citizens advice, it's a criminal offence to attack you because of
your religion or belief, or because of your lack of religion. This includes both
physical and verbal abuse. It depends upon you on how you will be able to
handle such discriminations, you can be positive and just continue to work
until you succeed, not only in your job but also you will be able to prove
them that they are wrong upon saying bad things about you and your
religion.
Cognitive Approach
TABLE 4.15
I can focus to my work because I hear some rumors about my
religion inside the company.

Mormons

Strongly Agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly

18%
27%
36%
18%
0%

Iglesia

Dating

ni Cristo

Daan

18%
18%
36%
18%
9%

9%
27%
36%
18%
9%

Total
Freque

Percentag

ncy
5
8
12
6
2

e(%)
15.15%
24.24%
36.36%
18.18%
6.06%

Disagree
33

100%

Table 4.15 shows that Mormons got the highest percentage of forty five
(45%), while Iglesia ni Cristo and Dating Daan got the same percentage of
thirty six (36%) it means that Mormons never mind what they heard about
their religion they can still focus on their work while Dating Daan and Iglesia
ni Cristo are the most affected because they got the least percentage in this
table.
According to Mind tools, the whispers when a colleague is fired. The looks of
understanding when two co-workers routinely "stay late to catch up on
paperwork" on the same evening. The emails back and forth guessing at
which department will suffer the largest budget cuts. It's difficult not to
become involved in gossip at work. After all, people like gossip and
interesting bits of information: you only have to look at the number of
celebrity-focused publications to realize that we have a huge appetite for

discussing other people's lives. At work, however, this type of interaction is

harmful and costly. It wastes

time, damages reputations, promotes

divisiveness, creates anxiety, and destroys morale.

TABLE 4.16
I am having a hard time understanding my work because of unequal
treatment
Mormons

Strongly Agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly

9%
45%
18%
27%
0%

Iglesia

Dating

ni Cristo

Daan

18%
27%
27%
18%
9%

0%
55%
27%
18%
0%

Total
Freque

Percentag

ncy
3
14
8
7
1

e(%)
9.09%
42.42%
24.24%
21.21%
3.03%

Disagree
33

100%

In this Table it shows that Dating Daan got the highest percentage of fifty five
(55%), second is Mormons with a percentage of fifty four (54%) and Iglesia ni
Cristo got the least percentage of forty five (45%). Dating Daan is having a
hard time understanding their work because of unequal treatment. We all
know that Dating Daan is a newly established religion unlike Iglesia ni Cristo
and Mormons, and Dating Daan has a small population of members thats
why they are the most discriminated.
According to Thomson Reuters, disparate treatment is an overt form of
discrimination, involving unequal treatment on the basis of an employee's
religion. An employer with a policy of refusing to hire or to promote members
of a particular religion would commit this form of discrimination. Some
employers whose business purpose is religious in nature may be permitted to
require certain employees to adhere to a particular faith. Courts will look
closely, however, at the legitimacy of the employer's requirement for the
position.
TABLE 4.17
I think I was retaliated to my co-worker

Mormons

Strongly Agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly

Iglesia

Dating

ni Cristo

Daan

0%
36%
36%
27%
0%

18%
36%
9%
36%
0%

0%
36%
36%
18%
9%

Total
Freque

Percentag

ncy
2
12
9
9
1

e(%)
6.06%
36.36%
27.27%
27.27%
3.03%

Disagree
33

100%

Table 4.17 it shows that Iglesia ni Cristo got the highest percentage of fifty
four (54%), while Dating Daan and Mormons got the same percentage of
thirty six (36%). Iglesia ni Cristo feels that they retaliated their co-worker
because of their religion in a way that they have a different perspective
when it comes to their religion.
According to the study of Toughnickel, Retaliation claims are easier to win
than Hostile Work Environment claims. Part of the reason is that you dont
have to prove a hostile work environment occurred in order to win on your
retaliation claim. Courts have specifically said that an employee can prevail
on a retaliation claim by establishing that the employer retaliated against the
employee for opposing allegedly discriminatory practices even if the
practices were not, in fact, discriminatory.
Affective Approach

TABLE 4.18
I feel unwanted because of my religion
Mormons

Strongly Agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly

0%
36%
18%
36%
9%

Iglesia

Dating

ni Cristo

Daan

9%
27%
0%
55%
9%

0%
45%
18%
27%
9%

Total
Freque

Percentag

ncy
1
12
4
13
3

e(%)
3.03%
36.36%
12.12%
39.39%
9.09%

Disagree
33

100%

In this table it shows that Dating Daan got the highest percentage of (45%),
while the Mormons and Iglesia ni Cristo got the same percentage of thirty six
(36%). It means that Dating Daan feel unwanted to their work because of
their religion.
According to Shani Fowler, so meone paying us a few compliments is quite nice,

more than that for me its quite rare! It can brighten our day and give us a
little ego boost. But unwelcome and unwanted attention is quite a different
kettle of fish; especially if this attention is from someone in the workplace. In
other walks of life we might be able to ignore and disregard those who
choose to make inappropriate advances or comments. We might only see

them socially on occasion or pass them in the street from time to time, it can
result in being nothing more than an annoyance. But at work this isnt always
possible. At work were likely to be regularly in their presence and have to
interact with them on a daily basis.

TABLE 4.19
I lost my eagerness to be active at work

Mormons

Strongly Agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly

0%
36%
18%
36%
9%

Iglesia

Dating

ni Cristo

Daan

0%
36%
18%
36%
9%

9%
55%
9%
27%
0%

Total
Freque

Percentag

ncy
1
14
5
11
2

e(%)
3.03%
42.42%
15.15%
33.33%
6.06%

Disagree
33

100%

Table 4.19 shows that Dating Daan got the highest percentage of sixty four
(64%), while Iglesia ni Cristo and Mormons got the same percentage of thirty
six (36%) it means that Dating daan lost their eagerness to be active at
work.
According to Lahiri Mahasaya, our eagerness for worldly activity kills in us
the sense of spiritual awe. We cannot comprehend the great life behind all
names and forms, just because science brings home to us how we can use
the powers of nature; this familiarity has bred a contempt for her ultimate
secrets.

TABLE 4.20
My co-worker is making me uncomfortable by talking about religious
matter.

Mormons

Strongly Agree
Agree
Neutral
Disagree
Strongly

0%
36%
27%
27%
9%

Iglesia

Dating

ni Cristo

Daan

0%
45%
45%
0%
9%

18%
36%
27%
18%
0%

Total
Freque

Percentag

ncy
2
13
11
5
2

e(%)
6%
39%
33%
15%

Disagree
33

6%
100%

In this table it shows that Dating Daan got the highest percentage of fifty
four (54%), while Iglesia ni Cristo got a percentage of forty five (45%), and
the Mormons got the least percentage of thirty six (36%). It means that
Dating Daan is the most affected by talking to their co-workers in terms of
religious matter.
According to Wintery Knight, People who arent religious feel discomfort
about hearing about the religious beliefs of others, because those beliefs
influence public policy, but they think those beliefs are based non-rational
factors, such as place of birth, parental beliefs, peer groups, emotions,
prejudices, superstitions, etc. They are uncomfortable living in a government
that was voted in by people whose views are based on irrational religious
beliefs.