Paper Title* (use style: paper title)

Subtitle as needed (paper subtitle)

Authors Name/s per 1st Affiliation (Author), Matric No

Authors Name/s per 2nd Affiliation (Author) Matric No
Authors Name/s per 3rd Affiliation (Author) Matric No

AbstractThis electronic document is a live template and

already defines the components of your paper [title, text, heads,
etc.] in its style sheet. *CRITICAL: Do Not Use Symbols, Special
Characters, or Math in Paper Title or Abstract. (Abstract)

and not as an independent document. Please do not revise any

of the current designations.

Keywordscomponent; formatting; style; styling; insert (key

words)

Before you begin to format your paper, first write and save
the content as a separate text file. Keep your text and graphic
files separate until after the text has been formatted and styled.
Do not use hard tabs, and limit use of hard returns to only one
return at the end of a paragraph. Do not add any kind of
pagination anywhere in the paper. Do not number text headsthe template will do that for you.

I.

INTRODUCTION (HEADING 1)

This template, modified in MS Word 2007 and saved as a

Word 97-2003 Document for the PC, provides authors with
most of the formatting specifications needed for preparing
electronic versions of their papers. All standard paper
components have been specified for three reasons: (1) ease of
use when formatting individual papers, (2) automatic
compliance to electronic requirements that facilitate the
concurrent or later production of electronic products, and (3)
conformity of style throughout a conference proceedings.
Margins, column widths, line spacing, and type styles are builtin; examples of the type styles are provided throughout this
document and are identified in italic type, within parentheses,
following the example. Some components, such as multileveled equations, graphics, and tables are not prescribed,
although the various table text styles are provided. The
formatter will need to create these components, incorporating
the applicable criteria that follow.

III. PREPARE YOUR PAPER BEFORE STYLING

Finally, complete content and organizational editing before

formatting. Please take note of the following items when
proofreading spelling and grammar:
A. Abbreviations and Acronyms
Define abbreviations and acronyms the first time they are
used in the text, even after they have been defined in the
abstract. Abbreviations such as IEEE, SI, MKS, CGS, sc, dc,
and rms do not have to be defined. Do not use abbreviations in
the title or heads unless they are unavoidable.
B. Units

Use either SI (MKS) or CGS as primary units. (SI units

are encouraged.) English units may be used as
secondary units (in parentheses). An exception would
be the use of English units as identifiers in trade, such
as 3.5-inch disk drive.

Avoid combining SI and CGS units, such as current in

amperes and magnetic field in oersteds. This often leads
to confusion because equations do not balance
dimensionally. If you must use mixed units, clearly state
the units for each quantity that you use in an equation.

Do not mix complete spellings and abbreviations of

units: Wb/m2 or webers per square meter, not
webers/m2. Spell units when they appear in text: ...a
few henries, not ...a few H.

Use a zero before decimal points: 0.25, not .25.

Use cm3, not cc. (bullet list)

II. EASE OF USE

A. Selecting a Template (Heading 2)
First, confirm that you have the correct template for your
paper size. This template has been tailored for output on the A4
paper size. If you are using US letter-sized paper, please close
this file and download the file MSW_USltr_format.
B. Maintaining the Integrity of the Specifications
The template is used to format your paper and style the text.
All margins, column widths, line spaces, and text fonts are
prescribed; please do not alter them. You may note
peculiarities. For example, the head margin in this template
measures proportionately more than is customary. This
measurement and others are deliberate, using specifications
that anticipate your paper as one part of the entire proceedings,
Identify applicable sponsor/s here. If no sponsors, delete this text box (sponsors).

C. Equations
The equations are an exception to the prescribed
specifications of this template. You will need to determine
whether or not your equation should be typed using either the
Times New Roman or the Symbol font (please no other font).
To create multileveled equations, it may be necessary to treat
the equation as a graphic and insert it into the text after your
paper is styled.
Number equations consecutively. Equation numbers, within
parentheses, are to position flush right, as in (1), using a right
tab stop. To make your equations more compact, you may use
the solidus ( / ), the exp function, or appropriate exponents.
Italicize Roman symbols for quantities and variables, but not
Greek symbols. Use a long dash rather than a hyphen for a
minus sign. Punctuate equations with commas or periods when
they are part of a sentence, as in
ab

Note that the equation is centered using a center tab stop.

Be sure that the symbols in your equation have been defined
before or immediately following the equation. Use (1), not
Eq. (1) or equation (1), except at the beginning of a
sentence: Equation (1) is ...
D. Some Common Mistakes

The word data is plural, not singular.

The subscript for the permeability of vacuum 0, and

other common scientific constants, is zero with
subscript formatting, not a lowercase letter o.

In American English, commas, semi-/colons, periods,

question and exclamation marks are located within
quotation marks only when a complete thought or name
is cited, such as a title or full quotation. When quotation
marks are used, instead of a bold or italic typeface, to
highlight a word or phrase, punctuation should appear
outside of the quotation marks. A parenthetical phrase
or statement at the end of a sentence is punctuated
outside of the closing parenthesis (like this). (A
parenthetical sentence is punctuated within the
parentheses.)

A graph within a graph is an inset, not an insert.

The word alternatively is preferred to the word
alternately (unless you really mean something that
alternates).

Do not use the word essentially

approximately or effectively.

In your paper title, if the words that uses can

accurately replace the word using, capitalize the u; if
not, keep using lower-cased.

Be aware of the different meanings of the homophones

affect and effect, complement and compliment,
discreet and discrete, principal and principle.

Do not confuse imply and infer.

to mean

The prefix non is not a word; it should be joined to

the word it modifies, usually without a hyphen.

There is no period after the et in the Latin

abbreviation et al.

The abbreviation i.e. means that is, and the

abbreviation e.g. means for example.

An excellent style manual for science writers is [7].

IV. USING THE TEMPLATE
After the text edit has been completed, the paper is ready
for the template. Duplicate the template file by using the Save
As command, and use the naming convention prescribed by
your conference for the name of your paper. In this newly
created file, highlight all of the contents and import your
prepared text file. You are now ready to style your paper; use
the scroll down window on the left of the MS Word Formatting
toolbar.
A. Authors and Affiliations
The template is designed so that author affiliations are not
repeated each time for multiple authors of the same affiliation.
Please keep your affiliations as succinct as possible (for
example, do not differentiate among departments of the same
organization). This template was designed for two affiliations.
1) For author/s of only one affiliation (Heading 3): To
change the default, adjust the template as follows.
a) Selection (Heading 4): Highlight all author and
affiliation lines.
b) Change number of columns: Select the Columns icon
from the MS Word Standard toolbar and then select 1
Column from the selection palette.
c) Deletion: Delete the author and affiliation lines for
the second affiliation.
2) For author/s of more than two affiliations: To change
the default, adjust the template as follows.
a) Selection: Highlight all author and affiliation lines.
b) Change number of columns: Select the Columns
icon from the MS Word Standard toolbar and then select 1
Column from the selection palette.
c) Highlight author and affiliation lines of affiliation 1
and copy this selection.
d) Formatting: Insert one hard return immediately after
the last character of the last affiliation line. Then paste down
the copy of affiliation 1. Repeat as necessary for each
additional affiliation.
e) Reassign number of columns: Place your cursor to
the right of the last character of the last affiliation line of an
even numbered affiliation (e.g., if there are five affiliations,
place your cursor at end of fourth affiliation). Drag the cursor
up to highlight all of the above author and affiliation lines. Go
to Column icon and select 2 Columns. If you have an odd
number of affiliations, the final affiliation will be centered on
the page; all previous will be in two columns.

B. Identify the Headings

Headings, or heads, are organizational devices that guide
the reader through your paper. There are two types: component
heads and text heads.
Component heads identify the different components of your
paper and are not topically subordinate to each other. Examples
include ACKNOWLEDGMENTS and REFERENCES, and for
these, the correct style to use is Heading 5. Use figure
caption for your Figure captions, and table head for your
table title. Run-in heads, such as Abstract, will require you to
apply a style (in this case, italic) in addition to the style
provided by the drop down menu to differentiate the head from
the text.
Text heads organize the topics on a relational, hierarchical
basis. For example, the paper title is the primary text head
because all subsequent material relates and elaborates on this
one topic. If there are two or more sub-topics, the next level
head (uppercase Roman numerals) should be used and,
conversely, if there are not at least two sub-topics, then no
subheads should be introduced. Styles named Heading 1,
Heading 2, Heading 3, and Heading 4 are prescribed.
C. Figures and Tables
1) Positioning Figures and Tables: Place figures and
tables at the top and bottom of columns. Avoid placing them in
the middle of columns. Large figures and tables may span
across both columns. Figure captions should be below the
figures; table heads should appear above the tables. Insert
figures and tables after they are cited in the text. Use the
abbreviation Fig. 1, even at the beginning of a sentence.
TABLE I.
Table
Head
copy

TABLE STYLES
Table Column Head

Table column subhead

Subhead

Subhead

More table copya

We suggest that you use a text box to insert a graphic

(which is ideally a 300 dpi resolution TIFF or EPS file with
all fonts embedded) because this method is somewhat more
stable than directly inserting a picture.
To have non-visible rules on your frame, use the
MSWord Format pull-down menu, select Text Box >
Colors and Lines to choose No Fill and No Line.
a.

Sample of a Table footnote. (Table footnote)

b.

Fig. 1. Example of a figure caption. (figure caption)

Figure Labels: Use 8 point Times New Roman for Figure

labels. Use words rather than symbols or abbreviations when
writing Figure axis labels to avoid confusing the reader. As an
example, write the quantity Magnetization, or

Magnetization, M, not just M. If including units in the

label, present them within parentheses. Do not label axes only
with units. In the example, write Magnetization (A/m) or
Magnetization (A ( m(1), not just A/m. Do not label axes
with a ratio of quantities and units. For example, write
Temperature (K), not Temperature/K.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT (Heading 5)
The preferred spelling of the word acknowledgment in
America is without an e after the g. Avoid the stilted
expression one of us (R. B. G.) thanks .... Instead, try R. B.
G. thanks.... Put sponsor acknowledgments in the unnumbered
footnote on the first page.

REFERENCES
The template will number citations consecutively within
brackets [1]. The sentence punctuation follows the bracket [2].
Refer simply to the reference number, as in [3]do not use
Ref. [3] or reference [3] except at the beginning of a
sentence: Reference [3] was the first ...
Number footnotes separately in superscripts. Place the
actual footnote at the bottom of the column in which it was
cited. Do not put footnotes in the reference list. Use letters for
table footnotes.
Unless there are six authors or more give all authors
names; do not use et al.. Papers that have not been published,
even if they have been submitted for publication, should be
cited as unpublished [4]. Papers that have been accepted for
publication should be cited as in press [5]. Capitalize only
the first word in a paper title, except for proper nouns and
element symbols.
For papers published in translation journals, please give the
English citation first, followed by the original foreign-language
citation [6].
[1]

[2]
[3]

[4]
[5]
[6]

[7]

G. Eason, B. Noble, and I.N. Sneddon, On certain integrals of

Lipschitz-Hankel type involving products of Bessel functions, Phil.
Trans. Roy. Soc. London, vol. A247, pp. 529-551, April 1955.
(references)
J. Clerk Maxwell, A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism, 3rd ed., vol.
2. Oxford: Clarendon, 1892, pp.68-73.
I.S. Jacobs and C.P. Bean, Fine particles, thin films and exchange
anisotropy, in Magnetism, vol. III, G.T. Rado and H. Suhl, Eds. New
York: Academic, 1963, pp. 271-350.
K. Elissa, Title of paper if known, unpublished.
R. Nicole, Title of paper with only first word capitalized, J. Name
Stand. Abbrev., in press.
Y. Yorozu, M. Hirano, K. Oka, and Y. Tagawa, Electron spectroscopy
studies on magneto-optical media and plastic substrate interface, IEEE
Transl. J. Magn. Japan, vol. 2, pp. 740-741, August 1987 [Digests 9th
Annual Conf. Magnetics Japan, p. 301, 1982].
M. Young, The Technical Writers Handbook. Mill Valley, CA:
University Science, 1989.