1

Final Project Report

A Study of the Risk and Return of alternative Investment

Opportunities available to High Net worth Individuals A
Case Study of ING Vysya Bank Limited

BY :-

Suvro Banerjee
MBA(Fin), 4th Sem
SMU-DE
Raipur-LC
Roll No:-1302015373

Contents
Abstract
1. Introduction
1.1. Area of management
1.2. Company profile
1.3. Literature borrowed
1.3.1. Risk, Return and Diversification
1.3.2. High Net Worth Individuals
1.3.3. Investment options of HNIs
a. Mutual funds
b. Bank deposits
c. Government Securities
d. Corporate Bonds
e. Life Insurance Policy
f. Gold
g. Land
h. Equity
i. IPOs
j. Preference Shares
1.3.4 Instruments of investment provided by ING Vysya Bank
1.3.5 Instruments of investment not provided by ING Vysya Bank
2. Methodology
3. Problem Statement
4. Body/Analysis
4.1. SWOT Analysis
4.1.1 Equity Shares
4.1.2 Bank Deposits
4.1.3 Life Insurance Policy
4.1.4 Land
4.1.5 Mutual Funds
4.1.6 Gold
4.1.7 Preference Shares
4.1.8 IPOs
4.1.9 Government Securities
4.1.10Corporate Bonds
4.2 Tabular representation of various investment instruments

4.3 Analysis of each Investment Avenue

4.4 Analysis of investment habits of ING Vysyas HNIs

4.5 Threats posed to Professional Investment Advisors

5. Executive summary
6. Conclusion
Appendix Questionnaire

Bibliography

Abstract
Portfolio Management has been an integral part for any investor. Each Investor, whether
small or big is trying to maximize his/ her returns by making a diversified investment. To
diversify the investment the risk and return trade off of each investment avenue has to be
studied. Therefore the study of portfolio management and risk and return is very
important of an investor.
Now days there are professional investment advisors who study the risk and return
portfolio of each investor and design the most well suited portfolio from him/ her. Banks
also provide professional investment advice. This has opened up a huge market for the
advisors and has become very competitive.
ING Vysya Bank also provides professional advise to its clients. A common problem
faced by the banks advisors is that they have a low conversion rate on the advice given
by them.
Therefore a study and analysis has been conducted on a sample of 10 HNIs of the bank
to analyze their investment portfolio and risk appetite. An analysis of the banks products
is also conducted to understand them in detail. Then the required suggestions are made to
the investment advisors to improve the conversion rate and retain HNIs.

1.1 Area Of Management

The area of study, which my project report covers, is financial management. In financial
management my project report covers two subjects:
Portfolio management of ING Vysya banks HNI clients and;
Risk and return analysis of each investment avenue open to a HNI client.

Financial Management
Finance is an area of study which is namely concerned with two distinct areas i.e.
financing and investing. We will be dealing with financial management relating to
investment activities. This area of finance deals with finding out the best combination or
portfolio of financial assets and thus focuses attention on the allocation of funds once
they are acquired. This area focuses attention whether an investor should put all his
money in one financial asset or in a combination of different financial assets.
It studies and addresses the ways in which individuals raise, allocate and use monetary
resources over time, taking into account the risks entailed in their projects. It is the
application of a set of techniques that individuals use to manage their financial affairs,
particularly the differences between income and expenditure and the risks of their
investments.
An entity whose income exceeds its expenditure can lend or invest the excess income. On
the other hand, an entity whose income is less than its expenditure can raise capital by
borrowing or selling equity claims, decreasing its expenses, or increasing its income. We
will be focusing on those entities who have surplus income and are looking for
avenues of investment.
Therefore we will further go into portfolio management of individuals and risk and return
analysis of each investment avenue.

Risk And Return Analysis

The most important motive for an investor to invest is to earn a return on their
investment. However, selecting investments on the basis of maximization of return is not
enough. The investor also considers the risk associated with the investment.
Return means the benefit, which arises out of any investment or undertaking. In financial
management we are primarily concerned with the return paid to an individual investor.
Return can be paid in one go or at regular intervals. Return is the foremost important
reason for an investor to make an investment. The investor is always ready to undertake
new investment opportunities if the return paid are high.

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Risk means the variability of an investment or security returns. It means that the future
returns of the investor are unpredictable. It can be stated as the possibility that the actual
outcome of the a financial decision may not be the same as estimated. It refers to
possibility of receiving or not receiving the estimated return which can be quantified and
measured.
We will be discussing the risk and return of each investment avenue.

Portfolio Management:
A portfolio is a mixture of investment avenues. An investor usually maintains a portfolio.
The aim of managing a portfolio is to diversify and reduce risk and maximize return,
which is also otherwise known as not putting all your eggs in a single basket.
Portfolio Management is the processes, practices and specific activities to perform
continuous and consistent evaluation, prioritization, budgeting, and finally selection of
investments that provide the greatest value and contribution to the strategic interest of the
investor. Through portfolio management, the investor can explicitly assess the tradeoffs
among competing investment opportunities in terms of their benefit, costs, and risks.
The portfolio of each INGs HNI has been analyzed and on the basis of that various
investment options open for these customers through the bank have been suggested. Each
customer has the limit of risk he/she can undertake. This has also been looked into and
under the limitations, which are the best options available have been advised.
1.2 Company Profile
ING Vysya Bank Ltd.is a joint venture between Vysya Bank Ltd, a premier bank in the
Indian Private Sector and ING, a global financial powerhouse of Dutch origin. ING
Vysya Bank was incorporated in October 2002, after obtaining necessary clearance from
the Reserve Bank of India.
Vysya Bank was founded in 1930 to extend a helping hand to those who were deprived of
banking services. Since then the Bank has made rapid strides and has carved a distinct
identity of being Indias Premier Private Sector Bank. In 1985, the Bank became the
number one private sector bank in India.
ING Group is a global financial services company of Dutch origin with 150 years of
experience, providing a wide array of banking, insurance and asset management services
in over 65 countries. INGs over 114,000 employees work daily to satisfy a broad
customer base: individuals, families, small business, large corporations, institutions and
governments. Based on market capitalization, ING is one of the 20 largest financial
institutions worldwide and ranked in the top-10 in Europe. ING is the number one
financial services company in the Benelux home market. ING services its retail clients in
these markets with a wide range of retail-banking, insurance and asset management
services. INGs wholesale banking activities operate worldwide but with a primary focus

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on the Benelux countries. In the United States, ING is a top-5 provider of retirement
services and life insurance. In Canada, they are the top property and casualty insurer. ING
Direct is a leading direct bank with over 15 million customers in nine large countries. In
the growth markets of Asia, Central Europe and South America we, for example, provide
life insurance. We are also a large asset manager with assets under management of around
EURO 500 billion.
ING Vysya (as a group) has 3 businesses in India:
ING Life Insurance
ING Vysya Bank
ING Mutual Fund
ING Vysya Bank is a premier private sector bank with a 70-year heritage and 1.5 million
satisfied customers. ING Vysya Mutual Fund is a mid sized asset management company
with a retail investor focus.
The Immediate Benefit to ING Vysya Bank Ltd:

Pride of having become a member of global financial services giant, with an asset
base of Rs.4849 thousand crores
Presence of the group in over 65 countries, serving over 60 million customers
across the globe.
Pride of this global identity, the back up a financial power house and the status of
being the first Indian International Bank, would also greatly enhance productivity,
profitability resulting in improved performance for the bank to translate into
higher returns, to all stake holders

ING Vysya group a customer oriented company with a clear organization and strategy
that is founded on value based management. They have a strong position in mature
markets where we want to generate further growth through proper execution of our
business fundamentals and we focus on growth in retirement services, direct banking and
life insurance in developing markets. That way we try to offer our share holders a higher
return than the average of our peers.

1.3.1 Theory on Risk, Return and Diversification

There are many types of risk involved in financial decisions:
Capital Risk: the risk of incurring a capital loss due to downward changes in the
market price of a security is defined as the capital risk of a security. Investment in
most of the equity shares has this type of risk running with them.
Income risk: this is the risk of variation in return available from the security.
This risk is almost nil in bonds, debentures and preference shares

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Default risk: the risk involved in default in payment of interest or repayment of
principal amount by the company is called default risk. This risk is nil in
government bonds.
From the point of view of nature and attitude investors can be classified as:
Risk averse: those investors who avoid taking risk and prefer only those
investments, which have nil or relatively lower risk.
Risk seekers: those investors who are ready to take risk if the return is sufficient
enough. If given the choice between two risky investments, a risk seeker investor
would prefer the riskier one.
Neutrals: those investors who do not care much about the risk. Their investment
decisions are based on other factors other than risk and return.
Several factors are to be considered while deciding the portfolio as shows:
1. Liquidity and Marketability of the Portfolio : The portfolio must be
such as to provide liquidity whenever required. All funds should never be
blocked in long-term debt securities even if they are less risky.
2. Tax Planning: Portfolio selections are made in view of tax provisions in
relation to revenue incomes as well as capital gains. The investor should
plan the portfolio in a way as to minimize tax liability.
3. Capital Gains: Certain securities may provide lower returns in the short
run, but have a great potentiality of capital gains in the long run and also
provide a hedge against inflation.
4. Minimization of the Total Risk Position: While selecting a portfolio,
an investor should consider the total risk of the portfolio rather than the
risk of any particular investment only. The investor should minimize his
total risk.
5. Industry Diversification: An efficient portfolio should consist of an
investment made in different industries of diverse nature. Never put all
the eggs in the same basket is the principle.
The total risk of a portfolio can be bifurcated into two parts as follows:
1. Systematic or Market Risk: It is that part of total risk which cannot be
eliminated by diversification. The part of the risk that arises because every
security has a built in tendency to move in line with the fluctuations of the
market. The systematic risk refers to the fluctuations in return due to
general factors in the market. The systematic risk refers to fluctuation in
return due to general factors in the market such as money supply,
inflations, economic recession, industrial policy, interest rate policy of the
Government, credit policies, tax policies etc.
2. Unsystematic Risk: The unsystematic risk is one, which can be
eliminated by diversification. The risk represents the fluctuations in
returns of a security due to factors specific to the particular firm only and
not the market as a whole.

Diversification: is a risk-management technique that mixes a wide variety of

investments within a portfolio in order to minimize the impact that any one security will
have on the overall performance of the portfolio. Diversification lowers the risk of
portfolio. Academics have complex formulas to demonstrate how this works, then comes
up the concept of portfolio management.

There are three main practices that can help you ensure the best
diversification:
1. Spread your portfolio among multiple investment vehicles such as cash, stocks,
bonds, and mutual funds and perhaps even some real estate.
2. Vary the risk in your securities. You're not restricted to choosing only blue chip
stocks. In fact, it would be wise to pick investments with varied risk levels; this
will ensure that other areas offset large losses.
3. Vary your securities by industry. This will minimize the impact of industryspecific risks

We will now discuss what risk-return trade-off means.

RISK/RETURN TRADE-OFF - The balance an investor must decide on between the
desire for low risk and high returns, since low levels of uncertainty (low risk) are
associated with low potential returns and high levels of uncertainty (high risk) are
associated with high potential returns. Each investor tries to reach a point of risk/return in
his portfolio where the risk is minimum and return is maximum.

1.3.2 High Net worth Individuals

A high net worth individual is a person with large personal financial holdings.
Traditionally the term used was millionaire, but in recent years the term High Net Worth
individual (HNI) has become the descriptor of choice.
A classification used by the financial services industry to denote an individual or a family
with high net worth. Although there is no precise definition of how rich somebody must
be to fit into this category, high net worth is generally quoted in terms of liquid assets
over a certain figure. The exact amount differs by financial institution and region. The
categorization is relevant because high net worth individuals generally qualify
for separately managed investment accounts instead of regular mutual funds. HNWIs are
in high demand by private wealth managers. These individuals generally demand (and
can justify) personalized services in investment management, estate planning, tax
planning, and so on.
HNIs Investible assets refer to all fixed and current assets of the individual but exclude
his primary dwelling. They include a simple savings or fixed deposit account with a
financial institution, a securities account with a brokerage firm or an investment-linked
policy with an insurance company. If the HNI has more than one account with the entity,
the total net investible assets would mean the aggregate net invest able assets of the
accounts.

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India now is home to 83,000 millionaires and the country saw the world's second fastest
growth, at 19.3 per cent, in the number of high net-worth individuals in 2005.

Services wanted by High Net Worth Individuals:

HNIs are looking for professional advise on wealth management. This is termed as
priority banking. Priority banking provides two major services to HNIs. First is wealth
management and second is portfolio management.
Private Banking in a sense expands the definition of portfolio to wealth management.
Wealth includes existing as well as fresh funds and apart from the traditional equity (both
listed and private equity), debt and mutual funds, comprises art, real estate, jewellery etc.
The advantage banks have in providing this service is that there is a certain seamless ness
in the entire operation, from making an investment decision to the proceeds, including
charges being credited or debited to your account. Further, the essence of this business is
security and confidentiality, which is what good banking essentially, is all about.

The portfolio management product itself which banks offers can

typically, be broken into:
Advisory services: Flexible, unbiased investment advice customized to meet
client needs.
Transaction support: All transactions, both in the primary and secondary
markets facilitated through a panel of brokers.
Custodial services: Important from the point of view of removal of
settlement hassles and efficient follow-up of all corporate actions.
These are a few services demanded by HNIs from their financial advisors:
Wealth preservation and risk management
Estate planning
Tax planning
Retirement planning

When it came to selecting a financial provider or advisor - the

criteria for high-net-worth investors, in order of priority are:

Service quality;
Personal relationships with their financial advisors;
Valued advice; and
Investment performance.

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The ING Vysyas team offers customized portfolios for clients that take into account tax
constraints and the overall risk tolerance of each individual or family office. Risks within
each portfolio are carefully controlled via a disciplined investment process and
sophisticated risk management tools. ING Vysya provides priority banking to its HNIs
Priority banking is meant for the customer who is not really `mass market. The products
and services offered remain the same, but the customer gets to deal with a dedicated
Relationship Manager (RM) instead of a faceless entity. He or she can get his queries
answered on the phone, is visited at his home/office by his RM and, of course, is invited
to a host of events organized by the bank.
For ING Vysya bank an individual with an investment of 15 lakhs and above is
categorized as HNI.

1.3.3 Investment options of HNIs:

There are many investment tools an HNI can add to his/her investment portfolio. The
investment avenues suitable of each individual will be different. The investment type
undertaken by a person can be explained with the help of the risk-return trade off. Riskreturn trade of can be defined as The balance an investor must decide on between
the desire for low risk and high returns, since low levels of uncertainty (low risk) are
associated with low potential returns and high levels of uncertainty (high risk) are
associated with high potential returns.
Most investors take into consideration this trade-off before making their investments. An
investor who seeks higher returns would generally venture into the stock markets, while
one seeking stable and secure returns is likely to stick to fixed income securities. This
depends upon the persons social background, age, sex, work designation, family, running
income, future monetary requirements and various fixed commitments in life. If youre
investing to accumulate wealth by buying individual securities, there are two questions
you need to answer in order to limit your risk while seeking a satisfactory return:
1. What investment should you buy?
2. When should you buy them?

The only sound way to make these choices is to research the

possibilities until you know as much as you can about:

Overall market
Various sectors of the market
The company issuing the individual stock or bond your considering
The supply and demand of the securities your considering

For a thorough investigation, you need to do both fundamental and technical analysis,
either on your own or working with an adviser. Some of the techniques may seem

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intimidating, and the details overwhelming. But the information you need is readily
available.

Every bank and financial institute provides investors with various

instruments of investments. They are enumerated below:
1. Mutual funds
2. Insurance policies
3. Government securities
4. Corporate bonds
5. Fixed deposits
6. Land and property
7. Gold
8. Equity
9. IPOs
10. Preference shares
We will briefly discuss each product:

Mutual Funds:
Definition: a Mutual Fund is a pool of money, collected from investors, and is invested
according to certain investment objectives. A mutual fund is created when investors put
their money together. It is therefore a pool of the investors funds. The most important
characteristic of a mutual fund is that the contributors and the beneficiaries of the fund
are the same class of people, namely the investors. The term mutual means that investors
contribute to the pool, and also benefit from the pool. There are no other claimants to the
funds. The pool of funds held mutually by investors is the mutual fund.
Mutual funds reduce risks for the investors by investing in a portfolio of securities.
This means the funds are not invested in the same investment avenue. They offer readymade diversified portfolio, which enables investors to hold diversified portfolios. Mutual
funds invest in diversified securities, as the risk and return of different securities do not
necessarily move in the same direction, which reduces the risk of the portfolio.

The Fund Structure And Its Constituents:

Sponsor

The Asset
Management
Co. (AMC)

Clients

Trustee

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The structure of the mutual fund in India is governed by the SEBI (Mutual Fund)
Regulations, 1996. These regulations make it mandatory for the mutual funs to have a
three-tier structure of Sponsor-Trustee-Asset Management Company (AMC).
The sponsor is the promoter of the mutual fund and appoints the trustees.
The trustees are responsible to the investors in the mutual fund, and appoint the AMC for
managing the investment portfolio.
The AMC (investment managers) is the business face of the mutual fund, as it manages
all the affairs of the mutual fund. The mutual fund and the AMC have to be registered
with SEBI. The SEBI regulations also provide who can be the 3 entities and the format of
agreement between them.

Mutual funds can be structured in the following ways:

a.

b.

Company form- in which investors hold shares of mutual fund. In this structure
management of the fund is in the hands of an elected board, which in turn
appoints investment managers to manage the fund.
Trust form- in which the funds of the investors are held by the trust, on behalf of
the investors. The trust appoints investment managers and monitors their
functioning, in the interest of the investors. (4)

The benefits of investing in mutual funds are:

Professional management of your money who have the experience and resources
to thoroughly analyze the economy and financial markets, and spot good
opportunities.
Diversification by which with smaller amounts of investment you can achieve a
high degree of diversification and reduce your risk.
Liquidity and convenience of getting back your money easily whenever you
want and there is very less paper work to do. Easy to track your investments.
Tax benefits are also available for certain schemes. (5)
Affordability Investors individually may lack sufficient funds to invest in highgrade stocks. A mutual fund because of its large corpus allows even a small
investor to take the benefit of its investment strategy.
Well-Regulated All Mutual Funds are registered with SEBI and they function
within the provisions of strict regulations designed to protect the interests of
investors. The operations of Mutual Funds are regularly monitored by SEBI. (7)

Investment avenues of mutual funds

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Mutual Funds invests into

Stocks

Bonds

Money market instruments

Stocks: mutual funds invest into stocks, which represent ownership or equity in a
company, popularly known as shares.
Bonds: these represent debt from companies, financial institutions or government
agencies.
Money market instruments: these include short-term debt instruments such as treasury
bills, certificate of deposits and inter-bank call money.

There are different types of mutual funds. The chart below will show
them

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MUTUAL FUNDS

Open-Ended
funds

Close-Ended
Funds

Hybrid/
balanced
fund

Index
Funds
Income/
bond
funds

Equity
funds

Growth fund
Value fund
Blend fund
Large-cap fund
Mid-cap fund
Small-cap fund

By structure:

Interval funds

Gilt funds
Income funds
MIPs
Short-term
Medium-term
Long-term

Specialty
Funds
Money
Market
funds
Sector specific
fund
Regional funds
Socially
responsible fund
Tax saving
schemes

Global/
Internationa
l Fund

Global funds
Foreign funds
Country specific
funds
Emerging
market funds

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Open-ended Funds: An open-end fund is one that is available for subscription all
through the year. These do not have a fixed maturity. Investors can conveniently
buy and sell units at Net Asset Value ("NAV") related prices. The key feature of
open-end schemes is liquidity. Most of the funds in India are open-ended funds.
Close-ended fund: A closed-end fund has a stipulated maturity period which
generally ranging from 3 to 15 years. The fund is open for subscription only
during a specified period. Investors can invest in the scheme at the time of the
initial public issue and thereafter they can buy or sell the units of the scheme on
the stock exchanges where they are listed. In order to provide an exit route to the
investors, some close-ended funds give an option of selling back the units to the
Mutual Fund through periodic repurchase at NAV related prices. SEBI
Regulations stipulate that at least one of the two exit routes is provided to the
investor. (8)
Interval funds: Interval funds combine the features of open-ended and closeended schemes. They are open for sale or redemption during pre-determined
intervals at NAV related prices.

Equity funds:
Funds that invest in stocks represent the largest category of mutual funds. Generally, the
investment objective of this class of funds is long-term capital growth with some income.
There are, however, many different types of equity funds because there are many
different types of equities. These funds invest a major part of their corpus in equities. The
composition of the fund may vary from scheme to scheme and the fund managers
outlook on various scripts.

Investment in equity funds can be divided into two types:

1. Investment style:

Growth fund: The objective of Growth Fund scheme is to provide capital

appreciation over the medium to long term. This type of scheme is an ideal
scheme for the investors seeking capital appreciation for a long period. (11)
These funds buy shares in companies that are growing rapidly but are
probably not going to go out of business too quickly. Growth funds rarely
provide dividend income and are considered risky investments
Value fund: The term value refers to a style of investing that looks for high
quality companies that are out of favor with the market. Low P/E and price-tobook ratios characterize these companies and high dividend yields. (13) These

funds invest in large and mid-sized companies that appear to be

overlooked or out of favor. These undervalued stocks tend to pay
dividends.

Blend fund: These funds are a "blend" of both growth and value stocks.

2. Size of Investment:

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Large cap funds: These funds buy shares of big companies. Think IBM.
The stock prices for these companies tend to be relatively stable, and the
companies may pay a decent dividend. In companies whose market value
(# shares outstanding X current market price) is large. By large, I mean
greater than $9 billion. These "blue-chip" funds tend to be well-established
corporations and tend to pay dividends.
Mid cap funds: These funds buy shares of medium-size companies. The
stock prices for these companies are less volatile than the small cap
companies, but more volatile (and with greater potential for growth) than
the large cap companies. These funds invest in mid-sized companies
whose market value is more in the range of $1 billion to $9 billion.
Small cap funds: These funds buy shares of small companies. Think new
IPOs. The stock prices for these companies tend to be highly volatile, and
the companies never (ever) pay a dividend. You may also find funds called
micro cap, which invest in the smallest of publically traded companies.

Index funds:
A portfolio of investments that is weighted the same as a stock-exchange index in order
to mirror its performance. This process is also referred to as "indexing". An index is
simply a group of stocks chosen to represent a particular segment of the market. Usually
this is accomplished by purchasing small amounts of each stock in a market. The
manager is not trying to find the hot stocks or great deals. Instead, the manager is simply
trying to match a chosen index. The results are funds that are very cost efficient,
meaning the operating costs are very low, and often beat most actively managed funds. (15)
For example, a stock index fund based on the Dow Jones Industrial Average would buy
shares in the 30 stocks that make up the Dow, only buying or selling shares as needed to
invest new money or to cash out investors. The advantage of an index fund is the very
low expenses. After all, it doesn't cost much to run one.

Bond/Income Funds:
An income fund invests in either corporate, government, or municipal debt securities. A
debt security is an obligation, which pays interest on a regular basis. Hence, this type of
fund is designed for investors who desire periodic income payments. There are, however,

18
substantial differences and varying degrees of risk among income funds depending on the
credit quality of the debt issuer, the maturity of the debt instrument, and prevailing
interest rates.
Gilt-funds: Invest their corpus in securities issued by Government, popularly
known as Gilt debt papers. These Funds carry zero Default risk but are associated
with Interest Rate risk. These schemes are safer as they invest in papers backed by
Government.
Income funds: Invest a major portion into various debt instruments such as
bonds, corporate debentures and Government securities.

MIPs: Invests around 80% of their total corpus in debt instruments while the

rest of the portion is invested in equities. It gets benefit of both equity and debt
market. These scheme ranks slightly high on the risk-return matrix when
compared with other debt schemes.
Short-term Bond Funds: usually means the holdings have up to two years left
to maturity. This includes bills, CDs, and commercial paper.
Intermediate-term Bond Funds: usually means the holdings have between
two years to ten years until maturity. This includes notes,
Long-term Bond Funds: usually means the holdings have over ten years left to
maturity.

Hybrid/balanced fund:
Hybrid mutual funds have been around since the late 1920s. They are funds that are
invested in common stock, preferred stock, bonds, and may have an international or a
cash component as well.
Hybrid mutual funds may be suited for:
1. Investors who are just starting out and want diversification within a single fund,
and
2. Those who want a simplified portfolio of only one or two funds.
3. One type of a hybrid mutual fund is called a "balanced fund". These funds
generally have low volatility and are popular with investors seeking current
income and growth potential.
The funds objectives and the fund manager determine the ratio of stocks to bonds. Funds
with balanced or income in the name normally have a fixed ratio from which they
cant deviate. On the average, their ratio of stocks to other investments is approximately
60:40. Managers of balanced funds can, however, shift this ratio one way or the other to
take advantage of high interest rates or stock market growth. These funds may be equityoriented and skewed toward stocks, or income-oriented and skewed toward bonds.

Money Market funds:

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A money market fund is a type of mutual fund that is required by law to invest in low-risk
securities. These funds have relatively low risks compared to other mutual funds and pay
dividends that generally reflect short-term interest rates. Unlike a "money market deposit
account" at a bank, money market funds are not federally insured.
Money market funds typically invest in government securities, certificates of deposits,
commercial paper of companies, and other highly liquid and low-risk securities. They
attempt to keep their net asset value (NAV) at a constant $1.00 per shareonly the
dividend yield goes up and down. But a money markets per share NAV may fall below
$1.00 if the investments perform poorly. While investor losses in money market funds
have been rare, they are possible.
Although money market mutual funds are among the safest types of mutual funds, it still
is possible for money market mutual funds to fail, but it is unlikely. In fact, the biggest
risk involved in investing in money market funds is the risk that inflation will outpace the
funds' returns, thereby eroding the purchasing power of the investor's money.

Types of money market mutual funds are:

Prime funds
Government funds
Tax-exempt funds

Specialty mutual funds:

This classification of mutual funds is more of an all-encompassing category that consists
of funds that have proved to be popular but don't necessarily belong to the categories
we've described so far. This type of mutual fund forgoes broad diversification to
concentrate on a certain segment of the economy.

Sector funds are targeted at specific sectors of the economy such as financial,
technology, health, etc. Sector funds are extremely volatile. There is a greater
possibility of big gains, but you have to accept that your sector may tank.
Regional funds make it easier to focus on a specific area of the world. This may
mean focusing on a region (say Latin America) or an individual country (for
example, only Brazil). An advantage of these funds is that they make it easier to
buy stock in foreign countries, which is otherwise difficult and expensive. Just
like for sector funds, you have to accept the high risk of loss, which occurs if the
region goes into a bad recession.
Socially responsible funds (or ethical funds) invest only in companies that meet
the criteria of certain guidelines or beliefs. Most socially responsible funds don't
invest in industries such as tobacco, alcoholic beverages, weapons or nuclear
power. The idea is to get a competitive performance while still maintaining a
healthy conscience.
Tax saving schemes: The objective of Tax Saving schemes is to offer tax rebates
to the investors under specific provisions of the Indian Income Tax Laws.

20
Investments made under some schemes are allowed as deduction u/s 88 of the
Income Tax Act.

Global mutual fund:

This type of mutual fund makes its investment in international markets. They invest
beyond the national boundaries in foreign lands. They invest in foreign companies.

Bank deposits:
Meaning: When you deposit a certain sum in a bank with a fixed rate of interest and a
specified time period, it is called a bank Fixed Deposit (FD). At maturity, you are entitled
to receive the principal amount as well as the interest earned at the pre-specified rate
during that period. The rate of interest for Bank Fixed Deposits varies between 4 and 11
per cent, depending on the maturity period of the FD and the amount invested. The
interest can be calculated monthly, quarterly, half-yearly, or annually, and varies from
bank to bank. They are one the most common savings avenue, and account for a
substantial portion of an average investor's savings. The facilities vary from bank to bank.
Some services offered are withdrawal through cheques on maturity; break deposit
through premature withdrawal, and overdraft facility etc.
Interest income from Bank FD qualifies for exemption under section 80L, which means
the interest income is exempt up to limit of Rs 9000.

There are two basic types of fixed deposit accounts:

1. Time deposit - where you agree to deposit money for a fixed period. The longer
the period and the greater the amount, the higher the interest rate. Fixed periods
range from one month to one year. The interest rate is higher than call deposit
2. Call deposit - where you agree to withdraw money only after giving a period of
notice to us.
There is a minimum deposit for setting up fixed deposit accounts. It helps you to save
money by forcing you to keep your money intact for a certain period. However, if in any
case you need to withdraw money before the maturity date, you can always come to us
and special arrangements could be made. Interest loss and an early withdrawal charge
will result from such changes.

Features
Bank deposits are fairly safe because banks are subject to control of the Reserve Bank of
India (RBI) with regard to several policy and operational parameters. The banks are free
to offer varying interests in fixed deposits of different maturities. Interest is compounded
once a quarter, leading to a somewhat higher effective rate.
The minimum deposit amount varies with each bank. It can range from as low as Rs. 100
to an unlimited amount with some banks.

Advantages
Bank deposits are the safest investment after Post office savings because all bank deposits
are insured under the Deposit Insurance & Credit Guarantee Scheme of India. It is

21
possible to get a loan up to75- 90% of the deposit amount from banks against fixed
deposit receipts. The interest charged will be 2% more than the rate of interest earned by
the deposit. One can get a bank FD at any bank, be it nationalized, private, or foreign.
You have to open a FD account with the bank, and make the deposit. (

The deposit period can vary from 15, 30 or 45 days to 3, 6 months, 1 year, 1.5
years to 10 years. (below one crore)
Duration

Interest rate (%) per annum

7 - 15 days

2.50%

16 - 40 days

3.50%

41 44 days

4.00 %

45-60 days

5.50%

61-90 days

7.00%

91 119 days

7.50%

120 days

7.75%

121 364 days

7.50%

365-366 days

8.25%

367 days to 10 years

7.25%

Government Securities:
Definition: Government bonds are securities issued by the Central and State
governments. As banker to the government, the Reserve Bank of India regularly services
the payment of interest and the principal on these securities. Since these are sovereign
paper, the bonds are regarded as the safest. The other advantages of the government
securities are that they are tradable and can be used as collateral for loans. There is no
deduction at source (TDS) on interest payments on government securities. But for
individuals, interest income up to Rs 3,000 per annum is only exempt from income tax.

The benefits of investing in a government security are:

1. Safety: The Zero Default Risk is the greatest attraction for investments in
Government Securities. It enjoys the greatest amount of security possible, as the
Government of India issues it. Hence they are also known as Gilt-Edged Securities
or'Gilts'.
2. Fixed Income: During the term of the security there is likely to be fluctuations in
the Government Security prices and thus there exists a price risk associated with
investment in Government Security. However, the return on the holding of
investment is fixed if the security is held till maturity and the effective yield at the

22

3.
4.

5.
6.

time of purchase is known and certain. In other words the investment becomes a
fixed income investment if the buyer holds the security till maturity.
Convenience: Government Securities do not attract deduction of tax at source
(TDS) and hence the investor having a non-taxable gross income need not file a
return only to obtain a TDS refund.
Simplicity: To buy and sell Government Securities all an individual has to do is call
his / her Equity Broker and place an order. If an individual does not trade in the
Equity markets, he / she has to open a demat account and then can commence
trading through any Equity broker.
Liquidity: Government Security when actively traded on exchanges will be highly
liquid, since a national trading platform is available to the investors.
Diversification: Government Securities are available with a tenor of a few months
up to 30 years. An investor then has a wide time horizon, thus providing greater
diversification opportunities.

The factors, which affect the price of government securities:

The price of a Government Security in the markets is determined by the forces of
demand and supply, as is the case in any market. The price of a Government Security in
the marketplace also depends on a number of other factors and will fluctuate according
to changes in:
Economic conditions.
General money market conditions including the position of money supply, in
the economy.
Interest rates prevalent in the market and the rates of new issues.
Credit quality of the issuer

Corporate Bonds:
Bonds issued by a corporation are called corporate bonds. When a company needs to
raise funds for some type of investment or expenditure, they often turn to the public
markets for funding. One way to do this is to issue additional stock in the company, but
this has implications on the value of the shares and dilutes ownership. The other major
option is to sell bonds to the public and take on debt. Selling bonds is often more
attractive to companies than getting a loan from a bank.
Corporate bonds are debts issued by industrial, financial and service companies to
finance capital investment and operating cash flow. Investors in corporate bonds have a
wide range of choices when it comes to bond structures, coupon rates, maturity dates,
credit quality and industry exposure. Investors in corporate bonds have a wide range of
choices when it comes to bond structures, coupon rates, maturity dates, credit quality and
industry exposure.

23
When you buy a bond, you are lending money to the corporation that issued it. The
corporation promises to return your money, or principal, on a specified maturity date.
Until that time, it also pays you a stated rate of interest, usually semiannually. The
interest payments you receive from corporate bonds are taxable. Unlike stocks, bonds do
not give you an ownership interest in the issuing corporation.
The bonds are fully taxable, and they are issued in maturities ranging from less than one
year to about 30 years (although there are a few corporate bonds that mature in more than
30 years).

Types of Issuers

There are five main classifications of issuers representing various

sectors that issue corporate bonds: (26)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Public utilities
Transportation companies
Industrial corporations
Financial services companies
Conglomerates

Benefits of Investing in Corporate Bonds

Investors buy corporate for a variety of reasons:
Attractive yields Corporate usually offer higher yields than comparable-maturity
government bonds or CDs. This high-yield potential is generally accompanied by
higher risks.
Dependable income People who want steady income from their investments,
while preserving their principal, include corporate in their portfolios.
Safety Corporate bonds are evaluated and assigned a rating based on credit
history and ability to repay obligations. The higher the rating, the safer the
investment.
Diversity Corporate bonds provide the opportunity to choose from a variety of
sectors, structures and credit-quality characteristics to meet your investment
objectives.
Marketability If you must sell a bond before maturity, in most instances you can
do so easily and quickly because of the size and liquidity of the market.

Life Insurance Policy

Meaning: Life insurance is a form of insurance that pays monetary proceeds upon the
death of the insured covered in the policy. Essentially, a life insurance policy is a contract
between the named insured and the insurance company wherein the insurance company

24
agrees to pay an agreed upon sum of money to the insured's named beneficiary so long as
the insured's premiums are current.
The cost of life insurance varies depending on such factors as the insured's age, health,
and occupation. For example, the premium for a 25-year-old, male, non-smoker in
excellent health will be far less expensive than a similar policy for a 65-year-old male
smoker. Similarly, a sky dive instructor would have to pay much higher premiums for life
insurance than would a librarian.
Life insurance is available in a number of different forms to fit the tastes of the proposed
insured. Some of the typical forms of life insurance policies include: whole life, variable
life, and term life. Term life insurance policies begin with low premiums during the
initial stages of the policy and these premiums increase steadily as the insured grows
older. There is no cash build-up in a term policy and, accordingly, the death benefit will
not increase.
With whole life and variable life insurance, a portion of each premium pays for the
insurance and the remainder serves as a tax-free investment. A whole life policy sets a
premium at the beginning of the policy and that premium does not change over the life of
the policy. This form of insurance allows for a cash build-up during the insured's life.
This cash build-up can be used during the course of the policy or it will simply serve to
increase the death benefit in the end.
In a variable life product, the premium remains the same over the life of the policy, and
there should be a cash build-up as long as the various mutual funds selected by the
insured perform well.

Need for a life insurance policy:

Protection- You need life insurance to be there and protect the people you love,
making sure that your family has a means to look after itself after you are gone. It
is a thoughtful business concept designed to protect the economic value of a
human life for the benefit of those financially dependent on him. Thats a good
reason. Supposing you suffer an injury that keeps you from earning? Would you
like to be a financial burden on your family, already losing out on your salary?
With a life insurance policy, you are protected. Your family is protected.
Retirement- Life insurance makes sure that you have regular income after you
retire and also helps you maintain your standard of living. It can ensure that your
post-retirement years are spent in peace and comfort.
Savings and Investments- Insurance is a means to Save and Invest. Your periodic
premiums are like Savings and you are assured of a lump sum amount on
maturity. A policy can come in really handy at the time of your childs education
or marriage! Besides, it can be used as supplemental retirement income!
Tax Benefits- Life insurance is one of the best tax saving options today. Your tax
can be saved twice on a life insurance policy-once when you pay your premiums
and once when you receive maturity benefits. Money saved is money earned.

25

Contract and Policy

An insurance contract cannot cover all conceivable risks. An insurance contract that
violates a statute is contrary to public policy, or plays a part in some prohibited activity
will be held unenforceable in court. A contract that protects against the loss of burglary
tools, for example, is contrary to public policy and unenforceable.

Insurable Interest
To qualify for an insurance policy, the insured must have an insurable interest, meaning
that the insured must derive some benefit from the continued preservation of the article
insured, or stand to suffer some loss as a result of that article's loss or destruction. Life
insurance requires some familial and pecuniary relationship between the insured and the
beneficiary. Property insurance requires that the insured must simply have a lawful
interest in the safety or preservation of the property.

Claims
The most common issue in insurance disputes is whether the insurer is obligated to pay a
claim. The determination of the insurer's obligation depends on many factors, such as the
circumstances surrounding the loss and the precise coverage of the insurance policy. If a
dispute arises over the language of the policy, the general rule is that a court should
choose the interpretation most favorable to the insured. An insurance company may deny
or cancel coverage if the insured party concealed or misrepresented a material fact in the
policy application. If an applicant presents an unacceptably high risk of loss for an
insurance company, the company may deny the application or offer prohibitively high
premiums. A company may cancel a policy if the insured fails to make payments. A
company may refuse to pay a claim if the insured intentionally caused the loss or damage.
(31)

Gold:
Gold is the standard by which the value of anything is assessed; it is universally accepted.
India has been a traditional gold-hoarder. Indians love gold.
Investment in gold can be done directly through ownership, or indirectly through
certificates, accounts, shares, futures etc. Most investors would not recommend storing
gold oneself (e.g. in one's home or buried in the garden) but to use a bank or dealer.
Gold prices have seen an upward trend in the past 3 years. Though the earlier decades
saw a relatively poor performance by the precious metal, gold prices are likely to rise
steadily over the longer term. This investment opportunity is showing an upswing again.
With uncertainty in the stock market and decline in the US dollar, investors are taking a
fresh look at gold as an investment option. Gold works as a perfect hedge against
investment in other assets. In fact, when other investments take a beating, gold
investment tends to stabilize. As a long term investor, holding on to gold investment is a
good tip.

Factors affecting the prices of gold:

26

Gold Demand-Obviously the higher the demand for Gold, the higher its
price. Certain nations hold the metal in high regard and often use it for major
purchases or investments (by purchasing jewelry etc). China and India are very
important consumers where there seems to be a emerging business population
looking to invest in some physical cash assets. Gold, Platinum and Diamonds are
also heavily used in industry.
Dollar Price- Gold is typically quoted in Dollars, and if the dollar begins to sink
then the value of Gold tends to increase and vice-versa.

Market Fear- Whenever the stock markets or political situations look bad then
people tends to fly towards Gold. Stock market crashes, terrorist attacks, or wars
will all tend to push the value of Gold up.

Market Greed- As with all investments their performance can be self

perpetuating, i.e. they start doing well and so more people get interested, the Gold
funds start appear on the front page of the Money section in the telegraph, and the
general public are advised to buy, buy, buy. This obviously has the effect of
pushing gold prices, and gold mine share prices up, as everyone wants to get in on
the act. (33)

Types of Gold investments:

Bullion coins
Gold Bars
Gold Certificates
Gold Accounts
Gold Mining Shares

Tax Implications
Since there is no income as such from holding gold, there is no liability for income tax.
But bullion and jewellery are subject to capital gains tax and wealth tax, without any
exemptions whatsoever.

Reasons for investment in gold:

An investment portfolio with an allocation in gold improves the consistency of portfolio
performance during both stable and unstable periods
Gold is also a currency hedge because it has an inverse relationship with dollar.
Gold is also an inflation hedge as proved by a 400-year study of the purchasing power of
gold. One ounce of gold would consistently purchase the same amount of goods and
services, as it would have done 400 years

Land
Real estate investment in India is the single most lucrative option in the modern times. If
you are looking to buy a piece of real estate in the county right now, many would aver

27
that the decision might well be worth it. There are a few factors that go into such a
conclusion good returns and long-term investment option being a few. Since India is
emerging as a fast growing economy, real estate is becoming a by-word for affluence.
Investments in commercial land, agricultural land, land for schools, factories, industries,
hospitals or resorts, land for houses, shopping arcades makes ample business sense. (34)
The simplicity and transparency of land investment has gained many followers. There are
no complicated concepts that investors need to understand, just that there is an everincreasing demand for building land. Unlike stocks and shares, the land investor will
always have a tangible investment they can touch and use. Furthermore, due to its limited
supply and demand, one can also rest assured that land values will always be on the rise,
having already increased eight fold in value over the last twenty years.

Equity
Equity shares represent proportionate ownership in a company. Investors who own equity
shares of a company are entitled to ownership rights, like voting for selection of directors
on the Board, share in profits of the company, etc. Investors who own equity shares in a
company are called shareholders. Shareholders are entitled to share profit of the company
in the form of "dividend" or "bonus shares", if Board of Directors and majority of the
shareholders agree. The equity shareholders are paid an annual dividend depending on the
profitability of the firm, which is proposed by the Board and passed in the Annual
General Meeting of the company.

Equity investment generally refers to the buying and holding of shares of stock on a
stock market by individuals and funds in anticipation of income from dividends and
capital gain as the value of the stock rises. It also sometimes refers to the acquisition of
equity (ownership) participation in a private (unlisted) company or a startup (a company
being created or newly created). When the investment is in infant companies, it is
referred to as venture capital investing and is generally understood to be higher risk than
investment in listed going-concern situations.

Benefits of investing in Equity shares

Benefits accorded to the equity shareholders in the form of dividend, rights and bonus are
termed collectively as corporate benefits. These are normally given to those investors
whose names appear in the Register of Members of the company before the
commencement of the Book Closure period or before the record date. Dividend is the
share of the profit paid out to the owners of the company.

IPOs
IPO stands for initial public offering. An initial public offering (IPO) is the first sale of
a corporation's common shares to public investors. The main purpose of an IPO is to raise
capital for the corporation. While IPOs are effective at raising capital, they also impose
heavy legal compliance and reporting requirements. The term only refers to the first

28
public issuance of a company's shares; any later public issuance of shares is referred to as
a Secondary Market Offering. IPOs are often smaller, younger companies seeking capital
to expand their business.
In an IPO, the issuer obtains the assistance of an underwriting firm, which helps it
determine what type of security to issue (common or preferred), best offering price and
time to bring it to market.
IPOs can be a risky investment. For the individual investor, it is tough to predict what
the stock will do on its initial day of trading and in the near future since there is often
little historical data with which to analyze the company. Also, most IPOs are of
companies going through a transitory growth period, and they are therefore subject to
additional uncertainty regarding their future value.

The benefit of picking up shares from IPO rather than buying from
stock market:
Often companies issue their shares at par or at economic rate to attract public and when
the shares get listed in the stock exchange generally the prices go up. Short-term traders
immediately sell those shares and make profits. Long-term investors wait for their eggs to
hatch properly before selling.

The procedure of applying shares through IPO

IPO are generally heavily advertised in the media and newspaper because companies
want to ensure the success of their issue. Through this advertisement Companies also get
a good publicity for their product. One must go through the prospectus very carefully as
every detail about the subscription is clearly mentioned in it. The information is also
available on company's site or SEBI web site. Fill up the application form carefully.
Application form are available at any broker's office or on some street kiosks in the
financial area of a city. Fill it up and deposit along with application money in the form of
cheque or bank demand draft. If you get subscription pay the subsequent call money on
time in order to get relief from penalty or forfeiture.

Preference shares:
Capital stock, which provides a specific dividend that, is paid before any dividends are
paid to common stock holders, and which takes precedence over common stock in the
event of a liquidation. Like common stock, preference shares represent partial ownership
in a company, although preferred stock shareholders do not enjoy any of the voting rights
of common stockholders. Also unlike common stock, preference shares pay a fixed
dividend that does not fluctuate, although the company does not have to pay this dividend
if it lacks the financial ability to do so.

The main benefits to owning preference shares are:

1. That the investor has a greater claim on the companys assets than common
stockholders.
2. Preferred shareholders always receive their dividends first and,
3. In the event the company goes bankrupt, preferred shareholders are paid off
before common stockholders.

29

In general, there are four different types of preferred stock:

Cumulative preferred- this means that if this year's dividend wasn't paid, then it
will be carried forward to next year
Non-cumulative- this means that if a years dividend wasnt paid, then it will not
be carried forward to the next year
Participating Preference share- the owner of such a share has the right to
participate in, or receive, additional dividends over and above the fixed percentage
dividend.
Convertible - preferred stock- then the shareholders have the option at some stage
of converting them into ordinary shares.

1.3.4 Instruments of investment provided by ING Vysya

Bank Ltd
ING Vysya in India is active in life insurance, asset management and banking. ING Vysya
Bank intends to bring to its customers in India a range of integrated financial solutions
tailored to meet customer needs in banking.
ING Vysya provides a wide range of investment opportunity to its high net worth
individuals. ING Vysya Bank Private Banking aims to give the best advice on portfolio
by giving customized solutions and exclusive client management. The 3-stage process
followed by our wealth managers is:
1. Wealth Creation
2. Wealth Preservation
3. Wealth Transmission

a. Action programmed for wealth creation

Portfolio Management on non-discretionary basis
Optimum asset allocation, without excessive concentration or diversification
Investments in equity market done through Direct Equity and Mutual Fund route
Regular comprehensive reports and face-to face portfolio status meetings
Identification of the best investment opportunities based on individual preferences
Exclusive banking privileges including access to lending resources from the bank
for developing business, exploiting investment opportunities, or personal
spending
Optimization of risk-reward opportunities; risk management through sophisticated
risk control mechanisms
Asset structuring, financial advisory, legal and tax planning

b. Range of services for wealth preservation

Exclusive Banking Privileges
Investment Advice and Financial Planning

30

Asset Structuring
Portfolio Management
The portfolio most suitable to meet your specific goals is adapted
Portfolio diversified to spread risk, and designed with an optimal blend of equity,
fixed income, securities, insurance and pension schemes

c. Action programmed for wealth transmission

Portfolio Management Services
Estate Planning
Legal Advice
Inheritance Planning
Creating an appropriate framework for a legally binding wealth transmission
Exclusive Banking Privileges
Investment Advice

The bank provides the above-mentioned services to its HNIs through the
selling of various products. The products offered by ING Vysya bank are:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Mutual fund services

Life Insurance Policy
Bank deposits
Government bonds
Demat Account
Advisory services

We will briefly discuss each product:

1. Mutual fund services provided by ING Vysya bank:

ING Vysya Bank sells various mutual fund schemes. It sells its own mutual fund, which
is ING Vysya Mutual fund along with all other mutual funds. It is an intermediary
between the customer and the mutual fund house.
From the beginning mutual fund house have relied extensively on intermediaries to
market their schemes to investors. It would be accurate to say that without intermediaries,
the mutual fund industry would not have achieved the depth and breadth of coverage
amongst investors that it enjoys today. Intermediaries have played a pivotal and valuable
role in popularizing the concept of mutual funds across India.
They make the forms available to clients, explain the schemes and provide administrative
and paperwork support to investors, making it easy and convenient for the clients to
invest. Intermediaries play a pivotal role in promoting sale of mutual fund schemes.

To name a few mutual fund schemes sold by ING Vysya bank are:
1. Franklin Templeton

31
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

SBI
DSP Merrill lynch
Reliance
ING Vysya
TATA
UTI
HDFC
Optimix

2. Life insurance Policy sold by ING Vysya bank:

ING Vysya bank sells the insurance policy of its own brand i.e. ING Vysya Life Insurance
Company Private Limited (the Company). It entered the private life insurance industry in
India in September 2001, and in a short span of 4 years has established itself as a
distinctive life insurance brand with an innovative, attractive and customer friendly
product portfolio and a professional advisor sales force
At ING Vysya Life, there is nothing we hold higher than life itself. They therefore view
their plans not as tax saving devices but as a means to add protection to life. They believe
in enhancing the very quality of life, in addition to safeguarding your security. Their
products are designed in a way that helps you bear heavy expenses while building your
home or providing for your children's education and marriage. They make sure your post
retirements years are carefree and secure, ensuring your family and loved ones are
protected against financial difficulties in the event of a premature death.
Depending on your personal needs, priorities and individual responsibilities, you can go
for a Protection, Saving or Investment plan. If you were not sure of which plan would suit
you best, you could use the Life Maker, an application we developed for that very
purpose.

What are these plans?

1.Protection
Protection plans safeguard your income and your familys financial future in case you are
not around. They shield you from heavy economic loss and reduce the impact of financial
risk on you and those dependent on you.
Conquering Life

2.Saving
Saving plans act as a compulsory savings instrument for families when the premium is
paid regularly. They work as long-term savings, enhanced by tax benefits, which give you
the financial strength to achieve your life goals.
Reassuring Life (Cash Bonus)
Reassuring Life (Reversionary Bonus)

32

Creating Life
Maximizing Life
Safal Jeevan
Creating life Money Back
Safal Jeevan Money Back

3.Investment
Investment plans act as wealth creation instruments helping to create big estates for the
family. It is a long-term investment, free from the risk of market swings. At the end of the
term, you or your family can enjoy added returns on investment.
Rewarding Life
Powering Life
Fulfilling Life
Freedom Plan- Unit Linked
One Life
New Fulfilling Life
Platinum Life
ING Positive Life

4. Retirement
These plans ensure that your post-retirement years are spent in peace and comfort. They
make sure that you have regular income after you retire and also help you maintain your
standard of living.
Best Years
Future Perfect

3. Bank deposit of ING Vysya Bank:

By investing in ING Vysya Bank Fixed Deposit, your money not only stays secure but
also accumulates good interest over the period of deposit. Partial withdrawal from your
Fixed Deposits before maturity can bail you out in times of need.

Features and Benefits:

Tenor based Rate of Interest Higher interests can be accrued for longer periods
of deposits.
Compounded Interest can be earned by reinvesting the principal amount along
with the interest earned during the period.
Premature withdrawal allowed at a nominal penalty.

33
Option to place deposits in multiples of Rs.1000 as units under Vysunits, enabling
withdrawal as per need, in multiples of Rs.1000.
Higher rate of interest on Fixed Deposits for Senior Citizens.
Option to draw interest by way of DD / PO / Credit to own SB account with ING
Vysya Bank, Monthly (at a discount) or Quarterly, as per choice.
Loans upto 90% of the deposit would be available at 1% above the underlying
interest rate on Fixed Deposit.
Nomination facility is available.
Free transfer of deposit between branches is available.
Automatic renewals on maturity.
An Initial deposit of Rs.10000 is required to open a Fixed Deposit.

4. Demat account provided by ING Vysya bank

The ING Vysya Bank Demat Account offers you a secure and convenient way to keep
track of your shares and investments, how much you've bought and sold over a period of
time, without the hassle of handling physical documents that get mutilated or lost in
transit.

Feature and benefits:

Settlement of securities traded on the exchange as well as off market transactions.

Shorter settlements thereby enhancing liquidity.
Pledging and Hypothecation of Dematerialized Securities.
Electronic credit in public issue.
Receipt of non-cash benefits in electronic form.
No stamp duties on transfer of securities held in demat form.
No concept of Market Lots.
Change of name, address, dividend mandate, registration of power of attorney,
transmission etc. can be effected across companies held in demat form by a single
instruction to the DP.

5. Government securities
The bank also sells government securities on behalf of the government. It remits the
proceedings to the RBI. The interest rate on government bonds is 8% p.a.

6. Advisory services:
Our starting point in the portfolio management process is the analysis of your
requirements and goals. What are your basic investment objectives? What are your
personal preferences with respect to risk taking and yield? What proportion of your
wealth should be invested for the short term versus the long term? The answer to
fundamental questions like these provides the main building blocks for professionally

34
managing your assets. The following decision factors will determine the investment
strategy that suits your needs the best:
Investment objectives: An assessment of your need for income versus potential
appreciation and how this fits with your overall asset and liability position.
Investment time horizon: The longer your time horizon the less concerned
you should be with daily price fluctuations. The greater your willingness to adopt
a long-term strategy, the greater the likelihood of higher portfolio returns.
Risk tolerance: It is crucial to find out what short- and medium-term swings in
value you can tolerate in order to reach your investment goals. The higher the risk
you are able to bear, the higher your return will normally be.
Reference Currency: By reference currency we mean the currency in which
you normally conduct your daily business. This currency will determine how you
measure the success of your strategy and your investment decisions.
The banks relationships managers provide advise to their clients on their investment
portfolio by structuring the exposure in various investment instruments so as to maximize
the return with minimum risk.

1.3.5 Investment Facilities Not Provided By ING Vysya Bank

Online trading facility
Real estate advisory services
Bullion trading

2. Methodology
In depth analysis of all the investment opportunities (instruments) that ING Vysya bank
offers to its HNI clients. Also a sample study has been conducted on 20 HNIs of the bank
to understand their individual risk appetite and investment preferences. A comparison
study of investment instruments offered by ING Vysya bank with that of other
competitive banks has also been conducted.
Based on these an in depth analysis was carried out to suggest/help the banks investment
advisors to cater to the needs of the HNIs in a better way thereby increasing the
customers satisfaction and high HNI acquisition.

3. Problem Statement
ING Vysya Bank, in its pursuit to establish itself as a leading retail bank in Eastern India,
is conscious of the fact that other competitive banks are very aggressive and focused in

35
offering structured portfolio management/ investment advisory services to their HNI
clients
ING Vysya bank, which also offers such investment advisory services to its HNI, through
its subsidiary called ING Vysya Financial Service (IVFSL). The specialized investment
advisors under the payroll of IVFSL are accommodated and placed in all the branches of
ING Vysya bank to cater to the requirements of the banks HNI clients.
However since the conversion rate of HNI into investment advisory services is low. This
project was commissioned with the sole motive of analyzing the products, services and
risk analysis of each investment instrument with the aim to augment the Financial
advisors with in depth analysis of all these factors which will help them in understanding
the needs/requirements of the HNIs to boost the conversion rate. This will not only help
the bank in retention of its HNIs but also lead to an increase in acquisition of HNIs.

4.1 SWOT analysis

4.1.1 Equity shares
Strengths:

Long term growth through capital appreciation

High rate of return
Has aggressive growth
Provides ownership in the company in which investment is made
Share holders are entitled to profit made by the company
Suitable for risk seekers

Weakness:

Very risky
Volatile rate of return
No security of investment
Security transaction tax has to be paid
Suitable for risk seekers
Dividends received on shares depend on profit made by the company. If there is
no profit there is no dividend
Share prices are subject to market

Opportunity:

It gives the shareholder a right to vote in the company

The market may be volatile due to many factors, however returns are generated by
equity shares of earning potential i.e. P/E ratio. Therefore an investor investing in

36

equity in a systematic manner over a long period of time can easily expect double
digit return
Returns generated by equity investment has outperformed all other investment
avenues in the long run

Threats:

Fixed income securities are preferred when markets are down

Rate of return is more stable and there is more security in other investment
avenues

4.1.2 Bank Deposits:

Strengths:

Stability of Fixed income rate with assured rate of interest

Provides with a high level of security
Fixed deposits also give a higher rate of interest than a savings bank account.
Anyone with a minimal appetite of risk can consider investing in fixed deposits

Bank deposits are fairly safe because banks are subject to control of the Reserve
Bank of India (RBI) with regard to several policy and operational parameters
It is possible to get a loans up to75- 90% of the deposit amount from banks
against fixed deposit receipts
The time of maturity and amount to be received on maturity are known in advance
Provides relatively low risk profile; for investors with a low risk appetite, fixed
income instruments should form the mainstay of the portfolio
The pick-a-date feature lets you choose the date on which you would like you
investment to mature

Weakness:
Premature withdrawal is charged with a penalty. As a result the interest promised
is reduced at the time of payment
Does not provide regular income flow

Fixed income instruments tend to be intrinsically illiquid

Consider the rate of inflation before depositing money in fixed deposits because
the inflation might eat up the savings
Tax is deducted at source on the interest earned from fixed deposits

37

You cant add to your investment. If you have more money to deposit then you
need to open a another investment deposit account
The interest rate is fixed for your full period of investment

Opportunities:
Some of the facilities offered by banks on the amount deposited in form of fixed
deposits are overdraft (loan) facility, premature withdrawal before maturity period
(which involves a loss of interest) etc
It can be pledged y business people for obtaining bank guarantee for opening of
LCs.

Threats:
Short-term floating rate funds score over fixed deposits on the liquidity front; they
will especially appeal to investors who wish to wait on the sidelines till better
investment opportunities emerge
NSC/NSS can be preferred over banks fixed deposits which forces the banks
either to keep their fixed deposit rates high to protect their deposit. Tax benefit is
also provided by NSC/NSS. It provides higher level of security
With the booming capital market, equity mutual funds are posing the biggest
challenge to FDs as they offer higher rate of return

4.1.3 Life Insurance Policy:

Strengths:

Provides high level of security- guaranteed by the issuing authority

Not affected by market volatility
Sum assured at maturity is known
Investor can decide the maturity period and the sum of premium to be paid
Tax benefit is availed twice- once when premium is paid and other on maturity
benefits

Weakness:

Fixed rate of return on premiums

Does not provide any liquidity
A lot of paper work has to be done when entering the insurance contract
If a wrong claim is made on the policy, penalty has to be paid

Opportunity:
Only investment avenue which offers life risk cover

38
It sustains the economic loss suffered by the family in the uneventful death of an
income earning person of the family
Unit linked insurance plans also offer market linked returns
Helps in developing investment habit among customers

Threats:
Unit linked insurance plan are market linked and therefore prone to market
volatility
One may not be able to maintain the risk cover commensurate with his/her human
life value

4.1.4 Land
Strengths:
The Law of Diminishing Returns never apply here
There is a high rate of return
Relatively low risk investment

Weakness:
Not a very liquid investment
There are many government regulations involved with in investment into land
There are possibilities of litigations

Opportunities:
High rate of industrialization and urbanization
It has multiple usage- residential, agricultural and commercial
It can be provided as a collateral security

Threats:
Government take-over
Private builders
Natural calamity

4.1.5 Mutual funds

Strengths:
No taxes are charged on dividends received in the hands of the investors as well
as the mutual fund house
There is a stable average rate of return

39

Functions of the mutual fund are regulated by SEBI, thus are well governed
High liquidity is there as invested money can be withdrawn at any point of time
Long term capital gains are also tax free
It is an easy way of investment as paper work is minimum
No charges for early withdrawal
Allows small investors to invest in capital market, with professional management
Short term capital losses can be set off against short term capital gains

Weakness:

Cannot be provided as a collateral security

Long term capital losses cannot be set off against capital gains
Suitable for no risk tolerance investors
Maturity amount not known as rate of return fluctuates
Payment of entry and exit load and high maintenance charges

Opportunities:
Investors can write cheques out of their money market mutual fund account
Suitable for investors and corporate to park their surplus funds for a short period
of time
Allows investors with small amount of money to invest in a number of schemes

Threats:
Fixed deposits are safer and more stable- regulated by RBI
Investors looking for higher return will prefer investing in Equity market
Investors ready to make long term investments will look at land, government
security as other options as they are safer and can be provided as a collateral
security

4.1.6 Gold
Strengths
It is world wide accepted
Has multiple usage
Does not involve a tedious investment process

Weakness
Offers low rate of return

Opportunity
Can be provided as a collateral security

40

Threats
Land, which provides a higher rate or return as of today
Quality of gold provided can be below the standard
Bank and financial institutions hesitate in investing in gold because cost of

4.1.7 Preference Shares

Strengths:
Dividend to be received is assured
Safer means of investment than equity shares
If company is liquidated payments to preference share-holders will be ranked
ahead of equity share holders

Weakness:
Usually issued by companies to institutes, so is not easily available to retail
investors
They dont provide liquidity
Does not hold the right to vote in the issuing company
Relatively less attractive in rising interest rate environment

Opportunities:
They have an option to be converted into equity shares
They can be redeemed by the issuing company
If dividend is not paid for one year there is an option of carrying forward the
dividend to the next year.

Threats:
Equity shares, which offer higher rate of return and provide more ownership
rights in a company

4.1.8 IPOs
Strength
Suitable for risk-seekers
Suitable for short-term investors

Weakness
Very risky and speculative investment
No stable rate of return

41

Opportunity
IPO allows the investor to gain maximum with the growth of the company

Threats
Volatile market conditions at the moment of IPO issues cause high concerns
among the investors

4.1.9 Government securities

Strengths:
Highly secured- backed by the RBI
Rate of return does not fluctuate
Cash flow at maturity are known

Weakness:

Low rate of return

Not a liquid investment avenue
Only suitable when markets are not doing well
Investment on G- securities is a tedious transaction process
There is no TDS, but interest income up to only Rs 3000 is exempt from tax
Suitable for risk averse investors
No early withdrawal is allowed

Opportunity:
Can be provided as a collateral security
Loan can be taken against investment in government security

Threats:
Fixed deposits, which are more liquid than government securities
RBI relief bonds, which offer higher interest rates

4.1.10 Corporate Bonds

Strengths:
Provides security cover under rating agencies
Not very volatile
Simple Administration

Weakness:
Does not provide any liquidity
Does not provide any tax benefit

42

Opportunity:
It is a contract between the issuing company and the clients

Threats:

Government Securities which offer more security.

43

Tabular Representation of various investment instruments (including SWOT analysis)

Parameter

Equity

Pref. Share

MF

LIC

Govt Sec

5-20%

5-20%

10-25%

4-5%

5%

Long Term 10
years
Secured
by
Bank
regulated by
RBI
Highly liquid

> 1-20 years

> 1-20 years

1-5 years

Above 10 years

No security

No security

No security

By
issuing
organization

Liquid

Liquid

No liquidity

Price volatility
Tax Benefit

NIL
Tax deducted
at source

Maximum
Long
term
capital gains
benefit

Maximum
Long
term
capital gains
benefit

Provides
liquidity
Maximum
Long
term
capital gains
benefit

Risk profile of
an investor
Cash Flow

Risk averse

Risk seekers

Risk seekers

Risk seekers

Assured cash
flow
Some amount
of
paper
work
Pick- a-date
feature
Highly
accepted

No assurity

No assurity

No cash flow

Very less

Very less

Right to vote
in the CO
Only available
on
loans
against shares
Professionally
Managed

Right to vote
in the CO
Only available
on
loans
against shares
Professionally
Managed

ROR
Tenure
Security

Liquidity

Administration
Additional
features
Collateral
Professional
Management

Bank
Deposit
Between
9%

4-

Professionally
Managed

Corporate
Bonds
5-6%

Gold

Land

IPO

No
fixed
return

No fixed Rate

Lock in period
of 6 years
Secured
by
government

3-5 years

Above
years
Highly
secured

5 and above
Secured

Depends on
Demand
&
Supply
6 mths 3
years
No security

Provides no
liquidity
NIL
Interest income
received will be
taxable

No liquidity

Not liquid

Liquid

NIL
Non

Highly
liquid
Moderate
Non

Moderate
Only
on
agricultural
land

High
Nil

Risk averse

Moderate risk

Risk averse

Risk averse

Risk averse

Maturity
amount known
Cumbersome
paper work

Non

Non

Non

NIL

Paper work is
there

Money
back
policy
Cumbersome
paper work

Simple

Non

Cumbersome
paper work

A lot paper
work

Non

Life cover

Non

Non

Multiple usage

Non

Not accepted

Accepted

Accepted

Non

Multiple
usage
Accepted

Mainly
provided

No

Professionally
Managed

Professionally
Managed

Managed
by
Government

Professionally
Managed

Not
managed

Not managed

Professionally
Managed

NIL
Benefit
on
premium amount
and
maturity
amount
Low risk seekers

Covered under
rating agencies

44

Analysis of Each Investment Avenue

In the investing world, the dictionary definition of risk is the chance that an investments
actual return will be different than expected. Technically, this is measured in statistics by
standard deviation. Risk means you have the possibility of losing some, or even all, of
our original investment.
Given below is the table, which states the kind of risk, return, tenure and other benefits of
different investment avenues. This helps us further suggest the kind of investment an
investor can make based on the personal profile
Type of investments
Equity
Gold
Preference Shares
Corporate Bonds
Mutual Funds
Government Securities
Land
Bank Deposits
IPOs
Insurance Policy

Risk
High
Low
High
Low
High
Low
Low
Low
High
Low

Returns
High
Moderate
High
Low
High
Low
High
Moderate
High
Low

Tenure
Long
Long
Long
Moderate
Short
Long
Long
Moderate
Short
Long

Other benefits
Low
High
Low
Low
Low
High
High
High
Low
High

Risk Return Trade Off Between different Investment Avenues:

The relation between risk and return that usually holds, in which one must be willing to
accept greater risk if one wants to pursue greater returns also called risk/ reward trade-off.
A common misconception is that higher risk equals greater return. The risk/ return
tradeoff tells us that the higher risk gives us the possibility of higher returns. There are no
guarantees. Just as risk means higher potential returns, it also means higher potential
losses. Low levels of uncertainty (low risk) are associated with low potential returns.
High levels of uncertainty (high risk) are associated with high potential returns.

The highest return investment is Equity

The highest risk investment is Equity
The lowest risk investment is Government Security
The lowest return investment is Government Security

On the lowest end of the spectrum is government spectrum which offers no or minimum
risk. It offers investment at the minimum risk rate of return. On the highest end of the
spectrum is equity, which offers maximum return with maximum rate of return.
Government securities set the rate for minimum rate of return and equity sets the rate for
highest risk. All other investment opportunities lie in the middle. They are the extreme
poles of the spectrum.
Risk as earlier discussed can be minimized through investing in various avenues. When
an investor invests he set his limits either for risk of return. He tries to achieve highest
possible return for a given level of risk or tries to get minimum possible risk for highest
level of return

45
Analysis of Investment Habits of ING Vysyas High Net Worth Clients:
A questionnaire containing questions on the investment habits was prepared. This
questionnaire was taken to and filled by 10 HNI customers of the ING Vysya Bank.
The findings through the questionnaire are to be used while structuring the financial plan
(investment portfolio) of a HNI. The most important aspect in the personal discussion
that the Relationship Manager with the HNI is to understand his/her risk appetite,
investment horizon and the source of income.
We will analyze the factors, which a HNI keeps in his/her mind while undertaking an
investment and the kind of investment advisory services required by them. These can be
found out based on the various questions asked to them in the questionnaire. Then on the
basis of the analysis relevant suggestion to the Relationship Managers will be made to
improve his/ her investment advisory services.
Findings from the same of 10 HNI clients are:
1. Risk appetite of HNIs:
a. 50% of the sample doesnt invest in FDs: This shows that HNIs are more
concerned about the returns rather than the safety aspect of the investment.
b. 25% of the respondents are invested in a mixed portfolio, thereby signifying the
importance of spreading the risk while looking for better returns.
c. 15% of the respondents are interested in investment in real estate, which signifies
high degree of security with returns.
2. Investment period of HNIs:
a. More than 50% of the respondents are in short term investment horizon.
b. Only 15% of the respondents are actually interested in long-term investments.
3.HNIs Investment Habits
a. 54% of the investments in the stock market are done directly
b. The rest 46 % of the respondents invest through the mutual funds
c. 77% of the respondents make equity type investments signifying high degree of
risk with high degree of return.
d. The balance 23% prefers having a balanced investment.
4. HNIs perception of the Stock Market:
a. 53% of the respondents view the stock market as not a safe avenue of investment.
b. 16% dont have any views about the stock market. These respondents remain the
untapped segment of the HNIs.

46
5. IPOs as Investment Avenue:
a. 65% of the respondents invest in IPOs
b. About 66% of the ones who invest, invests on their personal views.
c. Around 33% make investments based on professional advice. This goes to show
that a small segment of the HNIs relying on professional advice for IPO
investments.
6. Profile of HNIs investment advisory services:
a. 60% of the respondents are not making investments based on advisory services
offered by the bank.
b. More than 50% of the above mentioned respondents are prospect clients of the
bank and are waiting to be given the right kind of advisory services.
7. Profle of HNIs Insurance Services
a. 40% of the respondents are prospects customers for taking insurance advice
through the bank.
b. Around 55% of the respondents are taking insurance advices from the bank
signifying that the bank offers good quality investment advice.
Based on the above facts: It is recommended to the IVFSL RMs to structure the
Investment Portfolio of the HNIs with the following compositions:
1. Not to have a high percentage of FDs
2. The RMs should include investment instruments which are of shorter duration
with high growth potential
3. Since more than half of the sample invests directly into the stock market they
should be highlighted the importance and the benefits of MFs since direct equity
is very tricky and high risky.
4. RMs should include small percentage of investment instruments in HNIs which
are of long-term opportunity to trade-off between risk and return.
5. Also the study reveals that constant follow-up by the banks RMs to the HNIs
will result in roping in more no of HNIs to the advisory service, as 30% of the
respondents have indicated the same.
6. If the Banks RMs expose the benefits of professional managed investment
services another 45% of the banks HNI can avail such facilities from the bank
7. 55% of the respondents dont use IPO as a investment avenue, since they are
HNIs with large chunks of money the RMs have got huge opportunity to explain
them the benefits associated with IPOs and try to add it to the customers
investment portfolio
8. 16% of the respondents are not aware of the movements in the stock market, this
leaves a whole lot of opportunities for the RM to tap this segment of the HNIs

47
The classification of HNIs can be divided as follows

Only land: Long Term Low Risk High Return

No Gold: Short Term High Risk High Return
No FDs Short Term High Risk High Return
Mix : Short Term Moderate Risk High Return

The above classification of investor profile has been formed based on their investment
pattern.
From the sample population we can also divide the HNI;s into four categories based
on their horizon of investment:

Less than 1 year Speculative Investors

1 to 3 years: Short Term Investors
1 to 5 years : Medium Term Investors
1 to 10 years : Long Term Investors

Threats Posed to Professional Investment Advisors

Driven by the expectation of better returns and mitigating risks, HNIs are
becoming more aware of wealth management opportunities and strategies abroad.
In fact, 65 percent of HNI relationship managers surveyed said their clients are
increasingly aware of how wealth is managed internationally.
Investors do not want reams of paper work, but do want easily accessible and
customized information that allows them to immediately check on their
investments. They want access to a new family balance sheet that shows them
all their assets and liabilities across all asset classes in a simple, easy-to-view
format. Though this is a relatively straightforward request, it is not being met
everywhere today.
No matter how complex the investment options may become, the client-facing
solution must remain simple, transparent and understandable to best-serve clients
and advisors, this will require investments in technology to enable an efficient
global organizational operating structure and, most importantly, ensure the
advisor, the institutions face to the client, has the tools to support the client
without increasing the administrative burden.

Executive Summary
The project report covers portfolio management of a HNI. These individuals have surplus
money, which can be invested into various investment avenues. For example land, stock
market, bank deposits, government securities etc., Each Investment avenue open to HNIs
has been evaluated on the basis of risk and return. No individual wants his/her savings to
lie ideal and be eaten by inflation.

48

These individuals are constantly looking for opportunities to invest their surplus money
and get good returns. Professional investor advisors provide this service. They personally
look into the risk appetite of the investor and design the best suited portfolio from
him./her. For this purpose a case study was conducted on the ING Vysyas 10 HNIs to
find out how they perceive different investment avenues. The bank faces low conversion
rate of investment advisory services. Therefore after the study and analysis
recommendations have been made to the RMs on how to improve the service.
This has been done in the following sequence. First the HNIs and their investment
avenues were analyzed. Then the risk and return of each investment avenue was
conducted. After which a sample of 10 HNI customers were visited. Analysis of these
HNIs showed some patterns in which these customers invest and how they perceive each
investment instrument. On the basis of such data recommendations were made to the
relationship managers.

Conclusion
The project report analyzes the portfolio of INGs HNI customers. A sample study of 10
HNIs was conducted and on the basis of which the recommendations were made. The
risk and return of each investment instrument available to a HNI on the whole and
through the ING Vysya Bank was conducted. The products and services of the bank
are compared to other banks also
It has been noticed that HNIs provide a huge opportunity to the RMs of the bank for
giving professional investment advice. Now a days the customers are well aware of the
surrounding market and dont really take any type of advice. They are looking for
investment advice, which are supported by strong conviction. The market of professional
advisors are growing at such a huge rate that if the client is not happy with the services of
the RM he/she can easily look for a better advisors. Therefore the RMs along with
personal advice have to also provide quality advice.
An enthusiastic relationship manager should show computation of the risk of HNIs by
using statistical computations like Standard Deviation, which shows how much on an
average, the return has moved away from an average number. Basic tents one should
understand before taking a risk argument to a client. Risk, popularly measured by
Standard Deviation, tells us about the range of return that can probably occur. Its
interpretation is appropriate for an asset class. For example if we say that equity is more
risky than PPF, we will substantiate that by saying that the probability that the investor
will get a return different than 8 % is low in a PPF. However, in equity while he may look
at a 20% coverage. It can swing between 4% and 46%, indicating the presence of risk.
The risk to the investor is always distilled in terms of his goals, investments and the target
rate that his investments must achieve to meet the goal. Therefore, the investor will not
care for standard deviation in itself, but about the risk that his investment will fall short.
If one is planning for the childs education or retirement, such shortfalls are too tough to

49
make good, on a later date. So, to the investor, risk is only about down side deviation
from a target rate. How does one put the two together? The choice of asset classes and
percentage allocation will have to be driven by standard deviation and its understanding.
But the subsequent monitoring and review of the portfolio will have to be in terms of the
investors goals, and the possibility that such allocation will fall short. Movement from
one stock to another is unlikely to alter the risk profile of the portfolio in any significant
manner. But adjusting the proportion that is invested in equity is likely to impact both the
risk and return of the portfolio. Relationship managers need to train their eyes to watch if
the investors goals are best served by the current allocation, or should a change be made,
given downside risks. Learning investment concepts is all fine, but to apply them to an
investors situation, one has to view the portfolio from the investors angle rather.
My project does not go into the details of calculating the risk and returns of each
investment avenue, as it would have been very technical and cumbersome. The sample
study of 10 does not really show the true findings, as there could be other clients with
different opinions about the investment instruments than the ones stated.

Questionnaire

50

Personal Details
Name
Age
Profession
Spouse Occupation
No. of Children (Daughter ____, Son ____)
Childrens Age
Life Style
Single/ Joint Family,
Do you live in your own house or rented house?
Do you own a car, if yes how many and which one ?
Do you plan to send your children abroad for higher studies, if yes then how do
you wish to finance it
Do you travel abroad, if yes how frequently?
Which income slab do you fall in?
a) 7 10 lakhs ________________
b) 10 -20 lakhs _________________
c) 20 lakhs and above ______________
Banking Details
According to you which is safest investment
Where do you invest your savings?
Stock Market/ Land & Property/ Gold & Silver/ Fixed Deposits
Do you follow stock market?
Do you think stock market is a safe way of investment
If so you will invest directly or through intermediary
Time Horizon before investing
a) < 1yr b) 1 3 years c) 1 5 years d) 1 10 years
Do you invest in debt, equity or a balance scheme/ portfolio
Do you subscribe to an IPO Subscription through a) of your own views b) on
friends or relatives recommendations c) on professional advise
Any adverse impact on you savings when the stock market fell down
Investment Preferences:
Are you satisfied with our financial advisors investment advice
How often do you get an update on the new insurance schemes that our bank
offers
Have you insured the life of your family members, your business or property
Are you ready to undertake new ways of investment and the risk associated with
it?
How do you avail of tax benefits? While investing, does tax benefit features
influence your decision of investment

51

Bibilography
1. Portfolio Management by Prasanna Chandra & SMU-DE text book
2. www.ingvysyabank.com
3. www.iloveindia.com/finance/bank/private -banks
4. Mutual Funds by Akhilesh
5. Insurance training booklet ING Vysya Life Insurance
6. www.ingvysyalife.com
7. Banks internal Books
8. www.investopedia.com
9. Business Magazines
10. Bank Journal