API 570, Piping Inspection Code (June 2006) .: (DAY 2 - Sections 1 To 6)

API 570, Piping Inspection Code (June 2006).
(DAY 2 - Sections 1 to 6)
SECTION 1SCOPE
1. API 570 covers inspection, repair, alteration, and re-rating procedures for metallic
piping systems that have been in-service.
2. API 570 was developed for the petroleum refining and chemical process industries
but may be used, where practical, for any piping system.
3. API 570 shall not be used as a substitute for the original construction code before it is
placed in-service;
4. Excluded/optional from API 570 are Piping systems on movable structures, internal
piping of the equipments, and piping associated with machinery.
5. This inspection code permits and recognizes fitness-for-service analysis as per API
RP 579
SECTION 2REFERENCES
Some of the important other standards referenced in API 570 are:
API Publ. 2201 Procedures for Welding or Hot Tapping on
API RP 574 Inspection of Piping System Components
API RP 578 Material Verification Program for New and Existing Piping Systems
API RP 579 Fitness-for-service
API RP 580 Risk Based Inspection
SECTION 3DEFINITIONS
1. alteration: A physical change in any component that affects the piping system beyond
the scope of its original design
2. deadlegs: Components of a piping system that normally have no significant flow
3. examiner: A person who assists the inspector by performing specific (NDE) on piping
but but does not evaluate the results of those examinations in accordance with API
570, unless specifically trained and authorized to do so by the owner or user
4. piping circuit: A section of piping that has all points exposed to similar corrosivity and
that is of similar design conditions
5. piping system: An assembly of interconnected piping that has the same set of
design conditions
6. repair: The work necessary to restore a piping system to a condition suitable for safe
operation at the design conditions.Any welding, cutting, or grinding operation not
specifically considered an alteration is considered a repair.
7. rerating: A change in either or both the design temperature or the maximum allowable
working pressure of a piping system
8. soil-to-air (S/A) interface: The zone generally is considered to be from 12 inches
(305mm) below to 6 inches (150 mm) above the soil surface
9. thickness measurement locations (TMLs): Designated areas on piping systems
where periodic inspections and thickness measurements are conducted.
10. test point: An area defined by a circle having a diameter up to 2 inches (50 mm) for
a line diameter up to 10 inches (250 mm), or not greater than 3 inches (75 mm) for
larger lines
SECTION 4OWNER/USER INSPECTION ORGANIZATION

1. An owner/user of piping systems shall bear ultimate responsibility for all activities
under API 570.
2.
The piping engineer is responsible to the owner/user for activities involving

design, analysis, or evaluation of piping systems
3. Authorized Piping Inspector shall be responsible to the owner/user for

determining that the requirements of API 570 are met, and shall be directly involved
in the inspection activities. All examination results must be evaluated and accepted by
the authorized piping inspector.
4. The repair organization shall be responsible to the owner/user and shall
provide the proper materials, equipment, workmanship for his work as per the code
requirements.
SECTION 5INSPECTION AND TESTING PRACTICES
1.
Combining the assessment of likelihood of failure and the consequence of

failure are essential elements of risk-based inspection (RBI). RBI assessments
should be conducted and documented in accordance with API RP 580,
2.
Before starting the inspection, inspectors should familiarize themselves with prior
inspection reports of the piping .
3. For injection point circuit the upstream limit is a minimum of 12 inches (300
mm) or three pipe diameters whichever is greater.
4.
The recommended downstream limit of the injection point circuit is the second
change in flow direction or 25 feet (7.6 m) beyond the first change in flow direction,
whichever is less
5.
Within this injection point circuit, during periodic scheduled inspections, more
extensive inspection should be applied to an area beginning 12 inches (300 mm)
upstream of the injection nozzle and continuing for at least ten pipe diameters
downstream of the injection point
6. The corrosion rate in deadlegs can vary significantly from adjacent active piping.
Consider removing the deadlegs that serve no further process purpose.
7.
Fatigue cracking of piping systems is caused due to surface notch and cyclic
stresses
8.
Creep is
slow plastic stretching of component and is dependent on time,
temperature, and stress. Creep may become fast after certain period and result in
failure
9.
Freeze Damage: At subfreezing temperatures, water and aqueous solutions in

piping systems may freeze and cause failure because of the expansion of the fluid.
10.
Thickness Measurement Inspection: A thickness measurement inspection is

performed to determine remaining thickness of the piping components.
11. Thickness measurements may be obtained when the piping system is in or out of
operation and shall be performed by the inspector or examiner
12. External Visual Inspection: An external visual inspection is performed to determine
the condition of the outside of the piping, insulation system, painting ; and to check
for signs of misalignment, vibration, and leakage.
13. The periodic external inspection should normally be conducted by the inspector, but
Qualified operating or maintenance personnel also may conduct external
inspections, when acceptable to the inspector
14.
Ultrasonic thickness is the most common method for obtaining thickness

measurements on pipe larger than NPS 1.
15. Radiographic profile techniques are preferred for pipe diameters of NPS 1 and
smaller.
16. Radiographic profile techniques may also be used for locating thinned out piping
areas particularly in insulated systems.
17. When ultrasonic measurements are taken above 150F (65C), measurements should
be adjusted by the appropriate temperature correction factor.
18. Fasteners should extend completely through their nuts. Any fastener failing to do so is
considered acceptably engaged if the lack of complete engagement is not more than
one thread
SECTION 6FREQUENCY AND EXTENT OF INSPECTION

1. The piping classification is based on the consequence of a failure. The classification
is used to establish frequency and extent of inspection

API 570, Piping Inspection Code (June 2006) .: (DAY 2 - Sections 1 To 6)

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API 570, Piping Inspection Code (June 2006) .: (DAY 2 - Sections 1 To 6)

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What are the different types of inspections mentioned in the document?

What factors affect the corrosion rate in piping?

API 570, Piping Inspection Code (June 2006).

SECTION 4OWNER/USER INSPECTION ORGANIZATION

The piping engineer is responsible to the owner/user for activities involving

3. Authorized Piping Inspector shall be responsible to the owner/user for

Combining the assessment of likelihood of failure and the consequence of

slow plastic stretching of component and is dependent on time,

Freeze Damage: At subfreezing temperatures, water and aqueous solutions in

Thickness Measurement Inspection: A thickness measurement inspection is

Ultrasonic thickness is the most common method for obtaining thickness

SECTION 6FREQUENCY AND EXTENT OF INSPECTION

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