Energy-Efficient Transmission of DWT Image Over OFDM Fading Channel

Energy-Efficient Transmission of DWT Image over OFDM fading Channel
Abstract
In many applications retransmission of lost packets are not permitted. In an OFDM system, due
to channel fading, only a subset of carriers are usable for successful data transmission. If the
channel state information is available at the transmitter, it is possible to take a proactive decision
of mapping the descriptions optimally onto the good subcarriers and discard at the transmitter
itself the remaining descriptions, which would have been otherwise dropped at the receiver due
to unacceptably high channel errors. In this paper we present a energy saving approach to
transmission of discrete wavelet transformation based compressed image frames over the OFDM
channels. Based on one-bit channel state information at the transmitter, the descriptions in order
of descending priority are assigned to the currently good channels. In order to reduce the system
power consumption, the mapped descriptions onto the bad subchannels are dropped at the
transmitter. Via analysis, supported by MATLAB simulations, we demonstrate the usefulness of
our proposed scheme in terms of system energy saving without compromising the received
quality in terms of peak signal-noise ratio.
Index TermsDWT-OFDM system, fading broadcast channel, channel state feedback, energy
saving
1. Introduction
It is always desired to increase the data rate over wireless channels. But high rate data
communication is significantly limited by Inter Symbol Interference (ISI) and frequency
selective fading nature of the channel. Rayleigh fading channel is an example of frequency
selective and time varying channel. Multi-carrier modulation is used for such channels to
mitigate the effect of ISI. OFDM is a multi-carrier modulation scheme having excellent
performance which allows overlapping in frequency domain. In OFDM, individual subchannels
are affected by flat fading, so for a period of time, condition of the subchannels may be good, or
they might be deeply faded. The packets which are transmitted through these faded subchannels
are highly prone to be lost at the receiver due to non-acceptable errors. OFDM system provides
an opportunity to exploit the diversity in frequency domain by providing a number of
subcarriers, which can work as multiple channels for applications having multiple bit streams.
2. Objective
To conclude, we present a case of DWT compressed image transmission over OFDM channels
where binary channel state information is available at the transmitter, but retransmission is not
allowed. We propose a energy saving approach, where the compressed coefficients are arranged
in descending order of priority and mapped over the channels starting with the good ones.
3. Problem definition:
In this technique, layers should reach in a predefined order for processing the data and
reconstructing the image at the receiver. Lost layers are retransmitted to complete the processing
at the receiver. This process introduces unpredictable latency, thereby restricting the performance
of the system. Layered coding produces data of unequal importance and hence one has to put a
higher protection for more important data.
4. Proposed scheme
As described in Fig. 1, bit streams are packetized by chopping them into bit vectors of size N
bits. Four such vectors are contained in a packet. Training bits are added at the front of each bit
vector to estimate the SNR of the subchannels at the receiver [7]. We illustrate the system by
taking an example of OFDM system with IFFT size 128. For this system 32 packets are arranged
in parallel to get 128 bit streams (see Fig. 1). Each bit vector in a packet is mary modulated, and
32 packets are simultaneously transmitted through different subchannels set. Here we use the
feedback to decide the subchannel condition (good or bad), and accordingly re-arrange the
data vectors to map them to the IFFT module. We propose a mapping scheme, which is proved to
be efficient in terms of quality reception as well as energy savings. Packets are sent through
frequency selective, slowly varying fading channel. The reverse process is done at the receiver
with suitable treatments due to the discarded or lost data vectors.
5. Software and hardware requirements
Operating system
Windows XP/7.
Coding Language
MATLAB
Tool
MATLAB R 2012
System requirements:
Hardware requirements:
System
Pentium IV 2.4 GHz.
Hard Disk
40 GB.
Floppy Drive
1.44 Mb.
Monitor
15 VGA Colour.
Mouse
Logitech.
Ram
512 Mb.
6. Conclusion
The coefficients with lower importance level, which are likely mapped over the bad channels are
discarded at the transmitter to save power without significant loss of reception quality. Our
analytic observations on reception quality and energy saving performance are validated by
extensive MATLAB simulations. As a future work, we plan to extend the current study with CSI
adaptive channel rate as well as power control to find a more generalized trade-off between
transmission rate and energy saving in image as well as video transmission applications.
References
[1] C. Christopoulos, A. Skodras, and T. Ebrahimi, The JPEG2000 still image coding system:
An overview, IE E E Trans . Cons umer E lectron., vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 1103127, Nov. 2000.
[2] V. K. Goyal, Multiple description coding: Compression meets the network, IE E E Sig. P
roc. Mag., vol. 18, no. 5, pp. 7493, Sept. 2001.
[3] Yen-Chi Lee, Joohee Kim, Yucel Altunbasak, and Russel M. Mersereau, Layered coded
versus multiple description coded video over error-prone networks, in Signal Processing Image
Communication, 2003, vol. 18, pp. 337356.

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5. Software and hardware requirements

Pentium IV 2.4 GHz.

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