CNC Programiranje

MELDAS is a registered trademark of Mitsubishi Electric Corporation.
Other company and product names that appear in this manual are trademarks or
registered trademarks of the respective companies.
Introduction
This instruction manual mainly targets milling machines and machining centers. It is to
be used as a guide when using CNC MELDAS 600M Series fixed-format
high-performance contour control software.
This instruction manual describes the programming for all the models stated above, so
read this instruction manual thoroughly before using.
This manual has been written assuming that all functions have been provided in all of
the models stated above. However, not all options are provided with every CNC, so
always confirm functions, operations, etc., described in this manual with the
specifications issued by the machine manufacturer.
Thoroughly read the "Safety Precautions" given on the next page to ensure safe use of
this numerical control unit.
Details described in this manual

(1) This manual gives general explanations from the standpoint of the NC side.
For explanations concerning individual machine tools, refer to the instruction manual
issued by the machine manufacturer.
For items described as "Restrictions, "Usable State", etc., the instruction manual
issued by the machine manufacturer takes precedence over this manual.
(2) While every effort has been made to describe special handling in this manual, items
not described in this manual should be interrupted as "Not Possible".
(3) Refer to the following manual for details on the screen operations.
MELDAS M600M Series Instruction Manual ..... BNP-B2237
CAUTION
For items described as "Restrictions" or "Usable State" in this manual, the instruction
manual issued by the machine manufacturer takes precedence over this manual.
Matters not described in this instruction manual should be interpreted as "not possible".
This manual is written on the assumption that all option functions are added. Refer to
the specifications issued by the machine manufacturer before starting use.
Refer to the instruction manual issued by each machine manufacturer for details on
each machine tool.
Some screens and functions may differ or may not be usable depending on the NC
system version.
Precautions for Safety

Always read the specifications issued by the machine manufacturer, this manual, related
manuals and attached documents before installation, operation, programming, maintenance or
inspection to ensure correct use.
Understand this numerical control unit, safety items and cautions before using the unit.
This manual ranks the safety precautions into "DANGER", "WARNING" and "CAUTION".
DANGER
When the user may be subject to imminent fatalities or major injuries if

handling is mistaken.
WARNING
When the user may be subject to fatalities or major injuries if handling is

mistaken.
CAUTION
When the user may be subject to injuries or when physical damage may
occur if handling is mistaken.
Note that even items ranked as "

CAUTION", may lead to major results depending on the
situation. In any case, important information that must always be observed is described.
DANGER
Not applicable in this manual.
WARNING
Not applicable in this manual.
CAUTION
1. Items related to product and manual
For items described as "Restrictions" or "Usable State" in this manual, the instruction
manual issued by the machine manufacturer takes precedence over this manual.
Matters not described in this instruction manual should be interpreted as "not possible".
This manual is written on the assumption that all option functions are added. Refer to the
specifications issued by the machine manufacturer before starting use.
Refer to the instruction manual issued by each machine manufacturer for details on
each machine tool.
Some screens and functions may differ or may not be usable depending on the NC
system version.
2. Items related to programming
Because of key chattering etc., during editing, the commands with no value after G
become a "G00" operation during running.
";", "EOB" and "%" "EOR" are expressions used for the explanation. The actual codes
are "line feed" and "%" for ISO, and "EOB" (End of Block) and "EOR" (End of Record)
for EIA.
Do not change fixed cycle programs without the prior approval of the machine
manufacturer.
CONTENTS
1. OUTLINE OF NC PROGRAM................................................................................................1
1.1 Program Format ...........................................................................................................1
1.2 Word and Address........................................................................................................1
1.3 Block.............................................................................................................................1
1.4 End of Block .................................................................................................................3
1.5 Modal and Unmodal Commands..................................................................................3
2. BASIC CONCEPT FOR PROGRAMMING ............................................................................4
2.1 Control Axis and Axis Name.........................................................................................4
2.2 Minimum Program Unit and Minimum Movement Amount ...........................................4
2.3 Incremental Value Command and Absolute Value Command .....................................7
2.4 Reference Point (machine zero point position) and Zero Point Return ........................7
3. OUTLINE OF PROGRAMMING.............................................................................................8
3.1 Program to Specify the Movement of Tools along the Machining Workpiece
Shape ..........................................................................................................................8
3.2 Program to Command the Feed of a Tool at the Designated Rate to Cut a
Workpiece....................................................................................................................9
3.3 Program to Command Various Machine Operations such as Spindle Rotation
and Stop and Coolant ON/OFF ...................................................................................9
3.4 Program to Command the Spindle Rotation Speed ...................................................10
3.5 Program to Select an Appropriate Tool for Workpiece Machining .............................10
3.6 Configuration of Program ...........................................................................................11
3.7 Other Programming Notes .........................................................................................12
3.8 Coordinate Systems and Coordinate Zero Point Symbols .........................................12
3.9 Optional Block Skip (Block delete) .............................................................................13
4. POSITION COMMAND ........................................................................................................14
4.1 Absolute/Incremental Command; G90/G91 ...............................................................14
4.2 Inch/Metric Changeover; G20/G21.............................................................................15
4.3 Decimal Point Input I, II ..............................................................................................16
4.4 Command Value and Setting Value Range................................................................20
5. PREPARATORY FUNCTIONS ............................................................................................22
5.1 List of G Commands...................................................................................................22
6. POSITIONING AND INTERPOLATION FUNCTIONS.........................................................24
6.1 Positioning; G00 .........................................................................................................24
6.2 Unidirectional Positioning; G60 ..................................................................................25
6.3 Linear Interpolation; G01............................................................................................27
6.4 Circular Interpolation (designating center/radius); G02/G03 ......................................28
6.5 Hypothetical Axis Interpolation; G07 ..........................................................................31
6.6 Cylindrical Interpolation; G07.1 ..................................................................................32
6.7 Helical Interpolation; G02/G03 ...................................................................................35
6.8 Spiral Interpolation; G02.1/G03.1...............................................................................37
6.9 NURBS Interpolation; G06.2 ......................................................................................39
6.10 Thread cutting; G33..................................................................................................42
7. FEED FUNCTIONS..............................................................................................................46
7.1 Rapid Traverse Rate ..................................................................................................46
7.2 Cutting Feedrate.........................................................................................................47
7.3 Feed per Minute; G94 ................................................................................................49
7.4 Feed per Rotation; G95..............................................................................................50
7.5 Inverse Time Feed; G93.............................................................................................51
i
7.6
7.7
7.8
7.9
Synchronized Tapping; ,R/,H .....................................................................................53

Dwell (Time designation); (G94) G04.........................................................................62
Dwell (Rotation designation); (G95) G04 ...................................................................63
F1-digit Feed ..............................................................................................................64
8. SPINDLE FUNCTIONS ........................................................................................................67

8.1 Spindle Control Function ............................................................................................67
8.2 S Code Output............................................................................................................68
8.3 Spindle Position Control (Spindle C axis control).......................................................69
9. TOOL FUNCTIONS .............................................................................................................70
9.1 T Commands..............................................................................................................70
10. MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTIONS ......................................................................................72
10.1 Miscellaneous Functions ..........................................................................................72
10.2 M Individual Output ..................................................................................................73
10.3 2nd Miscellaneous Functions ...................................................................................74
11. TOOL COMPENSATION ...................................................................................................75
11.1 Tool Length Offset; G43/G44/G49 ...........................................................................75
11.2 Tool Radius Compensation; G40/G41/G42/G38/G39 ..............................................81
11.2.1 Outline .............................................................................................................81
11.2.2 Command format.............................................................................................82
11.2.3 Tool radius compensation operations .............................................................83
11.2.4 Other commands and operations for tool radius compensation......................92
11.2.5 G41/G42 commands and I, J, K designation.................................................101
11.2.6 Interrupts during tool radius compensation ...................................................106
11.2.7 General cautions for tool radius compensation .............................................108
11.2.8 Changing the compensation number in the compensation mode .................109
11.2.9 Tool radius compensation start and Z-axis cutting........................................111
11.2.10 Interference check.......................................................................................112
11.2.11 Compensation amount diameter designation..............................................118
11.3 Three-dimensional Tool Radius Compensation; G40/G41/G42.............................119
11.4 Shape Compensation Amount, Wear Compensation Amount ...............................129
11.4.1 Outline ...........................................................................................................129
11.4.2 Detailed description of shape compensation amount....................................129
11.4.3 Detailed description of wear compensation amount......................................130
11.5 Number of Compensation Sets ..............................................................................131
11.6 Tool Position Offset; G45/G46/G47/G48................................................................132
12. COORDINATE SYSTEM SETTING FUNCTIONS ...........................................................134
12.1 Automatic Coordinate System Setting....................................................................134
12.2 Machine Coordinate System ..................................................................................135
12.3 Workpiece Coordinate System; G54 to G59 ..........................................................136
12.4 Local Coordinate System; G52 ..............................................................................139
12.5 External Workpiece Coordinate Offset ...................................................................141
12.6 Coordinate System Setting; G92............................................................................142
12.7 Rotation Axis Coordinate System...........................................................................143
12.8 Plane Selection; G17/G18/G19 ..............................................................................144
12.9 Automatic 1st Reference Point Return; G28/G29 ..................................................146
12.10 2nd, 3rd and 4th Reference Point Return; G30....................................................148
12.11 Reference Point Check; G27................................................................................150
ii
13. PROGRAMMING SUPPORT FUNCTIONS .....................................................................151

13.1 High-speed Machining Mode; G05.........................................................................151
13.2 Subprogram Control; M98/M99 ..............................................................................153
13.3 Fixed Cycle; G80 to G89/G73/G74/G76.................................................................155
13.3.1 Outline ...........................................................................................................155
13.3.2 Command format...........................................................................................155
13.3.3 Description of operation ................................................................................157
13.3.4 Detailed description.......................................................................................159
13.3.5 Description of each command.......................................................................160
13.4 Corner Chamfering, Corner R; ,C/,R ......................................................................169
13.4.1 Outline ...........................................................................................................169
13.4.2 Corner chamfering.........................................................................................169
13.4.3 Corner R........................................................................................................171
13.4.4 Corner chamfering/corner R speed E designation ........................................173
13.5 Mirror Image; G50.1/G51.1 ....................................................................................174
13.5.1 Outline ...........................................................................................................174
13.5.2 External switch mirror image and parameter set mirror image......................174
13.5.3 G command mirror image..............................................................................175
13.6 Variable Commands...............................................................................................177
13.6.1 Outline ...........................................................................................................177
13.6.2 Detailed description.......................................................................................177
13.7 User Macro Specifications......................................................................................179
13.7.1 User macro commands .................................................................................179
13.7.2 Macro call instruction.....................................................................................180
13.7.3 Variables .......................................................................................................189
13.7.4 Types of variables .........................................................................................191
13.7.5 Arithmetic commands ....................................................................................212
13.7.6 Control commands ........................................................................................216
13.7.7 External output commands............................................................................219
13.7.8 Checkpoints...................................................................................................221
13.7.9 Actual examples of using user macros..........................................................223
13.8 Linear Angle Command..........................................................................................227
13.9 Geometric Command .............................................................................................228
13.10 Pattern Rotation; M98 l_J_...................................................................................229
13.11 Program Coordinate Rotation; G68/G69 ..............................................................231
13.12 Parameter Coordinate Rotation............................................................................233
13.13 Special Fixed Cycles; G34/G35/G36/G37.1.........................................................235
13.14 Circular Cutting; G12/G13 ....................................................................................240
13.15 Scaling; G50/G51 .................................................................................................241
13.16 Normal Line Control; G40.1/G41.1/G42.1 ............................................................244
13.17 Macro Interrupt; M96/M97 ....................................................................................249
13.18 Three-dimensional Coordinate Conversion Function; G68/G69 ..........................253
13.19 Cutting Mode; G64 ...............................................................................................269
13.20 Automatic Corner Override; G62..........................................................................270
13.21 High-accuracy Control; G61.1 ..............................................................................271
13.22 High-accuracy Control for Die Machining; G61.2/G61.3 ......................................276
13.23 High-accuracy Control for Part Machining; G61.5................................................279
13.24 Program Parameter Input; G10L70/G11 ..............................................................281
13.25 Program Compensation Input; G10......................................................................282
13.26 N Number Single Command Skip ........................................................................284
14. AUTOMATED SUPPORT FUNCTIONS ..........................................................................286
14.1 High-speed Skip; G31 ............................................................................................286
14.2 Multi-step Skip; G31.1 to G31.4 .............................................................................289
14.3 Automatic Tool Length Measurement; G37............................................................292
iii
15. PROTECTION FUNCTIONS ............................................................................................294

15.1 Pre-movement Stroke Check; G22/G23.................................................................294
APPENDIX 1. LIST OF VARIABLE NUMBERS....................................................................296
APPENDIX 2. FIXED CYCLE PROGRAM.............................................................................299
2.1 Parameters for Fixed Cycle Program Operation ......................................................299
2.2 Input/Output of Fixed Cycle Programs .....................................................................300
2.3 Standard Fixed Cycle Programs ..............................................................................301
2.4 Fixed Cycle Variables...............................................................................................307
APPENDIX 3. LIST OF ALARMS ..........................................................................................308
3.1 Program Errors.........................................................................................................308
3.2 Program Warnings ...................................................................................................321
iv
1. OUTLINE OF NC PROGRAM
1.1 Program Format
This chapter describes some of the terminologies of NC programming.
1.1
Program Format
There are some predefined formats to supply control information to numerical control unit (hereinafter
referred to as CNC) to control the movement of NC machine tool. This CNC employs the format of the
word address system.
In this system, the control information supplied to the machine is configured of a combination of each
alphabetic initial character and multiple digits of numeric characters. As the role (address) is assigned
to each alphabet, it can be specified in any order.
The following programs cause the machine to perform the same operation.
Example 1)
Example 2)
N001 G00 X-100.0 Y150.0 M03 S1000 ;

M03 G00 S1000 Y150.0 N001 X-100.0 ;
It is recommended to use the order of N, G, X, Y, Z, F, M, S, T... shown in Example 1) because it is

easier to read the program.
1.2
Word and Address
Each alphabetic initial character described in section 1.1 is called address, and the control information
that follows the address, consisting of multiple digits of numeric value, is called word data (or simply
word). The address has the predefined function.
The number of digits that can be designated for each word data varies depending on the address.
Word data
End of block (EOB)
N001
G00
X123.4
M03
S1000 ;
Address
Therefore, each word data is the basic element of the NC program and the series of these word data
forms the program that performs actual workpiece cutting.
The word data that are represented by the addresses G, M, S and T are called G code, M code, S
code and T code, respectively. Table 1 lists the specified number of digits of each word data.
1.3
Block
To cause the machine to make a necessary movement, generally, it is required to specify a line of
statement (control information) that is configured of multiple word data continuously. This line of
statement is called "block" (or 1 block).
A block is a self-sufficient program and the series of these blocks constitutes the machining program
(or NC program) used in the actual cutting.
1.3 Block
Table 1
Item
Program number
Sequence number
Ready function
Details of the number of digits in word data
Input unit
Metric commands (mm)

Inch commands (inch)
O8
N5
G3/G21
X+52 Y+52 Z+52 +52
X+53 Y+53 Z+53
X+53 Y+53 Z+53 +53
X+44 Y+44 Z+44
X+43 Y+43 Z+43 +43
X+34 Y+34 Z+34
X+44 Y+44 Z+44 +44
X+35 Y+35 Z+35
I+52 J+52 K+52
I+53 J+53 K+53
I+53 J+53 K+53
I+44 J+44 K+44
I +43 J+43 K+43
I+34 J+34 K+34
I+44 J+44 K+44
I+35 J+35 K+35
I+62 J+62 K+62 R+62
I+53 J+53 K+53 R+53
I+63 J+63 K+63 R+63
I+54 J+54 K+54 R+54
I +53 J+53 K+53 R+53
I+44 J+44 K+44 R+44
I+54 J+54 K+54 R+54
I+45 J+45 K+45 R+45
X53 P8
X53 P8
X53 P8
X53 P8
X53 P8
X53 P8
X53 P8
X53 P8
F62
F53
F63
F54
F53
F44
F54
F45
F53
F43
F44
F34
F34
F24
F35
F25
R+52 Q52 P8 L4
R+53 Q53
P8 L4
R+53 Q53 P8 L4
R+44 Q44
P8 L4
R+43 Q43 P8 L4
R+34 Q34
P8 L4
R+44 Q44 P8 L4
R+35 Q35
P8 L4
H3/D3
M8
S8
T8
B8/A8/C8
P8H5L4
#5
A 0.01 (), mm/0.001 inch

B 0.001 (), mm/0.0001 inch
Move-ment axis
B' 0.001 (), mm / 0.0001inch
C 0.0001 (), mm/0.00001 inch
A 0.01 (), mm/0.001 inch
B 0.001 (), mm/0.0001 inch
Auxiliary axis
B' 0.001 (), mm / 0.0001inch
C 0.0001 (), mm/0.00001 inch
A 0.01 (), mm/0.001 inch
B 0.001 (), mm/0.0001 inch
Arc center
B' 0.001 (), mm / 0.0001inch
C 0.0001 (), mm/0.00001 inch
A 0.01 (rev/s)
B 0.001 (rev/s)
Dwell
B' 0.001 (rev/s)
C 0.001 (rev/s)
A 0.01 (rev), mm/0.001 inch
B 0.001 (rev), mm/0.0001 inch
Feed function
(feed per minute) B' 0.001 (rev), mm / 0.0001inch
C 0.0001 (rev), mm/0.00001 inch
A 0.01 (rev), mm/0.001 inch
B 0.001 (rev), mm/0.0001 inch
Feed function
(feed per rotation) B' 0.001 (rev), mm / 0.0001inch
C 0.0001 (rev), mm/0.00001 inch
A 0.01 (), mm/0.001 inch
B 0.001 (), mm/0.0001 inch
Fixed cycle
B' 0.001 (), mm / 0.0001inch
C 0.0001 (), mm/0.00001 inch
Tool compensation number
Miscellaneous function
Spindle function
Tool function
2nd miscellaneous function
Subprogram
Variable number
B' is internal sub-micrometric system (unit of display/setting is one micron, and an internal unit of
processing is 0.1 microns). Please inquire to the machine manufacturer whether the machine of your
use is an internal sub-micrometric system.
(Note 1) "" indicates the U, V, W, A or B additional axis address.
(Note 2) This format is the same for every numerical value input made from the tape, memory, MDI
or the setting and display unit.
(Note 3) Excluding tool compensation numbers, all leading zeros in numbers can be omitted.
(Note 4) Program numbers are commanded in independent blocks. Command them in the head
block of each program.
(Note 5) The significance of the abbreviations used are as follows.
Example 1) O8 : 8-digit program number
Example 2) G21 : Address G has two digits to the left of the decimal point and one digit
to
the right.
Example 3) X+53 : Address X has a "+" or "-" sign and five digits to the left of the decimal
point and three digits to the right.
1.4 End of Block
The example given below is a case where the X axis is positioned (G00) at the 45.123mm
position in the absolute value (G90) mode.
G00X45 123 ;
Three digits below decimal point
This denotes 5 digits above decimal point. However, since the
actual value is "+00045", the leading zeros and "+" sign are omitted.
G0 may be applicable instead.
Example) Configuration of one block in the machining program
N100 G01 X123.4 Y-100.0 F1000.0 ;

N006 M03 S1000 T01 ;
N007 G0
Z-100.0 ;
To configure one block of data, care should be taken because the following restrictions exist.
1) The number of digits of word data that can be specified is determined by the type of address.
Refer to Table 1 for details.
2) The word data except those which are represented by the addresses G and M cannot be
designated in duplicate. If they are designated in duplicate, the word data which is designated later
becomes valid.
3) The total number of characters of each word that can be designated in a single line is limited to
within 128 characters including the end of block code (EOB) (described in later section).
4) The initial character of the address can be either lower or upper case.
1.4
End of Block
The end of block is abbreviated as EOB and is the information code to inform the CNC unit of the end
of each block of command. Therefore, the EOB should be designated for each block. In this manual,
the EOB is represented by the symbol " ; ". This corresponds to INPUT key on the keyboard of
CNC unit or the Enter key of a personal computer.
The CNC unit ignores all information until the first EOB code is read after the power is turned ON or
reset. To ensure the execution from the start block of the machining program, the EOB should be
designated in the start block.
Example 1) N001
N002
N003
G00
X100.0
Y50.0 ;
G00 Z30.0 ;
S3000 M03 ;
If this program is started after the NC power is turned ON or reset, the block N001 is ignored and the
block N002 and onward are executed. Therefore, the following programming should be made as
shown in Examples 2) and 3). (Except machining programs stored in the NC memory.)
Example 2) ;
1.5
Example 3) TEST PROGRAM #1 ;
N001
G00
X100.0
N002
N003
G00 Z30.0 ;
S3000 M03 ;
Y50.0 ;
N001
G00
X100.0
N002
N003
G00 Z30.0 ;
S3000 M03 ;
Y50.0 ;
Modal and Unmodal Commands
Some of the word data are stored in the CNC once they are designated and to when they are updated or
canceled, while other data need to be designated for each block each time they are used. The former is
called modal command and the latter is called unmodal command. For example, the word data F that
designates the feedrate described in later section of this manual is a typical modal command and the
word data that designates the movement amount such as data X, Y or Z is a typical unmodal command.
Avoiding the duplicate designation of the modal commands leads to efficient programming.
2. BASIC CONCEPT FOR PROGRAMMING

2.1 Control Axis and Axis Name

This section describes some of the basic concepts for programming.
2.1
Control Axis and Axis Name
The normal vertical machining center with a CNC (hereinafter referred to as MC) performs cutting
(machining) operation by singly or simultaneously moving the table that moves horizontally (left/right
and forward/backward) and the spindle head that moves up and down.
The mobile parts that move in three directions are called the "control axis" and have the following axis
names.
Control axis that carries out left/right feed of the table X axis
Control axis that carries out forward/backward feed of the table Y axis
Control axis of the spindle head that moves up and down Z axis
The axes of the horizontal machining center are called as follows because the spindle head is placed
horizontally (forward and back word movement)
Control axis that carries out left/right feed of the table X axis
Control axis of the spindle head that moves up and down Y axis
Control axis that carries out forward/backward feed of the table Z axis
The X, Y and Z axes are usually used for linear axis while the A, B and C axes are used for the
rotating axis such as rotary table. The U, V and W axes are used for the address of the additional axis
name.
Up to 14 axes can be used according to the CNC type. This instruction manual assumes the
maximum number of the control axes is 4.
Refer to instruction manual of machine manufacturer for the actual configuration of the control axes.
Fig. 1 shows the configuration example of the three control axes (X, Y, Z).
2.2
Minimum Program Unit and Minimum Movement Amount
In contrast to the movement amount of the control axis, the minimum unit of movement amount that
can be designated by the program and the minimum movement amount that the machine actually
makes consist of three types as shown in the Table 2. The type is selectable by the parameters
specified by the CNC unit.
The type CS-B of 1m system shown in the Table 2 is most frequently used.
2.2

Spindle head
Z+
Z
Tool magazine
Tool
Y
Y+
X+
Table
X
Fig. 1
Outline of three-control-axis type vertical machining center
2.2

Table 2 Input command unit type and the type of minimum movement
amount
Linear axis
Type
Input command
unit
Metric command
(mm)
Inch command
(inch)
Rotating
axis ()
CS-A
0.01
0.001
0.01
CS-B
0.001
0.0001
0.001
CS-C
0.0001
0.00001
0.0001
(Note 1) The metric/inch command can be changed over by the parameters of CNC unit
and by the G command (G20/G21).
(Note 2) The metric/inch command cannot be used simultaneously.
[Example of designating the 1m system]
Designated by the program
X1
Y10
Z1000
X0.1
Y10.0
Movement amount of the machine

X axis 0.001mm
Y axis 0.01mm
Z axis 1.0mm
X axis 0.1mm
Y axis 10.0mm
A90000
B10.009
A axis 99.0
B axis 10.009
Z1.0001
Cannot designate because the 1m system is limited
to
less than three digits under the decimal point.
[Example of designating by the 0.1m system] (This is especially called submicrometer command.)
Designated by the program
X100
Movement amount of the machine

X axis 0.01mm
Y10
Y axis 0.001mm
Z1
X0.0001
Y1.0
Z10.0009
A90.0001
B9000
Z axis 0.0001mm
X axis 0.0001mm
Y axis 1.0mm
Z axis 10.0009mm
A axis 90.0001
B axis 9.0
Refer to the instruction manual of machine manufacturer for details of the actual setting unit.
2.3
2.3

Incremental Value Command and Absolute Value Command
Incremental Value Command and Absolute Value Command
To designate the movement amount of the control axis, either the relative value command method
(incremental) or the absolute value command method (absolute) can be chosen. The type can be
selected freely, but depending on the program details some machines need to be designated by the
incremental value type only.
Examples are given in the following for better illustration. Refer to Section "4. POSITION COMMAND"
for details.
Difference is shown between the increment value
command program and the absolute value command
program when the table returns immediately to the point
A after the table has moved from the point A to the point
D (positioning).
20 . 0
N3
Incremental value
command method
B N2
10 . 0
C
N1
N4
A
0.0
10 . 0
20 . 0
30 . 0
Absolute value
command method
AB
N1 G0 X10.0 Y10.0;
N1 G0 X10.0 Y10.0;
BC
N2 X10.0 Y0; (Note 1)
N2 X20.0 Y10.0;
CD
N3 X10.0 Y10.0;
N3 X30.0 Y20.0;
DA
N4 X30.0 Y-20.0;
N4 X0 Y0;
(Note 1) The increment value command can be omitted if

the movement amount is zero.
The absolute value command method is more frequently used.
2.4
Reference Point (machine zero point position) and Zero Point Return
For each control axis of the machine, a specific machine position is specified as the reference point of
the machine coordinate system. This machine position is called reference point (or machine zero point
position). The reference point has the important role of being the reference point when changing the
coordinate system of the machining program or the tool as well as when setting the tool offset amount.
Most CNC machine tool are equipped with the function to automatically return to the zero point
position by the program or by manual operation. This is called zero point return.
Refer to the instruction manual of machine manufacturer for the reference point position of each axis.
If the operation is to be restarted after the NC power has been turned OFF or after emergency stop,
the return to the zero point return is performed. (Except in the case where the absolute position
detection function is provided.)
3. OUTLINE OF PROGRAMMING
Program to Specify the Movement of Tools along the Machining Workpiece Shape
3.1
3.1
Program to Specify the Movement of Tools along the Machining Workpiece

Shape
The shape of all machining workpieces is configured of combinations of lines and arcs. Therefore, the
program commands (Note 1) are divided into two groups; commands that move the tool along the line
and commands that move the tool along the arc. But, in the actual machining, commands to traverse
the table to the specified position at a higher speed are needed in addition to the commands that
move the tool along the shape.
(1) Program to command the movement of a tool along the line
Program format
G01
F;
G01 (or G1).... G code that designates the movement
along the line (Note 2)
X, Y ................ End point coordinate value of linear
movement
F ..................... Tool feedrate
(2) Program to command the movement of a tool along the arc

Program format
G02
G03
X
X
Y
Y
R
R
F;
F;
G03
G02
G02 G code to designate the clockwise arc

movement
G03 G code to designate the counterclockwise
arc movement
X, Y Coordinate value of arc end point
R Arc radius (The arc center may be
designated by I, J, and K instead of arc
radius. Refer to details in later section.)
F Tool feedrate
(3) Program to designate the tool rapid traverse

Program format
G00
Y;
G00 ................ G code to designate the tool rapid
traverse movement
X, Y ................ Coordinate value of positioning end
point
3.2
Program to Command the Feed of a Tool at the Designated Rate to Cut a Workpiece
(Note 1) In the actual machine, the table may move while the tool may not. This manual assumes the
tool moves to the workpiece. There is no difference in programming.
(Note 2) The leading zeros of the numeric value data that follow the address such as G00, G01 and
G02 can be omitted. The data can be represented as G0, G1 and G2.
The function to move the tool along the linear or the arc is called interpolating function and the
function to traverse the tool at a high rate is called positioning or rapid traverse function.
The G codes such as G00, G01, G02 and G03 are called preparation function (or G function) and
there are many kinds of G functions. Refer to Section "6. POSITIONING AND INTERPOLATION
FUNCTIONS" for details.
3.2
Program to Command the Feed of a Tool at the Designated Rate to Cut a

Workpiece
To cut a workpiece, the feedrate of a tool should be considered according to the material or tool used.
The function to designate the feedrate is called feed function (or F function). The feedrate is
designated by numeric values.
For example, command F200.0 (or F200.) to feed a tool at 200mm per minute.
F mm/min.
Tool
Workpiece
Machining table
The F command is usually designated for the same block as the interpolation function such as G01
but it can be designated singly.
As this is one of the modal commands, it needs not be designated for each block until the feedrate
needs to be changed. This applies to all interpolation functions (G01, G02, G03).
Refer to Section "7. FEED FUNCTIONS" for details.
3.3
Program to Command Various Machine Operations such as Spindle Rotation

and Stop and Coolant ON/OFF
For machining a workpiece, it is necessary to rotate the spindle, to apply coolant (cutting oil) and to
turn ON/OFF devices on the other machine side. The function that commands this series of operations
is called miscellaneous function (or M function). This is generally designated by a two digit of numeric
value (M code) that follows the address M.
For example, M03 commands the forward rotation of the spindle, M04 does the reverse rotation of the
spindle and M05 stops the spindle. Refer to instruction manual of machine manufacturer for details of
the functions of the M code.
The M codes are not fully defined by machine manufacturer. The functions such as M00, M01, M02,
M30, M98 and M99 are fixed on the CNC side.
Refer to Section "10. MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTIONS" for details.
3.4 Program to Command the Spindle Rotation Speed
3.4
Program to Command the Spindle Rotation Speed
Like the F command, an appropriate tool rotation speed (spindle rotation speed) must be designated
according to the material of the workpiece and the tool used. The rotation speed of the tool can be
calculated based on the relative speed of the tool and the workpiece (cutting speed).
For example, if a workpiece needs to be machined at a cutting speed of 200m per minute with a
tool of 100, the rotation spindle speed is 640r/min. So, designate the rotation speed (r/min) after the
address S. That is the code of S640 used in this case.
It is also possible to command the required value directly without calculation.
The command related to the spindle rotation speed is called spindle function (S function). Since the S
function is a modal command, the designated spindle rotation speed does not need to be set until the
next change. If any new S function is commanded while the rotation spindle is rotating, the rotation
speed is changed immediately. If the power has been turned ON or the spindle has been stopped by
M05, the spindle rotation speed should be commanded simultaneously with spindle rotation
commands (M03 or M04) or a spindle rotation command (M03, M04) should be issued first.
Refer to Section "8. SPINDLE FUNCTIONS" for details.
3.5
Program to Select an Appropriate Tool for Workpiece Machining
In the actual workpiece machining process, milling, drilling, tapping and boring are performed and
appropriate tools should be used. Each tool has a number (tool number) and is commanded by the
2-digit numeric value (T code) following the address T. This is called tool function (or T function).
For example, if a 10 drill has the tool number 5, command program T05 or T5 to select it.
The tool selection is closely related to the tool change method (ATC) of each machine manufacturer.
Refer to instruction manual of machine manufacturer for details.
Refer to Section "9. TOOL FUNCTIONS" for other details.
10
3.6 Configuration of Program
3.6
Configuration of Program
One block of program is configured as follows.

N
Sequence
number
Preparation
function
Coordinate word
Miscellaneous Spindle
function
function
Tool
Feed
function function End of block
(EOB)
The sequence number designated at the head of each block is commanded by the maximum 5-digit
numeric value following the address N. This is displayed on the screen while executing the program. It
can be used to monitor the machining program execution states or to call a specific process of the
machining program (program search).
The sequence number does not show the order in which the commands are executed. The program is
executed according to the order of the block written in the program. (The command in the block is
executed simultaneously.) The sequence number does not need to be commanded for each block.
There is no influence on the machining even if it is not commanded at all.
The words which are not needed for block operation (G, X, Y, Z, ... F) can be omitted.
The machining program is generally configured as follows.
;
O1234 ;
At the head of program EOB ( ; )

Program number
N001 G90 G00 X10.0 Y20 Z30.0 M03 S1000 ;

N002 M08 ;
Block
Block
N003 G01 Z40.0 F500.0 ;
Block
N004 G00 Z30.0 ;

:
;
N999 M02
Block
:
;
Program end
The EOB ( ; ) at the head of the program is followed by the program number and each block for
machining, and the program end code of M02 or M30 is written at the end of the program.
The program number (maximum 8-digit numeric value following the address O) is displayed on the
screen in the same way as the sequence number. By controlling this number, it is possible to know
what machining program is being executed. This also used to select the program necessary for the
machining when some kinds of machining program are stored in the memory of the CNC unit.
The program number should be designated for each machining program. The same number cannot
be used twice. The block number is automatically assigned by the CNC, and need not be designated
when programming. This is cleared to zero each time a new program number or sequence number is
read, or counted up each time one block is read. If the count reaches 99999, it is cleared to zero and
the counting starts again. The block number is displayed on the screen as in the same way as the
sequence number.
11
3.7 Other Programming Notes
3.7
Other Programming Notes
The machining program is usually written in such a way that the tool center moves along the contour
lines on the machining drawing. But, in the actual machining, as tools of various thickness (tool radius)
and length (tool length) are used, the actual tool path deviates by the amount of the radius and the
length, and the exact machining cannot be expected if no measure is taken.
Z axis
reference
point
Tool center path when the tool radius

compensation is accomplished.
Machining shape (program path)
L1
L2
L1, L2: Tool length

Workpiece
Machining table
Therefore, this software is provided with the following tool offset functions so that programmers may
write programs without considering the deviation.
1) Tool radius compensation function
2) Tool length offset function
These functions allow to register the radius and the length of a tool in the memory (offset memory) of the
CNC unit and automatically compensate for the tool displacement due to the tool diameter and the tool
length when the dedicated G code and the registration number are designated.
Refer to Section "11. TOOL COMPENSATION" for details.
3.8
Coordinate Systems and Coordinate Zero Point Symbols
:Reference point
:Machine coordinate zero point
:Workpiece coordinate zero points

(G54 to G59)
12
3.9
3.9
Optional Block Skip (Block delete)
Optional Block Skip (Block delete)
This function selectively ignores specific blocks in a machining program which start with the " / "
(slash) code.
(1) Optional block skip
Provided that the optional block skip switch is ON, blocks starting with the " / " code are ignored.
They are executed if the switch is OFF.
Parity check is valid regardless of whether the optional block skip switch is ON or OFF.
When, for instance, all blocks are to be executed for one workpiece but specific blocks are not to
be executed for another workpiece, the same machining program can be used to machine
different parts by inserting the " / " code at the head of those specific blocks.
(2) Notes for using optional block skip
1) Put the " / " code at the head of the block. (In this example, an error of dividing by zero occurs.)
Example:
N20 G01 X-25.0 /Y-25.0; Correct

/N20 G01 X-25.0 Y-25.0 ; Incorrect
2) Parity checks (H and V) are conducted regardless of the optional block skip switch status.
3) The optional block skip is processed immediately before the pre-read buffer.
Consequently, it is not possible to skip up to the block which has been read into the pre-read
buffer.
4) This function is valid even during a sequence number search.
5) All blocks with the " / " code are also input and output during tape storage and tape output,
regardless of the optional block skip switch status.
13
4. POSITION COMMAND
Absolute/Incremental Command; G90/G91
4.1
4. POSITION COMMAND
4.1
Absolute/Incremental Command; G90/G91

When issuing the axis coordinate data with the machining program commands, the
incremental command method (G91) to command the relative distance from the current
position, or the absolute command method (G90) to move to the designated position of the
predetermined coordinate system can be selected.
1) Command format
G90 Absolute command (Absolute value command)
G91 Incremental command (Incremental value command)
These G codes can be commanded multiple times within one block.
G90
X100.
Absolute value
G91
Y200.
Incremental value
G90
Z300.
Absolute value
(Note) Even in the MDI command, the modal executed before is followed when there is
no G90/G91 designation as with the memory command.
2) Combined use of absolute and incremental commands in the same block is possible. The
changeover is carried out with G90 or G91.
Note that the arc radius designation (R) is an incremental command.
The arc center designation (I, J, K) can be changed by the parameters so it is fixed to
incremental designation or so that it follows the G90 and G91 modal.
3) Figure description
(Incremental value command)
G91 X100. Y100. ;
(Absolute value command)

G90 X100. Y100. ;
End point
End point
Y100.
Y100.
Y100.
Current
position
Current
position
X100.
Program coordinate
(0,0)
Program coordinate
(0,0)
X100.
14
X100.
4.2
4.2
4. POSITION COMMAND
Inch/Metric Changeover; G20/G21
Inch/Metric Changeover; G20/G21
(1) Outline
The two unit systems handled by the NC are the metric unit system and the inch unit system. The
unit system can be designated by the parameters and the machining program. Commands from
the machining program are only valid in machining program commands; the unit system of the
position display, etc., does not change.
(2) Detailed description
Inch/metric
changeover
Target
Remarks
Input unit
changeover
(parameters)
Parameters (excluding some)

Tool compensation amount
Workpiece offset
Machining program command
Position display
Automatic conversion at
parameter changeover
(mm fixed internally).
Restart necessary.
Output unit
changeover
(parameters)
Parameters (those depending

on ball screws)
No automatic changeover.
Restart necessary.
G20/G21
Machining program command

only
(3) Command format

Inch command
G20 ;
Metric command
G21 ;
15
4. POSITION COMMAND
4.3 Decimal Point Input I, II
4.3
Decimal Point Input I, II
(1) Outline
This function enables the decimal point command to be input. It assigns the zero point in
millimeter or inch units for the machining program input information that defines the tool paths,
distances and speeds.
The two types of decimal point commands are as follows. They can be selected by the
parameters.
1) Decimal point input: Type 1 (When control parameter "Decimal point type 2" is OFF.)
2) Decimal point input: Type 2 (When control parameter "Decimal point type 2" is ON.)
(a) The decimal point command is valid for distance, angle, time, speed and scaling magnification
commands in the machining program.
(b) The two types of handling of command values for data with no decimal points are Decimal
point input: Type 1 and Type 2. The type is selected by the parameters.
1) Decimal point input: Type 1 (When control parameter "Decimal point type 2" is OFF.)
When the axis coordinates, etc., data is issued in the machining program command, the
program data designation can be simplified by using decimal point input. The least digit of
commands not using a decimal point becomes the minimum setting unit.
Besides the axis coordinate value, other addresses in which this input type can be used are
speed commands and dwell commands.
The decimal point position is a mm unit during metric mode, an inch unit during inch mode
and a second unit during dwell time setting. For the rotation axis, the decimal point position
is a degree, regardless of metric or inch mode.
2) Decimal point input: Type 2 (When control parameter "Decimal point type 2" is ON.)
Type 2 is different from Type 1. When there is no decimal point, the last digit is a mm unit
during metric mode, an inch unit during inch mode, and a second unit in time setting.
Always designate a "." (point) when commands below the decimal point are necessary.
(c) The valid addresses of the decimal point command are XYZUVWABCDIJKEFGPQR. Refer to
the list for details.
(d) The decimal point command is valid even for commands defining the variable data used in
subprograms.
(e) Decimal point commands for decimal point invalid addresses are processed as integer data
only and everything below the decimal point is ignored. Decimal point invalid addresses are
HLMNOS T.
All variable commands, however, are handled as data with decimal points.
(f) Example of program
Machining program
G00 X100. Y200.5
G1 X100 F20.
Y200 F100 (Note 1)
G4 X1.5 (Note 2)
X2
(Note 1)
(Note 2)
Unit interpretation (for metric system)

Type I
Type II
X100mm, Y200.5mm
X100m, F20mm/min
Y200m, F100mm/min
Dwell 1.5s
2ms
X100mm, Y200.5mm
X100mm, F20mm/min
Y200mm, F100mm/min
Dwell 1.5s
2s
F unit is mm/min. (inch/min. for inch system) for either type I or II.
Valid/invalid changeover of the decimal point command is possible with the control
parameter "G04P decim pt valid".
16
4. POSITION COMMAND
(g) Addresses used and valid/invalid decimal point commands

Address
Decimal
point
command
Valid
Miscellaneous function code
Valid
Geometric linear angle data
Invalid
Rotation table
Invalid
Program parameter input

(axis number/spindle number)
Valid
Valid
Invalid
Valid
Invalid
Coordinate position data

Corner chamfering amount
Automatic tool length measurement,

deceleration range d
Valid

Subprogram storage device No.
Valid
Inch threads, Precision thread lead
Valid
Feedrate
Valid
Thread lead
Valid
Preparatory function code
Invalid
Sequence number in subprograms
Invalid
Offset number
(tool position, tool length offset)
,C
Offset number
(tool position, tool radius compensation)
Valid
Invalid
Remarks
Invalid
Invalid
C
Application
Valid
Circular center coordinate
Valid
Tool radius compensation vector component
Valid
Special fixed cycle, hole pitch
Valid
Valid
Valid
Special fixed cycle, hole pitch and angle
17
,D
4. POSITION COMMAND
Address
Decimal
point
command
Valid
Valid
Application
Remarks

Invalid
Special fixed cycle, number of holes
Invalid
Fixed cycle, number of repetitions
Invalid
Subprogram, number of repetitions
Invalid
Fixed cycle, number of repetitions
Invalid
Program tool compensation input type selection
L2, L10, L11
Invalid
L70
Invalid
Invalid
Sequence number
Invalid
Program parameter input, data number
Invalid
Program number
O
P
Valid/Invalid Dwell time

Invalid
Subprogram call program number
Invalid
Program tool compensation input,

compensation number
Invalid
Special fixed cycle, number of holes
Invalid
Helical number of pitches
Valid
Parameter
Scaling magnification
Invalid
High-speed mode type
Invalid
2nd reference point number
Invalid
Program parameter input,

broad classification number
Invalid
Return sequence number from subprogram
Valid
Deep hole drilling cycle, cut amount
Valid
Back boring shift amount
Valid
Fine boring shift amount
18
4. POSITION COMMAND
Address
Decimal
point
command
Valid
Application
R-designated arc radius
Valid
Corner R arc radius
Valid
Program tool compensation input,

compensation amount
Valid
Fixed cycle R point
Invalid
Valid
Synchronous tap/asynchronous tap changeover

Automatic tool length measurement,
deceleration range r
Invalid
Spindle function code
Invalid
Tool function code
Valid
Invalid
Valid
Invalid
Valid
Invalid
Y
Z
Remarks

2nd miscellaneous function code
Valid
Valid
Dwell time
Valid
Program tool compensation input
Valid
Valid
Valid
Valid
19
,R
4.4
4.4
4. POSITION COMMAND
Command Value and Setting Value Range
(1) Outline
A command range (maximum/minimum) exists for the setting values from the screen, command
values in the machining programs, etc. Commands outside of that range cause an error.
(a) Details of the number of digits in words data
Minimum setting unit
Metric command
Program number
Sequence number
Preparation function
Movement axis
X, Y, Z,
Inch command
O
N
G
A: 0.01
B: 0.001
B': 0.001
C: 0.0001
A: 0.01
B: 0.001
B': 0.001
C: 0.0001
A: 0.01
B: 0.001
B': 0.001
C: 0.0001
A: 0.01
B: 0.001
B': 0.001
C: 0.0001
A: 0.001
B: 0.0001
B': 0.0001
C: 0.00001
A: 0.001
B: 0.0001
B': 0.0001
C: 0.00001
A: 0.001
B: 0.0001
B': 0.0001
C: 0.00001
A: 0.001
B: 0.0001
B': 0.0001
C: 0.00001
Feed function
(feed per rotation) F
A: 0.01
B: 0.001
B': 0.001
C: 0.0001
A: 0.001
B: 0.0001
B': 0.0001
C: 0.00001
Dwell
A: 0.01 (rev/s)
B: 0.001 (rev/s)
B': 0.001 (rev/s)
C: 0.001 (rev/s)
A: 0.01
B: 0.001
B': 0.001
C: 0.0001
A: 0.01 (rev/s)
B: 0.001 (rev/s)
B': 0.001 (rev/s)
C: 0.001 (rev/s)
A: 0.001
B: 0.0001
B': 0.0001
C: 0.00001
Auxiliary axis I, J, K
Arc center (radius)

(mm), (inch)
I, J, K, R
Feed function
(feed per minute) F
Fixed cycle
Tool compensation
number
Miscellaneous function
Spindle function
Tool function
2nd miscellaneous
function
Subprogram
Command value and

setting value range
Metric command
Inch command
O8
N5
G3/G21
X+52
X+53
X+43
X+44
I+52
I+53
I+43
I+44
I+62
I+63
I+53
I+54
0.01 to 480000.00
0.001 to 480000.000
0.001 to 100000.000
0.0001 to
100000.0000
0.001 to 99999.999
0.0001 to 9999.9999
0.0001 to 999.9999
0.00001 to
999.99999
X53 P8
X53 P8
X53 P8
X53 P8
R+52 Q52 P8 L4
R+53 Q53 P8 L4
R+43 Q43 P8 L4
R+44 Q44 P8 L4
H3/D3, T1/T2
X+43
X+44
X+34
X+35
I+43
I+44
I+34
I+35
I+53
I+54
I+44
I+45
0.001 to 18897.6378
0.0001 to 18897.6378
0.0001 to 3937.0078
0.00001 to
3937.00787
0.001 to 3937.007
0.0001 to 393.7007
0.0001 to 39.3700
0.00001 to 39.37007
R+43 Q43 P8 L4
R+44 Q44 P8 L4
R+34 Q34 P8 L4
R+35 Q35 P8 L4
M8
S8
T8
B8/A8/C8
P8H5L4
B' is internal sub-micrometric system (unit of display/setting is one micron, and an internal unit of
processing is 0.1 microns). Please inquire to the machine manufacturer whether the machine of your
use is an internal sub-micrometric system.
20
4.4
4. POSITION COMMAND
(Note 1) indicates the additional axis address.

(Note 2) Except for the tool compensation numbers, all leading zeros can be omitted.
(Note 3) Program numbers are commanded in independent blocks. Command them in the head
block of each program.
(Note 4) The significance of the symbols and abbreviations used are as follows.
Example 1)
Example 2)
O8
G21
: 8-digit program number

: Address G has two digits to the left of the decimal point, one digit
to the right.
Example 3) X+53
: Address X has a "+" or "" sign. It has five digits to the left of the
decimal point, and three to the right.
The example given below is a case where the X axis is positioned (G00) at the
45.123mm position in the absolute value (G90) mode.
G00 X45. 123 ;
Three digits below decimal point
This denotes five digits above the decimal point. However,
since the actual value is "+00045", the leading zeros and "+"
sign are omitted.
G0 may be applicable instead.
21
5. PREPARATORY FUNCTIONS
5.1 List of G Commands
5.1
List of G Commands
G code Group
Function
ReferG code Group

Function
ence
6.1
31.3
00 Multi-step skip 3
6.3
31.4
00 Multi-step skip 4
6.4
32
(Spare)
Reference
14.2
00
01
Positioning
01
01
Linear interpolation
02
01
Circular interpolation
CW
03
01
Circular interpolation
CCW
6.4
CW
6.8
34
00
CCW
6.8
35
00
(line at angle)
13.13
(arc)
13.13
02.1
01
Spiral interpolation
33
01
14.2
Thread cutting
6.10
Special fixed cycle (bolt hole circle)
13.13
03.1
01
04
00
Dwell
7.7
36
00
High-speed mode
13.1
37
00
Automatic tool length measurement
14.3
37.1
00
Special fixed cycle (grid)
13.13
00
Tool radius compensation vector

designation
11.2
38
05
00
06
(Spare)
6.9
06.2
01
NURBS interpolation
07
00
Hypothetical axis interpolation
6.5
39
00
Tool radius compensation corner arc
11.2
07.1
00
Cylindrical interpolation
6.6
40
07
Tool radius compensation cancel
11.2
41
07
Tool radius compensation

Left compensation
11.2
(Spare)
07

Right compensation
11.2
42
40.1
15
Normal line control cancel
08
09
00
Exact stop check
00
Program parameter input/compensation

input
13.25
10
11
00
Program parameter input cancel
13.24
41.1
15
Normal line control Left
13.16
42.1
15
Normal line control Right
13.16
43
08
Tool length offset
(+)
11.1
()
11.1
12
00
Circle cutting
CW
13.14
13
00
Circle cutting
CCW
13.14
13.16
14
(Spare)
44
08
Tool length offset
15
(Spare)
45
00
Tool position offset increase
11.6
16
(Spare)
46
00
Tool position offset decrease
11.6
17
02
Plane selection X-Y
12.8
47
00
Tool position offset 2-fold increase
11.6
18
02
Plane selection Z-X
12.8
48
00
Tool position offset 2-fold decrease
11.6
19
02
Plane selection Y-Z
12.8
49
08
Tool length offset cancel
11.1
Inch command
4.2
50
11
Scaling cancel
13.15
51
11
Scaling ON
13.15
20
06
21
06
Metric command
4.2
22
04
Stroke check before movement ON
15.1
50.1
19
Mirror image cancel
13.5
23
04
Stroke check before movement OFF
15.1
51.1
19
Mirror image ON
13.5
24
(Spare)
52
00
Local coordinate system setting
12.4
25
(Spare)
53
00
Machine coordinate system setting
12.2
26
(Spare)
54
12
Workpiece coordinate system 1 selection
12.3
55
12
12.3
27
00
Reference point verification
12.11
28
00
Reference point return
12.9
56
12
12.3
29
00
Start point return
12.9
57
12
12.3
30
00
2nd to 4th reference point return
12.10
58
12
12.3
14.1
59
12
12.3
12
Workpiece coordinate system

(expansion) selection
12.3
54.1
60
00
Unidirectional positioning
6.2
31
00
Skip
31.1
00
Multi-step skip 1
31.2
00
Multi-step skip 2
14.2
14.2
22
5.1 List of G Commands
G code Group
Function
ReferG code Group

ence
61
13
Exact stop check mode
61.1
13
High-accuracy control mode
13.21
High-accuracy control for die machining

(CAM data)
13.22
61.2
13
61.3
13
(height data)
Function
90
03
Absolute value command
91
03
Incremental value command
Reference
4.1
4.1
12.6
92
00
Machine coordinate system setting
13.22
93
05
Inverse time feed
7.5
94
05
Asynchronous feed (feed per minute)
7.3
95
05
Synchronous feed (feed per rotation)
7.4
61.5
13
High-accuracy control for part machining
13.23
62
13
Automatic corner override
13.20
13.19
98
10
Fixed cycle
Initial level return
13.3
99
10
Fixed cycle
R point level return
13.3
64
13
Cutting mode
65
00
User macro
Simple call
13.7
66
14
User macro
Modal call A
13.7
66.1
14
User macro
Modal call B
13.7
67
14
User macro
Modal call cancel
13.7
68
16
Coordinate rotation ON
13.11
69
16
Coordinate rotation cancel
13.11
70
User fixed cycle
71
User fixed cycle
72
User fixed cycle
73
09
Fixed cycle (step)
13.3
74
09
Fixed cycle (reverse step)
13.3
09
Fixed cycle (fine boring)
75
76
User fixed cycle
77
User fixed cycle
78
User fixed cycle
79
User fixed cycle
13.3
80
09
Fixed cycle cancel
13.3
81
09
Fixed cycle (drill/spot drill)
13.3
82
09
Fixed cycle (drill/counter-boring)
13.3
83
09
Fixed cycle (deep hole drilling)
13.3
84
09
Fixed cycle (tap)
7.6
85
09
Fixed cycle (boring)
13.3
86
09
13.3
87
09
Fixed cycle (back boring)
13.3
88
09
13.3
89
09
13.3
23
6. POSITIONING AND INTERPOLATION FUNCTIONS

6.1 Positioning; G00

6.1
Positioning; G00
(1) Outline
This command is a function that sets the current point as the start point, and carries out
high-speed positioning commanded with the movement command value in the program at the
rapid traverse rate.
(2) Command format
G00
Xx1
Yy1
Zz1 ; (simultaneously with additional axis A, B, C, U, V and W also possible)

(x1, y1, z1 are numerical values indicating position data)
Positioning operation at the rapid traverse rate is carried out by the commands above. The path
takes the shortest distance in a straight line toward the end point.
Refer to the section on "Rapid traverse rate" for details on the NC rapid traverse rate.
Because the actual rapid traverse rate differs according to the machine, refer to the machine
specifications.
(a) The rapid traverse rate can be set independently for each axis with the parameters.
(b) The number of axes that can be simultaneously driven depends on the specifications (number
of simultaneous control axes). Axis combination within that range is random.
(c) Once this command has been issued, the G00 mode is retained until it is changed by another
G function (the G01, G02 or G03, etc.) in the 01 group is issued. If the next command is G00,
all that is required is simply to specify the coordinate words.
(d) Acceleration and deceleration are constantly carried out at the start and end of the program
command block. The in-position status is confirmed before advancing to the next block. Set
the in-position width in the parameters.
(e) Any G function (G72 to G89) in the 09 group is cancelled (G80) by the G00 command.
(f) The feedrate is controlled to the shortest time, in a range not exceeding the rapid traverse rate
of each axis. (Interpolation type)
The axis can also be moved at the respective rapid traverse rate of each independent axis,
using parameter settings. In this case, the path is not a straight line toward the end point.
(Non-interpolation type)
The positioning time does not change in either case.
(g) When no number following the G address, this is treated as G00.
(Example)
Interpolation type (movement in a straight
line to the end point)
(Example)
Non-interpolation type (each axis moves at
the rate of the respective parameter)
G00 G91 X100. Y100. ;

Y
G00 G91 X100. Y100. ;

X
End point
End point
100.
100.
Current position
Current position
100.
100.
24

6.2 Unidirectional Positioning; G60
6.2
Unidirectional Positioning; G60
(1) Outline
Final positioning is always carried out by the G60 command in the one direction specified in the
parameters.
Positioning excluding backlash can be carried out.
(2) Command format
G60
Xx1
Yy1
Zz1 ; (simultaneously with additional axis A, B, C, U, V and W also possible)

(x1, y1, z1 are numerical values indicating position data)
With the above command, the tool moves by rapid traverse rate from the final position to a position
separated only by the unidirectional positioning shift amount (parameter setting), and then moves
further to the final position and completes the positioning.
Refer to the section on "Rapid traverse rate" for details on the NC rapid traverse rate.
Because the actual rapid traverse rate differs according to the machine, refer to the machine
specifications.
Final positioning is as follows. (When final positioning is in the + direction)

(a) The unidirectional positioning shift amount for the final positioning as well as the final
positioning direction is set in parameters.
(b) After the tool has moved at the rapid traverse rate to the position separated from the final
position by an amount equivalent to the unidirectional positioning shift amount, it moves to the
final position in accordance with the rapid traverse setting where its positioning is completed.
(c) The above positioning operation is performed even when Z-axis commands have been
designated for Z-axis cancel and machine lock. (Display only)
(d) When the mirror image function is ON, the tool will move in the opposite direction as far as the
middle position due to the mirror image function but the unidirectional positioning shift amount
operation during its final advance will not be affected by mirror image.
(e) The tool moves to the end point at the dry run speed during dry run when the G0 dry run
function is valid.
(f) Feed during unidirectional positioning shift amount movement with final positioning can be
stopped by resetting, emergency stop, interlock, feed hold and rapid traverse override zero.
(g) The tool moves over the unidirectional positioning shift amount at the rapid traverse setting.
Rapid traverse override is valid.
(h) Unidirectional positioning is not performed for the hole drilling axis during hole drilling fixed
cycles.
(i) Unidirectional positioning is not performed for shift amount movements during the fine boring
or back boring fixed cycle.
(j) Normal positioning is performed for axes whose unidirectional positioning shift amount has not
been set by parameters.
(k) Unidirectional positioning is always a non-interpolation type of positioning.
(l) When the same position (movement amount of zero) has been commanded, the tool moves
back and forth over the unidirectional positioning shift amount and is positioned at its original
position from the final advance direction.
25

6.2 Unidirectional Positioning; G60
(m) During high-accuracy control, the unidirectional positioning operation is also carried out with
acceleration/deceleration before interpolation.
(Example)
1. Each of the axis rapid traverse
rates is a value set in the
parameters as the G00 speed.
2. The vector speed to the middle
point is a value composed of the
respective speeds and distances.
3. The unidirectional positioning
shift amount of the distance
between the middle point and end
point is set independently for
each axis in the parameters.
G60 G91 X100. Y100. ;

Endpoint
point
End
Y100.
Current position
Current
position
X100.
(4) Notes
(a) The program error "PR0061" will occur if G60 is commanded in an NC not provided with this
specification.
26

6.3 Linear Interpolation; G01
6.3
Linear Interpolation; G01
(1) Outline
This command is accompanied by coordinate words and a feedrate command. It makes the tool
move (interpolate) linearly from its current position to the end point specified by the coordinate
words at the cutting feedrate specified by address F. In this case, the feedrate specified by
address F always acts as a linear speed in the tool nose center advance direction.
(2) Command format
G01
Xx1
Yy1
Zz1
Ff1 ; (simultaneously with additional axis A, B, C, U, V and W also

possible)
(x1, y1, z1 are numerical values indicating position data, f1 is a
numerical value indicating speed data.)
Linear interpolation is carried out by the commands above at the f1 speed. The path takes the
shortest distance in a straight line toward the end point.
The NC f1 command value is a maximum 480m/min (when the input unit is 0.001mm), however
this will differ according to the machine, so refer to the machine specifications.
(a) Once this command is issued, this mode is maintained until another G function (G00, G02,
G03, G33, etc.) in the 01 group which changes the G01 mode is issued. Therefore, if the next
command is also G01 and if the feedrate is the same, all that is required is to specify the
coordinate words.
(b) The feedrate of the rotation axis is commanded in /min (decimal point position unit ) or /rev
(per spindle rotation). (F300 = 300 /min)
(c) The G functions (G72 to G89) in the 09 group are cancelled (G80) by the G01 command.
(Example)
G01 G91 X100. Y100. F120 ;
1. The cutting feedrate becomes the

command to the vector direction.
2. The composite speed of each axis
becomes the proportional allocation
of the respective command values.
End point
Feedrate
120mm/min
100.
(85mm/min)
Current position
100. (85mm/min)
(d) The number of axes that can be simultaneously commanded depends on the specifications
(number of simultaneous control axes). Axis combination within that range is random.
(e) The feedrate is controlled so as not to exceed the cutting feedrate clamp.
If linear axis and rotation axis are commanded in the same block, this is regarded as a linear
axis using degree () (1 = 1mm) units, and linear interpolation is carried out.
(4) Notes
(a) The program error (PR0062) will occur if an F command is not issued in the first G01
command.
27
6.4
6.4

Circular Interpolation (designating center/radius); G02/G03
(1) Outline
(a) I, J and K designation circular interpolation
Using the movement command value issued in the program, this function moves the tool in an
arc on the plane selected by the plane selection G code.
(b) R-designated circular interpolation
In addition to the arc center coordinate designation by the I, J and K of the previous item, this
function can also issue arc commands by directly designating the arc radius.
(2) Command format
G02/G03
Xx1
Arc rotation
direction
End point
coordinate
value
Yy1
Ii1
Jj1
Ff1 ; (additional axis A, B, C, U, V and W possible)
Arc center Feedrate

value

In addition to the arc center coordinate designation by the I, J and K of the previous item, this
function can also issue arc commands by directly designating the arc radius.
G02/G03
Xx1
Arc rotation
direction
End point
coordinate
value
Yy1
Rr1
Ff1 ; (additional axis A, B, C, U, V and W possible)
Arc
Feedrate
radius

1) G02 (or G03) is held until another G command (G00, G01 or G33) in the 01 group that
changes this mode is issued.
2) Circular interpolation operations are carried out at the f1 rate by the commands above. The
path is toward the end point, following an arc path centered at the position designated by
distance i (X axis direction) and distance j (Y axis direction) in respect to the start point.
3) The following information is necessary to carry out circular interpolation.
a. Plane selection
The arc plane is designated by G17, G18 and G19.
G18
G03
G02
G17 XY plane
G18 ZX plane
G19 YZ plane
G03
The arc plane always follows G17, G18 and G19.

An alarm occurs if two addresses that do not match
the plane are commanded.
The axes that configure the plane can be
designated in the parameters. Refer to the section
on plane selection.
b. Rotation direction
The arc rotation direction is designated by G02 or
G03.
G02
G03
G17
Clockwise (CW)
Counterclockwise (CCW)
28
G02
X
G19
G02
G03
Y
6.4

c. Arc end point coordinates

Issued by addresses X, Y and Z. Absolute value and incremental value combined use
possible.
d. Arc center coordinates
Issued by addresses I, J and K. Absolute value and incremental value combined use
possible.
It is best to command with decimal points attached.
e. Feedrate
Issued by address F.
4) Notes related to circular interpolation
a. In arc operations, clockwise (G02) and counterclockwise (G03) are defined as: In a
right-hand coordinate system, looking in the minus direction from the plus direction of
the coordinate axis that is perpendicular to the target plane.
b. If the end point coordinates are all omitted, or the end point and start point are in the
same position, commanding the center using I, J and K is the same as commanding a
360 arc (perfect circle).
c. When the R command, and the I, J and K commands are omitted from the arc block, the
program error "PR0071 Can't calculate arc center" will occur.
By setting the parameter (#110136 CIR to G1 no CENT OP), linear interpolation can be
applied up to only the end point coordinate value of that block. Note that the modal is an
arc modal.
5) (Example)
Examples of a 1/4 circle, half circle, 3/4 circle and perfect circle are given.
6)
(1) G02 X100. Y100. I100.
End point
1/4 circle
(3) G02 X100. Y-100. I100.
End point
3/4 circle
Y100.
Start point
X100.
I100.
X100.
I100.
(2) G02 X200. Y0. I100.
Start point
End point
Half circle
Y-100.
(4) G02 X0 Y0 I100.
End point
Perfect circle
X200.
X0 Y0
Start point
I100.
Start point
I100.
a. The axes that can be simultaneously commanded are the two axes of the selected
plane.
b. The feedrate is constantly controlled to be a rate that follows the circumference.
c. Circular interpolation can be commanded within a 360 rotation.
d. The maximum radius value can be designated up to six digits above the decimal point.
29
6.4


1) G02 (or G03) is held until another G command (G00, G01 or G33) in the 01 group that
changes this mode is issued.
2)
a. The arc rotation direction is designated by G02 or G03.
b. The arc plane is designated by G17, G18 and G19.
The arc plane always follows G17, G18 and G19. The alarm (PR0070) occurs if two
addresses that do not match the plane are commanded.
c. The arc center is on the perpendicular line that bisects the line segment connecting the
start and end points. The intersection of the arc center and the designated radius circle
that has the start point as its center is the center coordinate of the arc command.
d. The symbol of the command program R value is an arc command of 180 or less for the
plus direction, and an arc command exceeding 180 for the minus direction.
(Example 1)
(Example 2)
G02 G91 X100. Y100. R-100. F120 ;
G02 G91 X100. Y100. R100. F120 ;

Y
Arc end point

coordinates
(X, Y)
Feedrate
120mm/min
Arc end point

coordinates
(X, Y)
R100.
Feedrate
120mm/min
Current position (Arc start point)
Current position (Arc start point)

X
The axes that can be simultaneously commanded are the two axes of the selected plane.
The feedrate is constantly controlled to be a speed that follows the circumference.
The following conditions are necessary in R-designated circular interpolation commands.
L/2 r
The alarm (PR0071) occurs if L/2r > (parameter: Arc error).
L: Straight line segment from the start point to the end point
3)
Notes
a. When R-designation and I, J and K designation are simultaneously designated in the
same block, arc command by the R designation is given priority.
b. For perfect circle commands (start point and end point match), if an R-designated arc
command is issued, it is instantly completed and there is no operation. Therefore, use I,
J and K designation arc commands.
c. When the R command, and the I, J and K commands are omitted from the arc block, the
program error "PR0071 Can't calculate arc center" will occur.
By setting the parameter (#110136 CIR to G1 no CENT OP), linear interpolation can be
applied up to only the end point coordinate value of that block. Note that the modal is an
arc modal.
30

6.5 Hypothetical Axis Interpolation; G07
6.5
Hypothetical Axis Interpolation; G07
(1) Outline
By having one of the circular interpolation axes with spiral interpolation or with helical interpolation
including the linear axis as the hypothetical axis (the axis which does not actually move) and by
distributing the pulses, it is possible to provide interpolation (sine or cosine interpolation) in which
the helical or spiral interpolation is viewed from the side (hypothetical axis). G07 is the command
which sets the hypothetical axis.
(2) Command format
G07
G07
X0 ; (X axis command cancel ON)

X1 ; (X axis command cancel OFF)
The designation of the axis to carry out axis command cancel is applicable to all of the NC axes.
(a) Helical interpolation and spiral interpolation are the interpolation functions which can be used
for hypothetical axis interpolation.
(b) The "" axis in the "G070 ; to G071 ;" program commands is the hypothetical axis.
Consequently, when the "" axis is commanded separately between these program
commands, the dwell state is established until the pulse distribution to the hypothetical axis is
completed.
(c) The hypothetical axis is valid only with automatic operation; it is not valid with manual
operation.
(d) The protection functions (such as interlock and stored stroke limit) are also valid for the
hypothetical axis.
(e) Handle interrupt is valid for the hypothetical axis as well. The axis will move by an amount
equivalent to the handle interrupt.
(f)
Example G07 Z0 ;
Y
G18
G02
X50.
Z0.
Y100.
K30.
P3 ;
To carry out hypothetical axis interpolation, it is necessary to combine and add helical
interpolation.
31

6.6 Cylindrical Interpolation; G07.1
6.6
Cylindrical Interpolation; G07.1
(1) Outline
The cylindrical interpolation function is for machining the side face of a cylindrical workpiece.
Because programming can be carried out on the plane developed on the cylinder side face,
cylinder groove machining programs can be easily created.
(2) Command format

G07. 1 Cc1 ; Cylinder interpolation mode ON
G07. 1 C0
; Cylinder interpolation mode cancel
C is the rotation axis name, c1 is the cylinder radius.
Z
r
90
180
270
360
The rotation axis movement amount commanded in angle is converted internally in the CNC to the
linear axis distance on the circumference. After conversion, linear and circular interpolation are
carried out between the other axes. After interpolation, the linear axis distance is converted back
into the rotation axis movement amount.

(a) Cylindrical interpolation commands cannot be issued in the same block as other G commands.
(An error will occur).
(b) The direction of the rotation axis can be set in the parameters.
(c) Feedrate designation
In the cylindrical interpolation mode, the commanded feedrate is the rate of the axis on the
plane that developed the cylinder side face.
(d) Clamp speed designation
During the cylindrical interpolation mode, this is the speed on the cylindrical expansion plane
proportional to the angle speed.
32

(e) Circular interpolation (G02, G03)

1) Plane selection
The plane selection setting will not return to the previous setting even if the cylindrical
interpolation mode is canceled.
(Example) To carry out circular interpolation with Z axis and C axis
Set the C axis for the machining parameter parallel axis 1I (X axis parallel axis).
The circular interpolation command at this time is as follows:
G18 Z0 C0;
G02/03 Z25 C90 R10 ;
The C axis can also be used for the machining parameter parallel axis 1J (Y axis
parallel axis).
Note that in this case, the circular interpolation command is as follows:
G19 C0 Z0;
G02/03 Z25 C90 R10;
2) Radius designation
The radius command can be designated with the R designation or the I, J designation.
Note that the R unit and the rotation axis side plane I, J unit must be designated as the
length on the expansion plane.
(f) Radius compensation
To carry out radius compensation in the cylindrical interpolation mode, command the plane
selection in the same manner as circular interpolation.
However, carry out startup and cancel in the cylindrical interpolation mode when carrying out
radius compensation.
If the radius compensation is valid, correct compensation will not be carried out when the
cylindrical interpolation mode is set.
(g) Positioning
An error will occur if positioning (including commands that create rapid traverse cycles, such
as G28 and G80 to G89) is carried out in the cylindrical interpolation mode. Note that only G0
rapid traverse is possible.
Set the mode to cylindrical interpolation cancel mode when positioning.
(h) Coordinate system setting
The workpiece coordinate system (G92, G54 to G59) and local coordinate system (G52)
cannot be commanded in the cylindrical interpolation mode.
(i) The cylindrical interpolation (G07.1) cannot be commanded in the positioning mode (G00).
(j) The fixed cycle cannot be commanded in the cylindrical interpolation mode.
(k) Rotation axis control parameters
Only the rotary-type rotation axis can be designated as the rotation axis for cylindrical
interpolation.
(l) Inch inputs are not possible.
When initial inch is set, the cylindrical interpolation mode will not be entered. (It will be
ignored.)
(m) Restart search
When restart search to a block in the cylindrical interpolation mode is carried out, the error
"OPW0133 Restart Search Error $1" will occur.
(n) Reset modal retaining
The modal information of the cylindrical interpolation mode is not retained at NC reset. Even If
resetting is applied in the cylindrical interpolation mode with retaining modal at NC reset valid,
the cylindrical interpolation mode will turn OFF.
33

(4) Notes
(a) The cylindrical interpolation mode cannot be set again during the cylindrical interpolation
mode. To set the mode again, cancel the cylindrical interpolation mode once.
(b) One rotation axis can be simultaneously interpolated. Thus, two or more rotation axes cannot
be commanded with the G07.1 command.
(c) During the cylindrical interpolation mode, the movement amount of the rotation axis
commanded as an angle is converted into a distance on the circumference once. Then, after
carrying out the linear and circular interpolation operations between the other axes, the
amount is reconverted into an angle.
Thus, if the cylinder radius is small, etc., the actual movement amount may differ from the
commanded value. Note that the error at this time is not cumulated.
Actual movement amount =
MOVE (Command value 2 2 )

MOVE
2 2
MOVE : Movement amount per rotation axis rotation (parameter)

r
: Workpiece radius
()
: Rounded off with minimum setting unit
34

6.7 Helical Interpolation; G02/G03
6.7
Helical Interpolation; G02/G03
(1) Outline
With orthogonal three axes, it is possible for the 3rd axis to carry out linear interpolation
synchronized with the rotation of the arc, while the circular interpolation is simultaneously carried
out by the G02/G03 commands on the plane selected by the plane selection G code (G17, G18,
G19).
(2) Command format
G02/G03
G17
Arc plane
Arc rotation
direction
Xx1
Yy1
Arc end point

coordinates
Zz1
Ii1
Linear axis
end point
Jj1
Pp1
Arc center
coordinates
Ff1
Number
of
pitches
Feedrate
Or
G02/G03
G17
Arc plane
Arc rotation
direction
Xx2
Yy2
Arc end point

coordinates
Zz2
Rr2
Ff2
Linear axis
end point
Arc
radius
Feedrate
The arc center coordinates and radius should be commanded with a decimal point.
(Example)
G91 G17 G02 X0. Y200. Z100. I-100. J100. F120 ;
Z
Command program path

Y
End
point
End
point
X
W
J100
Start
point
I-100
Start
point
Projected path of the

command program XY plane
(a) Command a linear axis (or a multiple number of axes) not including the arc axis for the circular
interpolation command.
(b) Command the combined speed of the X, Y and Z axis components for the feedrate F.
(c) Pitch L is determined from the following formula:
L = z1/ ( (2 p1 + )/2)
= e s = arctan (ye/xe) arctan (ys/xs)
(0 < 2)
Where, xs and ys are the coordinates of the start point

xe and ye are the coordinates of the end point
(d) Address P may be omitted when the pitch number is 0.
(e) The command range for pitch number P is 0 to 9999.
(f) The pitch number (P command) cannot be designated using an R-designated arc.
35

6.7 Helical Interpolation; G02/G03
(g) Plane selection

The selection of the arc plane for helical interpolation is determined by the plane selection
mode and axis addresses, as is the case for circular interpolation. The basic method of
commanding helical interpolation is to command an circular interpolation plane with a plane
selection G code (G17, G18, G19) and to command two axes for circular interpolation and the
addresses of the 3 axes for linear interpolation (axis perpendicular to the arc plane).
XY plane arc, Z axis line
Command the addresses of the 3 axes X, Y and Z in the G02 (G03) mode and G17 (plane
selection G code) mode.
ZX plane arc, Y axis line
Command the addresses of the 3 axes Z, X and Y in the G02 (G03) mode and G18 (plane
YZ plane arc, Z axis line
Command the addresses of the 3 axes Y, Z and X in the G02 (G03) mode and G19 (plane
Plane selection of an additional axis can also be carried out, as is the case for circular
interpolation.
UY plane arc, Z axis line
Command the addresses of the 3 axes U, Y and Z in the G02 (G03) mode and G17 (plane
In addition to the above basic command methods, the command methods given after the
following program examples are available. Refer to the section on "Plane selection" for the arc
planes selected with these command methods.
(h) The axis combination that can be simultaneously commanded depends on the specifications.
The combination within that range is random.
(i) The feedrate is constantly controlled to be a speed that follows the circumference.
36

6.8 Spiral Interpolation; G02.1/G03.1
6.8
Spiral Interpolation; G02.1/G03.1
(1) Outline
This function carries out interpolation that smoothly joins the start and end points in a spiral. This
interpolation is carried out for arc commands such as those in which the start point and end point
are not on the same circumference.
(2) Command format
G17
Rotation
plane
G02.1/G03.1
Arc rotation
direction
Xx1
Yy1
Ii1
End point coordinates
Jj1
Pp1
Arc center value
Ff1
Number
of pitches
Feedrate
Circular interpolation operations are carried out at the f1 speed by the commands above.
The path is toward the end point, following a spiral arc path centered at the position designated by
distance i (X axis direction) and distance j (Y axis direction) in respect to the start point.
The arc plane is designated by G17, G18 and G19.
G17 XY plane
G18 ZX plane
G19 YZ plane
The arc rotation direction is designated by G02.1 or G03.1.
G02.1 Clockwise (CW)
G03.1 Counterclockwise (CCW)
P: This designates the number of pitches (rotation speed).
p1 = 0 is less than one rotation and can be omitted.
p1 = 1 is more than one rotation and less than two rotations.
The command range is from 0 to 9999.
F: Tool path direction speed
(a) The arc rotation direction G02.1 is the same as G02, and G03.1 is the same as G03.
(b) There are no R-designated arcs in spiral interpolation.
(c) Conical cutting, tapered thread-cutting and other such machining operations can be conducted
by changing the start point and end point radius and commanding the linear axis
sumultaneously.
(d) Normally the spiral interpolation is automatically enabled with the arc commands (G02, G03)
when the difference between the start point radius and the end point radius is less than the
parameter setting value.
(e) (Example)
Y
G91 G17 G01 X60. F500 ;

Y140. ;
G2.1 X60. Y0 I100. P1 F300 ;
G01 X120 ;
G90
G17 G01 X60. F500 ;
Y140. ;
G2.1 X120. Y140. I100.
G01 X0 ;
End
point
140.
Center
Start
point
X60.
P1
F300 ;
I100.
W
60.
160.
(f) The axis combination that can be simultaneously commanded depends on the specifications.
The combination within that range is random.
(g) The feedrate is the constant tangential speed.
(h) Simultaneous control by combining with tool radius compensation (G41, G42) is not possible.
37

6.8 Spiral Interpolation; G02.1/G03.1
(i) The arc plane always follows G17, G18 and G19. The plane arc control is carried out by G17,
G18 and G19, even if designated by two addresses that do not match the plane.
(Example)
G91 G17 G01 X60. F500 ;
Y140. ;
G2.1 X60.0 Z100.0 I100. P1
G01
Because this is the G17 plane, arc control

is not carried out by X-Z.
Arc control is carried out by X-Y.
F300 ;
X120 ;
(j) When an axis designation other than the

spiral interpolation plane is simultaneously
designated, other axes are also interpolated
in
synchronization
with
the
spiral
interpola-tion.
XY
plane
X
W
(Example)
G17 G91 G2.1 X100. Z150. I150. P3
F500 ;
In these examples, the interpolation is
truncated cone interpolation.
38
XZ
plane
X
W

6.9 NURBS Interpolation; G06.2
6.9
NURBS Interpolation; G06.2
(1) Outline
NURBS interpolation is an interpolation function that operates the command output in the NURBS
format from the CAD/CAM directly with the NURBS definition in the CNC.
Directly exponential interpolation of a free line defined with the NURBS format in the CAD/CAM is
possible without developing the curve into fine segments, so a very smooth interpolation path is
achieved.
The shape of the NURBS curve can be flexibly controlled with the number of stages, control point,
weight and knot vector. The shape can be freely edited by changing the control point position,
changing the weight, and by changing the relative interval between each knot of the knot vector.
However, generally manual editing is usually impossible, and a dedicated CAD/CAM system, etc.,
must be used to edit the NURBS curve or generate the NURBS interpolation program.
Manually editing the NURBS interpolation program generated with a CAD/CAM system, etc., is
not recommended.
(2) Command format
G06.2
Pp
Kk
NURBS
interpolation
ON
Number
of stages
(can be
omitted)
Knot
Kk
Xx
Yy
Zz
Control point
coordinate
value
Xx
Rr
Control point
weight
(can be
omitted)
Ff
Interpolation speed
(can be omitted)
Yy Zz
:
:
The NURBS interpolation mode is entered with the G06.2 command. The number of stages, the
control point coordinate value, the control point weight and the knot to determine the NURBS
curve shape are commanded in succession.
(a) G06.2 belongs to the G code group 1. The G06.2 mode is entered when NURBS
interpolation is commanded. When turning the NURBS interpolation OFF (canceling the
interpolation), and not issuing a NURBS interpolation command in succession, issue another
group 1 command (G0, G1, etc.). The NURBS interpolation mode is not held when either
initializing or retaining the modal at NC reset. (Initialization is carried out following the control
parameter #320004 Initial G00.)
(b) When turning NURBS interpolation ON immediately after turning NURBS interpolation OFF,
the G06.2 code can be omitted. Note that in this case, the number of stages P and
interpolation speed F cannot be commanded.
(c) P indicates the number of stages in the NURBS curve. When the number of stages is m,
NURBS curve is a (m-1) dimension curve. The P setting value is 2, 3, or 4. Any other value
will cause an error. If the setting is omitted, the default value 4 will be set. Designate the
number of stages in the first block (same block as G06.2 command).
The NURBS curve will be as follow according to the value set for the number of stages P.
P2 ... Linear (one-dimension curve)
P3 ... Two-dimension curve
P4 ... Three-dimension curve
(d) X, Y and Z indicate the coordinate values of the control point, and R indicates the weight of
the control point. The weight is unique to each control point, and is commanded in the same
block as the control point coordinate values. If the weight is omitted, the default value 1.0 will
be set. When a large weight is set, the NURBS curve will be generated closer to the control
point, and when a small weight is set, the NURBS curve will be farther from the control point.
39

(e) K indicates the knots. When the a number of stages is m and the number of control points is
n, the NURBS curve reguires (n+m) knots. The arrangement of these (n+m) knots is called
the knot vector. To command the knot vector, command the first knot simultaneously with the
first control point, the second knot simultaneously with the second control point and following
as a pair in one block. After commanding the blocks for the number of control points (n),
command the remaining m knots in the independent blocks respectively. The number of
control points is identified by these blocks containing only knots, so the control point does not
need to be commanded. NURBS interpolation is completed when the blocks containing only
knots are commanded for the number of stages.
(f) The command range of the number of stages, weight and knots is as follows.
Meaning
Address
Range
Number of digits valid

after decimal point
Number of stages
2, 3, 4
Weight
0.0001 to 99.9999
Knot
214748 to 214748
(4) Notes
(a) NURBS interpolation cannot be commanded for a rotary-type rotation axis. An error will occur
if commanded.
(b) Command the control point for the axis (X, Y or Z) carrying out NURBS interpolation with the
control point in the first block (G06.2 block). If an axis not commanded in the first block is
commanded in the second and following blocks, an alarm will occur.
(c) The first control point (G06.2 block coordinate value) should be commanded as the start point
of the NURBS curve. Thus, command so that it matches the end point of the previous block.
An alarm will occur if the points do not match.
(d) The command range of the weight is 0.0001 to 99.9999. Even if the decimal point is omitted,
the value will be handled as a value with a decimal point.
If "1" is commanded, the result will be the same as "1.0".
(e) The knot cannot be omitted, and must be commanded in each block. An alarm will occur if
omitted.
(f) As with the weight, up to four digits after the decimal point can be commanded for the knot.
However, even if the decimal point is omitted, the value will be handled as a value with a
decimal point.
(g) Command the knot with a monotone increment. If the value is smaller than the previous block,
an alarm will occur.
(h) There is no particular order to command the addresses.
(i) During single block operation, the operation will stop at the position corresponding to that
block's knot of the NURBS curve shape instead of the control point.
40

(5) Program example

An example of a program with four stages (three-dimension curve) and seven control points is
shown below.
Control point :
Knot vector
P0
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
[0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0]
:
:
:
G90 G01 X0 Y120. F3000 ;
P0
Y100. ;
P1
..................... P0
G6.2 P4 X0 Y100. R1. K0 ;

Interpolation path
....... P0
X10. Y100. R1. K0 ;
................... P1
X10. Y60. R1. K0 ;
................... P2
X60. Y50. R1. K0 ;
................... P3
X80. Y60. R1. K1.;
................... P4
X100. Y40. R1. K2. ;
................... P5
X100. Y0 R1. K3. ;
................... P6
Program command
P4
P2
P3
P5
K4. ;
K4. ;
K4. ;
K4. ;
P6
P7
41
G01 X120. ;
:
:
:
.......................... P7

6.10 Thread Cutting; G33
6.10
Thread cutting; G33
(1) Outline
The thread cutting command (G33) enables thread cutting with a commanded number of thread
leads or number of ridges per inch. When the leads are designated, the command value unit is
[mm/rev] or [inch/rev], but the unit is always [ridges/inch] when designating the number of ridges.
Multiple thread screws, etc., can also be machined by designating the thread cutting start angle (0
to 360).
(a) Uniform lead thread cutting (lead designation)
The tool feed is controlled in synchronization with the spindle rotation using the synchronization
signal from the spindle encoder as the base, and the designated lead threads are cut. This
makes it possible to conduct constant-lead straight thread-cutting and tapered thread-cutting.
(b) Inch thread cutting (number of ridge designation)
If the number of ridges per inch in the long axis direction is assigned, the feed of the tool
synchronized with the spindle rotation will be controlled, which means that constant-lead
straight thread-cutting and tapered thread-cutting can be performed.
(c) Continuous thread cutting
When the lead or shape changes during the threads, continuous thread cutting can be
realized by commanding thread cutting commands in succession.
(2) Command format
(a) Constant lead thread cutting (lead designation)
G33
Zz1
Ff1
Qq1
Thread
command
Thread end
point
Thread lead
Shift angle
Zz1 :
Ff1 :
Qq1 :
(Normal lead thread cutting commands)
Thread cutting direction axis address (X, Y, Z, ) and thread length

Lead of long axis (axis which moves most) direction.
Thread cutting start shift angle (0 to 360)
G33
Zz1
Ee1
Qq1
Thread
command
Thread end
point
Thread lead
Shift angle
Zz1 :
Ee1 :
Qq1 :
; (Precision lead thread cutting commands)

Lead of long axis (axis which moves most) direction.

G33
Zz1
Ee1
Qq1
Thread
command
Thread end
point
Number of
threads
Shift angle
Zz1 :
Ee1 :
Qq1 :

Number of ridges per inch in direction of long axis (axis which moves most)
(decimal point command can also be assigned)

(a) Uniform lead thread cutting (lead designation)
1)
By using the E command, the leads can be commanded in a smaller unit than the F
command.
The E command is also used to command the number of ridges for inch thread cutting,
but it can also be used to designate the precision leads by turning the control parameter
"Precision thrd cut E" ON.
42

2)
Tapered threads can be machined by commanding several axis addresses.

In this case, the lead in the long axis direction is commanded.
Z
N1
a
Lz
N2 (Tapered thread section)
N3
X
Lx
When a<45 lead is LZ
When a>45 lead is LX
When a=45 lead can be in either LX or LZ
3)
Thread lead command range

Metric command
4)
Inch command
Min. setting unit

(mm)
Lead command range

(mm/rev)
Min. setting unit

(inch)
Lead command range

(inch/rev)
0.001
E command
0.00001 to 999.99999
0.0001
E command
0.0000001 to 9.9999999
F command
0.0001 to 999.9999
F command
0.000001 to 99.999999
Thread lead command unit

(FA on the Modal Display screen is not updated)
Metric command
5)
Inch command
Min. setting unit

(mm)
Lead command range

(mm/rev)
Min. setting unit

(inch)
Lead command range

(inch/rev)
0.001
E command
E1=0.00001
(E1.=1.00000)
0.0001
E command
E1=0.0000001
(E1.=1.0000000)
F command
F1=0.0001
(F1.=1.0000)
F command
F1=0.000001
(F1.=1.000000)
Shift angle command unit

Metric command
Inch command
Min. setting unit ()
Shift angle command

unit ()
Min. setting unit ()
Shift angle command unit ()
1.
Q1=0.001 (Q1.=1.000)
1.
Q1=0.0001 (Q1.=1.0000)
Q command
Q command
Command the shift angle as an integer between 0 and 360. Decimal values will be
ignored even if commanded.
6)
The spindle speed should be kept constant throughout from the rough cutting until the
finishing.
7)
If the feed hold function is employed during thread cutting to stop the feed, the thread
ridges will lose their shape. For this reason, feed hold does not function during thread
cutting.
If the feed hold switch is pressed during thread cutting, block stop will result at the end
point of the next movement block that does not contain thread cutting.
(The "Auto operation pause signal ON" warning will not appear.)
8)
When thread cutting is started, the feedrate determined by the lead and spindle rotation
speed and the cutting feed clamp speed will be compared. If the speed exceeds the
cutting feed clamp speed, an error will occur.
9)
In order to protect the lead during thread cutting, an actual feedrate may sometimes
exceed the cutting feed clamp rate.
43

10) An illegal lead is normally produced at the start of the thread cutting and at the end of
that because of servo system delay and other such factors.
Therefore, it is necessary to command a thread length which is determined by adding
the illegal lead lengths to the required thread length.
11) The spindle speed is subject to the following restriction:
1 R Maximum feedrate
Thread lead
Where R Permissible speed of encoder (r/min)
R = Spindle speed (r/min)
Thread lead = mm or inches
Maximum feedrate = mm/min or inch/mm
(this is subject to the restrictions imposed by the machine specifications).
12) Spindle override is invalid during thread cutting, and will be fixed to 100% regardless of
the external signal. If thread cutting is executed when an override value other than 100%
is selected, the 100% override will be applied during thread cutting. The selected
override value will be applied when thread cutting is completed.
13) Single block is invalid during thread cutting. Block stop will be applied at the end point of
the next movement block that does not contain thread cutting.
14) If the operation mode is changed during execution of G33, block stop will be applied at
the end point of the next movement block that does not contain thread cutting.
15) The thread cutting command waits for the single rotation sync signal of the rotary
encoder and starts movement. Note that when using multiple systems, if a system issues
the thread cutting command while another system is executing thread cutting, movement
will start without waiting for the rotary encoder single rotation sync signal. This will cause
the thread ridges to deviate, so do not issue the thread cutting command when using
multiple systems.
16) Thread cutting is executed in synchronization with the spindle selected with the R
register (R1839: command spindle selection). Note that if multiple spindles are selected,
the spindle with the smallest number will be used as the thread cutting spindle.
(Example 1) When the R1839 value is "4" (bit 2 is set to 1) The 3rd spindle will be
the thread cutting spindle.
(Example 2) When the R1839 value is "5" (bit 0 and bit 2 are set to 1) The 1st
spindle will be used as the thread cutting spindle.
1)
Number of thread ridge command range (The direction with the most movement is used
as the reference)
Metric command
2)
Inch command
Command unit
(mm)
Number of ridge command

range (ridge/inch)
Command unit
(inch)
Number of ridge command

range (ridge/inch)
0.001
0.01 to 999999.99
0.0001
0.0001 to 9999.9999
Number of thread ridge command unit

Inch command
Metric command
Command unit
(inch)
Lead command unit

(ridge/inch)
Command unit
(mm)
Lead command unit

(ridge/inch)
0.0001
E1=1 (E1=1.0000)
0.001
E1=1 (E1=1.00)
3)
The number of ridges in the long axis direction is assigned as the number of ridges per
inch.
4)
The E command is also used to command the leads for precision thread cutting, but it
can also be used to designate the number of ridges by turning the control parameter
"Precision thrd cut E" OFF.
44

5)
The E command value should be set within the lead value range when the lead is
converted.
(Lead value (inch) = 1/ridge)
6)
See (a) Uniform lead thread cutting for other details.
(4) Restrictions
(a) Dry run can be validated for thread cutting by turning the control parameter "Dry run in thread
cut" ON. Note that the feedrate in dry run will not be synchronized to the spindle rotation. The
dry run signal is checked at the start of thread cutting, and any changes during thread cutting
are ignored.
(b) If thread cutting is commanded during tool radius compensation, the tool radius
compensation will be temporarily canceled, and thread cutting will be executed. Any
movement commands for axes other than the compensation axis will not be temporarily
canceled.
(c) If a group 1 modal command is issued in the same block, the G code commanded last will
have the priority.
(d) If group 9 (fixed cycle) is commanded in the same block, the thread cutting command will
have the priority.
(e) If G93 (inverse time feed) is commanded during the thread cutting modal, or if thread cutting
is commanded during the G93 modal, the program error "G93 mode error" will occur.
45
7. FEED FUNCTIONS
7.1 Rapid Traverse Rate
7. FEED FUNCTIONS
7.1
Rapid Traverse Rate

(a) The rapid traverse rate can be independently set for each axis.
(b) The rapid traverse rate is valid in the following G codes: G00, G27, G28, G29, G30 and G60.
(c) When positioning, the path from the start point to the end point is interpolated by a straight line.
With the parameters it is also possible to select non-interpolation type positioning that moves
at the maximum speed of each axis. The time taken for positioning is the same with either type.
Note that in reference point return, the interval between from the middle point to the reference
point is only non-interpolation type. (Interpolation type is invalid.)
(d) An override can be applied to the rapid traverse rate by an external signal dependent on PLC
specifications.
up to 100% is one step
F0, F1, 50%, 100%
F0: Can be set in the parameters at a constant speed for each axis.
F1: Can be set in the parameters at a constant percent.
(e) Setting range of the rapid traverse rate
Min. setting unit
Metric input system
Inch input system
A, B
B', C
1 to 480000 (mm/min, /min)
1 to 100000 (mm/min, /min)
1 to 18897 (inch/min)
Minimum setting range A: 0.01mm (0.001inch)

Minimum setting range B: 0.001mm (0.0001inch)
Minimum setting range B': 0.001mm (0.0001inch)
Minimum setting range C: 0.0001mm (0.00001inch)
46
7. FEED FUNCTIONS
7.2 Cutting Feedrate
7.2
Cutting Feedrate
(1) Outline
This function designates the feedrate of the cutting command. The feed amount per spindle
rotation or feed amount per minute is designated.
(2) Command format
F
f1 ;

(a) Once set, that value is stored in the memory as a modal. The feedrate modal value is cleared
to zero only by a restart.
(b) The maximum value of the cutting feedrate is clamped by the parameters (setting range is the
same as the cutting feedrate) of the cutting feed clamp speed.
(c) Setting range of the cutting feedrate
Min. setting unit
Metric input system
Inch input system
A, B
B', C
1 to 480000 (mm/min, /min)
1 to 100000 (mm/min, /min)
Minimum setting range A: 0.01mm (0.001inch)

Minimum setting range B: 0.001mm (0.0001inch)
Minimum setting range B': 0.001mm (0.0001inch)
Minimum setting range C: 0.0001mm (0.00001inch)
(d) G code commands in which the cutting feed is valid
Refer to the interpolation function specifications for information on other commands (G01, G02,
G03, G02.1, G03.1, G33, etc.).
(e) Number of designated valid digits in the cutting feedrate
F9-digit direct designation (integer part: 6 digits, decimal part: 3 digits)
(f) Refer to the specifications for acceleration/deceleration before interpolation for information on
the cutting feed clamp speed during acceleration/deceleration before interpolation.
(4) Notes
(a) A program error will occur if there is no F command in the first cutting command (G01, G02,
G03, G02.1, G03.1) after restarting.
(5) Others
(a) Feedrate designation and effects on control axes
It has already been mentioned that a machine has a number of control axes. These control
axes can be divided into linear axes which control linear movement and rotation axes which
control rotation movement.
The feedrate is designed to designate the displacement speed of these axes, and the effect
exerted by this feedrate on the tool movement speed which affects cutting differs between the
time when control is exercised over the linear axes and when it is exercised over the rotation
axes.
The displacement amount for each axis is designated separately by a value corresponding to
the respective axis. The feedrate is not designated for each axis but designated as a single
value. Therefore, when two or more axes are to be controlled simultaneously, it is necessary
to understand how this will work for each of the axes involved.
The designation of the feedrate is described with the following related items.
1) When controlling linear axes
Even when only one machine axis is to be controlled or there are two or more axes to be
controlled simultaneously, the feedrate which is designated by the F code functions as a
linear speed in the tool advance direction.
When only linear axes are to be controlled, it is sufficient to designate the cutting feedrate
in the program.
The designated feedrate is broken down into components corresponding to the movement
amounts, and each of these components constitutes the feedrate for each axis.
47
7. FEED FUNCTIONS
7.2 Cutting Feedrate
2) When controlling rotation axes

When rotation axes are to be controlled, the designated feedrate functions as the rotation
speed of the rotation axes or, in other words, as an angular speed.
Consequently, the cutting feedrate in the tool advance direction, or in other words the
linear speed, varies according to the distance between the center of rotation and the tool.
This distance must considered when designating the feedrate in the program.
(Note)
When the circular interpolation function is used and the tool is moved along the
circumference by the linear control axis, the rate in the tool advance direction, or
in other words the tangential direction, will be the feedrate designated in the
program.
3) When linear and rotation axes are to be controlled at the same time
The NC system is operated in exactly the same way whether linear or rotation axes are to
be controlled.
When a rotation axis is to be controlled, the numerical value assigned by the coordinate
words (A, B, C) is the angle and the numerical values designated by the feedrate (F) are
all handled as linear speeds. In other words, 1 of the rotation axis is handled as being
equivalent to 1mm of the linear axis.
Consequently, when both linear and rotation axes are to be controlled simultaneouly, the
components of the numerical value designated by F each component corresponding to
each axis will be the same as for item 1) above (When controlling linear axes).
In this case, however, although both the size and direction of the speed components
based on linear axis control do not vary, the direction of the speed components based on
rotation axis control will change along with the tool movement (their size will not change).
This means, as a result, that the composite tool advance direction feedrate will vary along
with the tool movement.
48
7. FEED FUNCTIONS
7.3 Feed per Minute; G94
7.3
Feed per Minute; G94
(1) Outline
By issuing a G94 command, the commands from that block can be commanded as feedrate per
minute (mm/min, inch/min) using an F code.
(2) Command format
G94
Ff1 ;

(a) Feed per minute is a modal command. Once commanded, it is valid until feed per rotation
(G95) is commanded.
(b) Command range
Metric input (mm)
Min. setting unit
F command
unit (mm/min)
No decimal point
With decimal point
Command range (mm/min)
(A) 0.01mm
(B) 0.001mm
(B') 0.001mm
(C) 0.0001mm
F1 =1mm/min
F1.=1mm/min
F1 =1mm/min
F1.=1mm/min
F1 =1mm/min
F1.=1mm/min
F1 =1mm/min
F1.=1mm/min
0.01 to
480000.00
0.001 to
480000.000
0.001 to
100000.000
0.0001 to
100000.0000
(A) 0.001inch
(B) 0.0001inch
(B') 0.0001inch
(C) 0.00001inch
F1 =1inch/min
F1.=1inch/min
F1 =1inch/min
F1.=1inch/min
F1 =1inch/min
F1.=1inch/min
F1 =1inch/min
F1.=1inch/min
0.001 to
18897.6378
0.0001 to
18897.6378
0.0001 to
3937.0078
0.00001 to
3937.00787
Inch input (inch)

Min. setting unit
F command
unit (inch/min)
No decimal point
With decimal point
Command range (inch/min)
1) 1mm/min (1inch/min) or less cannot be commanded without a decimal point.

When carrying out 1mm/min (1inch/min) or less commands, use a decimal point.
2) With the parameter "F cmnd mgf type /min" settings, the feedrate can be magnified by 1/10
and 1/100 using the F command commanded with no decimal point.
3) By turning the parameter "Initial synchr feed" OFF, the initial status after restart can be set
to asynchronous feed (feed per minute).
4) The F command unit is common to all systems.
(c) By turning the parameter "Initial synchr feed" OFF , the initial status after restart can be set to
asynchronous feed (feed per minute).
49
7.4
7.4
7. FEED FUNCTIONS
Feed per Rotation; G95
Feed per Rotation; G95
(1) Outline
By issuing a G95 command, the command from that block can be commanded as feedrate per
spindle rotation (mm/rev, inch/rev) using an F code. A rotary encoder must be installed on the
spindle to use this command.
(2) Command format
G95
Ff2 ;

(a) The G95 command is a modal command. Once commanded, it is valid until G94 (feed per
minute) is commanded.
(b) The minimum command unit and command range of the feedrate designation F are as follows.
Metric input (mm)
Min. setting unit
(A) 0.01mm
(B) 0.001mm
(B') 0.001mm
(C) 0.0001mm
F command No decimal point

unit (mm/rev) With decimal point
F1 = 0.1
F1. = 1
F1 = 0.01
F1. = 1
F1 = 0.01
F1. = 1
F1 = 0.001
F1. = 1
Command range (mm/rev)
0.001 to 99999.999 0.0001 to 9999.9999 0.0001 to 999.9999 0.00001 to 999.99999
Inch input (inch)

Min. setting unit
(A) 0.001inch
(B) 0.0001inch
(B') 0.0001inch
(C) 0.00001inch
F command No decimal point

unit (inch/rev) With decimal point
F1 = 0.01
F1. = 1
F1 = 0.001
F1. = 1
F1 = 0.001
F1. = 1
F1 = 0.0001
F1. = 1
0.001 to 3937.007
0.0001 to 393.7007
0.0001 to 39.3700
0.00001 to 39.37007
Command range (inch/rev)
1) 1mm/min (1 inch/min) or less cannot be commanded without a decimal point.

2) The F command unit is common to all systems.
(c) With the parameter "F cmnd mgf type /rot" settings, the feedrate can be magnified by 1/10 and
1/100 using the F command commanded with no decimal.
(d) By turning the parameter "Initial synchr feed" ON, the initial status after restart can be set to
the synchronous feed (feed per rotation) mode.
(e) The execution speed (actual machine movement speed) for feed per rotation is as follows.
FC = F N OVR (expression 1)
FC : Effective speed (mm/min, inch/min)
F
: Command speed (mm/rev, inch/rev)
N
: Spindle rotation speed (r/min)
OVR : Cutting feed override
When several axes are commanded simultaneously, the execution speed FC by expression 1
operates in the vector direction of that command.
(f) The FC of the setting and display unit "Position display" screen displays the execution speed
(mm/min or inch/min) converted from the command speed, spindle speed and cutting feed
override to the feedrate per minute.
(g) When the execution speed above exceeds the cutting feed clamp speed, the speed is
clamped at that speed.
(h) During machining lock high-speed processing, the value set in parameter "#320004 Machine
lock rapid " becomes valid regardless of command speed and spindle speed. When not
carrying out high-speed processing, the feedrate is the same as without machining lock.
(i) During dry run, the feedrate becomes feed per minute, and moves at the manual feedrate
(mm/min, inch/min, /min).
(j) The fixed cycle G84 (tap cycle) and G74 (reverse tap cycle) are executed following a
previously designated feed mode.
(4) Notes
(a) The operation warning "OPW 112 Spindle stop" will occur if the spindle speed is zero during
feed per rotation execution.
If the speed is slow (9r/min or less), a warning may be output. However, the operation will not
be obstructed.
50
7.5
7.5
7. FEED FUNCTIONS
Inverse Time Feed; G93
(1) Outline
During inside cutting when machining curved shapes with radius compensation applied, the
machining speed on the cutting surface becomes faster than the tool center feedrate. Therefore,
problems such as reduced accuracy may occur.
This reduced accuracy can be prevented with inverse time feed. This function can, in place of
normal feed commands, issue one block of machining time (inverse) in F commands. The
machining speed on the cutting surface is constantly controlled, even if radius compensation is
applied in to the machining program that expresses the free curve surface with fine segment lines.
Note that when the calculated machining time exceeds the cutting feed clamp speed, the F
command value in the inverse time feed follows the cutting feed clamp speed.
(2) Command format
G93 ;
Inverse time feed (G93) is a modal command. Once commanded, it is valid until feed per minute
or feed per rotation is commanded.
G00
Xx1
Yy1 ;
Inverse time feed mode ON
G93 ;
G01
G02
Xx2
Xx3
Yy2
Yy3
Ff2 ;
Ii3 Jj3
In inverse time feed mode

Ff3 ;
Inverse time feed mode OFF
G94 (G95) ;
(a) Inverse time feed (G93) is a modal command. Once commanded, it is valid until feed per
minute (G94) or feed per rotation (G95) is commanded, or until a reset (M02, M30, etc.) is
executed.
(b) Command method of F command values in inverse time feed
Metric command (G21)
Inch command (G20)
During linear
mode (G01)
Cutting feedrate [mm/min]

Cutting distance [mm]
Cutting feedrate [inch/min]

Cutting distance [inch]
During arc mode

(G02, G03)
(G02.1, G03.1)
Cutting feedrate [mm/min]

Start point arc radius [mm]
Cutting feedrate [inch/min]

Start point arc radius [inch]
Handling of F command
Unmodal (command per block)
When F0 is commanded
Program error (no F command)
When there is no F command
Program error (no F command)
Command range (min )
0.001~99999.999
Path after tool radius
compensation
Program path
With inverse time feed, the feedrate on the cutting

surface is constant.
51
7.5
7. FEED FUNCTIONS
(c) Example of program

When inverse time feed is used during radius compensation
Asynchronous feed
N01 G90 G00 X80. Y80;
N02 G01 G41 X0 Y0 D11 F500;
N03 X100.;
N04 G02 Y200. R100.;
N05 G03 Y400. R100.;
N06 G02 Y600. R100.;
N07 G01 X0 F500;
N08 Y0;
N09 G40 X80. Y80.;
N10 M02;
Inverse time feed

N01 G90 G00 X80. Y80;
N02 G01 G41 X0 Y0 D11 F500;
N03 X100.;
N04 G93 G02 Y200. R100.;
N05 G03 Y400. R100.;
N06 G02 Y600. R100.;
N07 G94 G01 X0 F500;
N08 Y0;
N09 G40 X80. Y80.;
N10 M02;
Comparison of asynchronous feed and inverse time feed (when tool radius is 10.0mm)
Location
N04
Asynchronous feed
Feedrate of
Feedrate of
tool center
cutting point
F500
F450
Inverse time feed

Feedrate of
Feedrate of
tool center
cutting point
F550
F500
N05
F500
F550
F450
N06
F500
F450
The block seam protrudes

due to the cutting speed
change at the block seam.
F550
F500
F500
The feedrate follows the

command regardless of
the tool radius.
(d) The initial modal after a restart is G94 (feed per minute) or G95 (feed per rotation).
(e) The feedrate of the block inserted in tool radius compensation, C axis normal line control and
corner R/C is the same speed as the feedrate of the block immediately before it.
(f) The feed function is clamped at the maximum cutting speed. Consequently, the feed may be
slower than the commanded speed.
(g) If an extremely slow speed such as F0.001 is designated, an error will occur in the machining
time.
(4) Notes
(a) The F command in G93 modal is unmodal. Issue an F command for each block. The program
error "PR0062" will occur in blocks with no F command.
(b) The program error "PR0062" will occur when F0 is commanded.
(c) An F command is necessary when G93 to G94 or G95 is commanded. The program error
"PR0062" will occur if there is no F command.
(d) In the inverse time feed mode, the program error will occur when the commands below are
issued.
G12
G13
G31 to G31.1
G33
G34 to G36, G37.1
G37
G73 to G89
Inside cutting CW
Inside cutting CCW
Skip
Thread cutting
Special fixed cycle
Automatic tool length measurement
Fixed cycle
(e) The program error will occur if inverse time feed (G93) is commanded in the following modes.
G33
G73 to G89
Thread cutting
Fixed cycle
(f) Even if the control parameter "1-digit F feed valid" is ON, the F1-digit feed command will not
be valid during the G93 modal.
(g) The dwell command in the inverse time feed modal is a time designation (dwell per second).
52
7.6
7.6
7. FEED FUNCTIONS
Synchronized Tapping; ,R/,H
(1) Outline
This function carries out tapping while carrying out synchronized control of the spindle and servo.
High-accuracy tap depth tapping can be carried out without a floating tap.
(2) Command format
(a) Tap pitch designation
G84
(G74)
Xx1
Tapping
command
Yy1
Zz1
Hole position
data
Rr1
Pp1
Hole machining data
Ff1
Ss1
Pitch
Spindle
speed
, R1/Hh
Synchronized method
(b) Designation of the number of tap threads

G84
(G74)
Xx1
Tapping
command
Yy1
Hole position
data
Zz1
Rr1
Pp1
Hole machining data
Ee1
Ss1
Number
of
threads
Spindle
speed
, R1/Hh
Synchronized method
The address data is as follows.

G84
X, Y
Z
R
P
F
E
S
,R/H
: Forward tap
G74: Reverse tap
: Drilling coordinate position
: Hole bottom position
: Hole R position
: Dwell time at hole bottom
: Z axis feed amount (tap pitch) per spindle rotation
: Number of tap threads per Z axis inch
: Spindle rotation speed
: Synchronous method selection
(,R0: asynchronous method ,R1: synchronous method
H0: asynchronous method Hh: (a)synchronous method (by the parameters))
(When ,R and H are commanded in the same block, the H command is ignored.) (h>0)

(a) The NC control status is as follows when the synchronous tapping command (G74, G84) is
carried out.
1. Cutting override 100% fixed
2. Feed hold invalid
3. IN TAPPING MODE signal output
4. Block seam deceleration command invalid
5. Single block invalid
(Note)
With plane selection, the synchronous tapping cycle can be carried out for axes other
than the Z axis.
53
7.6
7. FEED FUNCTIONS
(b) The tapping control method is shown in the following drawing.

(1)
Setting from the CRT
The synchronous tap control/

asynchronous tap control designation
setting is ignored by the parameters
when the address ,R (H is outside the
target) is commanded.
Parameter
Address, R/H
G84
G74
(1)
G84, G74
Subprogram
Asynchronous tap control
Z axis feed control
Synchronous tap control
FR-SF spindle
Z axis feed
Control
(c) Synchronous/asynchronous control is judged by ",R command" and parameters or "H

command" and parameters.
,R command (or H command)
No ,R command
No H command
,R0
H=0
,R1
H>0
Synchronous tap
parameter: ON
Synchronous
method 1)
Asynchronous Synchronous
method
method 2)
Synchronous tap
parameter: OFF
Asynchronous
method
Asynchronous (A)Synchronous
method
method 3)
1)
2)
3)
Retract override parameter is referred to.

Retract override parameter is not referred to. (address H)
Asynchronous method during H command
(d) Tap return override

With this function, an override can be applied to the retract from the hole bottom to the R point
during synchronous tap.
1) Retract override valid/invalid
The "#3900=1" command of the fixed cycle subprogram validates the retract override.
(Only validated during synchronous tapping.)
2) Retract override setting
The override is set in the basic specification parameter "tapovr" of the machine parameters.
The setting range is from 0 to 999%, but when set below 100% a 100% clamp is applied.
3) Speed clamp when the retract override is valid
In situations such as when the speed with a retract override applied exceeds the cutting
clamp speed of the hole drilling axis or the spindle tap maximum speed (tap maximum
rotation speed of the selected gear level), the hole drilling axis feedrate and spindle rotation
speed is clamped by the cutting clamp speed of the hole drilling axis or the spindle tap
maximum rotation speed.
54
7.6
7. FEED FUNCTIONS
(4) Multi-step acceleration/deceleration

When acceleration/deceleration is carried out in the synchronous tap cycle, the acceleration rate
is calculated with the speed/time. However, in actual operation, if the motor characteristics
provide a constant output and a set rotation speed is reached, the torque will decrease. Thus, the
positioning time may increase because a longer time constant is set. To reduce this, the spindle
and hole drilling axis acceleration/deceleration pattern can be divided into multiple steps so that
the spindle acceleration/deceleration pattern is similar to the acceleration/deceleration pattern for
the speed loop. This will shorten the time to reach the rotation speed commanded for the spindle.
Speed
Motor operation
Multi-step acceleration/
deceleration
Shortened distance
Normal acceleration/
deceleration
Time
Time constant
(a) Command method

Select time constant/constant inclination acceleration/deceleration or multi-step acceleration/
deceleration with the parameter "S-tap Slope/Time".
(b) Command format
G84
(G74)
Xx
Yy
Zz
Rr
Pp
Ff
(Ee)
Ss
, R1
Hh
,Ss ;
Basically, the command format is the same as for the normal time/constant inclination
acceleration/deceleration command. With multi-step acceleration/deceleration, the spindle
rotation speed for retracting can be commanded with the address (,S).
Address
,S
Details
Command range
Spindle rotation speed for retracting

The data is held as modal information. Thus, even if
the synchronous tap is canceled, the S command
will be held. Note that this can be canceled with the
parameter (#330106 Tap back speed CLR).
0 to 99999 (r/min)
When ,S is commanded, if the value is smaller than the S command, the S command will
be valid during retract.
When ,S ( 0) is commanded, the tap retract override will be invalid.
The ,S command is canceled with reset (modal not held) or rewind. It is not canceled with
reset (modal held).
If the ,S command exceeds the maximum rotation speed for multi-step acceleration/
deceleration retract (stmax), it will be clamped at the maximum rotation speed for multi-step
acceleration/deceleration retract.
When ,S0 is commanded, the command will be ignored and the tap retract override will be
validated.
If S is commanded during an asynchronous (,R0) command, the S command will be
ignored.
The retract spindle rotation speed can be changed even when S is commanded in the G84
modal.
Note that when ,S is commanded independently (with no positioning command),
"PRW0004 Unused address exists" will occur.
55
7.6
7. FEED FUNCTIONS
(c) Maximum rotation speed and time constants

The maximum rotation speed and time constants for acceleration/deceleration are set for
each step.
1st step
Gear 00
Gear 01
Gear 10
Gear 11
2nd step
Gear 00
Gear 01
Gear 10
Gear 11
3rd step
Gear 00
Gear 01
Gear 10
Gear 11
1)
Maximum rotation speed

#200089 Stap11
#200090 Stap12
#200091 Stap13
#200092 Stap14
Maximum rotation speed
#200097 Stap21
#200098 Stap22
#200099 Stap23
#200100 Stap24
Maximum
Maximum rotation
rotation speed
speed for
for advancing
retracting
#200014 Stap1
#200109 Stmax1
#200015 Stap2
#200110 Stmax2
#200016 Stap3
#200111 Stmax3
#200017 Stap4
#200112 Stmax4
Cases for constant inclination acceleration/deceleration

When 1st step's maximum rotation speed = 0, and
2nd step's maximum rotation speed = 0, and
3rd step's maximum rotation speed > 0, and
3rd step's time constant > 0
Rotation speed (r/min)
Stmaxn
Retract
Stapn
Advance
Time (ms)
stapt3n
56
Time constant
#200093 Stapt11
#200094 Stapt12
#200095 Stapt13
#200096 Stapt14
Time constant
#200101 Stapt21
#200102 Stapt22
#200103 Stapt23
#200104 Stapt24
Time constant
#200105
#200106
#200107
#200108
Stapt31
Stapt32
Stapt33
Stapt34
7.6
2)
7. FEED FUNCTIONS
Cases for two-step acceleration/deceleration

0 < 2nd step's maximum rotation speed < 3rd step's maximum rotation speed, and
0 < 2nd step's time constant < 3rd step's time constant
Stmaxn
Retract
Stapn
Advance
Stap2n
Time (ms)
Stapt2n
Stapt3n
1st step's maximum rotation speed 0, and

0 < 2nd step's maximum rotation speed < commanded rotation speed < 3rd step's
maximum rotation speed, and
Rotation speed
(r/min)
Stmaxn
Stapn
Stap2n
S command
Stap1n
Time (ms)
Stapt1n
Stapt2n
57
7.6
7. FEED FUNCTIONS

0 < 2nd step's maximum rotation speed < 3rd step's maximum rotation speed, and
0 < 3rd step's time constant < 2nd step's time constant
Stmaxn
Retract
Stapn
Advance
Stap2n
Time (ms)
Stapt2n
Stapt3n

0 < 3rd step's maximum rotation speed < 2nd step's maximum rotation speed, and
Stap2n
Stapn
Stapt2n
Time (ms)
Stapt3n
The axis will accelerate to the 3rd step's maximum rotation speed at the 2nd step's
time constant
58
7.6
3)
7. FEED FUNCTIONS
Cases for three-step acceleration/deceleration

0 < 1st step's maximum rotation speed < 2nd step's maximum rotation speed < 3rd
step's maximum rotation speed, and
0 < 1st step's time constant < 2nd step's time constant < 3rd step's time constant
Retract
Stmaxn
Stapn
Advance
Stap2n
Stap1n
Time (ms)
Stapt1n
Stapt2n
Stapt3n
0 < 1st step's maximum rotation speed < 2nd step's maximum rotation speed < 3rd
step's maximum rotation speed, and
0 < 2nd step's time constant < 1st step's time constant < 3rd step's time constant
Stmaxn
Retract
Stapn
Advance
Stap2n
Stap1n
Time (ms)
Stapt1n
Stapt2n
Stapt3n
(d) Override for retracting

During multi-step acceleration/deceleration retract override, the 3rd step's maximum rotation
speed becomes the maximum rotation speed for multi-step acceleration/deceleration
retracting (stmax1 to stmax4). The inclination follows the 3rd step's maximum rotation speed
and time constant.
Stmaxn
Stapn
Stap2n
Stap1n
Stapt1n
Stapt2n
Stapt3n
59
Time (ms)
7.6
7. FEED FUNCTIONS
(e) Spindle rotation speed command for retracting (,S)

The maximum spindle rotation speed for retracting can be commanded with the address (,S).
When ,S<Stmaxn is established, the 3rd step's maximum rotation speed is clamped by ,S.
The inclination in this case is determined by Stapn and Stapt3n.
Stapn
Stap2n
Stap1n
Stapt3n
Stapt2n
Stapt1n
Time (ms)
Stap1n
Stap2n
Stapn
,S
Stmaxn
(5) Restrictions
(a) When both F and E are commanded simultaneously in the G84, G74 command block, the
prioritized address will be determined by the input unit.
Metric input.............Pitch (F) has the priority. (The number of ridges is ignored.)
Inch input................The number of ridges (E) has the priority. (The pitch is ignored.)
(b) During synchronous tapping, the hole drilling axis's cutting feedrate and spindle rotation
speed are clamped by the hole drilling axis's maximum cutting feedrate or the spindle
maximum rotation speed.
(c) During execution of G84, G74, the hole drilling axis's cutting feedrate is synchronized with
the spindle rotation speed. However, the cutting feedrate modal (F modal) will not change at
this time.
(d) The forward run (M3), reverse run (M4) and stop (M5) commands are ignored during the
synchronous tap cycle modal. (The M code and MF will not be output.)
The spindle's rotation speed will be synchronized with the hole drilling axis movement, and
will rotate in the forward or reverse direction. There is no need to issue the spindle forward
run or reverse run command before the fixed cycle command.
(e) If the S command is issued during the synchronous tap cycle modal, the program error
"PR0033 Format error" will occur. To change the spindle rotation speed, cancel the
synchronous tap cycle modal with G80, and then issue the G84 command.
[Example]
1)
2)
3)
G84 Z-10.
X-10.;
S2000;
Y-10.;
R-2.
G74 Z-10.
X-10.;
S2000;
Y-10.;
R-2.
G74
G74
R-2.
R-2.
Z-10.
Z-12.
F1.
S1000;
"PR033 Format error"
F1.
S2000;
"PR033 Format error"
F1.
F1.
S2000;
S1500; "PR033 Format error"
60
7.6
(f)
7. FEED FUNCTIONS
If there is no S command in the first G84 command block, synchronous tapping will be
executed with the previously commanded S command (S modal). (The gears will not be
changed in the G84 command block.)
(g) The other restrictions are the same as the regular fixed cycle.
(h) The spindle will not rotate while the miscellaneous function is locked.
(i)
If F/E are not commanded in the G84, G74 command block, the program error "PR0183 No
pitch/thread number" will occur. Note that the previous F/E values will be used if the
parameter (#320024 Synchronized tapping) is turned ON.
In this case, the F/E values will be initialized when the NC is reset.
[Example]
G84Xx
Xx;
G80;
G84Xx
G80;
Parameter OFF
Yy
Zz
Rr
Ff
Yy
Zz
Rr
,R1;
Rr
Ff
Rr
,R1;
Parameter ON
G84Xx Yy Zz
Xx;
G80;
G84Xx Yy Zz
G80;
Ss ,R1;
"PR0183 No pitch/thread number"
Ss
,R1;
Operates with previous f
61
7.7
7.7
7. FEED FUNCTIONS
Dwell (Time designation); (G94) G04
Dwell (Time designation); (G94) G04
(1) Outline
When G04 is commanded, the machine temporarily pauses, and goes to a standby status for the
time commanded in the program. With this function, the start of the next block can be delayed.
When the feed mode is feed per minute (G94), the operation becomes time designated. By adding
a multi-step skip function, the remaining dwell time can be canceled.
(2) Command format
(G94)
G04
Xx1
Asynchronous
Dwell
Time
Besides address X, designation is also possible with address
P.

(a) The dwell time designation x1 range is from 0.001 to 99999.999s.
(b) The designation with address P can be changed over between decimal point valid/invalid by
the parameter "#320007 G04P decim pt valid". When the decimal point is invalidated by the
parameter setting, commands below the decimal point with address P are ignored.
(c) When a cutting command is in the previous block, the dwell command starts calculating the
dwell time after the machine has decelerated and stopped. When it is commanded in the same
block as an M, S, T or B command, the calculation starts simultaneously.
(d) The dwell function is valid during interlock.
(e) The dwell function is valid even for machine lock but it can be completed immediately by the
control parameter "#320004 Machine lock rapid".
(f) By the control parameter "#320005 G04 time fixed", the time designation (dwell per second)
can be set, regardless of the feed mode.
Previous block
cutting command
Next block
Dwell command
Dwell time
(g) Examples of programs

1) When input unit is 0.001mm.
(Example 1) G04 X500 ; 0.5s. dwell time
(Example 2) G04 X5000 ; 5s. dwell time
(Example 3) G04 X5. ;
5s. dwell time
G04 P5000 ;
5s. dwell time
G04 P12.345 ;
0.012s. dwell time
(12.345s. when the decimal point is validated
by the parameter settings.)
62
7.8
7.8
7. FEED FUNCTIONS
Dwell (Rotation designation); (G95) G04
Dwell (Rotation designation); (G95) G04
(1) Outline
When G04 is commanded, the machine temporarily pauses, and goes to a standby status for the
spindle rotation speed commanded in the program. With this function, the start of the next block
can be delayed. When the feed mode is feed per rotation (G95), the operation becomes rotation
speed designated. By adding a multi-step skip function, the remaining dwell time can be canceled.
(2) Command format
(G95)
G04
Xx1
Synchronous
Dwell
Rotation
Besides address X, designation is also possible with address
P.

(a) The dwell rotation designation x1 range is from 0.001 to 99999.999rev.
(b) The designation with address P can be changed over between decimal point valid/invalid by
the parameter "#320007 G04P decim pt valid". When the decimal point is invalidated by the
parameter setting, commands below the decimal point with address P are ignored.
(c) When a cutting command is in the previous block, the dwell command starts calculating the
dwell time after the machine has decelerated and stopped (Refer to the figure below). If it is
commanded in the same block as an M, S, T or B command, the control is started
simultaneously.
(d) The dwell function is valid even for machine lock but it can be completed immediately by the
control parameter "#320004 Machine lock rapid".
(e) The dwell also stops during spindle stop. It is resumed when the spindle starts to rotate again.
(f) By the control parameter "#320005 G04 time fixed", the time designation (dwell per second)
can be set, regardless of the feed mode.
(g) This function cannot be used unless a position detection encoder has been mounted on the
spindle.
Previous block
cutting command
Next block
Dwell command
Dwell rotation speed
(h) If commanded in the same block as another unmodal command, the latter command will have
the priority.
(i) If commanded in the same block as the group 1 modal command (G00 to G03.1, G33), the
dwell will be executed and the modal will be updated.
(j) If commanded in the same block as a modal command that involves axis movement, such as
Group 4 (G22, G23), Group 7 or 8 (G40 to G44, G49), Group 9 (G73 to G89), Group 11 (G50,
G51), Group 15 (G40.1 to G42.1), Group 16 (G68, G69) or Group 19 (G50.1, G51.1), the dwell
will have the priority and the other command will be ignored.
(k) If commanded in the same block as a modal command that does not have an axis address,
such as plane selection, absolute/incremental command, inch/metric changeover, feed modal,
workpiece coordinate system changeover, or G61 to G64, both commands will be valid.
(l) If the dwell is commanded during the inverse time feed mode (G93), this will be a time
designation.
63
7. FEED FUNCTIONS
7.9 F1-digit Feed
7.9
F1-digit Feed
(1) Outline
When the control parameter "1-digit F feed valid" is ON, by designating a one-digit value after
address F, the feedrate preregistered in the parameters and corresponding to the value can be
commanded. The F commands include F0, and F1 to F9.
When F0 is commanded, the rapid traverse rate is set, and the same feedrate as G00 is applied.
(The G modal does not change.)
When F1 to F9 is commanded, the set feedrate corresponding to the setting becomes the
commanded rate.
When a value F10 or more is commanded, it will be interpreted as the normal F5-digit cutting
feedrate.
The F1-digit command is valid only in the G01, G02, G03, G02.1 or G03.1 modal.
The F1-digit command can be used in the fixed cycle.
(a) If a F1-digit command is issued in the automatic operation mode, the feedrate can be
incremented and decremented by turning the manual pulse generator.
This speed change is valid when the external input (PLC) "F1-digit speed change valid signal" is
selected.
(b) The feedrate increment/decrement amount follows the expression below.
F =
FMn
(number of manual pulse generator pulses) (1)
K
Where, "+" expresses an increment, and "" expresses a decrement.

FMn : This is the clamp speed. Two types of speeds (FM1 and FM2) can be set.
FM1: Maximum speed for F1 to F4
FM2: Maximum speed for F5 to F9
K
: Operation constant (This is the number of FMn divisions, and is the calculated
constant of the increment/decrement speed per scale of the manual handle pulse
generator.)
(Note 1) The manual pulse generator is also used for the conventional axis movement,
such as handle interrupt.
Select the usage purpose with the control parameters.
(c) The speeds corresponding to F1 to F9, K and FMn can be set on the Process param screen.
The increment/decrement value range is F1 to F9 ... 0 to FMn
However, if the feedrate is 0 or exceeds the FM1 (FM2 for F5 to F9), the operation warning
"OPW0167 F1 feed rate zero" will occur.
(3) Operation method
(a) Validate the F1-digit.
(b) Set FMn and K.
Setting range
K
0 to 32767
FM1 (FM2)
1 to 60000 (mm/min)
(c) Set F1 to F9.

Setting range
F1 to F9
1 to 60000 (mm/min)
64
7. FEED FUNCTIONS
7.9 F1-digit Feed
(4) Special notes

(a) Use of both the F1-digit command and normal cutting feedrate command is possible in the
(3)-(a) state.
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
(j)
(Example 1)
F0 .................. Rapid traverse rate
F1 to F9......... F1-digit
F10 or more .. Normal cutting feedrate command
F1 to F9 are invalid in the G00 mode. The rapid traverse rate will be applied.
If F0 is used in the G02, G03, G02.1 or G03.1 mode, the program error "PR0121 In F0 arc
modal mode" will occur.
When F1. to F9. (with decimal point) is commanded, this will be the 1mm/min to 9mm/min
feedrate instead of the F1-digit command.
When used with a metric or degree command, the feedrate set corresponding to F1 to F9 will
be the command speed (mm/min or /min).
When used with an inch command, one-tenth of the feedrate set corresponding to F1 to F9
will be the command speed (inch/min).
The number of manual pulse generator pulses is one pulse per scale, regardless of the
magnification.
During the F1-digit command, the "in F1-digit command" signal and F1-digit number are
output as PLC signals.
The speed designated with the E command is valid for the speed at the corner rounding or
corner chamfering.
When both the F1-digit command and inverse time feed command are present, the inverse
time feed command will have the priority. When the inverse time feed is canceled (G94), the
F (speed) command is invalidated, so the F command must be issued again.
(5) F1-digit and G command

(a) 01 group G command in same block as F1-digit
Actual feedrate
Modal speed display
G modal
G0F0
F0G0
Rapid traverse rate
G0
G0F1
F1G0
Rapid traverse rate
G0
G1F0
F0G1
Rapid traverse rate
G1
G1F1
F1G1
Actual feedrate
G1
(b) The F1-digit and unmodal command can be issued in the same block. In this case, the
unmodal command is executed, and the F1-digit modal is updated simultaneously.
(6) Example of operation constant K setting
To set the one scale of the manual pulse generator to 10mm/min.
For FM1 = 15000mm/min:
F = 10 =
15000
K
With the above expression, K = 1500.

Thus, when the handle is turned by one scale, the feedrate will be F (1 to 4) 10 [mm/min].
65
7. FEED FUNCTIONS
7.9 F1-digit Feed
(7) Conditions for validating manual pulse generator

The following conditions must be established to validate the manual pulse generator.
Must be in cutting feed (F1 to F9).
Must be in automatic start.
F1-digit must be valid.
The machine side manual handle valid switch must be ON.
The mode must be the MDI mode, memory mode, HD operation or FD operation.
The machine must not be locked. (Machine lock rapid traverse)
Dry run or feed hold must not be in execution.
Note that this cannot be used if the handle specifications are not provided.
The first handle is used.
66
8. SPINDLE FUNCTIONS
8.1 Spindle Control Function
8.1
Spindle Control Function
(1) Outline
With this function, the spindle speed is determined for the S command issued by the automatic
operation or manual numerical value command, allowing for the override and gear ratio, and the
spindle is rotated. The outline of the spindle control is shown below.
NC
BCD or BIN
PLC
S command value
S command
Machining program
Manual numerical
value command
START signal
S command
decoding
Spindle rotation
command
BIN
BIN/BCD selection
(parameter)
BIN
Spindle rotation
speed
Digital spindle
Spindle output
command
creation
Gear selection
Override
Gear ratio
maximum rotation
speed (parameter)

(a) When the spindle override is the code method, the designation is in 10% units from 50% to
120%, but when the override is the numerical value setting method, designation in 1% units
from 0 to 200% is possible. The override is invalid during spindle stop input ON, tapping mode
and thread cutting mode.
(b) The number of gear levels can be commanded up to four levels.
(c) The spindle maximum rotation speed can be set for each gear.
(3) Notes
(a) The processing sequence and completion sequence for the S command must be grouped in
the PLC.
(b) There is no rotation speed designation by the code designation method.
67
8.2 S Code Output
8.2
S Code Output
(1) Outline
When the eight-digit numbers (S00000000 to S 99999999) after the address S are commanded,
a 32-bit binary data with symbol attached and START signal, or an 8-digit BCD signal and START
signal are output to the PLC.
(2) Command format
S
xxxxxxxx ;

(a) Numbers with up to eight digits can be commanded.
(b) Only one set of S commands can be commanded in one block. If more than one set of S
commands is commanded in one block, the last S command is validated.
(c) The PLC must be built into the NC to use this function. The processing sequence and
completion sequence for all S commands must be grouped in the PLC.
(d) Either binary output or BCD output is selected with the parameters.
(e) When commanding spindle rotation speed, the spindle rotation speed must be commanded
from the PLC as shown in the drawing in Section 8.1.
68
Spindle Position Control (Spindle C axis control)
8.3
8.3
Spindle Position Control (Spindle C axis control)
(1) Outline
With this function, servo control is carried out on the spindle amplifier and spindle motor, and the
spindle position can be controlled.
(a) When controlling the spindle position
1) The SERVO ON signal from the PLC is turned ON.
SERVO ON
Spindle rotation
Position control
Spindle rotation
During servo OFF : Spindle (position control not possible)

Reference point return incomplete status
During servo ON : Spindle position control
2) After that, the command is carried out with the axis name when positioning control is set.
(Example)
G00
C100. ;
(b) The coordinate system must be established by a reference point return when the spindle is
changed over to position control.
The reference point can be established using one of the following three methods.
Reference point return method
Method where the position during
servo ON becomes the reference
point
Zero point return

parameter setting
Axis with no reference point
Method using the automatic

reference point return function of
the spindle
Dog-type reference point return
Spindle parameter setting

The spindle does not carry
out an automatic reference
point return
The spindle carries out an
automatic reference point
return
Dog-type reference point

return
The spindle does not carry

out an automatic reference
point return
(c) A spindle amplifier bus-connected with the control unit and a position detector are necessary
to carry out the spindle position command.
(d) The spindle can also be set so that it does not carry out an automatic reference point return by
an external signal.
(e) The resolution depends on the position detector resolution. Refer to the sections on "Minimum
setting units" and "Speed commands" for the setting units, speed, etc.
(f) A program error will occur if a position control command is carried out during servo OFF or
orientation.
69
9. TOOL FUNCTIONS
9.1 T Commands
9. TOOL FUNCTIONS
9.1
T Commands
(1) Outline
The tool number and tool compensation number can be commanded using the T commands (a
number up to eight digits following address T). Only one set of T commands can be commanded
in one block.
(2) Command format
(Example) When the T command has eight digits and the tool compensation number command
has two digits
T
* *
[. * ]
Suffix
Tool compensation number
Tool number

(a) The number of digits in the T command and the number of digits in the tool compensation
number below it are determined by the parameters.
(b) If the number of digits in the tool compensation number is 0, all of the digits can be used for
the tool number command.
A suffix (omission possible) can be commanded at the end of the T command.
(c) The tool compensation consists of tool length offset and tool nose wear compensation. One of
the following three methods can be selected by the parameters for designating these
compensation numbers.
(In this example, the T command has eight digits, and the tool compensation number has two
digits. There is no suffix.)
1) Method by which the compensation numbers of the tool length and tool nose wear are
designated by the T command low-order digits.
High-order digits The tool number is designated.
Low-order digits Both the tool length offset and tool nose wear compensation
are designated by the same compensation number.
(Example)
* *
Tool length offset number and tool
nose wear compensation number
Tool number
2) Method by which the tool number and tool length offset number are designated by the T
command high-order digits.
High-order digits The tool number and tool length offset number are designated
by the same compensation number.
Low-order digits The tool nose wear compensation number is designated.
(Example)
* *
Tool nose wear compensation number
Tool number and tool length offset
number
70
9. TOOL FUNCTIONS
9.1 T Commands
3) Method by which the tool length offset number is designated by the last two digits of the T
command high-order digits
High-order digits The tool number is designated by all the high-order digits.
The tool length offset number is designated by the last
two digits of the high-order digits.
Low-order digits The tool nose wear compensation number is designated.
(Example)
* *
Tool nose wear compensation
number
Tool length offset number
Tool number
(d) The tool number, START signal and suffix are output to the PLC (the tool compensation
number is not output) by the T command. The suffix use is random, but can be used to
designate, etc., the cutting edge of the tool having two cutting edges.
(e) Whether the tool number is output as a 32-bit binary value or as a BCD output is set by the
parameters.
(f) The processing sequence and completion sequence for all T commands must be composed
on the PLC side.
71
10. MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTIONS

10.1 Miscellaneous Functions

10.1
Miscellaneous Functions
(1) Outline
When the number up to eight digits (M00000000 to M99999999) after the address M are
commanded, a 32-bit binary data and START signal, or an 8-digit BCD signal and START signal
are output to the PLC.
(2) Command format
Mm1
Mm2
Mm3
Mm4 ;
m1, m2, m3, m4: Number up to eight digits (00000000 to 99999999)

(a) Up to four sets of M commands can be simultaneously commanded in one block. If five or
more sets of M commands are commanded in one block, the last four M commands are
validated.
(b) Separate from the above signals, respective dedicated individual signals are also output for
the following signals.
M00 Program stop
M01 Optional stop
M02 Program end
M30 Program end
(c) To use this function, the processing sequence and completion sequence for all M commands
from M00000000 to M99999999 must be grouped in the PLC side (excluding M98, M99).
In this case, because the code signals and START signals of all the M commands in the same
block are simultaneously transferred from the CNC to the PLC, high-speed machine control
can be carried out by the PLC processing sequence.
(d) The output signals are either an 8-digit BCD code and START signal or a 32-bit binary data
with symbol attached and START signal. Either BCD output or binary output is set in the
parameters.
72

10.2 M Individual Output
10.2
M Individual Output
(1) Outline
These functions are output to the PLC when M00, M01, M02 and M30 are commanded during
automatic operation, or by a manual numerical value command, and are turned OFF by a
miscellaneous function completed signal and reset signal from the PLC.
(2) Command format
Machining
program
M individual
output
M00
M00
Program stop
Fin1 or Fin2
M01
M01
Optional stop
Fin1 or Fin2
M02
M02
Program end
Reset
M30
M30
Program end
Reset
Meaning
Reply to the CNC

(a) As pre-read of M00, M01, M02 and M30 is prohibited, the next block is not read into the
pre-read buffer.
(b) When there is a movement command/dwell in the same block, the M individual output is output
after the movement command/dwell is completed.
1) Program stop: M00
When this miscellaneous function is read, reading to the next block is stopped. The NC
functions only stop the program reading. Whether the machine side functions such as
spindle rotation and coolant are stopped differ according to the machine.
The restart is carried out by the automatic start signal.
Whether a reset is carried out by M00 depends on the machine specifications.
2) Optional stop: M01
The program reading stops when the optional stop signal of the machine operation board
is turned ON, and this M01 command is read.
Restart is carried out by the miscellaneous function completed signal, not by the
automatic start signal. (When restarting with the automatic start button, it is necessary to
group the sequence in the user PLC.)
The M01 command is ignored if the optional stop signal is OFF.
3) Program end: M02 or M30
This command is normally used in the last block where machining is completed.
Normally this command is reset as a reply after it is output. The contents of the command
position display counter are not cleared by this reset, but the modal command and
compensation amount are canceled. Refer to the section on the NC reset for details.
The restart is carried out by the automatic start signal.
73

10.3 2nd Miscellaneous Functions
10.3
2nd Miscellaneous Functions
(1) Outline
By commanding an address code (with a number up to eight digits) that does not overlap with the
axis name from any of A, B, C, H, U, V, W, X, Y or Z, a 32-bit binary data and START signal, or a
BCD signal and START signal are output to the PLC.
(a) The address to be used is defined by the parameters.
(b) A command with a decimal point is also possible. If the decimal point is omitted, the output
magnification can be set with the parameters.
(c) A processing sequence and completion sequence are necessary for all 2nd miscellaneous
functions.
(d) The same address cannot be used in the axis name and 2nd miscellaneous function.
(e) If A is designated in the 2nd miscellaneous function address, the following functions cannot be
used.
Linear angle command
Geometric command
(f) Whether to output a binary data or BCD signal is set in the parameters.
74
11.1
11. TOOL COMPENSATION

Tool Length Offset; G43/G44/G49

11.1
(1) Outline
By this command, the position of the end point of the movement command is changed to the
position that was offset the previously set tool offset amount only, and movement control is carried
out.
Using this function, the distance difference, due to the tool length, between the program
coordinate position and the actual machine tool tip position is offset, and the program and
operation can be made more efficient.
(2) Command format
(a) Offsetting is carried out for the rotation tool.
(b) In 1-axis offset, a random axis is offset. Because the relation between the offset number and
offset axis is not assigned beforehand, which axis is to be offset must be designated when the
command is issued.
The offset number is designated by an H command.
G43
G44
Zz1
Zz1
Hh1
Hh1
Offset direction Selection

axis
G49
;
;
Offset number
Besides the Z axis, tool length offset can be

carried out for the all axes (such as X and Y)
that can be controlled by the system.
Tool length offset cancel
(c) The offset direction can be designated by the following G commands.

G43 Positive direction (z1 + h1)
G44 Negative direction (z1 h1)
(d) The offset is canceled by the following G commands.
G49 ;
G43 H0 ;
G44 H0 ;
(a) Tool length offset movement amount
1) The movement amount is calculated using the expression below when the G43 or G44 tool
length offset start command or G49 tool length offset cancel command is assigned.
G43
Zz
Hh1
z + h1
G44
Zz
Hh1
z h1
G49
Zz
z (+)
h1
(Offset in +direction by a value equivalent to offset

amount)
(Offset in direction by a value equivalent to offset
amount)
Offset amount cancel
h1: Offset amount of offset number h1
The actual end point of the coordinates is offset from the programmed movement
command end point coordinates by an amount calculated by the above expression,
regardless of whether absolute value or incremental value commands are used.
2) The G49 (tool length offset cancel) mode is established when the power is turned ON and
after the reset and M02 command have been executed.
75
11.1

(b) Offset numbers

1) The offset amounts differ according to the offset types.
Type A (When the option parameter = 1)
When G43 Hh1; is commanded, offset amount h1 commanded by offset number h1 will
be common to tool length offset amount, tool radius compensation amount, shape offset
amount and wear offset amount.
Type B (When the option parameter = 0)
When G43 Hh1; is commanded, offset amount h1 commanded by offset number h1 will
be the shape offset amount + wear offset amount.
2) The valid range of the offset numbers depends on the specification configuration (number
of offset sets).
Refer to "11.5 Number of compensation sets".
3) An alarm occurs when the offset number commanded exceeds the range of the
specifications.
4) The tool length offset is canceled by commanding H0.
5) An offset number commanded in the same block as G43/G44 will subsequently remain
valid as a modal.
(Example)
G43
G45
G49
G43
Zz1 Hh1 ; Tool length offset is carried out by h1.

:
Xx1 Yy1 Hh6 ;
:
Zz2 ;
Tool length offset is canceled.
:
Zz2 ;
Tool length offset is carried out again by h1.
6) When G43/G44 is further commanded while G43/G44 is still modal, offset carried out by an
amount equivalent to the difference in the data of the offset number.
(Example)
G43
G43
Zz1
:
Zz2
Hh1
; z1 + (h1) movement
Hh2
; z2 + (h2 h1) movement
76
11.1

(c) Tool length offset valid axes

1) When the control parameter (T leng offset Z fix) is ON, tool length offset applies at all times
to the Z axis.
2) When the control parameter (T leng offset Z fix) is OFF, it depends on the axis address
assigned in the same block as the G43/G44 command. When two or more axes are
simultaneously commanded, the sequence of priority is as follows: Z axis > Y axis > X axis.
(Example)
G43
G49
G43
G49
G43
G49
G43
G49
Xx1
:
Xx2
:
Yy1
:
Yy2
:
1
:
2
:
Xx3
:
;
Hh1
; +offset for X axis
;
Hh2
; +offset for Y axis
;
Hh2
; +offset for additional axis
;
Yy3
Zz3
Hh3
; +offset for Z axis
Additional axes are handled in accordance with the setting of the parameters.
When tool length offset is to be commanded with a rotation axis, set the name of the
rotation axis into any of the parallel axes.
3) When there is no axis address in the same block as G43, the Z axis is validated.
4) The Z and X axes are offset when the following is commanded:
G43Zz1Hh1 ;
G43Xx1Hh2 ;
(d) Operations when other commands are assigned while tool length offset is modal
1) Automatic reference point return (G28 high-speed/dog-type, G30 high-speed)
If automatic reference point return is started for an axis in the tool length offset modal, the
tool length offset will be canceled and the offset amount will be cleared when the reference
point is reached.
2) Manual dog type reference point return A
If manual dog-type reference point return is started for an axis in the tool length offset
modal, the tool length offset will be canceled and the offset amount will be cleared when
the reference point is reached.
Note that the Modal screen display will be updated when the system is restarted.
3) Manual high-speed reference point return A
If manual high-speed reference point return is started for an axis in the tool length offset
modal, the tool length offset will not be canceled when the reference point is reached.
Note that the tool length offset can be canceled with the parameter (110135 Cancel G43
MDL M-REF). In this case, the Modal screen display will be updated when the system is
restarted.
4) When a movement command is assigned to the G53 machine coordinate system,
movement follows to the machine position with the tool length offset amount canceled.
When returning to one of the workpiece coordinate systems (G54 to G59), the tool returns
to the coordinates which have been shifted again by an amount equivalent to the tool
offset.
77
11.1

(e) Operation during tool life management

If the tool length offset is commanded when the control parameter (T-life manage valid) is set,
the actual offset amount becomes as follows according to the settings on the Tool Life
Management screen.
1) Number offset method
When the tool length offset number is set on the Tool Life Management screen, the H
(offset number) designation is substituted for the set number, and tool length offset is
carried out.
(Example)
Tool Life Management screen setting: When the tool length offset number of tool number t1
is h2.
G43
G49
Zz1
:
Zz2
Hh1
Tool length offset is carried out for h1 by tool number h2.
2) Offset amount direct offset method

When the tool length offset amount is set on the Tool Life Management screen, offset is
carried out by the set offset amount instead of offset amount indicated by H (offset
number).
(Example)
Tool Life Management screen setting: When the tool length offset number of tool number t1
is 1.
G43
Zz1
G49
:
Zz2
Hh1
The tool length offset of 1 amount is carried out.

(h1 offset amount is not used.)
78

11.1
(4) Example
(a) Combined operation with tool length measurement
(Example 1.)
Tool length offset by combination with tool length measurement type I
G28 X0 Y0 Z0;
T01;
T02 M06;
G91 G00 G43
Z2.0 1;
Z+2.0
R
H01=
-450.0
H01=
-450.0
(Note)
When the tool
compensation amount is
H021 = -450.000, etc.,
it is set by the negative
value.
(Example 2.)
Z0.0
Z2.0
Workpiece
Workpiece
Table
Table
Tool length offset by combination with tool length measurement type II
G28 X0 Y0 Z0;
T01;
T02 M06;
G91 G54 G00 G43
Z2.0
01;
(Note)
When the tool
H01 = +150.000, etc.,
it is set by the positive
value.
H01=
+150.0
Z0.0
W
Workpiece
H01=
+150.0
Z2.0
Workpiece
Table
Table
(b) When offsetting is carried out with the distance between the reference point and
workpiece as a reference
G28 X0 Y0 Z0;
T01;
T02 M06;
G91 G00 G43
Z2.0 01;
(Note)
When the tool
H021 = -450.000, etc.,
it is set by the negative
value.
Z+2.0
R
R
H01=
-450.0
H01=
-450.0
Z0.0
Workpiece
Table
79
Z2.0
Workpiece
Table
11.1

(5) Notes
To set the tool compensation amount (tool length and tool radius) during automatic operation, set
during the single block stop.
The following will occur when the compensation amount is set during automatic operation.
State during
automatic operation
When tool length offset amount is set
When tool radius

compensation
amount is set
During single stop
Whether to validate the setting from the next

block or from the next H No. command can be
set with parameter (110051 Op Tolcomp ofs
valid).
Other than the above
The set compensation amount is validated from the tool compensation

command block several blocks ahead of the block being executed.
80
Valid from the next

block.
11.2
11.2
11.2.1

Tool Radius Compensation; G40/G41/G42/G38/G39

Outline
This commands the function that compensates the tool radius. This function compensates the actual
tool center path in respect to the program path on the outside or inside by the tool radius amount,
using a combination of G commands and D designations.
Because path calculation is carried out by the intersection calculation method, overcutting does not
occur at the inside of corners.
Compensation control operation is carried out from the G41 or G 42 commanded blocks. In the tool
radius compensation mode, up to five blocks of the program are pre-read, including blocks with no
movement amount. Of those blocks, a tool radius interference check is carried out on the shape of up
to three blocks with movement amount.
G code
G38
G39
G40
G41
G42
Function
Vector change during tool radius compensation
Corner arc during tool radius compensation
Tool radius compensation left command
Tool radius compensation right command
Tool path
r: Tool radius compensation amount
Program path
81
11.2
11.2.2

Command format
G17
Compensation
plane
G01
Cutting
G41
Compensation
command
Xx1
Yy1
Movement
axis
Dd1
Movement Compensation
axis
number
(1) Compensation plane

The compensation plane, movement axis and the next advance direction vector follow the plane
selection command designated from G17 to G19.
G17 XY plane, X, Y, I, J
G18 ZX plane, Z, X, K, I
G19 YZ plane, Y, Z, J, K
(2) Compensation command
Command format
Function
Remarks
G40X_Y_ ;
G41X_Y_ ;
Tool radius compensation (left)
G42X_Y_ ;
Tool radius compensation (right)
G38I_J_ ;
Compensation vector change and Command valid only in the

hold
radius compensation mode
G39X_Y_ ;
Corner changeover
(3) Compensation number

Number of compensations sets differs according to the model.
D01 to Dn
In tool radius compensation, H commands are ignored and only D commands are validated.
82
11.2
11.2.3

Tool radius compensation operations
(1) Tool radius compensation cancel status

(a) The tool radius compensation cancel mode is established by any of the following conditions.
1)
2)
3)
4)
After the power has been turned ON

After the reset button on the CNC unit has been pressed
After the M02 or M30 command with reset function has been executed
After the compensation cancel command (G40) has been executed
(b) The offset vectors are zero in the compensation cancel mode, and the tool center path
matches the program path.
(c) Programs including tool radius compensation must be terminated in the compensation cancel
mode.
(2) Tool radius compensation start (start-up)
(a) Tool radius compensation starts when all the following conditions are met in the compensation
cancel mode.
1) The G41 or G42 command has been issued.
2) The compensation number of the tool radius compensation is 0 < D maximum
compensation number.
3) The movement command is any command except an arc command.
(b) At the start of compensation, regardless of continuous operation and single-block operation,
three blocks of movement commands are always pre-read. If there are not three blocks of
movement commands, maximum of five blocks are pre-read and compensation calculation is
carried out.
Control mode transition diagram
Machining
program
T_;
S_;
G00_;
G41_;
G01_;
G02_;
Starting to pre-read 5 blocks ahead
G01_;
G02_;
Pre-read buffer
T_;
S_;
G00_;
G41_;
G01_;
G02_;
Execution block
T_;
S_;
G00_;
G41_;
G01_;
G02_;
(c) There are two ways of starting the compensation operation: type A and type B.
The type can be selected or de-selected by the parameter.
This type is used in common with the compensation cancel type.
(d) In the following explanatory diagram, "S" denotes the single block stop point.
83
11.2

(3) Start operation for tool radius compensation

(a) Machining an inside corner
Linear Linear
Linear Arc
Program path
r = Compensation amount
Program path
Tool center path
s
G42
G42
Start point
Start point
Tool center
path
Center of arc
(b) Machining an outside corner (obtuse angle) (Type A or B can be selected by parameter)
[90 < 180]
Linear Linear (Type A)
Linear Arc (Type A)
s
Tool center path
G41
G41
Tool center path
Program path
Start point
Start point
Linear Linear (Type B)
Center of arc
Linear Arc (Type B)

Intersection
Intersection
s
Tool center path
r
Program path
r
Tool center path
Program path
G41
Start point
(Note)
G41
Start point
Center of arc
Program path
Cutting in may occur if the compensation amount is larger than the arc radius.
84
11.2

(c) Machining an outside corner(acute angle) (Type A or B can be selected by parameter)

[ < 90]
Linear Arc (Type A)

Center of
arc
s
Tool center path
Tool center path

s
Program path
Program path
G41
G41
Start point
Start point
Linear Arc (Type B)

s
Center of
arc
Tool center path
Tool center path
s
Program path
Program path
G41
Start point
G41
Start point
(Note) An alarm will occur without the radius compensation starting up if cancel G40 is commanded
without an axis movement command in the compensation plane after a G41/G42 command.
85

11.2
(4) Operations in compensation mode

Compensation is valid both for positioning and for interpolation commands such as circular and
linear interpolation.
Even if the same compensation command (G41/G42) is issued in a compensation mode, the
command will be ignored.
When 4 or more blocks not accompanying movement are commanded continuously in the
compensation mode, overcutting or underwriting will result.
(a) Machining an outside corner
Linear Linear (90 < 180)
Linear Linear (0 < < 90)
Tool center path

r
s
Program path
Program path
Tool center path
Intersection
Linear Arc (90 < 180)
Linear Arc (0 < < 90)

Tool center path
s
Program path
Program path
Tool center path

Center of arc
Center of arc
Arc Linear (90 < 180)
Arc Linear (0 < < 90)
Center of arc
Program path
Program path
Tool center path
Tool center path
Center of arc
s
Intersection
s
86
11.2

Arc Arc (90 < 180)
Arc Arc (0 < < 90)
Center of arc
Program path
Program path
r
r
Center of arc
Tool center path
s
Intersection
Center of arc
Tool center path
Center of arc
(b) Machining an inside corner

Linear Linear (Obtuse angle)
Linear Linear (Acute angle)
Program path
Program path
r
s
Intersection
Tool center path
Tool center path
Linear Arc (Obtuse angle)
Linear Arc (Acute angle)
Program path
Program path
Center of arc
r
Tool center path
Tool center path
s
Intersection
s
Intersection
Center of arc
Arc Linear (Obtuse angle)
Arc Linear (Acute angle)
Program path
Center of arc
Program path
s
s
Intersection
Tool center path
Intersection
Tool center path

r
Center of arc
87
11.2

Arc Arc (Obtuse angle)

Intersection
Arc Arc (Acute angle)

Center of arc
Tool center path
Center of arc
Program path
Center of arc
Tool center path
Intersection
Center of arc
r
Program path
(c) When the arc end point is not on the arc

For a spiral arc command The interval from the start point to the end point of the arc
command is interpolated as a spiral arc.
For a normal arc command If the error after compensation is within the value of the
parameters, it is interpolated as a spiral arc.
Hypothetical circle
Tool center path
Program path
End point of arc

r
s
R
Center of arc
(d) When the inner intersection point does not exist

In an instance such as that shown in the figure below, the intersection point of arcs A and B
may cause to exist due to the compensation amount.
Program error stop

Tool center path
Center of arc A
r
r
Program path
A
Line intersecting arcs A and B
88
11.2

(5) Tool radius compensation cancel

If either of the following conditions is met in the tool radius compensation mode, the tool radius
compensation will be canceled.
a. The G40 command has been executed.
b. The compensation number (D00) has been executed.
However, the movement command must be a command which is not an arc command.
If the compensation is canceled by an arc command, alarm results.
The cancel mode is established after the compensation cancel command has been read, 5-block
pre-reading is suspended and 1-block pre-reading is applies instead.
(6) Tool radius compensation cancel operation
(a) Machining an inside corner
Linear Linear
Arc Linear
Program path
s
Tool center path
G40
Program path
G40
End point
End point
Tool center
path
Center of arc
(b) Machining an outside corner (obtuse angle) (Type A or B can be selected by parameter)
Arc Linear (Type A)
s
r = Compensation
amount
Tool center path

r
G40
G40
Tool center path
Program path
End point
End point
Center of arc
Arc Linear (Type B)

Intersection
s
Intersection
s
Tool center path
r
Program path
r
Tool center path
Program path
G40
End point
G40
End point
Center of arc
89
Program path
11.2

(c) Machining an outside corner (acute angle) (Type A or B can be selected by parameter)
Arc Linear (Type A)
Center of
arc
Tool center path
Tool center path

r
s
Program path
Program path
G40
G40
End point
End point
Arc Linear (Type B)
Center of
arc
s
Tool center path
Tool center path
s
Program path
Program path
G40
End point
G40
End point
90
11.2

(7) Corner movement

When a multiple number of compensation vectors are created at the seams between movement
command blocks, the tool will move in a straight line between those vectors.
This action is called corner movement.
The movement for turning the corner is related to the movement of the joining blocks. Thus, the
operation in the single block operation is executed as a single block consisting of the previous
block, the joining movement, and the corner movement. The remaining joining movement and the
next block is executed as one block at the next start.
Program path
N1
N2
r
Tool center path
r
Center of arc
This movement
and feedrate fall
under block N2.
Stop point with single block
91

11.2
11.2.4
Other commands and operations for tool radius compensation
(1) Inserting a corner arc

When the G39 command (corner arc) is assigned without carrying out intersection calculation of
the workpiece corner, the arc with the compensation amount as its radius is inserted. Cutting in
will occur during inside compensation.
(a) For linear
<With inside compensation>
<With outside compensation>
Inserted arc
Inserted arc
Intersection
Tool center path
Program path
r=Compensation amount
r=Compensation
amount
Tool center path
Program path
Intersection
(With G39 command)
(Without G39 command)
(Without G39 command) (With G39 command)
(b) For arc

<With inside compensation>
<With outside compensation>

Inserted arc
Intersection
Tool center path
r=Compensation
amount
r=Compensation amount
Inserted arc
Tool center path
Program path
Program path
s
(With G39 command)
(With G39 command)
Intersection
(Example)
Tool center path
N5
N1 G28X0Y0;
N2 G91G01G42X20.Y20.D1F100;
Program path
N3 G39X40.;
N4
N6
N4 G39Y40.;
N5 G39X-40.;
N6 Y-40.;
N7
N3
N7 G40X-20.Y20.;
N2
N8 M02.;
D1=5.000
N1
(Note)
The corner arc will not be inserted when the G39 independent block is commanded.
92
11.2

(2) Changing/retaining the compensation vectors

The compensation vectors can be changed or retained during tool radius compensation by the
G38 command.
(a) Retaining the vectors:
When G38 is assigned in a block with a movement command, the vectors of the previous
block are retained without the intersection being calculated at the end point of that block.
G38XxYy ;
This function can be used for pick feed, etc.
1. Retaining the inside compensation vector
N11
2. Retaining the outside compensation acute angle

Tool center path
Program path
r1
N12
r1
N13
r1
N11
N11G1Xx11 ;
N12G38Xx12Yy12 ;
N13G40Xx13 ;
N12
r1
Tool center path

N11G1Xx11Yy11 ;
N12G38Xx12Yy12 ;
N13G40Xx13 ;
r1: Vector at N11-N12 block intersection calculation
N13 Program path

r1: Vector at N11-N12 block
intersection calculation
3. Retaining the outside compensation obtuse angle
r1
Tool center path
N12
r1
N11
N11G1Xx11Yy11 ;
N12G38Xx12Yy12 ;
N13G40Xx13 ;
N13 Program path
r1: Vector at N11-N12 block intersection calculation
(b) Changing the vectors :

The direction of the new compensation vectors can be designated with I, J and K, while the
compensation amount can be designated with D .
(These can be commanded in the same block as the movement command.)
G38 Ii Jj Dd ; (I, J and K depend on the selected plane)
Tool center path
d
N13
N12
N11 Program path
N14
N11G1Xx11 ;
N12Yy12 ;
N13G38Xx13IiJjDd ;
N14G40Xx14Yy14 ;
The compensation amount d vector is created

in the commanded i and j vector direction.
(Note) If G38 is commanded in the same block as the arc block (G02/G03) I and J commands,
I and J will be handled as the G38 vector, and "PR0070 Arc end point deviation large"
will occur.
93
11.2

(c) Commanding G41/G42 and vector hold/change (G38) in the same block
When these are commanded in the same block, G41/G42 will be valid and G38 will be ignored
as shown below.
Program command
G40G41/G42+G38
Operation
G41/G42 commands are valid.
G40G41/G42+G38+I, J
G41/G42I, J commands are valid.
G41/G42G41/G42+G38
G41/G42 commands are valid.
G41/G42G41/G42+G38+I, J
G41/G42I, J commands are valid.
94
11.2

(3) Changing the compensation direction during tool radius compensation

(a) The compensation direction is determined by the tool radius compensation commands (G41,
G42) and the compensation amount sign.
Compensation
direction
G41
Left-hand compensation
Right-hand compensation
G42
Right-hand compensation
Left-hand compensation
G code
(b) The compensation direction can be changed by changing the compensation command in the
compensation mode without commanding the compensation cancel. However, no change is
possible in the compensation start block and the following block. Refer to the "General
cautions for tool radius compensation" for the operations when the sign is changed.
LinearLinear
Tool center path
r
Intersection
r
Program path
G41
G42
G41
95
11.2

(c) When there is no intersection at compensation direction change

LinearArc
r
r
r
G41
G41
G42
G41
G42
r
Program path
Tool center path
ArcArc
Tool center path
Center of arc
Program path
G41
G42
G41
Center of arc
G41
G41
G42
When returning with linear

Tool center path
G41
G42
Program path
G42
(d) In the following case, the arc may become 360 or

more.
Program path
a. Compensation direction selection based on

G41/ G42.
b. I, J, K assigned in G40
The tool center passes through an area where
the arc is duplicated due to compensation. An
uncut area will therefore result.
Tool center
path
G41
G42
Uncut section
96

11.2
(4) Command for eliminating compensation vectors temporarily

When the following command is issued in the tool radius compensation mode, the compensation
vectors are temporarily eliminated and a return is then made automatically to the compensation
path. In this case, the compensation is not canceled, and the tool goes directly from the
intersection vector to the point without vectors or, in other words, to the program commanded.
When a return is made to the compensation path, it goes directly to the intersection.
(a) Reference point return command
Middle point
N5
N6
N7
N8
(G41)
N5 G91 G01
X60.
Y30.
N6 G28
X50.
Y-40.
N7
X30.
Y-60.
N8
X70.
Y40.
Compensation at middle point

(temporary vector : 0)
(Reference point when there is no middle
point)
(b) G33 thread cutting command

Tool radius compensation does not apply to the G33 block.
G33
Intersection
(G41)
Tool center path

r
Program path
(c) When G53 (basic machine coordinate system selection) is commanded, the compensation
vector is eliminated temporarily.
(Note)
The compensation vector does not change with the coordinate system setting (G92)
command.
97
11.2

(5) Blocks without movement and M commands prohibiting pre-read

The following blocks are known as blocks without movement.
a. M03 ; M command
b. S12 ; S command
c. T45 ; T command
d. G04X500 ; Dwell
e. G22X100. Y150. Z100. ; Machining prohibit area setting
f. G10L10P01R50 ; Compensation amount setting
g. G92X600. Y400. Z500. ; Coordinate system setting
h. (G17) Z40. ; Movement but not on compensation plane
i. G90 ; G code only
j. G91X0 ; Zero movement amount
M00, M01, M02 and M30 are treated as pre-read prohibit M codes.
(a) When assigned at compensation start
Compensation is performed perpendicularly at the next movement block.
N2
N3
N1
X30.Y60.;
N2
G41 D10; Block without
N3
X20.Y-50.;
N4
X50.Y-20.;
movement
N1
N4
When 4 or more blocks without movement follow in succession and there is an M

command prohibiting pre-read, the compensation vectors will not be created.
N2, 3, 4, 5, 6
N1
N2
N3
N4
N5
N6
N7
N8
X30.Y60.;
G41 D10;
G4 X1000;
F100;
S500;
M3;
X20.Y-50.;
X50.Y-20.;
N7
Block without
movement
(Intersection)
N1
N8
N2~5
N1
N2
N3
N4
N5
N6
N7
G41 X30.Y60.D10;
G4 X1000;
F100;
Block without
S500;
movement
M3;
X20. Y-50.;
X50. Y-20.;
98
N6
N1
(Intersection)
N7
11.2

(b) When assigned in the compensation mode

When 4 or more blocks without movement do not follow in succession in the compensation
mode and there is no M command prohibiting pre-read, the intersection vectors will be
created as usual.
N7
N6 G91X100. Y200.;
N7 G04X P1000;
N8 X200. ;
N8
Block without
movement
N8
N6
Block N7 is executed here.

N6
When 4 or more blocks without movement follow in succession and when there is an M
command prohibiting pre-read in the compensation mode, the compensation vectors are
created perpendicularly at the end point of the previous block.
N11
N6
N7
N8
N9
N10
N11
X100. Y200.;
G4 X1000;
F100 ;
S500 ;
M4 ;
X100. ;
Block without
movement
N11
N6
N7 to N10
N6
In this case, cutting results.
(c) When commanded together with compensation cancel

Only the compensation vectors are canceled when a block without movement is
commanded together with the G40 command.
N8
N7
N6
N7
N8
X100. Y200. ;
G40 G04P1000 ;
X100. Y50. ;
N6
99
11.2

(6) When I, J, K are commanded in G40

(a) When the last movement command block among the 4 blocks before the G40 block is in the
G41 or G42 mode, it is considered to be commanded in the vector I, J and K direction from the
end point of the last movement command, and compensation is canceled after interpolation up
to the intersection with the corresponding hypothetical tool center path. There is no change in
the compensation direction.
Hypothetical tool center path
(a,b)
(i,j)
N2
Tool center path
G41
N1 (G41)G1X_ ;
N2 G40 XaTbIiJj ;
r
r
r
N1
Program path
In this case, care is required since the intersection must be sought even when the command
vector is incorrect, as in the figure below, regardless of the compensation direction.
(a,b)
N2
Tool center path
G41
N1
Program path
When the I, J signs

are incorrect in the
above program
example
(i,j)
When the compensation vectors are extremely large as a result of the intersection calculation,
perpendicular vectors are created in the block before G40.
(a,b)
G40
Tool center path
G41
Program path
(i,j)
(b) Care should be taken with the G40 command after an arc command since a section may be
left uncut when the arc exceeds 360 due to the contents of I, J and K.
r
Section left uncut
N2
N1 (G42,G91) G01X200. ;
N2 G02 J150. ;
N3 G40 G1X150.Y-150.I-100.J100. ;
(i,j)
Program path
N1
Tool center path
r
G42
G40
N3
100

11.2
11.2.5
G41/G42 commands and I, J, K designation
The compensation direction can be intentionally changed by issuing the G41/G42 command and I, J,
K in the same block.
(1) Command format
G17 (XY plane) G41/G42 X__ Y__ I__ J__ ;
G18 (ZX plane) G41/G42 X__ Z__ I__ K__ ;
G19 (YZ plane) G41/G42 Y__ Z__ J__ K__ ;
Assign a linear command (G00, G01) in a movement mode.
(2) I, J type vectors (G17 XY plane selection)
The new I, J type vector (G17 plane) created by this command is now described.
Similar descriptions apply to vector K, I for the G18 plane and to J, K for the G19 plane.
As shown in the figures below, the vectors with a size equivalent to the compensation amount are
made to serve as the I, J type compensation vector perpendicularly to the direction designated by I,
J without the intersection of the programmed path being calculated.
The I, J vector can be commanded during the compensation mode (when G41/42 are commanded
in the same block) even at the compensation start.
Even when the compensation mode is entered, if there is no G41/G42 command, the I, J vector
command will be ignored.
(a) When I, J is commanded at compensation start
1) When there are movement commands
N110
N120
N130
N140
N100
(G40)
N150
D1
G91 G41 X100. Y100. I150. D1 ;

G04 X1000 ;
G01 F1000 ;
S500 ;
M03 ;
X150. ;
Program path
N100
N110
N120
N130
N140
N150
Tool center path
2) When there are no movement commands

Y
(G40)
N3
N1
N2
N3
X
N2
G41 I150. D1 ;
G91 X100. Y100. ;
X150. ;
D1 N1
101
11.2

(b) When I, J has been assigned in G41/G42 mode

1) When there are movement commands
(I,J) N110
(2)
D1
N100
N120
(G17 G41 G91)

N100 G41 G00X150. J50. ;
N110 G02 I150. ;
N120 G00 X-150. ;
(1)
(2)
(N120)
X
Program path
(1) I,J type vector

(2) Intersection calculation type vector
Tool center path

Path with intersection calculation
(K,I) N110
N100
(G18 G41 G91)

N100 G41 G00 Z150. I50. ;
N110 G02 K50. ;
N120 G00 Z-150. ;
N120
(N120)
(J,K) N110
N100
(G19 G41 G91)

N100 G41 G00 Y150. K50. ;
N110 G02 J50. ;
N120 G00 Y-150. ;
N120
(N120)
2) When there are no movement commands

N3
N2
N4
(I,J)
N1
D1
102
N5
N1
N2
N3
N4
N5
G41 D1 G01 F1000 ;

G91 X100. Y100. ;
G41 I50. ;
X150. ;
G40 ;
11.2

(3) Direction of offset vectors

(a) In G41 mode
Direction produced by rotating the direction commanded by I, J through 90 to the left from the
forward direction of the Z axis (3rd axis) as seen to the zero point
(Example 1)
With I100.
(Example 2)
With I 100.
(100, 0) I, J direction
Offset vector direction
(b) In G42 mode

Direction produced by rotating the direction commanded by I, J through 90 to the right from
the forward direction of the Z axis (3rd axis) as seen to the zero point
(Example 1)
With I100.
(Example 2)
With I 100.
(4) Selection of offset modal

The G41 or G42 modal can be selected at any time.
Y
N1
N2
N3
N4
N5
N6
N7
%
X
N4
N3
(I,J)
D2
N2
D1
N5
N6
103
G28 X0Y0 ;
G41 D1 F1000 ;
G01 G91 X100. Y100. ;
G42 X100. I100. J-100. D2;
X100. Y-100. ;
G40 ;
M02 ;
11.2

(5) Compensation amount for offset vectors

The compensation amounts are determined by the compensation number (modal) in the block
with the I, J designation.
(Example 1)
A
D1
(G41 D1 G91)
D1
(I,J)
N100
N100 G41 X150. I50. ;

N110 X100. Y-100. ;
N110
x
Vector A
block.
is the compensation amount entered in compensation number modal D1 in the N100
(Example 2)
(G41 D1 G91)
B
D1
y
D2
N200 G41 X150. I50. D2 ;

N210 X100. Y-100. ;
(I,J)
N200
N210
x
Vector B
block.
is the compensation amount entered in compensation number modal D2 in the N200
(6) Notes
(a) Issue the I, J type vector in a linear mode (G00, G01). If it is issued in an arc mode at the start
of compensation, program error will result.
An I, J designation in an arc mode functions as an arc center designation in the circular mode.
(b) When the I, J type vector has been designated, it is not deleted (avoidance of interference)
even if there is interference. Consequently, overcutting may arise in such a case.
y
Cutting
x
(I,J)
N2
N4
N5
N3
104
N6
N1
N2
N3
N4
N5
N6
N7
G28 X0 Y0 ;
G42 D1 F1000 ;
G91 X100. ;
G42 X100. Y100. I10. ;
X100. Y-100. ;
G40 ;
M02 ;
11.2

(7) Supplementary notes

(a) The vectors differ for the G38 I_J_ (K_) command and G41/G42 I_J_ (K_) command.
G38
G38
G91
G41/G42
(G41)
(G41)
X100.
I50.
J50. ;
G41
G91
X100.
I50.
J50. ;
:
(I, J)
(I, J)
(Compensation
amount)
(Compensation
amount)
Vector with size of compensation amount in I,

J direction
Vector with size of compensation amount

perpendicularly to the I, J direction
(b) Refer to the following table for the compensation direction which can be applied depending on
whether or not the G41/G42 and I, J (K) commands are used in combination.
G41/G42
I, J, (K)
Compensation method
No
No
Intersection calculation type vector
No
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
I, J type vector (No insertion block)

A
N3
N1 G91 G01 G41 X200

D1 F1000 ;
N2 X-150. Y150. ;
N3 G41 X300. I50. ;
N4 X-150. Y-150. ;
N5 G40 X-200. ;
(I,J)
N4
N2
Y
N1
N5
105
The A insertion block is not used with I, J

type vector compensation
11.2
11.2.6

Interrupts during tool radius compensation
(1) MDI interrupt

Tool radius compensation is valid in any automatic operation mode - whether tape, memory or
MDI operation.
An interrupt based on MDI will give the result as in the figure below after block stop during tape or
memory operation.
(a) Interrupt without movement (tool path does not change)
N1G41D1 ;
N2X-20. Y-50. ;
N3G3 X-40. Y40. R70. ;
S (Stop position
with single block)
MDI interrupt
S1000 M3;
N2
N3
(b) Interrupt with movement

The compensation vectors are automatically re-calculated at the movement block after
interrupt.
With linear interrupt
S
N1G41D1
N2X-20. Y-50. ;
N3G3 X-40. Y40. R70. ;
MDI interrupt
S
X-50. Y30. ;
X-30. Y50. ;
N2
N3
With arc interrupt

N1G41 D1 ;
N2X-20. Y-50. ;
MDI interrupt
N3G3 X-40.Y40. R70. ;
G2 X-40. Y-40. R70. ;

G1 X-4. ;
S
N2
106
N3

11.2
(2) Manual interrupt

(a) Interrupt with manual absolute OFF.
The tool path is shifted by an amount equivalent to the interrupt amount.
Tool path after interrupt
Tool path after

compensation
Interrupt
Program path
(b) Interrupt with manual absolute ON.

In the incremental value mode, the same operation results as with manual absolute OFF.
Interrupt
In the absolute value mode, however, the tool returns to its original path at the end point of the
block following the interrupted block, as shown in the figure.
Interrupt
107
11.2
11.2.7

General cautions for tool radius compensation
(1) Assigning the compensation amounts

The compensation amount is assigned by designating the compensation amount number using a
D code. Once a D code has been designated, it will remain valid until a separate D code is
subsequently commanded. Program error occurs when designation is made by an H code.
Besides being used to designate the compensation amounts for tool radius compensation, the D
codes are also used to assign the compensation amounts for tool position offset.
(2) Changing the compensation amounts
(a) Compensation amounts are normally changed when a different tool has been selected in the
radius compensation cancel mode. However, when an amount is changed in a compensation
mode, the vectors at the end point of the block are calculated using the compensation amount
designated in that block. Refer to "11.2.8 Changing the compensation number in the
compensation mode" for details.
(b) To set the tool compensation amount (tool length and tool radius) during automatic operation,
set during the single block stop.
The following will occur when the compensation amount is set during automatic operation.
State during
automatic
operation
When tool length offset amount is set
When tool radius

compensation
amount is set
During single stop
Whether to validate the setting from the next

block or from the next H No. command can be
set with parameter (110051 Op Tolcomp ofs
valid).
Other than the

above
The set compensation amount is validated from the tool compensation

command block several blocks ahead of the block being executed.
Valid from the next

block.
(3) Compensation amount sign and tool center path

When the compensation amount is given a negative () sign, the resulting shape is the same as
when the G41 and G42 commands have all been replaced. Thus, the tool that was rotating around
the outer periphery of the workpiece rotates around the inner periphery, and that rotating around
the inner periphery rotates around the outer periphery.
Workpiece
Workpiece
Tool center path

G41 compensation amount (+) or G42
compensation amount ()
(a)
Tool center path

G41 compensation amount () or G42
compensation amount (+)
(b)
108
11.2
11.2.8

Changing the compensation number in the compensation mode
In principle, the compensation numbers should not be changed in a compensation mode. If they are
changed, operation will be as follows.
(a) LinearLinear
Compensation amount
assigned by N101
Tool center path
r1
r1
Compensation
amount assigned
by N102
r2
N102
N101
r2
N103
Program path
Tool center path
r1
r1
Program path
r1
r1
r2
r2
109
11.2

(b) LinearArc
Tool center path
r2
r1
Program path
N102
G02
r1
N101
Center of arc
Tool center path
r1
Program path
r1
N101
r1
r1
N102
G03
r2
Center of arc
(c) ArcArc
Tool center path
r1
Program path
N101
r1
N102
Center of arc
Center of arc
r1
r1
r1
r2
Tool center path
Program path
Center of arc
Center of arc
110
r2
11.2
11.2.9

Tool radius compensation start and Z-axis cutting
The usual method of Z-axis cutting consists in first applying radius compensation (normally on the XY
plane) beforehand at a position distanced from the workpiece when cutting starts. Bear in mind the
following points for programming if the Z-axis operation is to be divided into two stages: rapid traverse
and then cutting feed after the work is approached.
When the following has been programmed.
Tool center path
N1 G91 G00 G41 X 500. Y 500. D1 ;

N2 S1000 ;
N3 M3 ;
N4 G01 Z-300. F1 ;
N6
Y 100. F2 ;
N4
N4: Z-axis
descends
(1 block)
N6
N6
N1
N1
Y
Z
If programmed in this way, it is possible to read up to the N6 block at N1 compensation start, determine
the relationship between N1 and N6 and proceed with compensation properly as shown in the above
figure.
Next, when the N4 block in the above program has been divided into two:
N1
N1 G91 G00 G41 X 500. Y 500. D1 ;

N2 S1000 ;
N3 M3 ;
N4
Z-250. ;
N5 G01 Z-50. F1 ;
N6
Y 100. F2 ;
N6
N4
N5
N6
Cutting
N1
It is not possible here to read as far as the N6 block at N1 compensation start since there are four
blocks (N2 to N5) without a command on the XY plane.
Compensation is therefore based on the information in N1 block only, and the NC system cannot
create compensation vectors at compensation start. Over-cutting therefore results, as shown in the
above figure.
In cases like this, by taking the calculations performed inside the NC system into prior consideration, it
is possible to safeguard against over-cutting provided that, after the Z axis has descended, the
command in the same direction at the advance direction is already assigned immediately before the Z
axis cutting.
N1 G91 G00 G41 X 500. Y 400. D1 ;
N2
Y100. S1000 ;
N3 M3 ;
N4
Z-250. ;
N5 G01 Z-50. F1 ;
N6
Y 100. F2 ;
N6
N6
N2
N2
N1
N6
N5
N1
Y
X
The same direction as the N6 advance direction is assigned in N2 so that compensation is performed
properly.
111
11.2
11.2.10

Interference check
(1) Outline
A tool, whose radius has been compensated under the tool radius compensation function by the
usual 2-block pre-read, may sometimes cut into the workpiece. This is known as interference, and
interference check is the function which prevents this from occurring.
There are three types of interference check, as indicated below, and each can be selected for use
by parameter.
Function
Parameter
Operation
Interference check
alarm function
Rad compen intrf byp OFF

Tcomp interf chk OFF
Program error results before block

causing cut is executed, and operation
stops.
Interference check
avoidance function
Rad compen intrf byp ON

Tcomp interf chk OFF
Tool path is changed so that workpiece

is not cut into.
Interference check
invalid function
Tcomp interf chk ON
Cutting proceeds unchanged even when

it occurs.
Use this for microscopic segment
programs.
(Example)
Avoidance path
(G41)
N1 G90 G1 X50. Y-100. ;
N2 X70. Y-100. ;
N3 X120. Y0 ;
Outer diameter
of tool
N1
N3
N2
Cutting with N2
Cutting with N2
(a) With alarm function

The alarm occurs before N1 is executed and so, using the buffer correction function, N1 block
can be changed as below and machining can be continued:
N1 G90 G1 X20. Y-40. ;
(b) With avoidance function
The intersection of N1 and N3 is calculated and the interference avoidance vectors are
created.
(c) With interference check invalid function
The tool passes while cutting the N1 and N3 linear.
112

11.2
(Example of interference check)

3'
4'
2 '
N3
4'
4
N1
N2
Vector 1
Vector 2
Vector 3
check No interference
check No interference
check Interference Vectors 3 2 deleted
Vectors 4 1 deleted
As a result of the above processing, vectors 1 , 2 , 3 and 4 remain as the valid vectors and
operation is executed with the path connecting vectors 1 , 2 , 3 and 4 as the interference
avoidance path.
(a) Conditions regarded as interference
Interference is regarded as occurring when the compensation calculated vectors, which have
been created at the point of contact with movement commands, intersect in a case where
there are movement commands in 3 blocks among the 5 pre-read blocks.
Tool center path
Program path
r
N3
Vectors intersect here.
N1
N2
(b) When interference check is not possible

1) When it is not possible to pre-read movement commands for 3 blocks
(When there are 3 or more blocks without movement among the 5 pre-read blocks)
2) When interference occurs at the fourth or subsequent movement command block
Tool center path
Program path
N6
N1
N5
No interference check possible
N2
N3
N4
113
11.2

(c) Operation during interference avoidance

The following operation is undertaken when the interference avoidance function is available.
Tool center path
Program path
N3
N1
N2
Tool center path

Program path
R
N2
When the compensation amount is larger

than the arc radius, it will be interpreted
as a straight line during operation.
N3
N1
Note that if the arc block is interpreted as a straight line, when the compensation direction with
the previous and next blocks is on the inner side, it will not be interpreted as a straight line,
and interference avoidance will be carried out.
N3
Tool center path
Program path
R
Avoidance vector
N2
N1
114

11.2
Solid line vector : Valid

Broken line vector : Invalid
Tool center path when
interference is avoided
Tool center path without
interference check
Program path
N2
N3
N1
Tool center path when

interference is avoided
Linear movement
Tool center path without

interference check
Program path
N3
N2
N1
Center of arc
r
Avoidance
vector
N3
N2
Tool center path
When all the interference
avoidance line vectors have
been deleted, new
avoidance vectors are
created as shown in the
figure on the right and
interference is avoided.
N1 Avoidance vector
Program path
N4
r2
r1
N3
Avoidance vector 1
Tool center path 2

Tool center path 1 r2
2 2
Avoidance vector
r1
N1
Program path
In the figure below, the groove is left uncut.

Interference
avoidance path
Tool center path
Program path
115
N2
11.2

(3) Interference check alarm

The interference check alarm occurs under the following conditions.
(a) When the interference check alarm function has been selected
When all the vectors at the end point of its own block have been deleted
When, as shown in the figure, vectors 1 to 4 at the end point of the N1 block have all been
deleted, program error results prior to N1 execution.
N1
N2
23
N3
(b) When the interference check avoidance function has been selected
1) When there are valid vectors at the end point of the following block even when all the
vectors at the end point of its own block have been deleted
a. When, as shown in the figure, the N2 in interference check is conducted, the N2 end
point vectors are all deleted but the N3 end point vectors are regarded as valid.
Program error now occurs at the N1 end point.
N4
4
N3
Alarm stop
N2
2
N1
b. In a case such as that shown in the figure, the tool will move in the reverse direction at
N2. Program error results prior to N1 execution.
1234
N4
N1
N2
N3
116
11.2

2) When the avoidance vectors cannot be created

Even when, as shown in the figure, the conditions for creating the avoidance vectors are
met, it may still be impossible to create these vectors or the interference vectors may
interfere with N3.
As a result, program error will occur at the N1 end point when the vector intersecting angle
is more than 90.
.
Alarm stop
N1
N2
N4
N3
Alarm stop
N1
N2
N4
N3
Angle of
intersection
3) When the program advance direction and the advance direction after compensation are
reversed
When a groove that is parallel or has a widening bottom that is narrower than the tool
diameter is programmed, even if interference does not actually occur, it will be interpreted
as occurring.
Program path
Tool center path

Stop
117
11.2
11.2.11

Compensation amount diameter designation
By setting the control parameter "#320039 OFS Diameter DESIGN" ON, the compensation amount
set in the command tool number can be recognized as the diameter compensation amount, and
converted into a radius compensation amount during compensation.
(Example)
For 100.0 circle machining
:
G01 G41 X50. D1 F100 ;
G03 I-50. ;
G01 G40 X0 F500 ;
:
Workpiece
Program path
100.0
Tool center path
With the D1 = 20.0 setting, the tool

center path is set for the radius
compensation amount 10.0.
20 tool
118
11.3
11.3

Three-dimensional Tool Radius Compensation; G40/G41/G42
(1) Outline
The three-dimensional tool radius compensation offsets the tool in a three-dimensional space
following the commanded three-dimensional vectors.
Tool
Tool center coordinate

values (x', y', z')
Plane normal line vector (I, J, K)
r: Tool radius
Workpiece
Z(K)
Program coordinate value

(x, y, z)
Three-dimensional
compensation vector
X(I)
Y(J)
As shown above, the tool is moved with the tool center coordinate values (x', y', z') offset by the
tool radius r in respect to the program coordinate values (x, y, z) following the plane normal line
vector (I, J, K).
While two-dimensional tool radius compensation creates the vectors at a right angle in the (I, J, K)
direction, three-dimensional tool radius compensation creates the vector in the (I, J, K) direction.
(The vector is created at the end point of the block.)
The three-dimensional compensation vector (offset) axis elements are as follows.
Hx =
I
2
(I + J + K )
Hy =
J
2
(I + J + K )
Hz =
K
2
(I + J + K )
Thus, the tool center coordinate values (x', y', z') are each expressed as follows. Note that (x, y, z)
are the program coordinate values.
x = x + Hx
y = y + Hy
z = z + Hz
(Note 1) Three-dimensional compensation vector (Hx, Hy, Hz) refers to the plane normal line
vector such as follows ;
The direction is same as the plane normal line vector (I, J, K ).
The size equals to the tool radius ( r ).
(Note 2) When the machining parameter "330013 3-dimensional compen" is set to a value other
2
2
2
than "0", "330013 3-dimensional compen" will be used as the
(I + J + K ) value.
(Refer to the Parameter Manual for details.)
(Note 3) This function is an additional specifications. If commanded when the function is not
provided, "PR0154 No 3D-compensation spec." will occur.
119
11.3

(2) Command format

The compensation number D and plane normal line vector (I, J, K) are commanded in the same
block as the three-dimensional tool radius compensation command G41 (G42).
Setting all three axes of the plane normal line vector (I, J, K) are required. If any axis is not
commanded, the mode will be handled as the normal tool radius compensation mode. (When
setting "0" to the axes, this command is valid.)
G41 (G42)
Three-dimensional
tool radius
compensation
command *1
Xx Yy Zz
Ii Jj Kk
Movement axis
command
compensation
space *2
Plane normal
line vector
Xx Yy Zz
Ii Jj Kk ;
Dd ;
In three-dimensional tool radius

compensation command
Each axis movement command and
the new plane normal line vector are
commanded.
Refer to (Example 3) to (Example 7).
Three-dimensional tool radius
compensation cancel
The three-dimensional tool radius
compensation cancel command G40
(or D00) is commanded independently
or in the same block with a movement
axis command.
Refer to (Example 8) and (Example 9).
G40 ; (or D00 ;)

G40 Xx Yy Zz ; (or Xx Yy Zz D00 ;)
Compensation
Three-dimensional tool radius
Compensation compensation start

No.
Refer to (Example 1) and (Example 2).
Compensation amount: +
Compensation amount:
D00
G40
Cancel
Cancel
Cancel
G41
I, J, K direction
I, J, K reverse direction
Cancel
G42
I, J, K reverse direction
I, J, K direction
Cancel
G code
*2 The compensation space is determined by

the three-dimensional tool radius
compensation start block's axis address
command (X, Y, Z, U, V, W). Here, U, V
and W are each the additional axes for the
X, Y and Z axis.
(Example) G17
G41 Xx Yy Zz Ii Jj Kk ;
If the X axis and U axis (Y and V, Z and W)

are commanded simultaneously in the
three-dimensional tool radius
compensation start block, the currently
commanded plane selection axis will have
the priority.
If the axis address is not commanded, it will
be interpreted that the X, Y and Z axes are
commanded for the coordinate axes.
120
XYZ space
G17 ;
G41 Yy Ii Jj Kk ;
XYZ space
G17 V ;
G41 Xx Vv Zz Ii Jj Kk ;
XVZ space
G17 W ;
G41 Ww Ii Jj Kk ;
XYW space
G17 ;
G41 Xx Yy Zz Ww Ii Jj Kk ;
XYZ space
G17 W;
G41 Xx Yy Zz Ww Ii Jj Kk ;
XYW space
G17 ;
G41 Ii Jj Kk ;
XYZ space
G17 U ;
G41 Ii Jj Kk ;
UYZ space
11.3
(Example 1)

Radius compensation start: When there is a movement command

G41 Xx Yy Zz Ii Jj Kk Dd ;
Tool center path
Three-dimensional
compensation vector
Program path
Start point
(Example 2)
Radius compensation start: When there is no movement command
G41 Ii Jj Kk Dd ;
Tool center path
Three-dimensional
compensation vector
Start point
(Example 3)
Movement during radius compensation: When there is a movement command and a

plane normal line vector command
Xx Yy Zz Ii Jj Kk
;
Tool center path
New vector
Old vector
Program path
Start point
(Example 4)
Movement during radius compensation: When there is no plane normal line vector
command
Xx Yy Zz ;
Tool center path
New vector
Old vector
Program path
Start point
121
11.3
(Example 5)

Movement during radius compensation: For arc or helical cutting

The I, J, K command for an arc or helical cutting is the arc center command.
The new vector is equivalent to the old vector.
For the R command, even if I, J, K is commanded, they will be ignored, and the new
vector will be equivalent to the old vector.
G02 Xx Yy (Zz) Ii Jj ; I, J (K) express the arc center.
Or
G02 Xx Yy (Zz) Rr ; R designated arc
Tool center path
Old vector
New vector
Program path
Start point
(Note) The center coordinate value will not shift for an arc or helical cutting.
Thus, when the arc I, J, K is commanded with the following type of vector, the
error "PR0070 Arc end point deviation large" will occur.
G02 Xx Yy (Zz) Ii Jj ; I, J (K) express the arc center.
Or
G02 Xx Yy (Zz) Rr ; R-designated arc
Tool center path
Old vector
New vector
Start point
Program path
Arc radius
Arc radius
Center of arc
(Example 6)
Movement during radius compensation: When offset amount is changed

G41 Xx Yy Zz Ii Jj Kk Dd1 ;
Tool enter path
New vector
Old vector
Program path
Start point
(Note 1) If I, J, K is not commanded in a block where the offset amount is changed, the
vector will be equivalent to the old vector. In this case, the modal will change,
but the offset amount will change when I, J, K is commanded.
122
11.3
(Example 7)

Movement during radius compensation: When offset direction is changed

Program path
G42 Xx Yy Zz Ii Jj Kk ;
New vector
Tool center path
Old vector
Start point
(Note 1) If I, J and K are not commanded in a block where the offset direction is to be
changed, the vector will be equivalent to the old vector and the offset direction
will not be changed
In this case, the modal will change, but the offset direction will change when I,
J and K are commanded.
(Note 2) If the offset direction is changed in an arc (G2/G3) block, I, J will be the center
of arc, so the offset direction will not change. For the R command, even if I, J
and K are commanded, they will be ignored, and the offset direction cannot
be changed.
(Example 8)
Radius compensation cancel: When there is a movement command

G40 Xx Yy Zz ; (Or Xx Yy Zz D00 ;)
Tool enter path

Old vector
End point
Start point
(Example 9)
Program path
Radius compensation cancel: When there is no movement command
G40 ; (Or D00 ;)
Old vector
Program path
123
Tool enter path
11.3

(3) Related items with other functions

(a) Tool radius compensation
If the plane normal line vector (I, J, K) is not commanded for all three axes in the
three-dimensional tool radius compensation start block, the mode will be handled as the
normal tool radius compensation mode.
If G41 (G42) is commanded without commanding the plane normal line vector during
three-dimensional tool radius compensation, the modal will change but the old vector will be
used.
If G41 (G42) with the plane normal line vector is commanded during tool radius
compensation, this command will be ignored and the normal tool radius compensation will
take place.
(b) Tool length offset
The tool length offset is applied on the coordinate values after three-dimensional tool radius
compensation.
(c) Tool position offset
The tool position offset is applied on the coordinate values after three-dimensional tool radius
compensation.
(d) Fixed cycle
A program error "PR0155 Fix cyc executed during compen" will occur.
(e) Scaling
Scaling is applied on the coordinate values before three-dimensional tool radius
compensation. Scaling is not applied on the plane normal line vector (I, J, K).
D1=10.
X
G90 ;
G51 X0 Y0 P0.5 ;
N1 G41 D1 X-10. Y-20. Z-10. I-5. J-5. K-5. ;
N2 X-30. Y-30. Z-20. ;
Program path
N3 X-50. Y-20. Z-10. ;
Path after compensation
N4 Y0. ;
-50.
-30.
-20.
-10.
Program path
after scaling
Path after scaling
and compensation
-20.
Plane normal line vector
N1( -5.000, -10.000, -10.000 )

N1( -10.773, -15.773, -15.773 )
-30.
Y
N2( -15.000, -15.000, -20.000 )

N2( -20.773, -20.773, -25.773 )
N3( -25.000, -10.000, -10.000 )
N3( -30.773, -15.773, -15.773 )
N4( -25.000, 0.000, -10.000 )
N4( -30.773, -5.773, -15.773 )
X
Program path
after scaling
-10.

Program path
-20.
* Upper line: Program value after scaling

Lower line: Value after scaling and compensation
Path after scaling

and compensation
Z
124
11.3
(f)

Program coordinate rotation

Program coordinate rotation is executed in respect to the coordinate values before
three-dimensional tool radius compensation.
The plane normal line vector (I, J, K) dose not rotate.
D1=10.
X
G90 ;
G68 X0 Y0 R45. ;
N1 G41 D1 X-10. Y-20. Z-10. I-5. J-5. K-5. ;
N2 X-30. Y-30. Z-20. ;
Program path
N3 X-50. Y-20. Z-10. ;
N4 Y0. ;
-50.
-30.
-20. -10.
Program path after
coordinate rotation
Path after coordinate

rotation and compensation
N1
-20.
N1(
N1(
7.071, -21.213, -10.000 )

1.298, -26.986, -15.773 )
-30.
N2( 0.000, -42.426, -20.000 )

N2( -5.773, -48.199, -25.773 )
N2
N4
N3( -21.213, -49.497, -10.000 )

N3( -26.986, -55.270, -15.773 )
N3
N4( -35.355, -35.355, -10.000 )

N4( -41.128, -41.128, -15.773 )
X
Upper
line: Program value after coordinate rotation
*
Lower line: Value after coordinate rotation and compensation
Program path after

coordinate rotation
N1
-10.
N4
Program path
N3
N2
-20.
Path after coordinate

rotation and compensation
(g) Parameter coordinate rotation

Parameter coordinate rotation is executed on the coordinate value after three-dimensional
tool radius compensation.
The plane normal line vector (I, J, K) rotates.
(h) Mirror image
Mirror image is applied on the coordinate values after three-dimensional tool radius
compensation.
Mirror image is applied on the plane normal line vector (I, J, K).
(i)
Skip
The program error "PR0608 Skip during radius compen" will occur.
(j)
Zero point compare

The compensation amount will not be canceled. Thus, if this is commanded during
three-dimensional tool radius compensation, the path will be deviated by the offset amount,
so the "PR0434 Verification error axis exists" will occur.
(k) Automatic corner override

Automatic corner override is invalid during three-dimensional tool radius compensation.
125
11.3
(l)

Machine coordinate system selection

1) For an absolute value command, all axes will be temporarily canceled at the commanded
coordinate position.
D1=10.
-50.
G90 ;
N1 G41 D1 X-10. Y-20. Z-10. I-5. J-5. K-5. ;
N2 X-30. Y-30. Z-20. ;
N3 X-50. Y-20. Z-10. ;
N4 G53 Y0 ;
-20.
-30.
-10.
Program path
-20.
N1( -10.000, -20.000, -10.000 )
N1( -15.773, -25.773, -15.773 )
-30.
Y
N2( -30.000, -30.000, -20.000 )

N2( -35.773, -35.773, -25.773 )
N3( -50.000, -20.000, -10.000 )

N3( -55.773, -25.773, -15.773 )
N4( -50.000,
N4( -50.000,
-10.
Program path
0.000, -10.000 )
0.000, -10.000 )
Path after
-20.
compensation
* Upper line: Program value

Lower line: Value after compensation
Z
2) For an incremental value command, the axis will move by the amount obtained by
subtracting each axis vector from the movement increment value.
(The offset amount is temporarily canceled.)
D1=10.
G91 ;
N1 G41 D1 X-10. Y-20. Z-10. I-5. J-5. K-5. ;
N2 X-20. Y-10. Z-10. ;
N3 X-20. Y10. Z10. ;
N4 G53 Y20. ;
-50.
-30.
-20.
-10.
Program path
-20.
N1( -10.000, -20.000, -10.000 )
N1( -15.773, -25.773, -15.773 )
-30.
Y
N2( -30.000, -30.000, -20.000 )

N2( -35.773, -35.773, -25.773 )
N3( -50.000, -20.000, -10.000 )

N3( -55.773, -25.773, -15.773 )
N4( -50.000,
N4( -50.000,
-10.
Program path
0.000, -10.000 )
0.000, -10.000 )
Path after
compensation
-20.

Z
126
11.3

(m) Coordinate system setting

When commanded in the same block as the coordinate system setting, the coordinate
system will be set, and operation will start up independently with the plane normal line vector
(I, J, K).
D1=10.
X
-50.
G91 ;
N1 G92 G41 D1 X-10. Y-20. Z-10. I-5. J-5. K-5. ;
N2 X-20. Y-10. Z-10. ;
N3 X-30. Y-10. Z10. ;
N4 Y20. ;
-30.
-20.
W(0,0)
-10.
Program path
G92
N1( -10.000, -20.000, -10.000 )
N1( -15.773, -25.773, -15.773 )
-20.
-30.
N2( -30.000, -30.000, -20.000 )

N2( -35.773, -35.773, -25.773 )
Y
X
N3( -50.000, -20.000, -10.000 )

N3( -55.773, -25.773, -15.773 )
W(0,0)
G92
N4( -50.000, 0.000, -10.000 )

N4( -55.773, -5.773, -15.773 )
-10.
Program path
-20.

Path after
compensation
(n) Reference point return

All axes will be temporarily canceled at the intermediate point.
-70.
-50.
-30.
-20.
M(0,0)
-30.
-50.
D1=10.
-20.
-10.
W(0,0)
G91 ;
N1 G41 D1 X-10. Y-20. Z-10. I-5. J-5. K-5. ;
N2 X-20. Y-10. Z-10. ;
N3 X-20. Y10. Z10. ;
N4 G28 X0 Y0 Z0 ;
-10.
Program path
N1( -10.000, -20.000, -10.000 )

N1( -15.773, -25.773, -15.773 )
-20.
-30.
Path after
compensation -30.
-40.
N2( -30.000, -30.000, -20.000 )

N2( -35.773, -35.773, -25.773 )
N3( -50.000, -20.000, -10.000 )
N3( -55.773, -25.773, -15.773 )
N4(
N4(
0.000,
0.000,
0.000,
0.000,
M(0,0)
X
0.000 )
0.000 )
W(0,0)
-10.
Program path
N4( 20.000, 10.000, 10.000 )

N4( 20.000, 10.000, 10.000 )
-10.
-20.
Path after
compensation -20.
-30.
127
11.3

(o) NC reset
The three-dimensional tool radius compensation will be canceled if NC reset is executed
during three-dimensional tool radius compensation.
(p) Emergency stop
The three-dimensional tool radius compensation will be canceled by the emergency stop or
emergency stop cancel during three-dimensional tool radius compensation.
(4) Restrictions
(a) The compensation number is selected with the D command, but the D command is valid only
when G41 and G42 are commanded. If D is not commanded, the number of the previous D
command will be valid.
(b) Change to the compensation mode in the G00 or G01 mode. When changed during the arc
mode, the program error "PR0150 Radius compen in arc modal" will occur.
The compensation direction and offset amount after the changes are valid from the block
where I, J and K are commanded in the G00 or G01 mode.
If the three-dimensional tool radius compensation command is used in a block not containing
the plane normal line vector (I, J, K) during the arc mode, only the modal information will
change. The plane normal line vector will be validated from the block where I, J and K are
commanded next.
(c) During the three-dimensional tool radius compensation mode in a certain space, the space
cannot be changed to another space and three-dimensional tool radius compensation cannot
be carried out. To change the compensation space, always carry out cancel (G40 or D00).
(Example)
G41 Xx Yy Zz Ii Jj Kk; Compensation starts in X, Y, Z space.
:
:
G41 Uu Yy Zz Ii Jj Kk; Compensation is carried out in X, Y, Z space, and U axis moves
by commanded value.
(d) If the compensation number D exceeds 1 to 40 with the standard specifications or 1 to 800
(max.) with the additional specifications, the program error "PR0170 No compensation
number" will occur.
(e) Only the G40 and D00 commands can be used to cancel three-dimensional tool radius
compensation.
(f)
If the size (I2+J2+K2) of the vector commanded with I, J and K overflows, the program error
"PR0035 Address range over" will occur.
128
11.4
11.4
11.4.1

Shape Compensation Amount, Wear Compensation Amount

Outline
Of the tool positions in a direction parallel to the control axis, the tool shape offset amount and wear
compensation amount are registered. The compensation may extend over two or more axes.
11.4.2
Detailed description of shape compensation amount

(a) Of the tool position offsets in a direction parallel to the control axis, the rotation tool's
longitudinal direction offset amount is registered as the tool length offset amount. The tool
length offset amount includes type I and type II.
1) Type I
The distance from the tip of the tool to the workpiece upper end when the tool position is at
the reference point is registered as the shape compensation amount. The tool length offset
amount is set with a negative value.
Tool radius
compensation
amount
Tool length
offset amount
Z0.0
Workpiece
Table
2) Type II
The distance from the reference point to the tip of the tool when the tool position is at the
reference point is measured and registered as the shape compensation amount. The tool
length offset amount is set with a positive value.
R
Tool radius
compensation
amount
Z0.0
W
Tool length
offset amount
Workpiece
Table
(b) Of the tool position compensates in a direction parallel to the control axis, the rotation tool's
radius direction compensation amount is registered as the tool radius compensation amount.
The tool radius compensation amount is set with a positive value.
129
11.4
11.4.3

Detailed description of wear compensation amount
The tool length wear compensation amount and tool radius wear compensation amount can be set
independently.
If a negative value is set for the tool length compensation amount, a negative value must be set for the
tool length wear compensation amount. Set a positive value for the tool radius wear compensation
amount.
Tool radius wear

compensation amount
Tool length wear
compensation
amount
130
11.5
11.5

Number of Compensation Sets
Number of Compensation Sets
(1) Outline
The number of tool compensation sets can be selected with parameters.
The number of tool compensation sets can be selected as follows.
(a) Number of 1-axis compensation amount sets
40 sets
Standard specifications
100 sets
Additional specifications
200 sets
400 sets
800 sets
990 sets
(b) Number of 2-axis compensation amount sets

20 sets
Standard specifications
40 sets
80 sets
131

Tool Position Offset; G45/G46/G47/G48
11.6
11.6
(1) Outline
By using this command, movement is controlled so that the end point position of the movement
command is changed to a position extended or reduced by the tool offset amount.
With this function, the difference in the distance between program coordinate position and actual
machine tool installation position caused by the tool position can be offset, allowing machining and
operation efficiency to be improved.
However, this function has been prepared for compatibility with conventional machining programs
not provided with the tool radius compensation function. Thus, do not use this function when
creating a new machining program.
(2) Command format
G45
G00
Offset
Xx1
Movement
axis
G45 command
Yy1
Dd1
Movement Offset number

axis
G46 command
G47 command
Extend by offset amount Reduce by offset amount
G48 command
Extend by double the

offset amount
Reduce by double the

offset amount
Program
command
Program
command
Program
command
Program
command
Actual
movement
amount
Actual
movement
amount
Actual
movement
amount
Actual
movement
amount

(a) When the start point and end point are on the axis, the radius can be extended or reduced only
in respect to a 1/4 or 3/4 circle.
a.
For 1/4 circle, 3/4 circle

To offset to the outer side of the circle: G45
To offset to the inner side of the circle: G46
b.
For 1/2 circle

To offset to the outer side of the circle: G47
To offset to the inner side of the circle: G48
Note that in this case, the arc start point must already be offset in the required direction.
(If offset is commanded independently to the arc, the arc start point radius and arc end point
radius will be deviated by the offset amount.)
(b) When an absolute value is commanded, the movement from the previous block's end point to
the position commanded in the block containing G45 (to G48) will be extended or reduced in
each axis direction. Thus, when an absolute value is commanded, the offset will be applied to
the movement amount in that block. If the movement amount is zero, the movement will stop
immediately, and the offset amount will not be applied.
132
11.6

(c) The correspondence for the incremental value is shown below.
Command
Equivalent command
movement amount
(Designated offset
amount = l)
Actual example
(When X = 1000)
G45Xx Dd
X (x + l)
l = 10
l = 10
X = 1010
X = 990
G45X x Dd
X (x + l)
l = 10
l = 10
X = 1010
X = 990
G46Xx Dd
X (x l)
l = 10
l = 10
X = 990
X = 1010
G46X x Dd
X (x l)
l = 10
l = 10
X = 990
X = 1010
G47Xx Dd
X (x + 2 l)
l = 10
l = 10
X = 1020
X = 980
G47X x Dd
X (x + 2 l)
l = 10
l = 10
X = 1020
X = 980
G48Xx Dd
X (x 2 l)
l = 10
l = 10
X = 980
X = 1020
G48X x Dd
X (x 2 l)
l = 10
l = 10
X = 980
X = 1020
(d) If n axes are commanded simultaneously, the same amount of offset will be applied on all axes
commanded within the range of the simultaneous control axes.
The tool position offset is also valid for the additional axis.
(e) Do not use this command in the fixed cycle mode. If commanded in the fixed cycle mode, it will
be ignored.
(f) If the command direction is reversed because of the internal operation by the extension and
retraction, the axis will move in the reverse direction.
(g) When G45 to G48 is commanded, the offset amount per time is the offset amount designated
with the offset number. The difference with the previous offset will not be moved as with the
tool length offset (G43).
(4) Notes
(a) Even if the offset number is not commanded in the same block as the G45 to G48 commands,
the offset will be applied with the previously registered tool position offset number. An alarm will
occur if the designated offset number exceeds the specifications.
133
12. COORDINATE SYSTEM SETTING FUNCTIONS

12.1 Automatic Coordinate System Setting

12.1
Automatic Coordinate System Setting
(1) Outline
The coordinate systems are created with parameter settings in the following cases:
When the reference point is reached with the first manual or automatic dog-type reference point
return after the NC power is turned ON.
Immediately after the power is turned ON when using the absolute position specifications.
The actual machining program is programmed on the coordinate system set above.
The coordinate system handled by the NC is shown below. The points that can be specified with
the movement commands are points on the workpiece coordinate system (local coordinate system
when local coordinate offset is designated) or on the machine coordinate system.
G52 Local coordinate system
Local coordinate system offset

G54 to G59/G54.1Pn
Workpiece coordinate system/expanded
workpiece coordinate system
Workpiece coordinate offset
G92 Offset
External workpiece coordinate offset/G54.2Pn expanded external

workpiece coordinate offset
Interrupt amount offset
G53 Machine coordinate system
1st reference point offset
1st reference point

(a) The following coordinate systems are automatically established by this function.
1) Basic machine coordinate system corresponding to G53
2) External workpiece coordinate system
3) G54 to G59, G54.1 (additional workpiece coordinate system) workpiece coordinate system
The offset amount of the local coordinate system (G52) is canceled.
(b) All parameter set in the NC are assigned as the distance from the basic machine coordinate
system's zero point. Thus, decide which position on the basic machine coordinate system to
place the 1st reference point, and then set the zero point position of each workpiece
coordinate system.
(c) The local coordinate system offset is independent for each of G54 to G59.
(d) During the G54.1Pn (expanded workpiece coordinate system selection) modal, the local
coordinate system offset is zero, and the G52 command cannot be used.
(e) G54.1Pn and G54.2Pn cannot both be used. Use only one of these.
134

12.2 Machine Coordinate System
12.2
Machine Coordinate System
(1) Outline
The machine coordinate system is a coordinate system that indicates positions (tool change
position, stroke end position, etc.) characteristic to the machine. These coordinates are
automatically set when the first dog-type reference point return is completed after the power is
turned ON, or immediately after the power is turned ON when using the absolute position
specifications.
(2) Command format
The program format for movement commands to points on the machine coordinate system is as
follows.
G53
Coordinate
system
selection
G90
Absolute/
incremental
command
G00
Movement
mode
Xx1
Yy1
Zz1
End point coordinate on machine

coordinate system

(a) The machine coordinate system is automatically set when the first dog-type reference point
return is completed after the power is turned ON, or immediately after the power is turned ON
when using the absolute position specifications.
(b) The machine coordinate system does not change with the coordinate system setting (G92)
command.
(c) The G53 (movement on machine coordinate system) command is an unmodal command that
is valid only in the commanded block.
(d) The G53 command moves over the selected coordinate system with an incremental value
during the incremental value command mode (G91).
(e) Even if G53 is commanded, the compensation amount of the commanded axis' tool radius will
not be canceled.
(f) The 1st reference point coordinate value indicates the distance from the machine coordinate
system's zero point to the reference point (zero point) return position.
(g) Whether to use a fixed rapid traverse or a commanded modal for the movement mode can be
changed with parameters.
(h) If the absolute/incremental command is omitted, the modal at that time will be followed.
(i) The selected workpiece coordinate system will not change with the G53 command.
(j) If the G53 command and zero point return (G28) command are commanded in the same block
the latter command will be valid.
Machine coordinate system
(G53)
Workpiece coordinate system 1

(G54)
W1
G53 G90 G00 X0 Y0 ;
135

12.3 Workpiece Coordinate System; G54 to G59
12.3
Workpiece Coordinate System; G54 to G59
(1) Outline
(a) Workpiece coordinate system (Six sets)
This function allows the same shape to be machined easily when machining multiple
workpieces with the same shape. This is carried out by executing one machining program for
the coordinate system of each workpiece.
Up to six workpiece coordinate systems can be selected.
The G54 workpiece coordinate system is selected when the power is turned ON and then the
reset signal that cancels the modal information is input.
(b) Expanded workpiece coordinate system selection (+48 sets or 96 sets) (Option)
In addition to the six workpiece coordinate system sets in G54 to G59, 48 sets (or 96 sets) of
workpiece coordinate systems can be used with the G54.1Pn command.
(2) Command format
(a) Workpiece coordinate system (Six sets)
The format for workpiece coordinate system selection and the movement command to the
workpiece coordinates is as follows.
(G90)
(Absolute value)
G54
Coordinate
sys-tem
designation
G00
Xx1
Yy1
Zz1
Movement End point coordinate value

mode
G code
Function
G54
G55
G56
G57
G58
G59
Workpiece coordinate system 1 selection (W1)

(b) Expanded workpiece coordinate system selection (+48 sets or 96 sets) (Option)
The format for the workpiece coordinate system selection and movement command to the
workpiece coordinates using the G54.1Pn command is as follows.
(G90)
(Absolute value)
G54.1Pn
Coordinate
sys-tem
designation
G00
Xx1
Yy1
Zz1
Movement End point coordinate value

mode
The n value for P following G54.1 indicates each workpiece coordinate system. Designate 1 to
48 or 1 to 96.
136


(a) With any of the G54 to G59 commands, the tool radius compensation amounts for the
assigned axis will not be canceled even if workpiece coordinate system selection is assigned.
(b) The G54 workpiece coordinate system is selected when the power is turned ON.
(c) Commands G54 to G59 are modal.
(d) Each workpiece coordinate zero point is assigned as the distance from the machine
coordinate system's zero point.
(e) The workpiece coordinate system's offset setting amount can be changed as often as
necessary.
(f) The following three setting methods can be used.
1) Setting with setting and display unit
2) Setting with commands from machining program (G10)
3) Setting from user PLC

(G53)
W2
W1
Workpiece coordinate 1
(G54)
(G55)
Start
G90 G56 G00 X0 Y0 ;
W4
(G57)
W3
(G56)
(g) The coordinate system will move with G92 in a workpiece coordinate system.
(h) A new workpiece coordinate system 1 is set by setting the coordinate system (G92) command
in the G54 (workpiece coordinate system 1) mode. At the same time, the other workpiece
coordinate systems 2 to 6 (G55 to G59) will move in parallel and new workpiece coordinate
systems 2 to 6 will be set.
(i) A hypothetical machine coordinate system is formed at the position which deviates from the
new workpiece reference point by an amount equivalent to the workpiece coordinate system
offset amount.
(j) By setting the hypothetical machine coordinate system, the new workpiece coordinate system
will be set at a position which deviates from that hypothetical machine coordinate system zero
point by an amount equivalent to the workpiece coordinate system offset amount.
(k) When the first automatic reference point return (G28) or manual reference (zero) point return
is completed after the power has been turned ON, the basic machine coordinate system and
workpiece coordinate systems are set automatically in accordance with the parameter
settings.
(l) If no P code exists in the same block as G54.1, the input is treated as P1.
137

(4) Notes
(a) The program error "PR0062" will occur when G54X_Y_ ; is assigned subsequent to reference
point return (automatic or manual) after the power is turned ON. (A speed command is
required since the speed is controlled by G01.)
(b) If the numeric value of P that follows G54.1 is other than 1 to 96 (including P0), the program
error "PR0035" will occur.
(c) Do not use any G command for which a P code is to be used in the same block as G54.1.
(d) If the G54.1 command is executed when there are no additional specification for the number of
sets of the workpiece offset, the program error "PR0437" will occur.
(e) The local coordinate system cannot be used when the G54.1 is modal. If the G52 command is
executed while G54.1 is modal, the program error "PR0438" will occur.
138

12.4 Local Coordinate System; G52
12.4
Local Coordinate System; G52
(1) Outline
This function is used to designate a further coordinate system within the currently selected workpiece
coordinate system. Using this, the workpiece coordinate system can be changed temporarily.
A local coordinate system in which the commanded position is the program zero point can be set
on the workpiece coordinate system.
The local coordinate system can be designated independently for each of the G54 to G59
workpiece coordinate systems.
This can also be used to instead of changing the deviation of the machining program zero point
and machining workpiece zero point with the coordinate system setting (G92) command.

(G53)
L1
Local coordinates
G54 G52
y1
W1
x1
(G54)
(2) Command format

The format for designating the local coordinate system is as follows.
(G54)
Workpiece
coordinate
selection
G52
Local
coordinate
setting
Xx1
Yy1
Zz1
Local coordinate offset
G code
Function
G54 G52
G55 G52
G56 G52
G57 G52
G58 G52
G59 G52
G52X0Y0Z00 ;
Local coordinate system setting on workpiece coordinate system 1

Local coordinate system cancel
139

12.4 Local Coordinate System; G52

(a) The G52 command is an unmodal command, but it is valid until a new G52 command is issued.
The G52 command does not change the zero point position of the workpiece coordinate
system (G54 to G59), and is handy for using another coordinate system.
(b) The local coordinate system is canceled when the reset signal is input, or when manual or
automatic dog-type reference point return is carried out.
(c) The zero point position of the local coordinate system is commanded as the distance (local
coordinate offset) from the zero point of the designated workpiece coordinate system.
(d) If the workpiece coordinate system is not designated, the local coordinate system will be
created on the currently selected workpiece coordinate system.
(e) The local coordinate system is canceled with the following program.
(G54 to G59)
G52X0Y0Z00 ;
(f) The coordinate commands in the absolute value mode (G90) will cause movement to the
position in the local coordinate system.
140

12.5 External Workpiece Coordinate Offset
12.5
External Workpiece Coordinate Offset
(1) Outline
An external workpiece coordinate offset used as the reference for all workpiece coordinate
systems is provided externally from the workpiece coordinates.
By setting the external workpiece coordinate offset, these can be shifted, and all workpiece
coordinate systems can be shifted simultaneously by that offset amount.
(a) If the external workpiece coordinate offset is zero, the external workpiece coordinate system
will match the machine coordinate system.
(b) A movement command cannot be executed when the external workpiece coordinates are
selected.
Workpiece coordinate
system 4
(G57)
system 5
(G58)
system 6
(G59)
system 1
(G54)
system 2
(G55)
system 3
(G56)

( = external workpiece coordinate)
Machine zero point
system 4
(G57)
system 5
(G58)
system 6
(G59)
system 1
(G54)
system 2
(G55)
system 3
(G56)
External workpiece coordinate system
External workpiece coordinate offset
Machine coordinate zero point
(c) In addition to the normal external workpiece coordinate system offset, 48 sets (or 96 sets) of
expanded external workpiece coordinate system offsets can be set and selected as an option.
141

12.6 Coordinate System Setting; G92
12.6
Coordinate System Setting; G92
(1) Outline
The absolute value coordinate system in the program and the currently displayed position value
can be preset to newly commanded values without moving the machine or using the workpiece
coordinate system.
(2) Command format
G92
Coordinate
system setting
Xx1
Yy1
Zz1
Setting coordinate values

(a) If the coordinate system setting by G92 is commanded, the G92 offset amount will be inserted
and the workpiece coordinate system will be shifted so that the machine position in the current
workpiece coordinate system becomes the coordinate value commanded with G92 as shown
below.
The machine does not move, and all workpiece coordinate systems from G54 to G59 based
on the machine coordinate system (or the external workpiece coordinate system when the
external workpiece coordinate offset is set) will be shifted.
Coordinate system offset following G92 coordinate system setting
Example in which machine is at W1 position (x1, y1) and W1 is shifted to the new
W1 when G92Xx1Yy1; is commanded during the workpiece coordinate system W1
modal.
(External workpiece coordinate system offset = 0, interrupt amount offset = 0)
G92 offset amount
Machine coordinate
system
X : x 1-X1
Y : y1-Y1
M
New W1
Y1
W1
y1
X1
x1
Machine position
(b) The shifted coordinate system will return to the original system when dog-type reference point
return or the program is executed.
(c) If the manual absolute switch is OFF and manual axis movement is carried out, etc., causing
the workpiece coordinate system to deviate, the correct workpiece coordinate system can be
recovered with the following procedure.
1) Carry out reference point return while the coordinate system is deviated.
2) Then command G92G53X0Y0Z0;. With this command, the workpiece coordinate value and
current value display will be preset to the workpiece coordinate system offset value.
(d) Whether to always move with absolute values or to follow the incremental value/absolute value
modal can be selected with the machine parameters.
(e) Whether to preset the current position counter can be selected with the parameters.
142

12.7 Rotation Axis Coordinate System
12.7
Rotation Axis Coordinate System
(1) Outline
The axis designated as the rotation axis with the parameters is controlled with the rotation axis
coordinate system. The rotation axis coordinate system is from 0 to 360, but the counter display
is 0 to 359.999.
(a) When using incremental value commands, the axis will move by the commanded movement
amount. However, when using absolute value commands, the movement amount will be within
one rotation (within 360). In either case, the rotation direction is determined by the sign. If
commanded with a (), the axis will move in the () direction, and if commanded with a (+), the
axis will move in the (+) direction.
(b) In respect to the absolute value command, the axis can be moved with a short cut to the end
point by setting the parameters, or can be moved linearly like a normal linear axis as shown
below.
These parameters can be set for each axis.
Rotation type
Shortcut valid
Shortcut invalid
Linear type
ABS
command
Moves with a shortcut to Moves according to the

the end point.
sign for the remainder
obtained by dividing the
incremental movement
amount by 360.
INC
command
Moves in the direction of the commanded sign by the incremental amount

commanded using the current position as the start point.
143
Moves according to the sign

for the movement amount
obtained by subtracting the
current value from the end
point as with the normal
linear axis. (The value is not
rounded to 360.)

12.8 Plane Selection; G17/G18/G19
12.8
Plane Selection; G17/G18/G19
(1) Outline
These are the G command codes used to specify the commanded plane for the arc command,
tool radius compensation and coordinate rotation command, etc.
(2)
Command format
G17 Xp, Yp plane designation
G18 Zp, Xp plane designation
G19 Yp, Zp plane designation

(a) Which of the X, Y or Z axes to keep the additional axis parallel to can be selected with
parameters. By using this, the plane can be selected by two random axes that are not parallel.
If the rotation axis is registered as a parallel axis, a plane containing the rotation axis can be
selected.
(b) Which of the G17, G18 or G19 states to set the initial state to (state when power is turned ON
or reset) can be selected with parameters.
(c) The Y-Z cylindrical plane (hypothetical plane that develops cylinder) can be selected with G16
only in the milling mode.
(d) The movement command and plane selection can be commanded in the same block.
G19
X100. ;
G17
X100.
In this program command, X100. is an axis that does not exist in the
G19 (Yp, Zp) plane. However, YpZp is selected by G19, and the X
axis moves 100.mm separately from G19 plane.
R50. ; In this program command, the Xp, Yp plane is selected with the G17,
so the arc command is controlled over this plane.
(e) Plane selection can be used to select the following planes.
Plane for circular interpolation (including helical cutting)

Plane for tool radius compensation
Plane for pattern rotation
Plane for program coordinate rotation
Plane for fixed cycle positioning
(4) Parallel axis

Table 1
Examples of plane selection parameter registration

Basic axis
Parallel axis 1
Parallel axis 2
(a) As shown in the Table 1, the basic axis and its parallel axis can be registered up to the 2nd
parallel axis.
(b) The basic axis can be an axis other than X, Y and Z.
(c) An axis that is not registered is irrelevant for the plane selection.
144

12.8 Plane Selection; G17/G18/G19
(5) Plane selection method

(a) Table 1 indicates the following.
I is the G17 plane horizontal axis or G18 plane vertical axis.
J is the G17 plane vertical axis or G19 plane horizontal axis.
K is the G18 plane horizontal axis or G19 plane vertical axis.
Thus,
G17 IJ plane
G18 KI plane
G19 JK plane
(b) The plane selected by the basic axis and one of the parallel axis depends on the axis address
commanded in the same block as the plane selection (G17, G18, G19).
For Table 1 parameter registration example
G17X_Y_
G17W_Y_
G18X_V_
G18U_V_
G19Y_Z_
G19Y_V_
;
;
;
;
;
;
XY plane
WY plane
VX plane
VU plane
YZ plane
YV plane
(c) The plane will not change in a block where the plane selection G code (G17, G18, G19) is not
commanded.
G17X_Y_ ;
Y_Z_ ;
XY plane
XY plane (Plane does not change)
(d) If the axis address is omitted in the block where the plane selection G code (G17, G18, G19) is
commanded, it will be interpreted that the basic three axes addresses have been omitted.
G17
G17U_
G18U_
G18V_
G19Y_
G19V_
;
;
;
;
;
;
XY plane
UY plane
ZU plane
VX plane
YZ plane
YV plane
(e) The axis command that does not exist in the plane determined by the plane selection G code
(G17, G18, G19) is irrelevant to the plane selection.
If G17 U_Z_; is commanded, the UV plane is selected, and Z moves without relevance to the
plane.
(f) If the basic axis or parallel axis is commanded in duplicate in the same block as the plane
selection G code (G17, G18, G19), the plane will be determined using the basic axis, No. 1
parallel axis and No. 2 parallel axis as the order of priority.
If G17 U_Y_W_; is commanded, the UY plane is selected, and W moves without relevance to
the selected plane.
145

12.9 Automatic 1st Reference Point Return; G28/G29
12.9
Automatic 1st Reference Point Return; G28/G29
(1) Outline
By commanding G28 during automatic operation, the axis can be returned to the 1st reference
point. If the middle point is commanded, the axis will be positioned to that point at rapid traverse,
and then will independently return to the 1st reference point.
By commanding G29, after positioning each axis independently to the G28 or G30 middle point,
the axis can be positioned to the commanded position.
G code
G28
G29
Function
Automatic 1st reference point return
Start position return (Return from 1st reference point to middle point position for 1st
reference point return start, and then position to position designated by program.)
(2) Command format

The G28 program format is as follows.
G28
Return
command
Xx1
Yy1
Zz1
After positioning the designated axis at rapid traverse to

the commanded position (middle point), each axis is
independently returned to the 1st reference point.
Return control axis

(middle point)

G29
Return
command
Xx1
Yy1
Zz1
After positioning each axis independently at rapid traverse

via the middle point with G28 and G30, the axis is
positioned at rapid traverse to the position designated with
the program.
Return control axis

(Commanded position)
1st reference point

X
G28
Move with
non-interpolat
ion
G28
Interpolation/
non-interpolation
selection
G29
Interpolation/
non-interpolation
selection
G29
Y
146

12.9 Automatic 1st Reference Point Return; G28/G29

(a) If an incremental detection method position detector is being used, the first return to 1st
reference point after the NC power is turned ON uses the dog-type. However, the second and
following returns can be selected from dog-type or high-speed type using the parameters.
When using the absolute position detection method, the high-speed type will always be used.
(b) The return pattern for the automatic 1st reference point return is the same as for the manual
1st reference point return.
(c) The number of axes that can be simultaneously returned to the 1st reference point depends on
the number of simultaneous control axes.
(d) If tool radius compensation or tool nose radius compensation is not canceled during the 1st
reference point return, it will be temporarily canceled during the movement to the middle point.
The compensation will be reapplied at the next movement after returning.
(e) If the tool length offset is not canceled during the 1st reference point return, the offset will be
canceled during the movement from the middle point to the 1st reference point, and the offset
amount will also be cleared. However, the tool length offset can be temporarily canceled with
the parameters. In this case, the offset will be reapplied at the next movement command.
(f) The movement to the G28 middle point and the movement from the G29 middle point to the
commanded point can be selected as interpolation or non-interpolation with the parameters.
The movement from the G28 middle point to the 1st reference point and the movement to the
G29 middle point will be non-interpolation.
(g) Even if single block is selected, the program will not stop at the middle point.
(h) The zero point reached signal is output when the 1st reference point return is completed.
147

12.10 2nd, 3rd and 4th Reference Point Return; G30
12.10
2nd, 3rd and 4th Reference Point Return; G30
(1) Outline
By commanding G30Pn during automatic operation, the axis can be returned to the machine's
characteristic set point (2nd, 3rd, 4th reference point) in the same manner as automatic reference
point return. The 2nd, 3rd, 4th reference point positions are set with the parameters.
G code
G30
G30
G30
Function
P2
P3
P4
2nd reference point return

3rd reference point return
4th reference point return
(2) Command format

G30
Return
command
Xx1
Yy1
Zz1
Return control axis

(middle point)
Pp1
Return point
number
After positioning the designated axis to the

commanded middle point with rapid traverse, each
axis is independently returned to the reference point.
2nd reference point

1st reference point
X
G30 P2
Start position
Middle point
G30 P3
G30 P4
3rd reference point
4th reference point
148

12.10 2nd, 3rd and 4th Reference Point Return; G30

(a) If the P command is omitted, P0, P1, P5 and higher will be 2nd reference point return.
(b) The number of axes that can be simultaneously returned to the reference point depends on
the number of simultaneous control axes.
(c) If tool radius compensation is not canceled during reference point return, it will be temporarily
canceled during the movement to the middle point. The compensation will be reapplied at the
next movement after returning.
(d) If the tool length compensation is not canceled during reference point return, the tool length
compensation will be canceled and the offset amount will be cleared after reference point
return is completed. The tool length compensation can be temporarily canceled with the
parameters. In this case, the tool offset will be reapplied at the next movement command.
(e) The movement to the middle point can be selected as interpolation or non-interpolation with
the parameters. The movement from the middle point to the reference point will be
non-interpolation.
(f) Even if single block is selected, the program will not stop at the middle point.
149

12.11 Reference Point Check; G27
12.11
Reference Point Check; G27
(1) Outline
By commanding G27, after positioning to the position issued by the program, if the positioning
point is the designated reference point, the reference point reached signal will be output to the
machine side in the same manner as G28. Thus, it can be checked whether the machining
program created to start from the reference point and return to the reference point has correctly
returned to the reference point.
(2) Command format
Xx1
G27
Compare
command
P1
P2
P3
P4
Yy1
Zz1
Return control axis
:
:
:
:
Pp1
Compare
number
1st reference point check

2nd reference point check
3rd reference point check
4th reference point check
After the designated axis is positioned with rapid

traverse to the commanded position, if the returned
point is the reference point, the reference point
reached signal is output.
If the P command is omitted, it will be handled as 1st
reference point check.

(a) If the P command is omitted, it will be handled as 1st reference point check.
(b) The number of axes that can be simultaneously reference point checked depends on the
number of simultaneous control axes.
(c) The alarm "434" occurs if the position is not the reference point when the command is
completed.
(d) Whether to use interpolation or non-interpolation movement can be changed with the
parameters.
(e) The M independent command cannot be issued in the G27 command block. If simultaneously
commanded, the alarm "435" will occur.
150
13. PROGRAMMING SUPPORT FUNCTIONS

13.1 High-speed Machining Mode; G05

13.1
High-speed Machining Mode; G05
(1) Outline
This function allows a fine block with extremely short block length in respect to the speed to be
executed at a high speed for die machining, etc. The high-speed machining mode includes mode I
and II according to the differences in performance (functions).
(2) Command format
: High-speed machining mode I ON
: High-speed machining mode II ON
G05
G05
P1 ;
P2 ;
G05
P0 ; (or G05) ; : High-speed machining mode OFF

(a) In the high-speed machining mode, the blocks are pre-read. If the length of one block is
sufficiently short in respect to the commanded speed, and the block can be completed with
one interpolation calculation, multiple blocks are combined and recreated into a block length
that can be completed with one interpolation.
Program command
Command recreated by combining program commands
(b) The high-speed machining mode I is commanded with G05P1, and the high-speed machining
mode II is commanded with G05P2. The high-speed machining mode is canceled with G05P0.
The incremental value/absolute value commands in the high-speed machining mode follow the
modals for when G05 is commanded.
151

13.1 High-speed Machining Mode; G05
(c)
Mode
Standard mode
High-speed mode I
High-speed mode II
Command
M6
G05 (P0) 8.4m/min (Regardless of tool radius
compensation ON/OFF)
G05P1
16.8m/min (Regardless of tool radius
compensation ON/OFF)
G05P2
67m/min (When tool radius compensation is
OFF.)
The numbers in the above table indicate the maximum speed (m/min) when the G1 block for
1mm segment is executed.
The performance conditions are common and are as follow:
4-axis system (including spindle) or less
1 system
Three axes or less simultaneously commanded with G01
Block containing only axis name and movement amount (macros and variable commands
are not contained)
Only stored stroke limit I is valid for stroke check
For high-speed mode II, the following condition applies in addition to the above.
Tool radius compensation OFF
There are no particular limits to the program for the high-speed machining mode I. However, if
the above conditions are not satisfied, the designated speed may not be ensured.
(d) Override, maximum cutting speed clamp, single block operation, dry run, manual pulse
generator interrupt, graphic trace and high-accuracy control mode are all valid even in the
high-speed machining mode.
(4) Restrictions
(a) Before commanding G05P2, cancel the radius compensation, mirror image, scaling,
coordinate rotation, hypothetical axis interpolation and three-dimensional radius
compensation.
(b) The automatic operation process has the priority during the high-speed machining mode, so
the display response may be delayed.
(c) During the G05P2, G05P0 and G05P1 command blocks, the speed will decelerate once, so
command these at a position where the tool is separated from the workpiece.
(d) When using the high-speed machining mode with communication or tape operation, the
machining speed may be suppressed to a low speed due to restrictions in the program transfer
speed.
(e) The cutting feed clamp speed during the high-speed machining mode is the minimum speed of
the movement axes' cutting feed clamp speeds. The cutting feed clamp speed when not in the
high-speed machining mode is set so that the feedrate of each movement axis does not
exceed the respective cutting feed clamp speed. Thus, the cutting feed clamp speed during
the high-speed machining mode may decrease compared to when not in the high-speed
machining mode.
(5) Notes
(a) The only address P commands that are valid are P0, P1 and P2. A program error will occur if
other P commands are designated, or if there is no P command.
(b) Do not command addresses other than N or P in the G05 block. A program error will occur if
an address other than N or P is commanded.
(c) Decimal points are invalid for address P. Even if a decimal point is used, it will be ignored.
152

13.2 Subprogram Control; M98/M99
13.2
Subprogram Control; M98/M99
(1) Outline
When the same pattern is used repeatedly during machining, this function registers that machining
pattern as a subprogram. This allows the same machining to be realized easily by calling out the
subprogram from the main program when required. The program can be effectively used with this
function.
The call is designated with the program number and sequence number. The main program is
returned to from the subprogram by commanding M99. Other subprograms can be called from the
subprogram, and a depth of up to eight levels can be programmed.
(2) Command format
(a) Calling the subprogram
Pp1
M98
Call command
Hh1
Ll1
Subprogram Sequence
number
number
(Branch to
subprogram)
,Dd1
Number of
repetitions
Subprogram device No. (Note)
Op1 (Subprogram)
:
Nh1
:
M99 ; (Return to main program)
(Note) Set the device No. in which a subprogram exists. The call sequence designated in
the
machining parameters is followed if this setting is omitted.
The d1 device No. is set in the machining parameters.
(b) Returning from the subprogram
Pp2
M99
Return
command
Return destination sequence number

(When omitted, the program will return to the block
following the call block.)

(a) The subprogram uses the same format as the machining program for normal memory
operation. The only point that differs is that the subprogram end command M99 (P_); is
inserted as an independent block at the last block.
(b) The subprogram numbers 1 to 99999999 can be used.
(c) The subprogram call level can be used up to eight levels. The program error "PR0230" will
occur if this is exceeded.
Main program
level 0 (P1000)
8 level call
P1000
Main program
level 1 (P1)
Main program
level 2 (P2)
P1
P2
Main program
level 8 (P8)
P8
M98 P2;
M99;
M98 P1;
M99;
M98 P3;
M99;
M02/M30;
153

13.2 Subprogram Control; M98/M99
(d) The subprogram branch destination and the subprogram repetition can also be designated.
Subprogram branch destination designation
Subprogram
P1
Main program
P1000
N1;
Subprogram
P1
Execute five
times.
Main program
P1000
Subprogram repetition designation
M98 P1 H1;
M99;
N100;
M98 P1 L5;
M98 P1 H100;
M99 ;
M99;
M02/M30;
M02/M30;
Execute five times

and then return.
(e) In addition to subprogram stored in the NC memory, subprograms stored in the personal
computer's floppy disk or hard disk, etc., can also be run.
The relation of the main program storage place and subprogram storage place is as follows.
Subprogram
storage place
Main program
storage place
NC side
Memory
IC card
Personal computer side

Floppy
disk
Hard
disk/
data
server
Tape
RS-232C
Memory
NC side IC card
MDI
Floppy disk
Personal
Hard disk/
computer
data server
side
Tape RS-232C
The
mark indicates a combination that can be called.
(4) Notes
(a) The program error "PR0232" will occur if the designated P (program number) is not found.
(b) The M98P_;M99; block will branch to "O100" after "X100." is executed if the program is
"X100.M98P100;".
(c) If M99; is commanded in the main program, the program will return to the head. (This also
applies for MDI.)
Note that a program error will occur if the parameter (Main M99 alarm stop) is ON.
(d) The subprogram can be branched to with M98P_; using tape operation, but a sequence
number cannot be designated as the return destination with M99P_;. (P_ will be ignored.)
(e) If the sequence number is designated with M99P_;, it may take longer to search for the
designated position depending on the program.
154

13.3 Fixed Cycle; G80 to G89/G73/G74/G76
13.3
Fixed Cycle; G80 to G89/G73/G74/G76
13.3.1
Outline
Using this function, hole drilling cycles such as drill, tapping, etc., can be commanded with a program
containing one block. By designating the operation mode, various fixed cycle can be called out.
By editing the standard fixed cycle subprogram, the fixed cycle sequence can be changed by the user.
The user can also register and edit an original fixed cycle program.
List of machining center system hole drilling fixed cycle functions
Hole drilling start
(Z direction)
G code
Operation at hole bottom

Dwell
Spindle
Return
operation
(+Z direction)
Application
G80
G81
Cutting feed
Rapid traverse Drilling, spot drilling cycle
G82
Cutting feed
Valid
Rapid traverse
G83
Intermittent feed
Rapid traverse Deep hole drilling cycle
G84
Cutting feed
Valid
Cancel
Reverse run Cutting feed
Tapping cycle
G85
Cutting feed
G86
Cutting feed
Valid
Stop
G87
Rapid traverse
G88
Cutting feed
Valid
Stop
G89
Cutting feed
Valid
Cutting feed
G73
Intermittent feed
Valid
Rapid traverse Step cycle
G74
Cutting feed
Valid
G76
Cutting feed
Cutting feed
Drilling, counter boring

cycle
Boring cycle
Rapid traverse Boring cycle
Forward run Cutting feed
Back boring cycle
Rapid traverse Boring cycle
Forward run Cutting feed
Boring cycle
Reverse tapping cycle
Oriented
Rapid traverse Fine boring cycle
spindle stop
(Note) G87/G74 can be used as the manual synchronous tapping function. Refer to the MELDAS 600M
Series Instruction Manual (BNP-B2237) "CHAPTER 2 MACHINE OPERATIONS" for details on the
operation.
13.3.2
Command format
The basic program format of the fixed cycle command is as follows.

G81
G98
Return point
Operation
mode
Xx1
Yy1
Zz1
Hole position
data
Rr1
Qq1
Pp1
Hole machining data
Ll1
Ff1
Feedrate
(a) Return point

The following two hole drilling axis return levels can be used after the fixed cycle machining
operation is completed.
G code
G98
G99
Function
Initial point level return
R point level return
155

(b) Operation mode

G code
Application
G80
Cancel
G81
Drilling, spot drilling cycle
G82
Drilling, counter boring cycle
G83
Deep hole drilling cycle
G84
Tapping cycle
G85
Boring cycle
G86
Boring cycle
G87
Back boring cycle
G88
Boring cycle
G89
Boring cycle
G73
Step cycle
G74
Reverse tapping cycle
G76
Fine boring cycle
(c) Hole position data

X, Y X axis, Y axis hole drilling position command (rapid traverse) (Incremental/absolute)
(Note)
When there is no drilling position command, the drilling will not be carried out though the
drilling data is saved.
There are x and y commands
: drilling will be carried out.
There are only z and r commands
: data will be saved only (No drilling)
(d) Hole machining data
Z Hole bottom position designation (Incremental/absolute)
R Hole R position designation (Incremental/absolute)
Q Cut-in amount per rotation at G73, G83 (Incremental)
Shift amount at G76, G87
P Dwell time at hole bottom
L Number of fixed cycle repetitions designation
F Cutting feedrate
(Note 1) The number of repetitions can also be commanded with address K. Parameter (110134
Valid ADR_K FIX) needs to be set in order to validate the address K command.
(Note 2) When addresses L and K are commanded in the same block, address L will have the
priority.
(Note 3) When G87/G76 is commanded, address K will designate the shift amount rather than
the number of repetitions.
156

13.3.3
Description of operation
1
2
Initial point
3
R point
4
Z point
5
Operation 1: This denotes the X and Y axis positioning, and positioning is done by G00.
By setting the parameters, the axis can be moved according to the current 01 group's G code.
Operation 2: This action takes place at the positioned (initial) point.
When the G87 command is assigned, the M19 command is output from the NC unit to the machine.
This M command is executed and when the finish (FIN) signal arrives at the NC unit,
the next action starts.
If the single block stop switch is in the ON position, the block stop mode is established
upon completion of the positioning.
Operation 3: The tool is positioned as far as the R point by rapid traverse.
Operation 4: Hole machining is conducted by cutting feed.
Operation 5: This action takes place at the hole position.
It differs according to the fixed cycle mode. Possible actions include spindle stop (M05), spindle
reverse rotation (M04), spindle forward rotation (M03), dwell and tool shift.
Operation 6: The tool is retracted as far as the R point.
Depending on the fixed cycle mode, it will be retracted at the cutting feed or rapid traverse rate.
Operation 7: The tool is returned as far as the initial point at the rapid traverse rate.
Whether operation 6 or 7 is to be regarded as the completion of the fixed cycle can be selected by the
G commands (G98/G99).
157

The relation of the G98/G99 mode and No. of repetition designation is as shown below.
G98
At power ON, at cancel
No. of hole
Program
G99
with M02, M30, and reset
drilling
example
button
Only one
execution
G81X100.
Y100.
Z50.
R25.
F1000;
Initial point
Initial point
R point
R point
Initial level return is executed.
Second and
following
executions
R point level return is
executed.
G81X100.
Y100.
Z50.
R25.
L5F1000;
First
time
Second
time
Final
time
First
time
Second
time
Final
time
Initial level return is executed for all

times.
(a) With the label L, when the number of repetition is two or more times, the axis will return to the
point determined by G98/G99 modal at the last time.
(b) With the label O, when the number of repetition is two or more times, the axis will return to the
initial point regardless of G98/G99 mode at the last time.
158

13.3.4
Detailed description
(1) Positioning planes and hole drilling axis

The basic control elements of the positioning plane and hole drilling axis are contained in the fixed
cycles. The positioning plane is determined by the G17, G18 or G19 plane selection command,
and the hole drilling axis is the axis that is perpendicular to the above selected plane.
Plane selection
Positioning plane
Hole drilling axis
G17 (X-Y)
Xp-Yp
Zp
G18 (Z-X)
Zp-Xp
Yp
G19 (Y-Z)
Yp-Zp
Xp
(Note) Xp, Yp and Zp denote the basic axes X, Y and Z or the parallel axes of
these basic axes.
(a) Any axis except the hole drilling axis can be assigned for the positioning.
(b) The hole drilling axis is determined by the axis address of the hole drilling axis commanded in
the same block as the fixed cycle command (G81 to G89, G73, G74, G76). The basic axis
serves as the hole drilling axis if the axis address is not designated. Designate the number of
fixed cycle repetitions as 0 when not carrying out hole drilling.
(Example)
When G17 (X-Y plane) has been selected and the W axis has been set as the axis
parallel to the Z axis
G81
G81
G81
Z_ ;
W_ ;
;
Z axis is set as the hole drilling axis.

W axis is set as the hole drilling axis.
Z axis is set as the hole drilling axis.
(Note 1) The Z axis can be fixed as the hole drilling axis by parameter setting.
(Note 2) The hole drilling axis should be selected in the fixed cycle cancel mode.
In this explanation, the command value is incremental, the positioning plane is XY, and the hole
drilling axis is the Z axis.
(2) Fixed cycles and uni-directional positioning (G60)
Using fixed cycles and the uni-directional positioning (G60) command in combination enables a
tool to be positioned with a high accuracy at the hole drilling point without any backlash error.
(3) Workpiece coordinate settings in fixed cycle mode
The axis-designated axis moves with the set workpiece coordinate system.
The Z axis is valid from the R point positioning or Z axis movement after positioning is completed.
(Note)
For addresses Z and R, reprogram when changing the workpiece coordinates even if the
values are the same.
(Example)
G54
G81
G55
Xx1
Xx2
:
:
Xx3
Yy1
Yy2
Zz1 ;
Zz2 Rr2 ;
Yy3
Zz2
Xx4
Xx5
:
:
Yy4 ;
Yy5 ;
Rr2 ; Command again even if the Z and R values are the

same as the previous command.
159

13.3.5
Description of each command
(1) G73 (Step cycle)

G73
Xx
Yy
Zz
Qq
Rr
Ff
Pp ;
G98 mode
Initial point
R point
q
G99 mode
Z point
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
:
:
(n)
G0 Xx Yy;
G0 Zr;
G1 Zq Ff;
G4 Pp;
G0 Z (zn);
G1 Z (q+n) Ff;
G98 mode G0 Z (z+r);
G99 mode G0 Z z;
Using the G73 command, the tool can be returned by rapid traverse by an amount equivalent to
"n" mm and then switched to cutting feed for the second and subsequent passes.
The return amount "n" is set with the parameters.
The stop position during single block operation applies upon completion of the 1), 2) and (n)
commands.
160

(2) G74 (Reverse tapping cycle)

G74
Xx
Yy
Zz
Qq
Rr
Ff
Pp ;
G98 mode
Initial point
M04
R point
Z p oint
M03
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
G0 Xx Yy ;
G0 Zr ;
G1 Zz Ff ;
G4 Pp ;
M03 ;
(Spindle forward rotation)
G1 Z z Ff ;
G4 Pp ;
M04 ;
(Spindle reverse rotation)
G98 mode G0 Z r ;
G99 mode No movement
Override is canceled while G74 is being executed and the override is automatically set to 100%.
Dry run is also ignored.
When the feed hold button is pressed while G74 is being executed, the tool will not stop
immediately with sequences 3) to 6) but will stop upon completion of 6). It will stop immediately
with sequence 1), 2) and 9) rapid traverse.
The stop position during single block operation applies upon completion of the 1), 2) and 9)
commands.
The "in-tapping" NC output signal is output while G74 is modal.
The M03, M04, M05 and S codes are not output while the G74 synchronous tapping is modal.
pitch/thread number" will occur. Note that the previous F/E values will be used if the parameter
(#320024 Synchronized tapping) is turned ON.
161

(3) G76 (Fine boring)

G76
Xx
Yy
Zz
Rr
Iq1
Jq2
Ff ;
G98 mode
Init ial point
R point
Z p oint
G99 mode
M19 sh ift
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
G0 Xx Yy ;
G0 Zr ;
G1 Zz Ff ;
M19 ;
(Spindle orientation)
G1 Xq1 Yq2 Ff ;
(Shift)
G98 mode G0 Z (z + r) ;
G99 mode G0 Z z ;
7) G0 X q1 Y q2 ;
8) M03 ;
commands.
This command can be used to perform high-precision boring without leaving scratches or marks
on the machining surface.
This is escaped (retracted) after cutting in the shifted state in the reverse direction to the tool
nose.
The shift amount is assigned as follows by addresses I, J and K.
I and J with G17
K and I with G18
J and K with G19
(Note) Even if address K for designating the number of fixed cycle repetitions is valid, address
K will designate the shift amount rather than the number of repetitions.
The shift amount is executed by linear interpolation and the feedrate accords with the F
command.
I, J and K should be assigned with incremental values in the same block as the hole position
data.
I, J and K are treated as modals during fixed cycles.
(Note)
When the parameter fixing the hole drilling axis as the Z axis has been set, the shift
amount can also be assigned by address Q and not by I and J. In a case like this, the
shift amount is set by parameter to +X, X, +Y or Y.
The sign of the Q value is ignored and handled as plus.
Care should be taken because the value of Q is modal in a fixed cycle and considered
as the cutting amount of subsequent G83, G87 and G73 commands.
162

(4) G81 (Drilling, spot drilling)

G81
Xx
Yy
Zz
Rr
Ff ;
Init ial point

G98 mode
R point
Z p oint
1)
2)
3)
4)
G99 mode
G0 Xx Yy ;
G0 Zr ;
G1 Zz Ff ;
G98 mode G0
G99 mode G0
Z (z + r) ;
Zz;
commands.
(5) G82 (Drilling, counterboring)

G82
Xx
Yy
Zz
Rr
Ff
Pp ;
Initial point
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
R point
G98 mode
Z p oint
G99 mode
G0 Xx Yy ;
G0 Zr ;
G1 Zz Ff ;
G4 Pp ;
(Dwell)
G98 mode G0 Z (z + r) ;
G99 mode G0 Z z ;
commands.
163

(6) G83 (Deep hole drilling cycle)

G83
Xx
Yy
Zz
Rr
Qq
Ff ;
Q: Where Q is the cut amount for each pass, which is always assigned as an incremental value.
G98 mode
Initial point
R point
q
G99 mode
Z p oint
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
:
:
(n)
G0
G0
G1
G0
G0
G1
G0
G0
G1
G0
Xx Yy ;
Zr ;
Zq Ff ;
Zq;
Z (q n) ;
Z (q + n) Ff ;
Z2q;
Z (2 q n) ;
Z (q + n) Ff ;
Z3q;
G98 mode
G99 mode
G0
G0
Z (z + r) ;
Zz;
Using the G83 command, the tool can be switched from rapid traverse to cutting feed in front of
"n" mm from the position machined immediately before for the second and subsequent passes.
"n" is set with the parameters.
Program so that q > n.
The stop position during single block operation applies upon completion of the 1), 2) and (n)
commands.
164

(7) G84 (Tapping cycle)

G84
Xx
Yy
Zz
Rr
Ff
Pp ;
G98 mode
Initial point
R point
M03
Z p oint
M04
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
G0 Xx Yy ;
G0 Zr ;
G1 Zz Ff ;
G4 Pp ;
M04 ;
(Spindle reverse rotation)
G1 Z z Ff ;
G4 Pp ;
M03 ;
G98 mode G0 Z r ;
Whether to use the synchronous tapping mode or asynchronous tapping mode follows the
parameter settings.
Override is canceled while G84 is being executed and the override is automatically set to 100%.
Dry run is also ignored.
When the feed hold button is pressed while G84 is being executed, the tool will not stop with
sequences 3) to 6) but will stop immediately upon completion of 6). It will stop immediately with
sequence 1), 2) and 9) rapid traverse.
commands.
The "in-tapping" NC output signal is output while G84 is modal.
The M03, M04, M05 and S codes are not output in the G84 synchronous tapping modal.
pitch/thread number" will occur. Note that the previous F/E values will be used if the parameter
(#320024 Synchronized tapping) is turned ON.
165

(8) G85 (Boring)

G85
Xx
Yy
Zz
Rr
Ff ;
G98 mode
In itial point
R point
Z p oint
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
G0 Xx Yy ;
G0 Zr ;
G1 Zz Ff ;
G1 Z z Ff ;
G98 mode G0 Z r ;
The stop position during single block operation applies upon completion of the 1), 2), 4) or 5)
commands.
(9) G86 (Boring)

G86
Xx
Yy
Zz
Rr
Ff
Pp ;
G98 mode
In itial point
R point
Z p oint
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
G0 Xx Yy ;
G0 Zr ;
G1 Zz Ff ;
G4 Pp
M05 ;
(Spindle stop)
G98 mode G0 Z (z + r) ;
G99 mode G0 Z z ; S
7) M03 ;
commands.
166

(10) G87 (Back boring)

G87
Xx
Yy
Zz
Rr
Iq1
Iq2
Ff ;
(Note) Take care with the z and r assignment. (The z and r signs are reversed.)
There is no R point return.
G87
Borin g cycle
M19
Init ial point
R point
M19
Z p oint
M03
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
G0 Xx Yy ;
M19 ;
G0 Xq1 Yq2 ;
(Shift)
VG0 Zr ;
G1 X q1 Y q2 Ff ;
(Shift)
M03 ;
G1 Zz Ff ;
M19 ;
G0 Xq1 Yq2 ;
(Shift)
G98 mode G0 Z (z + r) ;
G99 mode G0 Z z ;
11) G0 X q1 Y q2 ;
(Shift)
12) M03 ;
The stop position during single block operation applies upon completion of the 1), 4), 6) and 11)
commands.
This command can be used to perform high-precision boring without leaving scratches or marks
on the machining surface.
This is escaped (retracted) after cutting in the shifted state in the reverse direction to the tool
nose.
The shift amount is assigned as follows by addresses I, J and K.
I and J with G17
K and I with G18
J and K with G19
(Note) Even if address K for designating the number of fixed cycle repetitions is valid, address
K will designate the shift amount rather than the number of repetitions.
The shift amount is executed by linear interpolation and the feedrate accords with the F
command.
I, J and K should be assigned with incremental values in the same block as the hole position
data.
I, J and K are treated as modals during fixed cycles.
(Note)
When the parameter fixing the hole drilling axis as the Z axis has been set, the shift
amount can also be assigned by address Q and not by I and J. In a case like this, the
shift amount is set by parameter to +X, X, +Y or Y.
The sign of the Q value is ignored and handled as plus.
Care should be taken because the value of Q is modal in a fixed cycle and considered
as the cutting amount of subsequent G83, G87 and G73 commands.
167

(11) G88 (Boring)

G88
Xx
Yy
Zz
Rr
Ff
Pp ;
G98 mode
In itial point
R point
Z p oint
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
G0 Xx Yy ;
G0 Zr ;
G1 Zz Ff ;
G4 Pp
M05 ;
(Spindle stop)
Stop with single block stop switch ON
G98 mode G0 Z (z + r) ;
G99 mode G0 Z z ;
8) M03 ;
The stop position during single block operation applies upon completion of the 1), 2) 6) and 8)
commands.
(12) G89 (Boring)

G89
Xx
Yy
Zz
Rr
Ff
Pp ;
G98 mode
In itial point
R point
Z p oint
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
G0 Xx Yy ;
G0 Zr ;
G1 Zz Ff ;
G4 Pp
G1 Z z ;
G98 mode G0 Z r ;
The stop position during single block operation applies upon completion of the 1), 2), 5) or 6)
commands.
168

13.4 Corner Chamfering, Corner R; ,C/,R
13.4
13.4.1
Corner Chamfering, Corner R; ,C/,R

Outline
Chamfering or corner rounding is automatically inserted between blocks by adding " ,C " or " ,R " to
the linear-arc program.
13.4.2
Corner chamfering
(1) Function
The corner is chamfered in such a way that the points, which are distanced by the lengths
assigned by " ,C_ " from the hypothetical start and final corners which would apply were to be
performed, are connected.
(2) Command format
N100
G01
X_
Z_
, C_ ;
Length up to chamfering starting point or end point from
hypothetical corner
N200
G01
X_
Z_ ;
Next block's end point coordinates
Chamfering is performed at the point where N100 and N200 intersection.

(3) Description of operation
(a) Linear Linear
N1 G01 Xx1 Zz1 , Cc1 ;
N2 Zz2 ;
c1
N2
c1
N1
(b) Linear Arc

G01 X_Z_ , Cc1 ;
G02 X_Z_ Ii1 Kk1 ;
Hypothetical corner
Cc1
Cc1
Chamfering start
point
Chamfering end point

(1)
(2)
169

(c) Arc Linear
G03 X_Z_ Ii1 Kk1 , Cc1 ;

G01 X_Z_ ;
Hypothetical corner
Cc1
Cc1
Chamfering end
point
Chamfering start point
(2)
(1)
(d) Arc Arc
G02 X_Z_ Ii1 Kk1 , Cc1 ;

G02 X_Z_ Ii2 Kk2 ;
Hypothetical corner
Cc1
Cc1
Chamfering start
point
Chamfering end point
(2)
(1)

(a) The start point of the block following the corner chamfering serves as the hypothetical corner.
(b) When the comma in ,C is not present, the command is handled as a C command.
(c) When both corner R command ",R" are assigned in the same block the latter command is
valid.
(d) Tool offset is calculated for the shape which has already been subjected to corner chamfering.
(5) Notes
(a) A program error will occur if the block commanding corner chamfering or the block following it
is a positioning command or thread cutting command.
(b) A program error will occur if the block following that commanding corner chamfering is not a
group 01 G command.
(c) A program error will occur when the movement amount in the block assigning corner
chamfering is less than the chamfering amount.
(d) A program error will occur when the movement amount in the block following the block
commanded corner chamfering is less than the chamfering amount.
170

13.4.3
Corner R
(1) Function
The hypothetical corner that assumes that there is no rounding, is rounded with the radius arc
designated with ",R".
(2) Command format
N100
G01
X_
Z_
N200
G01
X_
Z_ ;
, R_ ;
Arc radius for corner rounding
Corner R is performed at the point where N100 and N200 hypothetical corner.
(3) Description of operation
(a) Linear Linear
N1 G01 Xx1 Zz1 , Rr1 ;

N2 Zz2 ;
N2
r1
N1
(b) Linear Arc
G01 X_Z_ , Rr1 ;

G02 X_Z_ Ii1 Kk1 ;
Corner R start point

Hypothetical corner
Rr 1
Corner R end point
(2)
171
(1)

(c) Arc Linear
G03 X_Z_ Ii1 Kk1 , Rr1 ;

G01 X_Z_ ;
Corner R end point

Hypothetical corner
(2)
Rr 1
(1)
(d) Arc Arc
G02 X_Z_ Ii1 Kk1 , Rr1 ;

G02 X_Z_ Ii2 Kk2 ;
Hypothetical corner
(1)
Corner R end point
Rr 1
(2)

(a) The start point of the block following the corner R serves as the hypothetical corner.
(b) When the comma in ,R is not present, the command is treated as an R command.
(c) If the corner chamfering command ",C" is issued in the same block, the latter command will be
valid.
(d) Tool offset is calculated for the shape which has already been subjected to corner R.
(5) Notes
(a) A program error will occur if the block commanding corner R or the block following it is a
positioning command or thread cutting command.
(b) A program error will occur if the block following that commanding corner R is not a group 01 G
command.
(c) A program error will occur when the movement amount in the block commanded corner R is
less than the R value.
(d) A program error will occur when the movement amount in the block following the block corner
R is less than the R value.
172

13.4.4
Corner chamfering/corner R speed E designation
The feedrate for the corner chamfering and corner R areas can be commanded with the E command.
This allows the correct shape to be cut at the corner area.
(Example)
F
E
G01 X_Z_ , Cc1 Ff1 Ee1 ;

X_Z_ ;
F
F
E
G01 X_Z_ , Rr1 Ff1 Ee1 ;

X_Z_ ;
X
F
Z
(a) The E command is a modal. It is valid even for the next corner chamfer and corner R areas.
(b) The E command modal has independent asynchronous feedrate modals and synchronous
feedrate modals. The valid speed follows the asynchronous/synchronous mode (G94/G95).
(c) If the E command is 0 or if E has not been designated yet, the feedrate at the corner chamfering
and corner R area will be the F command feedrate.
(d) The E command modal is not cleared even when the reset button is pressed. It is cleared when
the power is turned OFF. (This is the same as the F command.)
173

13.5 Mirror Image; G50.1/G51.1
13.5
13.5.1
Mirror Image; G50.1/G51.1

Outline
When cutting a left/right symmetrical shape, the other shape can be machined with just the left or the
right program. The programming time can be shortened by using this mirror image function.
The mirror image command methods include the following:
External switch mirror image input from PLC
Parameter set mirror image
G command mirror image
13.5.2
External switch mirror image and parameter set mirror image

By reversing the signs of the command values for program operation, symmetrical cutting can be
carried out.
Y
Mirror image OFF path
Mirror image ON operation
Mirror image ON path
(a) Mirror image can be applied on all control axes.

(b) The mirror image is changed after block stop.
(c) The mirror image ON/OFF control can be changed with the following operations.
1) External input signal ON/OFF changeover using the switch on the machine operation
panel via the PLC.
2) Setting and display unit ON/OFF changeover using parameter operations.
(d) The mirror center becomes the position where the mirror image was turned ON.
(2) Notes
(a) When turning the mirror image parameter OFF during execution of a machining program,
make sure to turn it OFF at the same coordinate position as where it was turned ON.
If the changeover position changes, always execute reference point return and
G92G53X_Y_Z__ ;.
174

13.5.3
G command mirror image
(1) Outline
The mirror image can be directly designated with the G command by creating a machining program.
G code
G50.1
G51.1
Function
G command mirror image cancel
G command mirror image ON
(2) Command format

The G command mirror image program format is as follows.
G51.1
Xx1
Yy1
Zz1
Mirror image Command axis and command

ON
position
; The mirror image is applied on the (x1, y1, z1) as if a

mirror is placed.
The G command mirror image cancel program format is as follows.

G50.1
Xx1
Mirror image
cancel
Yy1
Zz1
Command axis
Original shape (Program)
; The coordinate word indicates the axis for which mirror

image is turned OFF. The coordinate value is ignored.
Shape produced after mirror

image command when left-side
machining program is run
Mirror axis

(a) The coordinate word in G51.1 is assigned for the mirror image command axes while the
coordinate values are assigned for the mirror image center coordinates in either absolute or
incremental values.
(b) The coordinate word in G50.1 indicates the axes for which mirror image will not be applied and
the coordinate values are ignored.
(c) When mirror image is applied to only one axis in the assigned plane, the rotation direction or
offset direction is reversed for arc or tool radius compensation and coordinate rotation.
(d) These functions are processed on the local coordinate system and so the mirror image center
will be moved by counter presetting or by any change in the workpiece coordinates.
(e) When a zero point return command (G28 or G30) has been executed during mirror image, the
mirror image is valid for operations up to the middle point but not for operations from the
middle point to the zero point.
(f) When a return command (G29) is issued from the zero point during mirror image, the axis
passes through the middle point passed through with the previous zero point return command,
unrelated to the present mirror status.
(g) Mirror image is not applied to the G53 command.
175

(4) Notes
When mirror image is canceled anywhere except at the mirror image center, the program
command position and machine position will deviate, as shown in the figure below. This state
continues until positioning is executed with the absolute value command (G90 mode) in the
program or a G28 or G30 command is assigned for zero point return. The mirror center is set with
an absolute value commanded in the program and so if another mirror image is assigned in this
state, the center may be set at an unforeseen position.
Cancel mirror image above the mirror center and, after cancellation, assign a positioning
command using absolute values.
(5) Combination with other functions
(a) Radius compensation
Mirror imaging is processed after a radius compensation command has been applied, and
cutting proceeds as follows.
Program path
When radius compensation is applied.
When mirror image is applied.

Mirror center
When mirror image and radius compensation

are applied.
(b) Scaling
Mirror image applies to a shape after scaling so that cutting proceeds as follows.
Original shape
When mirror image and scaling are applied.
When scaling is applied.
Mirror center
176

13.6 Variable Commands
13.6
Variable Commands
13.6.1
Outline
The program can have flexibility and general-purpose capabilities by designating variables, instead of
giving direct numerical values to particular addresses in a program, and by assigning the values or
those variables as required when executing a program.
The variables can also be operated (added, subtracted, multiplied, divided).
13.6.2
Detailed description
(1) Number of variable sets

Number of sets
Number of set specifications
100 sets #100 to #149, #500 to #549
200 sets #100 to #199, #500 to #599
300 sets #100 to #199, #500 to #699
600 sets #100 to #199, #500 to #999
50+50 2 sets #100 to #149: Independent for system, #500 to #549: Common for system
100+100 2 sets #100 to #199: Independent for system, #500 to #599: Common for system
(2) Variable expressions

Variable
: # Numerical value
Example)
(Numerical value = 1, 2, 3, )
: # [expression]
Example)
Expression : Numerical value

: Variable
: Expression operator expression
: (minus) expression
: [Expression]
: Function [expression]
#100
# [#100 + #200]
#100 + #101
#120
[#110]
SIN [#110]
(a) The standard operators are "+", "", "" and " / ". User macro specifications are required for
other operators.
(b) The user macro specifications are required for logical operators (OR, AND, etc.) and functions
(SIN, COS, etc.)
(c) An error will occur if the variable number is negative.
177

13.6 Variable Commands
(3) Types of variables

The following table gives the types of variables.
Type of variable
Number
Common variables
100 to 149,
500 to 549
Can be used in common

throughout main, sub and macro
programs.
Type A : 100 sets
1 to 33
Can be used for local variables in

macro programs.
User macro
specifications required.
Application is fixed by system.
User macro
Local variables
System variables
1000 to
Fixed cycle
variables
1 to 99
Function
Local variables in fixed cycle

programs
(Note)
Only variables #15 to #21

can be used by the user.
Remarks
Fixed cycle
(a) All common variables are retained even when the power is turned OFF.
(b) The common variables are divided into the following two types.
Common variables 1: 500 to 549, variables which can be used in common through all
systems
Common variables 2: 100 to 149, variables which can be used in common in the programs
of the system
(4) Variable quotations
(a) Variables can be used for all addresses except O, N and / (slash).
When the variable value is used directly:
X#1 Value of #1 is used as the X value.
When the complement of the variable value is used:
X - #2 Value with the #2 sign changed is used as the X value.
When defining variables:
#3 = #5 Variable #3 uses the value of variable #5.
#1 = 1000 Variable #1 uses the value 1000 (which is treated as 1000.).
When defining the variable operation expression:
#1 = #2 + #3 - 100 The value of the operation result of #2 + #3 - 100. is used as
the #1 value.
X [#1 + #3 + 1000] The value of the operation result of #1 + #3 + 1000. is used
as the X value.
(b) Notes
1) A variable cannot be defined in the same block as an address. It must be defined in a
separate block.
2) Up to five sets of square brackets [ ] may be used.
3) There are no restrictions on the number of characters and number of variables for variable
definition.
4) The variable values should be within a range from 0 to 99999999.
5) If this range is exceeded, the operations may not be conducted properly.
6) The variable definitions are valid from the moment that the variables are actually defined.
7) Variable quotations are always regarded as having a decimal point at the end.
(c) Variable name definition
Variable names can be set for #500 to #519.
Note that variable names should be 7 alphanumeric characters or less, starting with an
alphabetic character.
SETVNn [NAME1, NAME2, ] ;
n: Head number of variable for attaching name
G00X [#NAME1] ;
NAME1: Name with #n defined
G00Y [#NAMEk] ;
NAMEk: Name with #k defined
:
178

13.7 User Macro Specifications
13.7
13.7.1
User Macro Specifications

User macro commands
By combining the user macros with variable commands, it is possible to use macro program call,
arithmetic operation, data input/output with PLC, control, decision, branch and many other instructions
for measurement and other such applications.
Main program
Macro program
..... ;
..... ;
Macro call instruction
M99;
M30;
Macro programs use variables, arithmetic instructions and control instructions to create subprograms
which function to provide special-purpose control.
These special-purpose control functions (macro programs) are called by the macro call instructions
exactly when required from the main program.
The following G codes are available for the macro call commands.
G code
Function
G65
User macro Simple call
G66
User macro Modal call A (Movement command call)
G66.1
User macro Modal call B (Per-block call)
G67
User macro Modal call cancel
(a) When the G66 (or 66.1) command is entered, the specified user macro subprogram will be called
after each block has been executed (or after the movement command in the block) with the
movement commands has been executed until the G67 (cancel) command is entered.
(b) The G66 (or G66.1) and G67 commands must be paired in the same program.
179

13.7.2
Macro call instruction
Included among the macro call commands are the simple calls which apply only to the instructed
block and also modal calls (types A and B) which apply to each block in the call modal.
(1) Simple macro calls
Main program
To subprogram
Subprogram (Oo1)
Oo1
G65Pp1Ll1
<argument>;
M99
To main program
M99 is used to conclude the user macro subprogram.

Format ;
G65
P___
L___
<argument> ;
No. of repetitions
Program No.
(a) When the argument must be transferred as a local variable to a user macro subprogram, the
actual value should be designated after the address.
Regardless of the address, a sign and decimal point can be used in the argument. There are
2 ways in which arguments are designated.
180

1)
Argument designation I
Format : A__ B__ C__ ....... X__ Y__ Z__
Arguments can be designated using any address except G, L, N, O and P.
Except for I, J and K, there is no need for designation in alphabetical order.
I, J and K must be designated in alphabetical order.
I__ J__ K__ ............ Correct
J__ I__ K__ ............ Incorrect
Address which do not need to be designated can be omitted.
The following table shows the correspondence between the addresses which can be
designated by argument designation I and the variable numbers in the user macro main
body.
Address and variable number
correspondence
Variable in
macro
address
A
#1
B
#2
C
#3
D
#7
E
#8
F
#9
G
#10
H
#11
I
#4
J
#5
K
#6
L
#12
M
#13
N
#14
O
#15
P
#16
Q
#17
R
#18
S
#19
T
#20
U
#21
V
#22
W
#23
X
#24
Y
#25
Z
#26
: Can be used.
: Cannot be used.
: Can be used while G66.1 command is modal.
181
Call instructions and usable

address
G65, G66
G66.1
*
*
*

2)
Argument designation II
Format : A__ B__ C__
I__ J__ K__ I__ J__ K__
In addition to address A, B and C, up to 10 groups of arguments with I, J, K serving as 1

group can be designated.
When the same address is duplicated, designate the addresses in the specified order.
Addresses which do not need to be designated can be omitted.
The following table shows the correspondence between the addresses which can be
designated by argument designation II and the variable numbers in the user macro main
body.
Argument designation
II address
A
B
C
I1
J1
K1
I2
J2
K2
I3
J3
K3
I4
J4
K4
I5
Variable
within macro
#1
#2
#3
#4
#5
#6
#7
#8
#9
#10
#11
#12
#13
#14
#15
#16
Argument designation
II address
J5
K5
I6
J6
K6
I7
J7
K7
I8
J8
K8
I9
J9
K9
I10
J10
K10
Variable
within macro
#17
#18
#19
#20
#21
#22
#23
#24
#25
#26
#27
#28
#29
#30
#31
#32
#33
Note 1) The numbers 1 through 10 accompanying I, J and K denote the sequence of

the commanded groups and they are not required for the actual instructions.
3)
Using arguments designations I and II together

If addresses corresponding to the same variable are commanded when both types I and II
are used to designate arguments, the latter address is valid.
(Example 1)
Call instruction
Variable
G65
A1.1
#1 : 1.1
#2 : 2.2
#4 : 4.4
#5 :
#6 :
#7 : 3.3
B-2.2
D3.3
I4.4
I7.7
7.7
In the above example, the last I7.7 argument is valid when both arguments D3.3 and I7.7 are
commanded for the #7 variable.
182

(2) Modal call A (movement command call)

Main program
Subprogram
To subprogram
Oo1
G65Pp1Ll1
<argument>;
M99
G67
To main program
To subprogram
When the block with a movement command is commanded between G66 and G67, the
movement command is first executed and then the designated user macro subprogram is
executed. The number of times the subprogram is executed is 1 times with each call.
The argument is the same as for a simple call.
Format ;
G66
P___
L___
<argument> ;
No. of repetitions
Program No.
(a) When the G66 command is entered, the specified user macro subprogram will be called after
the movement command in the block with the movement commands has been executed until
the G67 (cancel) command is entered.
(b) The G66 and G67 commands must be paired in the same program.
A program error will result when G67 is issued without the G66 command.
(Example)
Drill cycle
N1 G90 G54 G0 X0Y0Z0;

N2 G91 G00 X-50.Y-50.Z-200.;
N3 G66 P9010 R-10.Z-30.F100;
O 9010
N4 X-50.Y-50.;
N10 G00 Z #18 M0;
N5 X-50.;
To subprogram after axis command execution
N30 G00 Z- [#18+#26];
N6 G67;
To main program
~
X
N20 G09 G01 Z #26 F#9;
To subprogram after axis command execution
-150. -100.
-50.
M99;
W
N1
N2
N3
N10
-50.
N4
N20
N30
Argument Z
-100.
Subprogram
Subprogram
N5
Argument R
Argument F
Y
Note 1) After the axis command is executed in the main program, the subprogram is executed.
Note 2) The subprogram is not executed in the blocks following G67.
183

(3) Modal call B (for each block)

The specified user macro subprogram is called unconditionally for each command block which is
assigned between G66.1 and G67 and the subprogram is executed 1 times.
Format ;
G66.1
P___
L___
<argument> ;
No. of repetitions
Program No.
(a) In the G66.1 mode, everything except the O, N and G codes in the various command blocks
which are read are handled as the argument without being executed. Any G code designated
last or any N code commanded after anything except O and N will function as the argument.
(b) The same applies as when G65P__ is assigned at the head of a block for all significant
blocks in the G66.1 mode.
(Example 1)
N100 G01 G90 X100. Y200. F400 R1000; in the G66.1 P1000; mode is the same as:
N100 G65 P1000 G01 G90 X100. Y200. F400 R1000;
Note 1) The Call is performed even in the G66.1 command block in the G66.1 mode and
the correspondence between the argument address and the variable number is
the same as for G65 (simple call).
(c) The range of the G and N command values which can be used anew as variables in the
G66.1 mode is subject to the restrictions applying to values as normal NC command values.
(d) O, sequence numbers N and modal G codes are updated as modal information.
(4) G code macro call

User macro subprogram with prescribed program numbers can be called merely by issuing the G
code command.
Format ;
<argument>
;
G code for macro call
(a) The above instruction functions in the same way as the instructions below, and parameters
are set for each G code to determine the correspondence with the instructions.
a. M98P ;
b. G65P <argument> ;
c. G66P <argument> ;
d. G66.1P <argument> ;
When the parameters corresponding to c and d above are set, issue the cancel command
(G67) either in the user macro or after the call code has been commanded so as to cancel
the modal call.
184

(b) The correspondence between the " " which conducts the macro call and the program
number P of the macro to be called is set by parameter.
(c) Up to 10 G codes from G100 to G255 can be used with this instruction. (G01 to 99 can also
be used with parameter #120032 Gmac_P).
Note 1) G101 to G110 and G200 to G202 are user macro I codes, but if the parameters are
set as the G code call codes, the G code call will be the priority, and these codes
cannot be used for user macro I.
(d) These commands cannot be issued during a user macro subprogram which has been called
by a G code.
Program example
O9016
Program example
G16X100. Y100. Z100. F500 ;
M99 ;
(5) Miscellaneous command macro call (for M, S, T, B code macro call)

The user macro subprogram of the specified program number can be called merely by issuing an
M (or S, T, B) code. (Only entered codes apply for M but all S, T and B codes apply.)
Format ;
Mm ;
(or Ss ;, Tt ;, Bb ;)
M code for macro call (or S, T, B code)
(a) The above instruction functions in the same way as the instructions below, and parameters
are set for each M code to determine the correspondence with the instructions. (Same for S,
T and B codes)
a. M98P ;
b. G65P Mm ;
M98, Mm are not output
c. G66P Mm ;
d. G66.1P Mm ;
When the parameters corresponding to c and d above are set, issue the cancel command
(G67) either in the user macro or after the call code has been commanded so as to cancel
the modal call.
(b) The correspondence between the "Mm" which conducts the macro call and the program
number P of the macro to be called is set by parameter. Up to 10 M codes from M00 to
M95 can be entered. Note that the codes to be registered are the codes basically required for
the machine, and codes excluding M0, M1, M2, M30 and M96 to M99.
(c) As with M98, it is displayed on the CRT screen of the setting and display unit but the M codes
and MF are not output.
185

(d) Even if the miscellaneous command entered above is issued during a user macro
subprogram called by the M code, macro call will not result and it will be handled as an
ordinary miscellaneous command.
(e) All S, T and B codes call the subprograms in the prescribed program numbers of the
corresponding S, T and B functions.
(6) Macro call command nesting depth
Up to 4 nesting levels are available for macro subprogram calls based on simple call or modal
call.
The argument with a macro call instruction is valid only on the called macro level. Since the
nesting depth for macro calls extends up to 4 levels, the argument can be used as a local variable
for the program with each respective macro call.
Note 1) When a G65, G66, G66.1 G code macro call or miscellaneous command macro call is
conducted, this is regarded as nesting level 1 and the level of the local variables is
also incremented by one.
Note 2) The designated user macro subprogram is called every time the movement command
is executed with modal call A. However, when the G66 command has been duplicated,
the next user macro subprogram is called every time an axis is moved even with
movement commands in the macro.
User macro subprograms are called in sequence from the subprogram commanded
last.
(Example 1)
Main program
Macro p1
G66Pp1; (p1 call)
Zz1
;
After Z1 execution
User macro operation

x1
y1
x2
M99
x1
y1
x2
M99
Macro p2
G66Pp2; (p2 call)

Zz2
;
After Z2 execution
G67
(p2 cancel)
Macro p1
Macro p1
Macro p1
Macro p1
Zz3
G67
; (p1 cancel)
Zz4
Zz5
;
;
After Z3 execution
x1
186
y1
x2
M99

(7) Local variables

When a macro is called out with the simple call (G65), modal call A (G66), modal call B (G66.1) or
G code/MSTB code call, the macro multiple (level) will increase by one. The local variable level
will also increase by one. The local variable is set if there is an argument in the corresponding
level when the macro program is called. The relation of the macro multiple (level) and local
variable level is shown below.
(Example 1)
For multiple call
<When parameter is ON>

Main program
G65Pp1 ;
Macro
(level 1)
Macro
(level 2)
Op1 ;
Op2 ;
Op3 ;
G65Pp2 ;
G65Pp3 ;
G65Pp4 ;
M99 ;
#1
:
:
:
:
#33
(Example 2)
M99 ;
Local variable
(level 1)
Local variable
(level 0)
Argument
(1) is set
Macro
(level 3)
#1
:
:
:
:
#33
Op4 ;
M99 ;
Local variable
(level 2)
Argument
(1) is set
Macro
(level 4)
#1
:
:
:
:
#33
M99 ;
Local variable
(level 4)
Local variable
(level 3)
Argument
(1) is set
#1
:
:
:
:
#33
Argument
1 is set
For continuous call
(a) Types stored in local variables in order of main program execution

Macro
(level 1)
Main program
N1G66Pp1AaBb ;
N2G65Pp2XxYy ;
Op2 ;
Op1 ;
X#24 ;
Y#25 ;
G00Z#1 ;
G01Z#2 ;
M99 ;
Local variable
(level 0)
#1
:
:
:
:
#33
Local variable
(level 1)
Local variable
(level 1)
#1
#2
:
#24 x
#25 y
:
#33
#1 a
#2 b
:
#24
#25
:
#33
N1 block execution
In it ial ization -> st orag e
187
Macro
(level 2)
N2 block execut ion

In itial ization -> storag e
M99 ;
Local variable
(level 2)
#1
#2
:
#24
#25
:
#33
#1
:
:
:
:
#33

(b) Types stored in local variables in order of macro program call order
Main program
N1G66Pp1AaBb ;
N2G65Pp2XxYy ;
Local variable
(level 0)
#1
:
:
:
:
#33
Macro
(level 2)
Macro
(level 1)
Op2 ;
Op1 ;
X#24 ;
Y#25 ;
G00Z#1 ;
G01Z#2 ;
M99 ;
M99 ;
Local variable
(level 1)
Local variable
(level 2)
#1 a
#2 b
:
#24
#25
:
#33
#1
#2
:
#24 x
#25 y
:
#33
(Note) The set local variable is initialized with macro return (M99) when using simple call (G65).
When using modal call A (G66) or B (G66.1), the local variable is initialized with cancel
(G67).
The types (a) and (b) can be changed with the parameter (#110138 macro call LVAR type).
(8) Differences between M98 and G65 commands
M98 is simply a subprogram call command. Thus, observe the following points.
(a) The argument can be designated for G65 but not for M98.
(b) The sequence number can be designated for M98 but no for G65, G66 and G66.1.
(c) M98 executes a subprogram after all the commands except M, P, H and L in the M98 block
have been executed, but G65 branches to the subprogram without any further operation.
(d) When any address except O, N, P, H or L is included in the M98 block, single block stop
results. This is not the case with G65.
(e) The level of the M98 local variables is fixed but it can be varied in accordance with the
nesting depth for G65. (#1, for instance, has the same significance either before or after M98
but a different significance in each case with G65.)
(f) The M98 nesting depth extends up to 8 levels in combination with G65, G66 and G66.1. The
G65 nesting depth extends up to only 4 levels in combination with G66 and G66.1.
188

13.7.3
Variables
Both the variable specifications and user macro specifications are required for the variables which are
used with the user macros.
The offset amounts of the local, common and system variables among the variables for this MELDAS
NC system except #33 are retained even when the unit's power is turned OFF. (Common variables
can also be cleared by parameter #310004 Com-var RST clear.)
(1) Use of multiple variables
When the user macro specifications applied, variable numbers can be turned into variables
(multiple use of variables) or replaced by <formula>. Only one of the four basic arithmetic rule (+,
, , ) operations can be conducted with <formula>.
(Example 1)
Multiple use of variables
#1 = 10 #10 = 20 #20 = 30 ;
#5 = #[#[#1]] ;
#1 = 20 #10 = 20 #20 = 30 #5 = 1000 ;
#[#[#1]] = #5 ;
(Example 2)
Example of multiple designation of variables
#10 = 5
In which case ##10 = 100 ; #5 = 100
(Example 3)
#[#[#1]] = #[#10] from #1 = 10.

#[#10] = #20 from #10 = 20.
Therefore, #5 = #20 or #5 = 30.
#[#[#1]] = #[#10] from #1 = 10.
#[#10] = #20 from #10 = 20.
Therefore, #20 = #5 or #20 = 1000.
<Formula> ##10 = 100; is handled in the same

manner as # [#10] = 100.
Replacing variable numbers with <formula>
#10 = 5 ;
#[#10 + 1] = 1000 ;
#[#10 1] = 1000 ;
#[#103] = 100 ;
#[#10/2] = 100 ;
In which case, #6 = 1000.

(2) Undefined variables

Variables applying with the user macro specifications such as variables which have not been
used even once after the power was turned ON or local variables not quoted by the G65, G66 or
G66.1 commands can be used as <vacant>. Also, variables can forcibly be set to <vacant>.
Variable #0 is always used as the <vacant> variable and cannot be defined in the left-side
member.
(a) Arithmetic expressions
#1 = #0 ; ............................
#2 = #0 + 1 ;......................
#3 = 1 + #0 ;......................
#4 = #010 ; ......................
#5 = #0 + #0 ;....................
#1 = <vacant>
#2 = 1
#3 = 1
#4 = 0
#5 = 0
It should be borne in mind that <vacant> in an arithmetic expression is

handled in the same way as 0.
<Vacant> + <Vacant> = 0
<Vacant> + <Constant> = Constant
<Constant> + <Vacant> = Constant
189

(b) Variable quotations

When undefined variables only are quoted, they are ignored up to the address.
When #1 = <Vacant>
G0 X#1 Y1000 ; ................ Equivalent to G0 Y1000 ;
G0 X#1 + 10 Y1000 ; ........ Equivalent to G0 X10 Y1000 ;
(c) Conditional expressions
<Vacant> and 0 are not equivalent for EQ and NE only. (#0 means <vacant>.)
When #101 = <Vacant>
When #101 = 0
#101 EQ #0
<Vacant> = <Vacant> established
#101 EQ #0
0 = <Vacant> not established
#101 NE 0
<Vacant> 0 established
#101 NE 0
0 0 not established
#101 GE #0
<Vacant> <Vacant> established
#101 GE #0
0 <Vacant> established
#101 GT 0
<Vacant> > 0 not established
#101 GT 0
0 > 0 not established
#101 LE #0
<Vacant> <Vacant> established
#101 LE #0
0 <Vacant> established
#101 LT 0
<Vacant> < 0 not established
#101 LT 0
0 < 0 not established
Note 1) EQ and NE should be used only for integers. For comparison of numeric values with
decimals, GE, GT, LE, and LT should be used.
List of condition establishment and establishment failure
(conditional expression containing non-defined variables)
Right side
EQ
NE
Blank
Constant
Blank
Constant
Left side
Blank
GT
Constant
{
Blank
LT
Constant
{ .........Conditional expression established

..........Conditional expression establishment failed
190
Blank
GE
Constant
{
LE
Blank
Constant
Blank
Constant

13.7.4
Types of variables
(1) Common variables

Common variables can be used commonly from any position. Number of the common variables
sets depends on the specifications. Refer to "13.6 Variable commands" for details.
(2) Local variables (#1 to #33)
These can be defined as an argument when a macro subprogram is called or used locally within
main programs and subprograms. They can be duplicated regardless of the relationship existing
between macros (up to 4 levels).
G65 Pp1 Ll1 <argument>
Where
(Note)
P1 = Program number
l1 = Number of repetitions
The argument is assumed to be Aa1 Bb1 Cc1 .............. Zz1.
The following table shows the correspondences between the addresses designated by argument
and the local variable numbers used in the user macro main bodies.
[Argument specification I]
Call
command Argument
address
G65
G66.1
G66
A
B
C
D
E
F
*
G
H
I
J
K
*
L
M
*
N
O
*
P
Local
variable
number
#1
#2
#3
#7
#8
#9
#10
#11
#4
#5
#6
#12
#13
#14
#15
#16
Call
command Argument
address
G65
G66.1
G66
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
Local
variable
number
#17
#18
#19
#20
#21
#22
#23
#24
#25
#26
#27
#28
#29
#30
#31
#32
#33
" " in the above table denotes an argument address which cannot be used. However, provided
that the G66.1 mode has been established, an argument address denoted by the asterisk can be
added for use.
"" denotes that a corresponding address is not available.
191

[Argument specification II]

Argument
specification II
address
A
B
C
I1
J1
K1
I2
J2
K2
I3
J3
K3
I4
J4
K4
I5
J5
K5
Variable in
macro
Argument specification
II address
Variable in
macro
#1
#2
#3
#4
#5
#6
#7
#8
#9
#10
#11
#12
#13
#14
#15
#16
#17
#18
I6
J6
K6
I7
J7
K7
I8
J8
K8
I9
J9
K9
I10
J10
K10
#19
#20
#21
#22
#23
#24
#25
#26
#27
#28
#29
#30
#31
#32
#33
Subscripts 1 to 10 for I, J, and K indicate the order of the specified command sets. They are not
required to specify instructions.
Local variables in subprograms can be defined by means of the <argument> designation during
macro call.
Main program
G65P9900A60.S100.F800;
Subprogram (9900)
To subprogram
M02;
#5=#4010;
G91G01X [#19COS [#1] ]
Y [#19SIN [#1] ] F#9;
M99;
Refer to the local
variables and control the
movement, etc.
Local variables set

by argument
Local variable
data table
192
A(#1)=
60.000
F(#9)=
800
S(#19)= 100.000

The local variables can be used freely in that subprogram.

Main program
Subprogram (1)
#30=FUP [#2/#5/2]
G65 P1 A100. B50. J10. F500;

To subprogram
#5=#2/#30/2 ;
M98H100L#30 ;
X#1 ;
M99 ;
N100 G1 X#1 F#9 ;
Example of front surface milling
Y#5 ;
X-#1 ;
Y#5 ;
M99 ;
The local variables

can be changed in
the subprogram.
J
Local variables set by argument
The local variables

can be changed in
the subprogram.
Local variable data table
A(#1) 100.000
B(#2) 50.000
F(#9)
500
J(#5) 10.000
(#30)
8.333
3
In the front surface milling example, argument J is programmed as the milling pitch 10.mm.
However, this is changed to 8.333mm to create an equal interval pitch.
The results of the No. of reciprocation data calculation is set in local variable #30.
193

Local variables can be used independently on each of the macro call levels (4 levels).
Local variables are also provided independently for the main program (macro level 0).
Arguments cannot be used for the level 0 local variables.
Main (level 0)
O1 (macro level 1)
O10 (macro level 2)
O100 (macro level 3)
#1=0.1 #2=0.2 #3=0.3;

G65 P1A1. B2. C3.;
G65 P10A10. B20. C30.;
M99;
M99;
M02;
G65 P100A100. B200.;
M99;
Local variables (0)
Local variables (1)
Local variables (2)
Local variables (3)
#1
#2
#3
A (#1) 1.000
B (#2) 2.000
C (#3) 3.000
D (#7)
A (#1) 10.000
B (#2) 20.000
C (#3) 30.000
D (#7)
A (#1) 100.000
B (#2) 200.000
C (#3)
Z(#26)
Z(#26)
Z(#26)
#32
#32
#32
#32
0.100
0.200
0.300
The status of the local variables appear on the setting and display unit.
Refer to the Instruction Manual for details.
194

(3) Macro interface inputs (#1000 ~ #1041)

The status of the interface input signals can be ascertained by reading out the values of variable
numbers 1000 to 1041. A variable value which has been read out can be only one of 2 values: 1
or 0 (1: contact closed, 0: contact open). All the input signals from #1000 to #1031 can be read at
once by reading out the value of variable number 1032. Variable numbers #1000 to #1041 are for
readout only, and cannot be placed in the left side member of their arithmetic formula. Input here
refers to input to the control unit.
System
variable
No. of
points
Interface input
signal
System
variable
No. of
points
Interface input
signal
#1000
#1001
#1002
#1003
#1004
#1005
#1006
#1007
#1008
#1009
#1010
#1011
#1012
#1013
#1014
#1015
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Register R124 bit 0

Register R124 bit 1
Register R124 bit 2
Register R124 bit 3
Register R124 bit 4
Register R124 bit 5
Register R124 bit 6
Register R124 bit 7
Register R124 bit 8
Register R124 bit 9
Register R124 bit 10
#1016
#1017
#1018
#1019
#1020
#1021
#1022
#1023
#1024
#1025
#1026
#1027
#1028
#1029
#1030
#1031
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Register R125 bit 0

Register R125 bit 1
Register R125 bit 2
Register R125 bit 3
Register R125 bit 4
Register R125 bit 5
Register R125 bit 6
Register R125 bit 7
Register R125 bit 8
Register R125 bit 9
System
variable
No. of
points
Interface input
signal
#1032
#1033
#1034
#1035
#1036
#1037
#1038
#1039
#1040
#1041
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
Register R124, R125

Register R126, R127
Register R128, R129
Register R130, R131
Register R140, R141
Register R142, R143
Register R144, R145
Register R146, R147
Register R148, R149
Register R150, R151
195

(4) Macro interface outputs (#1100 ~ #1141)

The interface output signals can be sent by substituting values in variable numbers 1100 to 1141.
An output signal can be only 0 or 1.
All the output signals from #1100 to #1131 can be sent at once by substituting a value in variable
number 1132. (20 ~ 231)
The status of the writing and output signals can be read in order to offset the #1100 to #1141
output signals. Output here refers to the output from the NC.
System
variable
No. of
points
Interface input
signal
System
variable
No. of
points
Interface input
signal
#1100
#1101
#1102
#1103
#1104
#1105
#1106
#1107
#1108
#1109
#1110
#1111
#1112
#1113
#1114
#1115
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Register R24 bit 0

Register R24 bit 1
Register R24 bit 2
Register R24 bit 3
Register R24 bit 4
Register R24 bit 5
Register R24 bit 6
Register R24 bit 7
Register R24 bit 8
Register R24 bit 9
Register R24 bit 10
Register R24 bit 11
Register R24 bit 12
Register R24 bit 13
Register R24 bit 14
Register R24 bit 15
#1116
#1117
#1118
#1119
#1120
#1121
#1122
#1123
#1124
#1125
#1126
#1127
#1128
#1129
#1130
#1131
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Register R25 bit 0

Register R25 bit 1
Register R25 bit 2
Register R25 bit 3
Register R25 bit 4
Register R25 bit 5
Register R25 bit 6
Register R25 bit 7
Register R25 bit 8
Register R25 bit 9
Register R25 bit 10
Register R25 bit 11
Register R25 bit 12
Register R25 bit 13
Register R25 bit 14
Register R25 bit 15
System
variable
No. of
points
Interface input
signal
#1132
#1133
#1134
#1135
#1136
#1137
#1138
#1139
#1140
#1141
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
Register R24, R25

Register R26, R27
Register R28, R29
Register R30, R31
Register R40, R41
Register R42, R43
Register R44, R45
Register R46, R47
Register R48, R49
Register R50, R51
Note 1) The last values of the system variables #1100 to #1141 sent are retained as 1 or 0.
(They are not cleared even with resetting.)
Note 2) The following applies when any number except 1 or 0 is substituted into #1100 to
#1131.
<Vacant> is treated as 0.
Any number except 0 and <vacant> is treated as 1.
Any value less than 0.00000001 is indefinite.
196

Input signal
(R124, R125)
#1032 (R72,R73)
#1032(R172,R173)
(R24, R25)
#1132
#1000
#1100
#1001
#1101
#1002
#1102
#1003
#1103
Read only
#1029
#1030
#1031
32
Read/write
Macro instructions
#1028
Output signal
bit (R126, R127)
#1128
#1129
#1130
#1131
(R26, R27)
#1033
32
bit
#1133
(R128, R129)
(R28, R29)
#1034
#1134
#1035
#1135
(R130, R131)
(R30, R31)
(5) Normal line control parameter (#1900, #1901)

The normal line control C axis turning diameter and normal line control C axis insertion diameter
can be read and written with the variable numbers #1900 and #1901.
Variable No.
#1900
#1901
Details
Machining parameter "#330015 Normal C axis turn R"
Machining parameter "#330016 Norm C insrt radius"
(6) Tool offset

Variable number range
Type 1
Type 2
#10001 ~ #10000 + n
#2001 ~ #2000 + n
(Length dimension)
#11001 ~ #11000 + n
#2201 ~ #2200 + n
(Length wear)
#16001 ~ #16000 + n
#2401 ~ #2400 + n
(Radius dimension)
#17001 ~ #17000 + n
#2601 ~ #2600 + n
(Radius wear)
197

Tool data can be read and values substituted using the variable numbers.
Either the numbers in the #10000 order or #2000 order can be used.
The last 3 digits of the variable numbers correspond to the tool offset number.
n corresponds to the No. of tool offset sets.
If there are 4000 tool offset sets and type 2 is being used, avoid variable Nos. in the #2000 order,
and instead use the #10000 order.
The tool offset data are configured as data with a decimal point in the same way as for other
variables. Consequently, this decimal point must be commanded when data below the decimal
point is to be entered.
Programming example
#101=1000;
#10001=#101;
#102=#10001;
(Example 1)
Common variables
After
execution
#101=1000.0
Tool offset data
H1=1000.000
#102=1000.0
Calculation and tool offset data setting
G28Z0T01 ;
M06 ;
#1=#5003 ;
G00 Z-500. ;
G31 Z-100. F100;
#10001=#5063-#1 ;
Zero point return

#1
Tool change (spindle T01)
Start point memory
Rapid traverse to safety
#5063
position
Skip measurement
Measured distance
calculation and tool offset
data setting
G00
H1
G31
Sensor
Note) In this example, no consideration is given to the delay in the skip sensor signal.
#5003 is the Z-axis start point position and #5063 is the Z-axis skip coordinates, and
indicated is the position at which the skip signal is input while G31 is being executed.
198

(7) Workpiece coordinate system offset

By using variable numbers 5201 to 5324, it is possible to read out the workpiece coordinate
system offset data or to substitute values.
Note) The number of axes which can be controlled differs according to the specifications.
Axis No.
Axis name
External workpiece
offset
G54
G55
G56
G57
G58
G59
Axis 1
Axis 2
Axis 3
Axis 4
Remarks
#5201
#5202
#5203
#5204
External workpiece offset

specifications are required.
#5221
#5241
#5261
#5281
#5301
#5321
#5222
#5242
#5262
#5282
#5302
#5322
#5223
#5243
#5263
#5283
#5303
#5323
#5224
#5244
#5264
#5284
#5304
#5324
(Example
(Example 1)
N1
-90.
N1 G28 X0Y0Z0 ;
N2 #5221=-20. #5222=-20. ;
N3 G90 G00 G54 X0 Y0 ;
-20.
N3
W1
N10 #5221=-90. #5222=-10. ;
N11 G90 G00 G54 X0Y0 ;
M02 ;
N11
-10.
-20.
W1
G54 workpiece
work coordinate
G54
system defined
by
coordinate
system
N10
defined
by N10
G54
G54workpiece
work coordinate
coordinate
system
system defined
by
defined
by N2
N2
Base machine coordinate system
External workpiece offset
(Example
(Example 2)
G55
G54
W2 (G55)
Coordinate system
before change
N100 #5221=#5221+#5201 ;
#5222=#5222+#5202 ;
#5241=#5241+#5201 ;
#5242=#5242+#5202 ;
#5201=0 #5202=0;
W1 (G54)
Base machine coordinate system

M
G55
G54
Coordinate system
after change
W2 (G55)
W1 (G54)
This is an example where the external workpiece offset values are added to the workpiece
coordinate (G54, G55) system offset values without changing the position of the workpiece
coordinate systems.
199

(8) Extended workpiece coordinate system offset

The extended workpiece coordinate system offset data can be read, and values can be
substituted using the variable numbers 7000 to 7944.
(Note) This is valid when the extended workpiece coordinate system specifications are provided.
Axis 1 to Axis 4
Axis 1 to Axis 4
P1
#7001 to #7004
P25
#7481 to #7484
P2
#7021 to #7024
P26
#7501 to #7504
P3
#7041 to #7044
P27
#7521 to #7524
P4
#7061 to #7064
P28
#7541 to #7544
P5
#7081 to #7084
P29
#7561 to #7564
P6
#7101 to #7104
P30
#7581 to #7584
P7
#7121 to #7124
P31
#7601 to #7604
P8
#7141 to #7144
P32
#7621 to #7624
P9
#7161 to #7164
P33
#7641 to #7644
P10
#7181 to #7184
P34
#7661 to #7664
P11
#7201 to #7204
P35
#7681 to #7684
P12
#7221 to #7224
P36
#7701 to #7704
P13
#7241 to #7244
P37
#7721 to #7724
P14
#7261 to #7264
P38
#7741 to #7744
P15
#7281 to #7284
P39
#7761 to #7764
P16
#7301 to #7304
P40
#7781 to #7784
P17
#7321 to #7324
P41
#7801 to #7804
P18
#7341 to #7344
P42
#7821 to #7824
P19
#7361 to #7364
P43
#7841 to #7844
P20
#7381 to #7384
P44
#7861 to #7864
P21
#7401 to #7404
P45
#7881 to #7884
P22
#7421 to #7424
P46
#7901 to #7904
P23
#7441 to #7444
P47
#7921 to #7924
P24
#7461 to #7464
P48
#7941 to #7944
200

(9) Alarm (#3000)

The NC system can be forcibly set to the alarm state by using variable number 3000.
Command format
#3000 = 70 (CALL#PROGRAMMER#TEL#530) :
Alarm message
Alarm number
Any alarm number from 1 to 9999 can be specified.

The alarm message must be less than 31 characters long.
The "PR0277 Macro alarm message" appears in the <alarm> column on diagnosis screen 1 while
the alarm number and alarm message CALL #PROGRAMMER #TEL#530 is indicated in the
<operator message>.
Example of program (alarm when #1 = 0)

<Alarm>
P277 : Macro
alarm
message
PR0277:
Macro
alarm
message
IF [#1 NE 0] GOTO 100 ;

#3000=70(CALL#PROGRAMMER#TEL#530) ;
N100
Stops with
NC alarm
<Operator message>
CALL#PROGRAMMER#TEL#530
70
Note 1) Alarm number 0 is not displayed and any number exceeding 9999 cannot be
indicated.
Note 2) The characters following the first alphabet letter in the right member is treated as the
alarm message. Therefore, a number cannot be designated as the first character of
an alarm message. It is recommended that the alarm messages be enclosed in round
parentheses.
201

(10) Integrating (run-out) time (#3001, #3002)

The integrating (run-out) time can be read during automatic operation or automatic start or values
can be substituted by using variable numbers 3001 and 3002.
Type
Variable
number
Integrating
(run-out) time 1
3001
Integrating
(run-out) time 2
3002
Contents when
power is turned
ON
Unit
1ms
Same as when
power is turned
OFF
Initialization of
contents
Count condition
At all times while

Value substituted power is ON
for variable
In-automatic start
The integrating run time returns to zero in about 2.44 1011 ms (approximately 7.7 years).
O9010
#3001=0 ;
WHILE [#3001LE#20] DO1 ;
(allowable
(allowabletime)
G65P9010T time)
ms;
To
subprogram
END1 :
M99 ;
Entered in local
variable #20
Local variable
Allowable time portion :

DO1-END is repeated and when allowable
time is reached, operations jumps to M99.
T#20
(11) Suppression of single block stop and miscellaneous function finish signal waiting
By substituting the values below in variable number 3003, it is possible to suppress single block
stop in the subsequent blocks or to advance to the next block without waiting for the
miscellaneous function (M, S, T, B) finish (FIN) signal.
#3003
Single block stop
Miscellaneous function finish signal
Not suppressed
Awaited
Suppressed
Awaited
Not suppressed
Not awaited
Suppressed
Not awaited
Note 1) #3003 is cleared to zero by NC reset.
202

(12) Feed hold, feedrate override, G09 valid/invalid

By substituting the values below in variable number 3004, it is possible to make the feed hold,
feedrate override and G09 functions either valid or invalid in the subsequent blocks.
Bit 0
Bit 1
Bit 2
Feed hold
Feedrate override
G09 check
Valid
Valid
Valid
Invalid
Valid
Valid
Valid
Invalid
Valid
Invalid
Invalid
Valid
Valid
Valid
Invalid
Invalid
Valid
Invalid
Valid
Invalid
Invalid
Invalid
Invalid
Invalid
#3004
Contents (value)
Note 1) Variable number #3004 is set to zero by NC reset.

Note 2) The functions are valid when the above bits are 0 and invalid when they are 1.
(13) Message display and stop

By using variable number 3006, the execution is stopped after the previous block has been
executed and, if message display data have been commanded, then the corresponding message
will be indicated.
Command format
#3006
( TAKE FIVE ) :
Message
The message should not be longer than 31 characters and it should be enclosed within round
(
) parentheses.
(14) Mirror image

By reading variable number 3007, it is possible to ascertain the status of mirror image at a
particular point in time for each axis.
The axes correspond to the bits of #3007. When the bits are 0, it means that the mirror image
function is not valid; when they are 1, it means that it is valid.
#3007
Bit
15
14
13
12
11
10
nth axis
203

(15) Miscellaneous function lock state

The miscellaneous function lock state can be seen by reading the variable number #3008.
The #3008 details indicate the following:
0: Miscellaneous function lock OFF
1: Miscellaneous function lock ON
The ON/OFF status of the miscellaneous function lock is determined by the miscellaneous
function lock signal (Y75A) and miscellaneous function lock invalid (#3009).
Miscellaneous function lock signal (Y75A) OFF ON OFF ON
Miscellaneous function lock invalid OFF OFF ON ON
(#3009)
Miscellaneous function lock state (#3008) OFF ON OFF OFF
(16) Miscellaneous function lock invalid
By substituting the following values in the variable number #3009, the miscellaneous function lock
signal (Y75A) can be validated and invalidated in the following blocks.
#3009
Details
0
1
(Note)
Bit 0
Miscellaneous function lock
Valid
Invalid
#3009 is set to 0 when reset.
(17) Clock function

The current time (year, month, date, hour, minute, second) can be read and written using the
variable numbers #3011 and #3012.
Type
Variable number
Year, month, date
#3011
Hour, minute, second
#3012
204
Example) For 18 hours, 27 minutes, 52

seconds on May 14, 1992
#3011 = 19920514 ;
#3012 = 182752 ;

(18) G command modals

Using variable numbers 4001 to 4021, it is possible to read the G modal commands which have
been issued up to the block immediately before.
Similarly, it is possible to read the modals in the block being executed with variable numbers
#4201 to #4221.
Variable number
Pre-read block
Execution block
#4001
#4201
Function
Interpolation mode
: G00:0, G01:1, G02:2, G03:3

: G17:17, G18:18, G19:19
#4002
#4202
Plane selection
#4003
#4203
Absolute/incremental : G90:90, G91:91
#4004
#4204
No variable No.
#4005
#4205
Feed designation
: G94:94, G95:95
#4006
#4206
Inch/metric
: G20:20, G21:21
#4007
#4207
Tool nose R compensation : G40:40, G41:41, G42:42
#4008
#4208
Tool length offset
: G43:43, G44:44, G49:49
Fixed cycle
: G80:80, G73~74:73~74, G76:76,

G81~G89:81~89
#4009
#4209
#4010
#4210
Return level
: G98:98, G99:99
#4011
#4211
Scaling
: G50:50, G51:51
#4012
#4212
Workpiece coordinate system: G54~G59:54~59
#4013
#4213
Acceleration/deceleration : G61~G64:61~64
#4014
#4214
Macro modal call
: G66:66, G66.1:66.1, G67:67
#4015
#4215
Normal line control
: G40.1:40.1, G41.1:41.1,
G42.1:42.1
#4016
#4216
Coordinate rotation
: G68:68, G69:69
#4017
#4217
Mirror image
#4018
#4218
#4019
#4219
#4020
#4220
#4021
#4221
G50.1:50.1, G51.1:51.1
(Example)
G28 X0 Y0 Z0 ;
G90 G1 X100. F1000;
G91 G65 P300 X100. Y100.;
M02;
O300;
#1 = #4003; Group 3G modal (pre-read) #1 = 91.0
#2 = #4203; Group 3G modal (now being executed) #2 = 90.0
G#1X#24Y#25;
M99;
%
205

(19) Other modals

Using variable numbers 4101 to 4120, it is possible to read the model commands assigned up to
the block immediately before.
Similarly, it is possible to read the modals in the block being executed with variable numbers
#4301 to #4320.
Variable number
Pre-read Execution
Modal information
Variable number
Modal information
Pre-read Execution
#4101
#4301
#4111
#4311
#4102
#4302
#4112
#4312
#4103
#4303
#4113
#4313
Miscellaneous function M
#4104
#4304
#4114
#4314
Sequence number N
#4105
#4305
#4115
#4315
Program number O
#4106
#4306
#4116
#4316
#4107
#4307
#4117
#4317
#4108
#4308
#4118
#4318
#4109
#4309
#4119
#4319
Spindle function S
#4110
#4310
#4120
#4320
Tool function T
Tool radius
compensation No. D
Feedrate F
Tool length offset No.H
(20) Position information

Using variable numbers 5001 to 5104, it is possible to read the servo deviation amounts, tool
position offset amount, skip coordinates, workpiece coordinates, machine coordinates and end
point coordinates in the block immediately before.
Position
information
End point
coordinate
of block
immediately
before
Machine
coordinate
Workpiece
coordinate
Skip
coordinate
Tool
position
offset
amount
Servo
deviation
amount
#5001
#5021
#5041
#5061
#5081
#5101
#5002
#5022
#5042
#5062
#5082
#5102
#5003
#5023
#5043
#5063
#5083
#5103
#5004
#5024
#5044
#5064
#5084
#5104
Remarks (reading
during movement)
Yes
No
No
Yes
No
Yes
Axis No.
Note 1) The number of axes which can be controlled differs according to the specifications.
Note 2) The tool position offset position is the value obtained with only the G45 to G48
position compensation amount.
206

1)
The positions of the end point coordinates and skip coordinates are positions in the workpiece
coordinate system.
2) The end point coordinates, skip coordinates and servo deviation amounts can be read even
during movement. However, it must first be checked that movement has stopped before reading
the machine coordinates and the workpiece coordinates.
3) The position where the skip signal is turned ON in the G31 block is indicated for the skip
coordinates. The end point position is indicated when the skip signal has not been turned ON.
(For further details, refer to the section on tool length measurement.)
4) The tool nose position where the tool offset and other such factors are not considered is indicated
as the end point position. The tool reference point position with consideration given to tool offset is
indicated for the machine coordinates, workpiece coordinates and skip coordinates.
Basic machine coordinate system
Workpiece
coordinate
Work
coordinatesystem
system W
Read
command
G00
Gauge, etc.
G01
Skip coordinates
Read
command
[End point
coordinates]
Workpiece
Work coordinate
system
coordinate
system
W
[Work
[Workpiece
coordinates]
coordinates]
[Machine
coordinates]
Machine coordinate
system
Skip signal
G31
F (feedrate)
W
[Input coordinates
of skip signal]
Workpiece
Work coordinate
coordinate
system
system
[Workpiece
[Work
coordinates]
coordinates]
Machine coordinate
system
M
[Machine coordinates]
For " ", check stop and

then proceed to read.
For " ", reading is
possible during movement.
The position of the skip signal input coordinates is the position in the workpiece coordinate
system. The coordinates in variable numbers #5061 to #5064 memorize the moments when the
skip input signal during movement was input and so they can be read at any subsequent time.
For further details, reference should be made to the section on the skip function.
207

(Example 1)
Example of workpiece position measurement
An example to measure the distance from the measured reference point to the workpiece
edge is shown below.
Argument
<Local variable>
F(#9)
200
X(#24)100.000
Y(#25)100.000
Z(#26) -10.000
Main program
G65P9031X100.Y100.Z-10.F200;
O9031
To subprogram
<Common variable>
#101
87.245
#102
87.245
#103 123.383
Skip input
N1 #180=#4003;
N2 #30=#5001 #31=#5002;
N3 G91 G01 Z#26 F#9;
N4 G31 X#24 Y#25 F#9;
N5 G90 G00 X#30 Y#31;
N6 #101=#30-#5061 #102=#31-#5062;
N7 #103=SQR [#101#101+#102*#102] ;
N8 G91 G01Z-#26;
N9 IF [#180 EQ 91] GOTO 11;
N10 G90;
N11 M99;
#102
Start point N4
N3
#103
N5
Y
#101
X
Z N8
#101
#102
#103
X axis measurement amount

X axis measurement amount
Measurement linear segment
amount
#5001 X axis measurement start point
#5002 Y axis measurement start point
#5061 X axis skip input point

#5062 Y axis skip input point
(Example 2)
N1 G90/G91 modal recording

N2 X, Y start point recording
N3 Z axis entry amount
N4 X, Y measurement (Stop at skip input)
N5 Return to X, Y start point
N6 X, Y measurement incremental value
calculation
N7 Measurement linear segment calculation
N8 Z axis escape
N9, N10 G90/G91 modal return
N11 Subprogram return
Reading of skip input coordinates

-X -150
-75
-25
N1 G91G28X0Y0;
N2 G90G00X0Y0;
N3 X0Y-100.;
N4 G31X-150.Y-50.F80;
N5 #111=#5061#112=#5062;
N6 G00Y0;
N7 G31X0;
N8 #121=#5061#122=#5062;
N9 M02;
Y X
-50
-75
-100
-Y
Skip signal
#111 = 75. +
#112 = 75. +
#121 = 25. +
#122 = 75. +
is the error caused by response delay. (Refer to the section on the skip function for details.)
#122 is the N4 skip signal input coordinates as there is no Y command at N7.
208

(21) Mirror image

The external, parameter, G command mirror image valid axis and each axis center coordinate
value can be read with variable numbers #30000 to #30056.
Variable No.
#30000
#30001
#30002
.
.
#30016
#30020
#30021
#30022
.
.
#30036
#30040
#30041
#30042
.
.
#30056
Details
External mirror image valid axis
bit 0: 1st axis external mirror image valid axis
bit 1: 2nd axis external mirror image valid axis
.
.
bit 15: 16th axis external mirror image valid axis
1st axis external mirror image center coordinate value
2nd axis external mirror image center coordinate value
.
.
16th axis external mirror image center coordinate value
Parameter mirror image valid axis
bit 0: 1st axis parameter mirror image valid axis
bit 1: 2nd axis parameter mirror image valid axis
.
.
bit 15: 16th axis parameter mirror image valid axis
1st axis parameter mirror image center coordinate value
2nd axis parameter mirror image center coordinate value
.
.
16th axis parameter mirror image center coordinate value
G command mirror image valid axis
bit 0: 1st axis G command mirror image valid axis
bit 1: 2nd axis G command mirror image valid axis
.
.
bit15: 16th axis G command mirror image valid axis
1st axis G command mirror image center coordinate value
2nd axis G command mirror image center coordinate value
.
.
16th axis G command mirror image center coordinate value
209

(22) Coordinate rotation

The parameter and program coordinate rotation information can be read using the variable
numbers #30060 to 30076.
Variable No.
#30060
#30061
#30062
#30063
#30064
#30065
#30066
#30067
#30068
#30070
#30071
#30072
#30073
#30074
#30075
#30076
Details
Parameter coordinate rotation center horizontal axis No.
Parameter coordinate rotation center vertical axis No.
Parameter coordinate rotation center coordinate value horizontal axis
Parameter coordinate rotation center coordinate value vertical axis
Parameter coordinate rotation angle
Parameter coordinate rotation SIN data
Parameter coordinate rotation COS data
Parameter coordinate rotation horizontal axis length
Parameter coordinate rotation vertical axis length
Program coordinate rotation center horizontal axis No.
Program coordinate rotation center vertical axis No.
Program coordinate rotation center coordinate value horizontal axis
Program coordinate rotation center coordinate value vertical axis
Program coordinate rotation angle
Program coordinate rotation SIN data
Program coordinate rotation COS data
(23) Scaling
The scaling information can be read using the variable numbers #30080 to #30097
Variable No.
#30080
#30081
#30082
.
.
#30096
#30097
Details
Scaling valid axis
bit 0: 1st axis scaling valid
bit 2: 2nd axis scaling valid
.
.
bit 15: 16th axis scaling valid
1st axis scaling center coordinate value
2nd axis scaling center coordinate value
.
.
16th axis scaling center coordinate value
Scaling magnification
210

(24) Variable name setting and quotation

Any name (variable name) can be given to common variables #500 to #519. It must be composed
of not more than 7 alphanumerics and it must begin with a letter. Do not use "#" in variable names.
It causes an alarm when the program is executed.
Command format
SETVN n [ NAME1, NAME2, ]
:
Head number of variable to be named
#n name (variable name)
#n + 1 name (variable name)
:
Variable names are separated by a comma (,).
(a) Once variable names have been set, they will not be cleared even when the power is turned
OFF.
(b) Variables in programs can be quoted by their variable names. In cases like this, the variables
should be enclosed in square parentheses.
(Example 1) G01X [#POINT1] ;
[#NUMBER] = 25 ;
(c) The variable numbers, data and variable names appear on the screen of the setting and
display unit.
(Example 2)
Program ...... SETVN500 [A234567, DIST, TOOL25] ;
[Common variables]
#500
-12345.678
A234567
#501
5670.000
DIST
#502
-156.500
TOOL25
#518
10.000
Common variable
NUMBER
#(502) Data (-156.5) Name (TOOL25)
211

13.7.5
Arithmetic commands
A variety of arithmetic operations can be performed between variables.

#i = <formula>
<Formula> is a combination of constants, variables, functions and operators.
Constants can be used instead of #j and #k below.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Definition and
substitution of
variables
Addition arithmetic
Multiplication
arithmetic
Functions
#i = #j
Definition, substitution
#i = #j + #k
#i = #j #k
#i = #j OR #k
#i = #j XOR #k
Addition
Subtraction
Logical sum (at every bit of 32 bits)
Exclusive OR (at every bit of 32 bits)
Multiplication
#i = #j #k
#i = #j / #k
#i = #j MOD #k
#i = #j AND #k
#i = SIN [#k]
#i = COS [#k]
#i = TAN [#k]
#i = ATAN [#j]
#i = ACOS [#j]
#i = SQRT [#k]
#i = ABS [#k]
#i = BIN [#k]
#i = BCD [#k]
#i = ROUND [#k]
#i = FIX [#k]
#i = FUP [#k]
#i = LN [#k]
#i = EXP [#k]
Division
Remainder
Logical product (at every bit of 32 bits)
Sine
Cosine
Tangent (sin/cos used for tan)
Arctangent (ATAN or ATN may be
used)
Arc-cosine
Square root
(SQRT or SQR may be used)
Absolute value
Conversion from BCD to BIN
Conversion from BIN to BCD
Rounding off
(ROUND or RND may be used)
Discard fractions less than 1
Add for fractions less than 1
Natural logarithm
Exponent with e (=2.718 .....) as bottom
Note 1) A value without a decimal point is basically treated as a value with a decimal point at the
end (1 = 1.000).
Note 2) Offset amounts from #10001 and workpiece coordinate system offset values from #5201
are handled as data with a decimal point. Consequently, data with a decimal point will be
produced even when data without a decimal point have been defined in the variable
numbers.
(Example)
#101
= 1000
#10001 = #101
#102
#101
#102
1000.000
1000.000
= #10001 ;
Note 3) The <formula> after a function must be enclosed in the square parentheses.
212

(1) Sequence of arithmetic operations

The sequence of the arithmetic operations (1) to (3) is, respectively, the functions followed by the
multiplication arithmetic followed in turn by the addition arithmetic.
#101 = #111 + #112SIN[#113]
(1)
Function
(2)
Multiplication arithmetic
(3)
Addition arithmetic
(2) Designation of arithmetic operation sequence

The part to be given priority in the operation sequence should be enclosed in square parentheses.
Up to 5 pairs of such parentheses including those for the functions may be used.
#101 = SQRT [ [ [ #111 = #112 ] SIN[#113] + #114] #15] ;
First pair of parentheses
Second pair of parentheses
Third pair of parentheses
(3) Examples of arithmetic commands

(1) Main Program
and argument
designation
G65 P100 A10 B20.;

#101 = 100.000 #102 =
200.000 ;
(2) Definition and

substitution (=)
#1 = 1000
#2 = 1000.
#3 = #101
#4 = #102
#5 = #5041
(3) Addition and

subtraction (+,-)
(4) Logical sum

(OR)
#11 = #1 + 1000
#12 = #2 50.
#13 = #101 + #1
#14 = #5041 3.
#15 = #5041 + #102
#3 = 100
#4 = #3OR14
(5) Exclusive OR
(XOR)
#3 = 100
#4 = #3XOR14
213
#1
#2
#101
#102
#1
#2
#3
#4
#5
10.0000
20.0000
100.0000
200.0000
1000.0000
1000.0000
100.0000
200.0000
-10.0000
#11
2000.0000
#12
950.0000
#13
1100.0000
#14
-13.0000
#15
190.0000
#3 = 01100100
14 = 00001110
#4 = 01101110 = 110
#3 = 01100100
14 = 00001110
#4 = 01101010 = 106
From common
variables
From offset
amount

(6) Multiplication
#21 = 100100
and division (,/) #22 = 100.100
#23 = 100100
#24 = 100.100.
#25 = 100/100
#26 = 100./100.
#27 = 100/100.
#28 = 100./100.
#29 = #5041#101
#30 = #5041/#102
Remainder
#31 = #19MOD#20
(MOD)
(7) Logical product #9 = 100
(AND)
#10 = #9AND15
(8) Sin (SIN)
(9) Cosine (COS)
(10) Tangent (TAN)
(11) Arctangent
(ATAN or ATN)
(12) Arc-cosine
(ACOS)
#501 = SIN [60]

#502 = SIN [60.]
#503 = 1000SIN [60]
#504 = 1000SIN [60.]
#505 = 1000.SIN [60]
#506 = 1000.SIN [60.]
Note: SIN [60] is equivalent
to SIN [60.]
#541 = COS [45]
#542 = COS [45.]
#543 = 1000COS [45]
#544 = 1000COS [45.]
#545 = 1000.COS [45]
#546 = 1000.COS [45.]
Note: COS [45] is equivalent to
COS [45.]
#551 = TAN [60]
#552 = TAN [60.]
#553 = 1000TAN [60]
#554 = 1000TAN [60.]
#555 = 1000.TAN [60]
#556 = 1000.TAN [60.]
Note: TAN [60] is equivalent to
TAN [60.]
#561 = ATAN [173205/100000]
#562 = ATAN [173205/100.]
#563 = ATAN [173.205/100000]
#564 = ATAN [173.205/100.]
#565 = ATAN [1.732]
#521 = ACOS [100./141.421]
#522 = ACOS [100./141.421]
#523 = ACOS [1000./1414.213]
#524 = ACOS [10./14.142]
#525 = ACOS [0.707]
214
#21
#22
#23
#24
#25
#26
#27
#28
#29
#30
10000.0000
10000.0000
10000.0000
10000.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
-1000.0000
-0.0500
#19/#20 = 48/9 = 5 with 3 over

#9 = 01100100
15 = 00001111
#10 = 00000100 = 4
#501
0.860
#502
0.860
#503
866.0254
#504
866.0254
#505
866.0254
#506
866.0254
#541
#542
#543
#544
#545
#546
0.7071
0.7071
707.1068
707.1068
707.1068
707.1068
#551
#552
#553
#554
#555
#556
1.7321
1.7321
1732.0508
1732.0508
1732.0508
1732.0508
#561
#562
#563
#564
#565
#521
#522
#523
#524
#525
60.0000
60.0000
60.0000
60.0000
59.9993
44.9999
44.9999
45.0000
44.9995
45.0087

(13) Square root

(SQR or SQRT)
(14) Absolute value

(ABS)
(15) BIN, BCD
(16) Rounding off

(ROUND or
RND)
(17) Discarding
fractions below
decimal point
(FIX)
(18) Adding fractions

less than 1
(FUP)
(19) Natural
logarithms (LN)
(20) Exponents
(EXP)
#571 = SQRT [1000]

#572 = SQRT [1000.]
#573 = SQRT [10.10.+20.20.]
#574 =
SQRT[#14#14+#15#15]
Note: In order to increase the
accuracy, proceed with
the operation inside
parentheses.
#576 = -1000
#577 = ABS [#576]
#3 = 70.#4 = -50.
#580 = ABS [#4 - #3]
#1 = 100
#11 = BIN [#1]
#12 = BCD [#1]
#21 = ROUND [14/3]
#22 = ROUND [14./3]
#23 = ROUND [14/3.]
#24 = ROUND [14./3.]
#25 = ROUND [-14/3]
#26 = ROUND [-14./3]
#27 = ROUND [-14/3.]
#28 = ROUND [-14./3.]
#21 = FIX [14/3]
#22 = FIX [14./3]
#23 = FIX [14/3.]
#24 = FIX[14./3.]
#25 = FIX [-14/3]
#26 = FIX [-14./3]
#27 = FIX [-14/3.]
#28 = FIX [-14./3.]
#21 = FUP [14/3]
#22 = FUP [14./3]
#23 = FUP [14/3.]
#24 = FUP [14./3.]
#25 = FUP [-14/3]
#26 = FUP [-14./3]
#27 = FUP [-14/3.]
#28 = FUP [-14./3.]
#101 = LN [5]
#102 = LN [0.5]
#103 = LN [-5]
#104 = EXP [2]
#105 = EXP [1]
#106 = EXP [-2]
215
#571
#572
#573
#574
31.6228
31.6228
22.3607
190.4442
#576
#577
-1000.0000
1000.0000
#580
120.0000
#11
#12
#21
#22
#23
#24
#25
#26
#27
#28
#21
#22
#23
#24
#25
#26
#27
#28
#21
#22
#23
#24
#25
#26
#27
#28
#101
#102
Error
#104
#105
#106
64.0000
256.0000
5.0000
5.0000
5.0000
5.0000
-5.0000
-5.0000
-5.0000
-5.0000
4.0000
4.0000
4.0000
4.0000
-4.0000
-4.0000
-4.0000
-4.0000
5.0000
5.0000
5.0000
5.0000
-5.0000
-5.0000
-5.0000
-5.0000
1.6094
-0.6931
"PR0282"
7.3891
2.7183
0.1353

13.7.6
Control commands
The flow of programs can be controlled by IF-GOTO- and WHILE-DO-.

(1) Branching
Format :
IF [conditional expression] GOTO n; (n = sequence number in the program)
When the condition is satisfied, control branches to "n" and when it is not satisfied, the next block
is executed.
IF [conditional expression] can be omitted and, when it is, control passes to "n" unconditionally.
The following types of [conditional expressions] are available.
#i EQ #j
= When #i and #j are equal
#i NE #j
When #i and #j are not equal
#i GT #j
> When #i is greater than #j
#i LT #j
< When #i is less than #j
#i GE #j
When #i is #j or more
#i LE #j
When #i is #j or less
N10 #22=#20 #23=#21;

IF [#2 EQ1] GOTO100;
#22=#20-#3;
#23=#21-#4;
N100 X#22
#1=#1+1;
Branching to
N100 when
content of #2 is 1
Branch
search
"n" of GOTO n must always be in the same program. Alarm "PR0231 No sequence No." will result
if it is not. A formula or variable can be used instead of #i, #j and "n".
In the block with sequence number "n" which will be executed after a GOTO n command, the
sequence number must always be at the head of the block.
Otherwise, alarm "PR0231 No sequence No." will result.
If "/" is at the head of the block and Nn follows, control can be branched to the sequence number.
N100
Y#23;
Branch
search
With
N10
To
head
Note 1) When the sequence number of the branch destination is searched, the search is
conducted up to the end of the program (% code) from the block following IF ... ; and if
it is not found, it is then conducted from the top of the program to the block before
IF ... ;. Therefore, branch searches in the opposite direction to the program flow will
take longer to execute compared with branch searches in the forward direction.
Note 2) EQ and NE should be used only for integers. For comparison of numeric values with
decimals, GE, GT, LE, and LT should be used.
216

(2) Iteration
Format : WHILE [conditional expression] DOm ; (m = 1, 2, 3 ..... 127)

END m ;
While the conditional expression is established, the blocks from the following block to ENDm are
repeatedly executed; when it is not established, execution moves to the block after ENDm. DOm
may come before WHILE, WHILE [conditional expression] DOm and ENDm must be used as a
pair. IF WHILE [conditional expression] is omitted, these blocks will be repeatedly ad infinitum.
The repeating identification numbers range from 1 to 127 (DO1, DO2, DO3, ....... DO127). Up to
27 nesting levels can be used.
(1) Same identifier number can be used any
number of times.
(2) Any number may be used for the WHILE

DOm identifier number.
WHILE ~ DO1 ;
END1 ;
WHILE ~ DO1 ;
Possible
WHILE ~ DO3 ;
END1 ;
END3 ;
Possible
WHILE ~ DO1 ;
WHILE ~ DO2 ;
Possible
END2 ;
END1 ;
WHILE ~ DO1 ;
END1 ;
(3) Up to 27 nesting levels for WHILE DOm. "m"

is any number from 1 to 127 for the nesting
depth.
(4) The number of WHILE DOm nesting levels

cannot exceed 27.
DO1
WHILE ~ DO1 ;
WHILE ~ DO1 ;
DO2
DO27
WHILE ~ DO28;
Possible
:
WHILE~DO27;
END 28;
END 27 ;
END 3 ;
:
END 2 ;
END 2 ;
END 1 ;
END 1 ;
Note : With nesting, "m" which has been used

once cannot be used.
217
Not possible
WHILE ~ DO2 ;
:
WHILE ~ DO3 ;
WHILE ~ DO2 ;

(5) WHILE DOm must be designated first and

ENDm last.
(6) WHILE DOm and ENDm must correspond

on a 1:1 (pairing) basis in the same program.
WHILE ~ DO1 ;
END 1 ;
Not
possible
Not
possible
WHILE ~ DO1 ;
WHILE ~ DO1 ;
END 1 ;
(7) Two WHILE DOm's must not overlap.
(8) Branching externally is possible from the

WHILE DOm range.
WHILE ~ DO1 ;
~ ~
WHILE ~ DO1 ;
Not
possible
IF ~ GOTOn ;
WHILE ~ DO2 ;
END 1 ;
END 1 ;
Possible
END 2 ;
Nn
(10) Subprograms can be called by M98, G65 or

G66 between WHILE DOm's.
WHILE~DO1;
WHILE~DO1;
Nn;
END1;
Main program
IF~GOTOn;
WHILE~DO1;
Possible
IF~GOTOn;
Not possible
Not possible
(9) No branching is possible inside WHILE

DOm.
END1;
WHILE~DO1;
Nn;
(11) Calls can be initiated by G65 or G66 between

WHILE DOm's and commands can be
issued again from 1. Up to 27 nesting levels
are possible for the main program and
subprograms.
M99;
Subprogram
Main program
M98
P100;
To subprogram
Subprogram
WHILE
~DO1;
WHILE ~ DO1 ;
M02;
To subprogram
M99;
Don ENDn
constitutes
illegal usage.
END 1 ;
END 1 ;
Possible
G65 P100 ;
END2;
END1;
(12) A program error will occur at M99 if WHILE

and END are not paired in the subprogram
(including macro subprogram).
WHILE ~ DO1 ;
WHILE~DO02;
To subprogram
M02;
END1;
Main program
G65
P100;
Subprogram
M02 ;
M99 ;
Note) As the fixed cycles G73 and G83 and the special fixed cycle G34 use WHILE, these will be
added multiple times.
218

13.7.7
External output commands
(1) Outline
The external output commands are designed to output the variable values or characters via the
RS-232C interface.
(a) Types
POPEN
PCLOS
BPRNT
DPRNT
For preparing the processing of data outputs

For terminating the processing of data outputs
For character output and variable value binary output
For character output and digit-by-digit variable numerical output
(b) Command sequence
(2) Open command :

Command format :
POPEN
Open command
DPRNT
Data output command
PCLOS
Closed command
POPEN
POPEN ;
(a) The command is issued before the series of data output commands.
(b) The DC2 control code and % code are output from the NC system to the external output
device.
(c) Once POPEN; has been issued, it will remain valid until PCLOS; is issued.
(3) Close command :
Command format :
PCLOS
PCLOS ;
(a) This command is issued when all the data outputs are completed.
(b) The DC4 control code and % code are output from the NC unit to the external output device.
(c) This command is used together with the open command and it should not be issued unless
the open mode has been established.
(d) Issue the close command at the end of the program even when operation has been
suspended by resetting or some other operation during data output.
219

(4) Data output command
BPRNT
Command format
BPRNT [ l 1 # v 1 [ c 1 ] l 2 # v 2 [ c 2 ] ]
l_ : Character string
v_: Variable number
c_: Significant digits below decimal point
(a) Character output and binary output of variable values are executed.
(b) The designated character string is output as ISO codes.
Alphanumeric characters (A to Z, 0 to 9) and special characters (+, , , /) can be used.
Note that asterisk (*) is output as a space code.
(c) All variables are saved with decimal points, so the number of digits required after the decimal
point are commanded in brackets [ ]. The variable value is handled as 4-byte (32-bit) data,
and is output as binary data from the high-order byte. (minus) data is handled as the
complement of this data.
(Example) If three digits are designated for 12.3456, the fourth digit after the decimal point
will be rounded up, and [12.346 103] = 12346 (0000303A) will be output as
binary data.
(Example) When zero digits is designated with 100.0, 100 (FFFFFF9C) will be output as
binary data.
(d) After the designated data is output, the EOB code will be output as an ISO code.
(e) A <blank> variable will be interpreted as 0.
(5) Data output command :
DPRNT
Command format
DPRNT [ l 1 # v 1 [ d 1 c 1 ] l 2 # v 2 [ d 2 c 2 ] ]
l_ : Character string
v_: Variable number
d_: Significant digits above decimal point
c_: Significant digits below decimal point
c+d8
(a) The character output and decimal output of the variable values are done with ISO codes.
(b) The commanded character string is output as is by the ISO code.
Alphanumerics (A ~ Z, 0 ~ 9) and special characters (+, , , /) can be used.
(c) The required significant digits above and below the decimal point in the variable values are
commanded within square parentheses. As a result, the variable values equivalent to the
commanded number of digits including the decimal point are output in ISO code in decimal
notation from the high-order digits. Trailing zeroes are not omitted.
(d) Leading zeroes are suppressed.
The leading zeroes can also be replaced by blank if so specified with a parameter (#110090
DPRINT leading 0). This can justify printed data on the last column.
220

13.7.8
Checkpoints
When the user macro commands are employed, it is possible to use the M, S, T and other NC control
commands together with the arithmetic, decision, branching and other macro commands for preparing
the machining programs. When the former commands are made into executable statements and the
latter commands into macro statements, the macro statement processing should be accomplished as
quickly as possible in order to minimize the machining time, because such processing is not directly
related to machine control.
As a result, the parameter "#320002 macro single" can be set and the macro statements can be
processed in parallel with the execution of the executable statement.
(The parameter can be set OFF during normal machining to process all the macro statements
together or set ON during a program check to execute the macro statements block by block. This
enables the setting to be made in accordance with the intended objective in mind.)
Example of program
G91G28X0Y0Z0
G92X0Y0Z0
(1)
(2)
G00X-100.Y-100.
(3)
#101=100. COS [210.]

#102=100. SIN [210.]
;
;
(4)
(5)
G01X#101Y#102F800 ;
Macro statement
(6)
Macro statements are:

1. Arithmetic commands (block including =)
2. Control commands (block including GOTO, DO-END, etc.)
3. Macro call commands (including macro calls based on G codes and cancel command (G65,
G66, G66.1, G67))
Executable statements are all those statements which are not macro statements.
Macro single ON
Macro single OFF
Flow of processing
Program analysis
N1 N2
N3
N4
N4
Macro statement process

Execution
Statement
process
N2
Next command block
N1
Block in execution
Program analysis
N1 N2
Execution
Statement
process
Next command block

Block in execution
N6
N1
N2
221
N6
N5
N4
N3
N2
N7
N3
N4
Macro statement process
N7
N5
N3
N2
N3
N6
N5
N6 N7
N5
N6
N3
N7
N6

Macro single ON
Macro single OFF
Machining program display

Macro single ON
[In execution] N3 G00 X-100. Y-100. ;

[Next command]N6 G01 X#101 Y#102
F800 ;
N4, N5 and N6 are processed in parallel

with the control of the executable statement
of N3, N6 is an executable statement and
so it is displayed as the next command. If
the N4, N5 and N6 analysis is in time
during N3 control, the machine movement
will be continuously controlled.
Macro single OFF
[In execution]
N3
[Next command]
N4
G00
X-100. Y-100. ;
#101=100.
*COS [210.]
222
N4 is processed in parallel with the control

of the NC executable statement of N3, and
it is displayed as the next command. N5
and N6 is executed after N3 has finished,
and so the machine control is held on
standby during the N5 and N6 analysis
time.

13.7.9
Actual examples of using user macros
The following three examples will be described.

Example 1. SIN curve
Example 2. Bolt hole circle
Example 3. Grid
(Example 1)
SIN curve
(SIN) Y
G65 Pp1 Aa1 Bb1 Cc1 Ff1 ;
a1;
b1;
c1 ;
f1 ;
Initial value 0
Final value 360
R of RSIN
Feedrate
100.
X
0
90.
180.
270.
360.
-100.
Main program
O9910 (Subprogram)
G65P9910A0B360.C100.F100;
To
subprogram
WHILE [#1LE#2] DO1;

#101=#3SIN [#1] ;
G90G01X#1Y#10F#9;
(Note 1)
#1=#1+10.;
Local variable
set by argument
#1=0
END1;
#2=360.000
M99;
#3=100.000
#9=100.000
(Note 1) Commanding with one block is possible when
G90G01X#1Y [#3SIN [#1]] F#9 ; is issued.
223

(Example 2)
Bolt hole circle
After defining the hole data with fixed cycle (G72 to G89), the macro command is issued as the
hole position command.
x1
-X
W
Main program
G81Z100.R50.F300L0
G65P9920Aa1Bb1Rr1Xx1Yy1 ;
a1
b1
r1
x1
Start angle
No. of holes
Radius
X axis center
position
y1 ; Y axis center
position
To subprogram
WHILE [#101LT#2] DO1 ;

#101 No. of holes
#120=#24+#18COS [#111] ;
(Note 1)
1)
#121=#25+#18SIN [#111] ; (Note
#122=#120 #123=#121 ;
IF [#102EQ90] GOTO100 ;
#103=#120
#104=#121
-Y
0 #101
G90, G91 mode
Read in #102
Read previous coordinates
X #103
Y #104
Start angle 111
(Note 1)
#122=#120 #103 ;
#123=#121 #104 ;
y1
O9920
O9920 (Subprogram)
#101=0 ;
#102=#4003 ;
#103=#5001 ;
#104=#5002 ;
#111=#1 ;
a1
;
;
;
;
#101 = No. of hole count

#102 = G90 or G91
#103 = X axis current position
#104 = Y axis current position
#111 = Start angle
N
END
Y
RadiusCOS [#111]
+ Center coordinates X#120
RadiusSIN [#111]
+ Center coordinates Y#121
#120 #122
#121 #123
#120 = Hole position

X coordinates
#121 = Hole position
Y coordinates
#122 = X axis absolute value
#123 = Y axis absolute value
(Note 1)
(Note
#102=90
(Note 1)
N100 X#122Y#123 ;
#101=#101+1 ;
#111=#1+360.#101/#2 ;
Judgment of G90, G91

mode
(Note 1)
#120-#103 #122
#121-#104 #123
#120 #103
#121 #104
N100X#122Y#123
END1 ;
M99 ;
#101+1 #101
360 deg.#101/
No. of holes+#1 #111
(Note 1) The processing time can be shortened

by programming in one block.
224
#122 = X axis incremental value

123 ==YYaxis
#123
axisincremental
incrementalvalue
value
X axis current position update
Y axis current position update
Drilling command
No.of holes counter up
#111 = Hole position angle

G28 X0 Y0 Z0;
T1 M06;
G90 G43 Z100.H01;
G54 G00 X0 Y0;
G81 Z-100.R3.F100 L0 M03;
G65P9920X-500.Y-500.A0 B8R100.;
G65P9920X-500.Y-500.A0 B8R200.;
G65P9920X-500.Y-500.A0 B8R300.;
-X
To subprogram
-500.
300R
200R
To subprogram
-500.
To subprogram
100R
-Y
(Example 3)
Grid
After defining the hole data with the fixed cycle (G72 to G89), macro call is commanded as a hole
position command.
-X
G81 Zz1 Rr1 Ff1;

G65Pp1 Xx1 Yy1 Ii1 Jj1 Aa1 Bb1;
x1 ; X axis hole position
y1 ; Y axis hole position
i1 ; X axis interval
j1 ; Y axis interval
a1 ; No. of holes in X direction
b1 ; No. of holes in Y direction
i1
Subprogram is
on next page
G28 X0 Y0 Z0;
T1 M06;
G90 G43 Z100.H01;
G54 G00 X0 Y0;
G81 Z-100.R3.F100 L0 M03;
G65P9930 X0 Y0 I-100. J-75. A5B3;
G84 Z-90. R3. F250 M03;
G65P9930 X0 I-100. J-75. A5B3;
x1
y1
j1
-Y
100.
-X
100.
100.
W
-75.
To subprogram
-75.
To subprogram
-Y
-X
-100.
-Z
225

O9930 (Subprogram)
O9930
Start point X coordinates : x1#101
Start point Y coordinates : y1#102
#101=#24 ;
#102=#25 ;
X axis interval
: i1#103
Y axis interval
: j1#104
No. of holes in Y direction : b1#106

#103=#4 ;
(Note 1)
#101 = X axis start point

#102 = Y axis start point
#103 = X direction interval
#104 = Y direction interval
#106 = No. of holes in
Y direction
Y direction drilling
completion check
#104=#5 ;
#106 > 0
#106=#2 ;
END
Y
No. of holes in X direction: a1 #105
WHILE [#106GT0] DO1 ;
#105 > 0
No. of holes in X direction

set

check
#105=#1 ;
X#101
Y#102
Positioning, drilling
WHILE [#105GT0] DO2 ;

#101 + #103 #101
#105 1 #105
G90 X#101 Y#102 ;
X coordinates update

1
#101=#101+#103 ;
(Note 1)
#105=#1051 ;
END2 ;
#101 #103 #101
#102 + #104 #102
X coordinates revision
Y coordinates update
#101=#101-#103;
#103 #103
#102=#102+#104;
(Note 1)
#106 1 #106
#103=#103 ;
#106=#1061 ;
END1 ;
M99 ;
(Note 1) The processing time can be shortened

by programming in one block.
226
X axis drilling direction

reversal
No. of holes in Y direction 1

13.8 Linear Angle Command
13.8
Linear Angle Command
(1) Outline
The end point is automatically calculated by commanding the linear angle and one element of the
end point coordinates (one element of the selected plane).
(2) Command format
G17
Xx1
Selected plane
Or G17
Aa1
One element
Angle
Yy1
Aa1
(Example)
G17 G91 X100. A60. ;
Y
End point
(Automatically operated and
calculated)
Y?
60
Start point
X100.
(a) The angle is from the + direction of the 1st axis horizontal axis on the selected plane. The
counter-clockwise (CCW) direction is considered to be + and the clockwise direction (CW) .
(b) Either of the axes on the selected plane is commanded for the end point.
(c) The angle is ignored when the angle and the coordinates of both axes are commanded.
(d) When only the angle has been commanded, this is treated as a geometric command.
(e) The angle of either the start point or end point may be used.
(f) If address A is used for the axis name or as the 2nd miscellaneous function, the setting is
interpreted as the A axis command or 2nd miscellaneous function command, and cannot be
used for the linear angle.
(g) This function is valid only for the G01 command; it is not valid for other interpolation or
positioning commands.
(4) Notes
(a) If the workpiece coordinate system selection and linear angle command are issued in the
same block, the end point will be the coordinate value in the new coordinate system.
227

13.9 Geometric Command
13.9
Geometric Command
(1) Outline
(a) Geometric command I
When it is difficult to determine the intersecting point of two straight lines during continuous
linear interpolation command, the intersecting point of the two straight lines can be
automatically calculated by creating a program that commands the angles of the straight lines.
(2) Command format
N1
G17
Aa1
Selected plane
Angle
N2
Xx2, Yy2,
Aa2
Next blocks end

point coordinates
Angle
;
;
(Example)
N1 G01 Aa1 Ff1 ;
N2 Xx2 Zz2 Aa2 ;
X
End point (x2, z2)
N2
a2
Automatic
intersection
calculation
N1
a1
Start point
Z
W1

(a) The slope is expressed as the angle that is formed with the 1st axis horizontal axis + direction
on the selected plane. The counterclockwise (CCW) direction is considered to be + and the
clockwise direction (CW) .
(b) The range of the slopes in the 1st block(a1) and 2nd block(a2) is -360.000a360.000.
(c) The slope of the 2nd block (a2) can be commanded on the start or end point side. The start or
end point side of the commanded slope is identified automatically inside the NC.
(d) The feedrate can be commanded for each block.
(e) Single block stop is possible at the end point of the 1st block.
(f) The end point coordinates of 2nd block are (Xx2, Yy2).
(4) Notes
(a) Program error results when the geometric command is not on the selected plane.
(b) The end point coordinates of the 2nd block should be commanded with absolute values. When
incremental values are used, the program error will occur.
(c) When the angle where the two straight lines intersect is less than 1, program error will result.
(d) The program error will occur when the plane is changed in the 1st block and 2nd block.
(e) A program error will occur if a linear command is not issued in the 2nd block.
(f) When A is selected for the axis name, or when A is selected for the 2nd miscellaneous
function name, this function will be ignored.
228

13.10 Pattern Rotation; M98 l_J_
13.10
Pattern Rotation; M98 l_J_
(1) Outline
When the same pattern is repeatedly used on a concentric circle, one rotation machining pattern
can be registered as a subprogram. By designating the rotation center when calling the
subprogram from the main program, the analog rotation type path can be easily created on the
concentric circle by this function. This allows programs to be created easily.
(2) Command format
M98
Call
command
Ii1
Jj1
Pp1
Rotation center
coordinates
Hh1
Subprogram number and

sequence number
l1 times
Ll1
Number of repetitions
Basic pattern
j1
Rotation center
i1

(a) The first subprogram called with subprogram call is executed at a rotation angle of 0. The
path follows the commands.
(b) If the number of repetitions is set to two or more times, the rotation angle is obtained from the
called subprogram's start point/end point and the rotation center coordinates. This is used as
the rotation center coordinates reference. Using the path of the first subprogram as a basic
pattern, rotation and arrangement corresponding to the designated number of calls can be
carried out.
(c) When rotating, all blocks in the subprogram rotate.
(d) If the subprogram's start point and end point are not on the same circle using the commanded
center of the pattern rotation center coordinates, the subprogram's end point will be handled
as the start point. The movement will be interpolated using the end point of the first movement
command block in the subprogram rotated next as the commanded end point.
(e) Both absolute values and incremental values can be used in the figure rotation subprogram.
Even if commanded with an absolute value command, the rotation will be the same as when
commanded with an incremental value.
(f) I and J are commanded with the incremental amount from the start point.
(g) A subprogram cannot be branched to from a subprogram in pattern rotation.
(h) The pattern rotation is carried out on the workpiece coordinates so the figure can be shifted
with the G92, G52, G54 to G59 (workpiece coordinate system shift) commands.
(i) During pattern rotation, functions on the rotation plane axis' machine coordinate system such
as reference point return and uni-directional positioning cannot be carried out. However,
functions on the machine coordinate system can be used for axes other than that on the
rotation plane.
229

13.10 Pattern Rotation; M98 l_J_
(4) Notes
(a) A program error will occur if a pattern rotation command is used during pattern rotation.
(b) Pattern rotation and program coordinate rotation cannot be commanded simultaneously.
A program error will occur.
(5) Program example
Main program (O1000)

N01
N02
N03
N04
N05
N06
N07
G90 G54 G00 X0 Y0 ;

G01 G41 X200. Y150. D01 F500 ;
G01 Z-50. F300 ;
M98 P2200 L5 J-100. ;
G90 G01 Z50. F500 ;
G40 ;
G00 X0 Y0 ;
Basic pattern
100.
Subprogram (O2200)
200.
N01 G91 G01 X29.389 Y-59.549 ;

N02 X65.717 Y-9.549 ;
N03 M99 ;
100.
230
300.

13.11 Program Coordinate Rotation; G68/G69
13.11
Program Coordinate Rotation; G68/G69
(1) Outline
When machining a complicated shape at a position rotated in respect to the coordinate system,
the shape before rotation can be programmed on the local coordinate system, the parallel
movement amount and rotation angle designated with the program coordinate rotation command,
and the rotated shaped machined.
(2) Command format
Xx1
Gn G68
Call
command
Yy1
Rotation center
coordinates
Rr1
ON
Coordinate
rotation
Rotation angle
G69 ; Coordinate rotation cancel

Gn
Xx1, Yy1
Rr1
: Plane selection code G17, G18, G19

: Two axes corresponding to the plane selected from the rotation center coordinates
X, Y and Z. Designate with an absolute position.
: Rotation angle. The counterclockwise direction is +.
Y
(Rotation angle)
y1
r1 (Rotation
(x1, y1) center)
Y'
X'
x1
X
(Original
W local
coordinate
system)
(Rotated local coordinate system)

W'

(a) The plane selection (G17, G18, G19) does not need to be commanded in the G68 block. It will
be valid even when designated earlier.
(b) If the rotation center coordinates (x1, y1) are omitted, the position where the G68 command
was executed will be the rotation center.
(c) The rotation center coordinates (x1, y1) are commanded with an absolute value.
(d) Rotation angle r1 is the minimum setting value between 360 and 360.
(e) The rotation takes place in the counterclockwise direction by the angle designated in rotation
angle r1.
(f) Rotation angle r1 is modal data, so it will not change until a new angle is commanded. Thus,
the rotation angle r1 command can be omitted. If the first G68 is omitted, R will be set to 0.
(g) The rotation angle r1 will enter the absolute mode or incremental mode depending on the G90
or G91 command.
(h) The coordinate rotation command during coordinate rotation is processed as center
coordinates and rotation angle changes.
(4) Notes
(a) The program coordinate rotation cannot be executed simultaneously with figure rotation. The
program error will occur if coordinate rotation is commanded during figure rotation, or figure
rotation commanded during coordinate rotation.
(b) The program error will occur if the plane selection is commanded during the coordinate
rotation mode.
(c) The program error will occur if the tool position offset is commanded during the coordinate
rotation mode.
231

13.11 Program Coordinate Rotation; G68/G69
(5) Example
N01
N02
N03
N04
N05
N06
N07
N08
N09
G28
G54
G90
G68
M98
G69
G54
G00
M02
XYZ;
G52 X150. Y75. ;
G01 G42 X0 Y0 ;
X0 Y0 R30. ;
H101 ;
;
G52 X0 Y0 ;
G40 X0 Y0 ;
;
Local coordinate designation

Radius compensation ON
Coordinate rotation ON
Subprogram execution
Coordinate rotation cancel
Local coordinate system cancel
Radius compensation cancel
End
Y
200.
Subprogram
(Shape programmed with original coordinate system)
N101
N102
N103
N104
N105
N106
N107
N108
N109
G90 G01 X50. F200 ;

G02 X100. R25. ;
G01 X125. ;
Y75. ;
G03 X100. Y100. R25. ;
G01 X50. ;
G02 X0 Y50. R50. ;
G01 X0 Y0 ;
M99 ;
Actual
machining
shape
100.
30
(Programmed
coordinates)
W
232
100.
200.
X
300.

13.12 Parameter Coordinate Rotation
13.12
Parameter Coordinate Rotation
(1) Outline
If a deviation occurs between the workpiece reference line and machine coordinate system
coordinate axis while the workpiece is installed, the machine can be controlled to rotate the
machining program coordinates according to the workpiece reference line deviation. The
coordinate rotation amount is set with parameters. The parameters can be set from the setting
display unit or with the G10 command. Note that when using the G10 command, the separate
additional specifications "Program parameter input" are required.
(2) Setting parameters
Set the plane, center coordinates, vector component and angle for the coordinate rotation control.
No.
Item
33 0017 Coord rot plane
(H)
33 0018 Coord rot plane
(V)
33 0019 Coord rot center
(H)
33 0020 Coord rot center
(V)
33 0021 Coord rot vector
(H)
33 0022 Coord rot vector
(V)
33 0023 Coord rotation
angle
Setting details
Set the plane, center coordinates, vector component and
angle for coordinate rotation control.
Coordinate rotation plane (horizontal axis):
Set the axis name for the 1st axis during rotation
measurement.
If no axis name is set, the X axis will be automatically
set.
Coordinate rotation plane (vertical axis):
Set the axis name for the 2nd axis during rotation
measurement.
If no axis name is set, the Y axis will be automatically
set.
330018
Coord rot plane (V)
Center
coordinates
330020
Coord rot
center (V)
Setting range (unit)

Axis control address names
such as X, Y, Z, U, V, W, A,
B and C.
999999.999 to
999999.999mm
999999.999 to
999999.999mm
999999.999 to
999999.999mm
999999.999 to
999999.999mm
180.000 to 180.000
330023
Coord
rotation
angle
330022
Coord rot vector (V)
330021
Coord rot vector
(H)
M
330019
Coord rot center (H)
330017
Coord rot plane (H)
(Note) The angle is automatically calculated when

the vector component is set, but it is also
possible to set the angle directly. In that
case, the vector components for both the
horizontal and vertical axes appear as "0".
Ym
Rotation center
G56
G57
W4'
rotation angle
W3'
W2
W1
G55
G54
M
W1'
W2'
Basic machine coordinates
Xm
233
(a) The rotation center coordinate position

designates the machine coordinate
system position.
(b) All workpiece coordinate systems from
G54 to G59 rotate with the rotation
command. Think of this as using the
rotation center position designated with
the machine coordinate system as the
axis, and rotating the entire workpiece
coordinates.
(c) The coordinate value counter indicates
the position in the local coordinate
system before rotation.
(d) When settings are made with the setting
and display unit, the parameter settings
are validated after cycle start. If set with
the G10 command, the parameter
settings are immediately validated.

13.12 Parameter Coordinate Rotation
(4) Notes
(a) If rotation angle zero is commanded while carrying out coordinate rotation, it will be canceled
at the next movement command regardless of the G90 or G91 setting.
(b) Command the first movement after this command with the G00 or G01 mode. If an arc
command is issued, the arc start point will not be rotated. However, only the arc end point will
rotate. This will cause the start point radius and end point radius to differ, and "PR0070: Arc
end point deviation large" to occur.
(5) Example
To use for compensating positional deviation of pallet changer
N01 G28 X0 Y0 Z0 ;
N02 M98 P9000 ;
Pallet deviation measurement
Parallel movement amount shift
N03 G90 G53 X0 Y0;
Parallel movement amount definition
N04 G92 X0 Y0 ;
Rotation amount definition
N05 G10 K15. ;
N06 G90 G54 G00 X0 Y0 ; G54 workpiece
machining
N07 M98 H101 ;
machining
N09 M98 H101 ;
Y
machining
N11 M98 H101 ;
G57 workpiece
N12 G90 G57 G00 X0 Y0;
machining
N13 M98 H101 ;
N14 G27 X Y Z ;
N15 M02 ;
G57
G56
G55
Machining shape program
N101 G91 G01 G42 D01 F300 ;
N102 X100 ;
N103 G03 Y50. R25. ;
N104 G01 X-100. ;
N105 G03 Y-50. R25. ;
N106 G01 G40;
N107 M99 ;
G54
Rotation
movement
(15)
M
X
234

13.13 Special Fixed Cycles; G34/G35/G36/G37.1
13.13
Special Fixed Cycles; G34/G35/G36/G37.1
(1) Outline
Special fixed cycles are used for multiple drilling of pattern shapes. These cycles are used in
combination with the hole drilling fixed cycles, and the hole drilling pattern shape is commanded
with this special fixed cycle.
The special fixed cycles include the following:
Bolt hole cycle
Line at angle
Arc
Grid
(2) Detailed description of common functions
(a) Before commanding the special fixed cycle, always command the fixed cycle for drilling, and
register the hole machining data. (If there is no positioning data, the hole drilling fixed cycle will
not be executed, and only the data will be registered.)
(b) When the special fixed cycle is executed, the axis will be positioned to the hole drilling position.
The hole drilling operation is executed with the hole drilling fixed cycle.
(c) Even after the special fixed cycle is executed, the registered hole drilling fixed cycle is held
until canceled.
(d) If the special fixed cycle is executed when not in the hole drilling fixed cycle mode, only
positioning will be executed, and the hole drilling operation will not take place.
(e) If a special fixed cycle is commanded without commanding the hold drilling fixed cycle,
positioning will follow the modal G code of the 01 group.
235

(3) Detailed description of each function

(a) Bolt hole circle (G34)
1) Function
"n" number of holes are drilled on the circumference of radius R centered on the
coordinates designated by X and Y. The circumference is divided into "n" divisions starting
at the point formed by the X axis and angle . The drilling data of the G81 or other fixed
cycle is retained for the drilling operation at each hole position.
All movements between hole positions are carried out in the G00 mode. G34 does not hold
the data after the command is completed.
2) Command format
G34 X x1 Y y1 I r J K n ;
X, Y
Bolt hole circle center position; affected by G90/G91.
I Circle radius "r"; unit is based on minimum setting unit and supplied as a
positive number.
J Angle at initial drilling point; counterclockwise direction is taken to be
positive.
K Number "n" of holes to be drilled. Any number from 1 to 9999 can be
assigned; 0 cannot be assigned. An alarm will occur if 0 is set. A positive
value will position in the counterclockwise direction, and a negative value
will position in the clockwise direction.
3) Example
When input setting unit is 0.001mm

N001
N002
N003
N004
N005
G91
G81
G90
G80
G90
;
Z-10.000 R5.000 L0 F200 ;
G34 X200.000 Y100.000 I100.000 J20.000 K6 ;
; ..................... (G81 cancel)
G0 X500.000 Y100.000 ;
X1=200mm
n=6 holes
20
Y1=100mm
I=100mm
W
(500mm,100mm)
Position prior to G34
G0 command in N005
As shown in the above example, the tool position applied upon completion of the G34
command is above the final hole. Thus, when moving it to the next position, it is convenient
to command the movement amount in the absolute value mode.
(The coordinate value must be calculated to command the movement amount in the
incremental mode.)
236

(b) Line at angle (G35)

1) Function
"n" number of holes are drilled at distance "d" in the direction forming angle with the X
axis, with the position assigned by X and Y serving as the start point. The drilling data (hole
machining mode and hole machining data) must be retained first since the drilling operation
at each hole position is dependent upon the hole drilling fixed cycle. All movements
between hole positions are carried out in the G00 mode. The data is not retained upon
completion of the G35 command.
2) Command format
G35 X x1 Y y1 I d J K n ;
X, Y Start point coordinate assignment; affected by G90/G91.
I Distance "d"; unit is based on minimum setting unit and when "d" is negative,
drilling proceeds in the symmetrical direction of the point centered on the
start point.
J Angle ; counterclockwise direction is taken to be positive.
K Number "n" of holes including the start point. Any number from 1 to 9999
can be assigned.
3) Example
Y

G91 ;
G81 Z-10.000 R5.000 L0 F100 ;
G35 X200.000 Y100.000 I100.000
J30.000 K5 ;
n=5 holes
d=100mm
=30
X
y1=100mm
W
X1=200mm
Position prior to G35 execution
4) Notes
a. The program error will occur when the K command is K0 or when it is absent.
b. The last 4 digits are valid when the value of K is more than 4 digits.
c. Any address except G, L, N, X, Y, I, J, K, F, M, S, T or B programmed in the same block
as the G35 command will be ignored.
d. If there is a group 0 G command in the same block as the G35 command, the one
commanded afterwards takes precedence.
e. When a G22/G23 command is programmed in the same block as the G35 command, it
will be ignored and the G35 command will be executed.
f. If a G72 to G89 command is assigned in the same block as the G35 command, the hole
drilling fixed cycle will be ignored and the G35 command will be executed.
237

(c) Arc (G36)

1) Function
"n" number of holes are drilled at angle distance starting at the point where angle is
formed with the X axis along a circumference with radius "r" and centered on the
coordinates assigned by X and Y. As with the bolt hole circle fixed cycle, the drilling data
must be retained beforehand since the drilling operation at each hole position depends on
the hole drilling fixed cycle.
All movements between hole positions are carried out in the G00 mode. The data is not
retained upon completion of the G36 command.
2) Command format
G36 X x1 Y y1 I r J P K n ;
X, Y Circle center coordinates; affected by G90/G91.
I Circle radius "r", unit is based on minimum setting unit and supplied as a
positive number.
J Angle at initial drilling point; counterclockwise direction is taken to be
positive.
P Angle distance ; counterclockwise when positive and clockwise when
negative.
K Number "n" of holes to be drilled. Any number from 1 to 9999 can be assigned.
3) Example

N001 G91 ;
N002 G81 Z-10.000 R5.000 F100 ;
N003 G36 X300.000 Y100.000 I300.000 J10.000
P15.000 K6 ;
n=6 holes
=15
Position prior to G36 execution
=10
Y1=100mm
W
X1=300mm
238

(d) Grid (G37.1)

1) Function
The holes are drilled at points on the "nx" grid at intervals x parallel to the X axis, with the
position assigned by X and Y as the start point. The hole drilling data (hole machining
mode and hole machining data) must be retained beforehand since the hole drilling
operation at each hole position depends on the hole drilling cycle. All movements between
hole positions are carried out in the G00 mode. The data is not retained upon completion of
the G37.1 command.
2) Command format
G37.1 X x1 Y y1 I x P nx J y K ny ;
X, Y Start point coordinate assignment; affected by G90/G91.
I X-axis interval x; unit is based on minimum setting unit; positive direction
intervals as seen from start point when x is positive and negative
direction when it is negative.
P Number "nx" of holes to be drilled in X-axis direction. Any number from 1
to 9999 can be assigned.
J Y-axis interval y; unit is based on minimum setting unit; positive direction
intervals as seen from start point when y is positive and negative
direction when it is negative.
K Number "ny" of holes to be drilled in Y-axis direction. Any number from 1
to 9999 can be assigned.
3) Example
G91 ;
G81 Z-10.000 R5.000 F20 ;
G37.1 X300.000 Y-100.000 I50.000 P10
J100.000 K8 ;
Position prior to G37.1
execution
ny=8 holes
y=100m
y1=100mm
x=50mm
nx=10 holes
x1=300mm
4) Notes
a. The program error will occur when the P or K command is P0 or K0, or when they are
absent.
b. The last 4 digits are valid when the value of P or K is more than 4 digits.
c. Any address except G, L, N, X, Y, I, P, J, K, F, M, S, T, or B programmed in the same
block as the G37.1 command will be ignored.
d. If there is a group 0 G command in the same block as the G37.1 command, the one
commanded afterwards takes precedence.
e. When a G22/G23 command is programmed in the same block as the G37.1 command,
it will be ignored and the G37.1 command will be executed.
f. If a G72 to G89 command is assigned in the same block as the G37.1 command, the
hole drilling fixed cycle will be ignored and the G37.1 command will be executed.
239

13.14 Circular Cutting; G12/G13
13.14
Circular Cutting; G12/G13
(1) Outline
Circular cutting is a function which performs a series of operations: the tool is made to depart from
the center of the circle and while cutting the inner circumference of the circle, it describes a perfect
circle, and then it is returned to the center of the circle. The position where G12/13 is commanded,
is the circle center.
(2) Command format
The program format is as follows.
G12/G13
Circular cutting
command
Ii
Dd
Perfect circle Compensation

radius
number
G code
Ff
Speed
Function
G12
G13
CW (Clockwise)
CCW (Counterclockwise)
I : Circle radius (incremental value), sign is ignored

D : Compensation number
(a) The operation is as shown below.
Y
With G12 command (tool center path)

012345670
With G13 command (tool center path)
076543210
Circle
radius
1
0
4
Compensation
amount
2
6
(b) The "+" compensation amount sign denotes reduction and the "" sign expansion.
(c) Circular cutting is performed on the plane currently selected by G17, G18 and G19.
(4) Notes
(a) A program error will occur when compensation number "D" is not assigned or when an illegal
number is assigned.
(b) A program error occurs when [radius (I) compensation amount] is zero or a negative value.
(c) If G12 or G13 is specified while the radius compensation (G41, G42) is specified, the radius
compensation becomes valid for the path after compensation is made according to the D
commanded by G12 or G13.
(d) If the address H is commanded in the same block as G12 or G13, program error occurs.
240

13.15 Scaling; G50/G51
13.15
Scaling; G50/G51
(1) Outline
With this command, the shape commanded in the program can be enlarged or reduced by
applying a magnification to the movement axis command value in the commanded range.
G code
Function
G50
G51
Scaling cancel
Scaling ON
(2) Command format

G51
Call command
Xx1
Yy1
Zz1
Scaling center coordinate

values
Pp1
Magnification
Y
sc
s1
y1
p1
sc:
Scaling center
p1, p2, p3:
Program shape
s1, s2, s3:
Shape after scaling
s3
s2
p2
p3
X
x1

(a) Designating the scaling axis, scaling center and magnification
When G51 is commanded, the scaling mode will be entered. The G51 command only
designates the scaling axis, center and magnification, and does not move.
The scaling mode is entered with the G51 command, but the axis for which scaling is actually
effective is the axis for which the scaling center is commanded.
1) Scaling center
a. The scaling center follows the absolute/incremental mode (G90/G91) set at that point.
b. The scaling center must be commanded even when the current position is to be the
center.
c. As explained above, the axis for which scaling is actually effective is the axis for which
the scaling center is commanded.
2) Scaling magnification
a. The scaling magnification is commanded with address P.
b. Minimum command unit: 0.000001
c. Command range: 1 to 99999999 (0.000001 to 99.999999-fold) or 0.000001 to 99.99999
are both valid.
d. If the magnification is not commanded in the same block as G51, the magnification set
in the parameters will be used.
241

e. Even if this parameter is changed during the scaling mode, the changes will not be valid.
The scaling will be applied with the value set when G51 is commanded.
f. If the magnification is not set in the program or parameters, it will be calculated as
1-fold.
3) A program error will occur in the following cases.
a. If scaling is commanded when scaling specifications are not provided.
b. If the upper limit of the magnification command range is exceeded in the same block as
G51.
(b) Scaling cancel
The scaling mode is canceled when G50 is commanded.
(4) Notes
(a) Scaling is not applied to the offset amounts such as tool radius compensation, tool position
offset or tool length offset. (The compensation and offset is calculated in respect to the scaled
shape.)
(b) Scaling is valid only for movement commands in automatic operation. It is invalid for manual
movement.
(c) For X, Y and Z, the scaling is valid only for the commanded axes. Scaling is not applied on the
axis not having a command.
(d) For the arc command, if scaling is validated for one of the two axes that configure the arc
plane, scaling will be applied only on that axis.
(e) If M02, M30 or M00 (only for M0 reset) is commanded during the scaling mode, the cancel
mode will be entered.
(f) If the coordinate system is shifted (G92, G52 command) during scaling, the scaling center will
also shift by the difference amount.
(g) If manual interrupt is applied during scaling, the manual ABS selection will be ignored, and the
same operation as manual ABS OFF will take place.
(5) Combination with other functions
(a) G27 reference point compare command
If G27 is commanded during scaling, the scaling will be canceled when the command is
completed.
(b) Reference point return command (G28, G29, G30)
If G28, G30 or reference point return is commanded during scaling, the scaling will be
canceled at the middle point, and the axis will return to the reference point. If the middle point
is ignored, the axis will return directly to the reference point.
If G29 is commanded during scaling, the scaling will be applied to the movement after the
middle point.
(c) G60 (uni-directional positioning) command
If G60 (uni-directional positioning) is commanded during scaling, the scaling will be applied at
the final positioning amount, and will not be applied on the creep amount. In other words, the
creep amount is constant regardless of the scaling application.
(d) Workpiece coordinate system changeover
If the workpiece coordinate system is changed during scaling, the scaling center will be shifted
by the difference of the new workpiece coordinate system and old workpiece coordinate offset
amounts.
(e) Figure rotation command
If figure rotation is commanded during scaling, the scaling will be applied on the figure rotation
center and rotation radius.
242

(f) Scaling command in figure rotation subprogram

If scaling is commanded in the figure rotation subprogram, the scaling will not be applied on
the figure rotation's radius. Instead scaling will be applied only on the shape created by the
subprogram.
(g) During coordinate rotation
If scaling is commanded during coordinate rotation, the scaling center will rotate. Scaling can
be executed on the rotated scaling center.
(h) G51 command
If G51 is commanded during the scaling mode, the axis for which the center is newly
commanded will also become a scaling valid axis. The magnification commanded by the latest
G51 command will be valid.
243

13.16 Normal Line Control; G40.1/G41.1/G42.1
13.16
Normal Line Control; G40.1/G41.1/G42.1
(1) Outline
If the C axis is set as the normal line control axis, the C axis (rotation axis) turning will be
controlled so that the tool constantly faces the normal line direction control in respect to the XY
axis movement command during program operation.
At the block seams, the C axis turning is controlled so that the tool faces the normal line direction
control at the next block's start point.
During arc interpolation, the C axis turning is controlled to be synchronized with the arc
interpolation speed operation.
This can be used in spring machining, or stitching such as with a sewing machine or for carpets.
Only one axis is valid for the C axis (rotation axis).
C axis center (rotation axis)
Tool end
position
C axis turning
The normal line control I and II can be used according to the C axis turn direction during normal
line control. This is determined by the machine manufacturer specifications.
Normal line control
type
Turning direction
Turning speed
Application
Type I
Direction that is 180 or less

(shortcut direction)
Parameter speed
Cutting machining
Type II
As a principle, the
commanded direction
Feedrate
Spring machining
(2) Command format

G
Xx1
G
G40.1
G41.1
G42.1
Yy1
Ff1 ;
Function
Normal line control cancel

Normal line control left ON
Normal line control right ON
x1 : X axis end point coordinates

y1 : Y axis end point coordinates
f1 : Feedrate
The axis that carries out normal line control differs according to the machine.
The normal line control plane is fixed to the 1-axis2-axis (I axis J axis of basic 3 axes) plane.
The plane selection has no effect.
244


(a) Definition of C axis angle
1) C axis turning operation in respect to movement command
a. Start up
After the C axis turns to a right angle of the movement direction by the XY axis
command, the XY axes are moved.
b. During normal control mode
1. Block seam
No tool radius
compensation
After the C axis is turned to be at a right angle of the XY axis

movement in the next block, that block is moved.
With tool radius

compensation
If radius compensation is applied on a linear-linear, linear-arc

or arc-arc block that crosses a sharp angle, a linear block can
be inserted. At this time, the C axis normal line control inserts
a C axis turn movement in respect to the shape after radius
compensation.
2. During block movement

The C axis angle is kept constant during the linear command, and the C axis does
not turn.
During the arc command, the C axis turns in synchronization after the XY arc
interpolation axis.
c. Cancel
The C axis does not turn, and the axis movement by the XY axis command is carried
out.
245

2) C axis turning speed

Turning speed at block seam (Select from type 1 or type 2)
Item
C axis
turning
speed at
block seam
Normal line control type I

Set the C axis turning speed Fc
with the parameter (basic
system parameter "C_Feed").
Note that if the C axis turning
speed exceeds the C axis
cutting clamp speed, the speed
will be the C axis clamp speed.
Normal line control type II

The tool end position feedrate is automatically
controlled by CNC internal calculations so that it
matches the F command value.
The C axis turning speed Fc is obtained with the
following expression.
Fc = F/R 180/ (/min)
F : Feedrate (mm/min)
R : Parameter value (mm)
Length from C axis center to tool tip (Value set
in machining parameter "Normal C axis turn
R"
When R = 0
Fc = F 180/ (/min)
The rapid traverse rate is also obtained with the
above expression.
Note that if Fc exceeds the C axis cutting feed
clamp speed, Fc will be the C axis cutting feed
clamp speed.
R
R
F
Fc
C axis
turning
speed
during
circular
interpolation
The speed becomes the circular

interpolation speed (angle
speed) corresponding to the X
and Y axes interpolation speed.
However, if the C axis turning
speed exceeds the C axis
cutting clamp speed, the circular
interpolation speed (F
command) will be clamped so
that the C axis turning speed
becomes the C axis cutting feed
clamp speed.
The tool end position feedrate is automatically

controlled by CNC internal calculations so that it
matches the F command value.
The circular interpolation speed Fr is obtained with
the following expression.
Fr = Fr/(R+r) (mm/min)
F : Command speed (mm/min)
r : Arc radius (mm)
R : Parameter value (mm)
Length from C axis center to tool end
Note that if Fr exceeds the C axis cutting feed clamp
speed, the circular interpolation speed (F command)
will be clamped so that the C axis turning speed
becomes the C axis cutting feed clamp speed.
F
Fr
R
3) Definition of C axis turning direction

The C axis angle is 0 (degree) when the tool is facing the +X direction.
The counterclockwise direction turning is + (plus), and the clockwise direction turning is
(minus).
246

(4) Notes
(a) If the spindle is to be the axis targeted for normal line control, the spindle must be changed to
a servo axis. The spindle C axis (servo ON), and C axis spindle (servo OFF) changeover
is carried out with M commands.
(b) The normal line control axis will stop at the turning start position at the single block, cutting
block start interlock and block start interlock.
(c) The C axis movement command is ignored during normal line control.
(d) During C axis normal line control (during the G41.1 and G42.1 modal), the C axis workpiece
offset rewrite command (G92C_;) cannot be issued. The program error (PR0901) will occur if
commanded.
(e) If mirror image is applied to either the 1-axis or 2-axis, the normal line control will be reversed.
247

(5) Relation with other functions

Function name
Notes
Uni-directional
positioning
Normal line control is not applied.
Helical cutting
Normal line control is applied normally.
The start point and end point are not on the same arc, so normal line
control is not applied correctly.
Synchronous feed
When using the spindle for C axis control, the correct feedrate will not be
reached.
Exact stop check
The operation will not decelerate and stop for the turning movement of
the normal line control axis.
Error detect
The operation will not decelerate and stop for the turning movement of
the normal line control axis.
Override
Override is applied on the turning movement by normal line control.
Figure rotation
Normal line control is applied to the shape after figure rotation.
Coordinate rotation
Normal line control is applied to the shape after coordinate rotation.
Scaling
Normal line control is applied to the shape after scaling.
Mirror image
Normal line control is applied to the shape after mirror image.
Linear angle
designation
Normal line control is applied to the shape after the linear angle
command.
Geometric
designation
Normal line control is applied to the shape after geometric command.
Automatic reference Normal line control is not applied.

point return
Start position return
Normal line control is not applied on the movement to the middle point
position.
If the control parameter "G00 interpolation OFF" is OFF in respect to the
movement from the middle point to a position designated in the program,
normal line control is applied.
Workpiece
coordinate system
offset
The normal line control axis operates in the program coordinate system
set during normal line control.
Local coordinate
system offset
The normal line control axis operates in the program coordinate system
set during normal line control.
Program restart
The block in the normal line control can be restarted.
Dry run
The feedrate is changed by the dry run signal even in respect to the
turning movement of the normal line control axis.
Machining time
calculation
The time of the section turned by the normal line control is also
calculated.
Graphic check
The section turned by the normal line control is also drawn.
248

13.17 Macro Interrupt; M96/M97
13.17
Macro Interrupt; M96/M97
(1) Outline
By inputting a user macro interrupt from the PLC, another designated program (interrupt program)
can be called as a priority to the program currently running.
Examples of this interrupt program include programs for evading abnormalities such as escaping
at a tool breakage, or returning.
The following two types of interrupt can be selected with parameters.
[Interrupt type 1] The running block is immediately stopped, and the interrupt program is
executed.
[Interrupt type 2] The interrupt program is executed after completing the running block.
(2) Command format
M96 P_ H_ ;
User macro interrupt valid
P: Interrupt program number
H: Interrupt sequence number
M97 ;
User macro interrupt invalid
Machining program 0pm
The user macro interrupt signal can

be accepted in this area.
The user macro interrupt signal

cannot be accepted in this area.
:
:
M96Ppi;
:
:
:
:
:
Interrupt signal
:
:
M97;
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
M02;
Interrupt program 0pi

:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
M99;
The modal information is restored to
the state before the interruption.
(a) If an interrupt signal is input from the machine side during the user macro interrupt valid
period (from when M96 is commanded to when M97 is commanded or the NC is reset), the
user macro interrupt will start, the program commanded with P_ will interrupt the machining
program currently running, and will be executed instead.
(b) During the user macro interrupt, or in the user macro interrupt invalid state (after M97
command or NC reset), the input interrupt signal will be ignored.
(c) If the user macro interrupt option is not selected, the M96/M97 command will function as a
normal M code, and will be output externally.
249


(a) Valid conditions
The user macro interrupt can be executed only when a program is running.
1)
2)
3)
4)
The automatic operation mode or MDI is selected.

Automatic startup has been executed.
A user macro interrupt is not applied.
The parameter "Macro interupt valid" is selected.
(Note)
Macro interrupt is invalid during manual operation.
(b) Operation outline

1) After M96Pp1; is commanded in the currently running program, if the user macro interrupt
signal is input, the interrupt program Op1 will be executed. The original program will be
returned to by the M99; command in the interrupt program.
2) When M99Pp2; is commanded, the area from the block following the interrupted block to
the last block of the program will be searched for. If not found, the area from the block at
the head of the program to the block before the interrupted block will be searched for, and
the system will return to the block with the sequence number Np2 that appears first.
(c) Interruption method
The type 1 or type 2 interruption method can be selected with parameters.
[Type 1]
When the interrupt signal is input, the movement or dwell being executed at that point will be
stopped, and the interrupt program will be executed.
If there is a movement command or miscellaneous function command (MSTB) in the
interrupt program, the command in the stopped block will be lost, and the interrupt program
will be executed. When the interrupt program is completed, the program will restart from the
block following the stopped block.
If there is no movement command or miscellaneous function command (MSTB) in the
interrupt program, after returning from the interrupt program, the program will restart from
where the block was interrupted. However, if the interrupt signal is input during execution of
a miscellaneous function command (MSTB), the NC will enter the completion signal standby
state. Thus, after the completion signal is input, the movement command or miscellaneous
function command (MSTB) in the interrupt program will be executed.
[Type 2]
When the interrupt signal is input, the interrupt program will be executed without stopping the
command being executed at that point.
If there is a movement command or miscellaneous function command (MSTB) in the
interrupt program, the movement command or miscellaneous function command (MSTB) in
the interrupt program will be executed after the block command being executed is completed.
However, if the interrupt program is not completed even when the original block is completed,
the machining may temporarily stop.
(d) Calling method
The user macro interrupt includes the following types. The method to be used is selected with
the parameters.
Subprogram type interrupt
Macro type interrupt
The calling method differs for these interrupt programs.
Both methods are added to the call nesting level. Furthermore, the subprogram and user
macro call carried out in the interrupt program are also added to the nesting level.
250

Subprogram type
interrupt
The user macro interrupt program is called as a subprogram.

(Same as M98 call)
In other words, the local variable level does not change before and
after the interruption.
Macro type interrupt
The user macro interrupt program is called as a user macro. (Same

as G65 call)
In other words, the local variable level changes before and after the
interruption.
Arguments cannot be transferred from the execution program to the
interrupt program.
(e) User macro interrupt signal acceptance method

The acceptance methods for the user macro interrupt signal include the following. The method
is selected in the parameters.
Status trigger method
Edge trigger method
Status trigger method
The signal is accepted as a valid signal while the user macro

interrupt signal is ON.
If the interrupt signal is ON when the user macro interrupt is
validated with M96, the interrupt program will be executed.
If the interrupt signal is continuously turned ON, the interrupt
program can be repeated.
Edge trigger method
The signal is accepted as a valid signal at the rising edge where the
user macro interrupt signal changes from OFF to ON.
This is used when the interrupt program is to be executed only
once, etc.
(f) Returning from user macro interrupt

M99 (P_) ;
To return to the original program from the user macro interrupt program, command M99 in the
interrupt program. The sequence number in the program to be returned to can be designated
with address P. In this case, the area from the block following the interrupted block to the last
block of the program will be searched for. If not found, the area from the block at the head of
the program to the block before the interrupted block will be searched for, and the system will
return to the block with the sequence number that appears first.
(Same as M99P_ in M98 call)
(g) Modal information in user macro interrupt
If the modal information is changed in the interrupt program, the modal information after
returning from the interrupt program will change as follows.
[When returned with M99 ;]
The modal information changed in the interrupt program is invalidated, and returns to the
modal information before interruption.
When using interrupt method type 1 and there is a movement command or miscellaneous
function command (MSTB) in the interrupt program, the modal information will not return to
that before the interruption.
[When returned with M99P_ ;]
If the modal information is changed in the interrupt program, the modal information
changed in the interrupt program will be retained even after returning from the interrupt
program. This is the same as returning with M99P_ ; from a program called with M98, etc.
251

(h) Modal information variables (#4401 to #4520)

The modal information for when the control changes to the user macro interrupt program can
be recognized by reading the values of #4401 to #4520.
The unit is the commanded unit.
System variable
Modal information
#4401
to
#4421
G code (Group 1)
to
G code (Group 21)
#4507
D code
#4509
F code
#4511
H code
#4513
M code
#4514
Sequence number
#4515
Program number
#4519
S code
#4520
T code
These variables can be used only in the user macro interrupt program.
An error will occur if used in programs other than the user macro interrupt program.
(i)
M code for user macro interrupt control

User macro interrupt is controlled with M96 and M97, but if M96 and M97 are used for other
applications, other M codes can be used as a substitute.
(The program will become incompatible.)
Set the substitute M code in the parameter, and select the parameter for validating this setting.
Then, the user macro interrupt can be controlled with the substitute M code.
(The M code setting range is 03 to 97, excluding 30.)
If the parameter for validating the substitute M code is not selected, M96 and M97 will be used
as the user macro interrupt control M codes.
In either case, the user macro interrupt control M code is processed internally and is not output
to an external source.
(4) Restrictions
(a) The user macro interrupt function is part of the user macros, and cannot be used if the user
macro specifications are not provided.
(b) If the system variables #5001 (position information) and following for reading the coordinate
values are used in the user macro interrupt program, the read coordinate value will be that
read with the preread buffer.
(c) When interrupting during execution of the following function, always designate a sequence
number (M99P_ ;) in the return command from the user macro interrupt program. The original
program will not be returned to correctly if the sequence number is not designated.
252
13.18
13.18

Three-dimensional Coordinate Conversion Function; G68/G69
(1) Outline
In respect to the X, Y and Z axes of the currently set workpiece coordinate system, the new
coordinate system in which rotation and zero point parallel movement have been carried out can
be defined. By using this function, a random plane in the space can be defined, and machining
can be carried out by commanding normal programs in respect to that plane.
Radius direction Y
Axis direction
G68 program coordinate system
Workpiece coordinate system
Radius direction X
Z
(2) Command format

The program format is as shown below.
Xx
G68
Three-dimensional
coordinate conversion
mode command
Yy
Zz
Rotation center
coordinates
Ii
Jj
Kk
Rotation center axis

direction
Rr
Rotation angle
: If the rotation center axis is the X axis, set "1" in i. If not the rotation center axis, set "0".
x, y, z
Rotation center coordinate
i, j, k
Rotation center axis direction
Rotation angle
Designated with the absolute position in the local

coordinate system.
1: Designated,
0: Not designated. Note that only one of the three
axes is designated.
The counterclockwise direction looking at the rotation
center from the rotation center axis direction is the
plus (+) direction. Command as a 0.001 unit within
the range of 360.000 to 360.000.
G69 ;
Three-dimensional coordinate conversion
mode cancel command
There are limits to the G codes that can be commanded during the three-dimensional coordinate
conversion mode.
253
13.18


(a) Commands
1) Command the rotation center coordinates with absolute values.
2) If the rotation center coordinates are omitted, the zero point of the currently set coordinate
system will be the rotation center coordinates.
3) Designate values for I, J and K. If even one is not designated, the program alarm "PR0033
Format error" will occur. If all settings are omitted, the normal program coordinate rotation
will be applied. Set 1 in only one of I, J and K, and set 0 for the other two. "PR0033 Format
error" will occur if 1 is set in two or more. "PR0033 Format error" will also occur if 0 is set
for all.
An error will occur if a G code that cannot be commanded, is commanded in the
three-dimensional coordinate conversion mode.
4) When addresses I, J and K are not designated, this will be handled as the program
coordinate rotation.
5) If a number other than 0 (including two-digit numbers) is designated for addresses I, J and
K, this will be handled as 1.
6) Some of the G codes that can be commanded in the three-dimensional coordinate conversion
modal are limited. If a G code that cannot be commanded in the three-dimensional coordinate
conversion modal is issued, the program error "PR0921 3DIM coord convert error" will occur.
7) If the three-dimensional coordinate conversion specifications are not provided, the program
error "PR0920 No 3DIM coord conversion spec." will occur.
254
13.18

(b) Three-dimensional coordinate conversion and program coordinate system

With the G68 command, the rotation center coordinates are shifted by the command value (X,
Y, Z) in respect to the current coordinate system. The new program coordinate system rotated
by the commanded rotation angle (R) in respect to the command rotation center direction (I, J,
K) is set.
(Example)
N1 G68 X10. Y0
N2 G68 X0 Y10.
N3 G69 ;
Z0
Z0
I0
I1
J1
J0
K0
K0
R-30. ;
R45. ;
a. With N1, the center is shifted by [x, y, z] = (10., 0, 0) in respect to the currently set
coordinate system. The new program coordinate system (A in the following figure)
rotated 30 in the counterclockwise direction using the Y axis as the center is set.
b. With N2, the center is shifted by [x, y, z] = (0, 10., 0) in respect to the newly set program
coordinate system (A in the following figure). The new program coordinate system (B in
the following figure) rotated +45 in the counterclockwise direction using the X axis as
the center is set.
c. With N3, the program coordinate systems that have been set are all canceled, and the
state where the first G68 is commanded is returned to.
+Z
+Y
+Y
45
+Z
+Y
+Z
+X
P (0, 0, 0)
G68 program
+X
coordinate system (B)
P (0, 0, 0)
Local coordinate system
(workpiece coordinate system)
30
P (0, 0, 0)
G68 program coordinate system (A)
+X
* If the local coordinate system offset is not applied, the local coordinate system is the
same as the workpiece coordinate system.
255
13.18

(c) Conversion method

The coordinate values (Xp, Yp, Zp) in the newly set coordinate system and the coordinate
values (Xm, Ym, Zm) in the reference workpiece coordinate system are converted as shown
below.
First G68 command
[Xm, Ym, Zm, 1] = [Xp, Yp, Zp, 1] R1T1 (Forward row)
[Xp, Yp, Zp, 1] = [Xm, Ym, Zm, 1] (T11) (R11) (Reverse row)
Second and following G68 command
[Xm, Ym, Zm, 1] = [Xp, Yp, Zp, 1] R2T2R1T1
[Xp, Yp, Zp, 1] = [Xm, Ym, Zm, 1] (T11) (R11) (T21) (R21)
R1, R2: Rotation row calculated from first and second G68 parameter
T1, T2: Movement row calculated from first and second G68 parameter
The conversion rows Rn and Tn (n = 1, 2) are as follow.
Rn conversion row
1)
2)
I designation (rotation around X axis)

1
cos R
sin R
sin R
cos R
J designation (rotation around Y axis)

cos R
3)
sin R
sin R
cos R
K designation (rotation around Z axis)

cos R
sin R
sin R
cos R
Tn conversion row
x, y, z : Rotation center coordinates (parallel movement amount)

I, J, K : Rotation axis selection
R
: Rotation angle
256
13.18

(d) Example of program

1)
Example of machining program using arc cutting

In the following program example, the arc cutting (N3 block) carried out on the top of the
workpiece is also carried out on the side of the workpiece. By using three-dimensional
coordinate conversion, the side can be cut with the same process (N8 block).
N01 G17 G90 G00 X0 Y0 Z0;

N02 G00 X100. Y200. Z200.;
N03 G02 X100. Y400. J100. F1000;
N04 G00 Z300.;
N05 G68 X0 Y0 Z200. I0 J1 K0 R90.;
N06 G17 G90 G00 X0 Y0 Z0;
N07 G00 X100. Y200. Z200.;
N08 G02 X100. Y400. J100. F1000;

N09 G00 Z300.;
Position to the workpiece zero point P.

Move to (100, 200, 200) with rapid traverse.
Carry out arc cutting on workpiece top.
Escape in +Z direction at +100 rapid traverse.
After shifting program coordinate system to (0, 0, 200), rotate
coordinate axis +90 in Y axis direction.
Position to new program's zero point P'.
Move to program coordinate system (100, 200, 200) and
workpiece coordinate system (200, 200, 100) with rapid
traverse.
Carry out arc cutting on workpiece side.
Move +100 in program coordinate system + Z' direction with
rapid traverse.
N10 G69;
N11 M02;
+Y
+Z
+Y
N4
N6
N3
N9
N7
P (0, 0, 200)
N1
N2
N8
P (0, 0, 0)
+Z
+X
+X
257
13.18
2)

Example of machining program using fixed cycle

In the following program, the bolt hole cycle (N08 block) executed on the top of the
workpiece is also carried out on the side of the workpiece. By using three-dimensional
coordinate conversion, the side can be cut with the same process (N18 block).
N01 G90 G00 X0 Y0 Z0;
Position to the workpiece coordinate system's 1st

workpiece zero point.
N02 F2000;
N03 G00 X100. Y100. Z-600.;
N04 G52 X100. Y100. Z-600.;
N05 G00 X100. Y10. Z 200.;
N06 G91;
N07 G81 Z-10. R5. L0 F2000;
N08 G34 X100. Y200. I90. J270. K10.;
N09 G80;
N10 G91 G00 X-200.;
N11 G90 G52 X0 Y0 Z0;
N12 G90 G00 X0 Y0 Z0;
N13 G00 X100. Y100. Z-400.;
N14 G68 X100. Y100. Z-400. I0 J1 K0 R90.;
N15 G00 X100.Y10. Z200.;

N16 G91;
N17 G81 Z-10. R5. L0 F200;
N18 G34 X100.Y200. I90. J270. K10.;
N19 G80;
N20 G91 G00 X-200.;
N21 G69;
N22 M02;

Set the local coordinate system to the (100, 100, 600)
position.
Move to the local coordinate system's (100, 10, 200)
position with rapid traverse.
Drilling
Bolt hole cycle
Drilling cancel
Move 200 from machining end point to X axis direction
with rapid traverse.
Cancel local coordinate system.
Position to workpiece zero point.
Set G68 program coordinate system to position rotated
+90 in Y axis direction using (100, 100, 400) position
as center.
Move to (100, 10, 200) position in G68 program
coordinate system with rapid traverse.
Drilling
Bolt hole cycle
Drilling cancel
Move 200 from machining end point to X axis direction
with rapid traverse.
Cancel three-dimensional coordinate conversion modal.
End program.
+Y
N1
O (0, 0, 0)
N12
+X
N20
+Y
N10
-Z
N13
N7~N9
+Z
N3
+Y
O (100, 100, -400)
N15
N17~N19
N5
O (100, 100, -600)

+Z
+X
+X
258
13.18

(e) Coordinate system

1)
2)
3)
4)
By issuing the three-dimensional coordinate conversion command, the new coordinate

system (G68 program coordinate system) will be created on the local coordinate system.
The coordinate system for the three-dimensional coordinate conversion rotation center
coordinates is the local coordinate system. Thus, these coordinates are affected by the
following coordinate system offset and coordinate system shift amount.
Local coordinate system offset issued with G52 command
G92 shift amount issued with G92 command
Coordinate system offset corresponding to workpiece coordinate system selected with
command
External workpiece coordinate offset
Extended workpiece offset
During the three-dimensional coordinate conversion modal, the G68 program coordinate
system is created on the current G68 program coordinate system, and is used as the new
G68 program coordinate system.
The local coordinate system cannot be created (G52) on the G68 program coordinate
system. (If G52 is issued, the "PR0921 3DIM coord convert error" will occur.)
(f) Rotation angle

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
For the rotation angle, the counterclockwise direction looking at the rotation center from
the plus direction of the rotation center axis is the plus (+) direction.
If a value with no decimal point is designated for the rotation angle, the value obtained by
dividing the designated value by 1000 will be used.
When either of the following are designated, the rotation angle will be 45.0.
G68 X0.Y0.Z0. I0J0K1 R45.
G68 X0.Y0.Z0. I0J0K1 R45000
If the rotation angle is omitted, the rotation angle will be handled as 0.
The modal display's rotation angle for three-dimensional coordinate conversion
overwrites the modal display's rotation angle for the program coordinate conversion.
The modal display's rotation angle when three-dimensional coordinate conversion is
carried out two or more times, will be the rotation angle of the three-dimensional
coordinate conversion carried out last.
(g) Rotation center coordinates

1)
2)
3)
The G68 rotation center coordinate system is commanded with the local coordinate
system (G68 program coordinate system during the three-dimensional coordinate
conversion modal).
The rotation center coordinate designation is handled as an absolute value designation
regardless of whether an absolute/incremental modal (G90/G91) is being executed.
If the rotation center coordinate (address X, Y, Z) is omitted, it will be handled as if the
zero point for the current local coordinate (G68 program coordinate system during the
three-dimensional coordinate conversion modal) is designated for the omitted address's
axis. (The same as when 0 is just set.)
259
13.18

(h) G68 multiple command

By commanding three-dimensional coordinate conversion during the three-dimensional
coordinate conversion modal, two or more multiple commands can be issued.
1)
2)
The three-dimensional coordinate conversion command in the three-dimensional coordinate

conversion modal is combined with the conversion in the modal.
If the three-dimensional coordinate conversion is overlapped during the three-dimensional
coordinate conversion modal, the overlapped three-dimensional coordinate conversion will
be created on the coordinate system (G68 program coordinate system) created with the
three-dimensional coordinate conversion in the modal. Thus, the rotary axis and
coordinates must be designated with this G68 program coordinate system.
For the X axis and Y axis, if each is created on the coordinate system rotated by 90,
these must be designated as shown in Example 2 rather than Example 1.
<Example 1>
G68 X0.Y0.Z0. I1J0K0
G68 X0.Y0.Z0. I0J1K0
R90.
R90.
X axis rotation 90
Y axis rotation 90
(The Y axis designated here is the same as the
Z axis in the original coordinate system.)
<Example 2>
G68 X0.Y0.Z0. I1J0K0
G68 X0.Y0.Z0. I0J0K1
R90.
R-90.
X axis rotation 90
Z axis rotation 90
(The Z axis -90 rotation designated here is the
same as the Y axis +90 rotation in the original
coordinate system.)
260
13.18

(i) When first movement command after three-dimensional coordinate conversion command
is an arc command
When the first movement command after the three-dimensional coordinate conversion
command is an arc shape, if the arc center position has not changed before and after the
three-dimensional coordinate conversion, the arc will be drawn. However, an error will occur in
the following cases.
1)
2)
If three-dimensional coordinate conversion of an arc center designated (I, J designated)

arc causes the center coordinates to deviate, the error "PR0070 Arc end point deviation
large" will occur.
If three-dimensional coordinate conversion of an arc radius designated (R designated)
arc causes the center coordinates to deviate, the error "PR0071 Can't calculate arc
center" will occur.
Example in which "Arc end point deviation large" alarm occurs (1)
G90 G28 XYZ
F3000 G17
G68 X100. Y0. Z0. I0J0K1 R0.
G02 X100. I50.
Arc end point

deviation large
End point
(X 50, Y 0)
End point
X
(X 100, Y 0)
Current
position
Arc center
Arc center
Example in which "Arc end point deviation large"

alarm occurs (2)
End point
End point
Arc end point
deviation large
(X 150, Y 150)
G90 G28 XYZ

F3000 G17
G00 X100.
G68 X0. Y0. Z0. I0J0K1 R90.
G02 X150. Y-50. 150. J0.
150
No three-dimensional coordinate conversion
X
X
(X 100, Y 0)
In three-dimensional coordinate conversion
Current
position
(X 100, Y 0)
50
Arc center
Current position
X
Arc center
X
50
(X 100, Y 0)
(X 100, Y 0)
End point
No three-dimensional
(X 150, Y -50)
261
(X 150, Y 0)
Current position
13.18

Example in which "Can't calculate arc center" alarm occurs (1)

Y
G90 G28 XYZ

F3000 G17
G68 X100. Y0. Z0. I0J0K1 R0.
G02 X100. R50.
Radius50
Radius=50
End point
End point
X
Current
position
(X 100, Y 0)
(X 100, Y 0)
Example in which "Can't calculate arc center"

alarm occurs (2)
End point
G90 G28 XYZ

F3000 G17
G00 X100.
G68 X0. Y0. Z0. I0J0K1 R90.
G02 X200. Y0. R50.
Y
X
(X 100, Y 0) X
Can't calculate
arc center
(X 200, Y 0)
Current position
Y
Can't calculate
arc center
Radius50
Radius=50
(X 100, Y 0)
Current position
X
(X 200, Y 0)
(X 100, Y 0)

262
End point
Current position
13.18

(j) Three-dimensional coordinate conversion for axis with no movement command

An axis with no movement command will not move.
<Example: When G90 movement is commanded immediately after three-dimensional
coordinate conversion>
In the following example, X axis movement is commanded in the N4 block, but movement is
not commanded for the other axes.
Here, the coordinates before movement in the N4 block are (X 212.132, Y 70.710, Z 0) in the
G68 program coordinate system. If X0 movement in the N4 block is attempted on this
coordinate system, the end point will be (X0, Y 70.710, Z0).
When viewed on the coordinate system before three-dimensional coordinate conversion,
these coordinates are (X 50, Y50, Z0).
+Y
N1 G28 X0Y0;
N2 G00 X100. Y200.;
N3 G68 I0J0K1 R45.;
N4 G90 X0.;
(212, 132, 70.710, 0)

+Y
+X
200
G68 program
coordinate system
N4
200
100
(0, 70.710, 0)
N2
50
45
50
263
+X
100
G54 workpiece
coordinate system
13.18

(k) When three-dimensional coordinate conversion is commanded during mirror image

If three-dimensional coordinate conversion is commanded during mirror image, the mirror will
not be applied on the rotary conversion center coordinates. Thus, the coordinate value
(absolute position) designated in the machining program will be used during coordinate
conversion.
The mirror center is converted over the converted coordinate system (G68 program
coordinate system).
+X
Example) Mirror image during absolute value mode

+Y
500
300
400
200
Path with no mirror
300
100
G28 XYZ;
N1 G90 G01 X200. F2000;
N2
G51.1 X0.;
N3
G68 X200. Y200. I0J0K1 R90.;
N4 G90 G00 X100. Y0 Z0;
Three-dimensional
center
+Y
200
100
N3
100
Path during mirror

command
N4
N2
200
N1
+X
200
Mirror center
(with no three-dimensional coordinate conversion)
Mirror center
(during three-dimensional coordinate conversion)
(X, Y: before conversion/X', Y': after conversion)
G28 XYZ;
N1 G91 G01 X200. F2000;
N2
G51.1 X0.;
N3
G68 X200. Y200. I0J0K1 R90.;
N4 G90 G00 X100. Y0 Z0;
+X
Example) Mirror image for incremental value mode

+Y
500
300
400
200
300
100
Path during mirror

command
N4
Path with no mirror
+Y
200
N3
Three-dimensional
center
100
100
+X
200
N1
Mirror center
Mirror center
200
N2

264
13.18

(l) When mirror image is used during three-dimensional coordinate conversion command
If the G command mirror image is applied during the three-dimensional coordinate conversion
command, the mirror center will be set with the G68 program coordinate system.
If the mode is the absolute value mode, the mirror center will be set with the absolute position
in the G68 program coordinate system. If the mode is the incremental value mode, the mirror
center will be set as a position obtained by adding the incremental value designated in the
G68 program coordinate system to the current position.
+X
G28 XYZ;
+Y
N1 G90 G01 X200. F2000;
N2
G68 X200. Y200. I0J0K1 R90.;
N3
G51.1 X200.;
N4 G90 G01 X100. Y100. Z0;
N4
Path during mirror

command
300
500
400
300
100
N3
200
N2
Three-dimensional
center
100
+Y
Path with no mirror
100
+X
N1
200
200
Mirror center
Mirror center
The mirror center is set at the absolute value X = 200 in the G68 program coordinate system.
+X
300
400
200
300
100
500
200
N2
100
N4
100
+Y
G28 XYZ;
+Y
N1 G91 G01 X200. F2000;
N2
G68 X200. Y200. I0J0K1 R90.;
N3
G51.1 X200.;
N4 G90 G01 X100. Y100. Z0;
Path during mirror

command
Path with no mirror
N3
Three-dimensional
center
+X
200
N1
200
Mirror center
Mirror center
The mirror center is a position +200 in the X direction from the current position in the G68
program coordinate system.
265
13.18

(4) Relation with other functions

(a) G codes that can be commanded during three-dimensional coordinate conversion mode.
G00, G01, G02, G03, G04, G05, G6.2, G07, G09, G10, G11, G12, G13, G17, G18, G19,
G20, G21, G22, G23, G27, G28, G29, G30, G31, G31.1, G31.2, G31.3, G31.4, G34, G35,
G36, G37.1, G38, G39, G40, G41, G42, G43, G44, G45, G46, G47, G48, G49, G50.1,
G51.1, G53, G61, G61.1, G61.2, G61.3, G61.5, G62, G64, G65, G66, G66.1, G67,
G69, G70, G71, G72, G73, G74, G75, G76, G77, G78, G79, G80, G81, G82, G83, G84,
G85, G86, G87, G88, G89, G90, G91, G93, G94, G95, G98, G99
(b) Circular interpolation
1) During the three-dimensional coordinate conversion modal, the arc interpolation will
operate with the three-dimensional coordinate converted value.
2) The arc command during three-dimensional coordinate conversion will operate normally
for all planes G17, G18 and G19.
3) Even if the three-dimensional coordinate conversion is only rotated on the selected plane
(when the same function as program coordinate conversion is executed), the original
shape before conversion will be drawn with the graphic check.
(c) Z axis cancel
Z axis cancel during the three-dimensional coordinate conversion modal is movement in
respect to the coordinate value after three-dimensional coordinate conversion. The movement
in the Z axis direction will be canceled.
In Example 1, there is movement in the Z axis direction in the original figure. However, after
three-dimensional coordinate conversion, the movement is converted to movement in the X axis
direction, so the axis will move.
<Example 1>
G90 G28 XYZ
G68 X0. Y0. Z0. I0J1K0 R90.
G01 Z100.
Y axis rotation 90
( 0,
0, 100) (100,
Coordinate before
conversion
0,
Coordinate after
conversion
0) (100,
0,
0)
Movement destination
coordinate
In Example 2, there is no movement in the Z axis direction in the original figure. However,
movement in the Z axis direction will be generated after three-dimensional coordinate
conversion.
If the mode is the Z axis cancel mode, this Z axis direction movement will be ignored and no
movement will take place.
<Example 2>
G90 G28 XYZ
G68 X0. Y0. Z0. I0J1K0 R90.
G01 X100. Y100.
Y axis rotation 90
(100, 100,
0) (
Coordinate before
conversion
266
0, 100, 100) (
Coordinate after
conversion
0, 100,
0)
Movement destination
coordinate
13.18

(d) Graphic check

1) During graphic check, the original shape before conversion is drawn as the shape being
three-dimensional coordinate converted.
2) When three-dimensional coordinate conversion is canceled, the current position in the
graphic check is aligned with the actual machine position.
3) If machining program with incremental value movement is executed after
three-dimensional coordinate conversion is canceled, the position of the shape after
three-dimensional coordinate conversion is canceled may be deviated from the original
shape.
This occurs because movement is executed with an incremental value command while the
position of the shape after three-dimensional coordinate conversion is canceled is deviated
from the original shape.
<Example>
N1 G90 G28 XYZ
N2 F3000
N3 G01 X100.
N4 G68 X0Y0Z0 I1J0K0 R90.
N5 G01 Y100.
N6 G01 X0.
N7 G69
N8 G91 Y-100.
N9 G90 X0.Y0.Z50.
N10 M02
Tool path
0,
0,
Graphic check path
0,
0,
Original path
0,
0,
100,
0,
0
100,
0,
0
100, 0, 0
<Three-dimensional coordinate conversion start>
100,
0, 100
100, 100,
0
100,100, 0
0,
0, 100
0, 100,
0
0,100, 0
<Three-dimensional coordinate conversion cancel>
0,100, 100
0,100, 100
0, 0, 0
0,
0, 50
0
0, 50
0, 0, 50
Normally, the path drawn with graphic check is the original shape onto which
three-dimensional coordinate conversion has not been applied. However, when
three-dimensional coordinate conversion is canceled, the graphic check position is aligned
with the machine position, so if the canceled position is different from the original shape, it will
be deviated from the original shape.
In the above examples, the graphic check's current position (original shape's current position)
in N6 is (0,100,0), but when three-dimensional coordinate conversion is canceled in N7, the
position is aligned to the current machine position (0,0,100).
Thus, if the next movement command is an incremental value command (N8 block), the axis
will move to a position deviated from the original shape.
This deviation can be corrected by moving with an absolute value command. (N9 block)
(e) High-accuracy control/initial high-accuracy
Three-dimensional coordinate conversion
simultaneously.
and
high-accuracy
control
can
be
used
(f) NURBS interpolation

Three-dimensional coordinate conversion and NURBS interpolation can be used simultaneously.
If the three-dimensional coordinate conversion command (G68) and NURBS command (G6.2)
are issued in the same block, the error "PR0033 Format error" will occur.
267
13.18

(g) Synchronous tap

The synchronous tap command can be issued in the three-dimensional coordinate conversion
modal.
The synchronous tap feed direction will be the direction commanded on the G68 program
coordinate system by the three-dimensional coordinate conversion modal.
Even if manual synchronous tap is executed during the three-dimensional coordinate
conversion modal, the feed direction and the spindle will not be synchronized.
(h) High-speed skip/multi-step skip
High-speed skip and multi-step skip can be executed in the three-dimensional coordinate
conversion modal.
Command the target coordinate value as a coordinate value on the G68 program coordinate
system.
The coordinate value in the G68 program coordinate system will be output as soon as the skip
signal is input in the skip coordinates (macro variables). A coordinate value in the local
coordinate system before G68 is commanded can be output by setting the parameters.
If manual skip is used during the three-dimensional coordinate conversion, the local coordinate
value will be output.
If the skip command (G31, G31.1, G31.2, G31.3, G31.4) is commanded in the same block as
G68, only the G68 command will be valid, and the skip command will be ignored.
268

13.19 Cutting Mode; G64
13.19
Cutting Mode; G64
(1) Outline
When the cutting mode command is issued, the NC will enter the cutting mode that allows a
smooth cutting surface to be achieved. As opposed to the exact stop check mode (G61), the
operation will not decelerate and stop between cutting feed blocks. Instead, the next block will be
continuously executed. The cutting mode state is entered when the power is turned ON.
(2) Command format
G code
Function
G64
Cutting mode ON
The cutting mode can be canceled with the exact stop check mode (G61), automatic corner
override (G62), tapping mode (G63), or high-accuracy control mode (G61.1 to G61.5).
269

13.20 Automatic Corner Override; G62
13.20
Automatic Corner Override; G62
(1) Outline
This function automatically applies an override on the cutting feedrate so that the cutting amount is
not increased per constant time at the corner. This prevents strain on the machining surface due
to an increase in the cutting load when cutting corners.
The automatic corner override is valid only during tool radius compensation.
(2) Command format
G62 ;
The automatic corner override turns ON with the G62 command, and is canceled with the
following G commands.
G40 Tool radius compensation cancel
G61 Exact stop check mode
G63 Tapping mode
G64 Cutting mode
G61.1~G61.5 High-accuracy control mode
(a) Description of operation
Machining allowance
Workpiece
Workpiece surface
shape
(3)
(2)
Program path
(finished shape)
Tool center path
(1)
Machining
allowance
Ci
Deceleration
area
Tool
: Max. angle at inside corner
Ci : Deceleration area (IN)
1) When automatic corner override is not to be applied

When the tool moves in the order of (1) (2) (3) shown above, the machining allowance
at (3) increases by an amount equivalent to the area of shaded section S and so the tool
load increases.
2) When automatic corner override is to be applied
When the inside corner angle shown above is less than the angle set in the parameter, the
override set into the parameter is automatically applied in the deceleration range Ci.
270

13.21 High-accuracy Control; G61.1
13.21
High-accuracy Control; G61.1
(1) Outline
This function controls the operation so the lag is eliminated in control systems and servo systems.
With this function, improved machining accuracy can be realized, especially during high-speed
machining, and machining time can be reduced.
The high-accuracy control function is configured of the following functions.
Speed control
Servo control
Pre-interpolation
acceleration/
deceleration control
High-accuracy
control command
Feed forward control
Optimum corner
deceleration control
Function
Cutting feed
Pre-interpolation
acceleration/
deceleration
Optimum corner
deceleration
Acceleration/deceleration time is reduced

using constant inclination acceleration/
deceleration and a S-character filter, and
surface accuracy is improved by suppressing
machine vibration.
Sharp corners are accurately machined
without waste.
Machining path accuracy is improved by
reducing the tracking lag error.
Rapid traverse
positioning
Positioning time for
micro-distances is
reduced.
Positioning time is
reduced by reducing
the tracking lag error.
(2) Command format

G61.1 ;
High-speed control is commanded with G61.1.
G02/G03
Effect during arc interpolation

Path during 70% feed forward
gain in the high-accuracy
control mode
Sharp corners are accurately

machined without waste by
optimum linear acceleration/
deceleration and corner judgment.
Optimum corner deceleration
Command path
R
Path during 0% feed
forward gain in the
high-accuracy
control mode
Path when the

high-accuracy control
mode is OFF
Conventional
Conventional
R: Command radius (mm)

R: Radius error (mm)
F: Cutting feed (m/min)
T
Optimum corner deceleration
271


(a) Pre-interpolation acceleration/deceleration
The machining shape error due to smoothing is eliminated by accelerating/decelerating before
interpolation, and a highly accurate path can be obtained.
Decreased radius errors during arc commands can be kept extremely low.
Constant inclination acceleration/deceleration is also carried out, so the positioning time for
micro-distances during G00 commands is reduced.
(Note) Constant pre-interpolation acceleration/deceleration for rapid traverse (G00) can be
validated or invalidated in the parameters. This can be done independently from the
high-accuracy control designation.
Refer to the Section on "High-accuracy Control for Part Machining" for details on
improving the arc radius error.
(b) Optimum corner deceleration
Highly accurate edge machining is enabled by judging the machining program command
vectors and carrying out corner deceleration.
The following drawing shows the deceleration pattern at the corner.
(Optimum corner deceleration is a function of the high-accuracy control mode.)
By using an S-character filter, the speed change becomes smoother, machine vibration is
suppressed, and surface accuracy can be improved.
At the corners, the command vectors of the machining program are automatically judged, and
corner deceleration is carried out. Highly accurate edge machining is enabled by corner
deceleration.
Speed
N001
P
N001
N002
N002
Pre-inter polation
acceler ation/
deceleration
inclin e (acceler ation)
Deceleration to V0
F : Cutting feedrate
V0 V0: Max. tolerable deceleration
Tim e
(c) Feed forward control function

A stable servo control with an extremely small servo error can be realized using the feed
forward control characteristic to this CNC system.
Kp
Kp :
Kv :
M :
S :
Position loop gain

Speed loop gain
Motor
Differential
Kv
M
Detector
272

(d) High-accuracy SS control

A fine segment program for die machining, etc., may contain fine steps or paths waved in a
S-pattern caused by CAM operation errors, etc. This may cause the paths to be misaligned in
adjacent paths.
: Point commanded in program
Path A
P2
P1
P11
P3
P12
Path B
P14
P13
P21
P4
P15
P22
P16
Wave or step
P23
Path C
P25
P26
P24
P8
P9
P7
P1
Path A
P6
Path B
P16
P5
P41
P21
P17
P42
P15
P4
P22
P43
P32
P44
Path D
P14
P3
P13
P2
P1
P31
P23
Paths are misaligned at

adjacent paths
P12
P24
P2
P11
Path C
P33
P34
Path B
P25
Path A
P3
If strict speed control, based on the angle of two blocks, is used on a program with this type of
step or error, sensitive acceleration/deceleration may be repeated at local steps or errors. As a
result, marks like scratch may be made or streaks may appear on the cutting surface.
With SS (Smooth Surface) control, by using the angle of two blocks and the path information
of a wide area, optimum speed control not affected excessively by the fine steps or waves can
be carried out.
The features of SS control are listed below.
1) Effective for machining a smooth shape die with a fine segment program.
2) Speed control not easily affected by errors in the path.
3) Similar acceleration/deceleration patterns used if shape and accuracy of adjacent paths
are similar.
4) Even at sections not requiring corner deceleration, speed is clamped if predicted
acceleration rate is high.
(Clamp rate is set in the machining parameter (user parameter) "SS ctrl clamp coef".)
The length of the path direction recognized with SS control can be adjusted with the machining
parameter (user parameter) "SS ctrl std length". When a large value is set, a wider range will
be applied, and the effect of errors will be lessened.
(Note) SS control executes speed control using path information for a wide range. Thus, the
number of pre-read blocks will increase. The performance in the high-speed machining
mode I, II cannot be guaranteed when SS control is valid.
(e) High-accuracy control deceleration check
During the high-accuracy control mode (G61.1, G61.2, G61.3, G61.5), deceleration check is
not carried out at the joint of the positioning command (G0) and cutting feed command (G1)
blocks. Instead, the corner is judged and when found to be a corner, in-position check is
carried out. This allows the machining time to be shortened in a program with many hole
drilling steps, etc.
When the control parameter 2 "Prec ctrl dec chk2" is turned ON, if the positioning command
(G0) and cutting feed command (G1) movement directions do not change, movement with the
cutting feed command (G1) will start before the movement speed with the positioning
command (G0) reaches 0. Deceleration check is not carried out at the joint of the cutting feed
command (G1) and positioning command (G0) blocks, and instead optimum corner
deceleration is carried out.
273

1)
Operation
Previous Next
block
block
(N1)
(N2)
G0
G0
Changes in movement
direction
When movement direction
changes
N1 G0
Deceleration check
at block joint
G0 in-position width is checked.
N1
N2
N2 G0
G0
G0
When movement direction does

not change
N1 G0
G0 in-position width
Block joint
The G0 movement in the next

block is started without
decelerating.
N2 G0
N2
N1
Block joint
G0
G1

changes
G0 in-position width is checked.
N1 G0
N2
N1
N2 G1
G0 in-position width
Block joint
G0
G1

not change
N1 G0
G0 block decelerates, and after

reaching the G1 speed, the next
block's G1 movement is started.
N2 G1
N2
N1
Block joint
G1
G0

changes
Axis decelerates to corner

deceleration speed.
N1 G1
N2 G0
N2
N1
Block joint
G1
G0

not change
N1 G1
Axis does not decelerate at G1

block, and instead next block's G0
movement is started.
N2 G0
N1
N2
Block joint
274

2)
Acceleration/deceleration
When this function is validated (control parameter 2 "Prec ctrl dec chk2" is ON), the
inclination of the acceleration/deceleration during the positioning command (G0) and
cutting feed command (G1) will be determined by the base system parameter #120090
"Glbf2" and #120091 "GlbtL2".
G1bf2
G0
G1
G1btL2
G1btL2
3)
G0 feed forward gain

When this function is validated (control parameter 2 "Prec ctrl dec chk2" is ON), the feed
forward gain for the positioning command (G0) will be the same as the feed forward gain
for the cutting feed command (G1), and will be determined by the axis specification
parameter #130021 "Fwdg".
4)
Restrictions
Deceleration check is carried out when the control parameter 2 #320010 "G0 interpolation
OFF" is ON.
Deceleration check is carried out when error detect is ON.
Deceleration check is carried out in the exact stop check (G09) command block.
Deceleration check is carried out during the synchronous tapping mode (G74/G84).
When this function is valid and the machining time is calculated, the calculated time will
be the same as when the function is invalid.
If there is a block with no movement, such as the M code, during the movement
commands, the tool will decelerate by the process time for the block with no movement.
275
13.22
13.22

High-accuracy Control for Die Machining; G61.2/G61.3
(1) Outline
This function allows free curves to be machined at a high-accuracy with fine segment commands.
By using this in combination with the high-speed machining function, high-speed and
high-accuracy machining can be carried out.
The function for controlling the machining program commanded with fine segments at a high
accuracy is configured of the following functions.
Die machining
command
Fine segment
command
(CAM data)
Fine segment
commands
(Height sensor
data)
Function
Path analysis
Image data
compression
Image data
compression of
noncontinuous
points
Fairing
Revision to
smooth path
Speed control
Pre-interpolation
acceleration/
deceleration
control
Interpolation
Spline
interpolation
Optimum
corner
deceleration
control
Cutting feed
Servo control
Feed
forward
control
Rapid traverse positioning
Image data
compression
Deletion of unnecessary fine noncontinuous

data
Fairing
Revision on noncontinuous command points

for smooth machining
Pre-interpolation
acceleration/
deceleration
Acceleration/deceleration time is reduced using Positioning time for

constant inclination acceleration/deceleration
micro-distances is reduced.
and an S-character filter, and surface accuracy
is improved by suppressing machine vibration.
Optimum corner
deceleration
Neat machining of sharp corners without waste
Spline interpolation
Smooth, high-speed machining of free curves

276
Positioning time is reduced

by reducing the tracking lag
error.
13.22

(2) Command format

G61.2 ;
The high-accuracy control for die machining (CAM data) is commanded with G61.2.
G61.3 ;
The high-accuracy control for die machining (height sensor data) is commanded with G61.3.
Cutting feed commands are all spline interpolated during G61.2 and G61.3 modal.
The following shows function combinations during G61.2 and G61.3 modal.
G61.2: Image data compression + Pre-interpolation acceleration/deceleration +
Optimum corner deceleration + Spline interpolation + Feed forward
G61.3: Image data compression + Fairing + Pre-interpolation acceleration/deceleration +
Optimum corner deceleration + Spline interpolation + Feed forward
(a) Fairing function, image data compression function
This function carries out image data compression of the commanded point and revision of the
commanded point within the tolerance amount (parameter setting) range. By carrying out
spline interpolation on the command point after revision, a smooth machining surface can be
achieved with high-speed machining.
The corner is smoothly connected within the tolerance range.
For CAD/M data
The noncontinuous points caused by CAD/M operation errors, etc., are compressed.
Path after spline interpolation
Tolerance
amount
Commanded
point
Revised
point
For height sensor data

The noncontinuous points caused by the height sensor system's
measurement errors, etc., are revised to make a smooth path.
Path after spline interpolation
(Note)
The block will not stop at the image data compression command point. The block will
stop at the revised point.
277
13.22

(b) Acceleration/deceleration before interpolation and optimum corner deceleration

The speed change during corner
deceleration is smoothed, and the
machining surface accuracy is
improved.
Machining
path
Tangent direction
feedrate
By accelerating/decelerating before interpolation, the machining shape error can be eliminated

with smoothing, and a highly accurate path can be achieved. The speed change can be
smoothed by the S-character filter, the machine vibration can be suppressed, and the surface
accuracy improved.
At the corner, the vector commanded in the machining program is automatically determined,
and the speed is decelerated at the corner. A highly accurate edge can be machined by
decelerating at the corner.
(c) High-accuracy spline interpolation
The command point train smoothed by fairing is spline interpolated. With the spline
interpolation, the next level's feed forward control can be applied more stably and effectively.
Path by spline interpolation
Revised command points
(d) Feed forward control function
Kp
Kv
M
Detector
Kp :
Kv :
M :
S :
Position loop gain

Speed loop gain
Motor
Differential
A stable servo control with an extremely small servo error can be realized using the feed
forward control characteristic to this CNC system.
278
13.23
13.23

High-accuracy Control for Part Machining; G61.5
(1) Outline
This function carries out the machining commanded with linear interpolation or arc interpolation at
a high-accuracy. This function is effective for high accuracy machining of shapes configured of
linear lines and arcs instead of free curves commanded with fine segments.
Function
Cutting feed
Rapid traverse positioning
ACCS control
The block seams is controlled to be smooth and

to improve the machining surface quality.
Pre-interpolatio
n acceleration/
deceleration
Acceleration/deceleration time is reduced using Positioning time for

constant inclination acceleration/deceleration
micro-distances is reduced.
and an S-character filter, and surface accuracy
is improved by suppressing machine vibration.
Optimum corner Neat machining of sharp corners without waste

deceleration
Feed forward
control

Positioning time is reduced

by reducing the tracking lag
error.
(2) Command format

G61.5 ;
The high-accuracy control for the part machining is commanded with G61.5.
The functions in the G61.5 modal are as follow.
(a) ACCS control
The block seams are controlled to be smooth, allowing a favorable surface to be obtained
even during high-speed machining. The operation is controlled so that the shape error caused
by ACCS control is within the tolerance amount (parameter setting range).
1) Optimum deceleration is carried out at the corner.
2) At block stop, the axis may not be over the commanded end point. However, the difference
will be within the tolerance amount range.
(b) Pre-interpolation acceleration/deceleration and optimum corner deceleration
By accelerating/decelerating before
interpolation, the machining shape error
can be eliminated with smoothing, and a
highly accurate path can be achieved. The
speed change can be smoothed by the
S-character filter, the machine vibration
can be suppressed, and the surface
accuracy improved.
At the corner, the vector commanded in
the machining program is automatically
determined, and the speed is decelerated
at the corner. A highly accurate edge can
be machined by decelerating at the corner.
279
The speed change during corner

deceleration is smoothed, and the
machining surface accuracy is
improved.
Tangent direction
feedrate
Machining
path
13.23

When using arc interpolation, the arc radius decrease error is improved as follows.
F
Command path
F
Actual path
Exponential
acceleration/
deceleration
Linear
acceleration/
deceleration
High-accuracy control mode ON
(acceleration/deceleration before
interpolation)
High-accuracy control
mode OFF
(acceleration/decelera-ti
on after interpolation)
R
R
:
:
:
:
Command radius (mm)

Radius error (mm)
Angle error (rad)
Command cutting speed (m/min)
R =
3
1
F 10 2
1
1
2
2
(
Ts + 2 Tp ) (
) (mm)
60
R
2
R =
F 10 2
1
1
1
2
2
(
Ts +
Tp ) (
) (mm)
60
R
24
2
F 10 2
1
. 1
2
2
R =. R (0 + 2 Tp (1 Kf )) (
60 ) (mm)
Ts :
Tp :
Kf :
F :
Time constant of set acceleration/deceleration circuit (s)

Position loop time constant (s)
Feed forward gain (fwd_g)
Real cutting speed (m/min)
(c) Feed forward control

This control is the same as for high-accuracy control of die machining. Stable servo control
with extremely small servo error can be realized.
280

13.24 Program Parameter Input; G10L70/G11
13.24
Program Parameter Input; G10L70/G11
(1) Outline
The parameters designated from the setting and display unit can be changed from the machining
program. The parameter input command is carried out by the parameter setting command after
the data setting command.
(2) Command format
G10
L70
Parameter input command
Pp
Ss
Nn
Aa
Dd ;
Parameter data designation
;
(Parameter data designation)
Address
P
Meaning
Data group No.
(Section No.)
System No.
Data number
(Sub-section No.)
Data sub-No.
(Axis, spindle
number)
Data
G11
Command details
The parameter data's section No. is commanded with a
two-digit value (positive integer) following P.
This is equivalent to the first two digits of the parameter
number.
Set "0" when parameters are common for all systems.
Set the system No. (1 or 2) when parameters must be set for
each system.
The parameter data's data number (characteristic value for
each data) is commanded with a four-digit value (positive
integer) following N.
This is equivalent to the first four digits of the parameter
number.
If the input data is independent for the axis, the independent
data for each control axis (1: 1st axis, 2: 2nd axis, ...) can be
set with the axis number following A. (The number of control
axes is characteristic to each model.)
An alarm will occur if this address is used for axis common
data.
The parameter value is commanded with the value following D.
Parameter input cancel command

(a) The program parameter input function option is required to use this function.
(b) If the same address is commanded two or more times in one block, the latter address will be
valid.
(4) Notes
(a) A program error will occur if this function is commanded when the option is not provided.
(b) A program error will occur if the parameter No. is illegal. A program error will also occur if a
numerical value is set that exceeds the setting range of that parameter.
(c) A program error will occur if an address other than P, A, N, D or S is commanded.
(d) A program error will occur if the program parameter input command is issued during a fixed
cycle modal or radius compensation modal.
(e) Only parameters that are set with decimal numerical values can be set with program
parameter input.
(The value following D is always a decimal, and is always handled as having a decimal point.
Hexadecimal data and character strings cannot be commanded.)
(f) Issue the backlash compensation amount and machine error compensation amount program
parameter input command at the zero point.
281

13.25 Program Compensation Input; G10
13.25
Program Compensation Input; G10
(1) Outline
The tool offset and workpiece offset can be set and changed from tape.
(2) Command format
(a) Workpiece coordinate system compensation input
The workpiece coordinate system value selected with G54 to G59 can be set or changed with
program commands.
The workpiece coordinate setting command format is as follows.
G10
Pp1
L2
Xx1
Parameter change Workpiece coordinate

command
number
Yy1
Zz1
Setting value
(Note) L2 can be omitted. A program error will occur if Pp1 is omitted.

G code
G10
G10
G10
G10
G10
G10
G10
L2
L2
L2
L2
L2
L2
L2
Function
P0
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
External workpiece coordinate system setting

Workpiece coordinate system 1 setting (G54)
(b) Tool compensation input

The tool compensation amount set from the setting and display unit can be input with program
commands.
The tool compensation input format is as follows.
G10
Ll1
Compensation
amount setting
command
Pp1
Compensation
number
Rr1
Compensation
amount
(Note) If Ll1 is omitted, the tool shape compensation amount will be set. A program error will
occur if Pp1 is omitted.
G code
G10
G10
G10
G10
L10
L11
L12
L13
Function
Tool length shape compensation amount setting
Tool length wear compensation amount setting
Tool radius shape compensation amount setting
Tool radius wear compensation amount setting
(c) Expanded workpiece coordinate system compensation input

The values in each workpiece coordinate system selected with G54.1 P1 to P96 can be set or
changed with program commands.
The format for expanded workpiece coordinate system compensation input is as follows.
G10
L20
Pn
Xx
Yy
n = 1 to 96
Zz ;
282

13.25 Program Compensation Input; G10

(a) The program tool compensation input function option is necessary to use this function.
(b) G10 is an unmodal command, and is valid only in the commanded block.
(c) The compensation amount which is commanded is overwritten or added according to the
modal state of the absolute value (G90) / the incremental value (G91).
(d) G10 does not incur movement, but it must not be used with G commands other than G21, G22,
G54 to G59, G90 and G91.
(e) Decimal point inputs are valid for the compensation amount.
(f) The external workpiece coordinate system and workpiece coordinate system compensation
amount are set as the distance from the basic machine coordinate system zero point.
(g) The workpiece coordinate system and workpiece coordinate system offset amount are set as
the distance from the basic machine coordinate system zero point.
(h) L2 can be omitted when inputting the workpiece offset.
(4) Notes
(a) A program error will occur if this function is commanded when the option is not provided.
(b) A program error will occur if an illegal L number or offset number is commanded.
(c) A program error will occur if the offset amount exceeds the maximum command value.
283

13.26 N Number Single Command Skip
13.26
N Number Single Command Skip
(1) Outline
If there is a single sequence number (N number) during cutting feed (G01), or if the sequence No.
is commanded in the same block as the macro control statement, the tool may decelerate at the
block joint, and may cause cutter marks on the machined surface. By validating this function, the
single N number can be skipped to prevent deceleration at the block joint. This realizes a smooth
machining surface.
(2) Example of program
(a) For single N number
N1G90G54X0Y0
N2G00X-10.Y-10. ;
Y
X
G54 (0, 0)
N3G91G43H1Z-50. ;
N4 X-10.Y-5. ;
N4
N5 X-10.Y-5.;
N5
N6
N8 N7
N6 ;
N7;
N9
N8X-10.Y-5. ;
N9X-10.Y-5 ;
Speed
N10G01Z-20.F500 ;
Time
The tool will decelerate at the N6 and N7 blocks.

The N6 and N7 blocks will be skipped when parameter (100132 SEQ NUM single skip) is
turned ON.
N1G90G54X0Y0
N2G00X-10.Y-10. ;
Y
X
G54 (0, 0)
N3G91G43H1Z-50. ;
N4 X-10.Y-5. ;
N4
N5 X-10.Y-5. ;
N6 ;
Skip
N7 ;
Skip
N5
N8
N9
N8X-10.Y-5. ;
N9X-10.Y-5 ;
Speed
N10G01Z-20.F500 ;
Time
284

(b) For N number + macro control statement

N1G90G54X0Y0
N2G00X-10.Y-10. ;
Y
X
G54 (0, 0)
N3G91G43H1Z-50. ;
N4 X-10.Y-5. ;
N4
N5 X-10.Y-5.;
N5
N6
N7
N6
N8
IF[#5023EQ-50.]GOTO9;
N7 X-10.Y-5. ;
Speed
N8 X-10.Y-5 ;
N9 G01Z-20.F500 ;
Time
The axis will decelerate the at the N6 block.

By turning the parameter ON, the program can be executed without decelerating at the N6
block.
N1G90G54X0Y0
N2G00X-10.Y-10. ;
Y
X
G54 (0, 0)
N3G91G43H1Z-50. ;
N4 X-10.Y-5. ;
N4
N5 X-10.Y-5. ;
N5
N6
N8
N9
IF[#5023EQ-50.]GOTO9;
N7 X-10.Y-5. ;
Speed
N8 X-10.Y-5 ;
N9 G01Z-20.F500 ;
Time
(3) Notes
(a) The sequence number on the screen is not updated for a block with a single N number.
Instead, it will be updated at the block containing the next axis address or G code.
(b) Even if the N single block is commanded for compare stop, the operation will not stop, and
instead the program will end.
(c) During graphic check, the N single block will not be skipped regardless of the parameter
settings.
(d) During the high-speed machining modes 1 and 2, the N single block will not be skipped
regardless of the parameter settings.
(e) The sequence number for an N single block can be searched.
(f) The jump destination can be designated with a macro control statement.
(g) When macro signal is ON, single block stop will be executed with the Nn + macro control
statement and Nn + variable command.
285
14. AUTOMATED SUPPORT FUNCTIONS

14.1 High-speed Skip; G31

14.1
High-speed Skip; G31
(1) Outline
If a skip signal is input from an external source during linear interpolation by the G31 command,
the machine feed will stop immediately, the remaining distance will be discarded, and the next
block command will be executed. The feed by the G31 is normally time constant 0ms.
(2) Command format

G31
Skip
command
Xx1
Yy1
Zz1
Command value
Ff1
Feedrate
Skip signal input
Feedrate
Program end point
Actual movement distance
Remaining
distance
Position
Command value

(a) Function
1) The following two types of skip feedrates can be used.
a. If there is an F command in the program, feedrate following program commands.
b. When there is no F command in the program, feedrate following parameter setting.
In either case, the F modal is not updated.
2) Automatic acceleration and deceleration do not apply to the G31 block. The maximum
speed of G31 is determined by the machine specifications.
3) When G31 is commanded, the override is invalid and fixed at 100% if the machine lock is
OFF.
4) The dry run is also invalid. Note that the stop conditions (feed hold, interlock, override zero,
stroke end) are valid. The external speed is also valid.
5) The G31 command is unmodal and so it needs to be assigned each time.
6) If any of the skip singles are input during G31 command start, the G31 command will be
completed immediately. If the skip signal is not input before the G31 block ends, the G31
command will also end at the completion of the movement command.
7) When the G31 command is assigned during radius compensation, program error will occur.
8) When there is no F command in the G31 command and the parameter speed is also zero,
program error will occur.
9) When the automatic machine lock is applied to all axes, the skip signal will be ignored and
execution will continue as far as the end of the block.
286

(b) Skip coordinate readout

The coordinate positions at which the skip signals are entered are stored in system variables
#5061 (1st axis) through #5064 (4th axis). They can therefore be used with the user macros.
:
G90 G00 X-100. ;
G31 X-200. F60 ;
#101 = #5061
:
Skip command
The skip signal input coordinates (workpiece coordinate system)
are read out in variables #101.
(c) G31 coasting

The amount of coasting from the time when the skip signal is input during the G31 command
until the time when the machine stops differs according to the parameter "112210 skip (G31
skip speed)" and F command in G31.
It takes only a short time to start responding to the skip signal until the machine decelerates
and stops. As a result, this enables the machine to stop with a high degree of precision and
with minimal coasting.
The coasting distance to the feed stop is approximately as follows because of the delay in
detecting the skip signal input.
: Coasting amount (mm)
.
F
=. 60 (Tp + t)
F : G31 speed (mm/min)
Tp : Position loop time constant (s) = (position loop gain)1
t : Response delay time = 0.0035 (s)
(d) Skip coordinate readout error
1) Skip signal input coordinate readout
The coasting amount based on the position loop time constant Tp and cutting feed time
constant Ts is not included in the skip signal input coordinate values.
Therefore, these workpiece coordinate values applying when the skip signal is input can be
read out across the error range in the following formula as the skip signal input coordinate
values. However, coasting amount based on response delay time t1 results in a
measurement error and so compensation must be provided.
Readout error (m)
F
= 60 t2
F
t2
: Readout error (mm)

: Feedrate (mm/min)
: Response error time 0.001 (s)
+1
60
Feedrate (mm/min)
-1
Readout error of skip input coordinates

Measurement value comes
within shaded section.
Readout error with a 60mm/min feedrate is:
= 60 0.001
60
= 0.001 (mm)
Measurement values is within readout error range of 1m.
287

2) Readout of other coordinates

The readout coordinate values include the coasting amount. When coordinate values are
required with skip signal input, refer to "(C) G31 coasting" included in (3) of this section and
compensate. As in the case of 1), the coasting amount based on the delay error time t2
cannot be calculated, and this generates a measuring error.
3) Examples of compensating for coasting amount
a. Compensating for skip signal input coordinates
~
#110 = Skip feedrate;

#111 = Response delay
time t1;
G31 X100. F100 ;

G04 ;
#101 = #5061 ;
#102 = #110 #111/60 ;
#105 = #101 #102 ;
Skip command
Machine stop check
Skip signal input

coordinate readout
Coasting amount based
on response delay time
Skip signal input
coordinates
b. Compensating for workpiece coordinates

~
#110 = Skip feedrate;

#111 = Response delay
time t1;
#112 = Position loop time
constant Tp;
G31 X100. F100 ;

G04 ;
#101 = #5061 ;
#102 = #110 #111/60 ;
#103 = #110 #112/60 ;
#105 = #101 #102 #103;
~
288
Skip command
Machine stop check
Skip signal input coordinate
readout
Coasting amount based on
response delay time
Coasting amount based on
position loop time constant
Skip signal input
coordinates

14.2 Multi-step Skip; G31.1 to G31.4
14.2
Multi-step Skip; G31.1 to G31.4
(1) Outline
By designating the combination of skip signals input from the external source, the program can be
skipped at those conditions. The skip signals that can be used are 1 to 8.
When measuring, multi-step skip can be used to shorten the measurement time by changing the
speed in stages.
Command the skip speed with the command speed F or a parameter. Note that the F modal is not
updated.
There are two multi-skip command formats differing by the method that the skip signal
combination is designating.
When the skip signal is input with the preset conditions during dwell, the remaining dwell time will
be canceled.
Skip input signal
Feedrate
Program end point

Position
Actual movement distance
Remaining
distance
Command value
(2) Command format

(a) Method 1
Designate the skip signal combination with parameters for each skip command (G31.1, G31.2,
G31.3, G31.4). When one of the signals in the combination is input, the skip operation takes
place.
G31.n
Skip
command
(n=1,2,3,4)
Xx1
Yy1
Zz1
Command value and

target coordinate value
2
1: Follows G94/G95.
2: Follows G90/G91.
Ff1 ;
Feedrate
1
(b) Method 2
The skip signals that can be used are 1 to 8. Which of these to be used is designated with P in
the program. When one of the combination signals is completely input, the skip operation
takes place.
When there is no P command, the normal skip command will be applied.
G31.n
Skip
command
Xx1
Yy1
Zz1
Pp
Command value and

Skip signal
target coordinate value 2 command
Ff1 ;
Feedrate
1
1: Follows G94/G95.
2: Follows G90/G91.
(c) Dwell skip

Skip can be applied in respect to dwell. The remaining dwell time is canceled by the skip
conditions set with parameters, and the dwell command and the next block will be executed.
Even during dwell (speed designation), the remaining rotation speed can be canceled by the
skip conditions, and the next block will be executed in the same manner.
G04
Xx ;
Dwell
command
Dwell time 1
1: Follows G94/G95.
289

(3) Operation example

(a) Method 1
By using multi-step skip, the measurement can be carried out while reducing the speed in
stages, instead of feeding at a set speed, to the measurement point. This allows the
measurement time to be shortened.
Parameter setting
Skip condition (Valid skip signal)
G31.1:7 (Valid skip signal 3, 2, 1)
G31.2:3 (Valid skip signal 2, 1)
G31.3:1 (Valid skip signal 1)
Program
N10 G31.1 X200.0;
N20 G31.2 X40.0;
N30 G31.3 X1.0
Skip speed
20.0mm/min(f1)
5.0mm/min(f2)
1.0mm/min(f3)
f
Operation
N10
(f1)
Measurement
distance
(f2)
N20
(f3)
N30
t
Skip signal 3 input

Skip signal 2 input
Skip signal 1 input
(Note) If the skip signal 1 is input before the skip signal 2 during execution of N20 above,
N20 will be skipped at that point, and M30 will end immediately.
(a) Skip feedrate
The skip feedrate is commanded with the program command or with parameters.
1) When there is an F command in the program, the feedrate will follow the program
command.
2) When there is no F command in the program, the feedrate will follow the parameter
settings.
Refer to the Parameter Manual for details on the parameters.
Note that in either case, the F modal will not be updated.
If there is no F command in the G31.n command and the parameter speed is "0", the program
error "PR0603 Skip speed 0" will occur.
(b) Skip conditions
The skip conditions are commanded with the program command or parameters.
1) Method 1 or dwell skip
The skip signal combinations are designated with the parameters, and when even one of
the combination signals is input, the skip operation will take place.
Refer to the Parameter Manual for details on the parameters.
Refer to the following table for the relation of the skip conditions and valid signals.
2) Method 2
The skip signal combination is designated with the P following G31. When even one of the
combination signals is input, the skip operation will take place.
Command P in the range of 1 to 255. If the command range is exceeded, the program error
"PR0035 Address range over" will occur. When commanded with a decimal, the value after
the decimal point will be ignored.
Refer to the following table for the relation of the P value and valid signals.
290

Skip signal
command P
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
:
253
254
255
Valid skip signal

6
5
4
3
291

14.3 Automatic Tool Length Measurement; G37
14.3
Automatic Tool Length Measurement; G37
(1) Outline
By using G37, the tool length can be automatically measured with program commands.
When this command is issued, the tool end is moved to the tool measurement position. When the
sensor is contacted, the tool immediately stops, and the remaining commands are canceled. At
the same time, the difference of the coordinate value when measurement point is reached and the
G37 start position is calculated, and registered as the tool length compensation amount.
(2) Command format
G37
Zz1
Measurement
command
Command
value
Z:
R:
D:
F:
Rr1
Dd1
Ff1
Deceleration Measurement Feedrate

region
region
Measurement axis address and measurement position coordinate value

Distance between point for starting movement at measurement speed and
measurement position
Range for tool to stop
Measurement speed
If R_, D_, and F_ are omitted, the values set in the parameters will be used.
(a) Example of execution and operation
Program example
Reference point (Z0)
Tool
G28
T01 ;
M06
G43
G37
Tool
length
Z0 ;
T02 ;
G00 Z0 H01 ;
Z-300. R10. D2. F10 ;
Here, H01 (H01=TLM+Za1-Z0) is calculated as the

tool length compensation amount, and is registered
in the tool compensation table.
Movement
amount by
tool length
measurement
Z0
A region
A region
: Move with G0
B1, B2 region
: Move at measurement feedrate
B1 region
: Error when sensor signal is input
B2 region
: Error when sensor signal is not input
Tool length
measurement point
(Za1)
B1
region
Sensor
r1
f1
B2
region
d1
Z1
d1
292

14.3 Automatic Tool Length Measurement; G37
1) The sensor signal (measuring position arrival signal) is used in common with the skip signal.
2) The feedrate will be 1mm/min if the F command and parameter measurement speed are 0.
3) An updated offset amount is valid from the Z axis (measurement axis) command following the
G37 command.
4) Excluding the values applying at the PLC side, the delay or fluctuations in the sensor signal
processing range from 0 to 0.2ms at the NC system side only.
Therefore, a measuring error will arise as follows:
Maximum measuring error [mm] = Measuring speed [mm/min] 1/60 0.2 [ms]/1000
5) The machine position coordinates are read by sensor signal detection, and the machine will
overtravel and stop at a position equivalent to the servo droop.
Maximum overtravel [mm] = Measuring speed [mm/min] 1/60 1/Position loop gain [1/s].
6) The standard position loop gain is 33 [1/s].
7) When the current tool length offset amount is zero, it will be interpreted as a new measurement,
and the length dimension will be compensated.
8) When the tool length offset amount is not zero and there is a distinction between the length
dimensions and length wear, the length wear will be compensated. If there is no distinction, the
length dimensions will be compensated.
(4) Notes
(a) A program error will occur when any axis is not commanded in the G37 block or when two or
more axes have been commanded.
(b) A program error will occur if the H code is not commanded in the G37 block.
(c) Command G37 as a pair with the G43H_ command that designates the compensation number.
A program error will occur if G43H_ is not commanded before the G37 block.
(d) A program error will occur when the sensor signal was input outside the allowable measuring
range or when the sensor signal was not detected even when the tool arrived at the end point.
(e) When manual interrupt has been applied during movement at the measuring speed, return to
the position prior to interrupt and then operation must be resumed.
(f) The data commanded in G37 or the parameter setting data must meet the following
conditions:
| Measurement point start point | > R command or parameter r > D command or parameter d
(g) When the D command and parameter d in (f) above are zero, operation will be completed
normally only when the commanded measurement point and sensor signal detection point
coincide. Otherwise, program error will result.
(h) When the R and D commands as well as parameters r and d in (f) above are all zero, a
program error will occur regardless of whether the sensor signal is present or not after
positioning at the commanded measurement point.
293
15.1
15. PROTECTION FUNCTIONS

Pre-movement Stroke Check; G22/G23

15.1
(1) Outline
By commanding the boundaries from the program with coordinate values on the machine
coordinate system, machine entry into that boundary can be prohibited. This can be set only for
the three basic axes.
While the normal stored stroke limit stops entry before the prohibited area, this function causes a
program error before movement to the block if a command exceeding the valid movement area is
issued.
G code
Function
G22
G23
Pre-movement stroke check ON

Pre-movement stroke check OFF
(2) Command format

The G22 command format is as follows.
(Note) In the following command format, the basic axes are X, Y and Z. If the basic axis name
differs, command the point 1 coordinate command address with the basic axis name.
The inner side of the boundary commanded with the point 1 coordinate and point 2 coordinate is
the prohibited area.
If the command is omitted, "0" will be set for the address.
Xx1
G22
Pre-movement
stroke check ON
Yy1
Zz1
Point 1 coordinate
Ii1
Jj1
Kk1
Point 2 coordinate
The G23 command format is as follows.

G23
Pre-movement
stroke cancel

The area designated with this function is different from the area designated with the stored stroke
limit. However, the area enabled by both functions will be the actual valid movement range.
Machine valid movement range
Point 3
Machine coordinate
system
Point 1 (XYZ)
Entry prohibited
area by G22
Point 2 (IJI)
Point 4
-setting value
Entry prohibited area
The point 1 and 2 values are

commanded with coordinate values
on the machine coordinate system.
Points 3 and 4 are the outer side
stroke limit set with stored stroke
limit (I or II).
+setting
value
(Note) The upper limit value and lower limit value (points 1 and 2 in the above drawing) are
commanded with coordinate values on the machine coordinate system.
294
15.1

(4) Restrictions
(a) This function is valid only when starting the automatic operation. When interrupted with
manual absolute OFF, the prohibited area will also be shifted by the interrupted amount.
(b) An error will occur during stroke check if the start point or end point is in the prohibited area.
(c) Stroke check will not be carried out for axes having the same value set for point 1 and point
2.
(d) The stroke check is carried out with the tool center coordinate values.
(e) If G23X_Y_Z_; etc., is commanded, the command will be interpreted as G23;X_Y_Z;. Thus,
after the pre-movement stroke check is canceled, movement will take place with the previous
movement modal.
(f) During automatic reference point return, the check will not be carried out between the
intermediate point and zero point. With G29, when moving between the start point and
intermediate point, the check will not be carried out.
(g) If there is an address not used in one block, the warning "PRW0004 Unused address exists"
will occur.
(h) When the basic axis is set as a rotary-type rotation axis, the prohibited area will change from
0 to 360 in the same manner as the movement command.
If the setting extends over "0", the side containing "0" will be the check area. (Refer to the
example below.)
Example
1) G22 Z45. K315.
: Stroke check area 45. Z 315.
2) G22 Z115. K45. : Stroke check area 225. Z 315.

3) G22 Z45. K45.
1)
45
: Stroke check area 0. Z 45., 315. Z 360.
2)
3)
45
0
360
0
360
315
-115
225
-45
315
295
-45
315
Shaded area: Check area
APPENDIX 1. LIST OF VARIABLE NUMBERS

: Reading/writing possible
: Writing not possible
: Unrelated to reading/writing
Variable
No. (#)
0
1 to 33
Details
Read Write
Blank
Local variable
#
Argument
address
10
11
12
13 14 to 26 27 to 33
10 to 27 28 29
N to Z
Argument designation II
#
Argument
address
100 to 199
500 to 999
450 to 499
1000 to
1031
1032 to
1041
1100 to
1131
1132 to
1141
I1
J1
K1
I2
J2
K2 I3 to K8
I9
J9
30
31
32
33
K9 I10 J10 K10
Common variable
100 sets: 100 to 149, 500 to 549
200 sets: 100 to 199, 500 to 599
300 sets: 100 to 199, 500 to 699
600 sets: 100 to 199, 500 to 999
Machine maker macro variables (Can be used only in machine maker macro
program.)
Macro I/F input
#
Details
#
Details
1000 Register R 124 bit0
1034 Register R 128, R 129
to
1035 Register R 130, R 131
1036 Register R 140, R 141
1037 Register R 142, R 143
to
1038 Register R 144, R 145
1039 Register R 146, R 147
1032 Register R 124, R 125
1040 Register R 148, R 149
1033 Register R 126, R 127
1041 Register R 150, R 151
Macro I/F output
#
Details
to
to
1132 Register R 24, R 25
1133 Register R 26, R 27
#
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
Details
Register R 28, R 29
Register R 30, R 31
Register R 40, R 41
Register R 42, R 43
Register R 44, R 45
Register R 46, R 47
Register R 48, R 49
Register R 50, R 51
(Note) Variables compatible with additional specifications can be used when those additional
specifications have been added.
296
Variable
No. (#)
1900
1901
3000
Machining parameter
C axis rotation radius
Machining parameter
C axis insertion radius
NC alarm (alarm display in the macro program)
3001
3002
3003
3004
3006
Cumulative time 1
Cumulative time 2
Control of single block stop and miscellaneous function finish signal wait
Feed hold, feedrate override, G09 valid/invalid
Message display/stop (message display in the macro program, block stop)
3007
3008
3009
3011
3012
4001 to
4520
Mirror image
Miscellaneous function lock state
Miscellaneous function lock invalid
Clock (year/month/day)
Clock (hour/min./sec.)
Modal information
Details
Modal information Pre-read

G code (group 1)
to
G code (group 19)
Tool nose radius
compensation No. D
Feedrate F
Tool length offset
No. H
5001 to
5114
4001
4019
4107
4109
4111
Read Write
Execut-i
Modal
Pre-re Execut-i Inter-r
Interrupt
ng
information
ad
ng
upt
4201
4401
M code
4113
4313
4513
N code
4114
4314
4514
4219
4419
O code
4115
4315
4515
S code
4119
4319
4519
4307
4507
T code
4120
4320
4520
4309
4509
4311
4511
Position information
Axis
1st axis
Position
information
Block end point
5001
Machine coordinates
5021
Workpiece coordinates
5041
Skip coordinates
5061
Tool position offset amount
5081
Servo deviation amount
5101
2nd axis
3rd axis
4th axis
5th axis to
14th axis
5002
5022
5042
5062
5082
5102
5003
5023
5043
5063
5083
5103
5004
5024
5044
5064
5084
5104
5005 to 5014
5025 to 5034
5045 to 5054
5065 to 5074
5085 to 5094
5105 to 5114
(Note) Variables compatible with additional specifications can be used when those additional
specifications have been added.
297
Variable
No. (#)
5201 to
5334
7001 to
8914
10001
to18040
2001 to
2940
Details
Read Write
Workpiece coordinate offset

Axis
Workpiece
EXT
G54
G55
G56
G57
G58
G59
G54.1
P1
to
G54.1
P96
1st axis
2nd axis
3rd axis
4th axis
5th axis to
14th axis
5201
5221
5241
5261
5281
5301
5321
7001
:
8901
5202
5222
5242
5262
5282
5302
5322
7002
:
8902
5203
5223
5243
5263
5283
5303
5323
7003
:
8903
5204
5224
5244
5264
5284
5304
5324
7004
:
8904
5205 to 5214
5225 to 5234
5245 to 5254
5265 to 5274
5285 to 5294
5305 to 5314
5325 to 5334
7005 to 7014
:
8905 to 8914
Tool offset
The tool data can be read and a value can be substituted using the variable
number.
Either the #10000 address or #2000 address variables can be used.
The last three digits of the variable number correspond to the tool offset
number.
Variable number range
#10001 to #10000 + n
#2001 to #2000 + n
Type I
#11001 to #11000 + n
#2201 to #2200 + n
#16001 to #16000 + n
#2401 to #2400 + n
#17001 to #17000 + n
#2601 to #2600 + n
Type II
n: Number of compensation sets

Standard 40 sets
Additional specifications 800 sets
The tool offset data is the same as other variables, and is data with decimal
points. Thus, when substituting data less than the decimal point, command
the decimal point.
(Note) Variables compatible with additional specifications can be used when those additional specifications
have been added.
298
2.1
APPENDIX 2. FIXED CYCLE PROGRAM

Parameters for Fixed Cycle Program Operation

The subprograms in the standard fixed cycles G73, G74, G76 and G81 to G89 can be input/output
and edited.
It is also possible to create separate subprograms, and use G70, G71, G72, G75, G77, G78 and G79
as user fixed cycles.
These subprograms can also be input/output and edited.
Caution
Do not change fixed cycle programs without the prior approval of the machine manufacturer.
2.1
Parameters for Fixed Cycle Program Operation
The "INPUT/OUTPUT SCREEN" and "EDIT" screens are used to input/output and edit subprogram
data for each G70 to G89 fixed cycle, the same as the operation for normal user-created machining
programs. However, the parameter (basic common parameter 110007 Fix_P) must be set beforehand.
(1) Turn ON the parameters for fixed cycle operation.
(1)
Display the BASIC COMMON

PARAMETER SCREEN of
the machine parameters.
(2)
Set "1" to the parameter

"110007 Fix_P".
1
INPUT
The "INPUT/OUTPUT SCREEN" and "EDIT" screens

are dedicated for fixed cycle program operation while
this parameter is valid.
(The machining programs handled here become fixed
cycle control programs.)
Only fixed cycle programs are displayed in the
program list.
(Note 1) Set "0" to the parameter "110007 Fix_P" after the operations related to fixed cycle
programs are finished. (This enables the normal user created machining programs to be
operated.) This parameter is set to "0" when the power is turned ON.
299

2.2 Input/Output of Fixed Cycle Programs
2.2
Input/Output of Fixed Cycle Programs
The fixed cycle programs are transferred (input/output with external devices) on the INPUT/OUTPUT
SCREEN. Confirm that the fixed cycle operation parameter "110007 Fix_P" on the BASIC COMMON
PARAMETER SCREEN is set to "1".
The operation method is the same as that for transferring user machining programs.
(1) Input (external device memory)
The operation method is the same as that for user machining programs.
Generally, 12 groups of fixed cycle subprograms configure one set. Thus, when inputting, it is
convenient to create types that can be continuously input.
When the data transfer starts, the message "Transferring" is displayed. When the EOR code is
read, the data transfer finishes and the message "Transfer complete" is displayed.
After inputting, use the program list and EDIT screen to confirm that the data was correctly
registered.
(2) Output (memory external device)
The registered fixed cycle programs can be output one at a time or as a batch of programs.
When the data transfer starts, the message "Transferring" is displayed. When the EOR code is
read, the data transfer finishes and the message "Transfer complete" is displayed.
After outputting, verify the data to confirm that there are no output errors.
(3) Erasure
The registered fixed cycle programs can be erased one at a time or as a batch of continuous
programs.
Set the device, directory and No. of the program to be erased in setting column A. When erasing a
batch of continuous programs, set the range of program Nos. to be erased.
The message "Erase complete" is displayed if the data erasure process finishes normally.
If some files that could not be erased remain after a batch of programs is erased, the message
"Erase ended. Some file not erased" is displayed.
300

2.3 Standard Fixed Cycle Programs
2.3
Standard Fixed Cycle Programs

G81 (O100000810)
Drill, spot drill

Fixed cycle block 1 movement command.
Check for fixed cycle invalidity.
G. 1 ;
IF [#30] GOTO1 ;
G0 Z#2 G#6 H#7 ;
#2 = ##5
#3003 = #8 OR 1 ;
G1 Z#3 ;
#3003 = #8 ;
G0 Z #3 #2 ;
N1 M99%
G82 (O100000820)
Inhibit single block stop.

Retract.
Drill, counter boring

G. 1 ;
IF [#30] GOTO1 ;
G0 Z#2 G#6 H#7 ;
#2 = ##5
#3003 = #8 OR 1 ;
G1 Z#3 ;
IF [#4 EQ #0] GOTO5 ;
G4 P#4 ;
N5 #3003 = #8 ;
G0 Z #3 #2 ;
N1 M99%
G83 (O100000830)

Dwell.
Retract.
Deep hole drill cycle
G. 1 ;
IF [#30] GOTO2 ;
#29 = #11
#28 = 0 ;
G0 Z#2 G#6 H#7 ;
#2 = ##5
#3003 = #8 OR 1 ;
DO 1 ;
#28 = #28 #11
#26 = #28 #29
Z#26 ;
IF [ABS [#28] GE [ABS [#3] ] ] GOTO 1 ;

Define the cutting amount.
Initialize the return amount (total cutting amount).

Define the return amount of the next block.
Calculate the feed amount.
Feed.
Does the total cutting amount (return amount)
exceed the cut amount?
Cutting feed.
(Continued on the next page)
G1 Z#29 ;
301

(Continued from the previous page)
G0 Z#28 ;
#29 = #11 + #14 ;
END1 ;
N1 G1 Z#3 #26 ;
#3003 = #8 ;
G0 Z #3 #2 ;
N2 M99%
G84 (O100000840)
Retract.
Define the cutting amount for block 2 and after.
Cutting feed
Retract.
Tap cycle
G. 1 ;
IF [#30] GOTO1 ;
G0 Z#2 G#6 H#7 ;
#2 = ##5
#3003 = #8 OR 1 ;
#3004 = #9 OR 3 ;
G1 Z#3 ;
IF [#4 EQ #0] GOTO5 ;
G4 P#4 ;
N5 M4 ;
#3900 = 1 ;
G1 Z #3 ;
#3004 = #9 ;
IF [#4 EQ #0] GOTO6 ;
G4 P#4 ;
N6 M3 ;
#3003 = #8 ;
G0 Z #2 ;
N1 M99%
G85 (O100000850)

Invalidate feed hold/override.
Dwell.
Rotate the spindle reversely.
Dwell.
Rotate the spindle forward.
Retract.
Boring 1
G. 1 ;
IF [#30] GOTO1 ;
G0 Z#2 G#6 H#7 ;
#2 = ##5
#3003 = #8 OR 1 ;
G1 Z#3 ;
#3003 = #8 ;
Z #3 ;
G0 Z #2 ;
N1 M99%
Retract.
302

G86 (O100000860)
Boring 2
G. 1 ;
IF [#30] GOTO1 ;
G0 Z#2 G#6 H#7 ;
#2 = ##5
#3003 = #8 OR 1 ;
G1 Z#3 ;
IF [#4 EQ #0] GOTO5 ;
G4 P#4 ;
N5 M5 ;
G0 Z #3 #2 ;
#3003 = #8 ;
M3 ;
N1 M99%
G87 (O100000870)

Dwell.
Stop the spindle.
Retract.
Back boring
G. 1 ;
IF [#30] GOTO1 ;
#3003 = #8 OR 1 ;
#26 = #30064 + #30074 ;
#28 = #12 COS [#26] + #13 SIN [#26] ;
#29 = #13 COS [#26] #12 SIN [#26] ;
M19 ;
X#28 Y#29 ;
#3003 = #8 ;
G0 Z#2 G#6 H#7 ;
#3003 = #8 OR 1 ;
G1 X #28 Y #29 ;
#3003 = #8 ;
M3 ;
#3003 = #8 OR 1 ;
Z#3 ;
M19 ;
G0 X#28 Y#29 ;
Z #2 #3 ;
#3003 = #8 ;
X #28 Y #29 ;
M3 ;
N1 M99%
303

Orient the spindle.

Cancel single block stop inhibition.
Orient the spindle.
Shift.
G87 is not affected by the G98 or G99 modal.
Shift.

G88 (O100000880)
Boring 3
G. 1 ;
IF [#30] GOTO1 ;
G0 Z#2 G#6 H#7 ;
#2 = ##5
#3003 = #8 OR 1 ;
G1 Z#3 ;
IF [#4 EQ #0] GOTO5 ;
G4 P#4 ;
N5 #3003 = #8 ;
M5 ;
#3003 = #8 OR 1 ;
G0 Z #3 #2 ;
#3003 = #8 ;
M3 ;
N1 M99%
G89 (O100000890)
Dwell.
Rotate the spindle forward
Retract.
Boring 4
G. 1 ;
IF [#30] GOTO1 ;
G0 Z#2 G#6 H#7 ;
#2 = ##5
#3003 = #8 OR 1 ;
G1 Z#3 ;
IF [#4 EQ #0] GOTO5 ;
G4 P#4 ;
N5 #3003 = #8 ;
Z #3 ;
G0 Z #2 ;
N1 M99%
Dwell.
Retract.
304

G73 (O100000730)
Step cycle
G. 1 ;
IF [#30] GOTO2 ;
#29 = 0
#28 = #11
G0 Z#2 G#6 H#7 ;
#2 = ##5
#3003 = #8 OR 1 ;
DO 1 ;
#29 = #29 + #11 ;
IF [ABS [#29] GE [ABS [#3] ] ] GOTO1 ;
N5
N1
N6
N2
G1 Z#28 ;
IF [#4 EQ #0] GOTO5 ;
G4 P#4 ;
G0 Z #14 ;
#28 = #11 + #14 ;
END1 ;
G1 Z#3 #29 + #28 ;
IF [#4 EQ #0] GOTO6 ;
G4 P#4 ;
#3003 = #8 ;
G0 Z #3 #2 ;
M99%
G74 (O100000740)

Initialize the total cutting amount.
Define the cutting amount.

Increment the total cutting amount counter.
Does the total cutting amount exceed the cut
amount Z?
Cutting feed
Dwell.
Retract.
Define the cutting amount for block 2 and after.
Cutting feed
Dwell.
Retract.
Reverse tap cycle

G. 1 ;
IF [#30] GOTO1 ;
G0 Z#2 G#6 H#7 ;
#2 = ##5
#3003 = #8 OR 1 ;
#3004 = #9 OR 3 ;
G1 Z#3 ;
IF [#4 EQ #0] GOTO5 ;
G4 P#4 ;
N5 M3 ;
#3900 = 1 ;
Z #3 ;
#3004 = #9 ;
IF [#4 EQ #0] GOTO6 ;
G4 P#4 ;
N6 M4 ;
#3003 = #8 ;
G0 Z #2 ;
N1 M99%

Invalidate feed hold/override.
Dwell.
Dwell.
Rotate the spindle reversely.
Retract.
305

G76 (O100000760)
Fine boring
IF [#30] GOTO1 ;
G. 1 ;
IF [#30] GOTO1 ;
G0 Z#2 G#6 H#7 ;
#2 = ##5
#26 = #30064 + #30074 ;
#28 = #12 COS [#26] + #13 SIN [#26] ;
#29 = #13 COS [#26] #12 SIN [#26] ;
#3003 = #8 OR 1 ;
G1 Z#3 ;
M19 ;
X#28 Y#29 ;
G0 Z #3 #2 ;
#3003 = #8 ;
X #28 Y #29 ;
M3 ;
N1 M99%
306


Orient the spindle.
Shift.
Retract.
Shift.

2.4 Fixed Cycle Variables
2.4
Fixed Cycle Variables
(1) Hole drilling fixed cycle variables

Variable
No.
#0
#1
#2
#3
#4
#5
#6
#7
#8
#9
#10
#11
#12
#13
#14
#15
#16
#17
#18
#19
#20
#21
#22 to #25
#26 to #29
Command
address
R_
P_
G43/G44/G49
H_
#3003
#3004
Z_
Q_
I_
J_
Parameter
D_
R_
Z_
Q_
I_
J_
K_
Contents
Null data
Between I and R point distance
R point positioning amount (incremental)
Total cutting amount (incremental)
Dwell time
R point/initial point (G99=0/G98=1)
Tool length offset G code
Tool length offset No.
System variable #3003 copy
System variable #3004 copy
Absolute value of command value Z (only when an absolute
value is commanded, this variable can be set.)
Cutting amount/shift amount (incremental)
Shift amount [horizontal axis] (incremental)
Shift amount [vertical axis] (incremental)
G73 return amount/G83 clearance amount
User release variable
System reserve (do not use)
Temporary variable
(2) Fixed cycle common variables

Variable
No.
#30
#31
#32
#33
#34
#35
#36
#37
#38
#39 to #48
#49 to #69
#70 to #98
#99
Command
address
Contents
Axis, R, Z command present/absent flag
Command axis address flag
Incremental/absolute value flag
1st axis data
2nd axis data
3rd axis data
4th axis data
5th axis data
6th axis data
Special fixed cycle variable
Temporary variable
System reserve
Control unit
(Note1) Do not write in #0 to #14, #39 to #48 and #99.

(Note2) Do not use (read and write in) #22 to #25, #30 to #38 and #70 to #98, because these
variables are controlled by system side.
307
APPENDIX 3. LIST OF ALARMS

3.1 Program Errors

3.1
Program Errors
These alarms occur during automatic operation, and the causes of these alarm are mainly program
errors which occur, for instance, when mistakes have been made in the preparation of the machining
programs or when programs conform to the NC specification have not been prepared. (The error No.
and message appear on the screen.)
Error No.
Message
Details
Remedy
PR0001
Mode mismatch
Automatic start was attempted in Match the operation mode with

a mode different from that of the
that of the searched device,
device for which operation search
then retry automatic start.
was performed.
PR0002
Search during auto

operation
A search was attempted during

program operation.
Execute the search after the

program operation has finished.
PR0003
Device invalid
A nonexistent or inoperable
device was designated.
Check the device availability

and whether it is usable.
PR0004
No file designation
A program file has not been

designated.
Reconsider the program.
PR0005
No file
The designated program file does Reconsider the program.

not exist.
PR0006
No N/B number
The designated sequence No. (or Reconsider the program.

program No.) does not exist, or a
block having the designated block
No. does not exist.
PR0010
No. of simultaneous
axes over
The number of axis addresses

commanded in the same block
exceeds the specifications.
Divide the alarm block

command into two.
Check the specifications.
PR0011
Illegal axis address
The axis address commanded by Revise the axis names in the

the program and the axis address
program.
set by the parameter do not match.
PR0020
Division error
An axis command that cannot be Reconsider the program.

divided by the command unit was
issued.
PR0032
Illegal address
An address not listed in the

specifications has been
designated.
Check and revise the program

address.
PR0033
Format error
The command format in the

program is not correct.
PR0034
Illegal G code
A G code not listed in the

specifications has been used.
Check and correct the G code

address in the program.
PR0035
Address range over
The setting range for the

addresses has been exceeded.
PR0036
Program end error
"EOR" has been read during tape Reconsider the program.

and memory operation.
M02 and M30 are not entered at
the end of the program.
M99 is not entered at the end of
the subprogram. (Or, G23 or G68
is not entered at the end of the
subprogram when it is compliant
with an M2/M0 format.)
308

3.1 Program Errors
Error No.
PR0037
Message
Details
Label and N number Zero has been designated for a

zero
program number or sequence
number.
Remedy
The program numbers are
designated across a range from
1 to 99999999.
The sequence numbers are
designated across a range from
1 to 99999.
PR0038
No additional Op
block skip
"/n" has been issued even though Check the specifications.

there are no optional block skip
addition specifications.
PR0039
No EOB
There was no EOB code at the

end of the program block, and an
EOR (%) code resulted.
PR0040
Unused address
exists
More address than those that can Reconsider the program.

be simultaneously commanded in
one block were commanded.
Number of simultaneous
commands in one block:
M = maximum 4 commands,
other than M = 1
PR0041
Overlap G code
exists
Multiple G codes were

commanded in the same group.
PR0042
Meaningless H code An H command other than H0

was commanded independently
during tool length offset.
PR0043
No end point
operation in arc
The end point coordinate

command has not been issued for
the R-designated arc.
PR0050
No inch/mm spec.
A command has been issued with Check the specifications.

a G code for inch/mm conversion
even though there is no inch/mm
conversion G code specifications.
PR0060
Compensation
length over
The commanded movement

distance is excessive. (It exceeds
231)
PR0061
No 1-direction
positioning spec.
The G60 command has been

issued even though there is no
uni-direction positioning
specifications.
No F command
The feedrate command has not

been entered.
Designate an F command in the

program.
PR0062
This alarm occurs because the

movement modal command is set
to G01 when the power is turned
ON, and so movement will be
based on the G1 command,
provided that a movement
command is issued, even without
G01 having been designated in
the program.
309
Use an EOB code at the end of

the program block.
Change the G60 program

command to G00.

3.1 Program Errors
Error No.
Message
Details
Remedy
PR0063
No high speed mode The high speed mode command

spec.
has been issued even though
there are no specifications.
PR0070
Arc end point

deviation large
Check the numerical values of

the addresses that specify the
start and end points as well as
the arc center in the program.
There is an error in the arc start

and end points as well as in the
arc center.
Check the "+" and "" directions

of the address numerical
values.
PR0071
Can't calculate arc

center
The arc center is not calculated

during R-specified circular
interpolation.
Check the numerical values of

the addresses in the program.
PR0072
No heircal spec.
A helical command was issued

even though there are no helical
specifications.
Three axes were commanded for

the arc command.
If this is not a helical command,

move the linear axes command
to the next block.
A spiral command was issued

despite the fact that such a
command does not exist in the
specifications.
The G02.1 and G03.1

commands are issued for
circular interpolation.
PR0073
No scroll spec.
Check the spiral specifications.
PR0080
No hypothetic axis
spec.
A hypothetical axis command

Check the hypothetical axis
(G07) was issued despite the fact
specifications.
that such a command does not
Change the G07 command.
exist in the specifications.
PR0090
No thread cutting
spec.
A thread cutting command was

issued despite the fact that such a
specifications.
PR0093
Screw pitch err
The thread lead (thread pitch) is

incorrect.
Correctly set the thread lead.
PR0100
No cylinder
interpolation spec.
Cylindrical interpolation was

commanded even though there
are no cylindrical interpolation
specifications.
PR0101
Cylinder mode error
A command not permitted with the Reconsider the machining

cylindrical mode was issued.
program.
PR0110
Plane selected
during pattn rot
A plane selection command (G17, Delete the plane selection

G18, G19) has been issued in a
command (G17, G18, G19)
pattern rotation command.
from the pattern rotation
subprogram.
PR0111
Coord rotation plane A plane selection command (G17, Upon completion of the G68
selection
G18, G19) has been issued in a
command, the plane selection
coordinate rotation command
command must be issued
(G68).
following the G69 command
(coordinate rotation cancel).
(For the program based on the
M2/M0 format, the coordinate
rotation command is G68.1 and
the coordinate rotation cancel
command is G69.1.)
310

3.1 Program Errors
Error No.
Message
Details
Remedy
PR0112
Plane selected
during R compen
A plane selection command (G17, Issue the plane selection

G18, G19) has been issued when
command after the tool radius
the tool radius compensation
compensation command has
command (G41, G42) is issued.
been completed (issue the G40
cancel command.)
PR0120
No synchronous
feed spec.
Synchronous feed was

commanded even though there are Change the synchronous feed
no synchronous feed
command (G95) to a feed per
specifications.
minute command (G94).
(Also change the F command
value.)
PR0121
In F0 arc modal
mode
The F0 command (F1-digit rapid Rapid traverse cannot be

traverse command) has issued
commanded and so any
when the circular interpolation
F1-digit command except F0
command (G02, G03) was issued
should be designated for the
during the F1-digit feed
circular interpolation command.
command.
Issue the G0 or G1 command
unless the block which caused
the alarm is the circular
command block.
PR0122
No auto corner
override spec.
An automatic corner override

command (G62) was issued
despite the fact that such a
specifications.
Check the specifications. Delete

the G62 command from the
program.
PR0124
No G93 spec.
The inverse time feed option is

not provided.
PR0125
G93 mode error
A G command that cannot be

commanded in the G93 mode
was issued. Or, the G93 was
commanded in a mode incapable
of inverse time feed.
PR0140
No t-pos offset
The tool position compensation

option is not provided.
PR0141
T-pos during
pat/cood rot
Tool position compensation was Reconsider the program.

attempted during figure rotation or
program coordinate rotation.
PR0142
T-pos offset G3 error An arc command with which

position compensation is not
possible was issued.
PR0150
No nose radius
compensation
A tool radius compensation

command (G41, G42) has been
issued even though such a
specifications.
Check the tool radius

compensation specification.
PR0151
Radius compen in
arc modal
A compensation command (G40,

G41, G42, G43, G44) has been
issued in the arc modal (G02,
G03).
Issue the linear command

(G01) or rapid traverse
command (G00) in the
compensation command block
or cancel block. (Set the modal
to linear interpolation.)
311

3.1 Program Errors
Error No.
Message
Details
Remedy
PR0152
No intersection
The intersection is not obtained

when one block is skipped during
the processing of an interference
block with the execution of a tool
radius compensation command
(G41, G42).
PR0153
Compensation
interference
An interference error has arisen

while the tool radius
compensation command (G41,
G42) was being executed.
PR0154
No
3D-compensation
spec.
A three-dimensional compensation Check the specifications.

command was issued even though
there are no three-dimensional
compensation specifications.
PR0155
Fix cyc executed

during compen
A fixed cycle command has been The radius compensation mode

issued in the radius compensation
is established when a fixed
mode.
cycle command is executed
and so the radius
compensation cancel command
(G40) should be issued.
PR0164
No optional
backward spec.
Backward movement was

are no backward movement
specifications.
PR0170
No compensation
number
The compensation number

(D
) command was not given
when the radius compensation
command (G41, G42, G43) was
issued. Alternatively, the
compensation number is larger
than the number of sets in the
specifications.
Add the compensation number

command to the compensation
command block.
PR0171
No G10 spec.
G10 command has been issued

even though such a command
does not exist in the
specifications.
PR0172
G10 L-number error
The address command is not

correct when the G10 command
is issued.
Check the address L-number of

the G10 command and correct
the number.
PR0174
No G11 spec.
The G11 command has been

issued even though there are no
program tool compensation input
(G11) specifications.
PR0180
No fixed cycle
A fixed cycle command was issued Check the specifications.

even though there are not fixed
Correct the program.
cycle (G72 to G89) specifications.
PR0181
No spindle
command
The spindle speed command has Issue the spindle speed

not been issued when the hole
command (S) when the hole
drilling fixed cycle command is
drilling fixed cycle command
given.
G84 or G74 is given.
(Tap cycle)
312

3.1 Program Errors
Error No.
PR0182
Message
Synchronous tap
error
Details
Connection with the spindle unit
was not established.
Remedy
Check the connection with the
spindle.
Check that the spindle encoder
exists.
The pitch or thread number

command has not been issued in
the tap cycle of a hole drilling
fixed cycle command.
Specifies the pitch data and the

number of threads via F or E
command.
PR0183
No pitch/thread
number
PR0184
Pitch/thread number The pitch or thread number

Check the pitch data or the
error
command is not correct in the tap
number of threads.
cycle of a hole drilling fixed cycle
command.
PR0220
No special fixed
cycle spec.
There are no special fixed cycle

specifications.
PR0221
No. of special fixed

holes = 0
0 has been specified as the

number of holes in special fixed
cycle.
PR0222
G36 angle interval

error
0 has been specified as the angle Reconsider the program.

internal with G36.
PR0223
G12/G13 radius
error
The radius value is less than the

compensation amount specified
with G12 or G13.
PR0224
No G12/G13 spec.
There are no circular cutting

specifications.
PR0230
Sub-program
nesting over
A subprogram has been called 8

or more times in succession from
the subprogram.
Check the number of

subprogram calls and correct the
program so that it does not
exceed 8 times.
PR0231
No N-Number
The sequence number set at

sub-program call time, at return
from the subprogram or specified
by GOTO, was not set.
Specify the sequence numbers

in the call block of the
subprogram.
PR0232
No program No.
When the subprogram is called, it Register the subprogram.

is not registered.
PR0240
No variable
command
A variable command was issued Check the specifications.

even though there are no variable
command (#
) specifications.
PR0241
No variable number
The variable number commanded Check the specifications.

is higher than the variable
Check the program variable
numbers in the specifications.
number.
PR0242
Variable definition =
none
The "=" sign has not been

commanded when a variable is
defined.
PR0243
Can't use variables
An unavailable variable has been Correct the program.

commanded in the left side or
right side of a formula.
PR0244
No. of var definitions The No. of variables that can be

over
defined in one block was
exceeded.
313
Designate the "=" sign in the

variable definition of the
program.
Correct the program.

3.1 Program Errors
Error No.
Message
Details
Remedy
PR0250
No pattern rotation
A pattern rotation command was

such command specifications.
PR0251
Pattern rotation
duplicated
A pattern rotation command was

issued during another pattern
rotation command.
Check the program.
PR0252
Pattern and coord

rotation
A pattern rotation command and

coordinate rotation command
have been designated
simultaneously.
Check the program.
PR0260
No coordinates
rotation
A coordinate rotation command

was issued even though there are
no such command specifications.
PR0270
No user macro
A macro specification was

are no such command
specifications.
PR0271
No macro interrupt
A macro interrupt command was

macro interrupt specifications.
PR0272
NC text/macro text
simultaneous
An NC statement and a macro

statement exist together in the
same block.
Reconsider the program and

place the NC statement and
macro statement in separate
blocks.
PR0273
Macro call nesting

over
The frequency of the macro call

has exceeded the quantity
determined in the specifications.

correct it so that the macro calls
do not exceed the limit imposed
by the specification.
PR0275
Variable number
illegal
The number of macro call

argument type II sets has
exceeded the limit.
PR0276
Macro call cancel

independent
A G67 command was issued

Reconsider the program. The
even though it was not during the
G67 command is the call
G66 command modal.
cancel command and so the
G66 command must be
designated first before G67 is
issued.
PR0277
Macro alarm
message
An alarm command has been

issued in #3000.
Refer to OPERATOR
MESSAGE on DIAGN screen.
Refer to instruction manual
issued by machine
manufacturer.
PR0280
'[' and ']' nesting over The number of parentheses [ , ]

which can be commanded in a
single block has exceeded five.

correct it so that the number of
" [ " or " ] " does not exceed
five.
PR0281
Number of '[' and ']'

differ
The number of " [ " and " ] "

parentheses commanded in a
single block do not match.

correct it so that the " [ " and
" ] " parentheses are paired up
properly.
PR0282
Can't calculate
The arithmetic formula is

incorrect.
Reconsider the program to

correct the arithmetic formula.
314

3.1 Program Errors
Error No.
Message
Details
Remedy
PR0283
Zero division
The denominator of the division is Reconsider the program and

zero.
correct it so that the
denominator for division in the
formula is not zero.
PR0284
Overflow value
The integer value exceeded 231

(2311) during the operation
process.
PR0285
Float value overflow The variable data has overflowed. Reconsider the variable data in
the program.
PR0290
IF statement error
There is an error in the IF

[<conditional>] GOTO statement.
PR0291
WHILE statement
error
There is an error in the WHILE

[<conditional>] DO - END
statement.
PR0292
SETVN statement
error
There is an error in the SETVN

statement when the variable
name was set.
PR0293
DO-END nesting
over
The number of [ ]s for DO - END Reconsider the program and

in the WHILE [<conditional>] DO correct it so that the number of
END statement has exceeded 27.
the DO - END statements does
not exceed 27.
PR0294
DO and END not in

proper pairs
The DOs and ENDs are not

paired off properly.
PR0295
Tape WHILE/ GOTO There is a WHILE or GOTO

During tape operation, a
statement on the tape during tape
program which includes a
operation.
WHILE or GOTO statement
cannot be executed and so the
memory operation mode is
established instead.
PR0300
Variable name illegal The variable names have not

been commanded properly.
Reconsider the variable names

in the program and correct
them.
PR0301
Variable name
duplicated
The name of the variable has

been duplicated.
Correct the program so that the

name is not duplicated.
PR0350
No scaling spec.
A scaling command (G50, G51)

no such scaling specifications.
PR0360
No program mirror
spec.
A mirror image command (G50.1, Check the specifications.

G51.1) was issued even though
there are no programmable mirror
image specifications.
PR0380
No corner R/C spec. A command was issued for corner Check the specifications.
rounding or corner chamfering
Remove the corner rounding or
even though there are no such
chamfering command from the
specifications.
program.
PR0382
No corner
movement
The block next to corner

rounding/ chamfering is not a
movement command.
315
Review the program's operation

expression, and correct so that
the operated integer value does
not exceed 231 (2311).
The number of characters in the

variable name of the SETVN
statement must be 7 or less.

correct it so that the DOs and
ENDs are paired off properly.
Replace the G01 command by

the block succeeding the corner
rounding/chamfering command.

3.1 Program Errors
Error No.
Message
Details
Remedy
PR0383
Corner movement
short
In the corner rounding or

chamfering command, the
movement distance was shorter
than the value in the
corresponding command.
Make the corner rounding or

chamfering less than the
movement distance since this
distance is shorter than the
corner rounding or chamfering.
PR0384
Corner next
movement short
When the corner rounding or

chamfering command was input,
the movement distance in the
following block was shorter than
the corner rounding or
chamfering.
Make the corner rounding or

chamfering less than the
movement distance since this
distance in the following block
is shorter than the corner
rounding or chamfering.
PR0385
Corner during
G0/G33
Corner rounding or chamfering

command was given during G00
or G33 modal.
PR0386
Can't execute corner The corner R/C movement cannot Reconsider the program.
R (C)
be created.
PR0390
No geometric spec.
A geometric command was

specifications.
PR0391
No geometric arc
spec.
An arc command was issued with Check the specifications.

the geometric command even
though there are no arc
specifications.
PR0392
Angle less than 1

deg (GEOMT)
The angle difference of two

straight lines in the geometric
command was within 1.
Correct the geometric angle.
PR0393
Inc value in 2nd

block (GEOMT)
The second block of the

geometric command was an
incremental value command.
Command the second

geometric block with an
absolute value.
PR0394
No linear move
The second block of the
command (GEOMT) geometric command was not
linear.
Command G01 in the second

geometric block.
PR0395
Illegal address
(GEOMT)
The plane selection horizontal

axis and plane selection vertical
axis are not commanded in the
second block of the geometric
command.
There is no A command in the

second block of the geometric
command.
PR0396
Plane selected in
GEOMT ctrl
The plane was changed between

the first and second blocks of the
geometric command.
Change the plane before the

geometric command.
PR0420
No parameter input
spec.
A parameter input command was

parameter input specifications.
316

3.1 Program Errors
Error No.
Message
Details
Remedy
PR0421
Parameter input
error
Insufficient data was input in

Enter the correct parameter
parameter.
input data.
An address other than P, S, N, A Reconsider the program.
or D was commanded.
The P, S, N, A or D value is
illegal.
A character-string type parameter
was input.
PR0430
Return incomplete
axis exists
A command was issued to move Execute reference point return

an axis, which has not returned to
manually.
the reference point, away from
that reference point.
PR0431
No 2nd 3rd 4th ref-p The 2nd, 3rd and 4th reference
ret spec.
point return was commanded
even though there are no 2nd, 3rd
and 4th reference point return
specifications.
PR0435
G27 and M
commands in same
block
An M individual command was

issued simultaneously in the G27
command block.
An M individual command cannot

be issued in a G27 command
block and so the G27 command
and M individual command
must be placed in separate
blocks.
PR0436
G29 and M
commands in same
block
An M individual command was

issued simultaneously in the G29
command block.
An M individual command cannot

be issued in a G29 command
block and so the G29 command
and M individual command
must be placed in separate
blocks.
PR0437
No. G54.1 spec.
Although there are no

specifications of workpiece
coordinate system offset set
addition, G54.1 has been specified.
PR0438
Local coord set

during exp wk co
Local coordinate system command Reconsider the program.

(G52) is given during the G54.1
mode.
PR0451
No check-beforemove spec.
The pre-movement stroke check

(G22/G23 (G22.1/G23.1 for M2/M0
format)) was commanded even
though there are no pre-movement
stroke check function
specifications.
PR0452
Movement limit
When the axis movement start

point or end point is in the
prohibited area designated with
the pre-movement stroke check
function, an alarm will occur
before executing that movement
block.
Reconsider the axis address

coordinate value in the
program.
PR0460
Tape I/O error
An error has arisen in the tape

reader or, alternatively, in the
printer during macro printing.
Check the power supply and

cable of the connected devices.
Check the input/output device
parameters.
317

3.1 Program Errors
Error No.
PR0461
Message
File I/O
Details
A file of the machining program
cannot be read.
Remedy
If this error occurs during
memory operation, the program
stored in the memory may be
destroyed.
Output the program and all
other tool data and work offset
data, then format the memory.
When using the FD, replace the
floppy disk.
During IC card operation,
confirm that the IC card is
correctly inserted.
PR0462
Computer Link error A communication error occurred

during computer link A, B,
high-speed server running.
After resetting, check the cables

and power supply of the
connected devices, and
computer link parameters.
PR0463
Read forced quit
Carry out input/output again.
PR0470
No Computer Link A Computer link A was executed

even though there are no
computer link A specifications.
PR0471
No Computer Link B Computer link B was executed

even though there are no
computer link B specifications.
PR0490
No disk operation
Disk operation was attempted

even though there are no disk
operation specifications.
PR0491
No FLD operation
FLD operation was attempted

even though there are no FLD
PR0492
No IC card operation IC card operation was attempted

even though there are no IC card
PR0493
No dataserver
operation
Data server operation was

attempted when the data server
operation specifications were not
available.
PR0600
No auto TLM
An automatic tool length

measurement command (G37)
was executed even though there
are no such command
specifications.
PR0601
No skip
A skip command (G31) was

PR0602
No multi skip
The multi-step skip command

(G31.n) was issued even though
there are no multi-step skip
specifications.
PR0603
Skip speed 0
The skip speed is 0.
Designate the skip speed.
The process was interrupted

during input/output by resetting.
318

3.1 Program Errors
Error No.
Message
Details
Remedy
PR0604
G37 illegal axis
No axis or more than 2 axes was

designated in the automatic tool
length measurement block.
Designate only one axis.
PR0605
H and G37
commands in same
block
The H code is in the same block

as the automatic tool length
measurement command.
Designate the H code before

the automatic tool length
measurement command block.
PR0606
H command not
found before G37
The H code was not yet

Designate the H code before
designated in automatic tool length
the automatic tool length
measurement.
measurement command block.
PR0607
Signal turned
illegally with G37
Before the area commanded by

the D command or the parameter
deceleration area D, the
measure-ment position arrival
signal went ON, or resulted in not
going ON.
PR0608
Skip during radius

compen
A skip command was issued

during the radius compensation
processing.
Designate a radius
compensation cancel command
(G40), or remove the skip
command.
PR0611
No hi-preci (G61.1)
spec.
A high-accuracy mode (G61.1)

command was issued even
though there are no such
command specifications.
No hi-preci die
(G61.2/3) spec.
A high-accuracy (die)
(G61.2/G61.3) command was
No hi-preci part
(G61.5) spec.
A high-accuracy (part) (G61.5)

command was issued even
though there are no such
command specifications.
PR0621
NURBS knot error
The knot was not correctly

designated in the NURBS
command.
Designate the knot following the

NURBS command format.
PR0622
NURBS weight error The weight was not correctly

designated in the NURBS
command.
Designate the weight following

the NURBS command format.
PR0623
NURBS degree error The number of stages was not

correctly designated in the
NURBS command.
Designate the number of stages

following the NURBS command
format.
PR0624
NURBS control point The control point was not

error
correctly designated in the
NURBS command.
Designate the control point

following the NURBS command
format.
PR0625
NURBS misc error
Check the commands and

modes that cannot be used with
the NURBS interpolation.
PR0612
PR0615
The general precautions were not

observed for the NURBS
command.
Remove the high-accuracy

mode command from the
program.
Remove the high-accuracy (die)
command from the program.
Remove the high-accuracy

(part) command from the
program.
Check the restrictions described

in the Operation Manual.
PR0626
No NURBS spec.
The NURBS interpolation

command was issued even though
there are no specifications.
319

3.1 Program Errors
Error No.
Message
Details
Remedy
PR0900
No normal control
A normal line direction control

command (G40.1/G41.1/G42.1)
Remove the normal line
direction control command from
no such command specifications.
the program.
PR0901
G92 command on
normal axis
The normal line control axis work

offset rewrite command (G92)
was issued during normal line
control.
PR0902
Normal axis set as

linear axis
Normal line control was set for a

linear axis.
Set normal line control for a

rotation axis.
PR0903
At block joint turn

angle over
The turning angle at the block

seams exceeded the limit during
normal line control.
PR0920
No 3DIM coord
conversion spec.
There is no three-dimensional
coordinate conversion function.
PR0921
3DIM coord convert

error
A G code that cannot be

commanded during the
three-dimensional coordinate
conversion modal was issued.
PR0922
Illegal 3DIM coord

convert
A three-dimensional coordinate
conversion command was issued
in a modal incapable of
three-dimensional coordinate
conversion.
PR0990
Illegal process
An error occurred during the

program analysis process, and it
became impossible to continue.
Call the service center with as

many details about the
operation status as possible.
320

3.2 Program Warnings
3.2
Program Warnings
No.
Message
Details
PRW0001
Overlap address
exists
Because the No. of addresses

that can be simultaneously
commanded in one block was
exceeded, the previously
designated address was
ignored.
No. of addresses that can be
simultaneously commanded in
one block :
M = Max. 4 addresses.
Other than M = 1 address
PRW0002
Overlap G code
exists
Because several G codes were

commanded in the same group,
the previously designated G
code was ignored.
PRW0003
Ignored G code
exists
A G code exists that was

ignored due to a G code priority
order check.
PRW0004
Unused address
exists
An address exists that was not

used in the program block.
PRW0005
Ref point ret in

pattern rot
Reference point return was

attempted while rotating the
figure.
PRW0006
No end point
operation in arc
There is no end point coordinate

command for the R-designated
arc.
PRW0007
Cylinder mode
warning
A command illegal for the

cylindrical mode was issued.
321
Remedy
Revision History
Date of revision
Manual No.
Revision details
Jan. 1998
BNP-B2239*
First edition created.
Sep. 1998
BNP-B2239A
The incorrect descriptions are corrected and unnecessary sections are erased.
Nov. 1998
BNP-B2239B
The incorrect descriptions are corrected and unnecessary sections are erased.
The document number of this manual changed as below.
Old : BNP B3950-006
New : BNP B2239
Feb. 2000
BNP-B2239C
The details are revised to correspond to the MELDAS 600M Series Version D0.
The following explanations and related descriptions are added.
6.9 NURBS interpolation
7.12 F1-digit feed
15 Protection function
Unnecessary sections are erased.
Incorrect descriptions are corrected.
Mar. 2001
BNP-B2239D
The details are revised to correspond to the MELDAS 600M Series Version F0.
6.10 Thread cutting
13.21 Tapping Mode
Mar. 2002
BNP-B2239E
Design of the cover and the back cover were changed.

MODEL, MODEL CODE, and Manual No. were added on the back cover.
The details are revised to correspond to the MELDAS 600M Series Version F0.
13.18 Three-dimensional Coordinate Conversion Function
Jun. 2003
BNP-B2239F
The following explanations and related description is added.

Appendix2 2.4 Fixed Cycle Variables
The following explanations and related description is revised.
Appendix3 3.1 Program Errors
Apr. 2006
BNP-B2239G
The description of internal sub-micrometric system was added.

Incorrect descriptions were corrected.
Global service network

NORTH AMERICA FA Center
CHINA FA Center
EUROPEAN FA Center
KOREAN FA Center
ASEAN FA Center
HONG KONG FA Center
TAIWAN FA Center
North America FA Center (MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC AUTOMATION INC.)

Illinois CNC Service Center
500 CORPORATE WOODS PARKWAY, VERNON HILLS, IL. 60061, U.S.A.
TEL: +1-847-478-2500 (Se
FAX: +1-847-478-2650 (Se
California CNC Service Center
5665 PLAZA DRIVE, CYPRESS, CA. 90630, U.S.A.
TEL: +1-714-220-4796
FAX: +1-714-229-3818
Georgia CNC Service Center
2810 PREMIERE PARKWAY SUITE 400, DULUTH, GA., 30097, U.S.A.
TEL: +1-678-258-4500
FAX: +1-678-258-4519
New Jersey CNC Service Center
200 COTTONTAIL LANE SOMERSET, NJ. 08873, U.S.A.
TEL: +1-732-560-4500
FAX: +1-732-560-4531
Michigan CNC Service Satellite
2545 38TH STREET, ALLEGAN, MI., 49010, U.S.A.
TEL: +1-847-478-2500
FAX: +1-269-673-4092
Ohio CNC Service Satellite
62 W. 500 S., ANDERSON, IN., 46013, U.S.A.
TEL: +1-847-478-2608
FAX: +1-847-478-2690
Texas CNC Service Satellite
1000, NOLEN DRIVE SUITE 200, GRAPEVINE, TX. 76051, U.S.A.
TEL: +1-817-251-7468
FAX: +1-817-416-1439
Canada CNC Service Center
4299 14TH AVENUE MARKHAM, ON. L3R OJ2, CANADA
TEL: +1-905-475-7728
FAX: +1-905-475-7935
Mexico CNC Service Center
MARIANO ESCOBEDO 69 TLALNEPANTLA, 54030 EDO. DE MEXICO
TEL: +52-55-9171-7662
FAX: +52-55-9171-7698
Monterrey CNC Service Satellite
ARGENTINA 3900, FRACC. LAS TORRES, MONTERREY, N.L., 64720, MEXICO
TEL: +52-81-8365-4171
FAX: +52-81-8365-4171
Brazil MITSUBISHI CNC Agent Service Center
(AUTOMOTION IND. COM. IMP. E EXP. LTDA.)
ACESSO JOSE SARTORELLI, KM 2.1 18550-000 BOITUVA SP, BRAZIL
TEL: +55-15-3363-9900
FAX: +55-15-3363-9911
European FA Center (MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC EUROPE B.V.)

Germany CNC Service Center
GOTHAER STRASSE 8, 40880 RATINGEN, GERMANY
TEL: +49-2102-486-0
FAX:+49-2102486-591
South Germany CNC Service Center
KURZE STRASSE. 40, 70794 FILDERSTADT-BONLANDEN, GERMANY
TEL: +49-711-3270-010
FAX: +49-711-3270-0141
France CNC Service Center
25, BOULEVARD DES BOUVETS, 92741 NANTERRE CEDEX FRANCE
TEL: +33-1-41-02-83-13
FAX: +33-1-49-01-07-25
Lyon CNC Service Satellite
U.K CNC Service Center
TRAVELLERS LANE, HATFIELD, HERTFORDSHIRE, AL10 8XB, U.K.
TEL: +44-1707-282-846
FAX:-44-1707-278-992
Italy CNC Service Center
ZONA INDUSTRIALE VIA ARCHIMEDE 35 20041 AGRATE BRIANZA, MILANO ITALY
TEL: +39-039-60531-342
FAX: +39-039-6053-206
Spain CNC Service Satellite
CTRA. DE RUBI, 76-80 -APDO.420 08190 SAINT CUGAT DEL VALLES, BARCELONA SPAIN
TEL: +34-935-65-2236
FAX:
Turkey MITSUBISHI CNC Agent Service Center
(GENEL TEKNIK SISTEMLER LTD. STI.)
DARULACEZE CAD. FAMAS IS MERKEZI A BLOCK NO.43 KAT2 80270 OKMEYDANI ISTANBUL,
TURKEY
TEL: +90-212-320-1640
FAX: +90-212-320-1649
Poland MITSUBISHI CNC Agent Service Center (MPL Technology Sp. z. o. o)
UL SLICZNA 34, 31-444 KRAKOW, POLAND
TEL: +48-12-632-28-85
FAX:
Wroclaw MITSUBISHI CNC Agent Service Satellite (MPL Technology Sp. z. o. o)
UL KOBIERZYCKA 23, 52-315 WROCLAW, POLAND
TEL: +48-71-333-77-53
FAX: +48-71-333-77-53
Czech MITSUBISHI CNC Agent Service Center
(AUTOCONT CONTROL SYSTEM S.R.O. )
NEMOCNICNI 12, 702 00 OSTRAVA 2 CZECH REPUBLIC
TEL: +420-596-152-426
FAX: +420-596-152-112
ASEAN FA Center (MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC ASIA PTE. LTD.)

Singapore CNC Service Center
307 ALEXANDRA ROAD #05-01/02 MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC BUILDING SINGAPORE 159943
TEL: +65-6473-2308
FAX: +65-6476-7439
Thailand MITSUBISHI CNC Agent Service Center (F. A. TECH CO., LTD)
898/19,20,21,22 S.V. CITY BUILDING OFFICE TOWER 1 FLOOR 12,14 RAMA III RD BANGPONGPANG,
YANNAWA, BANGKOK 10120. THAILAND
TEL: +66-2-682-6522
FAX: +66-2-682-6020
Malaysia MITSUBISHI CNC Agent Service Center
(FLEXIBLE AUTOMATION SYSTEM SDN. BHD.)
60, JALAN USJ 10/1B 47620 UEP SUBANG JAYA SELANGOR DARUL EHSAN MALAYSIA
TEL: +60-3-5631-7605
FAX: +60-3-5631-7636
JOHOR MITSUBISHI CNC Agent Service Satellite
(FLEXIBLE AUTOMATION SYSTEM SDN. BHD.)
NO. 16, JALAN SHAHBANDAR 1, TAMAN UNGKU TUN AMINAH, 81300 SKUDAI, JOHOR MALAYSIA
TEL: +60-7-557-8218
FAX: +60-7-557-3404
Indonesia MITSUBISHI CNC Agent Service Center
(PT. AUTOTEKNINDO SUMBER MAKMUR)
WISMA NUSANTARA 14TH FLOOR JL. M.H. THAMRIN 59, JAKARTA 10350 INDONESIA
TEL: +62-21-3917-144
FAX: +62-21-3917-164
India MITSUBISHI CNC Agent Service Center (MESSUNG SALES & SERVICES PVT. LTD.)
B-36FF, PAVANA INDUSTRIAL PREMISES M.I.D.C., BHOASRI PUNE 411026, INDIA
TEL: +91-20-2711-9484
FAX: +91-20-2712-8115
BANGALORE MITSUBISHI CNC Agent Service Satellite
(MESSUNG SALES & SERVICES PVT. LTD.)
S 615, 6TH FLOOR, MANIPAL CENTER, BANGALORE 560001, INDIA
TEL: +91-80-509-2119
FAX: +91-80-532-0480
Delhi MITSUBISHI CNC Agent Parts Center (MESSUNG SALES & SERVICES PVT. LTD.)
1197, SECTOR 15 PART-2, OFF DELHI-JAIPUR HIGHWAY BEHIND 32ND MILESTONE GURGAON 122001,
INDIA
TEL: +91-98-1024-8895
FAX:
Philippines MITSUBISHI CNC Agent Service Center
(FLEXIBLE AUTOMATION SYSTEM CORPORATION)
UNIT No.411, ALABAMG CORPORATE CENTER KM 25. WEST SERVICE ROAD SOUTH SUPERHIGHWAY,
ALABAMG MUNTINLUPA METRO MANILA, PHILIPPINES 1771
TEL: +63-2-807-2416
FAX: +63-2-807-2417
Vietnam MITSUBISHI CNC Agent Service Center (SA GIANG TECHNO CO., LTD)
47-49 HOANG SA ST. DAKAO WARD, DIST.1 HO CHI MINH CITY, VIETNAM
TEL: +84-8-910-4763
FAX: +84-8-910-2593
China FA Center (MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC AUTOMATION (SHANGHAI) LTD.)

China CNC Service Center
2/F., BLOCK 5 BLDG.AUTOMATION INSTRUMENTATION PLAZA, 103 CAOBAO RD. SHANGHAI 200233,
CHINA
TEL: +86-21-6120-0808
FAX: +86-21-6494-0178
Shenyang CNC Service Center
TEL: +86-24-2397-0184
FAX: +86-24-2397-0185
Beijing CNC Service Satellite
9/F, OFFICE TOWER1, HENDERSON CENTER, 18 JIANGUOMENNEI DAJIE, DONGCHENG DISTRICT,
BEIJING 100005, CHINA
TEL: +86-10-6518-8830
FAX: +86-10-6518-8030
China MITSUBISHI CNC Agent Service Center
(BEIJING JIAYOU HIGHTECH TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CO.)
RM 709, HIGH TECHNOLOGY BUILDING NO.229 NORTH SI HUAN ZHONG ROAD, HAIDIAN DISTRICT ,
BEIJING 100083, CHINA
TEL: +86-10-8288-3030
FAX: +86-10-6518-8030
Tianjin CNC Service Satellite
RM909, TAIHONG TOWER, NO220 SHIZILIN STREET, HEBEI DISTRICT, TIANJIN, CHINA 300143
TEL: -86-22-2653-9090
FAX: +86-22-2635-9050
Shenzhen CNC Service Satellite
RM02, UNIT A, 13/F, TIANAN NATIONAL TOWER, RENMING SOUTH ROAD, SHENZHEN, CHINA 518005
TEL: +86-755-2515-6691
FAX: +86-755-8218-4776
Changchun Service Satellite
TEL: +86-431-50214546
FAX: +86-431-5021690
Hong Kong CNC Service Center
UNIT A, 25/F RYODEN INDUSTRIAL CENTRE, 26-38 TA CHUEN PING STREET, KWAI CHUNG, NEW
TERRITORIES, HONG KONG
TEL: +852-2619-8588
FAX: +852-2784-1323
Taiwan FA Center (MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC TAIWAN CO., LTD.)

Taichung CNC Service Center
NO.8-1, GONG YEH 16TH RD., TAICHUNG INDUSTIAL PARK TAICHUNG CITY, TAIWAN R.O.C.
TEL: +886-4-2359-0688
FAX: +886-4-2359-0689
Taipei CNC Service Satellite
TEL: +886-4-2359-0688
FAX: +886-4-2359-0689
Tainan CNC Service Satellite
TEL: +886-4-2359-0688
FAX: +886-4-2359-0689
Korean FA Center (MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC AUTOMATION KOREA CO., LTD.)

Korea CNC Service Center
DONGSEO GAME CHANNEL BLDG. 2F. 660-11, DEUNGCHON-DONG KANGSEO-KU SEOUL, 157-030 KOREA
TEL: +82-2-3660-9607
FAX: +82-2-3663-0475
Notice
Every effort has been made to keep up with software and hardware revisions in the
contents described in this manual. However, please understand that in some
unavoidable cases simultaneous revision is not possible.
Please contact your Mitsubishi Electric dealer with any questions or comments
regarding the use of this product.
Duplication Prohibited
This instruction manual may not be reproduced in any form, in part or in whole,
without written permission from Mitsubishi Electric Corporation.
1997-2006 MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORPORATION

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

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MELDAS is a registered trademark of Mitsubishi Electric Corporation.

Details described in this manual

Precautions for Safety

When the user may be subject to imminent fatalities or major injuries if

When the user may be subject to fatalities or major injuries if handling is

Note that even items ranked as "

Synchronized Tapping; ,R/,H .....................................................................................53

8. SPINDLE FUNCTIONS ........................................................................................................67

13. PROGRAMMING SUPPORT FUNCTIONS .....................................................................151

15. PROTECTION FUNCTIONS ............................................................................................294

N001 G00 X-100.0 Y150.0 M03 S1000 ;

It is recommended to use the order of N, G, X, Y, Z, F, M, S, T... shown in Example 1) because it is

Word and Address

Details of the number of digits in word data

Metric commands (mm)

A 0.01 (), mm/0.001 inch

N100 G01 X123.4 Y-100.0 F1000.0 ;

Example 3) TEST PROGRAM #1 ;

Modal and Unmodal Commands

2. BASIC CONCEPT FOR PROGRAMMING

2. BASIC CONCEPT FOR PROGRAMMING

Control Axis and Axis Name

Minimum Program Unit and Minimum Movement Amount

2. BASIC CONCEPT FOR PROGRAMMING

Outline of three-control-axis type vertical machining center

2. BASIC CONCEPT FOR PROGRAMMING

Movement amount of the machine

Cannot designate because the 1m system is limited

Movement amount of the machine

2. BASIC CONCEPT FOR PROGRAMMING

Incremental Value Command and Absolute Value Command

N2 X10.0 Y0; (Note 1)

(Note 1) The increment value command can be omitted if

The absolute value command method is more frequently used.

Program to Specify the Movement of Tools along the Machining Workpiece

(2) Program to command the movement of a tool along the arc

G02 G code to designate the clockwise arc

(3) Program to designate the tool rapid traverse

Program to Command the Feed of a Tool at the Designated Rate to Cut a

Program to Command Various Machine Operations such as Spindle Rotation

Program to Command the Spindle Rotation Speed

Program to Select an Appropriate Tool for Workpiece Machining

One block of program is configured as follows.

At the head of program EOB ( ; )

N001 G90 G00 X10.0 Y20 Z30.0 M03 S1000 ;

N003 G01 Z40.0 F500.0 ;

N004 G00 Z30.0 ;

Other Programming Notes

Tool center path when the tool radius

L1, L2: Tool length

Coordinate Systems and Coordinate Zero Point Symbols

:Machine coordinate zero point

:Workpiece coordinate zero points

Optional Block Skip (Block delete)

N20 G01 X-25.0 /Y-25.0; Correct

Absolute/Incremental Command; G90/G91

(Absolute value command)

Inch/Metric Changeover; G20/G21

Parameters (excluding some)

Parameters (those depending