Worm and Worm Wheel

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Worm and worm wheel

Objective
:
To calculate the efficiency, velocity ratio , Mechanical Advantage.
Introduction:
Worm and worm wheel consists of a square threaded screw (known as worm) anda
toothed wheel (known as worm wheel) geared with each other. A wheel is attached
tothe worm, over which passes a rope a load is securely mounted on the worm
wheel.
Procedure:
1.Firstly stabilize the Single Start Worm and Worm Wheel machine and
wrap thecord around the load drum and the effort wheel.2.Put some weight on
the load drum. And add the some effort to the effort wheel via hanger.3.Hit
the machine with some material, thus you will see some kind of
movement inthe load drum as well as in effort wheel.4.Wri t e down t he
r eadi ng i n t he obser vat i on t abl e 5.After this apply the above procedure,
four to five times with gradually increasingthe Load as well as Effort to
the load drum and effort pulley respectively.

6.Write down the all reading in the given observation table.7.Measure the
radius of the load drum and the radius of the effort wheel.8.Cal cul at e
t he MA, VR and of mac hi ne.
Observation table
:
x = 145mm y = 40mmV.R =
3.6T
e
s
t
A
B
C
D
E
A
p
p
l
i
e
d
l
o
a
d
(
W
)
1
2
3
4
5
A
c
t
u
a
l
e
f
f
o
r
t
(
E
)
0
.
5
0
.
9
1
.
3
1
.
8
2
.
2
I
n
p
u
t
w
o
r
k
7
2
.
5
1
3
0
.
5
1
8
8
.
5
2
6
1
3
1
9
O
u
t
p
u
t
w
o
r
k
4
0
8
0
1
2
0
1
6
0
2
0
0
M
e
c
h
a
n
i
c
a
l
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
(
%
)
5
5
6
1
6
3
6
1
6
3
M
.
A
2
2
.
2
2
2
.
3
0
2
.
2
2
2
.
2
7
Precautions:
1.Lubricate the screw before starting the experiment.2.Trapping should be
done after adding the weight in the effort hanger.3.Over l appi ng of
st r i ng shoul d not be t her e.
Result:
The average efficiency of the apparatus is 60.6.
Discussion:

The change in the efficiency of the apparatus during the experiment is due to
theerror in doing it so the main sources of error that might be possible are given
below
Source of error:
1 . F r i c t i o n s i n t h e p u l l e y . 2.E ffor t bei ng pul l ed suddenl y.
Conclusion
:
Thus we can minimize the change in the value of efficiency by using
the precautions and by avoiding the errors.

SINGLE START WORM AND WORM WHEEL


Introduction

Worm and worm wheel consists of a square threaded screw (known as worm) and a
toothed wheel (known as worm wheel) geared with each other. A wheel is attached to
the worm, over which passes a rope a load is securely mounted on the worm wheel.
Formula Used
Let L = Radius of the wheel
r = Radius of the load drum
W = Load lifted
P = Effort applied to lift the load
T = Number of teeth on the worm wheel
If the worm is single threaded (i.e., for one revolution of the wheel, the worm pushes
the worm wheel through one tooth) then for one revolution of the wheel the distance
moved by the effort = 2L
The load drum will move through = 1/ T revolution
Distance, through which the load will move = 2r / T

V.R = (Distance moved by P) / (Distance moved by W) = (2L / (2r / T)) = LT / r


In general, if the worm is n threaded then, V.R = LT / nr
M.A = W / P
= M.A / V.R
Procedure:
1. Firstly stabilize the Single Start Worm and Worm Wheel machine and wrap the
cord around the load drum and the effort wheel.

2. Put some weight on the load drum. And add the some effort to the effort wheel
via hanger.
3. Hit the machine with some material, thus you will see some kind of movement in
the load drum as well as in effort wheel.
4. Write down the reading in the observation table
5. After this apply the above procedure, four to five times with gradually increasing
the Load as well as Effort to the load drum and effort pulley respectively.
6. Write down the all reading in the given observation table.
7. Measure the radius of the load drum and the radius of the effort wheel.
8. Calculate the MA, VR and of machine.
Observation table:
S.No.

Load (W) in gram. Effort (P) in gram.

1.

1.

1.

1.

1.
Precautions:
1. Lubricate the screw before starting the experiment.
2. Trapping should be done after adding the weight in the effort hanger.
3. Overlapping of string should not be there.
Source of error:
1. Frictions in the pulley.
2. Effort being pulled suddenly.

Result: The efficiency of the single start worm and worm wheel is..

DOUBLE START WORM AND WORM WHEEL


Formula Used
If the worm is double threaded (i.e., for one revolution of the wheel pushes the worm
wheel through half teeth then
V.R = LT / 2r
M.A = W / P
= M.A / V.R
Procedure:
1. Firstly stabilize the double Start Worm and Worm Wheel machine and wrap the
cord around the load drum and the effort wheel.
2. Put some weight on the load drum. And add the some effort to the effort wheel
via hanger.
3. Hit the machine with some material, thus you will see some kind of movement in
the load drum as well as in effort wheel.
4. Write down the reading in the observation table
5. After this apply the above procedure, four to five times with gradually increasing
the Load as well as Effort to the load drum and effort pulley respectively.
6. Write down the all reading in the given observation table.
7. Measure the radius of the load drum and the radius of the effort wheel.
8. Calculate the MA, VR and of machine.
Observation table:
S.No.
1.

1.

1.

1.

Load (W) in gram. Effort (P) in gram.

1.
Precautions:
1. Lubricate the screw before starting the experiment.
2. Trapping should be done after adding the weight in the effort hanger.
3. Overlapping of string should not be there.
Source of error:
1. Frictions in the pulley.
2. Effort being pulled suddenly.
Result: The efficiency of the double start worm and worm wheel is..

TRIPLE START WORM AND WORM WHEEL


Formula Used
If the worm is double threaded (i.e., for one revolution of the wheel pushes the worm
wheel through half teeth then
V.R = LT / 3r
M.A = W / P
= M.A / V.R
Procedure:
1. Firstly stabilize the triple Start Worm and Worm Wheel machine and wrap the
cord around the load drum and the effort wheel.
2. Put some weight on the load drum. And add the some effort to the effort wheel
via hanger.
3. Hit the machine with some material, thus you will see some kind of movement in
the load drum as well as in effort wheel.
4. Write down the reading in the observation table
5. After this apply the above procedure, four to five times with gradually increasing
the Load as well as Effort to the load drum and effort pulley respectively.
6. Write down the all reading in the given observation table.
7. Measure the radius of the load drum and the radius of the effort wheel.

8. Calculate the MA, VR and of machine.


Observation table:
S.No.

Load (W) in gram. Effort (P) in gram.

1.

1.

1.

1.

1.
Precautions:
1. Lubricate the screw before starting the experiment.
2. Trapping should be done after adding the weight in the effort hanger.
3. Overlapping of string should not be there.
Source of error:
1. Frictions in the pulley.
2. Effort being pulled suddenly.
Result: The efficiency of the triple start worm and worm wheel is..

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