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MediumExtendedAirDefenseSystemWikipedia

MediumExtendedAirDefenseSystem
FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

TheMediumExtendedAirDefenseSystem(MEADS)isagroundmobileairandmissiledefensesystemintended
toreplacethePatriotmissilesystemthroughaNATOmanageddevelopment.[1]Theprogramisatrinational
developmentoftheUS,Germany,andItaly.

Contents
1
2
3
4
5
6
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Description
Majorenditems
PlugandFight
Integrationandtesthistory
Seealso
References
Externallinks

Description
DevelopedbyGermany,Italy,andtheUnitedStates,MEADSisagroundmobileairandmissiledefense(AMD)
systemintendedtoreplaceGermanandUnitedStatesPatriotsystemsandItalianNikeHerculessystems.Germany
choseMEADStoreplacetheirMIM104PatriotsystemsinJune2015.MEADSisdesignedtoaddressthe
shortcomingsoffieldedsystemsandtopermitfullinteroperabilitybetweenU.S.andalliedforces.Itistheonlymedium
rangeAMDsystemtoprovidefull360degreecoverageagainsttacticalballisticmissiles,cruisemissiles,unmanned
aerialvehicles,aircraft,andlargecaliberrockets.
MEADSprovidesgroundmobileairandmissiledefensewithexpanded
coverage.Thesystemprovidesenhancedforceprotectionagainstabroad
arrayofthirddimensionthreats.Improvedinteroperability,mobility,andfull
360degreedefensecapabilityagainsttheevolvingthreatrepresentarekey
aspects.MEADSisthefirstairandmissiledefense(AMD)systemthat
providescontinuousonthemoveprotectionformaneuverforces.MEADS
alsoprovidesareadefense,homelanddefense,andweightedasset
protection.[2]
MEADSincorporatestheLockheedMartinhittokillPAC3Missile
SegmentEnhancement(MSE)missileinasystemincluding360degree
surveillanceandfirecontrolsensors,netteddistributedtacticaloperations
centers,andlightweightlaunchers.[3]AsingleMEADSbatteryisableto
defendupto8timestheareaofaPatriotbatterythroughuseofadvanced
360degreesensors,nearverticallaunchcapability,andthelongerrange
PAC3MSEmissile.TheMEADSradarsusingactivephasedarraysand
digitalbeamformingenablefulluseofthePAC3MSEmissilesextended
range.

MEADSOvertheShoulderLaunchat
WhiteSands(MEADSInternational)

TruckmountedMEADSelementsdriveorrollonandoffC130and
A400Mtransportaircraftsotheycanquicklydeploytoatheaterofoperations.BecauseMEADSusesfewersystem
assets,itpermitsasubstantialreductionindeployedpersonnelandequipment.MEADSreducesdemandforairlift,soit
candeploytotheaterfaster.
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TheminimumMEADSengagementcapabilityrequiresonlyonelauncher,onebattlemanager,andonefirecontrolradar
toprovide360degreedefenseoftroopsorcriticalassets.Asmoresystemelementsarrive,theyautomaticallyand
seamlesslyjointheMEADSnetworkandbuildoutcapability.
Theprimecontractor,MEADSInternational,isamultinationaljointventureheadquarteredinOrlando,Florida.Its
participatingcompaniesareMBDAItalia,MBDADeutschlandGmbH,andLockheedMartin.Thecompanyinitially
wonacompetitivedownselecttodeveloptheMEADSsystemin1999,[4]buttheprogramcouldnotbestarted
becausethelosingcompetitorfiledtwosuccessivesuits.In2001,a$216millionRiskReductionEffortcontractwas
awardedtoincorporateanewinterceptorapproach.[5]InMay2005,MEADSInternationalsignedadefinitized
contractvaluedat$2billionplus1.4billionforMEADSdesignanddevelopment.Thisdevelopmentcontractwas
completedin2014.[6]TheU.S.funded58percentoftheMEADSDesignandDevelopmentprogram,withEuropean
partnersGermanyandItalyproviding25percentand17percentrespectively.
TheGermanBundeswehrcompletedananalysisofairdefensealternativesin2010andstronglyrecommended
MEADSasthebasisforimprovingGermanysmissiledefenseshieldandasGermanyscontributiontotheEuropean
PhasedAdaptiveApproach.[7]InFebruary2011,theU.S.DepartmentofDefenseannouncedthatitintendedtofulfill
itscommitmenttocompletethedesignanddevelopmenteffort,butthatitwouldnotprocuretheMEADSsystemfor
budgetaryreasons.[8]LockheedMartindevelopedaninteractivelifecyclecostandcapabilitiesapplicationbasedon
theirDynamicComparativeAnalysisMethodology(DCAM)approachtomorefullyevaluateandcommunicatethe
performanceandcostadvantageofMEADSascomparedtoalternativesystems.TheDCAMapplicationfurther
reinforcedthevalueofMEADSandiscreditedwithhelpingensurecontinuedfunding.
InOctober2011,theNationalArmamentsDirectorsofGermany,Italy,andtheU.S.approvedacontractamendment
tofundtwoflightintercepttests,alauncher/missilecharacterizationtest,andasensorcharacterizationtestconductedto
completetheplanneddevelopmentscope..[6]
InSeptember2013,MEADSreceivedoperatingcertificationforitsMode5IdentificationFriendorFoe(IFF)system.
Mode5ismoresecureandprovidespositivelineofsightidentificationoffriendlyplatformsequippedwithanIFF
transpondertobetterprotectalliedforces.[9]
InJune2015,MEADSwasselectedasthebasisfortheGermanTaktischesLuftverteidigungssystem(TLVS),anew
generationofairandmissiledefensethatrequiresflexiblearchitecturebasedonstrongnetworkingcapabilities.[10]
MEADSwasacandidateforPolandsWisamediumrangeairdefensesystemprocurement,butwaseliminatedinJune
2014whencompetitionwasdownselectedtotheUSPatriotsystemandtheFrench/ItalianSAMP/Tsystem.However,
LockheedMartinbeganreneweddiscussionswiththePolishMinistryofDefenseinFebruary2016.[11]MEADS
remainsacandidateforPolandsNarewshortrangeairdefensesystemprocurement.[12]

Majorenditems
TheMEADSairandmissiledefensesystemiscomposedofsixmajorequipmentitems.[13]TheMEADSradars,battle
manager,andlaunchersaredesignedforhighreliabilitysothatthesystemwillbeabletomaintainsustainedoperations
muchlongerthanlegacysystemsresultinginoverallloweroperationandsupportcosts.
MultifunctionFireControlRadar(MFCR)anXband,solidstate,phasedarrayradarusingelementlevel
transmit/receivemodulesdevelopedinGermany.Theactiveelectronicallyscannedarray(AESA)radarprovides
precisiontrackingandwidebanddiscriminationandclassificationcapabilities.Forextremelyrapiddeployments,the
MEADSMFCRcanprovidebothsurveillanceandfirecontrolcapabilitiesuntilasurveillanceradarjoinsthenetwork.
TheMFCRusesitsmainbeamforuplinkanddownlinkmissilecommunications.AnadvancedMode5identification
friendorfoesubsystemsupportsimprovedthreatidentificationandtyping.[14]

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SurveillanceRadar(SR)theUHFMEADSSurveillanceRadarisa
360degreeactiveelectronicallysteeredarrayradarthatprovidesextended
rangecoverage.Itprovidesthreatdetectioncapabilityagainsthighly
maneuverablelowsignaturethreats,includingshortandmediumrange
ballisticmissiles,cruisemissiles,andotherairbreathingthreats.
BattleManagement,Command,Control,Communications,
Computers,andIntelligence(BMC4I)TacticalOperationsCenter
(TOC)theMEADSTOCcontrolsanadvancednetworkcentricopen
architecturethatallowsanycombinationofsensorsandlauncherstobe
organizedintoasingleairandmissiledefensebattleelement.Thesystemis
nettedanddistributed.EveryMEADSbattlemanager,radar,andlauncheris
awirelessnodeonthenetwork.Byvirtueofmultiplecommunicationspaths,
thenetworkcanbeexpandedorcontractedasthesituationdictatesand
precludessinglepointfailureifonenodebecomesinoperable.Italsohasa
plugandfightcapabilitythatallowsMEADSlaunchersandradarsto
seamlesslyenterandleavethenetworkwithoutshuttingitdownand
interruptingongoingoperations.MEADSusesopen,nonproprietary
standardizedinterfacestoextendplugandfighttononMEADSelements.
ThisflexibilityisnewforgroundbasedAMDsystems.[15]

TheMEADSMultifunctionFire
ControlRadar,showninitsGerman
configuration,candetectandtrack
advancedthreatswith360degree
coverageandnoblindspots.

LauncherandReloaderthelightweightMEADSlauncheriseasily
transportable,tacticallymobile,andcapableofrapidreload.Itcarriesupto
eightPAC3MissileSegmentEnhancement(MSE)Missilesandachieves
launchreadinessinminimumtime.[16]AMEADSreloaderissimilarbutlacks
launcherelectronicsystems.
CertifiedMissileRound(PAC3MissileSegmentEnhancementand
canister)ThePAC3MissileSegmentEnhancement(MSE)missileisthe
baselineinterceptorforMEADS.Theinterceptorincreasesthesystem's
rangeandlethalityoverthebaselinePAC3missile,whichwasselectedas
theprimarymissileforMEADSwhenthedesignanddevelopmentprogram
beganin2004.TheMSEmissileincreasestheengagementenvelopeand
defendedareabyusingmoreresponsivecontrolsurfacesandamore
powerfulrocketmotor.[17]
InGermany,thePAC3MSEmissileisexpectedtobesupplementedby
IRISTSLassecondarymissileforgroundbasedmediumrangeairdefense.
ItisbasedontheIRISTairtoairmissile.TheshorterrangeIRISTSLS
systemusesunmodifiedIRISTairtoairmissileslaunchedfromstandard
LAU7aircraftlaunchers,fourofwhicharemountedontoanallterrain
launchvehicle,whilethemediumrangeIRISTSLmissileisequippedwith
anenlargedrocketmotor,datalink,andjettisonabledragreducingnose
cone.

PlugandFight

AMEADSSurveillanceRadar
acquiredbothtargetsandprovided
targetcuestotheMEADSbattle
managerduringadualinterceptflight
testatWhiteSandsMissileRangein
November2013.

FromtheMEADSbattlemanager,a
commandercanaddorsubtract
sensorsandlaunchersasthesituation
dictateswithoutshuttingdownthe
system.

IntheBMC4ITOC,plugandfightflexibilityletsMEADSexchangedata
withnonMEADSsensorsandshooters.ThesamecapabilityletsMEADSmovewithgroundforcesandinteroperate
withalliedforces.Throughinteroperabilityfeaturesdesignedintothesystem,MEADSwilldramaticallyimprovecombat
effectivenessandsituationalawareness,reducingthepossibilityoffriendlyfireincidents.MEADSsystemelementscan
seamlesslyintegrateintoeachnations,orNATOs,combatarchitectureasrequired.

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Unitscanbedispersedoverawidearea.Commandandcontroloflaunchers
andmissilescanbehandedovertoaneighboringbattlemanagementunit
whiletheinitialsystemsaremoved,maintainingmaneuverforceprotection.
PlugandfightconnectivityletsMEADSelementsattachtoanddetachfrom
thenetworkatwill,withnorequirementtoshutthesystemdown.
TheMEADSplugandfightcapabilityenablescommandandcontrolover
otherairandmissiledefensesystemelementsthroughopen,nonproprietary
standardizedinterfaces.MEADSimplementsauniqueabilitytoworkwith
secondarymissilesystemsifselected,andtoevolveasothercapabilitiesare
developed.[18]

Integrationandtesthistory
InJuly2010,theMEADSBMC4Idemonstrateditsinteroperabilitywiththe
NATOAirCommandandControlSystem(ACCS)duringtestsusingthe
ActiveLayerTheatreBallisticMissileDefense(ALTBMD)IntegrationTest
BedbeingdevelopedbyNATO.Thetestwasanearlymaturity
demonstrationfortheMEADSBMC4Icapability.[19]

TheMediumExtendedAirDefense
System(MEADS)interceptedand
destroyedtwosimultaneoustargets
attackingfromoppositedirections
duringademonstrationofits360
degreecapabilitiesatWhiteSands
MissileRange,NM.

InAugust2010,theMEADSprogramcompletedanextensiveseriesof
CriticalDesignReview(CDR)eventswithaSummaryCDRatMEADS
International.ReviewersfromGermany,Italy,theU.S.,andtheNATO
MediumExtendedAirDefenseSystemManagementAgency
(NAMEADSMA)evaluatedtheMEADSdesigncriteriainacomprehensive
seriesof47reviews.[20]
InDecember2010,thefirstMEADSlauncherandTacticalOperations
CenterweredisplayedinceremoniesinGermanyandItalybeforeinitiating
systemintegrationtestsatPraticadiMareAirForceBaseinItaly.[21]
IRISTSLbasedontheIRISTair
InNovember2011,itwasannouncedthattheMEADSMultifunctionFire
toairmissile
ControlRadarhadbeenintegratedwithaMEADSTOCandlauncherat
PraticadiMareAirForceBase.Theobjectivesoftheintegrationtestseries
weretodemonstratethattheMEADSTOCcouldcontroltheMEADSMFCRincoordinationwiththeMEADS
Launcherasinitialoperationalproofoftheplugandfightcapability.TheMFCRdemonstratedkeyfunctionalities
including360degreetargetacquisitionandtrackusingbothdedicatedflightsandotherairtraffic.[22]Then,atWhite
SandsMissileRange,MEADSdemonstratedafirsteverovertheshoulderlaunchofthePAC3MSEmissileagainsta
simulatedtargetattackingfrombehind.Itrequiredauniquesidewaysmaneuver,demonstratinga360degreecapability.
Themissileexecutedaplannedselfdestructsequenceattheendofthemissionaftersuccessfullyengagingthesimulated
threat.[23]

InNovember2012atWhiteSandsMissileRange,MEADSdetected,tracked,intercepted,anddestroyedanair
breathingtargetinaninterceptflighttest.ThetestconfigurationincludedanetworkedMEADSTacticalOperations
Center,lightweightlauncherfiringaPAC3MSE,anda360degreeMEADSMultifunctionFireControlRadar,which
trackedtheMQM107targetandguidedthemissiletoasuccessfulintercept.[24]
Severalprogressmilestonesweredemonstratedduring2013,culminatingina360degreedualintercepttestthatwent
beyondinitialcontractobjectives.InApril,theMEADSSurveillanceRadaracquiredandtrackedasmalltestaircraft
andrelayeditslocationtoaMEADSTOC,whichgeneratedcuesearchcommands.TheMFCR,infull360degree
rotatingmode,searchedthecuedarea,acquiredthetarget,andestablishedadedicatedtrack.[25]

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InJune2013,duringsixdaysoftesting,MEADSdemonstratednetworkinteroperabilitywithNATOsystemsduring
JointProjectOpticWindmill(JPOW)exercises.MEADSdemonstratedbattlemanagementcapabilitytotransmit,
receive,andprocessLink16messagesandtoconductthreatengagements.[26]
InNovember2013,MEADSinterceptedanddestroyedtwosimultaneoustargetsattackingfromoppositedirections
duringastressingdemonstrationofits360degreeAMDcapabilitiesatWhiteSandsMissileRange,NewMexico.All
elementsoftheMEADSsystemweretested,includingthe360degreeMEADSSurveillanceRadar,anetworked
MEADSbattlemanager,twolightweightlaunchersfiringPAC3MissileSegmentEnhancement(MSE)Missilesanda
360degreeMEADSMultifunctionFireControlRadar(MFCR).Theflighttestachievedallcriteriaforsuccess.
Thefirsttarget,aQF4airbreathingtarget,approachedfromthesouthasaLancemissile,flyingatacticalballistic
missiletrajectory,attackedfromthenorth.TheSurveillanceRadaracquiredbothtargetsandprovidedtargetcuesto
theMEADSbattlemanager,whichgeneratedcuecommandsfortheMFCR.TheMFCRtrackedbothtargets
successfullyandguidedmissilesfromlaunchersintheItalianandGermanconfigurationtosuccessfulintercepts.[27]
AtWhiteSandsMissileRange,LockheedMartinandNorthropGrummanalsodemonstratedplugandfight
connectivitybetweenMEADSandtheU.S.ArmysIntegratedBattleCommandSystem(IBCS).IBCSdemonstrated
abilitytoplugandfighta360degreeMEADSSurveillanceRadarandMultifunctionFireControlRadar.[28]
InJuly2014,MEADScompletedacomprehensivesystemdemonstrationatPraticadiMareAirBase,Italy.Thetests,
includingoperationaldemonstrationsrunbyGermanandItalianmilitarypersonnel,weredesignedtoseamlesslyadd
andsubtractsystemelementsunderrepresentativecombatconditions,andtoblendMEADSwithothersystemsina
largersystemarchitecture.Allcriteriaforsuccesswereachieved.
Duringthetest,plugandfightcapabilitytorapidlyattachandcontrolanexternalItaliandeployableairdefenseradar
wasdemonstrated.Alsodemonstratedwasengageonremoteflexibility,whichallowsoperatorstotargetthreatsat
greaterdistancesdespitebeingmaskedbyterrain.Throughreassigningworkload,MEADSdemonstratedabilityto
maintaindefensecapabilitiesifanysystemelementislostorfails.
InteroperabilitywithGermanandItalianairdefenseassetswasdemonstratedthroughexchangeofstandardizedNATO
messages.ItalianairdefenseassetswereintegratedintoatestbedatanItaliannationalfacility,whiletheSurfacetoAir
MissileOperationsCentreandPatriotassetswereintegratedintoatestbedattheGermanAirForceAirDefense
CenterinFortBliss,Texas.MEADSfurtherdemonstratedcapabilitytoperformengagementcoordinationwithother
systems,whichfieldedsystemareunabletodo.[28]
InSeptember2014,MEADSMFCRscompletedasixweekperformancetestatPraticadiMareAirBase,Italy,and
MBDADeutschlandsairdefensecenterinFreinhausen.Duringthetests,theMEADSMFCRsuccessfully
demonstratedseveraladvancedcapabilities,manyofwhicharecriticalforgroundmobileradarsystems.Capabilities
testedincludetrackingandcancelingofjammingsignalssearching,cueingandtrackingingroundclutterand
successfullyclassifyingtargetdatausingkinematicinformation.[29]
On9June2015,DefenseMinisterUrsulavonderLeyenannouncedthatGermanyhadselectedMEADSasthe
foundationforitsTaktischesLuftverteidigungssystem(TVLS),whichisplannedtoreplaceGermanysPatriot
systems.[30]

Seealso
S500(missile)NextgenerationRussianantiballisticmissile
GroundBasedMidcourseDefenseU.S.antiballisticmissilesystem
Activeelectronicallyscannedarrayanactiveelectronicallyscannedarrayradarisatypeofphasedarrayradar
whosetransmitterandreceiverfunctionsarecomposedofnumeroussmallsolidstatetransmit/receivemodules
(TRMs)

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PlugandFightabilityofsystemelementstoattachtoanddetachfromthenetworkatwill,withnorequirement
toshutthesystemdown.
LFKNGnewairdefensemissileoftheGermanArmy
MANTIStheveryshortrangeprotectionsystemoftheGermanArmywithinthe"SysFla"program.
NASAMSairdefensesystemusingtheAIM120AMRAAM,developedbyNorway.
Type3ChSAM

References
1.JohnPike."GlobalSecurity.org".globalsecurity.org.
2."FactSheets".meadsamd.com.
3."AboutMEADS".meadsamd.com.
4.ReedBusinessInformationLimited."NATOagencyturnsdownMEADSprotest".flightglobal.com.
5."MEADSINTERNATIONALSIGNS$216MILLIONRISKREDUCTIONEFFORTCONTRACT".
lockheedmartin.com.10July2001.Archivedfromtheoriginalon4March2013.
6."NationalArmamentsDirectorsApproveMEADSProgramContinuationPlan".lockheedmartin.com.
7."GermanybacksMEADSdefencesystemoverPatriot".Reuters.9July2010.
8.[1](http://www.acq.osd.mil/docs/U.S._MEADS_Decision_Fact_Sheet_Feb_11_2011.pdf)Archived(https://web.archiv
e.org/web/20120917040049/http://www.acq.osd.mil/docs/U.S._MEADS_Decision_Fact_Sheet_Feb_11_2011.pdf)
September17,2012,attheWaybackMachine.
9.MEADSairdefensesystemIFFIdentificationFriendorFoesystemhasbeencertifiedforoperation(http://www.armyr
ecognition.com/september_2013_defense_industry_military_news_uk/meads_air_defense_system_iff_identification_frie
nd_or_foe_system_has_been_certified_for_operation_04.html)Armyrecognition.com,4September2013
10."GermanyAnnouncesMEADSSelectionforFutureAirandMissileDefenseSystem".lockheedmartin.com.
11."AmericansMoreActiveinWisla".dziennikzbrojny.pl.
12."MEADSReadyForTransitiontoEuropeanFollowOnPrograms".lockheedmartin.com.
13."MEADS:EvolvingCapabilities"(PDF),Firesbulletin,US:Army,pp.423,JulSep2008
14.Meadsmultifunction(pressrelease),LockheedMartin,August2012
15.ThirdMeadsbattlemanagerarrivesinHuntsville(pressrelease),LockheedMartin,Feb2012
16.LightweightMeadslauncher(pressrelease),LockheedMartin,Oct2011
17.Meadsreceives66millioncontract(pressrelease),LockheedMartin,Jan2008
18.[2](http://www.lockheedmartin.com/us/news/pressreleases/2007/august/MEADSUnveilsAdvancedBattl.html)
Archived(https://web.archive.org/web/20130126233123/http://www.lockheedmartin.com/us/news/pressreleases/200
7/august/MEADSUnveilsAdvancedBattl.html)January26,2013,attheWaybackMachine.
19."pr_missiles_MEADSDemonstratesInteropeLockheedMartin".lockheedmartin.com.
20."pr_missiles_MEADSCompletesCDRReadyForLockheedMartin".lockheedmartin.com.
21."pr_missiles_FirstMEADSBattleManagerReLockheedMartin".lockheedmartin.com.
22."MEADSDemonstratesAdvancedPlugAndFightCapabilitiesinIntegrationTest".lockheedmartin.com.
23."MEADSConductsSuccessfulFirstFlightTestAtWhiteSandsMissileRange".lockheedmartin.com.
24."MEADSFlightTest#1FirstTargetIntercept".meadsamd.com.
25."MEADSLowFrequencySensorSuccessfullyCuesMultifunctionFireControlRadarinTest".lockheedmartin.com.
26."MEADSTacticalBMC4ISoftwareDemonstratesInteroperabilityinNATOExercises".lockheedmartin.com.
27."UnprecedentedDualInterceptSuccessforMEADSatWhiteSandsMissileRange".lockheedmartin.com.
28."ComprehensiveMEADSNetworkTestsDemonstrateUnmatchedPlugandFightMissileDefenseCapabilities".
lockheedmartin.com.
29."MEADSMultifunctionFireControlRadarProvesCapabilitiesinPerformanceTests".lockheedmartin.com.
30."GermanyAnnouncesMEADSSelectionforFutureAirandMissileDefenseSystem".lockheedmartin.com.

Externallinks
MEADSInternationalwebsite(http://www.meadsamd.com)
MEADSprogramwebsite
MBDAproductpage(http://www.mbdasystems.com/products/gbad/
meads/6/)GermanandItaliancontractors
LockheedMartinproductpage(http://www.lockheedmartin.com/us/pr
oducts/meads.html)U.S.contractor
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IRISTSL/SLS(http://www.diehlbgt.de/index.php?id=560&L=1)FurtherinformationontheIRIST
SL/SLSmissilebyGermanmanufacturerDiehlBGT.
Retrievedfrom"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Medium_Extended_Air_Defense_System&oldid=758356434"
Categories: Missiledefense Antiballisticmissiles 21stcenturysurfacetoairmissiles
SurfacetoairmissilesofGermany PostColdWarweaponsofGermany
Thispagewaslastmodifiedon4January2017,at23:07.
TextisavailableundertheCreativeCommonsAttributionShareAlikeLicenseadditionaltermsmayapply.By
usingthissite,youagreetotheTermsofUseandPrivacyPolicy.Wikipediaisaregisteredtrademarkofthe
WikimediaFoundation,Inc.,anonprofitorganization.

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