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    Traffic Calming

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    Abdhul Khadhir Shalayar
    The document discusses traffic calming techniques which are physical measures used to reduce vehicle speeds and volumes. It describes various traffic calming methods like speed humps, chicanes, traffic circles and evaluates their effectiveness in reducing speeds and crashes based on studies. Challenges of implementing traffic calming are also outlined.

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    Traffic Calming

    Uploaded by

    Abdhul Khadhir Shalayar
    124 views32 pages
    The document discusses traffic calming techniques which are physical measures used to reduce vehicle speeds and volumes. It describes various traffic calming methods like speed humps, chicanes, traffic circles and evaluates their effectiveness in reducing speeds and crashes based on studies. Challenges of implementing traffic calming are also outlined.

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    A presentation on various traffic calming measures and their effectiveness

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    The document discusses traffic calming techniques which are physical measures used to reduce vehicle speeds and volumes. It describes various traffic calming methods like speed humps, chicanes, traffic circles and evaluates their effectiveness in reducing speeds and crashes based on studies. Challenges of implementing traffic calming are also outlined.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    124 views32 pages

    Traffic Calming

    Uploaded by

    Abdhul Khadhir Shalayar
    The document discusses traffic calming techniques which are physical measures used to reduce vehicle speeds and volumes. It describes various traffic calming methods like speed humps, chicanes, traffic circles and evaluates their effectiveness in reducing speeds and crashes based on studies. Challenges of implementing traffic calming are also outlined.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    CE5830: TRAFFIC ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT

    Term Paper Presentation on,

    TRAFFIC CALMING

    ABDHUL KHADHIR S H
    CE16M057
    M.Tech, Semester 01,
    Transportation Engineering Division
    Department of Civil Engineering
    IIT Madras, Chennai

    Outline
    What is Traffic Calming?
    Why Traffic Calming?

    Objectives of Traffic Calming


    Different Traffic Calming

    techniques/Measures
    Effectiveness of Traffic Calming Measures
    2

    TRAFFIC CALMING, Abdhul Khadhir S.H

    Traffic Calming is the combination of

    mainly physical measures that reduce the


    negative effects of motor vehicle use, alter
    driver behaviour and improve conditions for

    non-motorized street user (ITE Definition)

    TRAFFIC CALMING, Abdhul Khadhir S.H

    Why?
    India: 1214 road crashes, 382 die every day.
    Roughly 50% VRUs
    Over speeding major cause (41%, 2014)
    Vehicle Speed
    (Km/hr)

    Risk to
    Pedestrians
    (%)

    37

    10

    51

    25

    68

    50

    80

    75

    93

    90

    Reducing speed (and volume)


    can make streets more safe to
    Vulnerable road users.
    Source: AAA Foundation for Road Safety

    TRAFFIC CALMING, Abdhul Khadhir S.H

    Objectives
    Increased safety / decrease severity of
    crashes
    Equity among transportation modes
    Make residential neighbourhoods more
    liveable
    Improve air quality and reduce noise levels
    Make streets more aesthetically pleasing
    5

    TRAFFIC CALMING, Abdhul Khadhir S.H

    Techniques / Measures
    Traffic Calming
    Volume Control

    Speed Control
    Speed
    Humps

    Full Closures

    Speed Tables

    Half Closures
    Diagonal
    diverters

    Raised
    Intersections
    Median Barriers

    TRAFFIC CALMING, Abdhul Khadhir S.H

    Traffic Circles

    VOLUME CONTROL

    Full Closure

    Partial Closure

    Diagonal Diverters

    Median Barriers

    SPEED CONTROL

    10

    Speed Humps

    Speed Tables

    11

    Raised intersections

    Traffic Circles (mini-roundabouts)

    12

    Roundabouts (Rotaries)

    Chicanes

    13

    Central Island Narrowing

    Chokers

    14

    Combined Measures
    Speed Hump with Choker
    Raised Intersection with Central Island
    Center Island with Chokers
    Raised Crosswalk with Speed Table

    15

    TRAFFIC CALMING, Abdhul Khadhir S.H

    EFFECTIVENESS OF
    TRAFFIC CALMING
    MEASURES

    16

    EFFECTIVENESS IN
    REDUCING ROAD CRASHES
    Title: Getting an insight into the effects of traffic
    calming measures on road safety
    Authors: Mattias Juhsz and Csaba Koren
    Journal: Transportation Research Records, 14

    (2016)
    17

    TRAFFIC CALMING, Abdhul Khadhir S.H

    EFFECTIVENESS IN
    REDUCING ROAD CRASHES
    Based on studies conducted in 9 Hungarian cities

    Source: Juhsz and Koren (2016)

    18

    TRAFFIC CALMING, Abdhul Khadhir S.H

    Case of Budapest city

    19

    TRAFFIC CALMING, Abdhul Khadhir S.H

    EFFECTIVENESS IN REDUCING
    SPEED
    Title: Speed-calming measures and their effect
    on driving speed Test of a new technique
    measuring speeds based on GNSS data
    Authors: Niels Agerholm, Daniel Knudsen, and
    Kajan Variyeswaran
    Journal: Transportation Research Part F

    20

    TRAFFIC CALMING, Abdhul Khadhir S.H

    EFFECTIVENESS IN REDUCING
    SPEED
    Speed humps and chicanes studied

    Hypothesis
    chicanes & humps mean speed reduction
    similar
    Chicanes more speed variation
    Floating Car Data (FCD)
    21

    TRAFFIC CALMING, Abdhul Khadhir S.H

    FCD collected before and after

    Stretch with 2 chicanes and 3 humps


    Distance between adjacent SCs is 100-350 m
    Street divided into 12.5 m segments

    22

    TRAFFIC CALMING, Abdhul Khadhir S.H

    Effectiveness of Humps

    Mean Speed reduced 5 kmph (55-50kmph)


    Reduction more near the Hump
    Not prominent beyond 75m
    23

    TRAFFIC CALMING, Abdhul Khadhir S.H

    Effectiveness of Chicanes

    Mean Speed reduced = 6 Kmph (49.3-43.2Kmph)


    Reduction more within 75 m of the Chicane

    Effect of Chicane not prominent beyond 125m


    24

    TRAFFIC CALMING, Abdhul Khadhir S.H

    Before and After

    25

    Findings
    Mean speed reduced from 53.5 kmph to
    49.4kmph and 85th percentile speed 59.9-53.6
    kmph. BOTH REDUCES SPEED
    Chicanes reduce Standard deviation by
    0.9Kmph and Humps reduce SD by 1.8 kmph.
    HUMPS BETTER REDUCE SPEED
    VARIATION
    26

    TRAFFIC CALMING, Abdhul Khadhir S.H

    CHALLENGES
    Emergency Vehicles: Delay to emergency
    vehicles like ambulance, fire engine, etc.

    Use Speed Cushions


    Cyclists can also
    utilize the gap in
    the SC measure
    27

    TRAFFIC CALMING, Abdhul Khadhir S.H

    CHALLENGES (Contd.)
    Public outcry

    include Public in planning and design


    Improper design: Drainage problems, Noise
    and air pollution

    28

    TRAFFIC CALMING, Abdhul Khadhir S.H

    CONCLUSION
    Effective in reducing speed, volume & crash
    occurrences
    Higher efficiency than conventional measures
    Less or no enforcement requirement
    Equity to transportation modes
    Quality of the environment and streets more
    liveable
    29

    TRAFFIC CALMING, Abdhul Khadhir S.H

    REFERENCES

    Agerholm, N., Knudsen,D., and Variyeswaran, K. (2016), Speed-calming


    measures and their effect on driving speed Test of a new technique measuring
    speeds based on GNSS data., Transportation Research Part F. (in press)
    <http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369847816301309>

    Ahmed, A., and Bagchi, R. (2013), Traffic Calming in Indian Perspective,


    International Journal of Chemical, Environmental & Biological Sciences., 1(3).

    Juhsz , M., and Koren, C. (2016), Getting an Insight into the Effects of Traffic
    Calming Measures on Road Safety, Transportation Research Records, 14(1),
    3811-3820.

    30

    TRAFFIC CALMING, Abdhul Khadhir S.H

    31

    32

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