(1915) Handbook of The Amateur Athletic Union

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ATHLETIC LIBRARY
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OFFICIALAMATEUR ATHLETIC
UNION CHAMPIONSHIP
DIE MEDAL
Spalding's Athletic Library
Group VII. No. 12A
Official Athletic Rules

and
Official Handbook
of the Amateur
Athletic Union of
the United States
Constitution, By-Laws, General and Athletic

Rules of the Amateur Athletic Union in
force April i, 1915.
Articles of Alliance with Allied Members.
PUBLISHED BY
AMERICAN SPORTS PUBLISHING COMPANY
21 Warren Street, New York
Copyright, 1915, by American Sports Publishing Company.

uil CONTENTS.
PAGE
Introduction 4
Officers 7
Constitution .
.
, U
By-Laws /.
.'
28
General Rules 35
Athletic Rules 56
Combined Competltlbns .......> , 80
Special Events 86
Swimming Events 88
Diving Events 90
Water Polo 100
Boxing 106
Wrestling 109
Gymnastics HI
Specifications for Official Implements 113
Specifications of Apparatus 116
Articles of Alliance—
With North American Gymnastic Union 121
With Intercollegiate Association of Amateur Athletes of America 123
With Military Athletic Leagne 124
With National Cycling Association 125

With Amateur Fencers' League of America 127
With Federation of American Motorcyclists 128

With International Skating Union of America 129
With Union Internationale des Societies Sportives Egyptiennes 130
With United States of America Foot Ball Association 131

With Amateur Athletic Union of Canada 132
With Canadian Amateur Swimming Association 134
Form of Constitution for Active Associations 136
Form of By-Laws for Active Associations 142
When an Amateur Becomes a Professional 146

Special Legislation Authorized by the A. A. U 148
Form of Club Application for Membership in an Association of the A. A. U. ir>?
JUL "3 191,5
§)G(.A406574
:
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY^
INTRODUCTION.
The athletic and general rules herein presented show many
marked changes over the rules of 1914 and it may be of interest
to the American athletic world to know how these changes were
brought about. The late James E. Sullivan, the former Secre-
tary-Treasurer of the Amateur Athletic Union of the United
States for several years advocated standard rules, to be known
as "World's Rules,'' and when the first meeting of the Inter-
national Amateur Athletic Federation was called, he urged the
members of the Federation to adopt uniform athletic rules so as
to enable the athletes of the world to be accustomed to competing
under conditions similar to those in force at future Olympic
Games. The following reports and resolutions are self-explan-
atory :
At the annual meeting of the Amateur Athletic Union of the

United States, held in New York City on November 16, 1914,
President Alfred J. Lill, Jr., in his annual report made the fol-
lowing statements in reference to the International Amateur
Athletic Federation Congress
"This meeting was participated in by representatives from
sixteen different countries, and was held at Lyons, France, from
June 2 to June 11, 1914, and was productive of a book of common
law governing athletic competition throughout the entire world.
This code of rules was subsequently adopted at the Olympic
•
Congress held in Paris, from June 13 to June 24, and will be m

force after January 1, 1915, where international competition is
held. The members of the committee appointed by your Presi-
dent to represent the United States at these conferences, Messrs.
J. E. Sullivan, J. B. Maccabe, E. C.
Brown and myself, can
"1 review with commendable pride the part they took in framing
>t? these new laws, for practically every view presented by one of
^«. your representatives was accepted as the most expert and modern
>. thought upon the subject involved, and embodied as part of the
rV^ new regulations governing athletic competition among nations.
Our only regret was that the wisdom and advice of Justice B. S.
Weeks, who was appointed but was unable to attend, could not
have been heard in the councils of the International bodies."
^
.\^
To show how much the word of the delegates of the Amateur
Athletic Union was appreciated, the following is quoted from
i^ the official minutes of the International Amateur Athletic Fed-
eration :
4 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY.
"The Committeeappointed by the International Amateur

Athletic Federation, at its Congress in Berlin, in August, 1913,
to frame rules, etc., for international athletic competitions, de-
sires to place on record its appreciation of the work accom-
plished by its Chairman, Mr. James E. Sullivan, in the prepara-
tion of rules and the incorporation of the suggestions of mem-
bers of the committee, which has reduced the work of the com-
mittee to a minimum.
"The Committee also desires to record its appreciation of Mr.
Sullivan's efforts to procure a complete set of implements to
submit to the Congress at Lyons, which the committee feels has
caused Mr. Sullivan much thought, time and expense."
The following resolution was adopted by the Congress
Resolved, That this congress approves the athletic
rules drafted by the rules committee at this session,
and that said rules become operative on January 1, 1915,
and that all international competitions arranged on and
after that date must be held under said rules and, be it
;
further
Resolved, That Mr. James E. Sullivan, Chairman of
the Rules Committee be invited to publish said rules
and distribute them among the members of the Federa-
tion.
Resolved, That all matters agreed at this Congress
refer only to international meetings under the Amateur
Athletic Federation, and are not binding upon the mem-
bers of the International Amateur Athletic Federation as
far as concerns their domestic affairs, but it is hoped
that all members may in time find themselves able to
adopt the International Amateur Athletic Federation's
laws and regulations for athletic events in their respect-
ive countries.
At the annual meeting of the Amateur Athletic Union of the

United States last November, the following resolution regarding
the preparation of a set of general and athletic rules to conform
with those adopted by the International Amateur Athletic Feder^
ation, was adopted :
// ^
Resolved, That the rules of athletics be referred to a .

'
committee for the purpose of preparing same, in view of

the suggestions made at the meeting this afternoon, and
submit same to the Board of Governors for a mail vote
thereon.
:
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRART. 5
President Alfred J. Lill, Jr., then appointed the following

men on the committee: Justice Bartow S. Weeks, Chairman;
Gustavus T. Kirby and Herman Meyer.
The Committee made a careful study of all of the rules of
the Amateur Athletic Union and endeavored as far as possible to
make these rules corl'espond to the rules of the International
Amateur Athletic Federation. A copy of the proposed rules
was mailed to the members of the Board of Governors of the
Amateur Athletic Union, accompanied by the following letter,
which calls attention to the more important changes
March 8, 1915.
To THE MkMBERS of THE BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE AmATEUR AtHLETIC
Un ion :
Gentlemen:
The Committee appointed at the .'\nnual Meeting in November, 1914,
present herewith the amended General Rules and Athletic Rules for your
approval. In this connection we desire to call your particular attention
to some of the more important clianges which have been made.
(1) General Rule IV —The per diem for traveling expenses has been
reduced to five dollars, to harmonize with the Federation rule.
(2) General —
Rule VI The programme for the indoor championship
meeting has been changed.
(3) The Decathlon has been substituted for the individual all-around,
in accordance with the action taken at the annual meeting.
(4) The eligibility to the Junior Association Championships in Swimming
has been changed so that winners of second and third places in a Senior
Association Swimming Championship shall nevertheless be eligible for the
Junior Association Swimming Championships.
(5) General Rule \'II — Records are only allowed in the weight events,
discus and javelin when the implements have been officially stamped. This
is in accordance with the rules adopted by the International Amateur
Athletic Federation and is in the interest of standardization. No just
criticism can be made of this provision, because any individual or man-
ufacturer is entitled to have the stamp placed upon the implement if it
complies absolutely with the specifications. The adoption of this will
undoubtedly eliminate many of the difficulties that have arisen in the
past from short-weight shots, hammers, etc., and will prevent the at-
tempted use of javelins and disci which do not comply with the rules.
(6) General Rule X — Winners of survivor prizes are not taken out of
the novice class.
(7) General Rule XIV —Trunks are required to reach within four inches
of the knee and the style of apparel must not make an indecent display
of the competitor's person.
(8) Athletic Rule I — Certain additional officials are provided, whose
duties are defined in the succeeding rules.
(9) Rule X\'ITI — Competing to lose, or coach, disqualifies.
(10) Rule XXIII — In weight events, except in throwing the heavy weight
for height, competitors are no longer allowed to leave the circle by the
rear half. A competitor must remain in the circle until his attempt is
marked (not measured) by the officials.
(11) Athletic Rule XXIV— The rule for the finish has been taken from
the Federation rules, which in turn was taken from the rules of the
Intercollegiate Association of Amateur Athletes of America.
6 SPAr,DING'S ATHLETIC LIBRAKY.
(12) Athletic Rule XXIX —

In handicap events, both track and field,
the competitor who received the least allowance is given the place.
(13) Athletic Rule XXX —
In jumping and pole vaulting, "balk" lines
are provided for, and tzi'o successive "balks" are counted as a trial.
—
(14) Running High Jump The uprights are not allowed to be moved
during the competition.
(15) Rule XXXII—
Provision is made for sprinkling the ground jiist
beyond the take-oflf, to make the fouls more easily discernible. This ioU
lows the Federation rule.
(16) Rule XXXVI — —
Discus The circle is 8 feet 21^ inches in diameter
instead of 7 feet.
(17) Rule XLII Marathon — —
Competitors are not allowed to receive
coaching assistance or refreshments during the race. This is in accord-
ance with the Federation rule and as the Marathon Race has received its
popularity by reason of being included in the Olympic programme, it has
been deemed wise to retain this provision.
(18) Rule XLIV — —
Relay Racing The rule has been modified in accord-
ance_ with the Federation rule creating a zone of twenty yards ten yards
on either side of the starting line— within which the baton must be passed.
—
(19) Rule XLVIII— A Definition of Walking has been inserted, cor-
responding with the definition prepared by Mr. Richard Coombes of
Australia, but the disqualification without warning is only provided for in
the last 220 yards instead of 440 yards, as prevalent in Australia. (See
Athletic Rule VIII.)
(20) Athletic Rule XXV—
Tracks are to be measured twelve inches
from the curb instead of eighteen inches.
—
Gymnastic Rules Flying Rings have been added to the all-around
competition.
Potato Racing —A
new rule has been prepared.
It is to receive prompt approval by the
be hoped that these rules will
members ofBoard of Governors, so that they may become effective
the
as soon possible, and unless you are very strongly opposed to the
as
changes which have been made, it is hoped that you will permit them to
become operative and give them a trial, having in mind that any change
which proves to be unwise can be corrected at the annual meeting next
November, when the delegates will be present and have an opportunity to
determine the matter after full discussion and exchange of views.
Yours very truly,
BARTOW S. WEEKS,
Chairman Committee on General and Athletic Rules,
All o.f these rules were adopted, with the exception of No. 17,
Rule XLII, relating to Marathon Running. The Board of
Governors voted to permit competitors to receive coaching as-
sistance in races of five miles or over, with the approval of the
Referee or Judges.
The only change in the Constitution and ByrLaws was an
amendment to Article X of the Constitution, permitting the reg-
istration of women for swimming events confined exclusively
to women.
These rules effective April 1, 1915.
FREDERICK W. RUBIEN,
Secre tary- Treasurer.
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY.
Amateur Athletic Union

OF THE
United States.
President.
ALFRED J. LILL, JR.,
New Enpfland Association.
387 Washington Street, Boston, Mass.
Vice-Presidents,
JOHN ELLIOTT,
Pacific Association.
GEORGE F. PAWLING,
Middle Atlantic Association
CHARLES A. DEAN,
Central Association.
GEORGE J. TURNER,
South Atlantic Associatioi
Secretary-Treasurer,
FREDERICK W. RUBIEN
Metropolitan Association,
2T Warren Street, New York.
Board of Governors.
Alfred J. Lill, Jr 387 Washington Street, Boston, Mass.
John Elliott 42 Clay Street, San Francisco, Cal.
George F. Pawling 1400 Vine Street, Philadelphia, Pa.
Lieut. Charles A.Dean 14 E. Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, 111.
George Turner... <ii6 Chamber of Commerce, Baltimore, Md.
J.
Frederick W. Rubien. 21 Warren Street, New York
Justice Bartow S. Weeks 51 Street, New York
Chambers
Jacob W. Stumpf Warren Street, New York
21
Frederick J. V. Delany 10 West 20th Street, New York
Terence Farley 1606 Municipal Building, New York
H. Obertubbesing 340 West 51st Street, New York

Richard M, .Walsh,; ....>... .6 Beacon Street, Boston, Mass.
M. F. Winston .114 Eutaw Avenue, Lynn, Mass.
William C. Prout 60 State Street, Boston, Mass.
George Z. Sutton. ..... ..1616 Jefferson Street, Philadelphia, Pa.
Herman Meyer 1400 Vine Street, Philadelphia, Pa.
Frederick W. Bauer 1005 Morris Building, Philadelphia, Pa.
John T. Taylor 228 Oliver Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa.
George K. Herman 100 North LaSalle Street, Chicago, 111.
Harry F. Keater. 421 The Rookery, Chicago, 111.
Everett C. Brown Exchange Building, Chicago, 111.
57-59
Lieut. O. E. Michaelis..U. S. A., Presidio of San Francisco, Cal.
George James Olympic Club, San Francisco, Cal.
Herbert Hauser 4670 San Sebastian Avenue, Oakland, Cal.
William Burdick, M.D 801 Garrett Building, Baltimore, Md.
Col. Washington Bowie, Jr.. 607 Fidelity Building, Baltimore, Md.
T. Morris Dunne Multnomah A.A.C., Portland, Ore.
A. S. Goldsmith ., . Seattle Athletic Club, Seattle, Wash.
H. S. Burdick Multnomah A. A. C, Portland, Ore.
John J. O'Connor. 5048 Ridge Avenue, St. Louis, Mo.
Florance J. Curran. .Care Curran Printing Co., St. Louis, Mo.
. . .
C. S. Stephens 401 North Broadway, St. Louis, Mo.

W. Pyke Johnson 2715 Gilpin Street, Denver, Colo.
R. G. Parvin Denver Athletic Club, Denver, Colo.
David J. Main E. and C. Building, Denver, Colo,
Harry W. Fitzpatrick 528 Canal Street, New Orleans, La.
Sid B. Jones Sheffield, Ala.
L. di Benedetto. Room 29, Old Bldg., City Hall, New Orleans, La.
Seward A. Simons. .
Los Angeles, Cal.
..812-14 Security Building,
Wallace L. Robb 321 West Seventh Street, Los Angeles, Cal.
R. W. Horning Y. M. C. A., Los Angeles, Cal.
Williard Ashton. ..Granite H. S., 14 S. & Fifth E. Salt Lake City
William E. Day H. S. East, Salt Lake City
Capt. Freeman Bassett 27 East Second South, Salt Lake City
Harry McMillan 181 5 Wallace Street, Philadelphia, Pa.
Edward E. Babb 93 Federal Street, Boston, Mass.
W. H. Liginger. 420 Cass Street, Milwaukee, Wis.
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. g
Joseph B. Maccabe Argus Advocate, East Boston, Mass.

Gustavus T. Kirby. 2 E. 23d Street, New York
Major John J. Dixon 82 Fulton Street, New York
A. G. Mills 559 W. 26th Street, New York
Dr. Luther Halsey Guiick 461 Fourth Avenue, New York City
Charles H. Carter Trcinont Street, Boston, Mass.
loi
F. J. V. Skiff Exposition Building, San Francisco, Cal.
Col. Robert M. Thompson. . . .43 Exchange Place. New York City
A. F. Dugosh San Antonio, Tex.
102 Henrietta Street,
R. S. Isreal care Wolf and Marx Co., San Antonio, Tex.
George Wheeler. Y. M. C. A., San Antonio, Tex.
Lorrin Andrews P. O. Box 1393, Honolulu, T. H.
George F. Low Box 2,2-], Honolulu, T. H'.
P. O.
J.F. Soper Box 617, Honolulu, T. H.

P. O.
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Col. W. B. Hotchkin, 22d Regt., 168th St. and B'way, New York
W. Scott O'Connor 55 Broadway, New York
Richard F. Kelsey no West 40th Street, New York
R. G. Betts .408 West 146th Street, New York
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Sam C. Austin 69 West 66th Street, New York

Dr. G. Randolph Manning 216 West looth Street, New York
Active Association Members.

The New England Association of the A.A.U.
The Metropolitan Association of the A.A.U.
The Middle Atlantic Association of the A.A.U.
The South Atlantic Association of the A.A.U.
The Central Association of the A.A.U.
The Southern Association of the A.A.U.
The Western Association of the A.A.U.
The Rocky Mountain Association of the A.A.U.
The Pacific Association of the A.A.U.
The Pacific Northwest Association of the A.A.U.
The Southern Pacific Association of the A.A.U.
The Hawaiian Amateur Athletic Association of th- A.A.U.
The Texas Association of the A.A.U.
The Inter-Mountain Association of the A.A.U.
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LJBRARY.
Allied Members.
North American Gymnastic Union.
Intercollegiate Amateur Athletic Association of America.
Military Athletic League.
The Amateur Fencers' League of America.
National Cycling Association.
The Federation of American Motorcyclists.
Union des Societies Francaises de Sports Athletiques.
The International Skating Union.
Union Internationale des Societies Sportive Egyptiennes.
United States of America Football Association.
Amateur Athletic Union of Canada.
Canadian Amateur Swimming Association.
Holding Membership In.
International Amateur Swimming Federation (Federation

Internationale de Natation Amateur).
International Amateur Athletic Federation.
CONSTITUTION
OF THE

OF THE
United States.
ARTICLE I.
This organization shall be known as the Amateur Athletic

Union of the United States.
ARTICLE II.
OBJECTS.
The objects of this Union are:
r. The encouragement of systematic phj'sica! exercise and
education in the United States.
2. The improvement and promotion of athletic sports among
amateurs.
3. 1 he incorporation of all eligible amateur athletic clubs in
the_ United States into such separate associations of clubs, with
active membership and representation in this Union, as may,
from time to time, be deemed best adapted to advance the cause
of amateur athletics throughout the United States, and to foster
and promote the interests of the several clubs.
4. The establishment and maintenance, by allied membership
or otherwise, of alliances with associations of general or special
jurisdiction, and composed of clubs or otherwise designated
bodies of individual members, devoted wholly or partially to
physical culture or to some specialty in athletics.
5. The establishment and maintenance throughout the United
States of a uniform test of amateur standing, and uniform rules
for the government of all athletics sports within its jurisdiction.
6. The institution, regulation and awarding of the amateur
athletic championships of the United States.
7. The promotion of National, State and local legislation in
the interest of the institution of public gymnasia, baths and fields
for track and field amateur sports in the United States.
8. The institution of a Bureau of Records covering all branches
of amateur sport in the United States.
: :
12 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRAKT.
ARTICLE III.
MEMBERS.
1.This Union shall consist of allied and active members.
2.Allied members are such associations (described in Section
4, Article II., of this Constitution) as may enter into alliance
with this Union, as hereinafter provided.
3. Active members are the associations of the Amateur Ath-
letic Union clubs, known as
The New England Association of the Amateur Athletic Union.
The Metropolitan Association of the Amateur Athletic Union.
The Middle Atlantic Association of the Amateur Athletic Union.
The South Atlantic Association of the Amateur Athletic Union.
The Central Association of the Amateur Athletic Union.
The Southern Association of the Amateur Athletic Union.
The Western Association of the Amateur Athletic Union.
The Pacific Association of the Amateur Athletic Union.
The Pacific Northwest Association of the Amateur Athletic
Union.
The Southern Pacific Association of the Amateur Athletic Union.
The Rocky Mountain Association of the Amateur Athletic Union.
The Hawaiian Amateur Athletic Association of the Amateur
Athletic Union.
The Texas Association of the Amateur Athletic Union.
The Inter-Mountain Association of the Amateur Athletic
Union.
And such other associations of the Amateur Athletic Union clubs
as may, from time to time, be admitted to membership, as here-
inafter provided.
4. Until, by two-thirds vote of the Board of Governors of
this Union, a change or changes shall be made in the allotment
of territory, the territory of the several active members shall
be as follows
—
New England Association Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont,
Massachusetts, Rhode Island.
—
Metropolitan Association New York. New Jersey, north of
Trenton Connecticut transferred from New England Association
;
to Metropolitan Association, August, 1905.

—
Middle Atlantic Association (I'ôrmed 1906) New Jersey, south
of and including Trenton Delaware, Pennsylvania Jefferson,
;
;
Columbiana and Belmont Counties, Ohio (taken from Central

Association and added to Middle Atlantic Association, November.
1912). Hancock, Brooks, Marshall, Wetsell, Ohio and Mononga-
hela Counties in West Virginia (taken from South Atlantic
Association and added to Middle Atlantic Association, Novem-
ber, 1913)-
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 18
South Atlantic —
Association Virginia, District of Columbia,
Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina and West Virginia,
except Hancock, Brooks, Marshall, Wetsell, Ohio and Mononga-
hela Counties.
Central Association— Ohio (except Jefferson, Columbiana and
Belmont Counties) Illinois (except St. Clair County) Indiana,
; ;
Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa, Minnesota; Kentucky (Powell and

Kenton Counties transferred from Western Association to Cen-
tral Association, November, 191 1).
Pacific Association —
California, north of Tehachapi Pass;
Nevada.
Pacific Northwest Association (Organized June, 1905) —Wash-
ington, Alaska, Oregon.
Rocky Mountain Association (Organized November, 1906) —
Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico.
Southern Association — Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana,
Mississippi, Tennessee.
Western Association — Missouri,
Arkansas, Oklahoma, South
Dakota, Indian Territory, Kansas, North Dakota, Nebraska St. ;
Clair County, III, transferred from Central Association to West-

ern Association, November, 1905; Kentucky (except Powell and
Kenton Counties).
Southern Pacific Association (Organized November, 1909) —
.\rizona California, south of Tehachapi Pass. Canal Zone added
;
November, 1914.
Hawaiian Amateur Athletic Association (Organized November,
1910, —
by territory taken from Pacific Association) Territory of
Hawaii, the five islands Oahu, Hawaii, Maui, Kauai, and Molokai.
Texas Association (Organized March, 191 1, by territory taken
—
from Southern Association) Entire State of Texas.
Inter-Mountain Association (Organized October, 1913, by terri-
tory taken from Pacific Northwest and Rocky Mountain Asso-
ciations) —
Territory of Idaho, Montana and Utah.
ARTICLE IV.
CONDITIONS OF MEMBERSHIP.
1. An allied member may at any time be admitted by a two-
thirds vote of the Board of Governors of this Union, upon such
conditions, consistent with the provisions of this- Constitution,
as may be agreed upon between such proposed allied member and
the Board of Governors.
2. An active member may at any time be admitted upon the
following conditions: (a) That application in writing, in the
form prescribed by the By-Laws of this Union, be made to the
Secretary-Treasurer of the Union, (b) That such membership

shall be subject to suspension or forfeiture in the event of failure
to comply with any requirements of this constitution or of any
by-law hereunder, or any decree or ruling of the Board of Gov-
ernors or of the National Registration Committee; and it is
expressly stipulated that any decree of suspension or forfeiture,
when affirmed by two-thirds of the Board of Governors voting,
shall be final and binding, (c) That it shall not make any
amendment of its Constitution or By-Laws without first sub-
mitting the proposed amendment to the Board of Governors
of this Union, and that any such amendment made without
the vote of a majority of the Board of Governors shall be
void. (d) That in the event of its club membership being
reduced to less than four organizations, its membership in this
Union shall cease, and this Union shall be entitled to allot its
surviving clubs and territory to any other active member, (e)
That in the event of any clubs making formal application to be
admitted, as a separate association, to active membership in this
Union, this Union shall be empowered, in its discretion, by a
two-thirds vote of its Board of Governors voting, to admit the
same as an active member, and to allot its territory, (f) That
all games or athletic meetings given by such member, and the
qualifications of all persons competing at such meetings, either as
members of its clubs or as unattached athletes, shall be in con-
formity with the "Conditions of Competition" prescribed by this
Constitution, and the By-Laws and Rules adopted and prescribed
by the Board of Governors, (g) That such membership shall
take effect upon the election of the applicant by a two-thirds vote
of the Board of Governors voting, (h) The prescribed form of
Constitution and By-Laws of each of the Associations, specified
in Section 3 of Article IIL of this Constitution, upon their assum-
ing active membership in this Union, is appended to this Con-
stitution.
ARTICLE V.
OBLIGATIONS, SUSPENSION AND EXPULSION OF MEMBERS.
1. The acceptance of allied membership in this Union by any
allied Association shall operate as an agreement binding upon this
Union and such allied member that both will abide by the terms
of the alliance until either party, upon such notice as agreed upon
in the terms of alliance, shall voluntarily withdraw therefrom.
2. The acceptance of active membership in this Union shall
bind such member to abide by all the conditions thereof as set
forth in Section 2 of Article IV of this Constitution, and also all
other provisions of this Constitution and of the By-Laws and
Rules of this Union; and to accept and enforce all decisions of
the Board of Governors and of the National Registration Com-

mittee.
3. Any violation of the Constitution, By-Laws or Rules of
this Union, or decisions of the Board of Governors, or of the
National Registration Committee, by any active member of this
Union shall render such member liable to suspension by the
Board of Governors until the next annual or special meeting of
this Union, and to expulsion by a two-thirds vote of all the active
members voting at such meeting. In case of persistent defiance of
directions of this Union, such active member may be expelled,
and the territory thereof reorganized or divided between the
other members of the Union, consistently with the Constitution.
ARTICLE VI.
REPRESENTATION OF MEMBERS.
1. Every allied member shall be entitled (unless otherwise
provided in the terms of alliance) to be represented at every
meeting of this Union by not more than four delegates or alter-
nates of such delegates, having, collectively, one vote.
2. Every active member must elect annually six delegates to
represent at meetings of the Union, and such delegates must be
it
members in good standing of clubs belonging to such member,

and may also elect six alternates of such delegates, who must be
members of any of its own or of any other active member's clubs,
except that no member of the Board of Governors shall be elected
an alternate, and in no case shall any delegate or alternate repre-
sent more than one active or allied member. All the representa-
tives of one active member shall collectively have one vote.
3. The election of every delegate and alternate shall be duly
certified by the principal executive officer of the active or allied
member.
4. All members of the Board of Governors shall be elected
from the duly certified delegates. No alternate shall be elected
a member of the board.
5. Election of members of the Board of Governors shall occur
at the annual meeting and by majority vote of representatives
present and entitled to vote. The Board of Governors, upon the
occurrence of a vacancy therein from any cause, may elect, by a
majority vote of members voting, a new member of said Board,
but only from the member's delegation in which the said vacancy
shall have occurred. Such member so elected shall, if he con-
tinues eligible, serve until the next annual meeting thereafter.
6. Any allied or active member may at any time, on notice ad-
dressed to the Secretary-Treasurer of this Union by the chief
executive officer of such member, withdraw any or all of its dele-
gates, provided a like number of delegates be at the same time

substituted for those withdrawn and if any delegate so with-
;
drawn be at the time a member of the Board of Governors, the

Board shall fill the vacancy as provided in Section 5 of this
Article.
ARTICLE VII.
GOVERNMENT.
1. The government and general direction of the afifairs of the
Union committed to a Board of Governors constituted as
shall be
follows : One
representative from each allied member and five
delegates-at-large, and each ex-President of the Union who shall
have served a full term and is a member in good standing of an
A.A.U. club; and each ex-Secretary of the Union who shall
have served a full term and is a member in good standing of an
A.A.U. club three representatives from each active member
;
and one additional representative from each active member for

twenty-five clubs above the four clubs required to constitute an
active member, belonging to said active member.
2. The Board of Governors shall be elected at each annual
meeting of the Union for a term of one year, or until their suc-
cessors are elected.
3. The Board of Governors, so elected, shall elect from their
own number a President, four Vice-Presidents, a Secretary-
Treasurer, each of whom shall serve for a term of one year or
until his successor is chosen, and each of whom shall perform
the duties prescribed by the By-Laws.
4. At the first meeting of the Board of Governors after each
annual meeting of the Amateur Athletic Union, the President,
with the advice and consent of the Board of Governors, shall
appoint from among the membership of the active and allied
members of the Union, five delegates-at-large, who shall have
all rights and privileges of other members of the Board. The
five delegates-at-large so appointed shall, collectively, have one
vote, and the ex-Presidents with the ex-Secretaries of the Union
shall, collectively, have one vote at all meetings of the Amateur
Athletic Union and of the Board of Governors.
5. Whenever the Union shall be entitled to representation in
an allied member, the President shall appoint such representative
from among the membership of the active members of the Union.
ARTICLE VIII.
DUTIES AND POWERS OF BOARD OF GOVERNORS.
The Board of Governors shall, in addition to the powers else-
where in this Constitution prescribed, have power;
:
1. To admit to allied or active membership any association

eligible under this Constitution applying therefor, if by a two-
thirds vote they deem proper.
2. To prescribe and amend By-Laws and Rules for the gov-
ernment of the Union, not inconsistent with or beyond the scope
of the provisions of this Constitution.
3. To impose and enforce penalties for any violation of the
Constitution, By-Laws or Rules of the Union.
4. By a majority vote of members voting to remove any sus-
pension or remit any penalty, pertaining to any person or organi-
zation.
5. To reject any entries to competition (if deemed objection-
able) at any national championship meeting, and to delegate this
power to its sub-committee.
6. By a two-thirds vote to remove front office on fifteen days'
written notice any member of the Board of Governors who, by
neglect of duty or by conduct tending to impair his usefulness as
a member of such Board, shall be deemed to have forfeited his
position.
7. By a majority vote to declare vacant the position of any
member of the Board of Governors (a) who shall have ceased
to be a delegate, or (b) who shall have ceased to be a member
of any club belonging to the member which elected him a dele-
gate, or (c) Mîen the member which elected him a delegate shall
have ceased to be a member of this Union.
8. To fill vacancies in the Board of Governors occurring from
any cause.
9. To collect the dues or funds of the Union and to expend
the same.
10. To regular and special meetings of the Union and to
call
fix the time and place for holding all meetings not fixed by this
Constitution.
11. To institute, locate, conduct and manage all amateur
national championship meetings.
12. To establish and define rules for the government of ath-
letic sports.
13. To explain, define and interpret any provision of this Con-
stitution or any By-Law or Rule.
14. To appoint committees from its own number and from
members of clubs within this Union or from its allied members.
ARTICLE IX.
JURISDICTION.
This Union recognizes all amateur sports and claims jurisdiction
over the following classes
1. Basket Ball. 7. Pole Vaulting.

2. Boxing. 8. Putting the Shot and throw-
3. Gymnastics. ing the Hammer and
4. Handball. Weights.
5. Running, including hurdle, 9. Swimming.
obstacle racing and 10. Tug-of-War.
steeplechasing. 11. Walking.
6. Jumping. 12. Wrestling.
ARTICLE X.
CONDITIONS OF COMPETITION,
I. No person shall be eligible to compete in any athletic meet-
ing, game or entertainment given or sanctioned by this Union
who has (i) received or competed for compensation or reward,
in any form, for the display, exercise or example of his skill
in or knowledge of any athletic exercise, or for rendering per-
sonal service of any kind to any athletic organization, or for
becoming or continuing a member of any athletic organization,
or received or accepted any prize or reward for an exhi-
bition, or otherwise than in a recognized competition; or
(2) has entered any competition under a name other than his
own, or from a club of which he was not at that time a mem-
ber in good standing; or (3) has knowingly entered any compe-
tition open to any professional or professionals, or has know-
ingly competed with any professional for any prize or token or ;
(4) has issued or allowed to be issued in his behalf any chal-

lenge to compete against any professional or for money, or has
agreed to become a professional, or has agreed to, enter employ-
ment of any kind that would make him a professional, or (5)
has pawned, bartered or sold any prize won in athletic competi-
tion, or (6) is not a registered athlete. Nor shall any person
residing within the territory of any active member of this Union
be eligible to compete for or to enter any competition as a mem-
ber of any club in the territory of any other active' member of
this Union, unless he shall have been elected to membership in
such club prior to April i, i8gi.
A student representing a university, college, school or other
educational institution must consider such institution his resi-
dence for the purpose of registration,' to represent such institu-
tion in competition; such student between June ist and October
1st may transfer his registration to a club or other organization
belonging to an active or allied member of this Union located in
the district of his actual residence, which for this purpose shall
be the residence of his parents or guardian, if he be a minor,
or his last place of abode before entering his educational insti-

tution, if he be an adult, and upon the opening of the scholastic
year he may be retransferrcd to his educational institution.
2. (a) No one shall be eligible to compete in any athletic
meeting, games or entertainment given or sanctioned by this
Union unless he shall be a duly registered athlete and a member
of the Organization from which he enters; nor shall any member
of any club in this Union, or of any club in any district in this
Union, be allowed to compete as a representative of such club
in case he has within one year competed as a member of any
other club then in this Union, unless such other club shall have
disbanded or practically ceased to exist, or .imless he has taken
a bona tide residence in another district of this Union.
(b) No person shall be eligible to compete for or enter any
competition as a member of any club in the territory of any
active member of this Union unless he shall have resided within
the territory of said active member at least four months previous
to entering for competition.
(c) No person shall be eligible to enter or compete in any
district championship meeting unless he shall have been a bona
fide resident of such district at least six months prior to the
holding of such championship meeting; provided, however, that
a registered athlete who has resigned from a club that is a mem-
ber of the Amateur Athletic Union shall for one year after such
resignation be entitled to compete in the championship meetings
of the district in which he has been a bona fide resident for at
least six months prior to the holding of such championship meet-
ings, and provided also that any association may provide that no
person shall be allowed to compete at a district championship as
a representative of a club unless he was a member of such club
on November 20, 1911, or unless he resides within a radius from
the headquarters of such club of such number of miles, not less
than one hundred, as may be determined by the By-Laws of such
Association.
(d) No person who has been registered in any association of
the Amateur Athletic Union shall be eligible to compete for or
enter any competition as a member of any club in the territory of
any other active member of this Union until four months after
filing his application for registration, and shall not be eligible
to enter or compete in a district championship until six months
after filing his application for registration.
(e) These restrictions shall not apply to undergraduates of an
educational institution when representing such institution in com-
petition.
(f) No person shall be eligible to compete in a championship
meeting of more than one district in one year.
20 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARX.
3. No
prizes shall be given by any individual, clilb, committee
or association, or competed for or accepted by any athlete, except
suitably inscribed wreaths, diplomas, banners, badges, medals,
timepieces and mantel ornaments, or suitably inscribed articles
of jewelry, silverware, table or toilet service, unless authorized
by the Registration Committee, and said prizes shall not exceed
the cost of $35 for first, $20 for second, and $10 for third prize,
unless by special permission challenge trophies or other similar
prizes are authorized by the Registration Committee and a record
kept of such authorization. Suitable team and individual prizes
may be awarded for team competitions in a single specialty.
4. The prohibitions of this article shall not apply to tokens or
prizes (other than money), composed in whole or in part of
metal, and bearing inscriptions denoting the event or contest,
in any case where such tokens or prizes shall have been given
or sanctioned by this Union, or any of its members, or prior to
the formation of this Union, by any recognized amateur organi-
zation provided, that if any person shall, at any time after
;
April I, 1891, sell, pledge or exchange for any other thing, any
such token or prize, he shall thereafter be ineligible, and he
shall likewise be ineligible if at the time of the competition or
entry therefor he be disqualified or under suspension by this
Union, or any of its members, or any organization allied with, or
approved by it.
5. Persons not debarred by any of the foregoing provisions of
this Article, or who, having become ineligible by violation
thereof, or of any heretofore recognized rule of amateur stand-
ing, have been duly reinstated, and shall, in other and all respects,
conform to the rules and regulations of this Union and its mem-
bers, will be deemed by this Union and by its members amateurs,
6. The term "any athletic exercise," as used in the first sec-
tion of this Article, shall be held to include such sports or exer-
cises, athletic in form or substance, as the Board of Governors
may determine.
7. Nothing herein contained shall prevent the registration of
women for swimming events confined exclusively to ^yomen,
ARTICLE XL
REGISTRATION OF ATHLETES.
I. In no meeting, game or entertainment that has been sanc-
tioned as an open athletic meeting shall an athlete's entry be
accepted unless he shall have received a numbered certificate of
registration, stating that he is an amateur and eligible to com-
pete in amateur sports. The provisions of this paragraph do not
apply to events that are "closed," that is, open only to members
SPA1>DING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 21
of the club giving the said games, or open only to members of a

group that has been elected a member of any Association of the
Amateur Athletic Union.
CNote. — The following resolution was adopted in November,
1913:
Resolved, That any Association may provide in its Constitu-
tion that any member of a club or group in its district competing
in closed events who is not registered shall be ineligible to register
as a member of any other club or group in said district until the
expiration of one year from the time of competition in such
closed event, jj
2. All organizations giving open games or competitions under
Amateur Athletic Union rules and sanction must state on their
announcements and entry blanks that no entries to open events
can be accepted except from registered athletes, and that no
exhibition can be given by an athlete unless such athlete is
registered.
3. Each athlete to whom registration is granted shall receive
a card on which shall be plainly written his number and the
date of expiration of his registration.
4. An allied member may provide its own system of regis-
tration, not in conflict with the Constitution, By-Laws and Rules
of the Amateur Athletic Union, as to amateur status, and avail-
able only to those actively affiliated with such allied member, and
may impose such fee for registration as it may see fit.
5. The President of each active nienJaer shall be empowered
to appoint athletic commissioners who shall have allotted to them
territory within the territory of said active member and whose
duties shall be such as is defined to them by the President and by
the members of the Registration Committee and who will act as
representatives of the Registration Committee, with power to
grant, temporary cards of registration and to grant sanctions and
to disqualify athletes, and in the case of disqualifications, to
investigate and try the suspected athlete and report such findings
to the Chairman of the Registration Committee of such Associ-
ation for final action.
6. Every active member of this Union shall elect a Registra-
tion Committee, to which shall be referred all matters within its
territory pertaining to the registration and competition of athletes,
and such Connnittee shall have power to govern and control the
conduct of all meetings held by members of the Union or under
the sanction of the Union.
7. Such Committees shall examine and decide upon
receive,
all' applications for registration and shall have the power to
grant or withhold sanction for athletic meetings and to impose
penalties upon promoters of athletic meetings and upon athletes

who compete or exhibit at the same without sanction of the
Committee, and shall have the right of censorship on the charac-
ter of prizes offered at athletic meetings and may withhold or
withdraw the sanction, provided its decision in excluding any
prize is not complied with. All sanctions must be signed by a
member of the Registration Committee and a record thereof must
be preserved by said Registration Committee in a book kept for
such purpose.
8. Such Committee shall have the right in considering and
determining questions that afYect the amateur status of any ath-
lete to act upon any kind of evidence, circumstantial or direct,
and may receive and act upon affidavits and in its discretion may
consider common report sufficient basis for suspension or dis-
qualification and shall have power to permanently suspend any
amateur athlete who neglects or refuseswithin thirty days to
answer questions touching his amateur status to the satisfaction
of the committee.
9. Such Committees can require an itemized statement of
expenses, with receipts and vouchers, from any registered ath-.
lete or from any organization holding an athletic meeting under
Amateur Athletic Union rules.
. 10. It shall be the duty of the Registration Committee to
make or have made, inquiry regarding any athlete whose amateur
status is questioned, and all charges shall be entered with the
Chairman of the Committee, who shall provide for an investiga-
tion by a member or members of the Committee. Pending
investigation, the athlete against whom charges are brought may
be suspended. Suspicious circumstances, which are, in the judg-
ment of any member of the Committee, sufficient to make the
status of any athlete a matter of reasonable doubt, shall be the
basis of investigation in the absence of formal charges. The
member or members to whom the investigation is assigned shall
immediately communicate with the party under suspicion, either
in person or by registered letter, lay all charges before him or
set forth the circumstances which lead to a reasonable doubt and
call for an answer to the charges or a satisfactory explanation
of the circumstances which gave rise to the doubt. If the ath-
lete cannot satisfactorily prove his innocence, the Committee
may such punishment as is in their judgment fitting.
inflict
II. person who shall refuse to testify before any Regis-

Any
tration Committee, or to answer any question which such_ Com-
mittee shall rule to be proper, shall be liable to suspension or
such discipline as the Committee may determine until he has
purged himself of such failure or refusal.
12. Where the entry fee of any athlete remains unpaid for
ten days after the meeting is held, the Games Committee may
notify the Registration Committee, who shall immediately send
notice by mail to the delinquent athlete, notifying him that on
and after ten days from date of notice, he is suspended from
competition unless and until the fee is paid.
13. It shall be within the province of the Registration Com-
mittee to suspend from competition for such a time as it may
deem proper any person guilty of unfair dealing in connection
with athletic competition or for violation of the rules of the
14. The following, among other things, shall be considered as
unfair dealing and ungentlemanly conduct:
Suppression of true figures from the handicapper the use of
;
obscene or profane language on the track or field, or any other

act which tends to disturb or obstruct a competition.
15. The decision of the Committee shall be final in all cases,
subject only to appeal to the Board of Managers of the Associ-
ation and then to the Board of Governors of the Amateur Athletic
Union. Appeals to the Board of Managers must be taken within
five days after a decision and appeals to the Board of Governors
within ten days after a decision. Any person interested may
appeal.
16. All applications for registration must be signed by the
applicant and be accompanied by a fee of 25 cents and endorsed
by the Secretary or other official of the club of which
said applicant is a member and approved by a member of the
Registration Committee within whose jurisdiction said club is
located. Should the applicant for registration not be a member
of an athletic club, he must procure the endorsement of three
reputable citizens of the locality in which he resides and the
approval of a member of the Registration Comtnittee within
whose jurisdiction he resides.
17. In all cases where notices are required to be sent to a
registered athlete, it shall be sufficient to mail the same, ad-
dressed to him at the residence given in his application for regis-
tration; or, if he has filed with such Committee a written notice
of change of residence, then at such changed residence.
18. Every athlete when he registers shall state his residence
and the club he wishes to represent, and he shall not be allowed
to change his registration in any respect except upon notice in
writing filed with the Registration Committee, which change
must be approved by the Committee, and the athlete officially
notified before he can represent the new club in open competition.
IQ. When any registered athlete changes his residence from
one district to another, he shall notify the Registration Com-
24 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY.'
mittee of the district wherein he is registered and surrender his

registration card, and such Registration Committee shall issue a^
ti-ansfer, showing the date of expiration of his registration, upon
presentation of which transfer a new registration card for the
unexpired period of his original registration shall be issued to
him, free of charge, by the Registration Committee of the dis-
trict of his new residence.
20. All registrations shall be in force for one year from date
of registration, and on renewal every athlete shall be required to
fill out and sign a new application and shall be given a new num-
ber. Such new application need not be indorsed, unless required

by the Registration Committee.
21. Every athlete, when competing in handicap events outside
of the territory of the Association from which he is registered,
shall forward with his entry a certificate from the handicapper
of his own Association showing his last three performances. It
shall be the duty of such handicapper to furnish such certificate
on request of a registered athlete.
22. It shall be the duty of each Registration Committee and of
each allied member to furnish to the Secretary-Treasurer of the
Amateur Athletic Union on the first day of each week a list §f
all registered numbers, names and addresses, and to forward
duplicate lists to the official handicappers.
23. The Registration Committees shall collect from applicants
(in advance), except Amateur Athletic Union members, Five
Dollars each for granting sanctions for road races or cross-
country races where no money is received for admission fees and
for open swimming meetings, and Ten Dollars each for granting
sanctions for all other open athletic meetings, but Registration
Committees shall grant free sanctions for basket ball games good
for a limited period, not exceeding one year, and may grant free
sanctions for municipal games and games given for charity.
24. It shall be the duty of each Registration Committee to pay
over all moneys received for registration fees and sanctions to
the Secretary-Treasurer of its Association on the first day of
each month.
25. On the tenth day of each month, the Treasurer of each
active and allied member shall pay to the Secretary-Treasurer of
the Amateur Athletic Union the sum of five (5) cents for each
certificate of registration issued during the preceding month, and
one-third of all moneys received for sanctions granted during
the preceding month.
26. The committee in charge of open athletic meetings must
display the registration number of each competitor in a conspic-
uous manner before or after his name on the program.
ARTICLE XII.
DUES AND EXPENSES.
1. Allied members shall be exempt from the payment of
dues.
2. Each active member annually pay to the Secretary-
shall
Treasurer, on or before the annual meeting, as annual dues for
the ensuing year, a sum equal to $2.50 for each club member of
such active member provided, that every applicant for active
;
membership shall remit with its application to the Secretary-

Treasurer the amount of its annual dues, and shall not again be
liable for the payment of dues until the year following the next
ensuing annual meeting.
3. A failure to pay such dues within the time prescribed shall
operate to forfeit the right to a representation of and a vote by
the delinquent member at any meeting of the Union, and a con-
tinued indebtedness for dues or other charges for a period of two,
months shall operate as a loss of membership by the delinquent
member.
4. The receipts from dues and from all other sources shall be
devoted to defraying the expenses of national championship
meetings and other necessary expenses of the Union.
ARTICLE XIII.
MEETINGS OF THE UNION.
1. The annual meeting of the Union shall be held at 11 o'clock
A.M., on the third Monday of November of each year, in a place
to be designated by a majority of the members of the Board of
Governors voting.
2. Special meetings of the Union may be called by a two-
thirds vote of the Board of Governors, upon not less than ten
days' notice to all members, or upon the written request of at
least one-quarter of all the members of the Union must be called
upon like notice, such notice to contain the date and a statement
of location of such meeting and the object thereof.
3. Notice of every meeting of the Union shall be sent by the
Secretary-Treasurer of the Union, at the time provided by the
Constitution and By-Laws, to the Secretary-Treasurer of every
allied and active member thereof; and every such member shall
promptly notify the Secretary-Treasurer of the Union of any
change in office or address of the Secretary-Treasurer; and a
notice sent by the Secretary-Treasurer of the Union to the
address last given by such member shall be deemed a full com-
:
£6 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY.
pliance on
his part with the iConstitution and By-Laws as to
sending such notices.
4. .Atmeetings of the Union a quorum shall consist of
all
representatives from five members of the Union.
'
5. At all meetings of the Union the following shall be the
order of business
"*l. Roll Call of Delegates.
2. Reading of Minutes.
3. Treasurer's Report.
4. Reports of Committees.
5. Resolutions, Orders and General Business.
6. Election of Board of Governors (if annual meeting).
__^^^ 7. Adjournment.
J In the interval between two annual meetings of the Union,
6.
any action that might be lawfully taken at a special meeting may
be so taken by mail or telegraph vote provided, that where this
;
Constitution requires a majority vote, the vote so taken must, to

be effective, be a majority of all members of the Union voting,
and where this Constitution requires a two-thirds vote, the vote
so taken must, to be effective, be a two-thirds vote of all mem-
bers of the Union voting; and provided, further, that in every
instance such rhail or telegraph vote shall be taken by the Secre-
tary-Treasurer, and the ballot of each member must be preserved
in his files.
ARTICLE XIV.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE BOARD OF GOVERNORS.
1. The annual meeting of the Board of Governors shall be
convened immediately after the adjournment of the annual meet-
ing of the Union.
2. Special meetings must be called by the President upon
request of not less than five members of the Board, not less than
fifteen days' notice being given by the Secretary-Treasurer to
each member of the Board, of such meeting and the object
thereof. At any meeting of the Board of Governors a quorum
shall consist of those who answer the roll call.
3. In the interval between two annual meetings of the Board,
any action that might be lawfully taken at a special meeting of
the Board may be so taken by mail or telegraph vote; provided,
that where this Constitution requires a majority vote, the vote
so taken must, to be effective, be a two-thirds vote of all the
members of the Board voting; and provided, further, that in
every instance such mail or telegraph vote shall be taken by the
Secretary-Treasurer, and the ballot of each member of the
Board must be preserved in his files.
ARTICLE XV.
REPORTS FROM ASSOCIATIONS.
Each Association of the A.A.U. must, within ten days after
each meeting of the Association or its Board of Managers, mail
to the Secretary of the A-A.U. a copy of the minutes of said
meeting. The Secretaries of the several Associations of the
A.A.U. must forward to the Secretary of the A.A.U. copies of
all official notices issued from their offices, at the time of such
issue, said notices to include all those sent to the members of
the Board of Managers, as well as to the clubs of the Associ-
ation.
ARTICLE XVI.
AMENDMENTS.
No amendment shall be made to the Constitution except at the
annual meeting and by a two-thirds vote of the members voting.
All proposed amendments must be presented to the Secretary-
Treasurer in writing at least fifty days before the annual meeting
and forwarded immediately by the Secretary-Treasurer to the
Chairman of the Legislation Committee, and all proposed amend-
ments, together with the report of the Legislation Committee
thereon, must be mailed by the Secretary-Treasurer to each duly
certified delegate and to the chief executive officer of each allied
member at least twenty days before the annual meeting.
BY-LAWS
OF THE

OF THE
United States.
I.
ELECTION OF OFFICERS.
The of the Union, viz. President, four Vice-Presidents
officers :
and Secretary-Treasurer, shall be elected by ballot, by a majority

vote, at the annual meeting of the Board of Governors.
II.
DUTIES OF OFFICERS.
1. The President must order meetings of the Board of Gov-
ernors upon request of not less than five of the members thereof;
shall preside at all meetings of said Board and of the Union, and
generally shall perform such other duties as appertain to the
office of President.
2. The Vice-Presidents in their order shall have all the
powers and perform all the duties of President, in the absence
or inability to attend of the latter.
3. The Secretary-Treasurer shall keep the records of the
Union and the Board of Governors, conduct all official corre-
spondence, issue notices of all meetings of the Union and said
Board keep a complete record of all athletic events held under
;
the auspices of the Union, and perform such other duties as may
be prescribed by the Constitution, By-Laws and Rules of said
Union.
The Secretary-Treasurer shall receive all moneys of the Union
and pay all bills approved by the President or the Board of Gov-
ernors, provided that necessary minor expenses which may neces-
sarily be paid by any committee, may be turned in to the Secre-
tary-Treasurer as cash, if recorded in detail, duly attested by
such committee and approved by the Board. He shall, whenever
required by the Board or its Finance Committee, submit and
turn over to said Board or Committee all moneys, accounts,
books, papers, vouchers and records appertaining to his office, and
shall turn the same over to his successor when elected.
He shall be bonded (at the expense of this Union) in a sum to
be fixed by the Board of Governors at not less than $1,000.
SPAI.DING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 29
III.
COMMITTEES.
1. At the meeting of the Board of Governors after each
first
annual meeting of the Amateur Athletic Union, the President,
with the advice and consent of the Board of Governors, shall
appoint the following committees Finance, Legislation, Records,
:
Championship and such other committees as the President may

deem advisable. With the advice and consent of the Board of
Governors the President shall also appoint a National Registra-
tion Committee, composed of the Chairmen of the Registration
Committees from each Association, of the Amateur Athletic
Union, an official representative of each allied member that uses
a registration plan in co-operation with the Amateur Athletic
Union, and an additional member who shall be Chairman of the
Committee, and who must be a member of the Board of Gov-
ernors of the Amateur Athletic Union.
2. The Finance Committee shall, within two weeks next fol-
lowing the first day of November in each year, audit and examine
the accounts of the Secretary-Treasurer, and make its report to
the Board of Governors prior to the annual meeting next ensu-
ing said date, for the fiscal year ending on said first day of
November. Said Committee shall also at any other times when
requested by the Board, make an examination of the accounts of
the Secretary-Treasurer, and report to the Board thereon, and
may in such cases require the Secretary-Treasurer to turn over
to it all moneys, accounts, books, papers, vouchers and records
appertaining to his office.
3. To Committee on Legislation shall be referred all pro-
the
posed amendments to the Constitution and By-Laws. All such
amendments the Committee shall consider and present in proper
form for action, but this provision shall not prevent the Board
of Governors from acting upon any amendment of which legal
notice has been given if the Committee fail to consider the same
and report upon it.
4. The Championship Committee shall prepare the annual
schedule and shall have power to appoint sub-committees, whose
members need not be members of the Board, to conduct and
manage the various championships.
5. The National Registration Committee shall have power
to determine all matters delegated to it by the Constitution, and
shall take action in all cases involving the interpretation or
enforcement of any article of the Constitution, By-Laws, rules
and regulations which affect or relate to two or more members
of the Amateur Athletic Union, and the decision of said Com-
30 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRAET.
mittee must be followed and obeyed until overruled by the Board

of Governors of the Amateur Athletic Union.
6. The duties of other committees shall be such as are speci-
fied in the Constitution and By-Lavi^s, or may be delegated to
them by the Board.
IV.
MEMBERSHIP IN UNION.
1. Any collection of four clubs which might as an Association
be eligible for membership under Article IV. of the Constitution,
may make application therefor in writing to the Secretary-Treas-
urer, stating:
(a) The territory which they desire included in such proposed
Association.
(b) The names of the Union or other clubs applying for the
creation and admission of such Association.
(f) The reasons why the creation of such proposed Associ-
ation is desired or desirable.
2. If said application shall be passed favorably by a two-thirds
vote of the Board of Governors voting, the President and Secre-
tary-Treasurer of the Union shall call a meeting of all the clubs
within the territory of such proposed Association, upon not less
than thirty days' notice, for the purpose of organizing such
Association, and adopting the Constitution and By-Laws pre-
scribed by the Union therefor.
V.
VOTING BY MAIL.
I. By the Board of Governors.
(a) The President may of his own motion, and upon the writ-
ten request of any active or allied member of the Union, or of
three members of the Board of Governors, must submit to a vote
by mail any specific question or matter which might be passed
upon at a special meeting of the Board. Such request shall be
delivered to the Secretary-Treasurer of the Union and by him
at once laid before the President.
(b) Where a vote by mail is required or decided to be taken
as above, the Secretary-Treasurer shall mail to each member of
the Board a clear statement of the question to be voted upon,
with the request that each member send his vote thereupon to
the Secretary-Treasurer of the Union and the said request shall
;
state upon what day the voting with the Secretary-Treasurer

shall be closed (which shall not be less than twenty days after
the mailing of said question). In cases where the Board of
Governors may deem it necessary, a vote may be taken by tele-
:
graph instead of by mail such cases the vote to close within

; in
forly-eight hours. All mail and telegraph votes received by the
Secretary-Treasurer shall be preserved and tiled. The Secretary-
Treasurer may at any time when sufficient votes have been
received to either carry or reject a mail or telegraph vote,
announce the result of the same and the result so announced
shall be decisive.
(r) Within five days after the closing of said vote with the
Secretary-Treasurer, said Secretary-Treasurer shall mail to each
member of the Board a copy of the question and the result of
the vote thereon, to wit :the number voting for and in opposi-
tion thereto, with a statement of whether said question has been
carried or defeated.
2. By the Union.
(a) The President may of his own motion, and upon the writ-
ten request of not less than three members of the Union, or
direction of the Board of Governors of the Union, must submit
to a vote by mail any specific question or matter which might
be passed upon at a special meeting of the Union. Such request
shall be delivered to the Secretary-Treasurer of the Union and
by him delivered to the President.
(b) In such a case the Secretary-Treasurer shall mail the
question to the Secretary of each active and allied member of
the Union, with a request in form as set forth in clause (b), para-
graph I, of this article. The Secretary of each member shall at once
submit the question to its duly appointed and registered delegates
to the Union (or alternates in proper cases), who shall indi-
cate in writing thereupon, and said Secretary shall at once for-
ward the same to the Secretary-Treasurer of the Union, who
shall preserve and file all votes. Each active and allied member's
vote shall count one, except that if, in any case, the voting dele-
gates or alternates of any such member shall not agree, the
proper fractional part of one vote shall be credited as cast upon
the question or matter at issue.
(f) Within five days affer the closing of said vote with the
Secretary-Treasurer, said Secretary-Treasurer shall mail to each
active and allied member of the Union a copy of the question and
the result of the vote thereon, to wit the number voting for
:
and in opposition thereto, with a statement of whether said

question has been carried or defeated.
VI.
ORDER OF BUSINESS.
The order of business at all meetings of the Board of Gover-
nors shall be as follows
(a) Roll Call.

(b) Reading of Minutes.
(c) Report of Officers and Committees.
(d) Unfinished Business.
(c) Election to Fill Vacancies.
(/) New Business.
VII.
CHAMPIONSHIP MEETINGS.
1. A field and track championship meeting shall be held annu-
ally atsuch time and place and including such events as may be
determined by the Championship Committee.
2. The Annual Track and Field Championships of the Ama-
teur Athletic Union shall consist of a senior class and junior
class. The senior class shall be open to all registered amateur
athletes and the junior class shall be open to all registered ath-
letes who have not won a first prize at any Amateur Athletic
Union Track and Field Championship Meeting, a Canadian Cham-
pionship Meeting, a Cross-Country Championship, Intercollegiate
Championship or the Championship of any foreign country. The
winner of any event in the junior championship shall be ineligible
for further competition in the junior class._ Nothing shall pre-
vent an athlete entering in both senior and junior championships
and competing in both classes the same day, provided he has not
previously won a senior championship.
3. All entries shall be sent to the Chairman of said Com-
mittee, which Committee may reject any entries it may deem
objectionable.
4. Said Committee shall choose the officers at all champion-
ship meetings, deliver all prizes and decide, for that event only,
all objections to eligibility and qualifications of entries, but must
report the same to the Board of Governors at its next meeting.
VIII.
TRIALS.
I.Original jurisdiction.
(a) In such cases as do not come under the jurisdiction of
the Local Registration Committee and Board of Managers of
any Association of the Amateur Athletic Union and where the
Board of Governors has original jurisdiction, the complainant
shall submit to the Board his charges in writing and in detail,
signed by himself. In case said charges are not deemed worthy of
investigation the Board shall dismiss the case unless it shall see
fit to request further information from the complainant.
SPAXDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRAKY. 83
(b) In case the Board shall deem such charges, either as

originally submitted, or as amended, worthy of investigation, it
shall forthwith send a copy thereof to the person charged, who
shall, within fifteen days after the receipt thereof, file with the
Secretary-Treasurer of the Union his answer in detail thereto,
himself.
(c) The Board may, upon such charges and answers, dismiss
such case; but if not, shall refer the same to the Committee on
Reinstatement, which Committee shall, upon not less than ten
days' notice to both parties, appoint a time and place when evi-
dence will be taken upon such charges, and shall have discre-
tion to adjourn such hearing from time to time, as may seem
just and proper.
(d) Within ten days after the closing of the evidence, such
committee shall make and file its report with the Secretary of
the Union, which report shall be submitted to the Board of
Governors at its next meeting, at which due notice of the
intended submission of such report can be given, unless a mail
vote shall be taken upon the acceptance of the report, as herein-
before provided, in which case a copy of the report and the evi-
dence shall be mailed to each member of the Board of Gover-
nors, except the Trial Committee. In case no decision has been
reached by the Board within ninety days after the charge was
first filed by the complainant, the person accused shall be deemed
to have been acquitted, and said charge shall stand as dismissed,
as though formal action had been taken to that effect by a vote
of the Board.
(c) Should the person charged fail to appear and defend, he
shall be considered as having admitted the truth of the charges,
and in case of such default, or his conviction, he shall suffer the
penalty fixed by the Board of Governors under the Constitution
of this organization.
(f) Should the accused be found innocent, he shall at once be
so declared and the fact made public by the Board of Govern'ors
in such manner as it may determine. And in that case the
expenses of such trial, or so much thereof as shall be determined
by the Board of Governors, shall be paid by the complainant.
2. Appellate jurisdiction.
(a) In cases of appellate jurisdiction, all papers and docu-
ments, and the facts in writing upon which the decision ap-
pealed from was made, together with a copy of such decision
shall, on the request of the appellant and at his expense, be pre-
pared and certified by the original trial tribunal and submitted
to the Board of Governors.
(b) The Board shall thereupon, upon not less than ten days'
notice to the appellant and respondent, hear argument itself, or
by its committee, upon the question or matter involved, and

may call for other or further evidence or witnesses, but such
evidence or witnesses must be produced within a period to be
fixed by the Board or its committee, which shall not be more
than thirty days from the date of such first hearing.
(f) The final decision of the committee (if the trial be before
a committee) shall be filed with the Secretary of the Union
within fifteen days after the final hearing, and, in any case, the
decision of the Board of Governors shall be rendered within
thirty days after such final hearing, the vote being taken by mail,
or at a special meeting, as shall be proper.
(rf) In case either the appellant or respondent fails to appear
at the first hearing, the appeal shall go against him by default,
unless both should fail to appear, in which case the appeal shall
stand dismissed. The Board of Governors may adjust that
the expenses of the appeal, or so much thereof as shall seem to
them proper, shall be paid by the unsuccessful party. The de-
cision upon such appeal shall be at once transmitted by the
Secretary to every member of the Union, and shall be otherwise
made public in such manner as the Board of Governors shall
determine.
3. Refusal to testify.
Any person who shall refuse to testify before the Board or
its committee, or to answer any question which the Board or its
committee shell rule to be proper, or to declare in writing his
belief as to the amateur standing of any individual upon trial
by the Union in the exercise of either its original or appellate
jurisdiction, or any party who upon appeal shall fail to pay the
expenses adjudged against him, shall be liable to suspension
from competition until he has purged himself of such failure or
refusal.
IX.
AMENDMENTS.
These By-Laws may be amended at any meeting of the Board,
or by mail or telegraph vote, by a majority of the members
voting, provided that at least twenty days' notice shall have
been given to every member of the Board of the proposed
amendment.
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC) LIBRARY.

OF THE
United States.
GENERAL RULES.
RULE I.
COMPETITION OF NON-RESIDENTS.
1. Any amateur athlete, not a resident of the United
States, desiring to compete in any athletic competition
under the rules of the Amateur Athletic Union, must
apply to the National Registration Committee of the
Amateur Athletic Union of the United States for regis-
tration: He must submit to said Committee, through
the Secretary of the Amateur Athletic Union, a certi-
ficate from the recognized governing body of the country
wherein he resides that he is an amateur and eligible as
such to compete in any amateur competition.
RULE IL
COMPETITION ABROAD.
L Any amateur athlete, a resident of the United States,
desiring to compete in amateur competitions in any
other country, must, before such competition, secure
from the National Registration Committee of the Ama-
teur Athletic Union of the United States a permit, on
petition of the club of which he is a member approved by
the District Association wherein such club is located, that
will authorize him to compete as an amateur in any
other country.
.
86 SPALDING'S ATHT.ETIO LIBEART,
RULE III.
PROFESSIONAL CONTESTS AND UNSANCTIONED COMPETI-
TION.
1 . Any club, a member of any Association of the Ama-
teur Athletic Union of the United States, which permits
the competition of any member, or any team, under its
club name or its club emblem, in unsanctioned sport or
professional contest, or which persists in playing dis-
qualified or suspended athletes, or which permits pro-
fessionals to compete under its auspices in a sport over
which the Amateur Athletic Union assumes jurisdiction,
where such competition is announced as a competition
between amateurs, shall be liable to forfeit its member-
ship in such Association.
RULE IV.
SUSPENSION OR DISQUALIFICATION OF INDIVIDUALS.
1 Any person competing or exhibiting at open sports,
or any athletic entertainment, including athletic meet-
ings promoted by companies, incorporated bodies, in-
dividuals or associations of individuals, or in conjunction
with a benefit, social or picnic entertainment, unless the
same are given under the sanction of the Amateur Ath-
letic Union or of one of its allied members, shall thereby
disqualify himself from competing at any sports given
under sanctiop of the Amateur Athletic Union.
2. The Registration Committee of the Association
in whose territory the offense was committed shall have
the power to reinstate anyone so disqualified, if it shall
'
think fit.
3. No
person shall be allowed to compete or exhibit
at any meeting, open or closed, held under Amateur
Athletic Union Rules while disquahfied or under sus-
pension of this Union, or any of its active or allied
members.
4. Any person knowingly competing against one who

is disqualified or under sentence of suspension by this
Union, or any of its active or allied members, shall be
held to have suspended himself until the expiration of
such sentence, or for such period as the Registration
Committee of the Association in whose territory the
offense was committed may deem proper.
5. No application for reinstatement to full amateur
status shall be entertained unless the applicant shall
have abstained from all professional conduct for two
years, and such application can be acted upon only at
a meeting of the Amateur Athletic Union or of the
Board of Governors. A two-thirds vote shall be nec-
essary for reinstatement.
6. Any person receiving compensation for services
performed in any capacity in connection with athletic
games, or in an athletic club, will be ineligible to repre-
sent such club in games held under the rules of the
Amateur Athletic Union until he shall have permanently
abandoned such employment. The abandonment of such
employment shall not entitle a person to compete as an
amateur who is not eligible under Article X of the
Constitution.
7. No person who, at any time since the organiza-
tion of the Amateur Athletic Union, has knowingly be-
come a professional shall be reinstated as an amateur.
8. Any member of any club of any of the Associa-
tions of the Amateur Athletic Union who shall have been
expelled from said club for unpaid indebtedness shall
not be eligible to compete in any games given by any
Association of the Amateur Athletic Union, or by any
club of any Association of the Amateur Athletic Union,
until such indebtedness is liquidated.
9. In all cases where an athlete receives money
to cover traveling expenses, whether from his own club
or any other organization, he shall immediately, upon
his return home, send to the Chairman of the Registra-
tion Committee of his own district a signed statement

showing the amount received and an itemized account
of his expenses. When any money is paid to an athlete
for travehng expenses, the organization or committee
making such payment shall be required to take a receipt
therefor in duplicate, containing an itemized statement
of such expenses, and forward immediately one copy
thereof to the Chairman of the Registration Committee
of the Association in which the athlete is registered, and
one copy thereof to the Chairman of the Registration
Committee of the Association in whose district the meet-
ing is held, such receipts and statements to be kept on
file by said chairmen respectively. Any athlete failing
to promptly forward the statement, as required above,
shall be liable to suspension; and any organization
failing to secure and forward the receipt, as above pro-
vided, shall be liable to suspension or refusal of sanction
as the case may be.
10. The traveling expenses which an athlete is al-
lowed to ask for, receive or accept are limited to first-
class railroad fare, including parlor car and single berth
sleeping car fares actually paid, and the amount actually
paid for meals and lodging, which amount for meals and
lodging shall not exceed $5.00 per day in any case during
the time necessarily occupied in going to and returning
from a meeting, and which amount for any single meal
shall not exceed $1.50. No traveling expenses or pay-
ment of any kind for trainer, rubber, friend or relative,
and no payment for loss of time or wages, shall be asked
for or received directly or indirectly. Any athlete vio-
lating this rule shall thereby render himself ineligible
for further competition as an amateur.
11. An athlete who permits anyone other than an
oflftcer of the club which he is entitled to represent in
competition to make arrangements for his appearance
at an athletic meeting shall thereby render himself in-
eligible for further competition as an amateur.
SPAI.DINO'S ATHLETIC LIBRAHY. 89
RULE V.
OFFICIAL HANDICAPPERS.
1. It shall be the duty of theofficial handicappers to

keep books containing the names and performances of
all registered athletes in their districts and to handicap
all handicap games or events. These books shall be the
property of the respective Associations of the Amateur
Athletic Union. The official handicappers shall check
the entries of all novices without charge, being sure that
they are registered.
2. They shall receive and handicap all entries furnished
them by the proper parties up to the time they return
their lists, but no entry shall be handicapped on the day
of the games.
3. The Committee in charge of all open handicap games
or events given under the rules of the Amateur Athletic
Union must employ the official handicapper, and must
furnish him with the original entry blanks and also a
list of all entries in duplicate, and the handicapper must
mark the handicaps on such lists as well as on the
original entry blanks, and return one copy of such list
with the entries to the Committee, retaining the other
copy for comparison with the program.
4. No competitor shall be allowed to start whose name
is not on the printed program, unless his name was
omitted through error, and no change shall be made
in the handicaps as shown on the program, unless the
handicap was erroneously printed, or omitted, or unless
the handicapper makes the change, by written notificag
tion to the Referee and to the Clerk of the Course, be-
fore the competition starts in the event in which the
change is made.
5. '^llio total numl)er of entries in all handicap events,
added together, shall determine the number of entries,
each name in each event counting separately, and the
handicapper shall receive ten cents for each separate
entry, but no meeting shall be handicapped for less than

Five Dollars, and all fees for handicapping must be paid
before the handicaps are delivered.
6. The handicapper shall not be required to handicap
an entry unless the entry blank is properly filled out,
showing past performances and registration number.
7. When for any reason the official handicapper shall
fail to handicap any set of games, the entries shall be
sent to the local member of the Registration Committee,
who shall see that they are properly handicapped and
returned.
RULE VI.
TRACK AND FIELD.
The annual Track and Field Championships of
1.
the Amateur Athletic Union shall consist of a Senior
Class and a Junior Class. The Senior Class shall be open
to registered amateur athletes and the Junior Class
all
shallbe open to any registered amateur athlete who has
not won a first place at any Track and Field or Cross-
country Championship Meeting of the Amateur Athletic
Union, or of the International Olympic Committee, or
of any Intercollegiate Association, or of Canada, Aus-
tralia, orany foreign country.
2. The
fact that an athlete has been on a winning
cross-country or relay team shall not disqualify him
from the Junior Class in Track and Field Champion-
ships.
3. The winner of any event in the Junior Champion-
ships shall be iuehgible for any further competition in
the Junior Class. Nothing shall prevent an athlete
entering both Senior and Jvmior Championships and
competing in both classes the same day, provided he has
not previously won a Senior Championship.
4. The annual Track and Field Championships shall
be as follows:
o. Outdoor Meeting.— Order of events.
100 Yards Run. Trials.

100 Yards Run. Semi-finals.
880 Yards Run.
3 Mile Walk (in Junior Championships
1 Mile Walk).
100 Yards Run. Final.

120 Yards Hurdle. Trials.
120 Yards Hurdle. Semi-finals.
One-Mile Run.
120 Yards Hurdle. Final.
220 Yards Run. Semi-finals.
220 Yards Hurdle. Semi-finals.
Five-Mile Run.
Pole Vault for Height.
Running High Jump.
Running Broad Jump.
Running Hop, Stop and Jump.
Putting IG-lb. Shot.
Throwing 16-lb. Hammer.
Throwing the Discus.
Throwing the Javelin.
Throwing the 5G-lb. Weight.
If enough competitors do not answer roll call to make
more than one heat in an event, such heat shall be con-
sidered the final.
12 SPAIiDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY.
h. Indoor Meeting.
The order of events shall be determined by the Chani-
pionship Committee.
60 Yards Run.
300 Yards Run.
600 Yards Run.
1,000 Yards Run.
Two-Mile Run.
Two-Mile Walk.
Running High Jump.
Relay Race. Teams of four men First —
man to run 440 yards second, 220 yards;
;
third, 880 yards; fourth, 1 mile.

Standing Broad Jump.
Standing High Jump.
Running Hop, Step and Jump.
Putting 16-lb. Shot.
70 Yards Hurdle, 6 flights 3 ft. 6 in. high.
c. Ten Mile Run. Outdoor.
d. Seven Mile Walk. Outdoor.
e. Decathlon.
5. The Championship Committee shall have the
power to determine whether championships for the Junior
Class shall be held in other than the Outdoor Meeting.
CROSS-COUNTRY.
6.The annual Cross-Country Championships of the
Amateur Athletic Union shall consist of a Senior Class
and a Junior Class. The distance shall be not less than
6 miles nor more than 63^ miles. The Senior Class shall
be open to all registered amateur athletes, and the
Junior Class shall be open to any registered amateur ath-
lete who has not won a first place in running at a distance
of two miles or over, at any Track and Field Cham-
pionship Meeting of the Amateur Athletic Union, or of
the International Olympic Committee, or of any Inter-

collegiate Association, or of Canada, Australia, or any
foreign country, or who has not been a member of a
team winning the Cross-Country Championship of the
Amateur Athletic Union, or of the International Olympic
Committee, or of any Intercollegiate Association, or of
Canada, Australia, or any foreign country.
7. The fact that an athlete has been on a winning
cross-country team shall not render him ineligible to the
Junior Individual Cross-Country Championship, unless
he shall have won a first place in such Championship.
8. In the Cross-Country Championships the prizes
shall consist of individual prizes to first, second and third,
and a team trophy for the team scoring the lowest num-
ber of points. Team entries are to be limited to eight
men, and only the score of the first five members of
the team shall count.
SWIMMING.
9. The annual Swimming Championships of the Ama-
teur Athletic Union shall consist of a Senior Class and a
Junior Class. The Senior Class shall be open to all
registered amateur athletes and the Junior Class shall be
open to any registered amateur athlete who has not won
a first place in the class of events as hereinafter defined
in any National Swimming Championship of the Amateur
Athletic Union or of Canada, Australia or any foreign
country, or a first place in an Intercollegiate or Olympic
Swimming Championship.
10. For the purpose of defining eligibility to the Junior
Class, aquatic events shall be divided into five classes,
as follows:
1. Free Style Swimming.
2. Back Stroke.
3. Breast Stroke.
4. Diving.
5. Plunge for Distance.
11. The winner

of an event in the Junior Champion-
ship in any of said classes shall be ineligible for further
competition as a junior in such class.
12. The fact that a swimmer has been on a winning
water polo or relay team shall not disqualify him from
the junior classes.
13. The annual Swimming Championships shall be
as follows:
a. Outdoor Swimming Meeting Senior Class.—
440 Yards
]
880 Yards Known as Free Style Swimming
I
One Mile Events.

I
Long Distance.)
High Diving.
b. Outdoor Swimming Meeting — Junior Class.
440 Yards I Known as Free Style Swimming
One Mile f Events.
High Diving.
c. —
Indoor Swimming Meeting Senior Class.
50 Yards
]
100 Yards Known as Free Style Swimming
I
220 Yards Events.

500 Yai'ds J
Back Stroke, 150 yards.
Breast Stroke, 200 yards.
Fancy Diving from the Springboard.
Plunge for Distance.
Relay, 400 yards, 4 men.
Water Polo.
d. —
Indoor Swimming Meeting Junior Class.
100 Yards IKnoWn as Free Style Swimming
500 Yards I Events.
Back Stroke, 100 yards.
Breast Stroke, 100 yards.
Fancy Diving from the Springboard.
Outdoor Championships are to be held over a properly

staked off course not less than 220 feet and not more
than 220 yards in length, and shall be held in still, open
water or in tidal waters at high tide.
The Long Distance Championship may be held over a
straight course either in still or running water. The
distance should be selected with a view of making the
time of the race not less than one hour and not more than
2J/2 hours.
Indoor Championships shall be held in baths not less
than 60 feet and not more than 150 feet in length.
Not more than one of the Free Style Swimming
Championships may be held on any one day.
Junior Swimming Championships are to be held only
at the discretion of the Championship Committee.
GENERAL.
14. In determining questions of eligibiUty to the
Junior Classes inall Amateur Athletic Union Champion-
ships, any meeting restricted to college undergraduates
and open to more than two colleges for the Champion-
ship of any section of the country is to be considered a
Championship Meeting of an Intercollegiate Association.
15. The entries for all Amateur Athletic Union
Championships shall close with the Chairman of the
Championship Committee or such person as he may
designate for that purpose. The winner of a Junior
Championship shall be permitted to compete in any
event in the Senior Championship in the same year,
upon paying his entry fee. The Championship Com-
mittee shall have power to suspend any athlete who
fails to pay his entry fee.
16. Protests affecting the right of any athlete to
compete in any championship meeting shall be made to
the Chairman before the championship meeting is held,
and if the Committee deems it advisable, the athlete
may compete under protest. The Committee may pro-
vide for a trial or hearing in relation to the protest, and

its decision shall be final. The Committee shall also
have absolute power to reject any entry. The Cham-
pionship Committee may refer the case of a protested
athlete to the Registration Committee of the Association
in which the athlete is registered, if they deem it advisable.
17. The Championship Committee of the Amateur
Athletic Union of the United States shall appoint the
officials and manage all Championship Meetings.
18. If practicable, at least thirty days' notice of the
time and place of holding each Championship shall be
given to the Secretary of each active and allied member
of the Amateur Athletic Union, who shall forthwith send
notice thereof to each member of his own association.
19. In the Championships of the various Associations
of the Amateur Athletic Union, eligibility to the respec-
tive Junior Classes shall be governed by the same restric-
tions as stated in paragraphs 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12
and 14, and in addition thereto the winner of a first place
in an Association Track and Field or Cross-Country
Championship shall be thereafter ineligible in the Junior
Association Track and Field and Junior Association
Cross-Country Championships, and the winner of a first
place in running, at a distance of two miles or over, at
an Association Championship shall be thereafter in-
eligible in the Junior Association Cross-Country Cham-
pionships, and the winner of a first place in any class
in an Association Swimming Championship, shall be
thereafter ineligible in the Junior Association Swimming
Championships in such class.
RULE VII.
RECORDS.
1. No record shall be accepted unless timed by at least
three official Timekeepers, or, in field events, unless
measured with a steel tape by at least three Field Judges.
2. The Record Committee shall investigate every per-

formance to which their attention is called and shall be
empowered, in their discretion, to reject any record which
shall not be supported by the affidavits of at least six
officials certifying as to the place, time of day, state of
weather, condition of path or field, force and direction
of wind, level or grade of grounds, weight, measurement
and material of implement, and correctness of announced
time or distance.
3. No record claimed for the hammer, discus, shot, jave-
lin or heavy weight shall be allowed unless it has been
made with an implement officially stamped with the
official seal of the International Amateur Athletic Federa-
tion, and of the Amateur Athletic Union as follows:
lAAP
U.E.SUlllVAH)
and it must also be certified as to weight, measurement

and material on the date of competition.
4. The Record Committee is authorized to examine any
performance if made under other than record conditions
and if in the opinion of the Record Committee such per-

formance is worthy of being recorded it shall be noted
under "Noteworthy Performances."
5. No record shall be accepted unless made in open
competition and in an event for which entries were
regularly made upon the forms adopted by the Amateur
Athletic Union, and where the event and entries appeared
on the program of the meeting.
TRACK AND FIELD.

0. In Track and Field Competition Amateur Athletic
Union records shall be recognized only at the following
distances and events:
RUNNING.
60 yards. 1 mile. 100 meters. 5,000 meters.
100 yards. 2 miles. 200 meters. 6,000 meters.
220
yards. 3 miles. 300 meters. 7,000 meters.
300
440
600
880
yards. 7 miles. 1,000 meters. 15,000 meters.
1,000 yards. 8 miles. 1 ,500 meters. 20,000 meters.
1,320 yards. 9 miles. 2,000 meters. 25,000 meters.
10 miles, and every 5 miles 3,000 meters. 30,000 meters.
up to 25 miles. 4,000 meters. 40,000 meters.
1 hour, and 2 hom-s. Every 5 kilometers up to 40
kilometers.
1 hour, and 2 hours.
WALKING.
1 mile. 8 miles. 1,000 meters. 8,000 meters.
2 miles. 9 miles. 2,000 meters. 9,000 meters.
7 miles. 7,000 meters.
1 hour, and 2 hours. 1 hour, and 2 hours.
HURDLES.
70 yards, six hurdles, 3 feet 6 inches high.
Ten hurdles each.
120 yards, 3 feet 6 inches high. 110 meters, 3 feet 6 inches high.
220 yards, 2 feet 6 inches high. 200 meters, 2 feet 6 inches high.
440 yards, 3 feet high. 400 meters, 3 feet high.
JUMPING.
Standing high jump, without weights.
Running high jump, without weights. _
One standing broad jump, without weights.

Running broad jump.
Running hop, step and jump.
VAULTING.
Pole vault for height.
Pole vault for distance.
THROWING THE HAMMER.

Sixteen-pound hammer.
PUTTING THE SHOT.

Sixteen-pound shot.
THROWING THE WEIGHTS.

Fifty-six pound weight for distance.
Fifty-six poimd weight for height.
JAVELIN.
Throwing the javelin.
DISCUS.
Throwing the discus.
RELAY.
Four men to run equal distances.
440 yards 400 meters.
880 yards 800 meters.
1,760 yards 1,600 meters.
2 miles. 3,200 meters.
4 miles. 6,000 meters;
MEDLEY RELAY RACE.

Four men to run.
First man to run 440 yards. Third man to run 880 yards.
Second man to run 220 yards. Fourth man to run one mile.
SWIMMING.
7. Ill Swimming Competitions Amateur Athletic Union
records shall be recognized only over the following
distances:
a. Ifmade over a course not less than 60 feet and not
more than 220 yards in length:
Free Style— 50 yards, 100 yards, 120 yards, 150
yards, 200 yards, 220 yards, 300 yards, 440 yards
and 500 yards.
—
Back Stroke 100 yards and 150 yards.
—
Breast Stroke 100 yards and 200 yards.
—
Relay Racing Club teams of 4 or 5 men, each to
swim equal distances of 50 yards or 100 yards.
h. If made over a course not less than 220 feet and not
more than 220 yards in length.
—
Free Style 880 yards, 1,000 yards and one mile.
c. Plunging —
One minute time limit.
d. In addition to distances mentioned above, all records
over distances in meters, if made under record condi-
tions of the International Swimming Federation, shall
be acknowledged as Amateur Athletic Union records.
8. Amateur Athletic Union records can only be made in
still water or in tidal waters where the swimmer has not
been aided by the tide.
9. No performance made in a handicap competition
shall be allowed as a record unless at least three watches
shall have been started on the competitor claiming such
record.
10. No
record shall be allowed for any performance
where the distance does not finish at the end of the course,
unless a rope, to indicate the record distance, is stretched
across the course at a sufficient height from the surface
of the water not to interfere with the swimmer, and the
time taken when the competitor's head passes the line.
RULE VIII.
POINT TROPHIES.
1. When a trophy, or prize, is given for points in road
races or cross-country running, it shall be awarded to the
club whose team scores the least number of points, such
points to be counted according to the positions in which
the representatives of such club finish. In case of a
tie on points, the team whose individual member finished
nearest to first place shall be the winner.
2. Positions of contestants who are not entered for a
team prize and positions of contestants representing a
club which does not finish a full team of five men, and
positions of contestants who finish behind the fifth mem-
ber of their team, shall not be counted.
3. In track and field competitions such trophy shall be

awarded to the club scoring the greatest number of
points on the basis of 5 points for first, 3 for second, 2
for third and 1 for fourth place.
4. When two more clubs are tied in the number of
or
points, the trophy shall be awarded to the club whose
representatives score the greatest number of first places.
If two or more clubs are still tied for points, then to the
club whose representatives score the greatest number
of second places. If two or more clubs are still ties,
the trophy shall be cut in equal parts.
5. Events not advertised on entry blanks, and events,
other than novice events, which are not open to all
registered athletes, shall not count in points scored.
RULE IX.
ELIGIBILITY TO LIMITED EVENTS.
1. The eligibility to compete in events that are limited
to competitors who have never accomplished a certain
time, distance or height in a given event, shall be de-
termined by the competitor's record when the entries
for such event closed.
2. In all competitions in which classification is by
weight, competitors must weigh in for both trials and
finals, within three hours of the beginning of each com-
petition.
RULE X.
DEFINITION OF A NOVICE.
1. An athlete shall be held to be a novice in each of the
classes specified in Article IX of the Constitution until
he shall have won a prize, other than a survivor's token,
in a competition in that class, open to the members
of two or more clubs.
2. The winning of such a prize shall prevent his future
competition as a novice in that class, although his entry
may have been made before he lost his standing as a novice.
3. When in the opinion of the Registration Committee

it is satisfactorily proven that an atlilete has intention-
ally avoided winning a prize, he shall thereby forfeit
his right to compete in future competitions as a novice
in that class.
4. For the purpose of defining a novice in swimming,
the winning of a prize in any one of the following classes
does not affect an athlete's standing as a novice in any
of the other classes Free Style Swimming, Back Stroke,
:
Breast Stroke, Diving, Plunge for Distance, Water Polo.
RULE XL
ENTRIES.
1. All entries for competition held under Amateur Ath-
letic Union rules must be made on the entry forms
adopted by the Amateur Athletic Union.
2. An athlete who fails to compete after entering an
event in a bona fide way, and according to the rules, shall
be required to furnish a satisfactory excuse for such
failure or render himself liable to censure or suspension
by the local registration committee.
RULE XIL
PROFESSIONAL CONTESTS FORBIDDEN.
L No professional contest or exhibition shall be allowed
at any games, meetings or entertainments held under the
auspices of the Amateur Athletic Union. A regularly
employed instructor, however, may take part with his
pupils in group exhibitions only.
2. No competition shall be held between an amateur and
a professional, and where both amateur and professional
contests are held at the same place and on the same day,
all amateur events must either precede the professional
events or vice versa.
3. This rule shall not apply to bicychng events given
under the sanction of the National Cycling Association.
.
RULE XIII.
REPORT OF GAMES.
1. The official Scorers at all games given under the
rules of the Amateur Athletic Union shall be required
to deliver to the Official Handicapper and to the Chair-
man of the Registration Committee of the Association
in whose territory the games are held, within twenty-
four hours after the close of the games, the official
scores of all contests at such meeting. The Clerk of
the Course at such meeting shall also be required to
deliver in the same manner a complete list of all starters
in each event. Any club that shall fail to file the neces-
sary report of games shall be refused further sanctions
until such report be filed.
RULE XIV.
athletes' attire.
1 No athlete shall be allowed to wear the emblem of any
club or organization which he is not eligible to represent
in open competition under the rules of the Amateur
Athletic Union.
2. Athletes in track and field events shall be required
to wear trunks or breeches reaching to within four inches
of the knee, and the clothing must be clean and so de-
signed and worn as to not make an indecent display of
the competitor's person. It shall be the duty of the
("lerk of the Course to see that each and every con-
testant is properly attired, and under no circumstances
shall athletes be allowed to dress or undress, except in
the rooms or places provided for that purpose.
RULE XV.
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION.
1. In distance events exceeding five miles no competitor
shall be allowed to start unless he is over eighteen years
of age and has passed a physical examination to be made

by a physician appointed by the club or organization
holding the event.
RULE XVI.
RECOGNITION OF LEAGUES, FEDERATIONS AND GROUPS.
1. No Association of the Amateur Athletic Union shall
be allowed to recognize any league, federation or group
of clubs within its jurisdiction, unless the said league,
federation or group of clubs is a member of the Associa-
tion.
RULE XVIL
OPEN SPORTS.
1. Open sports are those in which the events are open
to members of more than one club, school, college or
other organization.
RULE xvin.
SANCTIONS AND PRIZES.
1. All games, meetings, benefits or entertainments of
any kind where athletes compete or exhibit must be
sanctioned, except where the same are held by a club
member of the Amateur Athletic Union or its allied bodies,
and the entries are confined to members of the club
giving such games, meetings, benefits or entertainments.
2. All organizations which have received sanction for
any contest where prizes sue stated on entry blanks,
shall be required to send to the local registration com-
mittee, before the date of the games, a copy of the
entry blank, and must state the value of the prizes to
be given for each event.
3. No sanction shall be given to any organization
which has failed to give prizes as stated on their entry
blanks, and with every sanction granted, shall be sent
a copy of Section 6, Article XI, of the Constitution and
a copy of this rule.
RULE XIX.
IDENTIFICATION CARDS.
1. Cards of identification shall be issued annually by the
Secretary of each Association to the members of the
Registration Committee, the Official Handicapper, Assist-
ant Handicappers and Athletic Commissioners, which
shall entitle them to free admission to the field at all
games held in their respective districts under the juris-
diction of the Amateur Athletic Union.
ATHLETIC RULES.
TRACK AND FIELD EVENTS.
RULE I.
OFFICIALS.
1. All amateur meetings shall bo under the dh-ection of
A Games Committee.
One Referee.
Two or more Inspectors.
Four or more Judges at Finish
One Chief Field Judge.
Three or more Field Judges.
Three Timekeepers.
One Judge of Walking.
One Field Doctor.
One Starter.
One Clerk of the Course.
One Scorer.
One Press Steward.
One Official Surveyor.
One Marshal.
2. If deemed necessary, assistants may be provided for
the Timekeepers, the Judge of Walking, the Clerk of the
Course, the Scorer, the Press Steward and the Marshal,
and an Official Announcer may also be appointed.
RULE II.
THE GAMES COMMITTEE.
1. In championship meetings, the Games Committee
shall be appointed by the Championship Committee.
2. At any club meeting the Games Committee shall be
appointed by the club holding the meeting.
3. This Committee shall provide a place properly laid

out and measured to conform to all the requirements of
these rules and shall also furnish all implements and
equipment necessary for the satisfactory competition of
the events scheduled in the official program, and shall
have jurisdiction of all matters not assigned by these
rules to the Referee or other games officials.
RULE III.
REFEREE.
1. The Referee shall enforce all the rules and decisions
of the Amateur Athletic Union, and shall decide all
questions relating to the actual conduct of the meeting,
the final settlement of which is not otherwise assigned
by said rules.
RULE IV.
INSPECTORS.
1. It shall be the duty of an Inspector to stand at such
point as the Referee may designate; to watch the com-
petition closely, and in case of a foul or violation of the
rules by a competitor or other person, to report to the
Referee what he saw of the incident.
2. Such Inspectors are merely assistants to the Referee,
to whom they shall report, and have no power to make
any decisions.
RULE V.
JUDGES AT FINISH.
1 There shall be four or more Judges at Finish, who shall
.
decide the order in which the competitors finish in the

competition. In case of a disagreement, the majority
shall decide. Their decision as to the order in which
the men finish shall be final and without appeal.
(8 SPALDING'S ATHLKTIC LIBRARY
RULE VI.
FIELD JUDGES.
1, The Chief Field Judge shall see that all implements
and equipments are in accordance with these rules and
that the field events are conducted expeditiously.
2. The Field Judges shall measure, judge and record
each trial of each competitor in all games, whose record
is of distance or height. Their decision as to the per-
formance of each man shall be final and without appeal.
RULE VIL
TIMEKEEPERS.
1. Each of the three Timekeepers shall time every event.
In case two of their watches agree, and the third dis-
agrees, the time marked by the two shall be official time.
If all watches disagree, the time marked by the watch
giving the middle time shall be the official time. Time
shall be taken from the flash of the pistol.
2. Should assistants to the Timekeepers be provided,
they shall perform like duties, but the time recorded by
their watches shall only be accepted in the event of one
or more of the watches held by the other Timekeepers
failing to mark the time, in which case they shall be
called upon in such order as may be previously decided
upon, so that on all races, where possible, three watches
shall record the time.
3. If, for any reason, only two watches record the time
of an event, and they fail to agree, the longest time of
the two shall be accepted as the official time.
RULE VIII.
JUDGE OF WALKING.
1. The Judge of Walking shall have sole power to
determine the fairness or unfairness of walking, and his
rulings thereon shall be final and without appeal. He
shall caution any competitor whenever walking unfairly,

the third caution to disqualify, except that he shall
immediately disqualify any competitor when walking
unfairly during the last 220 yards of a race. He shall
control his assistants, and assign to them such of his
duties as he may deem proper.
See Rule XLVIII.
RULE IX.
CLERK OF THE COURSE.
1. The Clerk of the Course shall be provided with the
names and the numbers of all entered competitors, and
he shall notify them to appear at the starting Hne before
the start in each event in which they are entered.
2. In case of handicap events from marks, he shall place
each competitor behind his proper mark; shall immedi-
ately notify the Starter should any competitor attempt
to advance himself after the Starter has warned them
to "get ready;" and in time allowance handicaps shall
furnish the Starter with the number and time allowance
of each actual competitor. He shall control his assist-
ants, and assign to them such duties as he may deem
proper. In all track competitions run in lanes the choice
of lanes shall be drawn for in each heat; in all other
track competitions the positions shall be numbered from
the curb or pole and shall be drawn for according to
clubs in scratch events, and in handicap events the com-
petitors shall be allotted their positions by the Clerk of
the Course.
RULE X.
SCORER.
I. The Scorer shall record the order in which each com-
petitor finishes his event, together with the time furnished
him l)y the Timekeepers, and the height or distance
furnished him l)v the Field Judges. He shall keep a tally
of the laps made by each competitor in races covering
more than one lap, and shall announce by means of a

bell,or otherwise, when the leading man enters the last
lap. He shall control his assistants, and assign to them
such of his duties as he may deem proper.
RULE XI.
PRESS STEWARDS.
1. Press Stewards shall obtain from the Clerk of the
Course and Scorer the names of all starters in each event,
the names of all point winners, and the times or distances
of each winning or record performance, and keep the
press thoroughly informed of all doings of the meeting.
RULE XIL
OFFICIAL SURVEYOR,
1. The Official Surveyor shall survey the track and all
courses for the distances which are to be contested and
furnish a statement of same to the Games Committee
or Referee before the games.
RULE XIIL
MARSHAL.
I. The Marshal shall have full police charge of the en-
closure and shall prevent any but officials and actual
competitors from entering or remaining therein. He
shall control his assistants and assign to them their
duties.
RULE XIV.
STARTER.
1. The
Starter shall have entire control of the competi-
tors at marks, and shall be the sole judge of fact as to
whether or not any man has gone over his mark.
2. All races shall be started by the report of a pistol,
except that in time handicap races the word "Go" shall

be used.
3. All questions concerning the start shall be decided by
the Starter.
4. When any part of the body of the competitor shall
touch the ground in front of his mark before the starting
signal is given, it shall 1)0 considered a false start.
5. If, in the opinion of the Starter, a false start has been
made, he can recall the competitors by a second pistol
shot, and penalize the offender or the offenders.
G. For all races up to and including 125 yards, the com-
petitor shall be put back 1 yard for the first and another
yard for the second attempt; in races over 125 yards
and including 300 yards, 2 yards for the first and 2 yards
for the second; in races over 800 yards and including
600 yards, 3 yards for the first and 3 yards for the
second; in races over 600 yards and including 1,000
yards, 4 yards for the first and 4 jârds for the second;
in races over 1,000 yards and including 1 mile, 5 yards
for the first and 5 yards for the second; in all races over
1 mile, 10 yards for the first and 10 yards for the second.
In all cases the third false start shall disqualify the com-
petitor from the event. In relay races the penalty shall be
according to the distance the offender is to run in the race.
7. The Starter shall also rule out of that event any com-
petitor who attempts to advance himself from his mark,
as prescribed in the official program, after the Starter
has given the warning to "get ready."
8. The Starter must have at least two good cartridges
in his pistol before starting a heat.
RULE XV.
OFFICIAL ANNOUNCER.
1. The Official Announcer shall receive from the Scorer
the result of each event and announce the same by voice
or by means of a bulletin board.
.
62 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY,
RULE XVI.
THE COURSE.
1. Each competitor shall keep in his respective position
from start to finish in all races on straightaway tracks.
On races with tracks of one or more turns, he shall not
cross in front of a competitor until he is two yards in
advance of his nearest competitor.
2. In all championship races of the Amateur Athletic
Union, or any of its Associations, at any distance under
and including 300 yards, each competitor shall have a
separate course (at least 3 feet), properly roped, staked
and measured, whether the race be run on a straight path
or around one or more curves.
RULE XVII.
•
ATTENDANTS.
1. Except in distance races of five miles or over, no
attendant or competitor who is not actually taking'
part in the race shall accompany any competitor on
the mark or in the race, nor shall any competitor be
allowed, without the permission of the Referee or Judges,
to receive assistance or refreshment from anyone during
the progress of the race.
RULE XVIII.
THE COMPETITION.
1 Any competitor wilfully jostling, or running across, or
obstructing another competitor so as to impede his
progress, or competing to lose or to coach another com-
petitor, either in a trial or final contest, shall forfeit his
right to be in the competition, and shall not be awarded
any position or prize to which he would otherwise have
been entitled.
2. No competitor, after leaving the track, shall be
allowed to rejoin a race either for the purpose of gaining
a place or to pace or assist another competitor.
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC MBRARX. 63
3. When, in any but the final heat of a race, a claim of

foul or interference is made, the Referee shall have the
power to disqualify the competitor who was at fault,
if he considers the foul intentional or due to culpable
carelessness, and shall also have the power to allow
the hindered competitor to start in the next round of
heats, just as if he had been placed in his trial.
4. When, in a final heat, a claim of foul or interference
is made, the Referee shall have the power to disqualify
the competitor who was at fault, if he considers the foul
intentional or due to culpable carelessness, and he shall
also have the power to order a new race between such
of the competitors as he thinks entitled to such a privilege.
5. Any competitor wdio shall refuse to obey the direc-
tions of the Referee or other proper official, or who shall
conduct himself in a manner unbecoming a gentleman,
or offensive to the officials, spectators or competitors at
any meeting held under the rules of the Amateur Athletic
Union, may be disqualified by the Referee from future
competition at the meeting, and if the Referee thinks
the offense worthy of additional punishment he shall
promptly make detailed statement of the offense to the
Registration Committee in whose territory the offense
was committed.
RULE XIX.
CHANGE OF PROGRAM.
1. The order of events, as laid down in the official pro-
gram, shall not be changed, nor shall the announced
arrangement of heats in any event be added to or al-
tered except by the Referee, who, however, shall have no
authority after heats have been duly drawn or published
in the program, to transfer a contestant from one heat
to another.
RULE XX.
POSTPONEMENTS.
1. The Referee shall have the power to call off or post-
.
pone to a future date any event even though the same has
been actually commenced, if in his judgment the competi-
tion cannot be conducted or completed in a satisfactory
manner and in fairness to the competitors.
2. Should any event have been actually commenced, it
shall be conducted (between the competitors who re-
ported on the first date) at a future date in the same
manner as though the competition had never been
started.
RULE XXL
COMPETITORS.
1 All competitors shall report to the Clerk of the Course
immediately upon their arrival at the place of meeting,
and shall be provided by that official with their proper
numbers, which must be worn conspicuously by the
competitors when competing, and without which they
shall not be allowed to start.
I
2. Each competitor shall inform himself of the time of
etarting, and shall be promptly at the starting point
of each competition in which he is entered, and there
report to the Clerk of the Course.
RULE XXIL
FIELD EVENTS.
L The officials shall have the power to change the place
of the competition in any field event if in their opinion
the conditions warrant the same.
2. All measurements must be made with a steel tape,
3. scratch events the competitors shall take their
In all
trials in the order of their names as printed in the
program.
4. In all handicap events the competitor having the
greatest allowance shall make the first trial, and so on, in
regular order, up to the competitor at scratch or with
least allowance, who shall have the last trial.
RULE XXIII.
WEIGHT EVENTS.
1. weight events thrown from the circle, except
In all
Throwing the Heavy Weight for Height, the competitor
must stay in the circle until his attempt is marked by an
official.
2. Inweight events thrown from the circle, the com-
all
petitor may
touch the inside of the circle.
3. The circle shall be 7 feet (2.134 meters) in diameter
for all weight events except Throwing the Discus, which
shall be thrown from a circle 8 feet 2^ inches (2.5
meters) in diameter. The circle shall be measured from
the inside, and in outdoor competitions shall be sunk
almost flush with the ground. In indoor competitions
the circle may be marked on the floor.
RULE XXIV.
THE FINISH.
1. The finish line shall line on the ground drawn
be a
across the track from finish post to finish post and the
men shall be placed in the order in which any part of
their bodies (i. e., "torso," as distinguished from the
head, arms, feet or hands) crosses such line.
2. For the purpose of aiding the judges, but not as a
finish line, there shall be stretched across the track at
the finish, 4 feet (1.22 meters) above the ground, a
worsted string which shall not be held by the judges, but
fastened to the finish post at either side, so it will always be
at right angles to the course and parallel to the ground.
3. No competitor shall be considered to have finished
unless his entire body shall have crossed the finish line.
RULE XXV.
TRACK MEASUREMENT AND THE DIRECTION OF RUNNING.
1 . All distances run or walked shall be measured upon a
line 12 inches outward from the inner edge of the track,
except that in races on straightaway tracks the distance

shallbe measured in a direct line from the starting mark
to the finish line. There must be a border of board,
rope, cement, or other material.
2. The direction of the running shall be left hand inside.
RULE XXVI.
USE OF IMPLEMENTS.
1. A competitor may use his own implement, provided
the same complies with the specifications hereinafter
set forth.
2. Nocompetitor shall be permitted to use the imple-
ment of another competitor without the special consent
thereto given by the owner of such implement.
RULE XXVII.
OFFICIAL PEGS.
L In events where cross-bars and pegs are to be used,
pegs shall be without rings and of uniform thickness
and must not extend more than 3 inches from the up-
rights. The cross-bar must be of wood, the ends of
which must not project more than 6 inches beyond the
pegs.
^
RULE XXVIII.
PROTESTS.
1. Protests against any entered competitor may be made
verbally or in writing to the Games Committee or any
member thereof before the meeting, or to the Referee
during the meeting. If possible, the Committee or
Referee shall decide such protests at once. If the nature
of the protest or the necessity of obtaining testimony
prevents an immediate decision, the competitor shall be
allowed to compete under protest, and the protest shall
be decided by the Games Committee within one week,
unless its subject be the amateur standing of the com-
petitor or his eligibility to compete, in which case the
Games Committee must such protest within

report
forty-eight hours to the member of the Registration
Committee in whose territory the games are being held.
RULE XXIX.
TIES AND DEAD HEATS.
1. In scratch contests where results are determined
all
by measurements of height or distance, ties shall be
decided as follows:
(a) If two or more competitors tie at any height in the
standing or running high jump, the bar shall be lowered
at the discretion of the officials and three more trials
allowed, the competitor clearing it in the least number
of trials to be the winner.
(b) If there is a second tie, the bar shall be lowered and
three more trials allowed, the competitor clearing it in
the least number of trials to be the winner.
(c) If there is another tie at any height, the bar shall be
raised or lowered, at the option of the ofhcials, and the
competitor clearing it in the least number of trials shall
be declared the winner. All further ties shall be decided
in the same way.
(d) In case of a tie in the pole vault, the officials shall
raise or lower the bar, at their discretion, and those
competitors who have ties shall be allowed one trial at
each height.
(g) In case of a tie in a scratch contest at any other game
decided by height or distance, each of the tieing com-
petitors shall have three additional trials, and the award
shall be made in accordance with the distances cleared
in these additional trials. In case of a second tie, three
more trials shall be allowed, and so on, until a decision
is reached.
any field event, the subsequent
(f) In case of a tie in
performances only determine the relative position of
those who are competing to decide the tie.
68 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBBAET.
2. In case of a dead heat in any scratch track event

the competitors shall not be allowed to divide the prize
or points, or to toss for them, but must compete again
at a time and place appointed by the Referee.
3. In handicap contests, in both track and field events,
the award shall be given to the competitor who received
the least allowance. In case of a tie or dead heat be-
tween two or more competitors who received the same
allowance, the decision shall be made as in scratch con-
tests.
JUMPING.
RULE XXX.
RUNNING HIGH JUMP.
1. The Field Judges shall decide the height at which
the jump shall commence, and shall regulate the suc-
ceeding elevations.
2. Three jumps are allowed at each height, and a failure
at the third attempt shall disqualify.
3. A competitor may commence at any height above the
minimum height.
4. At each successive height each competitor shall take
one trial in his proper turn; then those failing, if any,
shall have their second trial jump in like order, after
which those having failed twice shall make their third
trial jump.
5. A competitor may decline to jump at any height in
his turn, and by so doing, forfeits his right to again jump
at the height declined.
6. The jump shall be made over a bar resting on pegs
projecting from the uprights, and when this bar is re-
moved from its place it shall be counted as a trial jump.
Neither diving nor somersaulting over the bar shall
be permitted.
7. A line shall be drawn 3 feet in front of the bar and
parallel therewith, to be known as a balk line, and
stepping over such line, in any attempt, shall be counted
.
as "balk," and two successive "balks" shall be

a
counted as a trial jump.
8. As soon as a competitor makes a spring in order to
jump, this shall be counted as a trial jump.
9. The distance of the run before the jump shall be un-
limited.
10. All measurements shall be made perpendicularly
from the ground to the upper side of the bar where it is
lowest.
11. The employment of weights or grips of any kind is
forbidden.
12. A competitor may place a mark for his take-off in
running broad or running high jump.
13. The uprights shall not be moved during the competi-
tion.
14. The uprights shall be at least 12 feet (3.66 meters)
apart.
15. The take-off ground about the jump must be level.
RULE XXXI.
STANDING HIGH JUMP.
1 feet of the competitor may be placed in any posi-
The
tion, but shall leave the ground only once in making an
attempt to jump. When the feet are lifted from the
ground twice, or two springs are made in making the
attempt, it shall count as one trial jump without result.
A competitor may rock forward and backward, lifting
heels and toes alternately from the ground, but he may
not lift either foot clear from the ground or slide it along
in any direction on the ground.
2. With these exceptions, the rules are the same as those
for the Running High Jump.
RULE XXXII.
RUNNING BROAD JUMP.
1. The length of the run is unlimited. Each competitor
shall be allowed three jumps, and the five best shall be

allowed three more jumps. Each competitor shall be
credited with the best of all his jumps.
2. When jumped on earth the take-off shall be from a
joist sunk flush with the ground, the outer edge of which
shall be called the scratch line. In front of the scratch line,
over a width of 3.94 inches (10 centimeters), the ground
shall be sprinkled with soft earth or sand to make it
slightly higher than the take-off joist. The measure-
ment of the jumps shall be made at right angles from the
scratch line, or scratch line extended, to the nearest
break in the ground made by any part of the body of the
competitor.
3. If any competitor swerves aside at the taking-off line,
or the line extended, or touches the ground in front of
the take-off joist with any part of his foot, such jump
shall not be measured-, but it shall be counted against
the competitor as one jump.
4. A line shall be drawn 6 feet in front of the scratch
line, to be known as the balk line, and stepping, or falling,
over such line, or such line extended, in any attempt,
shall be counted as a "balk," and two successive balks
shall be counted as a trial jump.
5. The rules for the Running High Jump shall govern,
where applicable.
RULE XXXIII.
STANDING BROAD JUMPS.
1. (See rules for the Standing High Jump, as well as,
where applicable, for the Running Broad Jump.)
RULE XXXIV.
HOP, STEP AND JUMP.
I. The competitor shall first land upon the same foot
with which he shall have taken off, the reverse foot shall
be used for the second landing, and both feet shall be
used for the third landing.
2. In all other respects, the rules for the Running Broad

Jump shall govern.
RULE XXXV.
POLE VAULT.
1. The height of the bar at starting and at each suc-
cessive elevation shall be determined by the Field Judges.
2. Each competitor shall be allowed three jumps at each
height, and the competitor who fails at the third attempt
shall be disqualified.
3. A competitor may commence at any height above the
minimum height. He must, however, jump at every
following height until he has forfeited his right to com-
pete further.
4. The vault shall be made over a bar resting on pegs.
5. As soon as a competitor has left the ground for the
purpose of making a jump, the jump is counted as a
trial.
6. Aline shall be drawn 15 feet in front of the bar and
parallel therewith, to be known as the balk line, and
stepping over such a line, or such line extended, in any
attempt, shall be counted as a "balk," and two successive
"balks" shall be counted as a trial jump.
7. Any competitor shall be allowed to dig a hole not
more than one foot in diameter at the take-off, in which
to plant his" pole.
8. A competitor must not, in the moment that he makes
a jump, or after leaving the ground, place his lower hand
above the upper one or move the upper hand higher up
on the pole.
9. Poles may have a binding, but must not have any
further support for the hands.
10. If the uprights are moved, they shall not be moved
more than two feet in any direction, and not more than
one hole may be made by a competitor. The take-off
ground about the jump shall be level.
11. The uprights shall be at least 12 feet (3.66 meters)

apart.
12. All measurements shall be made perpendicularly
from the ground to the upper side of the bar where it is
lowest.
13. In the pole vault, if inmaking a trial the competi-
not count as a trial.
tor's pole is broken, it shall
'
14. The rules governing the Running Broad Jump shall
also govern the Pole Vault for Distance, except that when
the man leaves the ground in an attempt, it shall be
counted a trial.
—
Note If the uprights are moved, the Field Judges should
make a re-measurement, because if there is any inequality in
the ground at all, changing the uprights may make a differenes
varying from one inch to a quarter of an inch, and a competitor
should not be allowed to obtain an advantage in that way.
THROWING.
RULE XXXVI.
THROWING THE DISCUS.
All throws, to be valid, must fall within a 90 degree
1.
sector marked on the ground.
2. It shall be a foul throw if the competitor, after he has
stepped into the circle and started to make his throw,
touches with any part of his body or clothing the ground
outside the circle before the discus strikes the ground.
It shall also be a foul if the competitor steps on circle.
3. The measurements of each throw shall be made from
the nearest mark made by the fall of the discus to the
inside circumference of the circle on a line from such
mark made by the discus to the center of the circle.
4. Each competitor shall have three trial throws, and the
best five shall have three more. Each competitor shall
be credited with the best of all his throws.
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. fS
RULE XXXVIL
PUTTING THE SHOT.
1. The shot shall be put from the shoulder with one
hand only, and it must never be brought behind the
shoulder.
2. In the middle of the circumference of the circle, at
the front half thereof, shall be placed a stop-board, firmly
fastened to the ground. In making his puts, the feet
of the competitor may rest against but not on top of
this board.
3. A fair put shall be one in which no part of the person
of the competitor touches the top of the stop-board, the
top of the circle, or the ground outside the circle.
4. The measurement of each put shall be taken at the
circle from the nearest mark made by the fall of the shot
to the inside of the circumference of the circle on a line
from such mark made by the shot to the center of the
circle.
5. Foul puts and letting go the shot in making an at-
tempt shall be counted as trial puts without result. It
shall also be a foul if the competitor steps on the circle,
or leaves the circle before his throw has been marked.
6. Each competitor shall have three trial puts, and the
best five shall have three more. Each competitor shall
be credited with the best of all his puts.
RULE XXXVIII.
JAVELIN THROWING.
1. The throwingshall take place from behind a scratch
line properlymarked, which shall be a board 2f inches
(7 centimeters) in width and 12 feet (3.66 meters) in
length, sunk flush with the ground.
2. The javelin must be held by the grip, and no other
method of holding is admissible.
3. No throw shall be counted in which the point of the
74 SPALJ)ING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY,
javelin does not strike the ground before any part of

the shaft,
4. The throw is measured from the point at which the
point of the j avelin first strikes the ground to the scratch
line or the scratch line produced.
5. Each competitor shall have three trial throws, and
the best five shall have three more. Each competitor
shall be credited with the best of all his throws,
6. The thrower hiust not place his foot or feet upon the
board.
7. In javelin throwing the competitor must not cross the
Una until his throw has been marked.
8. In throwing the javelin, if the javelin breaks while
in the air, it shall not count as a trial.
RULE XXXIX.
THROWING THE HEAVY WEIGHT.
1. In making his throw, the competitor may assume any
position he chooses and use both hands.
2. Foul throws and letting go the weight in an attempt
shall count as trial throws without result.
3. It shall also be a foul if the competitor steps on the
circle, or leaves the circle before his throw has been
marked.
THROWING FOR DISTANCE.
4. A fair throw shall be one where no part of the body of
the competitor touches the top of the circle or the ground
outside the circle.
5. The measurement of each throw shall be taken at the
circle from the nearest mark made by the fall "of any part
of the weight or handle to the inside edge of the circum-
ference of the circle on a line from such mark to the
center of the circle.
shall be credited with the best of all his throws.
.
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRART.
THROWING FOR HEIGHT.

7. A
barrel head 3 feet in diameter shall be suspended
horizontally in the air.
8. The Field Judges shall determine the height at which
the barrel head shall be fixed at the beginning of the com-
petition, and at each successive elevation.
9. A fair throw shall be one where no part of the body
of tlie competitor touches the ground outside the circle
before the weight touches the barrel head, and where any
part of the weight or handle touches any part of the bar-
rel head.
10. The measurement of each throw shall be from the
ground perpendicularly up to the lowest part of the barrel
head.
1 1 The method of competition shall be the same as in
the Running High Jump.
RULE XL.
1. All throws to be valid throws must fall within a 90
degree sector marked on the ground.
2. A fair throw shall be where no part of the body of the
competitor touches the ground outside the circle.
3. It shall also be a foul if the competitor steps on the
circle or leaves the circle before his throw has been
marked.
shall be credited with the best of all his throws.
5. The measurement of the throws shall be from the
nearest edge of the first mark made by the head of the
hammer to the inside circumference of the circle on a line
from such mark made by the hammer to the center of
circle.
(). Letting go of the hammer in an attempt, or touching
the ground outside the circle with any portion of the
body while the hammer is in hand, are foul throws,

which shall not be measured but which shall count as
throws.
7. Iri hammer throwing, if the hammer breaks while in
the air, it shall not be considered a throw.
RULE XLI.
METHOD OF MEASURING.
1. In all weight events and broad jumps, that portion of
the tape showing the feet and inches must be held by
the official at the take-off or at the circle.
RULE XLIL
HURDLES.
1. Different heights, distances and number of hurdles
m.ay be selected for hurdle races.
2. In the 120 yards hurdle race, each hurdle shall
be 3 feet 6 inches high. They shall be placed 10 yards
apart, with the first hurdle 15 yards distant from the
starting point, and the last hurdle 15 yards before
the finishing line. In the 220 yards hurdle race 10 hurd-
les shall be used, each hurdle to be 2 feet 6 inches high.
They shall be placed 20 yards apart, with the first hurdle
20 yards distant from the starting mark, and the last
hurdle 20 yards before the finishing line.
3. In the 440 yards hurdle race 10 hurdles shall be used,
each hurdle to be 3 feet in height. The first hurdle shall
be placed 40 yards from the scratch mark, the remaining
hurdles shall be placed 40 yards apart, and the distance
from the last hurdle to the finishing line shall be 40 yards.
4. In the 110 meter hurdle race there shall be 10 hurdles,
each hurdle 1.06 meters (3 feet 6 inches) high. The
distance from the scratch mark to the first hurdle shall
be 13.72 meters (15 yards): the remaining hurdles shall
be ];laced 9.14 meters (10 yards) apart, and the distance

from the last hurdle to the winning post shall be 14.02
meters (46 feet).
5. In the 400 meter hurdle race, there shall be 10 flights
of hurdles, each hurdle to be 3 feet in height. The first
hurdle shall be placed 45 meters (49.213 yards) from the
scratch mark, the remaining hurdles shall be placed 35
meters (38.277 5\ards) apart, and the distance from the
last hurdle to the winning post shall be 40 meters (43.745
yards).
6. In hurdle races of other distances, and with different
numbers of hurdles, the hurdles shall be placed at equal
intervals, with the same distance between the first hurdle
and the starting point and the last hurdle and the
finishing line as between each of the hurdles.
7. In making a record it shall be necessary for the com-
petitor to jump over every hurdle in its proper position,
and no record shall be allowed unless all the hurdles
remain standing after the competitor clears them.
8. A competitor knocking down three or more hurdles
or any portion of three or more hurd/es in a race shall be
disqualified. A competitor who runs around or trails
his leg or foot alongside any hurdle shall be disqualified.
9. In all championship hurdle races of the Amateur
Athletic Union, or any of its Associations, up to and in-
cluding 300 yards, each competitor shall have separate
hurdles and a separate course marked out and measured
independently, whether races are run straightaway or
with turns.
RULE XLIIL
MARATHON RACE.
1. The Marathon Race shall be run on high roads. The
start and finish may be on the athletic grounds.
2. Each competitor must send with his entry a medical
certificate, from a physician of standing, certifying to
his fitness to take part in a race of this kind.
78 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARy.
3. No competitor, either at the start or during the prog-

ress of the race, may take any so-called drugs on pain
of immediate disquahfication.
4, A competitor must at once retire from the race if
ordered to do so by a member of the medical staff,
officially appointed.
RULE XLIV.
RELAY RACES.
1. A line shall be drawn 10 yards on each side of the
starting line of each relay to be known as the starting
zone. Within this zone each runner must pass the baton
to the succeeding runner. No member of a relay team
in order to relieve his team mate can run outside of such
zone. The baton must be passed, not thrown or dropped
by a competitor and picked up by the one succeeding
him. Violation of any of these rules by any competitor
shall disqualifj^ the team.
2. No mancan run two relays in any one team.
3. The composition of a team cannot be changed
after a trial heat has been run. No change can be made
in the order of running, except m
relay races w^here each
competitor runs the same distance.
4. The positions of the teams must be drawn for.
5. In all relay races an announcement must be made
as to the distance each competitor is to run in his relay.
Any competitor failing to run the distance required shall
cause his team to be disqualified.
6. In the case of a handicap relay race the runner
on the first relay is allowed the total handicap allowed
each team.
RULE XLV.
TEAM RACES.
L Track team races may be divided, if necessary, into
trial heats and a final heat.
.
RULE XLVI.
CROSS-COUNTRY RACE.
1.The race shall be cross-country on a course properly
marked and surveyed. The start and finish may be
within the athletic grounds.
2. The course must be properly marked, preferably with
red flags to the left and white flags to the right, which
must be observable from a distance of 125 yards. In
all other respects the rules governing track competitions
shall apply.
RULE XLYIL
STEEPLECHASE RACE.
1. There shall be five jumps, including a water jump,
to each quarter mile.
2. The hurdles shall be not more than 3 feet high. The
hurdles at the water jump shall be firmly fixed.
3. Each competitor shall go over or through the water,
and any one who steps to one side or the other of the
jump shall be disqualified. The competitor must clear
each jump, but may vault each oljstacle.
RULE XLVIIL
WALKING.
1 Walkinga succession of steps and, in contradistinc-
is
tion to running (wherein both feet may be off the ground
at the same time) in walking there must always be contact
,
with the ground with some portion of one of the feet.

2. In track races the following code of rules governing
walking must be adhered to, or else disquahfication will
ensue:
(a) Leg Action —
As the foremost foot in taking a step
touches the ground, the knee must not be bent. The
heel must touch the ground first and the toe be the last
portion of the foot to leave it. It is imperative that the
heel of the foremost foot must touch the ground before

the toe of the other foot ceases to have contact with it.
{b) Carriage of Body —
The body must be kept
strictly upright.
—
Note. Discretionary power is given to the judge or judges of
walking to decide whether, in the event of the body being in-
clined forward, such attitude is the result of fatigue or arises
from some cause beyond the control of the competitor; and if
it be, and he or they are convinced that the rule has been broken
for such reason only, and that the competitor is still walking
fairly otherwise, disqualification need not necessarily follow from
this cause alone.
Carriage of
(c) Arms —The arms may be held in any
way the walker likes, but it is advised that they be
carried well up,
3. A disqualified competitor must at once leave the
track.
COMBINED COMPETITIONS.
RULE XLIX.
PENTATHLON.
1. The competition comprises the following events:
Running Broad Jump, Throwing the Javelin, 200 meters
flat race. Throwing the Discus, and 1,500 meters fiat
race. The events shall be contested in the above-men-
tioned order.
2. Three trials only are allowed in both jumping and
throwing.
3. In the 200 meters flat race, groups of three men are
formed by lot. If the number of runners is such that
after the groups have been arranged one man is over to
run alone, one man shall be drawn by lot from among
the remaining competitors to run against him.
4. In each event the winner shall receive 1 point, the
second man 2 points, etc.
5. Points are counted according to the result obtained.
In the event of a tie, the competitors need not compete
again. If thus two or more obtain the same result, those
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRAUY. 81
SO tieing receive the same points, and the next man

receives a point corresponding to the position in which
he finishes relative to all the other competitors.
6. All compete in the first three events. The total
points of the competitors are counted, and the twelve
best (i. e., those with the lowest numbers of points) shall
qualify to compete in the Discus Throwing. If the
counting of the points results in a tie for the twelfth
place, all such may start in the Discus Throwing.
7. The points of the competitors entitled to compete in
the Discus Throwing shall then be counted again with
reference to their relative order in each of the first three
events, their points being counted as if they alone had
competed without reference to the placing of other com-
petitors. The Discus Throwing and 1,500 meters flat
shall then be started with the points thus awarded.
8. After the Discus Throwing, the six best compete in
the 1,500 meters flat race, to be run in one heat.
9. If more than one tie for the sixth place after the Dis-
cus Throwing, all such may compete in the 1,500 meters
flat race.
10. In the flat races, the time for each competitor shall
be taken with three watches.
11. The winner shall be the one who, on the completion
of the 1,500 meters flat race, has olDtained the lowest
total points in the five competitions.
12. If at the end of the competition one or more of the
competitors obtain the same number of points, their
respective positions shall be determined by the valuation
of their result according to the Decathlon table.
RULE L.
DECATHLON.
1.The competition comprises the following events: 100
metersflat, Running Broad Jump, Putting the Weight,
Running High Jump, and 400 meters flat, on the first
.
82 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRART.
day. Hurdle Race (110 meters), Throwing the Discus,

Pole Vault, Throwng the Javelin, and 1,500 meters flat,
on the following da3^ The events shall be contested in
the above mentioned order.
2. Three trials only are allowed in both jumping and
throwing.
3. Both in the 100 meters and 400 meters flat races, as
well as in the hurdle race, three or four competitors start
in each group. On the other hand, in the 1,500 meters
race, five or six shall start. However, the Referee shall
have the right, in case of necessity, to make alterations.
4. The composition of the groups is decided by lot.
5. The time for each competitor shall be taken with
three w-atches.
6. The winner shall be the one who has obtained the
highest number of points in the ten divisions.
7. For a result similar to the best result obtained at
previous Olympic Games, 1,000 points will be awarded.
Smaller results are valued in accordance with a special
table which wall be issued at a later date. If a result
exceeds the best "Olympic" result, correspondingly higher
points will be awarded.
RULE LI.
TUG-OF-WAR WITHOUT CLEATS.
1. The teams shall consist of equal numbers of com-
petitors. The rope shall be of sufficient length to allow
for a pull of twelve feet, and for twelve feet slack at
each end, together with four feet for each competitor;
it shall be not less than four inches in circumference and
shall be without knots or other holdings for the hands.
A center tape shall be affixed to the center of the rope,
and six feet on each side of the center tape a side tape
shall be affixed to the rope. A center line shall be marked
on the ground, and six feet on each side of the center
line a side line parallel thereto. At the start the rope
shall be taut and the center tape shall be over the
SPAI>DING*S ATHLETIC T.IBRART. 83
center line and the competitors outside the side lines.

During no part of tlie pull shall the rope be tied or in
any way crossed by the anchor man, nor shall he wil-
fully place either hand on the ground.
2. There shall be one Judge and two Inspectors who
shall be responsil)le for seeing that the rules are properly
carried out. The Judge shall start the competition by
word of mouth and take charge of the center and side
lines, and give effect to the result of any pull by blow-
ing a whistle. The Inspectors shall take charge of the
teams and see that members of such teams do not
wilfully touch the ground with any part of the body
other than the feet, and report to the Judge any
infringement of this rule. It shall be in the discretion
of the Judge to disqualify the offending team and award
the pull in question to the opposing side, or he may
disqualify the offending team from the competition. A
pull shall be won when one team shall have pulled the
side tape of the opposing side over their own side line,
or if any portion of the foot of any competitor of the
opposing side goes beyond the center line. In the event
of both teams leaving go of the rope before either side
has pulled the side tape of the opposing side over their
own side line, the pull shall be declared no pull and shall
not constitute one of the requisite number of pulls. No
competitor shall make any hole in the ground with his
feet, or in any other way, before the start. In all com-
petitions confined to certain weights, two Clerks shall
be appointed who shall be responsible to the Judge for
the correct weighing of the competitors before the start.
All heats shall be won by two pulls out of three. All
competitors shall wear boots or shoes as per regulation;
heel and sides of heel (i. e., from the face to the seat)
shall be perfectly flush. No prepared boots or shoes,
hool plates (sunken or otherwise), projecting nails, tips,
springs, Blakej's, rubbers, points, hollows or projections
of any kind shallbe allowed.
3. No gloves or adhesive substance whatever shall be

used on the hands or ropes.
4. Where three teams only compete, the team drawing
the bye shall pull off for second prize if defeated by the
winner of the first round.
HULE LIL
TUG-OF-WAR WITH CLEATS.
1. The Tug-of-War shall be pulled on 8 Avooden cleats,
each 22 inches long, 6 inches high, and at least 4 inches
thick. These shall be set on edge and bolted to a board
base and shall be at least 6 feet 6 inches apart, with the
first cleat, on each side of a central clamp, at least 6 feet
distant therefrom.
2. The clamp shall be equidistant from the first cleat
on either side and shall be of sufficient strength to hold
the rope in position until released, but not make an
appreciable kink in the rope.
3. The rope used shall be of manila, three-stranded,
and not less than 43^^ nor more than 5 inches in circum-
ference.
4. No mechanical device shall be used for holding the
rope, but a belt may be worn to protect the body of
the anchor man, although the flanges to hold the rope
in place around the belt shall not be constructed so as
to bind on the rope in any position that the anchor
may assume. The belt shall not weigh more than 20
pounds.
5. No knot of any kind shall be tied in the rope, and the
rope slrall not be passed more than once around the body
of the anchor.
6. Leather shields and gloves may be used by the con-
testants and adhesive substances may be put on the same.
7. Competitors shall not use weights in unlimited
pulls,but in pulls limited to specific weights, competi-
tors may use weights, provided the total weight of the
team, including the weights, does not exceed the

weight limit.
8. When the competition is limited to teams of a given
weight, competitors shall be weighed immediately before
competing and shall be weighed as they pull, viz:
including clothing, shoes, belt, etc.
9. In no case shall any man pull on more than one team
in a competition, and no substitute shall be allowed to
pull on any team that has pulled a trial.
10. The standard time limit for each pull shall be five
minutes, and a rest of not less than ten minutes shall be
allowed each competitor between trial pulls. A shorter
or longer time limit may be agreed upon in other than
championship contests.
11. Any position may be assumed by the competitors
before the start, which shall be made by pistol fire
after the teams have been first notified to "get ready".
12. In case a team gains 3 feet from its opponent, it
shall be awarded the pull.
13. Immediately before the competition the captains of
the opposing teams shall draw their numbers and com-
pete in a preliminary round to reduce the number of
competing teams to 2, 4, 8, 16, and so on. (Thus if there
are 3, 5, or 9 teams, have one preliminary pull to
reduce to 2, 4, or 8; if 6 or 10 teams, have two pulls
to reduce to 4 or 8; if 7 or 11 teams, have three pulls
to reduce to 4 or 8, and so on). When the class is
brought to a multiple of 2, 4, 8 or 16 the drawings
proceed regularly to the final pull.
14. The winner of the final pull receives first prize,
the loser receives the second prize, and the two teams
which were defeated by the teams winning the first and
second prizes in the previous round of pulls, shall again
pull to determine the winner of the third and fourth
prizes.
15. In all drawings where the numbers 1,2, 3, 4, etc.,
are drawn, number 1 competes with number 2; 3 with 4,
and so on.
SPECIAL EVENTS.
RULE LIIL
POTATO RACE.
1. Upon the starting line there shall be placed for
each competitor one receptacle not more than two feet
in height, and having an opening not more than 3G
inches in circumference. Upon a straight line drawn
from said receptacle at right angles to the starting line
shall be placed, at distances of two yards apart, eight
light objects, ovoid in shape, having the greatest diam-
eter not to exceed four inches and the smallest diameter
not less than two inches. The first.of said objects shall
be placed two yards from the receptacle.
Each competitor mu.st pick up each of said objects
singly and place the same in his own receptacle and
after having picked up one of said objects he must
deposit it in the receptacle before picking up another.
After all the objects are placed in the receptacle the
competitor must cross the finish line, which shall be
five yards behind the receptacle.
In handicap competitions, the marks shall be given
from behind the starting line.
THREE-LEGGED RACE.
2. Two
competitors standing beside each other shall
have their inside legs strapped together just above the
ankles and also above the knees with strong canvas
or leather straps.
SACK RACE.
Competitors must be in and covered by a strong
3.
sack extending up to and tied around the neck. Hands
must be inside. The sack must measure thi'ee feet
wide by five feet in length.
RUNNING HIGH JUMP FROM SPRINGBOARD.
4. The highest point of the springboard shall not be
more than 20 inches from the floor. In all other respects

the rules governing the Running High Jump shall apply.
RUNNING HIGH PIVE.

5. The competitor shall spring from the floor, pass
head foremost over the cross-bar. He may land on the
floor or mat. He cannot be caught by an assistant.
In all other respects the rules governing the Running
High Jump shall apply.
RUNNING HIGH DIVE FROM SPRINGBOARD.

6. The springboard shall be as specified under
Running High Jump from springboard. In all other
respects the rules governing the Running High Dive
shall apply.
RUNNING LONG DIVE.
7. The competitor, in alighting shallstrike his hands
and shall then do a forward roll. In all other respects
first,
the rules governing the Running Broad Jump shall apply.
FENCE VAULT.
8. Amattress shall be suspended from the bar. The
competitor shall stand on the floor. His hands must be
on the bar when the spring is made. In making the
spring, his feet shall leave the floor but once. There
must be no stop in the motion of the trunk until the
floor is reached. No part of the person may touch the
suspended mattress. No part of the person, excepting
the hands, shall touch the bar. The head must not be
carried below the lower surface of the bar. In all other
respects the rules governing the Running High Jump
shall apply.
RUNNING HIGH KICK.
9. The competitor must spring from the floor and his
foot must kick the tambourine. In all other respects
the rules governing the Running High Jump shall apply.
DOUBLE KICK.
10. Should be done the same as the High Kick, ex-
cepting that both feet must touch the tambourine at the
same time. There shall be no assistance in alighting.
In all other respects the rules governing the Running
High Jump shall apply.
RUNNING HITCH AND KICK.

11. The competitor must spring from the floor and
kick the tambourine with the same foot from which the
spring is made. He must alight upon the same foot,
and m.ake at least two complete hops before touching
anything with any other part of his person. In all
other respects the rules governing the Running High
Jump shall apply.
RULE LIV.
SWIMMING.
1. Officials shall consist of one Referee, three Judges
at the Finish, three Timekeepers, one Starter, one Clerk
of the Course with assistants, if necessary.
2. Duties and powers of these officials shall be the
same as is prescribed for them in the foregoing rules.
3. In the 50 yards and 100 yards swimming races
each competitor shall stand with one or both feet on
the starting line, and when the signal is given shall
plunge. Stepping back, either before or after the signal,
will not be allowed.
4. The start for longer races shall be the same as the
100 yards, except that competitors may start in the
water (tread- water start) from an imaginary line.
5. Each competitor shall keep a straight course,
parallel with the courses of the other competitors, from
the starting station to the opposite point in the finish line.
Any competitor who, when out of his own water, shall
touch another competitor, is liable to disqualification
from that event, subject to the discretion of the Referee.
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRAUY. 89
The following number of competitors shall be allowed

to swimin one heat: In an unobstructed, clear space
from 15 to 20 feet, 3 men shall be allowed to start; from
20 to 25 feet, 4 men; from 25 to 30 feet, 5 men; from 30
to 35 feet, 6 men; from 35 to 40 feet, 7 men.
The Referee must see that this Rule shall be strictly
enforced.
6. Each competitor shall have finished the race when
any part of his person reaches the finish hne.
7. In all handicap competitions a check starter shall
be appointed, whose duty it shall be to see that no com-
petitor starts before his proper time. He shall report
any violation of this rule to the Referee, who shall
disqualify such competitor, should his finish affect the
result of the race.
8. Back Stroke. The competitors shall line up in
the water, facing the starting end, with both hands
resting on the end or rail of the bath. At the word
"Go," the competitors shall push off on their backs and
commence and continue swimming upon their backs
throughout the race. At each end of the bath, in turn-
ing, competitors shall place both hands on the end or
rail of the bath before pushing off, as at the commence-
ment of the race. The Referee shall have absolute
discretion to disqualify any competitor under this clause.
9. Breast Stroke. At the word "Go," or pistol shot,
the competitors shall dive and swim on the breast.
Both hands must be pushed forward and brought back-
ward simultaneously. The body must be kept perfectly
on the breast, and both shoulders on line with the sur-
face of the water. When touching at the turn or finish-
ing a race the touch shall be made with both hands
simultaneously. Any competitor introducing or using
a side stroke movement during the race to be disqualified.
The Referee shall have absolute discretion to disqualify
any competitor under this clause.
10. Regulations for diving competitions.
a. The measurements, construction and fixing of all

diving boards shall be subject to the approval of the
h. Any club holding diving championships, not being
able to comply with the regulations herein specified,
shall submit such changes as may be found necessary
to the National Championship Committee for approval.
c. Instruction to Judges. In making awards for
points for each dive the judges shall have regard to the
character of the respective dive to be performed, and
shall take into consideration: The manner of the dive
(proper carriage, confidence and form), the force and
speed of the dive, the entrance into the water and how
the run or take-ofT is performed. When judging the
carriage the individuality of the diver should be taken
into consideration. The bearing in the air should be
natural, easy, supple and graceful. When performing
plain head dives, the head should be erect, back hollowed,
legs closed with feet turned back, arms supple and fingers
closed. The start should be made gracefully, with con-
fidence and in a bold manner; in running dives the force
and energy imparted should be considered. The en-
trance into the water should be made without splashing
and with good carriage of the body.
d. For each dive each judge shall award points ac-
cording to the following scale:
Points.
Unsuccessful attempt
Bad dive 3
Fair dive 6
Good dive 8
Excellent dive 10
The judges may mark points and half points between

those mentioned in the above scale, but 10 shall be the
highest possible that can be awarded by any judge.
An unsuccessful attempt is one in which the com-
petitor has failed to perform the dive nominated.
In all jackknife dives the competitor should enter the
water within six feet from the take-off.
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBEART. 91
Allhead dives with arms by sides are ruled out.

Swallow and all other forms of straight front dives
are to be considered as plain front dives.
In all somersaults or jackknife dives with twists,
the somersaults or jackknives must be completed before
twisting.
e. Under observation of the foregoing conditions and
instructions in making their respective awards each
judge shall:
a. Write down his points for each dive performed by
each competitor according to the scale of points
named in paragraph d.
b. The points awarded by him for each voluntary
dive shall be multiplied by the points allowed for
the degree of difficulty in each case as specified
in the following diving tables.
c. After the total of points for each competitor has
been found and checked as being correct, each
judge shall place the competitors in the order in
which .they finish on his diving card. He shall
give 1, to the diver scoring the greatest number
of points; 2, to the diver scoring the second greatest
number of points, etc. If two competitors score
the same number of points their place numbers
shall be added and each given one-half. For in-
stance, if two competitors receive the same num-
ber of points, which is the second largest on the
diving card of a judge, their place numbers 2 and 3
shall be added, and each competitor shall receive
23/2, and the next following competitor shall re-
ceive the number 4. The place numbers given
to the respective competitors by each of the judges
shall be added together and the competitor showing
the lowest total of place numbers shall be declared
the winner. In case of a tie the point totals of all
the judges shall be added together and the competi-
.
tor whose total of points is greatest shall be the

winner of the tie.
A list of voluntary dives shall be submitted by each

competitor to the judges in writing before the beginning
of the competition. Changes in the list of voluntary
dives are not permitted. No competitor shall be per-
mitted to repeat any of his dives.
The Referee must ascertain before the beginning of a
competition that the depth of the water is sufficient to
insure the safety of the competitors.
Competitions or exhibitions of diving from a greater
height than 34 feet are prohibited.
The conditions of a diving competition, namely,
height of board, number of voluntary and compulsory
dives, and the character of the latter, must be stated
in entry blanks.
/. Fancy Diving from the Springboard. The board
shall have a length of 13 feet and shall be 20 inches wide
and shall be of the usual elastic character.
In championship meetings the height of the board
from the surface of the water shall be not less than 9
feet G inches, nor more than 11 feet.
The program for championships shall consist of the
following dives: Running front dive, back dive, running
forward jackknife, back jackknife and six voluntary
dives selected from the following table:
standing. Running.
— Backward spring and forward dive
1 twist) ...
(lialf 1.4
— Backward spring and baclcward dive
2 twist)
(full 2.0
3 — Forward spring with half twist and backward dive. 1.5 1.6
4 — Forward spring with and forward dive
full tv/ist 1.8 1.8
5 — Forward somersault
. .
1.5 1.5
6 — Forward 1 somersault
2 1.6 1.6
7 — Backward somersault
3
1.5
1 J-^ 2.2
9 — Forward double somersault 1.9 1.9
10 — Backward double somersault 1.9 1.9
11 — Backward spring and forward somersault 1.7
12 — Backward spring and forward somersault. ...
1 J^ 2.0
13 — Forward somersault with half twist 1.6 1.6
..
Standing. Running.
1 4-rForward 1 M somersault with half twist 2.2 2.2
15 — Forward 2)4 somersault 2.3 2.3
16 —Flying Dutchman (forward spring with backward
dive) 1.8 1.9
17 — Flying Dutchman somersault (forward spring with
backward somersault) 1.7 1.7
18 — Flying Dutchman 1 J^ somersault 2.4 2.4
19 — Flying Dutchman with half twist
20 — Handstand dive
1.7 1.7
1.4
21 — Handstand dive with somersault 1.7
22 — Handspring dive with somersault 1.6 1.6
23—Jackknifo forward 1.5 1.5
24 — Jackknif e backward 1.5
25 —Jackknife forward with half twist and back dive. 1.8 1.9
26 —Jackknife forward with twist and forward dive
full 2.2 2.2
27 — ^Jackknife backward with half twist and forward
dive 1.9
28 —^Jackknife backward with full twist and backward
dive 2.3
29—Backward dive 1.5
In competitions where a lower board is used, the board

shall be not less than 2 feet 6 inches or more than 4 feet
from the surface of the water and the voluntary dives
shall be selected from the following table:
standing. Running.
—Backward spring and forward dive
1 twist) (half 1.4
—Backward spring and backward dive
.
2 twist) (full 1.9

3 — Forward spring and backward dive twist) (half 1.5 1.6
4 — Forward spring and forward dive
. .
twist) .... (full 1.8 1.8

5 — Forward somersault 1.5 1.5
6 — Forward somersault
1 î 1.8 1.7
7 — Forward double somersault 2.2' 1.9
8 — Backward somersault 1.5
1 2 2.2
10 — Backward double somersault
'
2.2
1 1— Backward spring and forward somersault
12 — Flying Dutchman (forward spring and backward
19
dive) 1.7 1.8
13 — Flying Dutchman somersault (forward spring and
backward somersault) 18 1.8
14 — Handstand 1.2
15 —Jackknifo forward 1.4 1.6
16 — backward
^Jaclcknifo 1.6
17 — Jackknifo forward and half twist 1.8 1.9
18—Jackknife forward and twist full 2.2 2.2
19 —^Jackknife backward and half twist 19
20—Jackknife backward and twist full 2.2
21 — Backward dive 15
4 —
94 SPALDING'S ATHLETIO LIBRARY.
g. High Diving from a Firm Take-off. For high

diving competitions from a firm take-off the platforms
shall be 7 feet wide, fixed, free from spring and placed
at two heights, the first not less than 14 feet and not more
than 16 feet and the second not less than 24 feet and
not more than 27 feet above the surface of the water.
The program for championships shall consist of two
compulsory dives from the lower platform, namely,
one plain back dive and one backward somersault; and
two from the high platform, one running plain dive and
one standing plain dive, and six voluntary dives, to be
performed from the high platform and to be selected from
the following table:
standing. Running.
1 —Baclrward spring and forward dive with half twist. 1
2 —Forward spring and bacliward dive with half twist. 1.6
.
1.7
3— Forward spring and forward dive with full twist 1.9 1.9
4 — Backward spring and backward dive with
. .
full twist. 2.1

5 — Armstand 1.6
6 — Armstand and somersault 1,5
7—Armstand backward dive fall 2.1
8 — Armstand with double somersault 2.2
9 —Backward dive 2.1
10 — Backward somersault 1.7
11 — Forward somersault 2.1 2.1
12 — Forward 1 li somersault 1.9 1.9
13 — Forward double somersault 2.2 2.2
14— Forward 2 somersault
J^ 2.3 2.3
15 — BackwaM 1 somersault
1-2 2.4
16 — Backward double somersault 2.1
17 — Forward somersault with half twist 2.1 2.1
18 — Forward H somersault with half twist
1 2.2 2.2
19—Backward spring and forward somersault 1.8
20 —Backward spring and forward H somersault 1 2.0
21—Flying Dutchman 2.1 2.2
22 — Flying Dutchman somersault 1.9 1.9
23 — Flying Dutchman J^ somersault
1 2.5 2.5
24 — Flying Dutchman double somersault 2.3 2.3
25 — Flying Dutclmian with half twist 1.8 1.8
26 —Jackknife forward 1.4 1.4
27 —Jackknife backward 1.4
28 — Jackknife forward with half twist 1.9 1.9
29 —^Jackknif e forward with twistfull 2.1 2.1
30 —Jackknife backward with half twist 2.0
'31—Jackknife backward with twist full 2.2 —
—
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBKARY,
11. 'Plunge for Distance. The maximum height of

take-off for the plunge for distance shall be limited to
eighteen inches above the surface of the water.
A plunge shall be a standing dive, made head first
from an indicated firm take-off (i. e., diving base),
free from spring. The body is to be kept motionless
face downward — and no progressive action to be im-
parted to it other than impetus of the dive.
The plunge shall terminate, if the competitor has not
already raised his face above the surface of the water,
at the expiration of GO seconds, or such time as may have
been previously announced by the promoting body. The
duration of such plunge shall be reckoned from the time
the competitor dives from the take-off.
At the finish of any plunge the competitor must leave
the water as quietly as possible. Anyone disturbing
the water so as to interfere with the progress of the
competitor following will be disquahfied.
The distance traversed in a plunge shall be measured
along a straight line, at right angles to the diving base,
to a fine parallel to the diving base, over the farthest
point reached by any portion of the competitor's body
while fulfilling the above conditions.
In championship or level contests each competitor
Shall be allowed three plunges, and the farthest plunge
shall win. In hanchcaps, the number of plunges shall
be left to the discretion of the promoting club.
When a competitor touches the side of the tank or
pool, his distance shall be taken and he shall be compelled
to stop.
A line may be made or painted along the bottom of
the pool or tank to enable the competitors to guide them-
selves.
12. Miscellaneous. A competitor in turning must
touch the end of the bath or course with one or both
hands before kicking off.
Standing upon the bottom in the shallow end of a
% SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRAEY.
bath during a competition is only allowed for the pur-

pose of resting. Walking or jumping from the bottom
in the shallow end of a bath shall not be allowed.
The competitor in a handicap race who has the lowest
handicap shall have the choice of position.
Where two men are on the same mark they shall draw
for choice of position.
In case of a dead heat in a handicap the competitor
with the lowest handicap shall be declared the winner.
Where a dead heat occurs between two men on the same
mark the tie shall be decided by a swim-off on the same
day, or the one refusing to swim shall be given the next
lowest prize.
Choice of position shall be drawn for in races other than
handicaps.
When a trophy or prize is given to a club scoring the
greatest number of points in a meeting, the points shall
be counted as follows:
Points.
First in swim, plunge or dive 5
Second in swim, plunge or dive 3
Third in swim, plunge or dive 1
First in relay race 10
Second in relay race 6
Third in relay race 2
First in water polo 15
Second in water polo , 9
Third in water polo 3
HOW TO SCORE A DIVING COMPETITION.

SUGGESTIONS FOR SCORE CARDS.
Blanks for voluntary dives to be supplied by the club
holding the competition. After filling them out and
signing them, competitors deliver them to the clerk of
the course. The announcer announces each voluntary
dive from these blanks when the respective competitor's
turn comes, and the diving judges must see that the
dive nominated shall be performed. After the competi-
tion these blanks are turned over to the diving scorers.
SPAUJING'S ATHLETIC LIBKART.
VOLUNTARY DIVES.
SPAI^DING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY.
VOLUNTARY DIVES.
SCORE CARD AS FILLED OUT BY DIVING SCORERS

The second column to be used for grade of difficulty for voluntary dives
to be left blank for compulsory dives. Last colmnn to be used for result
of multiplication for voluntary dives, and on line of last compulsory dive
the total for all compulsory dives to bo extended.
Name
WATER POLO.
1. —
Field of Play. The distance between the goals shall not
exceed 30 yards or be less than 19 yards the width shall not be
;
more than 20 yards and shall -be of even width throughout the
field of play. The two yard and four yard penalty lines and the
half distance shall be clearly marked on both sides of the field of
play.
2. Depth. —The water shall not be shallower than 3 feet.
3. Goals. — Goal posts shall be fixed each end ofat the field
of play. These must be at least one foot from the end of the
bath or from any obstruction. The width between the posts to
be 10 feet, and the cross-bar to be 3 feet above the surface when
the water is 5 feet or over in depth when the water is less than
;
5 feet in depth, the cross-bar to be 8 feet from the bottom. Nets

must be attached to the goal posts in such a way as to close
the whole goal area, and hang below the surface of the water.
The back of the net must be at least one foot behind the goal
line and hung from the height of the cross-bar. Goal posts and
nets must be provided by the home team.
4. The Ball. —The ball leather-covered and must
shall be
be round and fully inflated, and
measure not less than 27
shall
inches and not more than 28 inches in circumference. It shall be
waterproof, with no strapped seams outside and no grease or
other objectionable substance on the surface. The ball must be
furnished by the home team.
5. Cxips and Flags. —
One team shall wear white caps and the
other team dark blue caps. Both goalkeepers shall wear red
caps with quarterings of his own side's colors. A red flag and
a white flag shall be provided for each goal scorer, and a dark
blue and a white flag for the referee. The whole of the above
to be provided by the home team.
6. —The
Officials. shall consist of a referee,
officials a time-
keeper, and two goalscorers.
7. Referee. — The duties of the referee shall be
(a) to start the game.
(b) to stop all unfair play.
(c) to decide all cases of dispute.
(d) to declare fouls and generally see that these rules are
carried out.
(e) to decide upon all goals, corner throws and goal
throws, whether signified by the goal-scorer or not.
(/) goals, fouls, and other stoppages of the game shall be
signified by whistle
The Referee's decision on questions of fact is final, and in all

cases must be carried out during the game.
Note. —A Referee may alter his decision providing such altera-
tion be notified before the ball is again in play. A
Referee has
power to stop play at any period of the game, if in his opinion
the behavior of the players or spectators or other exceptional
circumstances prevent the match from coming to a proper con-
clusion.
8. —
Goal Scorers. The goal scorers, having tossed for choice
of ends, shall stand at the side and in a line with the front of
each goal, and when they consider that the entire ball has passed
through the goal posts, or over the goal line, at their respective
ends, only, they shall signify the same to the Referee, a red flag,
denoting a corner; a white flag denoting a goal throw; and both
flags to denote a goal. The goal scorers shall not change ends,
and shall keep the score of goals of each team at their respective
ends.
9. —
Timekeeper. The timekeeper nnist be provided with an
ordinary stop watch and a whistle, which must be provided by the
home team. He shall notify half-time and time by whistle, and
the signal shall take immediate effect.
10. —
Time. The duration of a match shall be 14 minutes, seven
minutes each way. Three minutes shall be allowed at half-time
for change of ends. When the ball crosses the goal line, whether
it be a goal, corner throw or goal throw, it shall be dead until
the restart of the game, or until it leaves the hand of the player
taking the throw, and all such time shall be deducted. Time
occupied by disputes or fouls, or when the ball is thrown from
the field of play, or lodges on an obstruction, as per Rule 21,
shall not be reckoned as in the time of play.
11. —
Teams. Each side shall consist of seven players,, who
shall wear drawers, or costumes, with drawers underneath the
costumes. In baths no oil or grease or other objectionable sub-
stance shall be rubbed on the body.
12. —
Captains. The captains shall be playing members of the
teams they represent, they shall agree upon all preliminaries, and
shall toss for choice of ends; the loser of the toss shall have
choice of colors. If they are unable to agree upon any point, the
Referee shall decide it for them.
13. Starting. —
The players shall enter the water and place
themselves a line with their respective goals.
in The Referee
shall stand in a line with the centre of the course, and having
ascertained that the captains are ready, shall give the word
"GO," and immediately throw or release the ball into the water
lOa SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBEARX.
at the centre of the field of play. From the start or restart a

goal cannot be scored until the ball has been handled, viz., played
with the hand below the wrist, either by two members of one
team, in which case the scorer shall be within half distance of
the goal attacked, or by a player of each team. An attempt on
the part of the goalkeeper to stop the ball when it has been
handled by the players of one team only, and shot from over half
distance shall not constitute handling, and should the ball cross
the goal line, a goal throw shall be awarded.
14. Scoring. —Agoal shall be scored by the entire ball passing
beyond the goal posts, and under the cross-bar. If, on the notifi-
cation of half-time or time, the ball be not fully through the
goal posts, no goal shall be allowed.
A
goal may be scored by the head or feet, provided the ball
has been previously handled by two players, as provided for in
Rules 13 and 17.
15. Ordinary Fouls. — It shall be a foul

(c) to touch the ball with both hands at the same time.
(b) to hold the goal posts, rail or side, during any part of
the game.
(c) to walk about the- bath.
(d) to stand on or touch the bottom during any part of
the game, unless for the purpose of resting.
(e) to interfere with an opponent or impede him in any
way, unless he is holding the ball.
(/) to hold the ball under water when tackled.
(9) to jump from the bottom or push from the side
—
except at starting or restarting in order to play the
ball or duck an opponent.
(h) to hold, pull back, or push off from an opponent.
(iy to turn on the back and kick at an opponent.
(7) to assist a player at the start or restart of the game,
or for any player to push off from any part of the
goal posts.
(k) for the goalkeeper to go more than 4 yards from his
own goal line, or to take a goal throw improperly.
(Rule 20.)
(/) to throw the ball at the goalkeeper or to an attackmg
player within two yards of goal, from a free throw.
(Rule 20.)
(tn) to refuse to play the ball at the command of the
Referee after a foul or after the ball has been thrown
from the field of play.
(m) to touch the ball before it has reached the water,
when thrown in by the Referee. See Rules 17 and 21.
:
Note. — Clause E. — Dribbling or striking the ball is not "hold-

ing," but lifting, carrying, pressing under water, or placing the
hand under or over the ball when actually touching, is holding.
Dribbling the ball up and through the posts is permissible.
i6. IVilful Fouls. — If, in the opinion of the Referee, a player
— —
commits an ordinary foul Rule 15 wilfully, or one of the fol-
lowing specified offenses, the Referee shall at once order him out
of the water until a goal has been scored.
It shall be considered a wilful foul
(a) to start before the word "GO."
(b) to deliberately waste time.
(c) for a player to take up a position within two yards of
his opponent's goal-line.
(d) to deliberately change position after the Referee has
blown the whistle to stop the game and until the ball
is again in play.
(e) to deliberately splash in the face of an opponent.
(/) to strike at the ball with the clenched fist.
Any player ordered out of the water for misconduct or for
a wilful foul, shall not re-enter until a goal has been scored,
notwithstanding that half-time may intervene, or extra time be
played, and then only with the consent of the Referee.
—
Note. In the event of a Referee ordering a player out of the
water and such player refusing, the game shall be stopped, the
match awarded to the other side, and the offending player
reported to the body governing the competition.
17- —
Fiee Throws. The penalty for each foul shall be a free
throw to the opposing side from the place where the foul
occurred. The Referee shall declare a foul by blowing a whistle
and exhibiting the color of the side to which the free throw is
awarded. The player nearest to where the foul occurred shall
take the throw. The other players shall remain in their respective
positions from the blowing of the whistle until the ball has left
the hand of the player taking the throw. A free throw shall be
such as, in the opinion of the Referee, allows all players to see
when the ball leaves the hand of the thrower. In the event of
illness or accident or of one or more players from each team
committing a ftnil so nearly at the same moment as to make it
impossible for the Referee to distinguish who offended first, he
shall have the ball out of the water and throw it in as nearly as
possible at the place where the foul occurred, in such a manner
that one member of each team may have equal chance of playing
the ball. In such cases the ball must be allowed to touch the
water before it is handled. In all cases where a free throw is
104 SPAI^DING'S ATHLETIC MBRARY,
allowed under this Rule and Rules
15, 16, 19, 20 and 21, the ball
must be handled, i. e., played with the hand below the wrist, by
more than one player before a goal can be scored.
18. —
Penalty Throzv. A player wilfully fouled when within
four yards of his opponent's goal line, shall be awarded a pen-
alty throw, and the player who commits the offense must be
ordered out of the water until a goal has been scored. The
player to whom a penalty throw is awarded shall proceed to
any point on the four yard line and await the signal of the
Referee by whistle.
In the case of a penalty throw, it shall not be necessary for
the ball to be handled by any other player before a goal can be
scored, but any player within the four yard line may interrupt
a penalty throw.
ig. —
Goalkeeper. The goalkeeper may stand to defend his goal,
but he must not throw the ball beyond half-distance; the penalty
for so doing shall be a free throw to the opposing side from half-
distance at either side of the field of play. The goalkeeper must
keep within 4 yards of his own goal line or concede a free throw
from the 4-yard line to his nearest opponent. The goalkeeper
is exempt from Clauses A, C, D and G, in Rule 15, and Clause F,
in Rule 16, but he may be treated as any other player when in pos-
session of the ball. Except when injury or illness compels him to
— —
leave the water when Rule 22 shall apply the goalkeeper can
only be changed at half-time. In the event of a goalkeeper being
ordered out of the water, his side cannot appoint another goal-
keeper except at half-time, as defined above, and any player
defending the goal in his place shall not come under the special
limitations and exceptions attached to a goalkeeper.
—
Goal and Corner Throws. A player throwing the ball over
20.
his own
goal line shall concede a free corner throw to his
opponents, and such free corner throw shall be taken from the
2-yard line at the side of the bath, by the player on the oppos-
ing side nearest the point where the ball leaves the field of play.
If attacking side throws the ball over, it shall be a free goal
throw to their opponents' goalkeeper, who must pass the ball to
another player or beyond the 2-yard line. The whistle must be
blown immediately the ball crosses the goal line, and from that
time until the ball leaves the hand of the player taking the free
throw, all players must remain in their respective positions.
—
Note. If a goalkeeper puts the ball in play by free throw, and,
before any other player has handled, regains possession, and
allows it to pass fully through his goal, a corner throw shall be
awarded to the opposing side.
21. Out ofPlay.— Should a player send the ball out of the
field of play at either side, it shall be thrown in any direction
from where it went out by one of the opposing side, and shall be
considered a free throw. The player nearest the point where the
ball leaves the field of play must take the throw. Should the
ball strike or lodge in an overhead obstruction, it shall be con-
sidered out of play, and the Referee shall then stop the game
and throw the ball into the water under the said obstruction. The
ball must be allowed to touch the water before it is handled, and
must be handled by more than one player before a goal can be
scored.
22. —
Leaving the Water. A player leaving the water or sitting
or standing on the steps or sitting on the side of the bath in
which the match is being played, during the progress of the game,
except in case of illness or accident or by permission of the
Referee, shall not re-enter the water until a goal has been scored,
or until half-time. Any player having left the water must have
the permission of the Referee before re-entering, and he may
only re-enter at his own goal line. A player leaving the water
during the progress of the game, without the permission of the
Referee, or refusing to re-enter the water at the request of the
Referee, shall be deemed guilty of misconduct, and be liable to
suspension by the body governing the particular match in which
he is competing.
BOXING. .
Section i. In all boxing competitions the ring shall not be

lessthan i6 feet nor more than 24 feet square, and shall be
formed of posts and ropes, the latter extending in triple lines
2, 3 and 4 feet from the floor of the ring. The floor of the ring
shall extend beyond the lower rope for a distance of not less
than 2 feet. Posts must be properly padded and padding on floor
shall be not less than ^
inch in thickness.
Sec. Competitors must box in regulation athletic trunks
2.
reaching to the knee, in shoes without spikes, or in socks, and
use boxing gloves not less than five ounces in weight.
Sec. 3. Classes to be: 108 lbs. and under; 115 lbs. and under;
125 lbs. and under; 135 lbs. and under; 145 lbs. and under; 158
lbs. and under; 175 lbs. and under; and over 175 lbs.
Sec. 4. Any athlete who weighs in and then fails to compete

without an excuse satisfactory to the Registration Committee
shall be suspended for a period of six months. Competitors shall
weigh in within three hours of a contest. Weighing in shall
cease in each class when the drawing for bouts in that class
commences. Competitors shall sign their names to a weighing
list upon weighing in and whenever demanded by the Referee.
Sec.
5. The Boxing Committee of each Association of the
Amateur Athletic Union shall prepare an official list of compe-
tent boxing officials to serve as Referees, Judges, Weighers,
Timers, Announcers, and Clerks of Boxing. All tournaments
must be conducted by officials selected from this official list.
Sec. 6. In all competitions the number of rounds to be con-
tested shall be three. The duration of rounds shall be limited
to three minutes each. The interval between each round shall be
one minute. The Referee may order one additional round as
provided in Section 10.
Sec. 7. A
competitor failing to immediately respond to the call
of "Time" beginning of any round shall be disqualified
at the
by the Referee and the bout awarded to his opponent.
Sec. 8. Immediately before the contest competitors who have
weighed in shall draw numbers to determine the bouts they take
part in. The drawing to be as follows. Have the first prelim-
inary round to reduce the number of competitors, to 2, 4, 8, 16,
and so on. (Thus if there are three competitors, have one pre-
liminary bout to reduce to two; if five, have one bout to reduce
to four; if six,have two bouts to reduce to four; if seven, have
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY, 107
three bouts to reduce to four; if nine, have one bout to reduce to

eight; if ten, have two bouts to reduce to eight; if eleven, have
three bouts to reduce to eight, and so on.) In all drawings where
numbers i, 2, 3, 4 and so on are drawn, number i competes with
number 2, 3 with 4, and so on. When the class is brought to a
multiple of 2, 4, 8 or 16, the drawing proceeds regularly to the
final bout. The winner of this final bout receives first prize and
the loser receives second prize.
Sfx. 9. Each competitor shall be entitled to the assistance of
two seconds only, and no advice or coaching shall be given to
any competitor by either of his seconds, or by any other person
during the progress of any round. For a violation of this section
the Referee may disqualify the competitor who is so advised or
coached.
Sec. 10. The manner of judging shall be as follows: There
shall be two Judges, stationed on opposite sides of the ring and
a Referee in the ring. At the end of the bout each Judge shall
write the name of the competitor who in his opinion has won and
shall hand same to the Announcer. In case the Judges agree the
name of the winner is announced, but in case the Judges disagree
the announcer shall so inform the Referee, who shall thereupon
himself decide. If the Referee is in doubt he can order a further
round limited to two minutes. If the Judges then fail to agree
the Referee must decide in favor of one of the contestants.
Sec. II. The Referee shall have power to caution or disqualify
a competitor for any infringement of rules, and to end the round
in the event of either man being knocked down. If such knock-
down in his opinion shall incapacitate the competitor from con-
tinuing, the Referee must stop the bout and announce the winner.
Sec. 12. The decision of the Judges or the Referee, as the case
may. be, shall be final.
Sec. 13. In all competitions the decision shall be made in favor

of the competitor who displays the best style and obtains the
greatest number of points. The points shall be: For attack;
direct clean hits with the knuckles of either hand, on any part
of the front or sides of the head or body above the belt. For
defense: guarding, slipping, ducking, counter-hitting or getting
away. Where points are otherwise equal, consideration to be
given to the man who does the most leading off.
Sec. 14. The Referee may disqualify a competitor who is
boxing unfairly, by kicking, gouging, or hitting with the open
glove, hitting with the inside or butt of the hand, the wrist or
elbow, hitting or catching hold below the waist, hitting when
down (one knee and one hand or both knees on the floor).
108 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRAIIT.
butting with the head or shoulder, wrestling or roughing at the

ropes, using offensive and scurrilous language, or not obeying the
orders of the Referee.
Sec. is. Any athlete who competes in a boxing contest of
longer duration than provided for in these rules shall be sus-
pended for such period as the Registration Committee shall
decide.
Sec. i6. Soft cotton bandages only shall be used and these
shall be confined to three or four thicknesses for the protection
of the hands and wrists ; hard bandages or substances of any
kind being prohibited. Bandages are subject to approval of the
Referee.
Sec. 17. In the event of any questions arising not provided
for in these rules, the Referee shall have full power to decide
such questions and also to interpret the rules.
WRESTLI NG.
CATCH-AS-CATCH-CAN.
Section i. In all wrestling competitions the ring shall not be
less than i6 feet nor more than 24 feet square, and shall be
formed of posts and ropes, the latter extending in triple lines, 2,
3 and 4 feet from the floor of the ring. The floor of the ring
shall extend beyond the lower rope for a distance of not less
than 2 feet. Posts must be properly padded and padding on floor
shall be not less than one-half inch in thickness.
Sec. 2. Competitors must wrestle in regulation trunks and may
wear light slippers or rubbers without heels.
Sec. 3. Classes to be: 108 lbs. and under; 115 lbs. and under;
125 lbs. and under; 135 lbs. and under; 145 lbs. and under; 158
lbs. and under; 175 lbs. and under; and over 175 lbs.
Sec. 4, Any athlete who weighs in and then fails to compete

without an excuse satisfactory to the Registration Committee
shall be suspended for a period of six months. Competitors shall
weigh in within three hours of a contest. Weighing in shall
cease 'in each class when the drawing for bouts in that class
commences. Competitors shall sign their names to a weighing
list upon weighing in and whenever demanded by the Referee.
Sec. 5. The Wrestling Committee of each Association of the

Amateur Athletic Union shall prepare an official list of compe-
tent wrestling officials to serve as Referees, Weighers, Timers,
Announcers, and Clerks of Wrestling. All tournaments must be
conducted by officials selected from this official list.
Sec. 6. A fall shall terminate the bout and in no case shall the
duration of a preliminary bout exceed 10 minutes. A fall shall
terminate the final bout which in no case shall exceed 15 minutes.
If no fall has been obtained by either contestant at the termination
of the bout, the Referee must award the bout to the competitor
who shows the best qualities, or who has acted mostly upon the
aggressive.
Sec. 7. Both shoulders shall be pinned on the floor at the same
time to constitute a fall. Any hold, grip, lock or trip allowed
except the hammer-lock, strangle, full Nelson and toe holds.
Striking, kicking, gouging, hair pulling, butting, strangling, or
anything that endangers life or limb will not be allowed.
Sec. 8. Immediately before the contest, competitors who have
weighed in shall draw numbers to determine the bouts they take
part in. The drawing to be as follows Have the first pre-

:
liminary round to reduce the number of competitors to 2, 4, 8, 16,

and so on. {Thus, if there are three competitors, have one pre-
liminary bout to reduce to two. If five, have one bout to reduce
to four; if six, have tzvo bouts to reduce to four; if seven, have
three bouts to reduce to four; if nine, have one bout to reduce to
eight; if ten, have two bouts to reduce to eight; if eleven, have
three bouts to reduce to eight, and so on.) In all drawings where
numbers i, 2, 3, 4 and so on are drawn, number i competes with
number 2; 3 with 4, and so on. When the class is brought to a
multiple of 2, 4, 8 or 16, the drawing proceeds regularly to the
final bout. The winner of this final bout receives first prize and
the loser receives second prize.
Sec 9. Each competitor shall be entitled to the assistance of
.
two seconds only, and no advice or coaching shall be given to any

competitor by either of his seconds, or by any other person dur-
ing the progress of any bout. For a violation of this section, the
Referee may disqualify the competitor who is so advised or
coached.
Sec. 10. If a competitor refuses to break any hold when so
ordered by the Referee, he may be disqualified by the Referee.
Sec. II. The Referee shall have full control of the competition
and his decision shall be final and without appeal.
Sec. 12. No bandages of any kind shall be used on hands, arms
or head.
Sec. 13. Any athlete who competes in a wrestling contest of
longer duration than provided for in these rules shall be sus-
pended for such period as the Registration Committee shall
decide.
Sec. 14. In the event of any question arising not provided for
in these rules, the Referee shall have full power to decide such
question and also interpret these rules.
:
GYM N ASTIC
Flying Rings^ Horizontal Bar, Side Horse, Parallel Bars,
Long Horse, Tumbling.
1. The competition shall be conducted by a Referee and a jury
composed of three Judges, whose decision shall be final and
without appeal. The Judges must place themselves apart from
each other, and ^ far as practicable, on opposite sides of the
competitors, in order to observe the general form.
2. The competitors shall draw lots and then perform in
rotation.
3. Each competitor shall perform three exercises of his own
selection or combination.
4. Except in case of accident to the apparatus, no second trials
shall be allowed.
5. The Judges mark, each for himself, in a ratio to ten
shall
points for a perfect performance, taking into consideration: First,
The difficulty of the exercise Second, The beauty of the com-
;
bination and its execution Third, The general form of the com-
;
petitor. The basis for marking shall be as follows

To count a possible
Approach I
Combination (difficulty, etc.) 4
Execution ( form) 4
Finish or Ending I
10
on regularly ruled and official score sheets.
6. The winner of the competition shall be the one having ob-
tained the highest aggregate number of points; next highest,
second, and so on. In event of a tie for any place, the Referee
shall order the competitors so tied to perform one additional
exercise, to be selected by the competitors, with the same Judges
officiating.
7. Each competitoir's combinations on the Side Horse, Flying

Rings, Parallel Bars and Horizontal Bars shall be judged from
the time he begins his combinatinn until he again wholly or in
part places his weight upon the mat.
S. In Tumbling, a competitor's combination shall end when he
leaves the mat.
9. In the competitioiii on the Flying Rings, the competitor must

perform at least two swinging exercises and will be allowed to
touch the mat on the last swing, if necessary, for his finish; it
being understood that any decision concerning accidental touching
or brushing the mat be left to the discretion of the Judges and
that approach and retreat be counted as heretofore.
ID. The Referee shall determine the suitability of all apparatus
used.
IX. The All- Around Championship includes competition on the
Horizontal Bars, Parallel Bars, Side Horse, Long Horse and
Flying Rings.
12. The winner of the All-Around Championship shall be the
competitor who obtains the highest aggregate number of points
next highest second, and so on. In the event of a tie for any
place, the Referee shall order the competitors so tied to perform
one additional exercise in each event, the exercise to be selected
by the competitors, with the same Judges officiating.
13. Indian Club Swinging. Clubs weighing three pounds each
shall be used and each competitor shall be allowed three minutes
for a performance. The dropping of a club shall end the exercise.
Clubs shall be furnished by the Committee.
14. Rope Climibing.
a. The rope shall not have any assisting devices, such as knots,
balls, etc.
b. The rope, measured from the floor to a tambourine or bell
fastened above, shall be as nearly twenty-five feet as the height of
the hall will allow.
c. The Start shall be by pistol shot and the time taken when the
competitor strikes the bell or tambourine.
d. Each competitor shall sit on the floor, with legs extended
in front, and shall not touch the floor with any part of his person
after the pistol shot.
e. Each competitor shall be allowed three trials.
/. The competitor making the fastest time in any of the trials

ehall win the competition next best time, second, and so on.
;
g. In the event of a tie for any place the Referee shall order
an additional trial for the competitors so tied.
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. m
SPECIFICATIONS FOR OFFICIAL
IMPLEMENTS.
THROWING THE HEAVY WEIGHT.
(56 lbs. =25.401 kilograms.)
SpeciJicatio)is of Implement.
The head molded lead, or a brass

shall be of
and spherical in shape,
shell filled with lead,
havinp: imbedded a forged steel eye bolt as
a means for attaching the handle.
The handle shall be made of round iron or Handle
steel measuring ^ inch (12.7 millimeters)
in diameter, bent in a triangular form, no
side of which shall be more than 1\ inches
(184.146 millimeters) inside measurement.
The handle shall be connected to the head Connection
by means of a welded steel link measuring
% inch (9.525 millimeters) in diameter.
The weight shall be not less than 56 pounds Weight
(25.401 kilograms) complete as thrown.
The length shall be not more than 16 inches Length
(406.39 millimeters) complete as thrown.

Specifications of Implement.
The head shall be a brass shell filled with

lead or cast gray iron and spherical in
shape.
The handle shall be a single unbroken and Handle
straight length of spring steel wire not less
than 3g inch (3.175 millimeters) in diameter,
or No. 36 piano wire, .102 inch (2.591
millimeters) in diameter. The handle may
114 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY,
be looped at one or both ends as a means

of attachment.
Grip The grip may be either of single or double
loop construction, but must be rigid and
without hinging joints of any kind.
Connections The handle shall be connected to the head
by means of a swivel which may be either
plain or ball bearing.
The grip shall be connected to the handle
by means of a loop.
A swivel may not be used.
Weight The weight shall be not less than 16 pounds
(7.257 kilograms) complete as thrown.
Jjength The length shall be not more than 4 feet
(1.219 meters) complete as thrown.
PUTTING THE SHOT.

Construction The shot shall be a brass shell filled with

lead, and spherical in shape.
Weight The shot shall weigh not less than 16 pounds
(7.257 kilograms).
THROWING THE DISCUS.

Specificationt of Implement.
Construction The discus shall be composed of a metal

rim, permanently attached to a wood body,
brass plates set flush into the sides of
the wood body and, in the exact center of
the discus, a means for securing the correct
weight. The brass plates shall be circular
in form, having a diameter of not less than
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRABT. 116
2 inches (50.799 millimeters) nor more than

2% inches (57.149 millimeters). Each side
of the discus shall be a counterpart of the
other side and shall have no indentations,
projecting points, or sharp edges. The sides
shall taper in a straight line from the be-
ginning of the curve of the rim to a line a
distance of not less than 1 inch (25.399
millimeters) from the center of the discus.
The largest dimension shall be a circle
not less than 8^'h inches (219.07 millimeters)
in diameter. The thickness through the
exact center, on a line perpendicular to the
diameter, shall be not less than 1% inches
(44.449 millimeters) The thickness at 1 inch
.
(25.399 millimeters) from the center shall

be exactly the same as at the center. The
thickness of the rim at a distance of % inch
(6.35 millimeters) from the edge shall be
not less than -^ inch (12.70 millimeters).
The edge shall be rounded on a true
circle.
The weight of the discus shall be not less Weight

than 4 lbs. 6.55 ozs. (2 kilograms) complete
as thrown.
POLE VAULT.
The pole shall be either of wood or bamboo Construction

and may be of any length or diameter. It
shall have no assisting devices except as
provided for, but may be wound or wrapped
with adhesive tape. The wrapping must be
of uniform thickness. The lower end of the
pole may terminate in a single metal spike
or a wooden plug.
THROWING THE JAVELIN.

Construction The Javelin shall be of wood with a sharp

iron or steel point. The Javelin shall be
constructed in such way that the space
between the foremost point and the center
of gravity is not longer than 1.203 yards
(110 centimeters), or shorter than 2. 953 feet
(90 centimeters).
Grip It shall have, about the center of gravity,

a grip formed by a binding 6.3 inches (16
centimeters) broad, of whipcord, without
thongs or notches in the shaft, and shall
have no 'other holding than the above men-
tioned binding, whose circumference at
either edge shall not exceed the circum-
ference of the shaft by more than .984 inch
(25 millimeters).
Measurements The length shall be not less than 8 feet 6%
inches (260 centimeters) complete as thrown.
Weight The weight shall be not less than 1.76
pounds (800 grammes) complete as thrown.
SPECIFICATIONS OF APPARATUS.
Specifications.
Construction The circle shall be made of band iron or

steel, wood or rope, and, except for the
Measurements discus, shall measure not more than 7 feet
(2.134 meters) inside diameter. The circle
for the discus shall measure not more than
8 feet 2Jg inches (2. 5 meters) inside diameter.
Metal— The sides shall be h inch (6.35

millimeters) thick by 3 inches (76.199 milli-
meters) high.
—
Wood The sides shall be 3 inches
(76.199 millimeters) thick by 2 inches (50.799
millimeters) high.
Rope— The rope shall be 1 inch (25.4
millimeters) in diameter.
The circle shallbe painted white. The rope Finish
may be tarred as a means of preservation.
HAMMER THROWING CAGE.

Specifications.
^
It is strongly recommended that all hammer throws
be from an enclosure or cage to ensure the safety of spec-
tators. A cage of the following dimensions is suggested.
The cage should be circular in form, having Cage
an inside diameter of not less than 27 feet
(8.229 meters). The height should be not
lessthan 7 feet (2. 134 meters). There should
be an opening, through which the throw
is made, of approximately 23 feet (7.010
meters) . The cage should be composed of
2'.ix4'.s inches (57.1489x114.297 millime-
ters) diamond mesh wire screen of % inch
(9.5248 millimeters) wire. The screen should
be mounted upon pipe uprights, buried in
the ground to a depth of 30 inches (762
millimeters), and spaced not more than 8
feet (2.438 meters) apart. The size of the
pipe should be 2^ inches (63.4988 milli-
meters).
It might be desirable, in some instances, to install a
demountable cage, having sockets grouted permanently
in the ground, into which the pipe uprights might be set
when the cage is erected. The sockets could be provided

with covers when the uprights are removed.
SECTOR FOR THROWS FROM CIRCLE.

Specifications.
A ninety degree sector shall be clearly-

marked on the ground, the radii lines cross-
ing at the center of the circle. The outer
ends of the radii lines shall be marked with
flags.
SECTOR FLAGS.
Specifications.
Construction The sector flag shall be entirely of metal.

The flag shall be rectangular in shape and
shall measure 4x7 inches (101.598x177.797
miUimeters) The standard shall be not less
.
than 5/16 inch (7.93 millimeters) in diam-

eter and not less than 36 inches (914.392
millimeters) in length. The flag shall be
painted red.
STOP BOARD.
Specifications.
Construction The board shall be made of wood. ^

Measurements The board shall measure not less than 4 feet
(1.219 meters) long, 4î inches (114.297
millimeters) wide, and 4 inches (101.598 mil-
limeters) high.
Finish The board shall be painted white.
TAKE-OFF BOARD
Specifications.
Construction The take-off board shall be made of wood.

The board shall measure not than 4
less
feet (1.219 meters) long, 8 inches (203.196
millimeters) wide, and 4 inches (101.598

millimeters) high.
The board shall be painted white. Finish
JUMP OR VAULTING STANDARDS.

SpeciJicatioTis.
Any style or kind of uprights or posts may Uprights

be used.
The cross bar shall be entirely of wood, not Cross Bar
more than linch (25.399 millimeters) square
in section, and of a uniform thickness
throughout. The ends of the cross bar shall
project not more than 6 inches (152.397
millimeters) beyond the pegs.
The pegs supporting the cross bar shall Pegs
extend horizontally not more than 3 inches
(76.1986 millimeters) from the face of the
uprights and shall be without notches or
indentations of any kind. The pegs shall be
round, of a uniform thickness throughout,
and not more than % inch (12.6997 milli-
meters) in diameter.
Specifications.
A hurdle shall consist of two wood up- Construction

rights, or standards, supporting a rectan-
gular wood frame or gate. The hurdle may
be adjustable in height, but shall be rigidly
fastened at the required height for each
event.
The extreme width of the gate shall be not Measurements
less than 4 feet (1.22 meters). The extreme
length of base for the uprights shall be not
less than 19.685 inches (500 millimeters).
The total weight of the hurdle shall be not

less than 15.43 pounds (7 kilograms).
Finish The top bar of the gate shall be painted
white.
RELAY BATON.
Specifications.
Construction The baton shall be a hollow wood tube.

Measurements The length shall be not more than 11.81
inches (300 millimeters).
Weigiit The weight shall be not less than 1.764
ounces (50 grammes). The circumference
shall be 4.724 inches (120 millimeters).
SPALDING'S ATULBTIO LIBRARY. 121
ARTICLES OF ALLIANCE
BETWEEN TUB
NORTH AMERICAN GYMNASTIC UNION

(TURNBRBUND)
AND THE
AMATEUR ATHLETIC UNION of the UNITED STATES.
This Alliance is formed in the manner following:
I.
REPRESENTATION OF N.A.G.U. AT MEETINGS OF A.A.U.

At all meetings of the Amateur Athletic Union the North
American Gymnastic Union shall be entitled to representation by
not more than four delegates, or duly appointed alternates of such
delegates, having, collectively, one vote.
II.
CONTINUOUS REPRESENTATION N.A.G.U. UPON BOARD OF GOVERNORS
OF A.A.U.
From among these delegates one shall be chosen, in the manner
and for such period as provided by the Constitution of the Ama-
teur Athletic Union, to be a member of the Board of Governors
of the Amateur Athletic Union, and having voice and vote, priv-
ileges and duties equal to the other members of said Board in
all matters which come before it, in accordance with the Consti-
tution of the Amateur Athletic Union.
III.
CONTINUOUS REPRESENTATION OF A.A.U. IN ATHLETIC COMMITTEE
OF N.A.G.U.
The Amateur Athletic Union shall be entitled to representation
in the North American Gymnastic Union by means of a delegate
to be appointed by the Board of Governors, in the same manner
and for the same period as the standing committees of the Board
of Governors of the Amateur Athletic Union, said representative
to be a member of the General Committee on Athletics (Tech-
nisches Comite) of the North American Gymnastic Union, and
shallbe entitled to voice and vote in his own discretion upon all
matters which come before it.
i:2 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY.
IV.
ELIGIBILITY OF N.A.G.U. MEMBERS IN A.A.U. COMPETITIONS.
Members of the club members of the North American Gym-
nastic Union shall be subject to test as to their eligibility to par-
ticipate in athletic competitions approved by the Amateur Athletic
Union exclusively, by the conditions of competition prescribed
by the Constitution of the Amateur Athletic Union.
V.
ELIGIBILITY OF A.A.U.MEMBERS IN N.A.G.U. COMPETITIONS.
Clubs or members of the club members of the Amateur Athletic
Union, may participate in the athletic competitions of the North
American Gymnastic Union, its District Associations (Bezirke)
or Clubs (Vereine), when they conform to all the requirements
of the Rules and Regulations governing such competitions, in the
same manner as other competitors, or under such modification of
said Rules and Regulations as may be approved by the authority
under which such competitions are held.
VI.
TERMINABILITY OF ALLIANCE.
These Articles of Alliance shall be terminable by either party
when, upon thirty days' written notice to the other, it voluntarily
withdraws therefrom.
VII.
The agitation for the introduction of a comprehensive system
of physical education in the public schools of the cities of the
United States engaged in by the North American Gymnastic
Union is hereby endorsed, and the co-operation of the Amateur
Athletic Union to its realization is herewith earnestly pledged.
Hugo Muench, President North American G.U.
Harry McMillan, President A.A.U.
Max Hem pel, Secretary North American G.U,
J. E. Sullivan, Secretary A.A.U.
SPALDING'S ATHLBTIC LIBRARY. 123
BETWEEN THE
INTERCOLLEGIATE ASSOCIATION OF AMATEUR

ATHLETES OF AMERICA
AND THE
I. At all meetings of the Amateur Athletic Union the Inter-

collegiate Association of Amateur Athletes of America shall be
entitled to representation by not more than four delegates, or
duly elected alternates of such delegates, having, collectively,
one vote.
II. From among these delegates one shall be chosen to becorne
a member of the Board of Governors of the Amateur Athletic
Union, who shall have voice, vote and privilege equal to the
other members of said Board upon matters coming before it.
III. All members of Amateur Athletic Union clubs entering
Intercollegiate games shall begoverned by the rules of the Inter-
collegiate Association of Amateur Athletes of America but mem-
;
bers of Association colleges entering Amateur Athletic Union

games shall be governed by the rules of the Amateur Athletic
Union.
IV. These Articles of Alliance shall be terminable by either
party upon thirty days' written notice to the other.
(Duly executed by Presidents and Secretaries of Intercollegiate
Association of Amateur Athletes of America and Amateur Ath-
letic Union.)
124 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRAET.
ARTICLES GF ALLIANCE
BETWEEN THE
MILITARY ATHLETIC LEAGUE

AND THE
I. At all meetings of the Amateur Athletic Union the Military

Athletic League shall be entitled to representation by not more
than four delegates, or duly elected alternates of such delegates,
having, collectively, one vote.
II. From among these one shall be chosen to become a mem-
ber of the Board of Governors of the Amateur Athletic Union,
who shall have voice, vote and privilege equal to the other
members of said Board upon all matters coming before it.
ni. All games open only to members of the Military Athletic
League shall be held under Military Athletic League rules; but
games open to all amateurs shall be held under rules of the
Amateur Athletic Union, and in games where both closed and
open events are given, the rules of the Military Athletic League
shall apply to the closed events and the rules of the Amateur
Athletic Union to all others. The sanction and registration re-
quirements of the Amateur Athletic Union shall not apply to
Military Athletic League closed events.
IV. Each party to this Alliance shall respect and enforce all
penalties of suspension and disqualification inflicted by the other
party.
V. Competition by members of Militairy Athletic League or-
ganizations in closed games under its rules shall not be con-
sidered as competition from a club, as restricted by Article X.,
Section 2, of the Constitution of the Amateur Athletic Union.
VI. These Articles of Alliance shall be terminated by either
party upon thirty days' notice to the other.
C. H. LuscoMB, President Military A.L.
John J. Dixon, Recording Secretary Military A.L.
Harry McMillan, President A.A.U.
J. E, Sullivan, Secretary A.A.U,
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 12b
BETWEEN THE
NATIONAL CYCLING ASSOCIATION

AND THE
I. All cycling events in championship or other open meetings

of the Amateur vVthletic Union, or its associations or clubs, shall
be given under the rules of the National Cycling Association, and
all athletic events in any meeting given under the permit of the
National Cycling Association, shall be under the rules of the
II. No athletic games, meetings, benefits or entertainments,
which include or are held in connection with a cycling event or
events, shall be recognized by the Amateur Athletic Union or by
any of its associations in any case where a permit for such
cycling event or events shall have been or shall be withheld or
refused by the National Cycling Association, and in all cases
where such athletic games, meetings, benefits or entertainments
shall have been or shall be inadvertently recognized, the permit
or recognition thereof shall be forthwith cancelled and annulled.
No cycling event which is included in or run in connection with
any programme of athletic games, meetings, benefits or enter-
tainments, shall be recognized by the National Cycling Associa-
tion in any case where permit oj recognition of such games,
meetings, benefits or entertainments shall have been or shall
be withheld or refused by the Amateur Athletic Union, or by
any of its associations, and in every case where cycling event or
events shall have been or shall be inadvertently recognized by
the National Cycling Association, such permit shall be forthwith
cancelled and annulled.
III. Each party to this Alliance shall respect and enforce all
penalties of suspension or disqualification infliicted by the other
party.
IV. In case of a disagreement between the National Cycling
Association and the Amateur Athletic Union upon any point
covered by these articles, the same shall be submitted to three
arbitrators, one to be selected by the Amateur Athletic Union.
V. At all meetings of the Amateur Athletic Union the
National Cycling Association shall be entitled to representation
12S SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY.
by not more than four delegates or duly elected alternates of

such delegates, having, collectively, one vote.
From among these delegates one shall be chosen to become a
member of the Board of Governors of the Amateur Athletic
Union, who shall have voice, vote and privilege equal to the
other members of said Board upon all matter coming before it.
VI. This Alliance shall be terminable by either party upon
thirty days' notice to the other.
VII. This Alliance shall take effect when ratified by the repre-
sentativegoverning boards of the organizations party thereto,
and duly signed by the presidents of the Amateur Athletic Union
and the National Cycling Association,
The National Cycling Association,
By
George J. Cooke, President.
A. G. Batchelder, Chairman of Board of Control.
The Amateur Athletic Union,
E. E. Babb, President.
James E. Sullivan, Secretary.
(Note. — Paragraph V was inserted in above articles Augus*
21, igo7.)
BETWEEN THE
AMATEUR FENCERS' LEAGUE OF AMERICA

AND THE
I. At all meetings of the Amateur Athletic Union the Ama-

teur Fencers' League shall be entitled to representation by not
more than four delegates, or duly elected alternates of such dele-
gates, having, collectively, one vote.
II. From among these delegates one shall be chosen to become
Union, who shall have vote, voice and privilege equal to the
other members of said Board upon all matters coming before it.
III. All members of the clubs of the Amateur Athletic Union
entering competitions of the Fencers' League shall be governed
by the rules of the Fencers' League, and members of the Fencers'
League competing in Amateur Athletic Union games shall be
governed by the rules of the Amateur Athletic Union.
IV. The Amateur Athletic Union further agrees that all
fencing championships and fencing competitions of any character,
open or closed, shall be held under the rules of the Fencers'
League.
V. Each party of this Alliance shall respect and enforce all
penalties of suspension and disqualification inflicted by the
other.
party upon thirty days' notice to the other party.
Signed on behalf of the Fencers' League,

Graeme M. Hammond, President.
W. Scott O'Connor, Secretary.
Signed on behalf of the Amateur Athletic Union of the United
States,
Jos. B. Maccabe, President
James E. Sullivan, Secretary.
Dated, New York, October i6, 1905.
BETWEEN THE
FEDERATION OF AMERICAN MOTORCYCLISTS
AND THE
AMATEUR ATHLETIC UNION of the UNITED STATES,
I.At all meetings of the Amateur Athletic Union the Federa-
tion of American Motorcyclists shall be entitled to representation
by not more than four delegates, or duly elected alternates of
such delegates, having, collectively, one vote.
II. From among these delegates one shall be chosen to become
Union, who shall have vote, voice and privilege equal to the other
members of the said Board upon all matters coming before it.
III. All members of the clubs of the Amateur Athletic Union,
or registered athletes of the Associations of the Amateur Athletic
Union, entering competitions of the Federation of American
Motorcyclists, shall be governed by the rules of the Federation
of American Motorcyclists, and members of the Federation of
American Motorcyclists competing in Amateur Athletic Union
games shall be governed by the rules of the Amateur Athletic
Union.
IV. The Amateur Athletic Union further agrees that all
motorcycling championships and motorcycling competitions of
any character, open or closed, shall be held under the rules of
the Federation of American Motorcyclists.
V. Each party of this Alliance shall respect and enforce all
penalties of suspension or disqualification inflicted by the other.
VI. In case of a disagreement between the Federation of
American Motorcyclists and the Amateur Athletic Union upon
any point covered by these articles the same shall be submitted
to three arbitrators, one to be selected by each party and the third
by such representatives.
VII. These articles of Alliance shall be terminated by either
party upon thirty days' notice to the other party.
Signed on behalf of the Federation of American Motor-
cyclists,
R. G. Betts, President.
H. J. Wehman, Secretary.
Signed on behalf of the Amateur Athletic Union,
J. B. Maccabe, President.
J. E. Sullivan, Secretary.
— .
BETWEEN THE
AMATEUR ATHLETIC UNION of the UNITED STATES
AND THE
INTERNATIONAL SKATING UNION OF AMERICA.
I. The Amateur Athletic Union of the United States of Amer-

ica and the International Skating- Union of America mutually
recognize each other as the sole governing bodies of athletics and
skating in America.
II. It is further agreed that the International Skating 'Union
and its allied bodies do hereby recognize the Amateur Athletic
Union of the United States as the sole controlling body over
athletic sports in America, and further agree to recognize the
decisions, rulings, disqualifications and suspensions of the Amateur
Athletic Union.
III. The Amateur Athletic Union of the United States and its
allied bodies do hereby recognize the International Skating Union
of America and its allied bodies as having sole control over ice
and roller skating throughout America, and further agree to
recognize the decisions, rulings, suspensions and disqualifications
of the International Skating Union.
IV. It is understood and agreed that all g:ames of Basket Ball
shall be held under the exclusive jurisdiction of the Amateur
Athletic Union of the United States.
V. These articles of alliance may be terminated by either party
upon thirty days' notice to the other party.
For the Amateur Athletic Union
James E. Sullivan, President.
John J. Dixon, Secretary.
For the International Skating Union — .
David H. Slavback, President.

Fred H. Tucker, Jr.^ Secretary.
AGREEMENT
BETWEEN THE
UNION INTERNATIONALE DES SOCIETIES

SPORTIVES EGYPTIENNES
AMATEUR ATHLETIC UNION OF THE

UNITED STATES.
I. By mutual consent the Union Internationale des Societies

Sportives Egyptiennes and the Amateur Athletic Union recognize
that all athletic sport meets are managed in Egypt by the Union
Internationale des Societies Sportives Egyptiennes, and in the
United States by the Amateur Athletic Union.
II. Every society and every member of either one of the asso-
ciations belongs by right to the other.
III. No international match in the games above mentioned can
be arranged between societies belonging to either one of these
two organizations without the consent of this Federation.
IV. All engagements for the athletic matches should be made
with the co-operation of the Federation competent to select the
athletes and responsible for them and for their fitness.
V. In the event of litigation arising from international
matches organized under the auspices of one of these two asso-
ciations, the rules of the association in the country in which the
matches or meet shall have taken place shall alone be in force.
VI. The present agreement will go out of effect three months
after its cancellation by either one of the contracting associa-
tions.
Done April 4, 1912.
For the Union Internationale des Societies Sportives Egyp-

tiennes,
A. Ch. Bolanachi, President,
O. Bavastro, Hon. Secretary.
For the Amateur Athletic Union,

GusTAvus T. KiRBY, President,
James E. Sullivan, Hon. Secretary.
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBBART. 131
AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA FOOT BALL
ASSOCIATION
AND THE
I. The Amateur Union of the United States and the
Athletic
United States of America Foot Ball Association mutually recog-
nize each other as the sole governing bodies of athletics and
Association (soccer) foot ball in the United States of America.
II. The Amateur Athletic Union agrees to recognize the rights
of an amateur Association (soccer) foot ball player to play with
or against a professional Association (soccer) foot ball team
without losing his amateur standing thereby.
III. The United States of America Foot Ball Association
agrees to recognize the decision, rulings, disqualifications and
suspensions of the Amateur Athletic Union in as far as they per-
tain to amateur Association (soccer) foot ball players under the
jurisdiction of the United States of America Foot Ball Associa-
tion who are registered with the Amateur Athletic Union indi-
vidually or as members of a club in affiliation with the Amateur
Athletic Union.
IV. The Amateur Athletic Union agrees to recognize the
decision, rulings, disqualifications and suspensions of the United
States of America Foot Ball Association in as far as they per-
tain to persons registered with the Amateur Athletic Union who
as amateur Association (soccer) foot ball players are also under
the jurisdiction of the United States of America Foot Ball Asso-
ciation.
V. In the case of a disagreement between the United States
of America Foot Ball Association and the Amateur Athletic
Union upon any point covered by these articles the same shall be
submitted to three arbitrators, one to be selected by each party
and the third by the two representaives.
party upon thirty (30) days' notice to the other party.
United States of America Foot Ball Association,
G. Randolph Manning, President.
Thomas W. Cahill, Secretary.
Amateur Athletic Union of the United States,
Alfred J. Lill, Jr., President.
James E. Sullivan, Secretary-Treasurer.
BETWEEN THE
AMATEUR ATHLETIC UNION of the UNITED STATES
AND THE
AMATEUR ATHLETIC UNION OF CANADA
I. All athletic games, open or closed, where athletes compete

or exhibit, held in Canada, shall be held under the rules and
sanction of the Amateur Athletic Union of Canada, and all
athletic games, open or closed, where athletes compete or exhibit,
which are open to amateur athletes of the United States, shall
be held under the rules and sanction ,of the Amateur Athletic
Union of the United States.
II. Amateur athletes from the United States competing or
exhibiting in. closed or open athletic sports in Canada, shall com-
pete under the rules of the Amateur Athletic Union of Canada,
and amateur athletes competing or exhibiting in open or closed
athletic games in the United States shall compete under the rules
of the Amateur Athletic Union of the United States.
III. Athletes from Canada, registered with the Amateur
Athletic Union of Canada as amateurs shall be accepted by the
Amateur Athletic Union of the United States, and athletes from
the United States, registered with the Amateur Athletic Union,
shall be accepted by the Amateur Athletic Union of Canada, and
be eligible to compete in all games sanctioned by the Amateur
Athletic Union but in all cases the athlete must present a permit
;
from his governing body.

IV. Each party of the Alliance agrees to furnish complete
lists of sanctioned athletic games upon request, and no registered
athlete shall be allowed to compete or exhibit in open or closed
games, under any rules but those of the Amateur Athletic Union
in the United States, and the Amateur Athletic Union in Canada,
If registration is called for, such registration is not to be enforced
when the athlete presents his permit.
V. International permits and vouchers adopted by the Amateur
Athletic Union of the United States and the Amateur Athletic
Union of Canada, under the terms of this alliance, may be issued
only by those authorized, and said permits and vouchers, under
penalty of suspension, must be signed by the athlete and returned
within ten days from date of competition to the official issuing

same
VI. Each party to this alliance shall respect and enforce all
penalties of suspension and disqualification imposed by the other
party.
VII. These articles of alliance shall be terminated by either

Signed on behalf of the Amateur Athletic Union of Canada,

(Signed) H. P. Johnson, President.
(Signed) N. H. Crow, Secretary.
Signed on behalf of the Amateur Athletic Union of the

United States,
(Signed) Alfred J. Lill, Jr., President.
(Signed) James E. Sullivan, Secretary-Treasurer.
134 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRAKY,
BETWEEN THE
CANADIAN AMATEUR SWIMMING ASSOCIATION
AND THE
I. All swimming, diving and water polo meetings, open, closed,

or championships, where swimmers compete or exhibit, held in
Canada, shall be held imder the rules and sanction of the
Canadian Amateur Swimming Association, and all open, closed
or championship meetings where swimmers compete or exhibit,
which are open or closed to amateur swimmers of the United
States, shall be held under the rules and sanction of the Amateur
Athletic Union of the United States.
II. Amateur swimmers, divers and water polo players from
the United States, competing or exhibiting in closed, open or
championship meetings in the Dominion of Canada, shall com-
pete under the rules of the Canadian Amateur Swimming Asso-
ciation, and amateur swimmers, divers and water polo players
from Canada, competing in closed, open or championship meet-
ings in the United States, shall compete under the rules of the
Amateur Athletic Union of the United States.
III. Swimmers, divers and water polo players from Canada,
registered with the Canadian Amateur Swimming Association
as amateurs, shall be accepted by the Amateur Athletic Union
of the United States, and swimmers, divers and water polo
players from the United States, registered with the Amateur
Athletic Union as amateurs, shall be accepted by the Canadian
Amateur Swimming Association and be eligible to compete at
all swimming, diving and water polo meetings sanctioned by
the Canadian Amateur Swimming Associa-tion, but in all cases
competitors must present a permit from their respective govern-
ing bodies.
IV. Each party to the Alliance agrees to furnish complete
listsof sanctioned open and championship, swimming, diving and
water polo meetings upon request, and no registered swimmers
shall be allowed to compete or exhibit in these events, under
any rules but those of the Amateur Athletic Union in the
United States, and those of the Canadian Amateur Swimming
Association the Dominion o£ Canada.

in If registration is
called for, such registration is not to be enforced under this
Alliance, when the swimmer, diver or water polo player pre-
sents his permit.
International permits and vouchers, adopted by the Ama-
V.
teur Athletic Union of the United States and the Canadian
Amateur Swimming Association under the terms of this Alli-
ance, may be issued only by those authorized, and said permits
and vouchers, under penalty of suspension, must be signed by
the individual to whom issued and returned within ten days
from date of competition to the official issuing same.
VI. Each party to this Alliance shall respect and enforce
all penalties of suspension and disqualification imposed by the
other party.
VII. These Articles of Alliance shall be terminated by either
Signed on behalf of the Canadian Amateur Swimmitig
Association. .
(Signed) Chris H. Goulden, President.

(Signed) Leonard G. Norris, Hon. Secretary.
Signed on behalf of the Amateur Athletic Union of the
United States.
(Signed) Alfred J. Lill, Jr., President.
(Signed) James E, Sullivan, Secretary-Treasurer.
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBBAET.
FORM OF CONSTITUTION FOR ACTIVE

ASSOCIATIONS
ARTICLE I.
NAME.
This organization shall be known as the
ARTICLE n.
OBJECTS.
The objects of this Association are:
1. To foster and improve amateur athletics throughout its ter-
ritory, in accordance with the standards and under the rules
prescribed by the Amateur Athletic Union.
2. To protect and promote the mutual interests of its mem-
bers.
3. To institute, regulate and award the amateur athletic cham-
pionship of this Association.
ARTICLE in.
TERRITORY.
Until (i) the members of this Association shall fall below
four in number; or (2) until the Amateur Athletic Union, under
the provisions of its Constitution, shall ajlot a portion or por-
tions of said territory to a new association or to new associa-
tions formed therein and admitted to active membership in said
Amateur Athletic Union, the territory under the jurisdiction of
this Association shall be
ARTICLE IV.
MEMBERSHIP.
1. The membership of this Association shall be limited to
amateur organizations promoting some branch or branches of
amateur athletic sports.
2. This Association, through its Board of Managers, shall be
the sole judge of the qualifications of applicants for membership
herein and of the qualification of members to continue herein.
3. Each member of this Association shall be sole judge of *;he
qualifications of individuals to become and continue memberr> of
such organization.
4. Applications for membership shall be in the form de-
scribed by the By-Laws of this Association, and acceptance «)f
membership shall bind such organization to abide by the Consti-

tution, By-Laws and Rules of the Amateur Athletic Union and
of this Association, and to accept and enforce all decisions af-
fecting or relating to such organization that may be made pur-
suant thereto by the Board of Governors of the A. A. U., or by
the Board of Managers of this Association.
5. Any violation by any member of this Association of the
Constitution, By-Laws or Rules of this Association, or order of
its Board of Managers made in conformity therewith shall ren-
der such member liable to suspension by the Board of Managers,
until the next annual or special meeting of this Association, and
to expulsion by a two-thirds vote of all the members represented
at such meeting.
ARTICLE V.
REPRESENTATION OF MEMBERS.
1. Every member of this Association must appoint three dele-
gates to represent it at meetings of this Association, and such
delegates must be members in good standing of such organiza-
tion and may also appoint three alternates of such delegates, who
must be members of such organization or of some other member
in this Association, except that no member of the Board of Man-
agers shall be appointed an alternate. All the representatives of
one member shall collectively have one vote. All delegates and
alternates shall represent their respective organizations until
withdrawn.
2. The appointment of every delegate and alternate shall be
in writing, duly certified by the chief executive officer or secre-
tary of the appointing member.
3. All members of the Board of Managers shall be elected
from the duly appointed delegates. No alternate shall be elected
a member of the Board.
4. Election of members of the Board of Managers shall only
occur at the annual mcetins?- and by a majority vote of organiza-
tions represented and entitled to vote, except that the Board
of Managers shall have power to fill vacancies,^ arising from any
cause, from among the delegates to the Association.
5. Any member may at any time, by written notice, addressed
to the Secretary-Treasurer of the Association and signed by
the chief executive officer or secretary of such member, with-
draw any or all of its delegates, provided a like number of newly
appointed delegates be at the same time substituted for those
withdrawn; and if any delegate thus withdrawn be at the time
a member of the Board of Managers, the Board shall fill the
vacancy »s provided in Section 4 of this Article.
138 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBBAEY.
ARTICLE VI.
MANAGEMENT.
The management of the affairs of this Association shall be
delegated to a Board of Managers, consisting of not more than
fifteen members.
The Board of Managers so chosen, shall, from among their
number, elect a President, Vice-President, and a Secretary-
Treasurer, each of whom shall serve for a term of one year or
until his successor is chosen, and each of whom shall perform
the duties prescribed by the By-Laws.
ARTICLE VII.
DUTIES AND POWERS OF THE BOARD OF MANAGERS.
The Board of Managers shall, in addition to the duties and
powers elsewhere in this Constitution prescribed, have power and
it shall be their duty:
1. To admit to membership any organization eligible under
this Constitution applying therefore, if they deem proper.
2.To impose and enforce penalties for any violation of the
Constitution or By-Laws of this Association.
3. To reject any entries (if deemed objectionable) at any As-
sociation Championship meeting, and to delegate this power to
its committees.
4. To remove from office, by a two-thirds vote, any member
of the Board of Managers who, by neglect of duty, or by conduct
tending to impair his usefulness as a member of such Board,
shall be deemed to have forfeited his position.
5. To fill all vacancies in the Board of Managers occurring
from any cause.
6. To collect the dues and funds of the Association and to
expend the same.
7. To regular and special meetings of this Association,
call
and to fix the time and place for holding all meetings not fixed
by this Constitution.
8. To. institute, locate, conduct and manage all Association
championship meetings.
9. To explain, define and interpret any provision of the Con-
stitution or By-Laws of this Association, upon request of a
member.
ARTICLE Vin.
JURISDICTION.
This Association shall have jurisdiction throughout its terri-
tory over the athletic sports and exercises enumerated in the
Constitution of the Amateur .A-thletic Union, and subject to the
provisions of such Constitution, By-Laws and Rules relating

thereto.
ARTICLE IX.
CONDITIONS OF COMPETITION.
I, The conditions of competition in and the rules governing
any athletic meeting, game or entertainment given or sanctioned
by this Association or its members, shall be those prescribed in
the Constitution, By-Laws, and Rules of the Amateur Athletic
Union; provided, however, that any member may reject from its
games any entry deemed objectionable.
No person shall be eligible to compete in any Association
Championships, except by unanimous vote of the Board of Man-
agers, unless he is a member of one of the members of the
Association.
ARTICLE X.
DUES AND EXPENSES.
1. Every club member shall annually pay to the Secretary-
Treasurer, at least ten days before the annual meeting, $7.50 as
annual dues provided, that every applicant for membership shall
;
remit with its application to the Secretary-Treasurer the amount

of its annual dues.
2. A
failure to pay said dues within the time prescribed shall
operate to prevent a representation of and a vote by the delin-
quent member at any meeting of the Association and a con- ;
tinued indebtedness for dues or other charges for a period of

three months, shall operate as a loss of membership by the de-
linquent member.
3. The
receipts from all sources shall be devoted to defraying
the of Association championship medals or other tokens,
cost
annual dues to the Amateur Athletic Union, and for printing
and other necessary expenses incurred by the Board for this
Association. All expenses incurred by delegates in attending
meetings of this Association and by members of the Board of
Managers in attending meetings of the Board, may be paid by
their respective clubs from which such delegates or managers
were appointed or chosen.
ARTICLE XL
MEETINGS OF THE ASSOCIATION.
1. The annual meeting of this Association shall be held on
the third Monday in September in each year.
2. Special meetings of this Association may be called by a
majority vote of the Board of Managers, and upon the written
request of at least one-third of all members of this Association
140 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRAKT.
must be called, the notice to contain the date and location of

such meeting, and a statement of the object thereof.
3. Fifteen days' notice of every meeting of this Association
shall be mailed by the Secretary-Treasurer at the time fixed
by this Article to the Secretary, every member of this Associa-
tion, and every such member shall promptly notify the Secretary-
Treasurer of this Association of any change in office or address
of its Secretary and a notice mailed by the Secretary-Treasurer
;
of this Association to the address last given by such member

shall be deemed a full compliance on his part with the require-
ments of this Constitution and of the By-Laws hereunder, as to
sending such notices.
4. At the meetings of this Association the following shall be
the order of business
(i) Roll Call of Delegates.
(2) Reading of Minutes.
(3) Report of Board of Managers.
(4) Secretary-Treasurer's Report.
(5) Reports of Committees.
(6) Resolutions, Orders and General Business.
(7) Election of Handicapper or Handicappers.
(8) Election of Board of Managers (if annual meeting).
(9) Adjournment.
5. In the interval between two annual meetings of the Asso-
ciation, any action that might be lawfully taken at a special
meeting may be so taken by mail or telegraph vote, provided that
where this constitution requires a majority vote, the vote so
taken must, to be eflfective, be a majority vote of all members of
the Association voting, and where this Constitution requires a
two-thirds vote, the vote so taken must, to be eflfective, be a
two-thirds vote of all members of the Association voting, and
provided, further, that in every instance such mail or telegraph
vote shall be taken by the Secretary-Treasurer, and the ballots
of each member must be preserved in his files.
ARTICLE XII.
PROCEEDINGS OF BOARD OF MANAGERS.
1. The annual meeting of the Board of Managers shall be
convened as soon as possible after the adjournment of the an-
nual meeting of this Association.
2. Special meetings may be called by the President upon not
less than ten days' notice being given by the Secretary-Treasurer
to each member of the Board of such meeting and of the object
;
thereof. At any such meeting the members of the Board an-

swering roll call shall constitute a quorum.
3. In the interval between two meetings of the Board, any
action that might be lawfully taken at a special meeting of the
Board may be so taken by mail vote, provided that where this
Constitution requires a majority vote, the vote so taken must,
to be effective, be a majority vote of all members of the Board
voting; and where this Constitution requires a two-thirds vote,
the vote so taken must, to be effective, be a two-thirds vote of
all members of the Board voting; and provided, that in cases
where the President may deem it necessary, a vote may be taken
by telegraph instead of mail in such cases the vote to close
;
within forty-eight hours, and provided, further, that in every in-

stance, such mail or telegraph vote shall be taken by the Secre-
tary-Trea^rer, and the ballots of each member of the Board
must be preserved in his files.
ARTICLE XIII.
AMENDMENTS.
1. No amendment shall be made to this Constitution at any
meeting except by a two-thirds vote of the members represented
or by a mail vote except by a two-thirds vote of all the members
of the Association. And before a vote is taken on any proposed
amendment, by mail vote or at a meeting, the said proposed
amendment must have been submitted to the Board of Managers,
and at least thirty days' notice thereof given by the Board to
all members of the Association.
2. No amendment shall take effect until approved by a major-
ity of the Board of Governors of the Amateur Athletic Union.
FORM OF BY-LAWS FOR ACTIVE

ASSOCIATIONS
ARTICLE I.
MANAGERS.
1. The Board of Managers of the Association shall consist
of members.
2. Said Board of Managers shall be elected by ballot at each
annual meeting of this Association by a majority vote of the
clubs legally represented, and shall hold office for one year, or
until their successors are elected.
3. Vacancies in the Board of Managers shall be filled by the
Board until the next annual meeting.
ARTICLE II.
OFFICERS.
1. The officers of this Association, viz., President, Vice-Presi-
dent, Secretary-Treasurer, shall be elected by ballot by a major-
ity vote at the annual meeting of the Board of Managers.
2. The President may order meetings of the Board of Man-
agers where and when he shall deem necessary; shall preside at
all meetings of said Board and of the Association, end generally
shall perform such other duties as appertain to the office of
President.
3. The Vice-President shall have the power to perform the
duties of the President in the absence or inability to act of the
latter.
4. The Secretary-Treasurer shall keep the records of the As-
sociation and the Board of Managers, conduct all official cor-
respondence; issue notice of all meetings of this Association and
said Board, keep a complete record of all athletic events held
under the auspices of this Association, and perform such other
duties as may be prescribed by the Constitution and By-Laws of
said Association.
The Secretary-Treasurer shall receive all the moneys of this
Association and shall pay all bills approved by the Finance
Committee or by the Board of Managers, provided that neces-
sary minor expenses, which may be paid by any committee, may
be turned into the Secretary-Treasurer as cash if recorded in de-
tail, duly attested by the Committee and approved by the Board.
He shall, whenever required by the Board or its Finance Com-
mittee, submit and turn over to said Committee or the Board,
all moneys, accounts, books, papers, vouchers and records, in-

cluding bank and check books, appertaining to his office, and
shall turn over the same to his successor when elected. He
shall be bonded (at the expense of the Association), for an
amount to be designated by the Board of Managers, not less than
$1,000.
ARTICLE III.
COMMITTEES AND HANDICAPPERS.
r. There shall be appointed by the President, with the ap-
proval of the Board, a Finance Committee, which shall, within
two weeks next preceding the date of the annual meeting each
year, audit and examine the accounts of the Secretary-Treasurer,
and make its report to the Board of Managers prior to the an-
nual meeting next ensuing.
Said Committee shall also at other times, when requested by
the Board, make an examination of the accounts of the Secre-
tary-Treasurer, and report to the Board thereon, and may in
such case require the Secretary-Treasurer to turn over to it all
moneys, accounts, books, papers, vouchers and records apper-
taining to his office.
2. The Board of Managers shall elect from among its mem-
bers a Registration Committee of three, which committee shall
have the powers and duties as defined in Article XI. of the Con-
stitution of the A. A. U.
3. The President shall also appoint a Committee on Records,
a Committee on Legislation, a Committee on Membership and
Investigation, and such other committees as shall be designated
by the Board of Managers the number constituting each of
;
sr\id committees to be fixed by the President, with the approval

of the Board.
4. There shall be elected by ballot at each annual meeting
one or more handicappers, who shall hold office for one year, or
until their successors shall be elected.
ARTICLE IV.
MEMBERSHIP IN THE ASSOCIATION.
organization eligible under the Constitution of the Union
Any
and of this Association desiring to become a member of the
Association, shall make application in writing to the Secretary-
'^rcasurer declaring:
(0) Its name, location, the number of its members, and the
names of its officers.
(fc) Date of its organization and its purposes.
(c) That it will, if elected a member of the Association, abide

by the Constitution, By-Laws and Rules of the Union and Asso-
ciation, and will respect, abide by and enforce all decisions of
the Union and Board of Managers of this Association and the
decisions of the Registration Committees of the Union.
It shall transmit at same time the dues required by the Con-
stitution of this Association, and a copy of its Constitution and
By-Laws. Such application shall be immediately referred by the
Secretary-Treasurer to the proper committee to investigate and
report.
ARTICLE V.
ORDER OF BUSINESS.
Order of business at all meetings of the Board of Managers
shall be as follows:
(a) Roll Call.
(b) Reading of Minutes.
(c) Reports of Officers and Committees.
(</) Unfinished Business.
ie) Election to fill Vacancies.
\f) New Business.
ARTICLE VI.
X. This Association must hold annually on the Saturday pre-
ceding the third Monday in September, a field and track cham-
pionship meeting, at such place and including such events as
they may determine, unless otherwise sanctioned by the Regis-
tration Committee.
They may hold such other indoor and outdoor championship
meetings as they may deem best.
At least thirty days' notice of all such championship games
shall be given to all members of this Association.
2. Such championship meetings shall be in charge of a Com-
mittee appointed by the Board of Managers, which Committee
shall not be restricted to members of said Board, except that
the Chairman of said Committee shall be a member of said
Board.
3. All entries shall be sent to the Chairman of said Commit-
tee, which Committee may reject any entries which it may deem
objectionable. Said Committee shall receive all protests and
transmit them to the Registration Committee for final action at
once, with such report or recommendations as it may deem
proper.
4. Said Committee shall, subject to the approval of the Board

of Managers, choose the officers at all championship meetings.
ARTICLE VII.
AMENDMENTS.
These By-Laws may be amended at any meeting of the Board
by a two-thirds vote of the members present, or by a mail vote,
by a two-thirds vote of the members voting, provided that at
least ten days' notice shall be given to every member of the
Board of the proposed amendment but no amendment shall be
;
operative until approved by the Board of Governors of the

A. A. U. The number of the Board of Managers, however, shall
be changed only by a meeting of this Association.
16 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRART.
WHEN AN AMATEUR BECOMES A

PROFESSIONAL
The Amateur Athletic Union of the United States, without
enlarging or diminishing or in any way modifying the provisions
of the Constitution, By-Laws and General Rules, to which for
more explicit information reference must always be had, hereby
authorizes the following as a
Summary of the tests which have been applied in the determin-
ation of questions of amateur standing .
An athlete becomes a professional if he

(i) Enters a competition for money or for prizes of more
than $35 in value. (Const., Art. X, Sec. i (i), and Sees. 3 and 4).)
(2) Sells or pawns his prizes. (Const., Art. X, Sec. i, (4).)
(3) Accepts a purse of money (Const., Art. X, Sec. i (i).)
(4) Enters a competition under a false name. (Const., Art.
X, Sec. I (2).)
(5) Enters a competition open to a professional, or knowingly
competes with a professional. (Const., Art. X, Sec. i (4).)
(6) Issues a challenge to compete for money or its equivalent.
(Const, Art. X, Sec. i (4).)
(7) Receives reward for becoming or continuing a member of
an Athletic Organization. (Const., Art. X, Sec. i (i).)
(S) Teaches, trains, or coaches in an athletic sport for money
or any valuable consideration. (Const., Art. X, Sec. i (i).)
WHEN AN AMATEUR BECOMES DISQUALIFIED.

An athlete is disqualified as an amateur who
from competing
has committed any of the following acts
(i) Entering or competing against other than registered ama-
teurs in good standing. (Const., Art. X, Sec. i (6), 2, General
Rule 4 (Sees, i, 3, 5, 9, n, 12).)
(2) Competing from an organization.
(a) In whose employ he is. (Const., Art. X, Sec. i (i).)
(b) In which he is not a member in good standing. (Const.,
Art. X, Sec. i (2).)
(c) When he has competed from another existing organi-
zation within a year, except such other organization shall have
ceased to exist or the athlete taken a bona fide residence in
another district of this Union. (Const., Art. X, Sec. 2 (a).)
(3) Violating the rules of affiliated bodies when in their games.
(Const., Art. X, Sec. 4.)
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRAHT. 147
(4) Acting in a discourteous or unfair manner. (Const., Art.

XI, Sees. 12, 13, 14.)
(5) Competing when knowingly under suspension. (Const.,
Art. X, Sec. 4.)
(6) Competing in games not duly authorized. (General Rule 4.)
(7) Entering open games when unregistered. (Const., Art.
X, Sec. I (6).)
(8) Refusing to testify. (Const., Art. XI, Sec. 11.)
For the purpose of defining the position of the Amateur Ath-
letic Union in regard to certain matters which have been the
subject of some discussion, the following construction of our
Constitution, By-Laws and Rules is authorized and promulgated:
(i) In sports oyer which the Amateur Athletic Union has not
assumed jurisdiction, the following are recognized as governing
bodies: National Association of Amateur Oarsmen.
United States Golf Association.
United States National Lawn Tennis Association.
National Archery Association.
National Roque Association.
Amateur Fencers League of America,
International Skating Union.
Federation of American Motorcyclists of the United
States.
National Cycling Association.
United States of America Foot Ball Association.
American Amateur Hockey Association.
The Amateur Athletic Union recognizes the right of collegiate
associations and scholastic associations to govern themselves and
to compete among themselves without registration or sanction of
the Amateur Athletic Union but teams other tTian track teams
;
duly authorized to represent an educational institution may only

compete with teams of outside organizations when such latter
teams are duly registered.
Unless the team representing the educational institution is
properly authorized to represent its institution, both teams must
be registered.
At all meetings held under the management of educational in-
stitutions all athletes competing who are not members of educa-
tional institutions must be registered.
An athlete cannot compete as an amateur who has coached
or instructed for money or received excessive expenses, or
played with or against professionals in baseball or football, ex-
cept that this shall not apply to the individuals of a team com-
posed entirely of amateurs which has played against a professional
team. A single professional player on a team makes the team
orofessional.
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LJBRARX.
SPECIAL LEGISLATION AUTHORIZED

BY THE A. A. U.
For the Metropolitan Association.
Add to Article 6, of the Constitution of the Metropolitan Asso-
ciation, the following
"At the first meeting of the Board of Managers, or as soon
thereafter as possible, the President shall appoint three dele-
gates-at-large, who shall have all the rights and privileges of
the other members of the Board, and shall each have one vote."
Adopted November, 1902.
Amend By-Laws, Article i, "Managers," Section i, to read as

follows
"The Board of Managers of this Association shall consist of
one member from each active member and three Delegates-at-
Large, who shall be appointed by the President."
Adopted February, 1905.
Amend Article III, Paragraph II, to read as follows

"The Board of Managers shall elect from among its members
a Registration Committee of five, which committee shall have
the powers and duties defined in Article XI of the Constitution
of the Amateur Athletic Union."
That the Metropolitan Association, in accordance with an amend-

ment to Article X, Section 2 of the Constitution of the Amateur
Athletic Union, adopted at the annual meeting held November 20,
191 1, fix the radius from the headquarters of members of the
Metropolitan Association at 100 miles.
Adopted August, 1912.
For the Pacific Association.

Amend Article Section i, of the by-laws of the Pacific
I,
Association to read as follows: The Board of Managers of
this association shall consist of one member from each active
member and seven Delegates-at-Large who shall be appointed
annually by the President. The Delegates-at-Large shall have
the same privileges as the other members of the Board of
Managers.
Section 2. Said Board of Managers shall be elected by ballot

at each annual meeting of this association by a majority vote of
the clubs legally represented, and shall hold office for one year,
or until their successors are elected.
3. Vacancies in the Board of Managers shall be filled by the
Board until the next annual meeting. Vacancies in the Dele-
gates-at-Large shall be filled by the appointment of the President.
That members of the Pacific Association be granted permis-

sion to hold special wrestling matches, best two out of three falls,
with fifteen-minute time limit on each bout, and in case of no
fall, the decision to be awarded to the aggressor, and if Referee
is unable to render a decision, he shall call for continuous
wrestling of five-minute periods until he is able to render a deci-
sion or a fall is secured.
This ruling not to apply to championship bouts, but only to
bouts for members.
For the Central Association.
"Resolved, That the Central Association be given consent to

change its rules so that the first year's dues for membership
in the Association shall be $10.00, and thereafter %7-SO, as here-
tofore."
AiTiend By-Laws, Article I, "Managers," Section i, to read as

follows "The Board of Managers of this Association shall con-
:
sist of one tnember from each active member and three delegates-
at-large, who shall be appointed by the President; such dele-
gates must be members in good standing of clubs that are active
members of the Central Association.
"The Delegates-at-Large shall have all the privileges and
rights of the other members of the board, and shall each have
one vote at all of the meetings of the Board of Managers, and
one vote collectively annual meetings of the Association."
at the
Amend 2— "No person shall be
Constitution, Art. IX, Section
eligible to compete in any Association championships except by
two thirds vote of the Board of Managers voting, unless he is
a member of one of the members of the Association."
Amend By-Laws, Art. VI, Sec. i. Championship Meetings—
"This Association shall hold annually at such times as the Board
130 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBKAEY.
of Managers deem best, a field and track championship meeting,

at such place and including such events as they may determine."
Adopted July 22, 1906.
Amend By-Laws, Article I, "Managers," by adding after the

words "Central Association" the words "and ex-Presidents of
the Association" and adding after the words "Delegates-at-
Large" the words "and ex-Presidents." The amended By-Law,
Article I, Managers, Sections I and U, to read as follows:
The Board of Managers of this Association shall consist of
one member from each active member and three delegates-at-
large, whobe appointed by the President; such delegates
shall
must be members in good standing of clubs that are active mem-
bers of the Central Association, and the ex-President of the
Association.
The Delegates-at-Large and ex-Presidents shall have all the
privileges and rights of the members of the Board, and shall
each have one vote at all the meetings of the Board of Managers
and one vote collectively at the annual meetings of the Associa-
tion.
"Resolved, That the Central Association be given consent to

change paragraph 2 of Article VL of the Official Handbook of the
Central Association to read 'Four Vice-Presidents' instead of
Vice-President, and that otherwise the article shall remain as
it is."
For the South Atlantic Association.

The South Atlantic Association has been given permission
to change its rules to allow the payment of the annual dues
on or before the date of the annual meeting.
Adopted, 1902.
Amend By-Laws, Art. I, Sec. i, "Managers" to read as fol-

lows "The Board of Managers of this Association shall consist
:
of one member from each active member and three Delegates-at-

Large who shall be appointed by the President, Vice-President
and Secretary-Treasurer, jointly; such delegates must be mem-
bers in good standing of clubs that are active members of the
South Atlantic Association."
:
"The Delegates-at-Large shall have all the privileges and

rights of the other members of the Board, and shall each have
one vote at all of the meetings of the Board of Managers, and
one vote collectively at the annual meetings of the Association,"
Adopted November 15, 1906.
Amend Article I, Section i, of the By-Laws to read as follows:

"The Board of Managers of this Association shall consist of one
member from each active member, ex-Presidents of the Associa-
tion, who shall have served a full term and are members in good
standing of an organization that is a member of this Association
and three delegates-at-large, wlio shall be appointed by the Presi-
dent, Vice-President and Secretary-Treasurer jointly. Such dele-
gates must be members in good standing of clubs that are active
members of the South Atlantic Association. The ex-Presidents
and the Delegates-at-Large shall have all the privileges and rights
of the other members of the Board, and shall each have one vote
at all the meetings of the Board of Managers, and at the annual
meeting of the Association the ex-Presidents shall have one vote
collectively and the Delegates-at-Large one vote collectively.
Adopted November 4, 1909.
Amend By-Laws, Art. L, Sec. i, of amendment of November

4, 1909, to read as follows: "The Board of Managers of this
Association shall consist of one member from each active mem-
ber, ex-Presidents of the Associations who shall have served a
full term and are members in good standing of an organization
that is a member of this Association and three Delegates-at-
Large, who shall be appointed by the President, Vice-President
and Secretary-Treasurer jointly. Such delegates must be mem-
bers in good standing of clubs that are active members of the
South Atlantic Association.
"The ex-Presidents and the Delegates-at-Large shall have all
the privileges and rights of the other members of the Board
of Managers, but each of these groups shall have only one
vote collectively at all meetings of the Board of Managers as
well as all meetings of the Association."
Adopted August, 1912.
Amend Article IX of the Constitution, second paragraph, to

read as follows
"Any person, not a member of one of the members of the
South .Atlantic Association, shall be eligible to compete in any
Championship Contest of the South Atlantic Association by a
majority vote of the Board of Managers; provided, that such

person is otherwise eligible to compete."
For the Middle Atlantic Association.

Amend By-Laws, Section i, Article I, to read as follows:
"The Board of Managers of this Association shall consist of
one member from each organization in good standing."
Amend Section i, Article I, of the constitution to read as fol-
lows :
The Board of Managers of this association shall consist of

one member from each organization in good standing, and three
Delegates-at-Large to be appointed by the President, who shall
have all the rights and privileges of other members of the
Board.
For the Western Association.

Amend Article I, Section i, of the constitution to read as
follows
"The Board of Managers of this association shall consist of
one member from each active association and five delegates-at-
large to be nominated by the President at the first meeting after
the annual meeting. Delegates-at-Large shall have the same
privileges as other members of the Board of Managers."
Amend the By-Laws, Article VL Section i "The Association :
shallhold annually at such times as the Board of Managers

deem best, a field and track championship meeting at such places
and including such events as they may determine."
"The Board of Managers at its first meeting succeeding the
Annual Meeting shall elect an Auxiliary Board of ten members
representing the Public and Parochial schools. The duties of
this auxiliary board shall be to act on invitation in an advisory
capacity for the promotion of athletics in the Public and Par-
ochial schools. Its members will not be entitled to vote on A.A.U.
matters."
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. lo3
For the Southern Pacific Association.

Add to Article VI of the Constitution:
"Five delegates-at-large shall be elected annually by the Board
of Managers. The delegatcs-at-large so elected shall have the
same privileges as the Board of Managers."
Adopted February, 1910.
That members of the Southern Pacific Association be granted
permission to hold special wrestling matches, best two out of
three falls, with fifteen-niinulc time limit on each bout, and in
case of no fall, the decision to be awarded to the aggressor, and
if Referee is unable to render a decision, he shall call for con-
tinuous wrestling of five-minute periods until he is able to render
a decision or a fall is secured.
bouts for members.
For the Pacific Northwest Association.

That members of the Pacific Northwest Association be granted
permission to hold special wrestling matches, best two out of
three falls, with fifteen-minute time limit on each bout, and in
case of no fall, the decision to be awarded to the aggressor, and
if Referee is unable to render a decision, he shall call for con-
tinuous wrestling of five-minute periods until he is able to render
a decision or a fall is secured.
bouts for members.
New England Association.

By mail vote of the Board of Governors of the Amateur Ath-
letic Union, closing February 24, 1914, the New England Asso-
ciation was given permission to operate under a new Consti-
tution and By-Laws of its own, containing many small changes.
Copies can be had, if desired, from the Secretary.
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRAHT.
To the Secretary of the Association

of the Amateur Athletic Union:
Dear Sir:
The hereby makes application for
membership in the Association of the Amateur
Athletic Union, the information required to accompany
application being given below. You will find enclosed
check for $ , the amount of the first year's dues and a
copy of our Constitution and By-Laws.
Name of Club
Location
Date of Club's organization and its purpose
Will the club, if elected, abide by the Constitution,

By-Laws and Rules of the Amateur Athletic Union and
Association, and respect, abide and enforce all decisions of
the Union and Board of Managers of the Association and
decisions of the Registration Committee ?
iiiA^jji.iiMaiBllMi
SPALDINGÔFFICIAL
At the International Amateur Athletic Federation Congress,
held at Lyons, France, June 10, 1914, at which the rules
governing future Olympic contests and the implements to be
used, were adopted, which rules and recommendations form
the basis of the recent revision of the rules of the Amateur
Athletic Union of the United States the following resolutions
were passed:
IMPLEMENTS
Resolved, That this Congress approves the standard set of
athletic implements exhibited by Messrs, A. G. Spalding &
Bros., in conformity with the Federation rules, and decides that
every member of the Federation must provide itself with a
standard set of said implements, stamped with the seal con-
taining signature of the Chairman of the Rules Committee of
this Federation.
Resolved, That the thanks of the International Amateur

Athletic Federation be and are hereby extended Messrs. A. G.
Spaldiog & Bros, and Mr. James E. Sullivan, as a tribute
of its deep appreciation for their generosity and courtesy in
designing, manufacturing and exhibiting at this Congress that
splendid display of athletic implements, as per resolutions
adopted at the Berlin Congress of 1913.
A. G. Spalding & Bros, have been authorized officially to use

these stamps on all implements made in accordance with
International Amateur Athletic Federation and Amateur
^^"^^^-^ Athletic Union specifications. Spalding
r-^fAAr^ implements are official also for use in all
contests under control of Intercollegiate
^-^^
ViMi',«M*\*y
A. A. A. A.
PROMFTtTTENTIONGIYENTOl
m COMMUNICHTIONS A. G. SPALDING <& BROS. FOR COMPliTl LIST OF STORES
SEE INSIDE FRONT COYEll
tPOflESSED TO ttS STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES OF THIS Boot
-
5, 1915. Subject For Canadian i
Special Canadian Catalogue.'
subKe THE SPALDING TRADEMARK GUARANTEES
Prctid.
AflHLETIIC
P N H M
OF THE HMTED STATES
SUBSTITUTE THE SPALDING iTRADE-IVIARK^K?v^5
Spalding Athletic Hammers
No. 16BH. Spalding No. 16IHB. 16-lb.
Official Olympic" Solid Iron Head Ham-
Brass Shell Head mer, including ball-
16-lb. Hammer (Pat'd bearing swivel (Pat'd
Aug.20.l9l2).includ- May 15,1900); double
triangle wire grip.
ball-bearing
;
Each, $4.00
swivel (Pat'd May 15,
1900). Supplied regu- No. 12IHB. 12 -lb.
larly with double Solid Iron Head Ham-

mer, otherwise same
triangle wire grip
as No. 161HB.
(Pat'd Dec. 22, 1914).
Each, $3.50
Each, $7.00
No. 8IH. 8-Ib. Solid
No. 12BH.12-lb. Brass iron Head Hammer
Shell Head Hammer, v>rithout ball-bearing
otherwise same as swivel. Double tri-
N0.I6BH. Ea..$6.50 angle grip. Ela.,$2.50
Extra Handles for Athletic Hammers

No. MG.
Single Grip Style (see cut). Used by many prominent
throwers. Supplied separately with wire handle. Each, $2.00 .
No. FH. Double Triangle Grip, complete with iron handle, furn-
ished separately Each, 75c.
Any regular Spalding Hammer listed above furnished with No. grip MG
instead of double triangle style, on special order, at an extra charge of $1.25
Leather Case for Athletic Hammers

No. L. Leather Case, to hold either 12 or 16-lb. hammers. . . . Each. $2.00
Spalding "Official Olympic" Circles

No. 9. 7 Foot Diameter Circle. The shot and
weights are thrown from this size circle. Three
sections, band iron, painted white. E^ch, $10.00
No. 19. 8 Foot 2 Inch Diameter Circle. For throw-
ing discus. Three sections, band iron, painted
white Each, $10.00
tOMPTATTlHTKINGIYEHTOl
ANT COMMUNICATIONS A.G.SPALDINGiSL BROS. FOR COMPLfTE LIST OF STORES,
SEE INSIOE FRONT COVER
ADDBESStP TO OS STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES OF THIS mi
»ry 5, 1915. Subjett to change without notice. For Caoulii
I^S^^?;t!!?e THE SPALDING ITRADEMARK GUARANTEES!
Spalding Athletic Shot
No. 16BS. Spalding "Official Olympic" Brass Shell Shot. 1 6- lb.
(Patented August 20. 1912) Each, $6.00
No. 12BS. I2-lb. Brass Shell s.ool
No. 16IS. i6-lb. Solid Iron 1.75
No. 12IS. 12-lb. Solid Iron 1.501
No. 24LS. 24-lb. Solid Lead . . . 6.00t
No. 24IS. 24.1b. Solid Iron 5.001
No. SIS. 8-lb. Solid Iron 1.25
No. SIS. 5-lb. Solid Iron. l.OC
No. 26. 8-lb. Leather covered 5.00
No. 5. 5-Ib. Leather covered 4.00
Regulation 56-lb. Weight

No. Used and endorsed by
2. all vsreight throwêrs. Lead.
Packed in box, guaranteed correct in weight.
Complete, $15.00
Tambourine
No. 1. Required when throwing 56-lb. weight for height.
Each, $10.00
Spalding Indoor Athletic Shot — Rubber Covered

Patented December, 1905
Scientifically made perfectly round gives fine grip
; has proper
; ;
resiliency when it comes in contact with floor wêars longer than ;
ordinary leather covered lead dust will not sift out always full
; ;
weight.
No. P. 16-lb. Rubber covered Each. $12.00
No. Q. 12-lb. Rubber covered " 10.00
Spalding Indoor Shot —Leather Covered

Method of construction prevents loss of weight even when used
constantly.
No. 3. 12-lb. Leather covered Each, $6.50
No. 4. 16-lb. Leather covered " 7.50
Spalding Athletic Implements are best— First, because we have decided that no trouble o
expense will be spared in their manufacture. Second, because -we really know how^ to maki
them to give best results, and Third, becr.use we have the special skilled workman and thi
machinery, tools, etc., necessary in the manufacture of special implements of this description
PROMPT AnENTION GIVEN TO I

m COMMUNICATIONS A. G.SPALDING & BROS. FOR COMPinE LIST Of STORES
SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER
ADDRESSED TO US
'
STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES -
OF THIS Boot
effect January 5. 1915. Subject to chanee without i For Canadian prices let special Caiuulian Catalogue.
i
SUBSTITUTE THE SPALDING iTRADE-MARKTuTTf

The Spalding "Official Olympic" Discus No. 5
Made in accordance with I. A. A. F.,
A. A. U., and Intercollegiate A. A.

A. A. specifications.
This is a duplicate of the original
sample submitted to the I. A. A. F.
Congress at Lyons, France, June 19th,
1914, and which was so favorably-
commented upon and unanimously
adopted for use in all future Olympric
games.
No. 5. Spalding "Official Olympic"
Discus, wood center. Each, $5.00
Spalding Practice All-Steel Discus

Patented March 30, 1915
Same size and shape as the "Official Olympic" style, but made all of steel, which
forbids its use as an official implement. It is recommended for practice and on
account of all-steel construction wîll give maximum amount of service.

No. 15. Spalding "Practice" Discus, all steel Each, $4.00
Spalding "Youths* Official" Discus

Wood center. Official for Junior Discus Competitions.
iNo. Y. Spalding "Youths' Official" Discus, wood center Each, $4.00
Spalding "Official Olympic" Javelin
Made in exact accordance with I. A. A. F.. A. A. U., and Intercollegiate A. A. A. A.

specifications.
No. 153. Spalding "Official Olympic" Javelin Each, $3.00
SPECIAL NOTE— Specifications the Official Rules covering Javelin throwing are such
in
that in complying with them the Javelin is necessarily quite frail; hence, if it is not thrown
with the proper degree of skill it is easily broken and this through no fault of material or
workmanship. We
are unable, therefore, to guarantee Javelins against breakage while in
use. We
guarantee only against defective material or workmanship, and in 95 cases out
of a 100 where a Javelin shaft is broken we have found it was the result of faulty
ulation or awkwardness on the part of the perfa
PIMPT ATTENTION
tNT COMMtNICtTlOIIS
Sinn TO I
A.G.SPALDING &. BROS. FOtCOMnniLISTOFSTORa
E INSIDE FIONT COVER
MD»B«DTfllS STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES OfTlilSBflfll
PrkM in effect , 6. 19tS. Subject to I

SUBSTITUTE ttUHE SPALDING TRADEMARK
SPALDING
VAULTING AND JUMP
STANDARDS
Substantially built and measure-
ments are clearly and correctly
marked.
No. 116. Graduated in half inches,
adjustable to 13 feet.
Complete, $15.00
VAULTING STANDARD No. 111. Inch graduation, 7 feet
high. . . . Complete, $9.00
Cross Bars
No. 212. Officially correct.
Hickory, . . Dozen, $6.00
No. C. Cord, with Weight Bags
at either end, for use on Vault-
ing Standard. . Each, $2.00
We supply everything needed

to fit out an athletic field in
proper shape, in addition to
everything needed by officials
in charge. Write us about

anything required but w^hich
is not shown in this catalogue.
We are the "official outfitters"
for all organized athletic bodies
in the United States.
PBOMPTAnENTIONGIVENTOl
(Nr COMMUNICATIONS A. G. SPALDING <Sc BROS. FOR COMPLETE [1ST OF STORES
SEE INSHIE FRONT COVER
ADDflESSEB TO US STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES OF THIS B00<
1 effect January S, 1915. Subject to For Canadian price* fee apecial Canadian Catalogue
l^niTni
SUBSTITUTE THE SPALDING TRADE-MARK -^rif
SPALDING VAULTING POLES
SPECIAL NOTE - It is our endeavor alw: Owing to differences
supply Athletic Exiuipment of the very hi _
in climatic conditions it
quality, and which is at the same time is impossible to keep
of the most satisfactory material and in Bamboo _
Vaulting Poles
beît possible manner for the from cracking. These cracks
tended. or season checks do not ap-
We have discontinued making Spruce preciably detract from the
Vaulting Poles because we find our- merits of the poles, except
selves unable to recommend their use where they are continuous.
owing to danger of breedcage and pos« Much of the real strength of the
aibility of serious injury to user. Bam- pole is in the joints. All of our tests
boo poles we do recommend, having would seem to prove that poles
proven to our satisfaction that they with season checks may be ac-
are superior for vaulting to poles cepted as safe and durable, except
made of any wood we know of, where the season check is wide open
and, furthermore, if they do and extends through several sections
break while in use, the diuiger on one side. Very frequently such splits
of personal injury is very or season checks can be entirely closed
remote. by placing the pole in a damp place for
a day or so.
Spalding Shoes for la*

door Jumping, Hurdling Spalding Indoor Bamboo Vaulting Poles
and Pole Vaulting Tape woundat short intervals. Thoroughly
are made with in- tested before leaving our factory. Fitted
side rubber heel to with special spike.
tcJc* up the jar. No. No.
lOBV. 10 ft. Ea..$4.00 I
14BV. 14 ft. Ea.,$6.00
12BV. 12 ft. " 5.00 16BV. 16 ft. " 6.00
Spalding Outdoor Bamboo Vaulting Poles

Tape wound at short intervals. Thoroughly tested
before leaving factory. Rounded end wound with cop-
per wire and soldered.
No. lOOBV. 10 ft. Ea., $4.00 I No. 104BV. 14 ft. Ea., $6.00
No. 102BV. 12 ft. " 5.00 No. 106BV. 16 ft. " 6.00
INDOOR POLE VAULTING BOARD

No. 117. Made up of sectional blocks
of wood placed on end so that spike
of vaulting pole will »ot split them.
bound in by heavy wood frame.
Complete, $16.0Q
PROMPT tmNTION GIVEN TO

ANr COMMUNICITIONS
I
A.G.SPALDING& BROS. [for COMPLETE LIST Of STORES
<DDflESStDT8US STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES OF THIS Boot
For ipecial Canadian Catalogue.

effect January 5. 191S. Subject to change without notice. < r
'
^g^'s?;rETHE:SPALDING TRADEMARK
Spalding "Official Olympic' Hurdle
Patented December 22, 1914
Three adjustment style. Exclusive Spalding model.
This hurdle is made so that it is instantly adjust-
able to the three different heights required in
hurdle races under various rules: 2 feet 6 inches,
3 feet, 3 feet 6 inches.
No, 31. Three adjustment. Pat. Dec. 22. 1914.
Each, $ 4.00
Set of forty 125.00
Spalding Lanes for Sprint Races
1 .
sS!l?E THE SPALDING!
No. S No. 1
Spalding Take-off Board Spalding Official Sacks for Sack Races

The Take-off Board is used (or the running broad jump, Strongly reii 3rced. will wear for a great length of time, and
»nd is a necessary adjunct to the athletic field. Regula- by their cor truction it is practically impossible for racers
lion size; painted White Each, $3.00 to work the feet free. These sacks are made in exact
xordance with official regulations
No. MS. M. n's Sack, reinforced, 3 ft. wide. Each. $1.S0
Spalding Toe Board or Stop Board
Used when pulling the lb-lb. shot, throwing weiRhts and Patent Steel Tape Chain on Patent Electric
discus, and is curved on the arc o( a 7-foot circle. Toe
Board, regulation size, painted >\'hite^nd substantially
Reel— For Measuring Distances in Athletic Competitions
made Each, $3.50 Superior steel about '4 inch wide. The reel allows the entire
tape open to dry and can be reeled and unreeled as easily
as tapes in cases. Especially adapted to lay off courses
Spalding Sector Flags and long measurements. Last foot only marked in inches.
U»ed for marking the sector within which shot, hammer, No.lB. lOOft.long. Ea.,$5.00iNo.lIB.200ft.long Ea,$7.S0
discus, etc. must be thrown.
No. S. Spalding Sector Flags, metal. Eacli, 75c.
. . .
Official Athletic Steel Measuring Tape
No. UIB. 300 feet long: has etched markings throughout;
Spalding Referees' Whistles feet.Tnches and eighths. Complete on reel, with con-
No. 7. Nickel-plated, heavy metal whistle. The most venient wood handle Each. $16.50
satisfactory and loudest of any Each. 35c.
No. 4. Horn Whistle, nickel-plated, heavy metal. " 75c. Patent "Angle" Steel Measuring Tape
No. 3. Nickel-plated, special deep tone. . .
" 25c. Especially adapted for laying off base ball diamonds, tennis
No. 2. Very reliable. Popular design. . . " 25c. courts and all kinds of athletic fields, both outdoors and
indoors. Right angles accurately determined also equally ;
good for straight or any kind of measuring. Enclosed in hard

Potato Race Equipment leather case, flush handles with patent automatic handle
Polutoes, official specifications. ... Set of eight, $2.50 opener; all mountings nickel-plated. Accuracy guaranteed.
Receptacle for potato race Each. 3.50
No. A. 50 feet long. -'s inch wide. . . . Each. $4.00
No. B. 100 feet long. ;'s inch wide. ... " 6.75
Official Harness for Three-Legged Racing
Made according to official rules. Complete set of straps for Spalding Stop Watches
fastening men, and -with extra straps for keeping fastenings
No.S. Combined Chronometer and Stop Watch, keeps ôod
required height in long distance races.
at time and in addition to regular hands has split second hand.
No. 1. Official Harness for Three-Legged Racing. Set. $2.50 A very satisfactory time-piece as well as a useful article
for athletes. Supplied on special orders only. Each. $15.00
Spalding Official Batons for Relay Races No. Stem winder, nickel-plated case, porcelain dial, regis-
1.
length and weight. tered to 60 sccond.s by 1-5 seconds, fly back engagmg and
No, X. Hollow wood. Correct size,
disengaging mechanism Each, $7.50
[FOR COMPUTE L;ST OF STORES

PR0MPTinENTI0N6IY!NT0|
ANT COMMUNICITIONS
AG.SPALDir SEE INSIDE fllOHT COVER
ADDRESSED TO IIS STORES IN ALL Of THIS 'Ml
Prices in effect January 5, 1915. Subject to change ' For Canadian prices see special Canadian Calalojj
s^8s?rTu?E THE SPALDING i iTRADE-MARKTr^/'
Spalding ''Olympic Championship** Running and Jumping Shoes
All of these shoes are hand made. Finest kangaroo
leather uppers and best white oak leather soles.
Spalding "Monitor" Sprint Running Spalding "Olympic Championship"

Sfioes Patent applied for. Short Distance Running Shoes
No. 3-0. Lightest running shoe No. 2-0. Extremely light and glove
made. Hand made spikes. Es- fitting. Hand made steel spikes.
pecially for 100 and 220 yards races. For short distances, especially 440
Strictly bench made throughout. and 880 yards and one mile races.
Pair, $6.00 Pair, $6.00
Spalding "Olympic Championship" Spalding "Olympic Championship"

t
Long Distance Running Shoes Hurdling Shoes
No. 14C. For long distance races No. 14F. Made on same last as our
on athletic tracks. Electric heels, Sprint Running Shoes. Hand made
flexible shanks. Hand made steel steel spikes. Perfect shoes foP
spikes in soles.. .No spikes in heels. hurdling. To order only. Not car-
Pair, $5.00 "
ried in stock. Pair, $6.00
PeOhSPTiTTlNTIGNGIVENTOl
ANY COMMUNICITIONS AG. SPALDING & BROS. FOilCOMPLETE LIST OF STORES
SEE INSIDE FHONT COVES
'iOORESSED 10 US iSTORESJN ALL LARGE CITIES '
OF THIS Boot
: J&auary 5. \9tS. Subject to ch«age without DQtic«.^ For Canadian price* see vpecial Canadian Catalogue
I
^^?[r!)?.
SUBSTITUTE THE SPALDING fTRADE-MARK™nr,f
Spalding ''Olympic Championship'* Running and Jumping Shoes
AU of these shoes are hand made. Finest kunK^ruo leather
Uppers and best while oak leather soles.
^^mm'
No. 14HR
Spalding "Olympic Championship" Jumping Shoes

No. 14H. Specially stiffened soles. Hand made steel spikes placed as
suggested by champion jumpers. Also correct shoes for shot putting,
weight and hammer throwing ^ Pair, $6.00 . . .
No. 14HR. High cut; style of 14H, -but rubber

heel inside to take off jar. . Pair, $7.50 . .
14VR N0.14W
No.
Spalding "Olympic Championship" Pole Vaulting Shoes

No. 14VR. High cut special last. Same as we supply to the record
holders. Hand made steel spikes in soles; one spike in heels.
Rubber
heel inside to take off jar. To order only. Not carried in stock. Pair
$7.00.
Shoes with one higlj and one low cut
On special orders we will supply Fole Vaulting:
shoe at no extra «iiurge.
Spalding "Olympic Championship" Walking Shoes
Pair, $5.00
No. 14W. For competition and match races
PROMPTtmilTIONSIYENTOI
»KT COMMUNIWTIOHS,
A.G.SPALDING <St BROS. FOR COMPUTE LIST OF STDIt£S
S{£ INSIDE FRONT COVEII
mmm to us STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES BF THIS Boot
1
: JaDiurj S. 1915. Subject tQ cbanga without i
^SSK. THE SPALDING
SUBSTITUTE iTRADE-MARK'^K^^
Spalding CO§g«32aJ?
Long Distance Running Shoes
No. M H. High cut but light in weight. Well finished inside so as not to
hurt the feet in a long race. Special leather soles, will not wear smooth;
light leather heels; black calfskin uppers. Hand sewed. Pair, $5.00 .
No. MO. Low cut. Blucher style. Otherwise same as No. MH. " 5.00
Spalding Spalding
Outdoor Running Shoes Outdoor Jumping Shoes
No. 10. Fine quality calfskin; light No. 14J. Calfskin; machine made.
in weight. Bench made. Steel Satisfactory quality; durable. Steel
spikes. Pair, $5.00 -^ $54.00 Doz. spikes. Pair $4.50 -^ $Ji8.00 Dos.
The uppers of all Running and Jumping Shoes should be kept soft and pliable by
using Spalding "Dri-Foot" Preparation. Can, 15 cents.
The prices printed in italics opposite items marked with if will lie quoted only on
orders for one-half do::en pairs or more. Quantity prices
NOT allojced on items NOT marked with •
PROMPT tnENTlON GIVEN TO
ANY COMMUNICATIONS
I
A. G. SPALDING &, BROS. FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES
AODBESSED TO US STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES OF THIS BOOH I
Pcicei ia effect Janiurjt S, 191 S. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian pricea tee •pecia] Canadian Caulogtte
SUBSTITUTE THE SPALDING t^ TRADE-MARK ''^
A
Spalding Outdoor Running Shoes
No. 11T. Calfskin, machine made; solid leather tap sole holds spikes
firmly in place Pair, $4.50 if$ ',8.00 Uoz.
No. 11. Chrome leather, machine made. . , " 3.50-^ 36.00 Doz.
Juvenile Outdoor Running Shoes
No. 12. Leather, good quality, complete with spikes. Sizes 12 to 5
only Pair, $3.00
Spalding Spalding
Indoor Running Shoes Indoor Jumping Shoes
No. 111. Calfskin, special corru- No. 210. Hand made. Calfskin up-
gated rubber soles, with spikes. pers;
soles, rubber rubber tap
Pair, $4.50 heels
Pair, $5.00
For Imloor Shoos, espeoially when the feet perspire, the uppers should be kept soft
and pliable with Spaldini; "Dri-Toot." It will extend tlie life of shoes. Can, 15c.
The prices printed in italic.i oppnHtle items marlced irith ic irill he Quoted only on
orders /or onr-hnlf dozen pairs or tnorc. Quantity prices
NOT alloiced on items NOT marked jrilh •
PNOMniTTlllTIONSIVlXTOI
kHI COMMIUICITIOKS A.G.SPALDING & BROS. FOUeOMrifTtUSIOfSTOIIES
EINSIKFBOKT COVED
' MPatSSM TD IIS STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES flFTHISBQOt
January S. 191S. Subj«cl to chanse without DOtice. For Ca

Spalding Indoor Running Shoes
No. 112S. Good leather uppers and

leather soles, short spikes.
Pair, $4.00-^ ^-i2.0() Doz.
No. 112. Good leather, rubber tap
soles. No spikes.
Pair, $3.50 -^ $39.00 Doz.
No. 114. Leather uppers; rubber
tap soles. No spikes.
Pair, $3.00 ^ $33.00 Doz.
Juvenile Indoor Running Shoes

No. 115. Leather, good quality,
without spikes. Sizes 12 to 5, only.
t^ Pair, $2.50
^, .
Chamois
lie prices printed in italics opposite items
larked with ir will be quoted only on orders for
Pushers
ne-half dozen pairs or more. Quantity prices
NOT allowed on items NOT marked with ir
Cork
Athletic
Grips No. 5. Fine Chamois skin. Should be used
with running, walking, jumping and other
To. 2. Best quality cork, athletic shoes, especially in long races or
ath elastic bands. Pr., 20c. during all-around competition. Pair, 25c.
To. 1. Selected cork, No. L. Specially prepared leather; suitable
haped. . . . Pair, 15c. for use with all athletic shoes. Pair, 25c.
PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO
'".saw
sSesKTHE SPALDING iTRADE-MARK'^Kf
SPALDING KNIT ATHLETIC SHIRTS
SPECIAL
ORDERS
All ^^rf li.ied
STOCK SIZES
No. lOE
Spalding Shirts, with Sash
Spalding Sleeveleu Shirts
Spalding Sleeveless Shirts io. 600D. Worsted, sleeveless, wt
No. lOE. Sleeveleu. Best quality
Carried in •lock in Cray.
No 600S. Worsted, with 6-inch stripe
worsted. Each. $2.00* X';.d^/5u
around chesi, carried in slock in (ollow-
While, Navy Blue. M.,oon. and Black.
ing combinations of colors: Navy with
Each. $2.00 -tr S.'/.U>/'o:.
White stripe. Black with Orange stripe.
No. 600. Worued. Carned in stock
Maroon with White stripe. Black with s No. 600S Not cai
in Ctsy. While. Navy Blue. Maroon.
Red stripe, Cray with Cardinal stripe. Each. $1.25* jV.; .J
u«l Bhelc Each. $1.50 -k SIS 00 /to-' Each. $1.75-4^ SIdi.OO Doz.
No. 700. Sfeeveles.. Womted. Ught
No 7003. Worsted, light weight. Six
weight. CMTied in stock ,n Cay. While.
inch stripe around chest- Color com-
Navy Blue, Maroon, and Black. binations similar to No. 600S. Special
Each. J 1.00 SI0..^Do2. * order only.
bOOS. . , . Each, 75c. *J«.î' Zip
No. 6E Sanitary collon Bleached
Each. $1.25 .A-jr/..-.57Z5^.-.
White, Navy Blue. Bkck, Maroon or No. 6ES. Spalding Full Sleeve Shirts
Sanitary cotton, solid color
Cray. . . Each. SOc if S5 40 Dcz.
.
body, with 6.inch stripe ctfound chest, No. 602. Good quality worsted. Sol
in same combinations of colors as No. colors. Special order only. Not
Spalding Quarter Sleeve Shirt* carric
No.eOl. Worsted. Carried in slock in 600S. Eath. 7Sc. *
iS.UI Doz. in stock. .^ Each. $2.25 * t^^ 00 Do.
Cray. White. Navy Blue. Maroon. Black. No 3D, Colion. Flesh, White. BUc
fjÂ.%\.lh-k SISVO Doz. Woven Necklace on Shirts Each. $1.00 * SIO.SO Dc
N0.6F. Sanitary collon. Bleached White. Nos. 600. 601 or 600S Shins, on special
Navy Blue, Black, Maroon or Gr«y. orders only, with necklace stitched on
E«ch,SOc. * JE5.WC«.
Spalding Rowing Shirt
No.YR. Sanitary Collon (Siarlet sleeve
Supplied in While with any color silk
bindinit around neck and sleeves and
down fionl On special order only
Eachtl -ih -k PJ^ Doz
No. IL
Spalding Leotards
No. 600V.
No. 600V. Worsted. Sleeveless V-neck. IL. Con^ athletic shirt
Supplied on special orders only, any as. Best

Supplied
color. • Each, $1.50 *
-V/.-i ;t^ /Air jr. special order onl
Each. $5.0
No. 600NV. Same as No. 600V, but any
twocolorsstriping around neck. Special No. lOL Good quality worsted. An
N0.6OINV. orders only Each $1.75* jVJ («'£l<>^. color. Supplied on special order onl'
No. 60INV. Worsled Quarter .leeve! No. 600N. Same as No. 600NV, but Each. $4.6
V-neck With
aiound neck and
stripes round instead of V-neck. Special orders
" No. 12L. Worsted. Supplied on sp<
sleeves. Supplied on special orders only.. . Each, $1.75 *,W.r"^Doz. cial orders only in any color. Ea. $3.0
only, one color body, two colors striping
(any colors) Each. $2.00 * -f- V 6^ /3«. J he prices prx marked xi'ilh wUl be quoted onl^
"if
No, 601N. Same as No 60INV, but On orders for one-half dozen or more c
round instead of V-neck- Special orders
ody. . E*ch,$i00*.f.V.6^r)«.
. PRICES SUBJECT TO CHANCE WTTHOUT ^*OTlCE.
PROMPTAnENT!0N6IYENT0|
ANY COMMUNICATIONS A. G.SPALDING &, BROS. FOR COMPUTE LIST OF STORES
SE£ IKSIDE FRONT COVEX

ADDHESSEPTOtH STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES OF mis BODI V-.
1 in eHoct Jumarjr 5, I91S. Subject to chui(e

SPALDING TIGHTS. TRUNKS AND WRESTLING EQUIPMENT
Spalding Knee Tights Spalding
No. lOB. Best quality Worsted Trunks
worsted. Stock colors:
Gray. White. Navy
Blue. Maroon, Black.
Pair. $2.00
ir S2I.60 Doz.
No. 604. Good quality harge. . Pair. $2.25
worsted. Stock colors: i
A- S24M Doz.
Gray. White. Navy io. 2. Good quality
Blue. Maroon, and
Black. Pair. $1.50 stock inNavy or Black,
•ks/s.oaoos. Pair,$1.00*-.ii7(^.<S?Z;a.
No. 4B. Sanitary cot. Other colors on special order a i
ton. Bleached While,

y Blue. Black. Velvet Trunks
No. lOB Maroon or Gray. No. 3. Fine velvet: Black.
Pair. SOc. if SSM Dz. Navy, Royal Blue. Mar.
Special colors to order, no'
Spalding Full Length Tights extra charge. Pair. $1.00
o. lA. Best worsted, full fashioned. Stock
Black. Navy. Maroon.
• SrO.SODoz^
)lors : Other colors on No.4. Sateen; Black. White.
>ecial order at no extra charge. Sizes: 28 to 42 Pair. SOc. -k SSM
Doz.
ch waist Pair, $5.00
o. WA. Special wrestling
full tights. Spe- Boys' Knee Pants
ally reinforced.Supplied on special order No.2B.BlueFlannel.
>ly Pair. $6.00 Y. M. C. A. Knee
o. 605. Good quality worsted. Stock colors: Pants, stripe down
ray. White. Navy, Maroon. Black. Othercolors side. Pair, $2.50
1 special order at no extra charge. Sizes: 28 to No. 148. Boys' Knee
! inch waist Pair, $3.00
'
Pants, same quality
o. 3A. Cotton, full quality. Wh.te. BUck, and as No. 4Y.M.C.A.
lesh. . . . Pair. $1.00 *•&'<?.«' ZJoj. trousers, stripe down
side. . Pair, $1.00
Spalding Y. M. C, A. Trousers -kS/O.SODoz.
lo. 2. Men's Leaders. Blue or Gray flannel, stripe down
side Pair, $3.50
^
___-.
^_„^ _-..-. ,rT
, No.
No. 4.
3. Flannel, ofgood quality "
Flannel. Vû.i\.lZ-kSI8.90 Doz
3.00
r
Spalding Special Combined
Wrestling Supporter and Belt
No. WS. Mercerized silk elastic, strong
^nd durable Each. $2.00
^^
Spalding Special Pads for Wrestling
TobeSewnon WrestlingTiehts No.B Nob. 61 and 62
No.B. Soft tanned horse hide cover.hair felt padding. Pair.7Sc.
No. 62. Tan leather, padded " 50c.
No. 6 1. Cloth covered, padded. .
" 25c.
Spalding Running Pants— Fly Front, Laced Back /

SpeclFr Si» and Color When Ordering i
No. 1. White or Black Sateen. Pair. $1.25* J/J.T^Znj.

. ;
No. 2. White or Black Sateen. - - ISXiir /O.SO "

No. 3. White or Black Sateen. " .75* S./f-? " ! t
No. 4. White. Black or Gray Twill. •• .SO* -" SM ']

}
13 No. 4. but ip juvenile sizes only, not !('
Pair. 45c. Ij
Silk Ribbon Stripes down sides
W r
'^ of any of these running pants.
Pair, extra. 25c *Ji'.7iS'£li>2
prices printed in italics opposite items

SilkRibbonStnpearoundwaist
onany of these running pant:.
Pvr, exlra^25c. *
J2. 7t' /Pffz.
marked mith * wilt be quoted only en orders for one-half do

I
'
,
'
at one time. Quantity prices NOT allowed on items N6T marked with *
PROMPT AnENTION GIVEN TO

^ ^Nr COMMUNICtTIONS
I
A. G. SPALDING & BROS. FOR COMPLETE LIST Of STORES
SEE INSWE FRONT COVF« I
ADDBESSED TO US STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES OF THIS BOOK * .
PrtCM in effect January 5. 1915^ Subje For Canadian prices see special Canadian Catalogue.
fuMSTHE SPALDING TRADEMARK
SPALDING OFFICIAL BASKET BALL

OFFICIALLY ADOPTED AND STANDARD
Cover is made in four
sections, with capless
ends,and of finest and
most carefully selected
pebble grain leather,
special tanned. Extra
heavy bladder, made
especially for this ball,
of extra quality pure
Para rubber (not com-
pounded). Each ball
packed complete, in
sealed box, with raw-
hide lace and lacing
needle, and guaranteed
perfect in every detail.
To provide that all
official contests may be
held under absolutely
fair and uniform con-
ditions, it is stipulated
that this ball must be
used in all match games
of either men's or
women's teams.
No. M. Spalding Official Basket Bali. Each, $6.00
WL
\T/P PI lAR AMTFP
UU/\K/\1N 1 LL
this ball to be perfect in material and workmanship
^^j ^^^^^^j i„ gj^gp^ 3„j size when inspected at our
factory. If discovered during the first same in which it is used, or during
any defect is
the first day's practice use, and, if returned at once, we will replace same under this
guarantee. We
do rot guarantee againt ordinary wear nor against defect in shape or
size that is not discovered immediately after the first day's use. Owing to the superb
quality of our No. M
Basket Bail, our customers have grown to expect a season's use
of one ball, and at times make unreasonable clciims under our guarantee, which we
will not allow. A. G. SPALDING & BROS.
PIOHPTtTTEMTIONeiVENTe
(NT COUHOmCATlONS
A. G. SPALDING & BROS; I
FOR CCMPLETE LIST OF STORES
lEE INSIDE FRONT CO»EP
IDOIIESSEDTOUS STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES OF THIS eooi
{Prioi in e/fc«J January S. 1915. Subjecl lo change without i For Canadian (

A Standard Quality must be inseparably linked to a Standard Policy.
Without a definite and Standard Mercantile Policy, it is impossible for a
Manufacturer to long maintain a Standard Quality.
To market his goods through the jobber, a manufacturer must provide a
profit for the jobber as well as for the retail dealer. To meet these conditions
of Dual Profits, the manufacturer is obliged to set a proportionately high list
price on his goods to the consumer.
To enable the glib salesman, vyrhen booking his orders, to figure out
attractive profits to both the jobber and retailer, these high list prices are
absolutely essential; but their real purpose will have been served when the
manufacturer has secured his order from the jobber, and the jobber has secured
his order from the retailer.
However, these deceptive high list prices are not fair to the consunier, who
does not, and, in reality, is not ever expected to pay these fancy list prices.
When the season opens for the sale of such goods, with their misleading
but alluring high list prices, the retailer begins to realize hisresponsibilities, and
grapples with the situation as best he can, by offering "special discounts,"
which vary with local trade conditions.
Under this system of merchandising, the profits to both the nianufacturer
and the jobber are assured but as there is no stability maintained in the prices
;
to the consumer, the keen competition amongst the local dealers invariably
leads to a demoralized cutting of prices by which the profits of the retailer are
practically eliminated. _, , ,
This demoralization always reacts on the manufacturer. The jobber insists
on lower, and still lower, prices. The manufacturer, in his turn, meets this
demand for the lowering of prices by the only way open to him, viz.: the cheap-
ening and degrading of the quality of his product.
The foregoing conditions became so intolerable that 16 years ago, in 899, 1
A. G. Spalding & Bros, determined to rectify this demoralization in the Athletic

Goods Trade, and inaugurated what has since become known as " The Spalding
Policy."
"The Spalding Policy" eliminates the jobber entirely, so far as Spalding
Goods are concerned, and the retail dealer secures the supply of Spalding
Athletic Goods direct from the manufacturer by which the retail dealer is
assured a fair and legitimate profit on all Spalding Athletic Goods, and the
consumer is assured a Standard Quality and is protected from imposition.
"The Spalding Policy" is decidedly for the interest and protection of the
users of Athletic Goods, and acts in two ways :
First.— The user is assured of genuine OfHcial Standard Athletic Goods.

Second.— As manufacturers, we can proceed with confidence in
purchasing at tl- proper time, the very best raw materials required
in the manufai ture of our various goods, well ahead of their
respective seasons, and this enables us to provide the necessary
quantity and absolutely maintain the Spalding Standard of Quality.
All retail dealers handling Spalding Athletic Goods are requested to supply
consumers at our regular printed catalogue prices — neither more nor less— the same
prices that similar goods are sold for in our New York, Chicago and other stores.
All Spalding dealers, as well as users of Spalding Athletic Goods, are treated
exactly alike, and no special rebates or discriminations are eJlowed to anyone.
This briefly, is "The Spalding Policy," which has already been in successful
operation for the past 16 years, and will be indefinitely continued.
In other words, "The Spalding Policy" is a "square deal" for everybody.
A. G. SPALDING & BROS.
By (Z^.iJfi^^^^^*^^'
PBSSIOIHT. ^^
standard Quality
An article that is universally given the appellation "Standard" is thereby
conceded to be the criterion, to virhich are compared all other things oLa similar
nature. For instance, the Gold Dollar of the United States is the Standard unit
of currency, because it must legally contain a specific proportion of pure gold,
and the fact of its being Genuine is guaranteed by the Government Stamp
thereon. As a protection to the users of this currency against counterfeiting and
other tricks, considerablemoney is expended in maintaining a Secret Service
Bureau of Experts. Under the lavf, citizen manufacturers must depend to a
great extent upon Trade-Marks and similar devices to protect themselves against
counterfeit products— without the aid of "Government Detectives" or "Public
Opinion" to assist them.
Consequently the "Consumer's Protection" against misrepresentation and
"inferior quality" rests entirely upon the integrity and responsibility of the
" Manufacturer."
A. G. Spalding & Bros, have, by their rigorous attention to "Quality," for

thirty-nine years,caused their Trade-Mark to become known throughout
the world as a Guarantee of Qyality as dependable in their field as the
U. S. Currency is in its field.
The necessity of upholding the Guarantee of the Spalding Trade-Mark and

maintaining the Standard Quality of their Athletic Goods, is, therefore, as obvi-
ous as is the necessity of the Government in maintaining a Standard Currency.
Thus each consumer is not only insuring himself but also protecting other
consumers when he assists a Reliable Manufacturer in upholding his Trade-
Mark and all that it stands for. Therefore, we urge all users of our Athletic
Goods to assist us in maintaining the Spalding Standard of Elxcellence, by
insisting that our Trade-Mark be plainly stamped on all athletic goods which
they buy, because without this precaution our best efforts towards maintaining
Standard Qyality and preventing fraudulent substitution will be ineffectual.
Manufacturers of Standard Articles invariably suffer the reputation of being
high-priced, and this sentiment is fostered and emphasized by makers of
" inferior goods," with whom low prices are the main consideration.
A manufacturer of recognized Standard Goods, with a reputation to uphold
and a guarantee to protect must necessarily have higher prices than a manufac-
turer'of cheap goods, whose idea of and basis of a claim for Standard Quality
depends principally upon the eloquence of the salesman.
We know from experience that there is no quicksand more unstable than
poverty in qualityândwe avoid this quicksand by Standard Quality.
f/^?<Û^
'<î^
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS
^PALD Pllf 006 010 351 3

^
A separate book covers every Athletic Sport
and is Official and Standard
Price 10 cj^nts each
GRAND PRIZ
lEâ^j
ATHLETIC GOODS
ARE THE STANDARD OF THE WORLD
A.G. Spalding ® Bros.
'he FOLLOWING
NEW YORK CHICAGO ST.L0UI.5
BOSTON MILWAUKEE KANSAS CITY
PHILADELPHIA DETROIT SAN FRANXISCO
NEWARK CINCINNATI LOS ANGELES
ALBANY CLEVELAND
SEATTLE
BUFFALO COLUMBUS
SALT LAKE CITY
SYRACUSE ROCHESTER INDIANAPOLIS PORTLAND
BALTIMORE WASHINGTON PITTS BURGH M NNEAPOLI S 1
LONDON. ENGLAND ATLANTA ST PAUL

LIVERPOOL. ENGLAND LOUISVILLE DENVER
BIRMINGHAM. ENGLAND N ^ ORLEANS DALLAS
MANCHESTER. ENGLAND MONTREAL. CANADA
BRISTOL. ENGLAND ' TORONTO. CANADA
EDINBURGH. SCOTLAND PARIvS, FRANCE
GLASGOW. SCOTLAND SYDNEY. AUSTRALIA
NEW^YORK CHICAGO) SABT FRANCfSCO CHICOPEE. MASS.

BROOKLYN BOSTON PHILADELPHIA LONDON, ENG.

(1915) Handbook of The Amateur Athletic Union

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^ American Sports Publishing

PITTSBURGH PA DETROIT. MICH. ST. LOUIS. MO.

LOUISVILLE. KY. MILWAUi^E, WIS.

ROCHESTER. N Y ATLANTA. GA. DENVER. COL.

LONDON' ENGLAND MANCHESTER. ENG. MONTREAL, P. Q.

y The Spalding Policy \4 'M/i^^^^j^-' H The Spalding Guarantee '

Team Group VII. Basket Ball

How to Umpire a Game No. 7 Spalding's Official Basket Ball

ANY OF THE ABOVE BOOKS MAILED POSTPAID UPON RECEIPT OF 10 CENTS

Spalding ''Green Cover" Primer Series

ANY OF THE ABOVE BOOKS MAILED POSTPAID UPON RECEIPT OF 10 CENTS

'Published annually. u-u-i4

Official Athletic Rules

Constitution, By-Laws, General and Athletic

Articles of Alliance with Allied Members.

Copyright, 1915, by American Sports Publishing Company.

With Military Athletic Leagne 124

With National Cycling Association 125

With Federation of American Motorcyclists 128

With Union Internationale des Societies Sportives Egyptiennes 130

With United States of America Foot Ball Association 131

Form of Constitution for Active Associations 136

Form of By-Laws for Active Associations 142

When an Amateur Becomes a Professional 146

Form of Club Application for Membership in an Association of the A. A. U. ir>?

JUL "3 191,5

SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY^

At the annual meeting of the Amateur Athletic Union of the

Congress held in Paris, from June 13 to June 24, and will be m

"The Committeeappointed by the International Amateur

At the annual meeting of the Amateur Athletic Union of the

Resolved, That the rules of athletics be referred to a .

committee for the purpose of preparing same, in view of

SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRART. 5

President Alfred J. Lill, Jr., then appointed the following

(12) Athletic Rule XXIX —

Amateur Athletic Union

H. Obertubbesing 340 West 51st Street, New York

C. S. Stephens 401 North Broadway, St. Louis, Mo.

Joseph B. Maccabe Argus Advocate, East Boston, Mass.

J.F. Soper Box 617, Honolulu, T. H.

Sam C. Austin 69 West 66th Street, New York

Active Association Members.

Holding Membership In.

International Amateur Swimming Federation (Federation

Amateur Athletic Union

This organization shall be known as the Amateur Athletic

12 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRAKT.

to Metropolitan Association, August, 1905.

Columbiana and Belmont Counties, Ohio (taken from Central

Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa, Minnesota; Kentucky (Powell and

Clair County, III, transferred from Central Association to West-

Secretary-Treasurer of the Union, (b) That such membership

the Board of Governors and of the National Registration Com-

members in good standing of clubs belonging to such member,

gates, provided a like number of delegates be at the same time