DIgSILENT TechRef Common Impedance

DIgSILENT PowerFactory
Technical Reference Documentation
Common Impedance
ElmZpu
DIgSILENT GmbH
Heinrich-Hertz-Str. 9
72810 - Gomaringen
Germany
T: +49 7072 9168 0

F: +49 7072 9168 88
http://www.digsilent.de
info@digsilent.de
Version: 2016
Edition: 1
Copyright 2016, DIgSILENT GmbH. Copyright of this document belongs to DIgSILENT GmbH.
No part of this document may be reproduced, copied, or transmitted in any form, by any means
electronic or mechanical, without the prior written permission of DIgSILENT GmbH.
Common Impedance (ElmZpu) 1

Contents
Contents
1 General Description 3
1.1 Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2 Input Parameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.2.1 Basic Data and Load-flow, Simulation and Full Short-circuit parameter . . 4
1.2.2 Basic Data and VDE/IEC and ANSI short-circuit parameter . . . . . . . . 5
List of Figures 6
List of Tables 7

1 General Description
1.1 Models
The Common Impedance is a per unit impedance model including an ideal transformer. The
main usage is for branches used for network reduction. The transformer ratio is equivalent to the
nominal voltage of the connected busbars. Figure 1.1 shows the model for absolute impedance.
Figure 1.2 shows the model for p.u. impedance.
Figure 1.1: Common impedance positive, negative and zero-sequence model in ohm, absolute
values
Figure 1.2: Common impedance positive, negative and zero-sequence model in p.u.
U ni and U nj are the nominal voltage of the connected busbars in kV.
The following equations in p.u. are used:
ui uj = z ij ii
uj ui = z ji ij
with
z ij = rij pu + jxij pu
z ji = rji pu + jxji pu
The corresponding impedance in ohm seems from connection side i is calculated according to:
U n2i
Z ij = (rij pu + jxij pu)
Sn

from connection side j:
U n2j
Z ji = (rji pu + jxji pu)
Sn
with
U ni , U nj Nominal busbar voltage of side i and side j

Sn Nominal power in MVA of common impedance
For the short-circuit calculation method IEC/VDE and ANSI it is possible to use different impedances
as for the load flow calculation and the complete short-circuit method (see option: Use same
impedance as for load-flow ). Further is it possible to insert different impedances for Zij and
Zji (see option: Use equal Impedances (zij = zji) ).
The zero-sequence impedance can be inserted separately. If the option Use same Impedance
z2=z1 is enabled, when is the negative sequence impedance equal to the positive-sequence
impedance.
1.2 Input Parameter
1.2.1 Basic Data and Load-flow, Simulation and Full Short-circuit parameter
Table 1.1: Input Parameters of the Common Impedance
Parameter Description Unit

Sn Nominal Power MVA
nphases No. of phases ( 3phase or 1phase 1 or 3
model )
iequalz Use equal impedances zij = zji enable/disable
r pu, x pu Positive-sequence impedances from p.u.
i-j
r pu ji, x pu ji Positive-sequence impedances from p.u.
j-i
r0 pu, x0 pu Zero-sequence impedances from i-j p.u.
r0 pu ji, x0 pu ji Zero -sequence impedances from j-i p.u.
iz2eqz1 Use Impedance z2 = z1 enable/disable
r2 pu, x2 pu Negative-sequence impedances from p.u.
i-j
r2 pu ji, x2 pu ji Negative-sequence impedances from p.u.
j-i

1.2.2 Basic Data and VDE/IEC and ANSI short-circuit parameter
Table 1.2: Input Parameters of the Basic Data Page

Sn Nominal Power MVA
nphases No. of phases ( 3phase or 1phase 1 or 3
model )
iZshc Use same impedance as for load-flow enable/disable
If the option Use same impedance as for load-flow is disabled the following additional parame-
ters are used:
Table 1.3: Input Parameters of the Load-Flow Model

rs pu, xs pu Positive-sequence impedances from p.u.
i-j
rs pu ji, xs pu ji Positive-sequence impedances from p.u.
j-i
r0s pu, x0s pu Zero-sequence impedances from i-j p.u.
r0s pu ji, x0s pu ji Zero -sequence impedances from j-i p.u.
r2s pu, x2s pu Negative-sequence impedances from p.u.
i-j
r2s pu ji, x2s pu ji Negative-sequence impedances from p.u.
j-i

List of Figures
List of Figures
1.1 Common impedance positive, negative and zero-sequence model in ohm, abso-
lute values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2 Common impedance positive, negative and zero-sequence model in p.u. . . . . . 3

List of Tables
List of Tables
1.1 Input Parameters of the Common Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.2 Input Parameters of the Basic Data Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.3 Input Parameters of the Load-Flow Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

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DIgSILENT PowerFactory

Technical Reference Documentation

T: +49 7072 9168 0

Common Impedance (ElmZpu) 1

1.2 Input Parameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

1.2.2 Basic Data and VDE/IEC and ANSI short-circuit parameter . . . . . . . . 5

Common Impedance (ElmZpu) 2

U ni and U nj are the nominal voltage of the connected busbars in kV.

The following equations in p.u. are used:

Common Impedance (ElmZpu) 3

from connection side j:

U ni , U nj Nominal busbar voltage of side i and side j

1.2 Input Parameter

Table 1.1: Input Parameters of the Common Impedance

Parameter Description Unit

Common Impedance (ElmZpu) 4

1.2.2 Basic Data and VDE/IEC and ANSI short-circuit parameter

Table 1.2: Input Parameters of the Basic Data Page

Parameter Description Unit

Table 1.3: Input Parameters of the Load-Flow Model

Parameter Description Unit

Common Impedance (ElmZpu) 5

1.2 Common impedance positive, negative and zero-sequence model in p.u. . . . . . 3

Common Impedance (ElmZpu) 6

1.1 Input Parameters of the Common Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

1.2 Input Parameters of the Basic Data Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

1.3 Input Parameters of the Load-Flow Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Common Impedance (ElmZpu) 7

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