Array in Java

Array in Java
Normally, array is a collection of similar type of elements that have contiguous memory location.
In java, array is an object the contains elements of similar data type. It is a data structure where
we store similar elements. We can store only fixed elements in an array.
Array is index based, first element of the array is stored at 0 index.
Advantage of Array
Code Optimization: It makes the code optimized, we can retrieve or sort the data easily.
Random access: We can get any data located at any index position.
Disadvantage of Array
Size Limit: We can store only fixed size of elements in the array. It doesn't grow its size
at runtime. To solve this problem, collection framework is used in java.
Types of Array
There are two types of array.
Single Dimensional Array
Multidimensional Array
Single Dimensional Array

Syntax to Declare an Array in java
1. dataType[] arrayRefVar; (or)
2. dataType []arrayRefVar; (or)
3. dataType arrayRefVar[];
Instantiation of an Array in java
1. arrayRefVar=new datatype[size];
Example of single dimensional java array
Let's see the simple example of java array, where we are going to declare, instantiate, initialize
and traverse an array.
1. class B{
2. public static void main(String args[]){
3.
4. int a[]=new int[5];//declaration and instantiation
5. a[0]=10;//initialization
6. a[1]=20;
7. a[2]=70;
8. a[3]=40;
9. a[4]=50;
10.
11. //printing array
12. for(int i=0;i<a.length;i++)//length is the property of array
13. System.out.println(a[i]);
14.
15. }}
Output: 10
20
70
40
50
Declaration, Instantiation and Initialization of Java Array
We can declare, instantiate and initialize the java array together by:
1. int a[]={33,3,4,5};//declaration, instantiation and initialization
Let's see the simple example to print this array.
1. class B{
3.
4. int a[]={33,3,4,5};//declaration, instantiation and initialization
5.
6. //printing array
7. for(int i=0;i<a.length;i++)//length is the property of array
8. System.out.println(a[i]);
9.
10. }}
Output:33
3
4
5
Passing Java Array in the method
We can pass the array in the method so that we can reuse the same logic on any array.
Let's see the simple example to get minimum number of an array using method.
1. class B{
2. static void min(int arr[]){
3. int min=arr[0];
4. for(int i=1;i<arr.length;i++)
5. if(min>arr[i])
6. min=arr[i];
7.
8. System.out.println(min);
9. }
10.
12.
13. int a[]={33,3,4,5};
14. min(a);//passing array in the method
15.
16. }}
Output:3
Multidimensional array
In such case, data is stored in row and column based index (also known as matrix form).
Syntax to Declare Multidimensional Array in java
1. dataType[][] arrayRefVar; (or)
2. dataType [][]arrayRefVar; (or)
3. dataType arrayRefVar[][]; (or)

4. dataType []arrayRefVar[];
Example to instantiate Multidimensional Array in java
1. int[][] arr=new int[3][3];//3 row and 3 column
Example to initialize Multidimensional Array in java
1. arr[0][0]=1;
2. arr[0][1]=2;
3. arr[0][2]=3;
4. arr[1][0]=4;
5. arr[1][1]=5;
6. arr[1][2]=6;
7. arr[2][0]=7;
8. arr[2][1]=8;
9. arr[2][2]=9;
Example of Multidimensional java array
Let's see the simple example to declare, instantiate, initialize and print the 2Dimensional array.
1. class B{
3.
4. //declaring and initializing 2D array
5. int arr[][]={{1,2,3},{2,4,5},{4,4,5}};
6.
7. //printing 2D array
8. for(int i=0;i<3;i++){
9. for(int j=0;j<3;j++){
10. System.out.print(arr[i][j]+" ");
11. }
12. System.out.println();
13. }
14.
15. }}
Output:1 2 3
2 4 5
4 4 5
What is class name of java array?
In java, array is an object. For array object, an proxy class is created whose name can be
obtained by getClass().getName() method on the object.
1. class B{
3.
4. int arr[]={4,4,5};
5.
6. Class c=arr.getClass();
7. String name=c.getName();
8.
9. System.out.println(name);
10.
11. }}
Output:I
Copying an array
We can copy an array to another by the arraycopy method of System class.
Syntax of arraycopy method
1. public static void arraycopy(
2. Object src, int srcPos,Object dest, int destPos, int length
3. )
Example of arraycopy method
1. class ArrayCopyDemo {
2. public static void main(String[] args) {
3. char[] copyFrom = { 'd', 'e', 'c', 'a', 'f', 'f', 'e',
4. 'i', 'n', 'a', 't', 'e', 'd' };
5. char[] copyTo = new char[7];
6.
7. System.arraycopy(copyFrom, 2, copyTo, 0, 7);
8. System.out.println(new String(copyTo));
9. }
10. }
Output:caffein
Addition 2 matrices
Let's see a simple example that adds two matrices.
1. class AE{

3. //creating two matrices
4. int a[][]={{1,3,4},{3,4,5}};
5. int b[][]={{1,3,4},{3,4,5}};
6.
7. //creating another matrix to store the sum of two matrices
8. int c[][]=new int[2][3];
9.
10. //adding and printing addition of 2 matrices
11. for(int i=0;i<2;i++){
12. for(int j=0;j<3;j++){
13. c[i][j]=a[i][j]+b[i][j];
14. System.out.print(c[i][j]+" ");
15. }
16. System.out.println();//new line
17. }
18.
19. }}
Output:2 6 8
6 8 10

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What are the different types of arrays in Java?

What are the different types of arrays in Java?

How do you pass an array as a parameter in a method in Java?

How do you pass an array as a parameter in a method in Java?

Array in Java

Array is index based, first element of the array is stored at 0 index.

There are two types of array.

Single Dimensional Array

Single Dimensional Array

1. dataType[] arrayRefVar; (or)

2. dataType []arrayRefVar; (or)

Instantiation of an Array in java

Example of single dimensional java array

2. public static void main(String args[]){

4. int a[]=new int[5];//declaration and instantiation

11. //printing array

12. for(int i=0;i<a.length;i++)//length is the property of array

Declaration, Instantiation and Initialization of Java Array

1. int a[]={33,3,4,5};//declaration, instantiation and initialization

Let's see the simple example to print this array.

2. public static void main(String args[]){

4. int a[]={33,3,4,5};//declaration, instantiation and initialization

7. for(int i=0;i<a.length;i++)//length is the property of array

Passing Java Array in the method

2. static void min(int arr[]){

11. public static void main(String args[]){

13. int a[]={33,3,4,5};

14. min(a);//passing array in the method

Syntax to Declare Multidimensional Array in java

1. dataType[][] arrayRefVar; (or)

2. dataType [][]arrayRefVar; (or)

3. dataType arrayRefVar[][]; (or)

Example to instantiate Multidimensional Array in java

1. int[][] arr=new int[3][3];//3 row and 3 column

Example to initialize Multidimensional Array in java

Example of Multidimensional java array

2. public static void main(String args[]){

4. //declaring and initializing 2D array

10. System.out.print(arr[i][j]+" ");

What is class name of java array?

2. public static void main(String args[]){

We can copy an array to another by the arraycopy method of System class.

Syntax of arraycopy method

1. public static void arraycopy(

2. Object src, int srcPos,Object dest, int destPos, int length

Example of arraycopy method

2. public static void main(String[] args) {

3. char[] copyFrom = { 'd', 'e', 'c', 'a', 'f', 'f', 'e',

4. 'i', 'n', 'a', 't', 'e', 'd' };

5. char[] copyTo = new char[7];

7. System.arraycopy(copyFrom, 2, copyTo, 0, 7);

Let's see a simple example that adds two matrices.

2. public static void main(String args[]){

7. //creating another matrix to store the sum of two matrices

8. int c[][]=new int[2][3];

10. //adding and printing addition of 2 matrices

11. for(int i=0;i<2;i++){

12. for(int j=0;j<3;j++){

14. System.out.print(c[i][j]+" ");