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    Arduino Structure

    Uploaded by

    Ahmad Almasri
    This document provides information about microcontrollers and the Arduino development board. It discusses that a microcontroller is a small, low-cost computer on a single chip containing a processor, memory, and input/output. It can be embedded inside devices to control them. The document then describes the internal structure of microcontrollers and how development boards like Arduino facilitate working with particular microcontrollers by providing interfaces, basic inputs and outputs, and programming capabilities. It provides an overview of using Arduino boards, their components, and how to get started with the Arduino integrated development environment.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Arduino Structure

    Uploaded by

    Ahmad Almasri
    188 views37 pages
    This document provides information about microcontrollers and the Arduino development board. It discusses that a microcontroller is a small, low-cost computer on a single chip containing a processor, memory, and input/output. It can be embedded inside devices to control them. The document then describes the internal structure of microcontrollers and how development boards like Arduino facilitate working with particular microcontrollers by providing interfaces, basic inputs and outputs, and programming capabilities. It provides an overview of using Arduino boards, their components, and how to get started with the Arduino integrated development environment.

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    Arduino Structure

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    This document provides information about microcontrollers and the Arduino development board. It discusses that a microcontroller is a small, low-cost computer on a single chip containing a processor, memory, and input/output. It can be embedded inside devices to control them. The document then describes the internal structure of microcontrollers and how development boards like Arduino facilitate working with particular microcontrollers by providing interfaces, basic inputs and outputs, and programming capabilities. It provides an overview of using Arduino boards, their components, and how to get started with the Arduino integrated development environment.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    188 views37 pages

    Arduino Structure

    Uploaded by

    Ahmad Almasri
    This document provides information about microcontrollers and the Arduino development board. It discusses that a microcontroller is a small, low-cost computer on a single chip containing a processor, memory, and input/output. It can be embedded inside devices to control them. The document then describes the internal structure of microcontrollers and how development boards like Arduino facilitate working with particular microcontrollers by providing interfaces, basic inputs and outputs, and programming capabilities. It provides an overview of using Arduino boards, their components, and how to get started with the Arduino integrated development environment.

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    Faculty Of Engineering

    Mechanical Engineering

    ME 425
    Microcontroller Structure

    Dr. Laith Sawaqed


    UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAM
    Fall Semester
    2016
    What is a Microcontroller?

    www.mikroe.com/chapters/view/1

    A small computer on a single chip


    containing a processor, memory, and input/output
    Typically "embedded" inside some device that they control
    A microcontroller is often small and low cost.
    Faculty Of Engineering 2
    Mechanical Engineering
    Microcontroller Internal Structure

    http://www.electronicshub.org/pic-microcontroller-architecture/

    Faculty Of Engineering 3
    Mechanical Engineering
    What is a Microcontroller?

    Faculty Of Engineering 4
    Mechanical Engineering
    What is a Development Board?
    A printed circuit board designed
    to facilitate work with a particular
    microcontroller.

    Typical components include:


    power circuit
    programming interface
    basic input; usually buttons and LEDs
    I/O pins
    Faculty Of Engineering 5
    Mechanical Engineering
    Why Arduino?
    Easy to use platform
    Ease of programming
    Simple USB interface
    Modifiable IDE
    Many shields available

    Faculty Of Engineering 6
    Mechanical Engineering
    The Many Flavors of Arduino:

    Many Flavors of Arduino


    Arduino Uno
    Arduino Leonardo
    Arduino LilyPad
    Arduino Mega
    Arduino Nano
    Arduino Mini
    Arduino Mini Pro
    Arduino BT
    Faculty Of Engineering 7
    Mechanical Engineering
    Arduino-like Systems:

    Cortino (ARM)
    Xduino (ARM)
    LeafLabs Maple (ARM)
    BeagleBoard (Linux)
    Wiring Board (Arduino predecessor)
    ChipKit Uno32/Max32
    Faculty Of Engineering 8
    Mechanical Engineering
    Arduino Add-ons (Shields):

    TFT Touch Screen


    Data logger
    Motor/Servo shield
    Ethernet shield
    Audio wave shield
    Cellular/GSM shield
    WiFi shield
    Proto-shield
    ...many more

    Faculty Of Engineering 9
    Mechanical Engineering
    Components of the Arduino:
    ATMega168/328
    16MHz crystal/filtering
    capacitors
    Onboard power
    regulators
    FTDI USB <-> Serial
    Chip
    Hardware

    Faculty Of Engineering 10
    Mechanical Engineering
    Where to Get an Arduino
    Board:
    Purchase from online
    vendor (available
    worldwide)
    Sparkfun
    Adafruit
    DFRobot

    ... or build your own


    PC board
    Solderless breadboard http://itp.nyu.edu/physcomp/Tutorials/ArduinoBreadboard

    Faculty Of Engineering 11
    Mechanical Engineering
    Schematic

    Faculty Of Engineering 12
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    Necessary parts for any circuit
    ATMega168/328
    The brain of the
    Arduino
    Program is loaded onto
    the chip
    Runs main loop until
    power is removed
    Thats it! All other parts
    are optional!

    Faculty Of Engineering 13
    Mechanical Engineering
    Optional parts: Timing
    16Mhz Crystal
    The heartbeat of the
    ATMega chip
    Speed of crystal
    determines chip speed
    Possible to
    over/underclock
    depending on application
    ATMega series has
    onboard oscillator; less
    precise

    Faculty Of Engineering 14
    Mechanical Engineering
    Power Supply
    5 Volt and 3.3 Volt
    Regulators
    Filtering capacitors
    Automatic switching
    between external and
    USB Power
    Leave it out if you have
    a filtered 5 Volt power
    supply

    Faculty Of Engineering 15
    Mechanical Engineering
    FTDI USB Chip
    Allows your Arduino to
    communicate with your
    computer over a simple
    USB link
    Abstraction
    Only necessary for
    communicating with
    USB

    Faculty Of Engineering 16
    Mechanical Engineering
    Hardware
    Circuit Board
    Headers
    USB port
    Sockets
    All optional, use them
    if you need them

    Faculty Of Engineering 17
    Mechanical Engineering
    The Arduino Development Board

    Input voltage: 7-12 V (USB, DC plug, or Vin)


    Max output current per pin: 40 mA
    Faculty Of Engineering 18
    Mechanical Engineering
    The Arduino Microcontroller:
    Atmel ARV Atmega 328

    Faculty Of Engineering 19
    Mechanical Engineering
    How to work with Arduino?

    Faculty Of Engineering 20 www.todbot.com/blog/bionicarduino


    Mechanical Engineering
    Two methods of using the
    Arduino
    Working with the Prototyping with the
    Arduino to solve a Arduino to solve a need
    problem Preparing a product for
    Temporary solution market
    One time only Mass production

    Faculty Of Engineering 21
    Mechanical Engineering
    Phases of Circuit Design
    Arduino Approach Stand-alone approach
    Idea Idea
    Sketch Sketch
    Read datasheets Read datasheets
    Gather materials Gather materials
    Prototype Prototype
    Testing Testing
    Optional ----------------> Refining
    Testing
    Release to manufacture

    Faculty Of Engineering 22
    Mechanical Engineering
    Getting Started
    Check out: http://arduino.cc/en/Guide/HomePage

    1. Download & install the Arduino environment (Integrated


    Development Environment = IDE)
    2. Connect the board to your computer via the UBS cable
    3. If needed, install the drivers (not needed in lab)
    4. Launch the Arduino IDE
    5. Select your board
    6. Select your serial port
    7. Open the blink example
    8. Upload the program
    Faculty Of Engineering 23
    Mechanical Engineering
    Try It: Connect the USB Cable

    www.todbot.com/blog/bionicarduino
    Faculty Of Engineering 24
    Mechanical Engineering
    Elements of the Arduino IDE:

    Text editor
    syntax and keyword
    Coloring
    Automatic indentation
    Programming shortcuts

    Compiler

    Hardware Interface
    Uploading programs
    Communicating with
    Arduino via USB

    See: http://arduino.cc/en/Guide/Environment for more information


    Faculty Of Engineering 25
    Mechanical Engineering
    Elements of the Arduino IDE:

    Text editor
    syntax and keyword
    Coloring
    Automatic indentation
    Programming shortcuts

    Compiler

    Hardware Interface
    Uploading programs
    Communicating with
    Arduino via USB

    See: http://arduino.cc/en/Guide/Environment for more information


    Faculty Of Engineering 26
    Mechanical Engineering
    Select Serial Port and Board:

    Faculty Of Engineering 27
    Mechanical Engineering
    Status Messages:

    www.todbot.com/blog/bionicarduino
    Faculty Of Engineering 28
    Mechanical Engineering
    Using the Arduino IDE:

    Faculty Of Engineering 29
    Mechanical Engineering
    Arduino Reference:

    Faculty Of Engineering 30
    Mechanical Engineering
    Arduino Sketch Structure:

    Faculty Of Engineering 31
    Mechanical Engineering
    Uploading and Running the
    Blink Sketch:

    Compile, then upload the program


    Congratulations! you are now blinkers!
    Faculty Of Engineering 32
    Mechanical Engineering
    www.todbot.com/blog/bionicarduino
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    Mechanical Engineering
    Creating and Saving a Sketch:
    Now connect your own LED

    http://www.wikipedia.org/ Notes:
    Resistor is needed to limit current
    Resistor and LED may be interchanged (but
    polarity of LED is important)
    Pin 13 is special: has built-in resistor and LED
    Change program and upload
    Faculty Of Engineering 34
    Mechanical Engineering
    Creating and Saving a Sketch:
    Using the Breadboard

    Faculty Of Engineering 35
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    Creating and Saving a Sketch:
    Now connect your own LED

    Faculty Of Engineering 36
    Mechanical Engineering
    Assignment # 2:

    Change the blink rate


    how fast can the LED blink (before you can no
    longer perceive the blinking?)

    How would you make the LED dimmer?


    (...without changing the resistor?)

    Faculty Of Engineering 37
    Mechanical Engineering

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