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    Mers Cov

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    MERS-CoV is a coronavirus that causes respiratory illness ranging from the common cold to SARS. Camels are a major host reservoir and most cases result from human-to-human transmission. The virus was first reported in Saudi Arabia in 2012 and causes influenza-like symptoms such as fever, cough and shortness of breath. It has a high mortality rate, especially in those with underlying conditions. South Korea experienced a large outbreak in 2015 traced to a man who visited the Middle East and sought treatment at multiple hospitals, infecting over 180 people mostly through hospital acquired infections. Preventative measures include handwashing, cough etiquette and avoiding contact with infected individuals.

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    Mers Cov

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    MERS-CoV is a coronavirus that causes respiratory illness ranging from the common cold to SARS. Camels are a major host reservoir and most cases result from human-to-human transmission. The virus was first reported in Saudi Arabia in 2012 and causes influenza-like symptoms such as fever, cough and shortness of breath. It has a high mortality rate, especially in those with underlying conditions. South Korea experienced a large outbreak in 2015 traced to a man who visited the Middle East and sought treatment at multiple hospitals, infecting over 180 people mostly through hospital acquired infections. Preventative measures include handwashing, cough etiquette and avoiding contact with infected individuals.

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    MERS-CoV is a coronavirus that causes respiratory illness ranging from the common cold to SARS. Camels are a major host reservoir and most cases result from human-to-human transmission. The virus was first reported in Saudi Arabia in 2012 and causes influenza-like symptoms such as fever, cough and shortness of breath. It has a high mortality rate, especially in those with underlying conditions. South Korea experienced a large outbreak in 2015 traced to a man who visited the Middle East and sought treatment at multiple hospitals, infecting over 180 people mostly through hospital acquired infections. Preventative measures include handwashing, cough etiquette and avoiding contact with infected individuals.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    207 views23 pages

    Mers Cov

    Uploaded by

    api-312451539
    MERS-CoV is a coronavirus that causes respiratory illness ranging from the common cold to SARS. Camels are a major host reservoir and most cases result from human-to-human transmission. The virus was first reported in Saudi Arabia in 2012 and causes influenza-like symptoms such as fever, cough and shortness of breath. It has a high mortality rate, especially in those with underlying conditions. South Korea experienced a large outbreak in 2015 traced to a man who visited the Middle East and sought treatment at multiple hospitals, infecting over 180 people mostly through hospital acquired infections. Preventative measures include handwashing, cough etiquette and avoiding contact with infected individuals.

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    of 23

    MERS-CoV

    By:
    Claudia Washington Tang Blanton Susana Calderon Hillary Reed Archie McCoy
    What is MERS-CoV?
    Viral respiratory disease caused by a coronavirus

    Coronaviruses cause diseases ranging from the common cold to


    SARS

    Close contact is easiest way of passing virus

    Camels are likely to be major host reservoir for virus

    Majority of cases have been attributed to human-to-human


    infections

    the virus is present in serum, feces and urine but higher


    concentrations are located in lower respiratory secretions.
    MERS-CoV
    Virus believed to have originated in bats

    Exact role of camels in transmission of the virus and route

    of transmission still not known

    First known cases of MERS occurred in Jordan Apr


    2012

    Disease first reported in Saudi Arabia in Sept 2012


    Signs of infection

    Influenza-like illness:
    Fever with chills
    Dry cough
    Headache
    Prominent fatigue
    Sore throats
    Other signs & symptoms:
    Abdominal pain
    Diarrhea
    Myalgia
    Nausea/vomiting
    Shortness of breath
    Hemoptysis
    Severe Complications:
    Pneumonia
    Kidney Failure
    Death
    -Hypoxemia
    -Adult Respiratory Death Syndrome
    Most people die due to underlying conditions

    MERS-CoV has a high mortality rate


    3550% in those with no underlying risks
    54% in those with 2 underlying conditions
    80% in those with 34 underlying conditions
    Saudi Arabia
    As of July 7, 2015 Saudi Arabia accounts for
    1037 of 1368 global confirmed cases.

    At least 134 more cases since the beginning of


    August.

    90 of those 134 confirmed cases are linked to an


    outbreak in a Riyadh city hospital.

    The hospital has closed its emergency room to


    control the spread of the virus.
    South
    Korea
    Transmission
    South Korean Man:
    Patient 1
    Acquires MERS
    from a visit to the
    Middle East.

    After he returns, he
    visits 4 different
    hospitals

    Does not report


    visiting Middle
    East.
    South Korean Man:
    Patient 1
    Initially discharged
    from first 2
    hospitals.

    Diagnosed with
    MERS-CoV at the
    fourth hospital
    visited.

    Infected a total of
    36 people.
    Secondary
    Transmissions:
    Patient 14

    Infected by Patient 1

    Infected 86
    additional people.

    At least 70
    infections were
    through the
    emergency room.

    Exposed at least
    893 patients and
    Hospital Acquired
    Infections -
    South Korea
    For the South Korean outbreak,
    between 75 and 89% of
    transmissions can be linked to just
    3 hospitals.
    No known zoonotic reservoir of
    MERS-CoV in South Korea.
    No evidence of community
    transmission.
    Spread almost entirely through
    hospitals.
    First Outbreak in South Korea
    The outbreak in South Korea has been traced to
    a 68-year-old man who returned from a trip to
    the Middle East in May and sought medical help
    at 4 hospitals before being diagnosed with the
    MERS virus.

    The health ministry in Seoul also confirmed three


    new cases, taking the total to 185 in an
    outbreak that is the largest outside Saudi
    Arabia, but has shown signs of slowing credited
    to wide-reaching control measures.

    185 Cases of MERS-CoV have been found in South


    Korea
    Steps South Korea took
    More than 700 schools were
    shut down because of the
    fear of spreading the
    MERS-CoV Virus
    Started taking kids
    temperature at
    schools which have
    reopened
    Infection Control
    No known zoonotic reservoir of
    MERS-CoV in South Korea.
    People Who May Be at Increased Risk for
    MERS-CoV
    Travels who have visited Arabian Peninsula or close contact with travelers who have.
    People recently treated in a healthcare facility in the Republic of Korea
    Having close contacts with an individual confirmed with MERS-CoV
    Healthcare personnel not using infection control precautions
    People exposed to camels
    People with Diabetes, kidney failure, chronic lung disease and weakened immune systems

    Treatment
    At this moment there is no antiviral treatment available and a vaccine has not been made to prevent the
    MERS-CoV infection.
    The only type of treatment for individuals who are currently infected is to relieve pain of symptoms.
    Prevention
    The CDC has advised everyone to protect themselves and the people they come
    in contact with.
    Preventative actions include:
    Washing your hands often making sure to wash for 20 seconds and make
    sure young children are doing the same. Alcohol-based hand sanitizer are
    also effective.
    When sneezing be sure to cover your nose and mouth to eliminate saliva
    depre and wear a face mask around those infected
    If a person is sick avoid close contact ex. kissing, sharing cups or eating
    utensils
    Make sure to clean commonly touched areas ex. doorknobs

    Are you ok to travel?


    The CDC and the World Health Organization are closely monitoring the virus but
    are not currently suggesting changing your plans to visit the Middle East or other
    places where the virus has be reported.
    Questions
    What are some preventative actions to minimise the spread of MERS- Where was MERS-Cov 1st reported?

    CoV?
    first reported in September 2012 in
    Washing your hands Saudi Arabia
    Cover nose and mouth when coughing
    Avoid touching mouth, eyes, and nose with unwashed hands
    Avoid personal contact with sick people
    Cleaning and disinfecting commonly touched surfaces
    World Health Organization - Information
    World Health Organization - Information
    Bibliography
    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,. (2015). Prevention & Treatment. Retrieved 14 May 2015, from
    http://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/mers/about/prevention.html

    Cowling, B., Park, M., Fang, V., Wu, P., Leung, G., & Wu, J. (2015). Preliminary epidemiological assessment of MERS-CoV outbreak in
    South Korea, May to June 2015. Eurosurveillance, 20(25), 21163.

    Mayo Clinic,. (2015). Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Retrieved 2015 from
    http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sars/expert-answers/what-is-mers-cov/faq-20094747

    Who.int,. (2015). WHO | Summary of Current Situation, Literature Update and Risk Assessment. Retrieved 13 October 2015, from
    http://www.who.int/csr/disease/coronavirus_infections/risk-assessment-7july2015/en/

    World Health Organization,. (2015). Coronavirus infections. Retrieved 13 October 2015, from
    http://www.who.int/csr/don/archive/disease/coronavirus_infections/en/

    Yu, X., Zhang, S., Jiang, L., Cui, Y., Li, D., Wang, D., Wang, N., Fu, L., Shi, X., Li, Z., Zhang, L., & Wang, X. (2015). Structural basis
    for the neutralization of MERS-CoV by a human monoclonal antibody MERS-27. Scientific Reports, 5, 1-11.
    Cunha, C. B., & Opa, S. M. (2014). Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). Virulence, 5(6), 650-654. doi:10.4161/viru.32077

    Al-Tawfiq, J. A., Hinedi, K., Ghandour, J., y, H., Musleh, S., Ujayli, A., & Memish, Z. A. (2014). Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
    Coronavirus: A Case-Control Study of Hospitalized Patients. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 59(2), 160-16

    Hijawi, B., Abdallat, M., Sayaydeh, A., Alqasrawi, S., Haddadin, A., & Jaarour, N. et al. (2013). Novel coronavirus infections in Jordan,
    April 2012: epidemiological findings from a retrospective investigation. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 19(1), S12-S18.

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