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    Female Pelvis

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    subashik
    The female pelvis is composed of bones that form a basin-shaped structure. It supports the trunk and transfers weight to the lower limbs. The pelvis allows for movement and protects internal organs. It also facilitates childbirth by allowing the fetus to pass through its cavities and openings. The pelvis is comprised of the sacrum, coccyx, and two innominate bones that join to form the acetabulum. There are several joints and ligaments that connect the pelvic bones. The shape and dimensions of the pelvis impact childbirth and are classified into different types.

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    Female Pelvis

    Uploaded by

    subashik
    477 views7 pages
    The female pelvis is composed of bones that form a basin-shaped structure. It supports the trunk and transfers weight to the lower limbs. The pelvis allows for movement and protects internal organs. It also facilitates childbirth by allowing the fetus to pass through its cavities and openings. The pelvis is comprised of the sacrum, coccyx, and two innominate bones that join to form the acetabulum. There are several joints and ligaments that connect the pelvic bones. The shape and dimensions of the pelvis impact childbirth and are classified into different types.

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    Teaching notes on female pelvis

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    The female pelvis is composed of bones that form a basin-shaped structure. It supports the trunk and transfers weight to the lower limbs. The pelvis allows for movement and protects internal organs. It also facilitates childbirth by allowing the fetus to pass through its cavities and openings. The pelvis is comprised of the sacrum, coccyx, and two innominate bones that join to form the acetabulum. There are several joints and ligaments that connect the pelvic bones. The shape and dimensions of the pelvis impact childbirth and are classified into different types.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    477 views7 pages

    Female Pelvis

    Uploaded by

    subashik
    The female pelvis is composed of bones that form a basin-shaped structure. It supports the trunk and transfers weight to the lower limbs. The pelvis allows for movement and protects internal organs. It also facilitates childbirth by allowing the fetus to pass through its cavities and openings. The pelvis is comprised of the sacrum, coccyx, and two innominate bones that join to form the acetabulum. There are several joints and ligaments that connect the pelvic bones. The shape and dimensions of the pelvis impact childbirth and are classified into different types.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 7

    FEMALE PELVIS

    THE PELVIS

    The pelvic girdle, a basin shaped cavity, is a bony ring between the movable vertebrae f
    the vertebral column which it supports and the lower limbs that it rests on.

    FUNTIONS OF FEMALE PELVIS

    Allow the movement of the body (Walking & Running)


    Helps to sit, stand & kneel
    Helps for delivery process
    Transmit the weight from trunk to leg
    Act as bridge between femur
    Protects the vital organs

    PELVIC BONE

    THE INNOMINATE BONE

    It is otherwise known as Nameless bone or Hip bone. The innominate bone contains a deep
    cup to receive the head of the femur named as acetabulum. Two fifths ilium, two fifths ischium
    and one fifths pubic bone forms the acetabulum. The innominate bone composed of three parts.
    They are
    The Ilium
    The Ischium
    The Pubic
    The Ilium
    The margin of the iliac bone is named as iliac crest
    Anterior large flared out part is known as iliac fossa
    Bony prominence presents anteriorly known as anterior superior iliac spine and
    anterior inferior iliac spine
    Bony prominence presents posteriorly known as posterior superior iliac spine and
    posterior inferior iliac spine
    The Ischium
    Thick lower part of the pelvis is known as Ischial bone
    It has a large prominence known as the ischial tuberosity, on which the body rests
    when sitting
    Inward projection of the ischial bone is known as ischial spine that helps to find out
    the station of the head during progress of labour
    The Pubis
    Pubic bone consists of three parts. They are Superior ramus, Inferior ramus & body
    of the pubic bone
    The two pubic bones meet Symphysis pubis and two inferior rami form the pubic
    arch, merging into a similar ramus on the ischium.
    Pubic angle helps to find out the pelvis adequacy
    The space enclosed by the body of pubi bone, rami and ischium is called as Obturaor
    foramen

    THE SACRUM
    The sacrum is a wedge shaped bone consisting of five fused vertebrae
    The upper border of the first sacral vertebrae, which forward is known as sacral
    promontory.
    Anterior part is concave and named as hollow of the sacrum. Posterior part is convex
    and very hard in nature for articulation of the muscles.
    Laterally the sacrum extends in to a wing or ala. Four pairs of hole through which
    Cauda Equina emerge to supply the pelvic organs
    THE COCCYX
    It is otherwise known as vestigial tail.
    It is formed by the fusion of four vertebrae, forming the triangular bone which
    articulates with the fifth sacral segment.

    PELVIC JOINTS
    One symphysis pubis
    It is the midline cartilaginous joint uniting the rami of the left and right pubic bones
    Two Sacroiliac joints
    Sacrum and iliac bone fuse to form the sacroiliac joint.
    One sacrococcygeal joint
    It is formed where the base of the coccyx articulates with the tip of the Sacrum.

    PELVIC LIGAMENTS
    Interpubic:
    This ligament lies in Symphysis pubis
    Sacroiliac:
    Sacroiliac ligament lies between sacrum and ilium
    Sacrococcygeal:
    This ligament lies between the sacrum and coccyx
    Sacrotuberous:
    It runs from the sacrum to the ischial tuberosity
    Sacrospinous:
    It extends from sacrum to the ischial spine
    THE TRUE PELVIS
    It is the bony canal through which the fetus must pass during birth. It has a brim, cavity
    and outlet.
    The pelvic brim:
    The superior circumference forms the brim of the true pelvis, the included space being
    called the inlet. The brim is round except where the sacral promontory projects into it.
    The landmarks of the pelvic brim or inlet are
    Sacral promontory
    Ala/Wing
    Sacro iliac joint
    Ileopectineal line
    Ileopectineal eminence
    Upper part of the superior ramus
    Upper part of the body of the pubic bone
    Upper inner aspects of the symphysis pubis
    The pelvic cavity
    The cavity of the true pelvis extends from the brim superiorly to the outlet inferiorly.
    The anterior wall is formed by the pubic bones and symphysis pubis and its depth is
    4cm
    The posterior wall is formed by the curve of the sacrum, which is 12cm in length.
    The pelvic outlet
    The lower circumference of the true pelvis is very irregular, the space enclosed by
    it is called outlet.
    Two outlets are anatomical and obstetrical outlet
    The anatomical outlet is formed by the lower borders of each of the bones
    together with the sacrotuberous ligament
    The obstetrical outlet is of greater practical significance which includes narrow
    pelvic strait through which the fetus must pass
    The narrow pelvic strait lies between the sacrococcygeal joint, the two ischial
    spines and the lower border of the symphysis pubs
    The obstetrical outlet is the space between the narrow pelvic strait and the
    anatomical outlet. This outlet is diamond shaped.

    The Diameters of the Pelvic brim


    Anteroposterior or conjugate diameter
    Anatomical conjugate:
    It measures 12 cm from sacral promontory to uppermost point of the
    symphysis pubis
    Obstetrical conjugate:
    It measures 11 cm is measured from the sacral promontory to the posterior
    border of the upper surface of the symphysis pubis, which is 1.25cm lower.
    Diagonal conjugate:
    It measures 12-13 cm which extends from lower part of the symphysis
    pubis to sacral promontory.
    Oblique diameter:
    It extends between sacroiliac joint to opposite side of the ileopectineal
    eminence. It measures 12 cm.
    Transverse diameter:
    It measures 13 cm which extends in between the furthest point of
    ileopectineal lines.
    The diameters of the cavity:
    The pelvic cavity is round in shape so all the diameters are 12 cm
    The diameters of the pelvic outlet:
    Anteroposterior diameter
    It measures 13 cm from sacrococcygeal joint to lower part of the symphysis pubis
    Oblique diameter:
    It lies in between the obturator foramen to sacrospinous ligament and
    measures about 12 cm.
    Transverse diameter:
    It extends between two ischial spines and measures about 10-11cm.
    TYPES OF PELVIS

    Features Gynaecoid Android Anthropoid Platypelloid


    Brim Rounded Heart-shaped Long oval Kidney shaped
    Fore pelvis Generous Narrow Narrowed Wide
    Side walls Straight Convergent Divergent Divergent
    Ischial spines Blunt Prominent Blunt Blunt
    Sciatic notch Rounded Narrow Wide Wide
    Sub-pbic angle 90 <90 >90 90
    Incidence 50% 20% 25%va 5%

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