Taller 3 - 2016

TAKEHOME OF ENGINEERING OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

UNIVERSIDAD OF CARTAGENA
1. A liquid reactant stream (1 mol/liter) passes through two mixed flow reactors in a series. The
concentration of A in the exit of the first reactor is 0.5 mol/liter. Find the concentration in the
exit stream of the second reactor. The reaction is second-order with respect to A and V2/V1 = 2.
2. Originally we had planned to lower the activity of a gas stream containing radioactive Xe-138
(half-life = 14 min) by having it pass through two holdup tanks in series, both well mixed and of
such size that the mean residence time of gas is 2 weeks in each tank. It has been suggested that
we replace the two tanks with a long tube (assume plug flow). What must be the size of this tube
compared to the two original stirred tanks, and what should be the mean residence time of gas
in this tube for the same extent of radioactive decay?
3. A liquid-phase reaction, A + 2B C, is to be conducted in two equal-sized CSTRs. The reaction
is first order with respect to both A and B, with kA = 6.0 x 10-2 L mol-1 s-1. The volumetric feed
rate is 25 L/min, CA0 = 0.1 mol L-1, and CB0 = 0.20 mol L-1; 75% conversion of A is desired.
(a) The CSTRs are arranged in series. What is the volume of each?
(b) The CSTRs are arranged in parallel. What is the volume of each, if the volumetric flow rate
through each reactor is equal?
c) The CSTRs are arranged in parallel. What is the volume of each, if the volumetric flow rate in
the second reactor is the double respect to the first?
4. A liquid-phase reaction takes place in two CSTRs operating (at steady-state) in parallel at the
same temperature. One reactor is twice the size of the other. The (total) feed is split
appropriately between the two reactors to achieve the highest fractional conversion of
reactant, which is 0.70. The smaller reactor is then taken out of service. If the (total) feed rate
remains the same, what is the resulting conversion from the larger reactor? Assume the
reaction is first-order, and the larger reactor is operating at steady-state.
5. An aqueous solution of ethyl acetate (A) with a concentration of 0.3 molL-1 and flowing at 0.5 L
s-1 mixes with an aqueous solution of NaOH (B) with a concentration of 0.45 mol L-1 and
flowing at 1 L s-1. The combined stream enters a reactor system for saponification to occur at
16C at which temperature the rate constant (kA) is 0.0574 L mol-1 s-1. Conversion (XA) is to be
80% at steady-state.
(a) If the reactor system is a single CSTR, what volume (V) is required?
(b) If the reactor system is made up of two equal-sized CSTRs in series, what is the volumen
of each?
(c) If the reactor system is made up of two equal-sized CSTRs in parallel, what is the
volumen of each?
6. A gas flow through a packed bed. Determine the outlet pressure according with the properties
of the catalyst and of the gas:
Data:
Packed bed Feed gas
Void fraction 0.4 50 kg/h feed rate
Particle diameter 0.5 cm molecular weight 44 g/mol
Inside diameter tube 5 cm viscosity 2.3 x 10-5 kg/ m.s
Length 40 m Pressure 12 bar
Temperature 150 C, isothermal
7. The gas-phase, irreversible reaction, A + 2B C, takes place in an isothermal, packed bed

reactor. The feed contains 30% A and 70% B at 2 bar and 700 K. the inlet volumetric flow rate is
15 L/min, and the outlet temperature is the same. The conversion of A is 80%. Estimate the
outlet pressure.
DATA
-rA = k CA CB
k = 5 lt2/mol Kg.min
= 0.005 Kg-1
a. Determine the relation between conversion with catalyst weight.
b. What is the catalyst weight required to reach the conversion of 80%, is this possible?
Analyze the effect of the increase of catalyst weight (W) with the increase of pressure
drop (y).
c. How can you propose a change in the design of reactor to achieve a high conversion?
You must show results
8. A gas phase reaction is carried out isothermally in a packed bed reactor. Pure A is fed at a rate
of 3 moles/s and with CA0 = 0.3 mol/dm3 , k = 15 dm/ mol s and = 0.0001 Kg-1
A2B
(Profile of conversion and pressure drop with catalyst weight)

9. Problem 4.7
10. Problem 4.18
11. Problem 4.6
12. Hexamethylene tetraamnie, N4(CH2)6, is to be produced in a well-stirred semibatch reactor by
adding 20oC aqueous ammonia solution at a constant rate of 25 liters/min to an initial charge of
formalin solution:
6HCHO + 4NH3 --> N4(CH2)6 + 6H2O
The reaction is instantaneous, irreversible, and exothermic. The initial charge of formalin
solution is 5000 liters with a formaldehyde concentration, CAi, of 20.0 mol/liter. The
concentration of ammonia in the solution is CB = 12.0 mol/liter. Heat capacity of both ammonia
and formalin solution is 1000 cal/literoC. Heat of reaction is 74.6 kcal/mol of N4(CH2)6. The
initial temperature of formalin solution in the reactor is 25oC.
a) The rate of heat generated by the chemical reaction is

b) Time required for complete consumption of formaldehyde is

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TAKEHOME OF ENGINEERING OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

7. The gas-phase, irreversible reaction, A + 2B C, takes place in an isothermal, packed bed

(Profile of conversion and pressure drop with catalyst weight)

6HCHO + 4NH3 --> N4(CH2)6 + 6H2O

a) The rate of heat generated by the chemical reaction is

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