INTERNSHIP REPORT ON

HABIBMETRO BANK
ABBOTTABAD BRANCH (0616)

Submitted by: Uzair Sarmad Abid

Roll # S-041-2013

Supervised by: Sardar Muhammad Arshad

Government College of Management Sciences Abbottabad

SESSION
2014-2017
 INTERNSHIP REPORT ON
HABIBMETRO BANK
ABBOTTABAD BRANCH (0616)

Submitted by: Uzair Sarmad Abid

Roll # S-041-2013

Supervised by: Sardar Muhammad Arshad

This internship report is submitted in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of Bachelors of Business
Administration awarded by the Hazara University,
Mansehra

Government College of Management Sciences Abbottabad

SESSION
2013-2017
 Government College of Management Sciences
Abbottabad

Approval sheet

Approval Committee

1. External Examiner

_______________________________ Signature

2. Supervisor

Sardar Muhammad Arshad Signature

Assistant Professor (GCMS Abbottabad)

3. Head of Department

Mr. Mushtaq Ahmed Signature

(Principal) (GCMS Abbottabad)

 DEDICATION
I Dedicate This Report to my beloved Parents

&

My Respected Teachers

&

my Friends
 PREFACE

This Report is specially meant for the student of MBA(Finance) It is concerned to a brief
study of the operation, Function, tasks and services of HabibMetro Bank.

Banking play very important role in the commerce and economic development of a country.
Now-a-days banks are using different modern technologies, which influence the managerial
activities that are why I decided to do my internship Training in the bank.

In preparation of this Report is have tried my best to provide all Possible information about
the operation, function and tasks of HabibMetro in brief and comprehensive form. It also
includes a brief department worked during internship. I have also tried my best to use simple
and easy words and language.

Then internship report ends with some recommendation after identification of some problems
observed during the course of internship.
 Table of Contents

CHAPTER# 1 ....................................................................................................................... 1

INTRODUCTION TO REPORT .......................................................................................... 1

1.1 Background Of The Study.......................................................................................... 1

1.3nature Of The Study ................................................................................................... 2

1.4 Scope Of The Study .................................................................................................... 2

1.5 Methodology Of Research .......................................................................................... 3

1.6 Limitations ................................................................................................................. 4

1.7 Scheme Of The Report. .............................................................................................. 4

CHAPTER# 2 ....................................................................................................................... 6

INTRODUCTION TO THE ORGANIZATION ................................................................... 6

2.1 Vision .......................................................................................................................... 6

2.2 Mission ....................................................................................................................... 6

2.3 Values ......................................................................................................................... 6

2.4 Meaning Of Bank ....................................................................................................... 6

2.5 Meaning Of Banking .................................................................................................. 7

2.6 HISTORY Of ABL. ..................................................................................................... 8

2.7 Main Objective ........................................................................................................... 9

2.8 Operational Division .................................................................................................. 9

Board Committees............................................................................................................... 11

2.11 Services Of Allied Bank Ltd................................................................................... 12

2.12 Other Products ....................................................................................................... 17

2.13Role of ABL in Banking Sector ............................................................................... 19

2.14 Awards.................................................................................................................... 23

CHAPTER# 3 ..................................................................................................................... 25

INTRODUCTION TO THE DEPARTEMENT ................................................................. 25

3.1 Abl ............................................................................................................................ 25

 3.2 Current Saving Department .................................................................................... 25

3.2.1 Computer Operations. ........................................................................................... 25

3.3 Account Department ................................................................................................ 27

3.4 Advances Department .............................................................................................. 31

3.5 Remittances Department ......................................................................................... 35

3.6 Cash Department ..................................................................................................... 37

3.7 Foreign Currency Department ................................................................................ 38

3.8 Clearing Department ............................................................................................... 39

CHAPTER# 4 ..................................................................................................................... 41

FINANCIAL ANALYSIS ................................................................................................... 41

4.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................. 41

4.2 Financial Analysis.................................................................................................... 41

4.3 Balance sheet ........................................................................................................... 42

4.4 Vertical Analysis of Balance Sheet ......................................................................... 43

4.4 Ratio Analysis .......................................................................................................... 47

CHAPTER# 5 ..................................................................................................................... 51

SWOT ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................. 51

5.1 Strengths .................................................................................................................. 51

5.2 Weaknesses .............................................................................................................. 52

5.3 Opportunities ........................................................................................................... 53

CHAPTER#6 ...................................................................................................................... 54

CONCLUSION AND recommendations ........................................................................... 54

References .......................................................................................................................... 59
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

All praise to Almighty Allah, the most merciful and compassionate, who give me skills and
abilities to complete this report successfully

I am grateful to my parents who are always been a source of encouragement for me

throughout my life and from start to the end of this report

I am thankful to all my staff members of HabibMetro Bank Mandian branch Abbottabad

I found every one very co-operative and helpful for providing me the theoretical as well as
practical knowledge about the function and operation of the bank.

I express my greatest gratitude to my kindhearted Supervisor Sardar Muhammad Arshad who

was the Person who made me able to write this report, His enthusiasm shows the way
forward to me to achieve this success and who kept me in high spirit through his
appreciation. He helped me a lot each time I went up to him.

Uzair Sarmad Abid

 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

ADBP Agricultural Development Bank of Pakistan

ATM Auto Teller Machine

APD Assets Product Division

AIGP American International Group Pakistan

BTF Balance Transferred Facility

ETD Electronic Technology Department

FC Foreign Currency

FDD Foreign Demand Draft

FS Financial Statement

IDBP Industrial Development Bank of Pakistan

IT Information Technology

IPD Investment Product Division

L/C Letter of Credit

L/G Letter of Guarantee

MNCs Multi-National Companies

MIS Management Information System

MT Mail Transfer

NIT National Investment Trust

NDFC National Development Finance Corporation

PLS Profit & Loss Sharing

RTCs Rupee Travelers Cheques

SBP State Bank of Pakistan

SBU Strategic business unit

 EXECUTIVE SUMMERY

Chapter 1 This chapter contains a brief introduction of the report.

Chapter 2 A brief organizational profile and history of ABL is presented in this chapter,
and an overview of the services offered by ABL is given in this chapter

Chapter 3 This chapter contains brief introduction of different departments

of ABL branch on which I worked.

Chapter 4 This chapter explains the E-banking used by the organization

Under the headings of online banking and automated Teller
Machine (ATM) and what sort of changes e-banking brought in
Managerial activities

Chapter 5 It consists of SWOT analysis of the (ABL, Branch)

Chapter 6 It consists of the important findings of the study and the recommendations
developed in the light of these findings.
 CHAPTER# 1
INTRODUCTION TO REPORT

1.1 Background of The Study

The study is about the general operations and management of Allied Bank
Limited Hangu branch, Hangu, and focuses on the online banking and ATM
(Automated teller machine), which was conducted through interviews in the
branch.

Every student of BBA Hons has to undergo an internship program of eight

weeks in any organization to get exposure to the real time business
environment and to know what sort of changes Information Technology brings
in management activities. The real purpose of this internship program is to
provide an opportunity to the students to see the practical applications of their
background professional studies.

The report is a reflection on my experience when I was internee in

ABL,Hangu. Since its inception in 1942, ABL has maintained a steady growth
over the sixty years span of its operations. After its nationalization in 1974, it
was denationalized in 1991 and the employees became the owners of ABL,
through the unique concept of ESOP (Employees Stock Ownership Scheme).

1.2 Purpose Of The Study

Purpose of the study was two pronged.
1.2.2 General Purpose.
To get acquaintance to the banking operations.
To know what sort of changes IT brings in managerial activities.
To see the application of our Professional studies especially.

1
1.2.3 Specific Purpose
The primary purpose of the internship is to fulfill the academic requirements
of my study as it is compulsory to do practical work in an organization and to
implement the tools that they have studied for the analysis, there are some
secondary purposes associated like
Detailed information about the organizational structure and design and
there processes.
To analyze organizational, functional, financial, and technological and
other aspects by the tools I have studied in academics.
To compare the performance of with the other financial institutions and
identifying the loops where the organization needs improvements.

1.3 Nature of The Study

The study is critical in nature. It was conducted to investigate critically
into the operations of Allied Bank Ltd and it also explains that how ABL
provides facilities of online banking to its customers. The annual reports or the
consolidation data of the Bank has not been focused in specific because it does
not reflect on the operational performance of branches. However, they have
been referred to as when and where required.

1.4 Scope Of The Study

The study covers two areas with its variables, which affects the
operations of the branch directly, or indirectly. These two areas of variables
are:

Branch specific variable.

Bank specific variable.

The branch specific variables are the variables under the control of the branch
management and directly affect its operations e.g.

2
 Layout of the branch.
Customers relations.
Departments in the branch
ATM
Online banking.

The bank specific variables are those variables, which are not in control of the
branch management e.g.
History of ABL
Services provided by ABL
Role of ABL

1.5 Research Methodology

The research methodology adopted was as follows

1.5.1. Data Sources

Both primary and secondary have been used in the compilation of this
report. The methodology used is as under:

During the compilation of this report, I relied mainly on the primary data. The
tools used for the collection of primary data are interviews and observation.
To get primary data I also performed some practical work. The secondary data
was mainly used for as a background material and for purpose of references.
The major sources of secondary data were the annual report 2015; other
printed material of the Bank and internet played a vital role as a source of
secondary data.

3
1.6 Limitations
The Study was subject to the following limitations, the absence of
which could have made this report more accurate, systematic and factual:

Lake of published financial data.

Lack of ATMs back hand information with stuff.
Access to data.
The non cooperative behavior of some managers and staff members.
My weak financial position.

1.7 Scheme Of The Report.

The report has been divided into six chapters. A brief introduction of
these chapters is given below:

Chapter 1 This chapter contains a brief introduction of the report.

Chapter 2 A brief organizational profile and history of ABL is presented in

this chapter, and an overview of the services offered by ABL is given in this
chapter

Chapter 3 This chapter contains brief introduction of different

departments of ABL branch on which I worked.

Chapter 4 This chapter explains the E-banking used by the organization

Under the headings of online banking and automated Teller
Machine (ATM) and what sort of changes e-banking brought
In Managerial activities

Chapter 5 It consists of SWOT analysis of the (ABL, Branch)

4
Chapter 6 It consists of the important findings of the study and the
recommendations developed in the light of these findings.

5
 CHAPTER# 2
INTRODUCTION TO THE ORGANIZATION

2.1 Vision
Based on a foundation of trust,to be the most respected financial
institution,delighting customers with excellence,enjoying the loyalty of a
dedicated team,meeting the expectations of regulators and participating in
social causes while providing superior returns to shareholders.

2.2 Mission
"The Mission of the Habib metropolitan Bank is to foster a sound economic
and financial environment which promotes the development of its stakeholders
and encourages a culture of excellence and leadership."

2.3 Values
Integrity.
Excellence in Service.
High Performance.
Innovation and Growth.

HabibMetro has emerged as one of the foremost-privatized financial

institutions in Pakistan endeavoring to gear up its operations to meet the
demands of the future.

2.4 Meaning Of Bank

Some authors write that the word bank is derived from Italian word bancus
OR banque which means a bench. Because in the old days the Jews were
used to make banking settlements by sitting on the benches & to deal the

6
exchange of money in the market place. When any one of them becomes
insolvent means that he is unable to fulfill his requirements. Then his bench
was destroyed by the customer & this practice given birth to the word
BANKRUPT.

Some other Authors are of the opinion that the word bank is derived from a
German word back, which means Joint Stock Fund. & when the major
part of Italy was occupied by the German then this word back was
Italianized in to the word Bank.

However, no confident record is available to believe upon. Therefore, we are

not in a position to give any bounded meanings to bank inspire of all these we
can define bank as follow.

1 The imperial dictionary defined a bank as An establishment for

deposits & issue of money & also for granting loans discounting
bills & facilitating the transaction from one place to another place.
2 It is an institution, which deals with money.
3 It buys & sells the uses of money.

In other words, we can say A bank is an institution for exchange of money,

sanctioning credit, transferring funds by domestic & foreign bills of
exchange.

We can also say that it is a pipeline through which money moves into & on
circulation.
Shortly & conclusively we can say that the Bank is an institution that
facilitates the matters in which the money is involved.

2.5 Meaning Of Banking

He Banking companies Ordinance, 1962 defines Banking as Banking means
accepting for the purpose of lending or investment, of deposits of money from

7
public, repayable on demand or otherwise and withdrawal by checks, drafts,
order, or otherwise.

2.6 HISTORY & Introduction

HabibMetro was incorporated in Pakistan as a Public Listed Company in 1992
under the name, Metropolitan Bank Limited. The Bank commenced, duly
licensed, full scheduled commercial-banking operations in October 1992.

Metropolitan Bank, from October 1992 to September 2006, remained a highly

rated bank and, vide its nationwide 51-branch on-line network, established as
a distinguished provider of trade finance services.
On October 26, 2006 Habib Bank A G Zurich`s Pakistan Operations merged
into Metropolitan Bank Limited and the merged entity was named Habib
Metropolitan Bank Limited. Demonstrating a strong commitment to Pakistan
economy, HBZ is the principal shareholder of HABIBMETRO.

HABIBMETRO operates in all major cities of the country. The Bank ranks
within Top 10 in Pakistan with a strong vision to be the most respected
Financial Institution. HABIBMETRO has its primary focus on retail banking
and trade finance and also offers highly innovative E-Banking solutions and
Consumer Banking to its customers. The Banks Islamic Banking Division is
fully capable of catering to customers seeking Shariah compliant products.
The HBZ Group is heir to a rich tradition of banking and commerce dating
back to more than 160 years. The groups flagship and HABIBMETROs
principal, HBZ (incorporated 1967) enjoys International ranking of 687 in
terms of capital. With Headquarters in Switzerland, the HBZ Group also
operates in Hong Kong, Singapore, United Arab Emirates, Kenya, South
Africa, United Kingdom and North America.

The Pakistan Credit Rating Agency (PACRA) has allotted both long-term and
short-term ratings of HabibMetro Limited at AA+ (Double A plus) and
A1+ (A one plus), respectively. These ratings, being the highest amongst the
local sector Private Banks, denote a very low expectation of credit risk

8
emanating from a very strong capacity for timely payment of financial
commitments.

2.7 Main Objective

The main objective of the bank is to accept deposits and provide loans to its
customers and also to be more efficient in providing services. The bank
maintained its commitment to most efficient and personalized services to its
customers. Allied Bank of Pakistan introduces many remunerative schemes for
its depositors and introduces computer services for the first time in the
banking history of Pakistan. Allied bank gives advances to small, medium and
big industries, commercial establishment, agriculture, construction companies
and other needy persons. Allied bank collects electricity gas and telephone
bills from public and over hundred branches of Allied Bank Ltd. deal in
foreign exchange were facilities are given to financial and commercial so its
ultimate objective is to receive funds from the depositors and provides
loans\credit facilities to different sector including trade, industry and
agriculture in its most branches.

2.8 Operational Division

Allied Bank has been divided into 16 regions, each under the control of
a regional General Manger (RGM). The RGM is not any fixed designation in
the organizational hierarchy. The person appointed for its position can be a
SEVP and EVP.

9
2.9 Management Hierarchy
The management hierarchy represents the different positions and
designations in the hierarchy of the ABL. However, this is not the reporting
hierarchy but merely represents the positions and grades on the basis of
seniority and grades.

President

Senior Vice President

Vice President

Executive Vice President

Senior Executive Vice

President
[rosodmemtPresident
Regional General Manager
Managerxecutive Vice
President
Branch Manager

Figure 2.1 Management hierarchy

10
 2.10 Board of Directors
-
Mohammad Naeem Muhammad Waseem Sheikh Mukhtar
Mukhtar (Chairman) Mukhtar Ahmad

Dr. Muhammad
Abdul Aziz Khan Mubashir A. Akhtar
Akram Sheikh

Zafar Iqbal Tariq Mahmood(CEO)

Board Committees

Audit Committee of Board

Constitution:

Mr. Zafar Iqbal (Chairman)

Mr. Muhammad Akram Sheikh
Mr. Mubashir A. Akhtar

Board Risk Management Committee

Constitution:
Sheikh Mukhtar Ahmad (Chairman)
Mr. Muhammad Waseem Mukhtar
Mr. Abdul Aziz Khan
Mr. Tariq Mahmood

e-Vision Committee

Constitution:
Mr. Mohammad Naeem Mukhtar (Chairman)
Dr. Muhammad Akram Sheikh

11
 Mr. Mubashir A. Akhtar
Mr. Tariq Mahmood

Strategic Planning & Monitoring Committee

Constitution:

Mr. Muhammad Waseem Mukhtar (Chairman)

Mr. Abdul Aziz Khan
Mr. Mubashir A. Akhtar
Mr. Tariq Mahmood

Human Resource & Remuneration Committee

Constitution:
Mr. Abdul Aziz Khan (Chairman)
Mr. Muhammad Waseem Mukhtar
Mr. Tariq Mahmood

2.11 Services Of Allied Bank Ltd

2.11.1 All-Time Banking.

Allied Bank has introduced the Allied Cash last year also referred to as
ATM card. The customer will now have the convenience of withdrawing cash
from any of ABLs ATMs (Auto Taller Machine) conveniently located in
major cities at any time of the day or night even on closed days/holidays.
Other services include customer being able to inquire about the balance of
his/her account or printing an abbreviated (mini) statement showing the most
recent eight transactions up to the previous working day.

In order to obtain Allied Cash+ Card, the customers simply have to fill out
prescribed Application form available at selected Allied Bank Branches in

12
Karachi and Lahore. The dully-filled form should be handed over the Manager
of the Branch where the customer is maintaining his account. Non-account
holders would first have to open an account with Allied Bank to have access to
this facility. The Customer can feel absolutely safe his Allied Cash + Card
because it can only be used with the Personal identification Number (PIN),
which is given to him by the bank. Graphical representations have been
employed, where appropriate, for ease of understanding.
This topic is further explained in chapter 4.

2.11.2 Allied Umrah Aasan.

This unique scheme facilities those persons, who cannot afford to incur the
lump sum expenses for Umrah. It allows the intending pilgrims (Aazmeen) to
make payment of Umrah charges in monthly installments. Its salient features
are:

It is free of interest and markup.

Using this scheme family, relatives and household servants can be sent for
Umrah.
Around 2500 Aazmeen are to be sent for Umrah every month.
Lucky winners of the draw are duly informed by their respective branches.
Total package for Aazmeen from Karachi is being Rs. 45,000.
Aazmeen from Lahore and Islamabad will have to pay an extra Rs.
3,000/- for Airline fare.
Umrah packages are of 10 days duration. The charges include Airline
return ticket.
Fee Visa, family accommodation and traveling within Saudi Arabia
(Jeddah to Makkah,
Makkah to Madinah and Medinah to Jeddah).
Application for whole Family/Group can be filed through a single
Application form all applicants of a family/group are sent for Umrah even
if only one member of that family/group is declared successful in the draw.

13
 Due to any reason if Umrah Applicant needs to withdraw his/her
application, he/she will given a refund of all money deposited through
installments till that time.
At the time of submitting the application Aazmeen has to deposit Rs.
2,000 per person as first installment. Rest of the money is to be deposited
through monthly installments of Rs. 2,000/- person on every 5th day of the
month.
If an Applicant wins in the draw he/she is required to pay the balance
amount through monthly installments on returning from Umrah.
Aazmeen have to submit a copy of their NI Cards and Passports with
the application.
Applicants have to deposit the monthly installment using deposit slips
still 5th of every month, defaulters will not be included in the draw.

2.11.3 Master Cards.

The customer can now become the holder of a true Credit Card here in
Pakistan. Allied Bank under license from Master Card International, U.S.A.
issues its Master Card to anyone meeting the eligibility criteria. With the
Allied Bank Master Card the customer is assured of a service meeting the
highest international standards maintained by Master Card.

The Allied Bank Master Card helps the customer pay without the
complications of cash or checks. It doesnt cost the customer anything if he
pays in full within the due date, but if he decides to spread the payments over
several months a service charge @ 2.50% per month is charged. Allied Bank
Master Card is safer than cash and simpler than checks.

The customer has been an account holder with the Allied Bank to apply for the
Allied Bank Master Card that is available to the customer for an initial fee of
Rs. 2,000/- (Rs. 500/- membership fee + Rs. 1,500/- annual fee). Once the
customer obtains his card, he simply presents it at Shops, Supermarkets,

14
Hotels, Pharmacies, Nursing Homes, restaurants, Petrol Pumps and hundreds
of other establishments which display the familiar Master Card sign
throughout Pakistan and abroad.

Once purchases are made, the customer signs a voucher and thats it he is not
required to take extra troubles. Every month the customer receives a statement
showing details of transactions, outstanding and the minimum amount due.
The statements also give the last date for payment so the customer can avoid
paying service charges.

In order to avoid disruption in use of the card, it is essential that a least

minimum payable amount of the bill be paid regularly. In case the required
payment is not received the operation of the Master Card is automatically,
suspended by the system. In such case, the card is activated after receipt of
overdue payment only.

2.11.4 Allied Tahafuz Deposit Scheme.

Brings the customer unparalleled life insurance covers along with

attractive monthly profit. Minimum Deposit amount Rs. 50,000/- or
multiples thereof. Insurance cover up to - Rs. 5,000,000/. As Competitive rate
profit. The features of this scheme are:

Prospective client who will maintain a return free deposit for at least 3
months shall eligible to avail interest free/mark-up free finance.
Payment of profit on monthly basis, automatic renewal on face value.
Life insurance up to 5 times of the customers deposited amount with no
extra cost.
Premium shall be paid by the bank.
Full payment of claim in case of Death Permanent total Disability.
Eligibility Age 18 to 64 years.
No medical examination for:

15
 Deposit up to Rs. 500,000/- and age up to 60.

2.11.5 Allied Karzas Scheme (No Interest/Markup).

Allied Bank moves a step forwards by introducing interest free banking

through Allied Karzas Scheme. The aim of this scheme is to provide an
opportunity to the depositors to take advantage of a real Riba Free economic
environment and avail.
Prospective client will maintain a return free deposit for at least 3
months shall be eligible to avail interest free/mark-up free finance.
Deposit amount Rs. 100,000/- and multiples thereof.
Minimum deposit period 3 months with automatic rollover facility.
Premature encashment allowed, without any penalty/charge.
Minimum deposit period for eligibility of finance 3 months.
Maximum period of finance, 6 months.
Maximum period to avail finance, 12 months from the maturity of
deposit.
Every month (30 days) completed by the deposit shall be taken into
account for calculation of entitlement of finance.
Finance proposal processing fee Rs. 100/- (non-refundable) plus
documentation cost on actual basis.
In case of default/delay in repayment @ 0.055% per day (20.075% p.a.
to be placed in charity A/C.
Formula for calculation of entitlement of finance.
- Same amount of finance for half the period of deposit or
- Same period of finance for half the amount of deposit.

16
2.12 Other Products

Home Remittances
The Bank having a network of 1059 branches all over Pakistan, undertakes to
provide safe and instant payment of remittance from expatriates, routed
through designated foreign exchange companies and correspondent banks with
whom special arrangements have been made in this regard. Through the Allied
Express Services, ABL ensures that beneficiaries Accounts in ABL branches
are credited with in 48 hours of receiving home remittance information from
overseas.

Hajj Services.
The Bank serves the intending pilgrims by helping them in performing this
religious obligation. The Hajj forms and other related services are provided by
the bank. However, the terms and conditions for accepting the Hajj forms from
intending pilgrims are in accordance with the Hajj Policy announced by the
government, each year. Hajj applications are available with all branches
during Hajj season, immediately after the Hajj policy is announced by the
Government of Pakistan.

Utility Bills.
All branches of the Bank collect utility bills of electricity, gas and telephones.
For convenience of the customers, Utility Bills are collected by the branches
during banking hours and also in he evening banking on all working days.
Bills can be paid through cash or checks. Consumers may drop bills with
crossed checks into a drop box available at the branches under Checks Drop-
in system.

17
Agricultural Finance.

Bank under Agricultural Financing Schemes envisaged by he State Bank of

Pakistan extend short, medium and long term, farm and non-farm credits. The
farm credits are extended for production (inputs) and development purposes.
Non-farm credits are allowed for livestock (goats, sheep and cattle), poultry,
factory including social forestry and fisheries (inland and marine excluding
deep sea fishing).

Lockers.
Allied Bank Lockers are available in three different sizes Small, Medium and
Large on a yearly fee. Locker holders need not have an account in the Bank.

Import Export Business/Trade Finance.

ABL Provides highly efficient trade finance services for import/export

business for our clients/customers through large number of authorized
branches where trained and motivated staff is available to handle the business
on behalf of customer.

Allied Bank Rupee Traveler Checks.

Carrying cash to strange alien location can prove to be risky as a single
incident can render one without monetary backup of any sort. Hence banks
introduce travelers checks in order to protect against any contingency.

Seasonal Finance.
Running Finance is a short-term loan allowed by the bank for a period of one
year. The running finance account can be operated and daily sale proceeds can
be deposited into the account. The markup is recovered on the products of
daily outstanding balance. The running finance is suitable for meeting day-to-
day financial needs of the business.

18
 Cash Finance is allowed against pledge of goods. The delivery of
goods is made against payment.
Demand Finance is disbursed in lump sum or in accordance with the
agreed disbursements schedule and it is repayable as per the agreed
installments, which could be monthly, quarterly, biannual or annual.

2.13Role of ABL in Banking Sector

ABL is one of he most dynamic and progressive bank in the banking industry
of Pakistan. This is due to its impressive growth and development, which it
achieved during sixty years of its existence. It did not take long for Allied to
grow into one of the leading bank in the country overtaking the several other
banks which were its competitors were established earlier.

Contribution Before / At the Time of Independence.

ABL was established as a response to the cal of Muhammad Ali Jinnah for
having a Muslim representative bank in him Sub Continent. At the time of
independence when Pakistan was in intense need of banking services and
expertise, ABL rose to the occasion and rendered all its expertise at best for
the development of the newly born state.

Commitment to Serve the customers.

ABL used novel methods of customers service instead of conventional ways
of the day, which was market oriented and appealed to if customers. ABLs
dynamic, radical and personalized style of banking differed significantly for
the conventional business patterns of the period. In fact every feature and
aspect ABLs behavior reflected highlighted those differences most
significantly, the commitment to serve the customers.

19
Better Working Environment.

ABL has provided its employees a better working environment and salary
structure and facilities. Incentives and awards were given to promote
efficiency and better service to customers. A competitive environment was
instrumental in introducing a thorough going professionalism, which in the
ultimate analysis transformed the entire outlook of the industry.

Modern Banking Policy.

The expansion and growth of the banking sector in Pakistan has been
remarkable. Until 1942, the growth of banking comprised the phases of laying
the foundation of the banking structure. The establishment of ABL has started
a new era in the banking system. This was the phase competition with the
already established giants. Banking underwent a complete metamorphosis;
clients were naturally attracted to the bank, which provided better and quicker
banking services. When Allied Bank challenged the major banks of the time
they began evaluate their policies and were surprised to find that they had a lot
to change before long. They began to change and adopt a more modern and
relevant strategy.

Deposit Mobilization.
The banking sector as a whole and ABL in particular has played an
important role in helping to mobilized savings. The continuously rising
importance of deposit money in total money supply underscores the
contribution of commercial banks in this direction.

From its inception, ABL has launched a number of successive drives for
improving the deposit base of the Bank. An essential part of each drive was to
popularize the banking habit among the people both rural and urban, and to
bring a large number of customers into its orbit.

20
Branch Expenses.
Soon after commencing business by the end of June 1942, only few
branches had been opened. The management decided to broaden the
geographical coverage so besides the cities, the bank branched out into small
towns & the far-flung, less development and unbaked areas of fulfill its social
responsibility. The branches in small town and villages have been vital help to
the small industrialists and business, industrial workers, farmers craftsmen
and other persons of limited means. The bank had extended its network to
more than 650 by the end of Dec. 1973. At present the number exceeds 819
branches.

Home Remittances Handled.

The Bank contributions in handling home remittances by over seas Pakistanis
have also been commendable.

Foreign Trade.
The bank has always played key role in the promotion of foreign trade
especially in financing of exports. The bank achievement in the area is really
commendable, as it has not only to compete with the domestic banks but with
the large international financial agencies as well.
Interest Free Banking.

The Islamization of economic system in Pakistan began from July 1979. In Jan
1981 the PLS banking was launched. Interest free modes of financing had
been introduced, and in the first half of 1985 a number of measures over taken
for complete charge over of the whole system of domestic banking to non
interest basis. And finally the process of transaction from interest base to non-
interest banking was completed. Since the banking companies are not allowed
to accept deposits (excluding foreign currency deposits) except on the basis of
Profit & Loss sharing.

21
A separate department at the head office was set up which was later on
upgraded into a full-fledged Islamic banking division apart from supervising
the Islamic banking operations. The division has conducted research and has
been able to add to the literature on Islamic banking, both of theoretical and
practical significance.

Computerization.
While mechanization in ABL, began as early as in 1950s the bank also took
the lead in introducing computers in banking operation in Pakistan and now
ABL is connected to its branches through online banking.

Utility Booths.
The bank has 34 utility booths throughout of country to accept payments, both
in the morning and in the evening against utility bills, such as gas, electricity
and telephone bills. The bank also issues television licenses.

Prize for Success in Banking Diploma Examination.

The bank instituted prizes for those securing highest position in bank diploma
examinations. In 1993, three bonuses were awarded in a single year to
recognize and reward to services and achievements of its employees.

Obligation to Serve Society.

ABL also plays it part in the development of society. It has established public
libraries in many cities and towns.

22
2.14 Awards

Strongest Bank by Balance Sheet 2014 Pakistan by The

Asian Bankers

Best Domestic Investment Bank 2013Pakistan by The Asset

Country Awards, Hong Kong

Best Managed Bank Achievement Award 2013 by Asian

Banker Magazine

Best Investment Bank in Pakistan 2013 by Euromoney

Magazine, UK.

Bank of the Year in Pakistan 2011 By The Banker

Best Retail Bank in Pakistan 2011 By The Asian Banker

Best Domestic Investment Bank in Pakistan 2009 By The

Asset Magazine Hong Kong

Best Equity House in Pakistan 2008 By The Asset Magazine

Hong Kong

23
The Banker magazine UK, honored ABL with the The
Banker Deal of the Year 2008 Pakistan award

The Corporate Finance House of the Year, 2007-2008 by the

CFA Association of Pakistan, the local body of the CFA
Institute, USA.

The Corporate Finance House of the Year, 2006-2007 award

by the CFA Association of Pakistan, the local body of the CFA
Institute, USA.

The Corporate Finance House of the Year, 2005-2006 by the

CFA Association of Pakistan, the local body of the CFA
Institute, USA.

24
 CHAPTER# 3
INTRODUCTION TO THE DEPARTEMENT

3.1 Abl
(Branch code = (0616) ADDRESS: Hangu
I did my internship of eight weeks in ABL branch (0707). It is one of the small
branches of ABL, which is yet to be renovated. Located sector Hangu I
selected this branch because of two reasons. First, I was of the view that one
can find more learning opportunities in a small branch as compare to a big
one. Secondly it is situated near to my residence

In the same branch different departments of ABL are working. So I got the
opportunity to know briefly about every department

3.2 Current Saving Department

In ABL branch current saving department mainly deals with cheques,

vouchers and advices. First of all, a cheque holder have to present his/her
cheque to the person responsible for issuing the tokens. . Then cheque is
passed on to the computer operator to entry it in computer. Afterward it will
go for signature verification after which it will be given to cashier for
payment.

3.2.1 Computer Operations.

In ABL branch the computer section performs several duties that are as under;

25
1. Daily Transactions.

To record all the transactions in case of deposits made by the

people and also to record all the withdrawals made by the people or
customers. Each transaction has to be recorded in its appropriate head of
account with the help of prescribed codes.
2. Vouchers.

To record all the vouchers made by the remittance department.

Remittance department have to prepare debit and credit vouchers for about
every transaction recorded in their department. Then these vouchers are sent to
computer operator to record those in computer.

3. Advices.

To record all advices received from other branches. Most of the-inter

branch or intra branch- remittances are subject to ultimate receipt of advices
from the corresponding branch to materialize the transactions. These advices
also have to be recorded in computer.

4. Statements.

To close the daily record a number of statements have to be

printed out. Statements like:
Days transactions (sequence)
Overdrawn facilitated a/c statement
Markup sheet
Inter branch transactions
Detail of PLS and Current a/c
Days transactions (a/c wise)
Operative, Dormant, Inoperative and Unclaimed a/c
All ATM transactions

26
 Detail of GL entries (official & non customer transactions)
Summary of all a/c (debits, credits & balances)
Profit due, transferred, disbursed, etc.

3.3 Account Department

Deposits the Life Blood of a Bank.

Bank borrowing funds from outside parties is more important because

the entire banking system is based on it. Receiving of deposits is a basic
function of all commercial banks. Commercial banks do not receive these
deposited for safekeeping purpose only. When the bank receives the amount of
deposited as a depositor, it become the owner of it. The bank may therefore
use these deposits, as it deems appropriate. But there is an implicit agreement
that the amount owned by the bank will be paid back to the depositors on
demand or after a specified period of time.

The borrowed capital of the bank is than the bank own capital. Banks
borrowing is mostly in the form of deposits. These deposits are lend-out to
different parties. Larger the difference between the rate at which these deposits
are borrowed and the rate at which they lend-out the greater will be the profit
margin of the bank. Larger the funds lend-out the greater will be the return
earned on them and greater the amount of return on these deposits earned
greater will be the profit for the bank. It is because of this interrelated
relationship. Deposits are referred to as the life blood small for any banking
sector.

KINDS OF ACCOUNT.

There are numbers of account that ABL offers to its customer keeping
in mind their needs and dealing

27
1. SAVING BANK ACCOUNT P & LOSS ACCOUNT.

.
In Pakistan the saving Bank accounts are known as profit and profit
and loss sharing accounts (PLS A/C) fowling the illumination of bank. The
owners of such account are not allowed to withdraw money more than once
are twice a week. In case of withdrawal of large sum, the depositor is required
to give to prior notices a week or two. Thus the bankers are not required is
always available to bank for giving to loans to their customers. Thus these
deposits also serves as source of credit certain by the commercial banks.

The rate or profit on this type of account varies from time to time. All the
commercial banks declare the rate of profit every year that is paid on these
accounts on the basis of their monthly credit balance. The bank will determine
the proportion of profit & its decision will be final. Profit will be determined
on daily product basis while it will be paid on monthly basis & will be paid on
the minimum balance between the first day & last day of the month. Zakat will
be deducted on the exceeding amount as exempted from the Zakat deduction.
Taxes will be imposed according to the rules & regulation. In Pakistan post
offices & national saving centers also maintain this savings bank account to
encourage saving habits among the people.

At the time of opening this account, a minimum amount of Rs.500 is to be

deposited. Subsequently the account is opened & account number is located.
The depositor is given a cheque book.

The depositors who are wishing to close his account are required to present his
cheques to the bank in order to draw the credit balance and to close the
account.

n this type of account you can open joint account also which can be operated
by anyone.

28
2. CURRENT ACCOUNT.

There is no limit of withdraw of money from these accounts. In practice the

bankers do not allow any profit to such deposits in Pakistan. The customers
are required maintaining the minimum credit balance in their account in case
of failing incidental charges are recovered from defaulters. This is because the
depositors may withdraw current deposits at any time and as such the bank is
not entirely free to employ such deposits. In general, the bank allows the
overdraft facilities to current account holders & the prevailing rate of markup
is charged from these customers.

In ABL the minimum amount required to open the current account is

Rs. 500. No profit is paid to account beside this that the account holder has the
facility to taking s much money as he wants.

Individual account is opened in the name of the single personal one person on
whose name it is opened only conduct it. While two opens joint account and
partnership account are more person and the bank fallow their instructions for
the conduct of the account. Similarly limited companies can also open their
current account.

3. FIXED DEPOSIT ACCOUNT/TERM DEPOSITS.

These deposits are also called as time deposits because these deposits
are based on the fixed duration. The period for which these deposits are kept
with bank are ranged from seven days to ten years in light of the agreement
between the customer and the banker. The profit allowed on these account
depend on the duration longer the duration of the deposits the higher will be
the rate of profit.

The operation of fixed account is different from saving & current accounts.
Every time money is deposited with the bank an application from filled and
the bank issue a fixed deposit receipt for amount deposited along with specific

29
 period. Fixed deposit receipt is given to the depositor and the bank retains the
counterfoil of the same receipt.

Fixed term deposits may be in the joint names of two or more person. The
payment to one of those people will not discharge by the bank without the
authority of others.

3.3.1 OPENING AND OPERATION OF BANK ACCOUNT.

As discuss earlier there is a prescribed procedure for opening different types of

account. Following steps re followed while opening a new account.
1. Application from for Opening of Accounting.

A person who wishes to open a bank account is required to complete this from
the personal information is to be furnished. The application signs the
declaration to effect that he has understood the rules and regulation of the
bank.
2. Introduction.

As required by the banking law the new customer needs to be introduced by

the account holder of the same branch where the account is being opened.
The manager or any other bank officer may introduce the new
customer if they know them personally.

I.Signature card.

At the time of opening an account a specimen signature card containing two

signature of the customer is required which the manager of the branch
attaches with application form. During the operation of account the
signature is verified when the cheque is presented for payment.

30
II.Cheque Book.

After completing formalities for opening saving and current a cheque book
s issued to the customer for withdrawing cash from his or her account
at the time of need. The cheque contains minimum 25 pages & maximum
100 pages. The bank also charges excise duty on cheque book.

3.4 Advances Department

LENDING PRINCIPLES

The basis function of the bank is to accept deposit and lend money to the
borrowers against a spread so to be able to give some profit to the depositors
as well as to earn profit for the bank.

While lending the money to the borrowers the bank should observe the
following lending principals:

Safety Principle.

It means that the lended money will come back along with interest or service
charges etc. The borrower should not invest the money borrowed in
unproductive or speculative business.

Liquidity Principle.

The money which has been lended to the borrower should be returned to the
bank on demand or as per repayment schedule provided by the client. The
sources of repayment should be clear and definite

31
 Purpose Principle.

The purpose of the advances should be legitimate and productive. It

should be ensured that the banks, funds are not being utilized for speculative
business. The credit restrictions by the central bank should not be violated & it
should also be ensured. It is always beneficial for the bank to finance for
short-term requirements.

Profitability Principle.

The end result of every business activity should be to earn some profit.
Similarly the bank must get some profit out of the activity of lending so that
the depositors could get their shares as well as the shareholders could earn
something for their investments..

Security Principle.

The proposal should be dealt on its merit not on security. The security
should be considered a safety for the bank only in case of unexpected
emergencies. All the relevant documents of securities must be obtained & got
valuation of the property or any other security should be assessed correctly.

Spreading of Risk Principle.

It is always safe for the bank to spread the risk in large number of borrowers
instead of loaning huge amount to few big shots, it is better to obtain different
types of securities instead of concentrating on one security..

National Interest and Suitability Principle.

It is our moral as well as legal obligation to ensure that no loaning is

running counter to national interest. It is also our duty to ensure that our
lending policies are not against the social conditions or bindings

32
3.4.1 Function of Credit Department.

The main function of the credit department is to lend money to the

customer. Allied Bank Ltd. Lends money in the form of clean advances
against promissory notes as well as secured advances against tangible and
marketable securities. Beside these ABL also lend money against life policies
and immovable property..

LIEN.
Lien is the bank right to with hold property until the claim on the
property is paid. The bank looks at their lien as a protection against loss or
overdraft or any other credit facility. In ordinary lien the borrower remains the
owner of the property, but the actual or constructive possession remains with
the creditor or bank though the borrower has no right to sell it.

By Cash Credit.

In this the bank lends money to the borrower against tangible security.
The total amount of the loan is not paid in one installment. The borrower has
to pay markup on the amount borrowed. Cash credit is favorite loan for large
commercial & industrial concern.

By Overdraft.

This the most common type of bank lending. When a borrower

requires temporary accommodation, ABL allows its customer to withdraw an
excess of the balance form their account which the borrowing customers have
in credit and thus called overdraft. This facility is given to regular reliable &
well established customer. When it is against collateral securities, it is called
Secured Overdraft & when borrowing customer can not offer any collateral
security except his personal security then the accommodation is called Clean
Overdraft.

33
3.4.2 Types of finance.
Short Term Finance.

Allied Bank Ltd. receives the saving of the people and lends it for short
term to its customers. Short-term finance is generally given for a period of one
year or less in duration.

Medium Term Finance.

The duration range of the intermediate term finance is from one year to
three years. It is also called term loan. Intermediate term finance is usually
given for the expansion of an existing business or for the purchase of new
equipments.
Long Term Finance.

This type of finance is required for the period of more than five years.
Long term finance is generally given for the compilation of big projects, for
the construction of building and for the purchase of machineries.

Producer of Applying for Loan.

Any customer who applies for loan should have an account (usually
current account) with ABL branch concerned. That account must be in running
position. When approval from head office is given, branch gives tern &
condition to the party. Bank does not advance 100% loan against a security,
rather the profit margin is different in different type of loan.

34
3.5 Remittances Department

Another important department in ABL Branch is Remittances Department.

The remittances department transfers the funds from one bank to other bank
and from one place to another place.

In remittances department the collection take place. The ABL made payment
of only open cheques on the counter and prohibits the payment of crossed
cheques.ABL transfers money from one place to another by the following
means:
Mail Transfer.

When a customer requests the bank to transfer his money from this bank to
any other bank or the branch of some other bank, the first thing he has to do is
to fill an application form. In which he states that he/she wants to transfer the
money from this bank to that bank by mail. If the customer is the account
holder of the bank, operating personal will proceed further with steps like:
Writing a debit voucher for a/c holders a/c
Preparing an advice in favor of stated bank/branch
Writing credit voucher for GL
Mail the advice
If the customer is not the account holder of this bank, then firstly, he has to
deposit the money and than above procedure will be adopted to transfer his
money.

Telegraphic Transfer.

With the changing requirements of the customer, ABL has introduced

the fastest transfer of money. The sender is required to apply through a form in
which he will give all the necessary details about the sender and beneficiary.
The sender deposits the money to be transferred plus bank charges at the bank
counter. The remittances officials send a telegram to concerned branch with

35
specified code words and the receiving branch makes payment to the
beneficiary. Vouchers are sent by ordinary mail to keep the record. On TT, no
excise duty is charged only commission and telegram charges are charged.

Pay Order.

Pay order is the most convenient simple and secure way of transfer of
money. It is issued by, drawn upon and payable by the same branch of the
bank. It is neither transferable nor negotiable and as such it is payable to the
payee named there in. The following are the parties to a pay order.
Purchaser is a person, firm, company or local authority.
Issuing/paying branch is one which issues/pays on presentation.
Payee is a person named there in.
Demand Draft.

Demand Draft is another way of transfer of money from one bank to

another bank. Unlike pay order, a form is required to be filled for the issuance
of the demand draft in which necessary particulars about the beneficiary and
sender are given. The sender deposits the amount of DD plus commission and
other charges on the bank counter, from where he is given a receipt and in
accordance with this receipt he is issued

The following are the main essential of draft:

It is a Negotiable Instrument.
Filling a form and depositing the amount written on it prepare 2} Draft.
It is a written order to its branches or to another bank to pay the stated amount
on draft.

36
3.6 Cash Department

This is the most important and critical department in a Bank. There are two
basic functions performed by the cash department. These are
Receipts.
An individual who has account in the Bank can deposit money in his account.
For deposit of the money the individual has to fill the deposit slip in which the
account holder writes his name, Account number, amount of the money both
in figures and in words.

After filling the deposit slip the Cash amount along with the deposit slip is
submitted with the cashier. The cashier collects the cash and counts it and after
verification the cashier stamps the deposit slip. One part of the deposit slip is
given back to the customer and the other part of the deposit slip remains with
the bank for the record purposes
.
The cashier also record the deposits made by the customers in credit sheets
daily. The deposits of all customers of the bank are controlled by mean of
ledger account. Every customer has its own ledger account and has separate
ledger cards in which his / her total record is kept.

Bill collection is also one of the main functions of bank. Cashier has to
prepare a list of bills serial number, a copy of which is to be sent to the
corresponding organization.

Payments.

The procedure of clearance of a cheque or payments is as following. First of

all the customer presents his cheque to the cashier. The cashier records the
account number and the amount, which is to be drawn. Then the cashier check
the cheque number in the computer for the verification whether the account
holder has such amount in his account which he is demanding or not. If the

37
computer passes the cheque, the Passing officer signs the cheque and sent it to
the cash counter then cashier pays the written amount to the customer and then
in the end cashier records the amount paid in computer.

3.7 Foreign Currency Department

Like Pak rupees account the foreign currency has many accounts like
Saving account.
Current account
Term deposit account.
The bank deal in three type of foreign currency account
1. Dollar
2. Euro
3. Pound

The account is open with 1000 dollar if it is less 5-dollar per month is
deducted. For opening the account NIC & introduction is required of the same
bank. If any person wants to import goods from foreign, an account is required
and for international trading the FC is needed. ABL provide foreign currency
on Pak rupee at booking rate and the central office sent Rates

In foreign currency department the remittance is sent through Foreign

Telegraphic Transfer. The account holder can sent the amount in foreign bank
account. If any transaction is made the daily report is given to the central
office Karachi daily.

Different accounts can b open like joint account or company account. The
thankful letter is sent for opening the foreign currency account to account
holder and introducer. When any transaction is made the bank inform stock
exchange daily. The foreign currency note is counted and recorded in the cash
memo book. The people in the foreign country sent the amount through

38
S.W.I.F.T. Weekly and monthly report of all the transaction is given to the
stock exchange.

Cheque book is also issued to the account holder & the foreign currency
Account number is given to him. In this FBC & FBR is done. Debit Credit
Voucher is used. The charges are deducted while closing the foreign currency
account. And the cheque book is return while closing the account.

The branch sent excess foreign currency to its main branch. If any branch
needs foreign exchange they sent to this branch.

3.8 Clearing Department

In clearing process, if the account holder of ABL receives the cheque of other
bank like City Bank, Habib Bank Limited etc, and he submits it in ABL
branch to be cashed. At the same time the clearing process starts. First the
bank name. Cheque number and the amount are written in the register. After
this three kind of stamps are required first bank name stamp, secondly clearing
stamp of next date and If the cheque is not local then the inter city clearing
stamp is required.

Some cheques are local and some are outstation. The institution N.I.F.T.
provides the services in clearing the cheque. They send the different cheque to
different banks. The N.I.F.T service is only in few cities, like Karachi, Lahore,
Rawalpindi. The cheque of inter city is send through N.I.F.T. And where, the
N.I.F.T service is not available so the cheque is sent through T.C.S.

The clearance of cheque is informed through advice. Some cheque is not

passed so they should return so Rs. 100 is deducted and if the cheque is inter
city then the postage charges is deducted. For this purpose the Debit & Credit
voucher is used. When the cheque is cleared the today stamp is required. Some

39
cheque is drawn on ABL. This is called outward clearing. These cheques will
be entered in the outward clearing register. And the advice is sent for the
clearance of cheques. The account holder account is credited.

OUT WARD BILL FOR COLLECTION.

OBC means the cheque of other banks. When they sent OBC the OBC is
credit & OBR is debited and the advice is made on that time, one copy is
remain in the bank and the other copy is sent to the related branch. When they
realized the opposite entry is made. It is entered in the OBC register. The
income A\c commission is credited, and postage.

40
 CHAPTER# 4
FINANCIAL ANALYSIS

4.1 Introduction
These section efforts have been made to cover all relevant aspects of the
financial performance of ABL. Overtime comparison and Common Size
analysis are carried out with the view to extract concrete conclusion to
describe financial standing and performance of the bank.

4.2 Financial Analysis

Financial statements are the principal means of reporting the financial
condition and results of operations of a business entity. These statements are
meant to assist various parties in decision making who are interested in the
activities of the business. These statements are means to an end of helping
stakeholders in decision-making. To improve the quality of decision making
proper analysis of these statements helps a lot. Financial statements analysis
helps in determining the financial conditions at any particular points in time
and effectiveness of operations of a firm during a specific period.

The various stakeholders of business are interested in the analysis of financials

statements. But the focus of interest of all is not the same. For example,. Short
term creditors are interested in short term liquidity of the business and long
term creditors are interested in the long term cash flow which the firm can
generate over the long period of time. Investors are interested in the firms
ability to sustain profitability over a period of time. Government agencies
analyze financial data for tax purposes. The internal users of financial
statements like management also analyze financial data for planning and
control.

41
4.3 Balance sheet

Rupees in 000 2015 2014

Assets

Cash/Bal. With treasury Banks 56711623 41252303

Balance with other banks 4077613 873500

lending to F.Is 3628,366 2030062

Investment 544,833,263 428790733

Advances 321,647,931 306014402

Operating Fixed Assets 28,869,612 27250482

Deferred tax asset-net ----- 36054979

Other Assets 32,970839 842269127

Total Assets 992,739,247 843097566

Liabilities

B/Payables 4,942,189 66096472

Borrowings 137,959,818 667096615

Deposits & other Accounts 734,546,015 2994000

Sub-ordinated loans ----- 15956263

Finance Lease ----- 76378802

Deferred tax liability 8,909508 80,890,325

Other Liabilities 16,256,802

Total Liabilities 902,614,332 11450739

Net Assets 90124,915 13549355

42
 Represented By 11,450,039 37053691

Share Capital 15,102,126 62053785

Reserves 15102026 18836540

unappropriate profit 68837105 80890325

68837105 41252303

Surplus on revaluation of assets 21,287810 873,494

90124915 81564815

4.4 Vertical Analysis of Balance Sheet

Common size analysis is an analysis of financial statements where the total assets
divide all balance sheet items of asset side and all credit side balances divided by all
liability items, and all income statement items are divided by net sales/revenues.
Common size analyses are extremely helpful to highlight changes over the time in
financial performance and financial conditions of the company. The table shows
common size analysis of the balance sheets for the years 2014 & 2015.

Short-term advances have shown a significant change. Where as total

advances show a total change of only 1.70%. This is very significant to note
that major decrease has occurred in long-term performing and non-performing
advances.

On the liability side the total current liability has shown change of about 4%.
The main reason for which is increase in current deposits, which are about 6%.
The long-term liability of the organization is also decreased by 2%. The main
reason for this is that fixed deposits of organization are decreased by 2%,
which shows that there is a slight change in the organizations position by
decrease in fixed deposits.

43
Table: 4-1 Vertical analysis of Balance Sheet

Rupees in 000 2015 2015% 2014 2014%

Assets

Cash/Bal. With treasury 56711623 5.7% 41252303 4.5%

Banks

Balance with other banks 4077613 1.3% 873,494 1%

lending to F.Is 3628,366 55% 2030062 50%

Investment 544,833,263 32% 428790733 34%

Advances 321,647,931 1 % 306014402 3%

Operating Fixed Assets 28,869,612 1% 27250482 4%

Other Assets ----- 3% 36054979 3.5%

Total Assets 32,970839 100% 842269127 100

Liabilities 1%

B/Payables 4942189 0% 4831801 7%

Borrowings 137959818 14% 66096472 79%

Deposits & other Accounts 734596166 74 667096615 1%

Sub-ordinated loans ------ 0% 2994000 2%

Other Liabilities 16003425 3% 15956263 2%

Total Liabilities 902409055 91% 76378802 90%

Net Assets 89256457 9% 80,890,325 9%

Represented By

Share Capital 11450739 1% 11450739 2%

44
Reserves 15102026 2% 13549355 2%

unappropriate profit 41415882 4% 37053691 4%

67968647 7% 62053785 8%

Surplus on revaluation of 21287810 2% 18836540 2%

assets

89,256,457 9% 80890325 10%

45
Hori zontal Analysis

Rupees in 000 2015 2014 2014 vs

2015
Assets

Cash/Bal. With treasury Banks 56711623 41252303 37

lending to F.Is 3628,366 2030062 78

Investment 544,833,263 429397275 26

Advances 321,647,931 306057885 6

Operating Fixed Assets 28,869,612 27270823 5

Deferred tax asset-net ----- --- -------

Other Assets 32,970839 36215718 18

Total Assets 992,739,247 843097566 2%

Liabilities 2%

B/Payables 4,942,189 4831801 4%

Borrowings 137,959,818 66096472 8%

Deposits & other Accounts 734,546,015 667863871 8%

Sub-ordinated loans ----- 2994000 0

Finance Lease ----- ---- 0

Deferred tax liability 8,909508 3629645 145%

Other Liabilities 16,256,802 16116962 0.8%

Total Liabilities 902,614,332 761532751 18%

46
4.4 Ratio Analysis
Ratio analysis is the most commonly used analysis to judge the financial
strength of a company. It is a quantitative relation between two magnitudes of
the same kind. This comparison allows the firm to detect major operating
differences. the main categories of ratios are.

Profitability ratios
Profitability ratios are the financial statement ratios which focus on how well a
business is performing in terms of profit.

Net Interest Margin:

Net interest margin (NIM) is a measure of the difference between the interest
income generated by banks or other financial institutions and the amount of
interest paid out to their lenders, relative to the amount of their assets. It is
similar to the gross margin of non-financial companies

Interest Expenses / Interest

Years Income
2014 38,830,336/28,172,836 1.3
2015 35,966,922/36,151,937 0.99
Interpretation.

This ratio examines how successful a firm's investment decisions are

compared to its debt situations. The interest margin ratio in 2015 is decreased
as compared to 2014 favourable for the bank, because investment decisions
are well planed.

Earning Asset to total assets

An asset that produces money for a company without any work needing to be
done. Earning assets include such things as loan, Lease, stocks, bonds,
certificates of deposit, and generally anything that earns interest or dividends.
Earning assets include loan, Lease, investment securities and money market
assets. This ratio show that the contribution of these assets to total assets.

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 Interest Earned/Total
Years Assets
2014 67003172/843097566 0.07
2015 72118859/992739247 0.07

Interpretation.

The ratio of earning to total assets in 2015 is 0.07 and in 2014 it is 0.07 which
is same, but the increase could be favorable.

Net Interest Margin to Average Earning Assets

Return on Earning Assets.

An indicator of how profitable a company is relative to its earning
assets. ROEA gives an idea as to how efficient management is at using its
assets to generate earnings.

Years Net income/interest

income
2014 2815527/28172836 0.030
2015 2558951/36151937 0.030

Interpretation.

Return on earning assets is decreases in 2015 as compared to previous year,

due to inefficient management of ABL, showing unfavorable trend.

Operating Cost to income ratio

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The cost/income ratio is an efficiency measure similar to operating margin.
Unlike the operating margin, lower is better. The cost income ratio is most
commonly used in the financial sector

Years Non interest cost/net

income
2014 13185064/2815527 1.98
2015 10309483/2558951 1.92

Interpretation.

Operating Cost to income ratio is decrease as compared to previous year

which shows bank efficiently managed his non interest cost. This is favourable
for bank because that effect on net income with positively. But compared as
2014 operating cost increase.

Equity to Total Assets.

The equity to debt ratio show how much ABL have equity out of total assets.

YEARS EQUITY/TOTAL ASSETS

2014 81564815/843097566 0.072
2015 90124915/992739247 0.098

Interpretation.

This ratio shows the ownership of the bank. In 2015 it is 0.098 while in 2014 it
is only 0.79 which shows in 2015 bank equity are increases.

Non Performing Loan to Total Loan

NPL, are loans that are no longer producing income for the bank that owns
them. Loans become nonperforming when borrowers stop making payments
and the loans enter default. The exact classification can vary from institution

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to institution, but a loan is usually considered to be nonperforming after it has
been in default for three consecutive months.

Credit to Deposit ratio(CD ratio)

YEARS ADVANCES/ DEPOSITS

2014 306057885/667863871 0.76
2015 321647931/734546015 0.71

Interpretation.

Credit to deposit ratio shows how much bank uses deposit to advances. In
2014 bank use 76% deposit for advances but in 2015 bank use 71% deposit for
advances.

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 CHAPTER# 5
SWOT ANALYSIS

The SWOT analysis is a comprehensive and critical overview of the

operations, procedures, rules and regulations, services and other related
activities, the analysis include the analysis of ABL Bank Hangu branch in the
light of the entire branch and Bank specific variables which directly or
indirectly affect the operations of the branch. The tool selected for the analysis
of organization is SWOT analysis.

SWOT analysis is an acronym that stands for Strengths, Weaknesses,

Opportunity and Threats. This is a careful evaluation of an organizations
strengths to avail an opportunity by overcoming its weaknesses and phasing
out all he threats to its survival in order to grow and survive.

5.1 Strengths
This branch is provided with 3 fax machines, more than 7 telephone
connections, which makes communication easier with different
branches
The branch is linked through a online network of 1059 BRANCHES,
thus enabling them to serve customer in better way.
This branch is provided with latest computer which increases the speed
of computer work.
The branch is situated in the commercial hub of Hangu. This location
provides a competitive edge to the Branch.
The branch is situated in commercial area were business activities
perform greater as compare to residential area. Thus it increases the
number of customers.

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5.2 Weaknesses
The Branch has a good staff combination on the basis of experience,
but their training capabilities are not up to the requirements of the fast
changing banking environment.
The technical training of the staff is negligible e.g. in case of the
absence of computer there is no alternate trained personal who can
record the daily transactions.
The organization is very much mechanistic and provides no flexibility
to encourage creativity.
The lower staff is non cooperative as compared the lower staff of other
branches.
The control of manager is not effective.
The discretionary powers of manger are very low to offer more
incentives and value added services to its customers.
There is a lack of commitment and professionalism on part of the
employees. The staff is always in a hurry to leave the bank as soon as
possible. They were also observed to starting their operations
comparatively late.
The organizational culture is not cooperative
Nepotism was observed on part of the manger as well as the top
management towards some staff members.
The branch has no industrial accounts.
The level of technology management in the branch is very low. The
technology available is not maintained well mainly because of the lack
of technically trained staff. For instance the scanner, in spite of its
availability has not been used for scanning the specimen signature
cares.
In spite of the presence of technology many jobs are done manually
such as the letters, drafts for fax messages and other calculations,
which could be easily, done in MS Word and Ms Excel.

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5.3 Opportunities
The biggest opportunity for the ABL Hangu branch is the greater
number of Hindi customers who get their payments through ABL,
Bank branch. These customers can be easily convinced to open their
accounts with ABL.
A considerable portion of the labor force of the area is serving
overseas. Their families can be encouraged to use ABL as channel for
remittances.
The Internet facility in the area provides an opportunity to ABL to get
Online.
The Bank has the basic infrastructure, which can facilitate the online
process.

5.4 Threats
The biggest threat to the operational success of the branch is the better
competitors services. Many private sector banks are offering higher
rates of return to customers than Allied Bank of Pakistan.
Cannibalization of profits is yet another threat to the success of Bank
Branch. The branches of Allied Bank are located very close to the bank
and Hangu branch. All these branches are taking away each others
customers.
One of the biggest to the ABL, Branch is the increasing rate of
dissatisfies customers. Most of these customers were observed to be
dissatisfied with the delays in their servicing.

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 CHAPTER#6
CONCLUSION AND recommendations

6.1Recommendations

During my internship in ABL bank (Ltd) it has a good experience of 6 weeks

and I learn so much about the banking and the working and I also observe
many thing in which some thing are good for the banking business and I
observe some weakness in the ABL branches. the good thing is that most of
the branches are online and connected with the main Bank and the online
system which I like and observe is secure and time saving and there is less
chances of the mistake as compare to non-online bank branches there is also
facility of ATM machine almost all the branches of ABL bank which is good
for bank and the customer too and the working and the functioning of the ABL
bank is smooth and customer oriented and the management is good but there is
also the drawback is that some employees has not professional degree which
makes the difference as compare to the work of the professional degree holder
some employee not paid full attention to the customer and not use the proper
business language with the customer but the professional have the very good
manner and they give proper attention to there customer.

I experienced that the management is hesitate to give internee chance

of working in the cash department because they are not take any risk. Also
some branches have not full decorated and in some branches there is no
installation of rotation camera which is not good for the security.

I conclude through the study and perpetration of the ratio analysis I

conclude that the Net profit margin of the company decrease and it is need to
be improved and Gross spread ratio also decrease need to be improved, non
interest income to total income is relatively increase which is good sign for

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organization . Debt ratio of the company decreased over the years. Re turn on
asset (ROA) increasing on the year base its good because the organization use
its asset effectively and efficiently and there is also need to improve the return
on equity. Price earn ratio is stabilizing over the period of time and the return
of equity has been decreased.

6.2 Recommendations

ABL is one of the leading financial institutions in Pakistan. After

privatization, it has revolutionized the banking industry of Pakistan by
introducing state of the art banking products and services.

ABL has provided an enthusiasm among the young business graduates to

adopt banking as a promising career. This happened because of the ABL s
dynamic strategies that gave a totally new look to the banking industry of
Pakistan.

During my internship at ABL branch, I have learned at lot about the

banking concepts. I worked in various departments of the branch and
interacted with the employees who helped me understanding various
operations of the bank. However, due to my interaction with the staff and my
personal observations, I would like to make a few recommendations that, I
believe, can make the ABL even a better institution.

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 The communication channel should be strong.
EURO Money Awards for ABL should be publicized and propagated
to get more positive opinion of the people.
The technologies and the functions should be in the usability condition.
In most of cases market research and analysis is not carried out
projects are launched with pre-conceived ideas, based on personal
judgments and guesses. This leads to:

Incorrect target and size of market and this incorrect strategies.

Incorrect sales forecast.
Under or over funds/resource deployment.
In order to avoid the consequences of these mistakes, it is very
essential for the Bank to carry out a detail market research/analysis and
prepare a new product plan before launching any venture of expansion
plan.
There are too many rules and regulations within the organization and
the formalization of rules and regulations and procedures is also
relatively high.
The performance appraisal system is ineffective as it fails to measure
the output and productivity of the employees periodically and
numerically. The standardized work system has been little used to
determine the output of the unit work. Therefore, the performance
appraisal systems should be improved.
The selection and recruitment of employees is not done on merit. The
recruitment process suffers from serious drawback. There is no concept
of job description. For recruiting competent employees, hiring process
and job description should be modified and improved. One of the cost
effective methods to select competent employees is to offer internship
programs to graduates form business and management schools.
There exists short-term relationship between the banker and the

56
 customers. The organizational strategy is to get more and more
customers and in this process old customers are lost. It has been
observed that new customer costs five times more than the old
customer. It is, therefore, recommended to retain the old profitable
customers and maintain a customer base, which is fully satisfied so that
it becomes a source of addition.
It is seen that ABL bank has a lot of market share of the unprofitable
customers and other bank are following strict rules to deals with these
customer so ABL should also follow strategy to attract profitable
customer.
It is mentioned earlier that the ABL planning is not proper. Most of
the policies of the bank are not found in the written form due to which
the employees are not aware about these policies. So, the top
management should need to develop awareness among the employees
about the policies and the way to follow them. Planning helps
determining attending training programs without knowing what
managerial personnel will be needed and what experience is required
to deal an enterprise. Furthermore, organization planning can disclose
weaknesses in the organization and other aspects.
The changes in the fiscal and economic policies of the bank with the
change in government need to be eliminated. Fiscal and economic
policies should be stable and not be changed frequently. Rather
banking authorities should make it. Such laws should be made that if
there are changes in the government from time to time, there should be
no change in the prevailing fiscal economic and monetary policies so
that the bank can continue its role in contributing to the economic
development of the country efficiently and effectively.
Proper training programs and refresh courses should be designed for
employees to increase their performance and nurture them with new
concepts. Such programs can be organized in collaboration with
renowned business schools of the country.
Unproductive branches in remote areas should be closed down to

57
 reduce the administrative costs.
The branches that are facing losses should be given special attention to
improve those branches.
Efforts should be made to increase the market share.
Aggressive and proactive management style should be followed to
increase efficiency.
Stuck up portfolio of Finances should be effectively reduced.
Dormant/Non-Operating accounts should be closed to save account
maintenance costs.

Fund Investments should be made after careful analysis.

Bank should disburse its loans to diversified fields.
In ABL Bank, there is misdistribution of work; some people are over
burdened with the work. So I suggest that there should be fair
distribution of work in all the departments.
ABL Bank is only dealing in Money Gram; it should also starting
providing the service of other money transfer lines like Western Union.

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 References

Kock, Timothy W. (1998). Bank Management. Orlando: Dryden Press.

Luthans Fred. 2001. Organizational Behavior. John E. Biernat.
Meenai, S.A. (2001). Money and Banking in Pakistan. Karachi: Oxford
University Press.
Allied Bank Ltd, (2015). Annual Report,
Allied Bank Ltd, (2014). Annual, Report,
http://www.abl.com.pk

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