Designation: B29 14

Standard Specification for

Refined Lead1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B29; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.

1. Scope 3.1.3 Name of material (for example, pure lead),

1.1 This specification covers refined lead in pig, block, or 3.1.4 Size and shape (see Section 6),
hog form. 3.1.5 Grade (see Table 1 and accompanying notes), and
3.1.6 Certification or test report if specified (Section 13).
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical 4. Materials and Manufacture
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only 4.1 Lead shall be supplied in commercial standard forms or
and are not considered standard. shapes requested by the purchaser in the following grades:
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the 4.1.1 Low bismuth low silver pure lead,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 4.1.2 Refined pure lead,
responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar 4.1.3 Pure lead, and
with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate 4.1.4 Chemical copper lead.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material
4.2 The grades of lead listed in 4.1.1 4.1.4 shall be
as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate
produced by any smelting and refining process from ore or
safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of
recycled materials to meet the chemical requirements of this
regulatory limitations prior to use.
specification.
2. Referenced Documents 5. Composition
2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on the 5.1 The lead shall conform to the requirements prescribed in
date of material purchase form a part of this specification to the Table 1 and accompanying notes.
extent referenced herein.
2.2 ASTM Standards:2 6. Sizes and Shapes
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to 6.1 Pigs shall weigh up to a nominal 110 lb (50 kg).
Determine Conformance with Specifications
6.2 Blocks or hogs shall be square or oblong and weigh up
E37 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Pig Lead
to 2530 lb (1150 kg).
E88 Practice for Sampling Nonferrous Metals and Alloys in
Cast Form for Determination of Chemical Composition 7. Appearance
3. Ordering Information 7.1 The lead shall be reasonably free from surface corrosion
and adhering foreign material.
3.1 Orders for refined lead under this specification shall
include the following information: 8. Lot
3.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,
8.1 All lead of the same type produced and cast at one time
3.1.2 Quantity (weight),
shall constitute a lot for chemical analysis. Each pig or block of
the lot shall bear a single identifying number that can be related
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on to the manufacturing lot.
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
B02.02 on Refined Lead, Tin, Antimony, and Their Alloys. 9. Sampling for Chemical Analysis
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014. Published December 2014. Originally
approved in 1919. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as B29 03 (2009). DOI: 9.1 The sample for chemical analysis shall be selected by
10.1520/B0029-14.
2
one of the following methods:
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
9.1.1 Test samples taken from the lot during casting, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on 9.1.2 Test samples taken from the final solidified cast
the ASTM website. product.

Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

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 B29 14
TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsA,B
Composition (Weight Percent)
Low Bismuth
Grade Low Silver Refined Pure Pure Lead, Chemical-
Pure Lead, Lead, maxD max Copper LeadE
maxC
Sb 0.0005 0.0005 0.001 0.001 max
As 0.0005 0.0005 0.001 0.001 max
Sn 0.0005 0.0005 0.001 0.001 max
Sb As and Sn ... ... 0.002 0.002 max
Cu 0.0010 0.0010 0.0015 0.0400.080
Ag 0.0010 0.0075 0.010 0.020 max
Bi 0.0015 0.025 0.05 0.025 max
Zn 0.0005 0.001 0.001 0.001 max
Te 0.0001 0.0002 ... ...
Ni 0.0002 0.0002 0.0005 0.002 max
Fe 0.0002 0.001 0.001 0.002 max
Se ... 0.0005 .001 .001 max
S ... 0.001 .002 .001 max
Al ... 0.0005 .0005 .0005 max
Cd ... 0.0005 .0005 .0003 max
Lead (min) by 99.995 99.97 99.94 99.90
difference
UNS Number L50006 L50021 L50049 L51121
A
The following applies to all specified limits in Table 1: For the purpose of
determining conformance with this specification, an observed value obtained from
the analysis shall be rounded off to the nearest unit in the last right hand place
of figures used in expressing the limiting value, in accordance with the rounding
method of Practice E29.
B
By agreement between the purchaser and the supplier, analyses may be
required and limits established for elements or compounds not specified in Table
1.
C
This grade is intended for chemical applications where low silver and low
bismuth contents are required. This is a common primary standard.
D
This grade is intended for lead acid battery applications.
E
This grade is intended for applications requiring corrosion protection and
formability.

FIG. 1 Method of Sampling Lead by Sawing

9.2 Sampling for Lot AnalysisThe supplier may obtain

samples from the lot of molten metal during casting. All or part 9.3.3 Sample PreparationEach pig shall be cleaned thor-
of these samples may be cast into shapes suitable for use in oughly to rid the surface of dirt or adhering foreign material
spectrographic analytical methods. This is the preferred prior to sampling by one of the following methods: sawing,
method for determining lot chemistry. The samples should be drilling, or melting.
taken in such a way that they are representative of the material 9.3.3.1 SawingThe pigs selected shall be sawed com-
cast. pletely through as illustrated in Fig. 1. The sawings from the
pigs shall be mixed thoroughly and quartered, and the samples
9.3 Sampling of Cast Product:
for analysis taken from the mixed material. The sawings must
9.3.1 If the lead is in the form of standard pigs (Fig. 1), the be free of extraneous material introduced from the saw blade.
sample for chemical analysis shall be taken in accordance with All sawings shall be treated with a strong magnet in order to
9.3.3.1, 9.3.3.2, or 9.3.3.3. The method of sampling in 9.3 does remove iron introduced by sawing.
not apply to alloys that exhibit segregation of alloy agents 9.3.3.2 DrillingThe pigs shall be drilled at least halfway
during casting. This means the calcium aluminum alloy are not through from two opposite sides as illustrated in Fig. 2. A drill
to be sampled according to this procedure. The preferred of about 12 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter shall be used. In drilling,
method of determining lot chemistry for calcium aluminum the holes shall be spaced along a diagonal line from one corner
lots is suppler sampling of quick frozen wafers during casting. of the pig to the other. Holes may be made in a single pig or in
9.3.1.1 If the pigs differ in shape from those shown in Fig. each of several pigs placed as illustrated in Fig. 2. The drillings
1 or the product is cast into blocks or hogs, the supplier and the shall be clipped into pieces not over 12 in. (12.7 mm) in length,
purchaser shall agree mutually as to the method to be followed mixed thoroughly, and treated with a strong magnet to remove
in sampling such shapes. iron introduced by drilling.
9.3.2 Sampling Pig LeadA portion representative of the 9.3.3.3 MeltingWhole pigs, portions of pigs produced by
total shipment shall be selected at random for the final sample. sawing, drillings, or sawings shall be melted in a clean vessel.
For lots containing at least 100 000 lb (45 400 kg) of pig lead, The melting temperature must not exceed 685F (363C) to
one pig shall be taken from every 20 000 lb (9080 kg). For prevent excessive drossing. The lead must be stirred immedi-
smaller lots, a total of five pigs shall be taken. ately prior to sampling. The molten lead shall be cast into

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 B29 14
11. Inspection
11.1 Inspection of the material shall be agreed upon be-
tween the purchaser and the supplier as part of the purchase
contract.
12. Rejection and Rehearing
12.1 Material that fails to conform to the requirements of
this specification may be rejected. Rejection should be reported
to the supplier promptly and in writing. In case of dissatisfac-
tion with the results of the test, the supplier may make claim
for a rehearing.
NOTE 1Pigs selected for sampling shall be placed side by side, every
12.2 Rejection shall be considered as follows:
other pig bottom side up, and sampled according to template in sets of five 12.2.1 Variation of weight, quantity, dimensions, or work-
pigs each as indicated above. The pigs shall be drilled at least halfway manship.
through: when a larger sample is desired, the pigs shall be turned over and 12.2.2 Chemical composition.
sampled on the other diagonal. 12.2.2.1 In case of dispute, the material shall be sampled in
FIG. 2 Method of Sampling Lead by Drilling
the presence of both parties in accordance with 9.3.
12.2.2.2 The resulting sample (at least 1800 g) shall be
shapes suitable for use in spectrographic analysis, cast into thin mixed and separated into three equal parts, each of which shall
sample bars not to exceed 38 in. (9.5 mm) thick for sawing, or be placed in a sealed package, one for the supplier, one for the
granulated by pouring into distilled water and drying the purchaser, and one for the umpire if necessary, and analyzed in
material thoroughly. For sample bars, saw cuts shall be made accordance with Test Methods E37.
halfway across the bar from each side and staggered so that 12.3 When the lead metal satisfies the chemical and physi-
they are about 12 in. (12.7 mm) apart. The sawings so produced cal requirements of this specification, it shall not be con-
are treated in accordance with 9.3.3.1. demned for defects in manufacturing or for defects of alloys or
9.3.4 Sample Size: products in which it is used.
9.3.4.1 For spectrographic analysis, three samples shall be
prepared of a size and shape satisfactory for use by the 13. Certification
laboratory at which the analysis is to be made. 13.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract, the
9.3.4.2 For wet chemical analysis, each prepared sample purchaser shall be furnished certification that samples repre-
(sawings, drillings, or granules) shall weigh at least 600 g.3 senting each lot have been tested as directed in this specifica-
9.3.5 Aspects of sampling and sample preparation not tion and the requirements have been met. When specified in the
specifically covered in this specification shall be carried out in purchase order or contract, a certified report of the test results
accordance with Practice E88. shall be furnished.
10. Methods of Chemical Analyses 14. Marking and Special Requirements
10.1 The chemical compositions enumerated in Table 1 of 14.1 A brand, by which the supplier can be identified, shall
this specification shall, in case of disagreement, be determined be cast or marked legibly upon each pig, block, or hog. In
by wet chemical or spectrographic methods mutually agreed addition, other markings shall identify the material by type and
upon by the supplier and the purchaser. lot number.
10.2 By agreement between the purchaser and the supplier, 14.2 (Any) special marking, color code, and other quality
analyses may be required and limits established for elements or requirements not covered by this specification shall be agreed
compounds not specified in Table 1. upon between the supplier and the purchaser.
15. Keywords
3
Fox, G. J., Determination of As, Sb, and Te in Lead and Lead Alloys Using
Hydride Generation Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, Atomic Spectroscopy, Vol 15.1 chemical-copper lead; lead; lead metal; pure lead;
11, No.1, January 1990, p. 13. refined pure lead

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 B29 14
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