Basics

Who: Nugu / Dugu

What : Mwoyeyo (pronunciation: moh-eh-yo)

When : Onje (pronunciation: on-jay)

Where: Odi (pronunciation: oh-dee)

Why: Wey (pronunciation: way)

How: Otoke (pronunciation: oh-toh-kay)

Family/ People

Ommoni (pron: oh-mo-ni): Mom

Aboji (pron: ah-boh-gee): Dad

Haraboji (pron: hara-boh-ji): Grandfather

Halmoni (pron: hal-moh-ni): Grandmother

When (young siblings or close friends) speak to older siblings/friends:

Hyung : Older brother (if youre male)

Noona: Older sister (if youre male)

Oppa: Older brother (if youre female) Used between siblings and friends, but between people
who are not related, it can carry a romantic connotation.
Unni : Older sister (if youre a female)

When (older siblings or close friends) speak to younger siblings/friends:

Dong-sang (pron: dohng-san) * refers to a blood sibling or close friend, whom you treat as a younger
sibling. Dongsang applies to both genders, but its opposites are gender-specific (see hyung, oppa,
and unni).

Ajumma (pron: ah-ju-mah) *A middle-aged woman. Can be used for a close friend of the family, or
a stranger. Can be made more formal as ajumoni.
Ajusshi (pron: ah-ju-she) *A middle-aged man. Can be used for a close friend of the family, or a
stranger.

Love and Marriage

Sarang-he (pron: sah-rahng-hey): I love you

Bianeyo (pron: m/bi-ah-nay-oh): Im sorry

Panji (pron: pahn-jee): Ring

Namja (pron: nahm-jah): Man

Yobo (pron: yoh-boh): Honey (term used for spouses only)

Rich/Poor topics

Agasshi (pronunciation: aga-she): Young lady

Napayo (pronunciation: na-pa-yo): Bad

Chaebol (pronunciation: chay-bowl): Rich family (who owns a conglomerate) *A list of real life SK
chaebol families here. Note Sameung and LG.
Numeral Sino-Korean (China System) Native Korean (Korea System)

1 (il) (hana)

2 (i) (dul)

3 (sam) (set)

4 (sa) (net)

5 (o) (daseot)

6 (yuk) (yeoseot)

7 (chil) (ilgop)

8 (pal) (yeodeol)

9 (gu) (ahop)

10 (ship) (yeol)

11 (shipil) (yeolhana)

12 (shipi) (yeoldul)

13 (shipsam) (yeolset)

14 (shipsa) (yeolnet)

15 (shipo) (yeoldaseot)

16 (shipnuk) (yeolyeoseot)

17 (shipchil) (yeolilgob)

18 (ship-pal) (yeolyeodeol)

19 (shipgu) (yeolahop)

20 (iship) (seumul)
Numeral Sino-Korean (China System) Native Korean (Korea System)

30 (samship) (seoreun)

40 (saship) (maheun)

50 (oship) (swin)

60 (yukship) (yesun)

70 (chilship) (ilheun)

80 (palship) (yeodeun)

90 (guship) (aheun)

100 (baek)

200 (ibaek)

300 (sambaek)

400 (sabeak)

500 (obeak)

600 (yukbaek)

700 (chilbaek)

800 (palbaek)

900 (gubaek)

1000 (cheon)

2000 (icheon)

3000 (samcheon)

4000 (sacheon)

5000 (ocheon)
Numeral Sino-Korean (China System) Native Korean (Korea System)

6000 (yukcheon)

7000 (chilcheon)

8000 (palcheon)

9000 (gucheon)

10 000 (man)

20 000 (iman)

30 000 (samman)

40 000 (saman)

50 000 (oman)

60 000 (yukman)

70 000 (chilman)

80 000 (palman)

90 000 (guman)

100 000 (shipman)

1 000 000 (baekman)

10 000 000 (cheonman)

100 000 000 (ileok)

1 000 000 000 (shibeok)

10 000 000 000 (baekeok)

100 000 000 000 (cheoneok)

The two systems are used at different times and for different purposes. One system
will be used at a given time, depending on the purpose of communication. The only
exception where the two systems are mixed is for telling time. We say the hours
using the Korea System and the minutes using the China System!

The China System is used for time (minutes), units of time, the names of months,
money, saying phone numbers, measurements, and so much more!

Also, since the Korean System only goes up to 99, its used for any number 100 or
greater by default. Its a very useful system!

On the other hand, the Korea System is used for counting things and people, age,
time (hours) and for counting in general!
 nyeon for year;
weol for month;
il for day;
ojeon for a.m.; ohu for p.m.;
si for hour;
bun for minute; and
cho for second.
1. : to come
2. : to drink
3. : to eat
4. : to give
5. : to go
6. : to hear
7. : to learn
8. : to make
9. : to sit
10. : to sleep
11. : to wash
12. : to write
13. : to cry
14. : to have
15. : to laugh
16. : to see
17. : to get up
18. : to walk
19. : to dance
20. : to meet
21. : to study
22. : to drive
23. : to buy
24. : to read
25. : to order
26. : to wear
27. : to take (picture)
28. : to wear (hat, eyewear)
29. : to wear (shoes, socks, footwear)
30. : to borrow, lend
31. : to telephone
32. : to talk, speak
33. : to teach
34. : to wait
35. : to call, dial
36. : to clean
37. : to ride
38. : to exit
39. : to enter
40. : to ask
41. : to need
42. : to help
43. : to open
44. : to close
45. : to work
46. : to rest
47. : to exercise
48. : to think
49. : to know
50. : to not know
51. : to cook
52. : to boil
53. : to chop, slice
54. : to deep fry
55. : to measure, weigh
56. : to mix, blend
57. : to roast, grill, bake
58. : to fry
59. : to steam
60. : to stir
61. : to do
62. : to have
63. : to not have
64. : to talk, chat
65. : to practice
66. : to ask
67. : to pay
68. : to live
69. : to die
70. : to be born
71. : to love
72. : to like
73. : to hate, dislike
74. : to marry
75. : to congratulate
76. : to worry
77. : to promise
78. : to lie
79. : to confess
80. : to be sorry
81. : to find, to look for
82. ; to prepare
83. : to have
84. : to remember
85. : to dream
86. : to start
87. : to finish
88. : to send
89. : to use
90. : to sell
91. : to fight
92. : to answer
93. : to introduce
94. : to depart
95. : to arrive
96. : to undress, take off clothes
97. : to win, defeat
98. : to lose, be defeated
99. : to hurry, rush
100. : to fall in love
 Grilled Foods
English Hangul Pronunciation

barbecued beef bulgogi

broiled beef tripe and chitterlings yang gobchang-gui

broiled eel jangeo-gui

broiled short ribs galbi-gui

grilled chicken dak-gui

grilled fish saengseon-gui

grilled side of pork samgyeopsal-gui

grilled sirloin deungshim-gui

grilled tenderloin ansihm-gui

grilled toduk root deodeok-gui

broiled flatfish gajami-gui

seasoned and grilled yellow dried pollack hwangtae-gui

broiled Spanish mackerel samchi-gui

Kimchi Types
English Hangul Pronunciation

chopped radish kimchi ggakdugi

ponytail kimchi chonggak kimchi

red water kimchi nabak kimchi

rolled kimchi bossam kimchi

summer green water kimchi yeolmumul kimchi

white cabbage kimchi baek kimchi

whole cabbage kimchi baechu kimchi

winter white water kimchi dong chimi

Meat Dishess
English Hangul Pronunciation

barbecued beef bulgogi

broiled short ribs galbi-gui

ginseng chicken soup samgye-tang

grilled side of pork samgyeopsal-gui

grilled sirloin deungshim-gui

grilled tenderloin ansihm-gui

Korean sausage sundae

chicken tongdak

beef boiled in soy jangjorim

pork hock jokbal

variety vegetable wrap with rice and meat bossam

slices of boiled pork pyeonyuk

seasoned shredded beef yukhoe

Noodle Dishes
English Hangul Pronunciation

buckwheat noodles with clear chicken soup makguksu

buckwheat noodles with raw fish hoe naengmyon

cold noodles in soup naengmyeon

hot spicy noodles jjolmyeon

handmade noodles kalguksu

Japanese noodles udong

mixed vegetables with noodles japchae

noodles in soy bean water naengkongguksu

ramyon ramyeon

spicy buckwheat noodles bibim naengmyon

watery buckwheat noodles mul naengmyon

wheat flour noodles guksu

noodle casserole guksu jeongol

buckwheat noodles memil guksu

Rice Dishes
English Hangul Pronunciation

five-grain rice ogokbap

fried rice bokgeumbap

kimchi fried rice kimchi bokkeumbap

mixed vegetables on rice bibimbap

rice wrapped in seaweed gimbap

sizzling vegetables on rice dolsot bibimbap

stir-fried octopus nakji bokkeumbap

rice ball jumukbap

broiled scorched rice nurungji bap

boiled rice mixed with vegetables dolsotbap

boiled rice with various nutritious ingredients yeongyang bap

Seafood Dishes
English Hangul Pronunciation

broiled eel jangeo-gui

grilled fish saengseon-gui

broiled Spanish mackerel samchi-gui

seasoned and grilled yellow dried pollack hwangtae-gui

broiled flatfish gajami-gui

hot spicy fish soup maeun-tang

octopus stew nakji-jeongol

stir-fried octopus nakji bokkeum

blue crab marinated in soy sauce ganjang gejang

spicy bai top shells with mixed vegetables golbaengi muchim

blue crab stew kkotge-tang

abalone porridge jeonbok juk

mixed raw skate and vegetables with seasoning hongeohoemuchim

boiled down hairtail galchi jorim

Herbs & Vegetables

English Hangul Pronunciation

bellflower root salad doraji namul

boiled and seasoned bean sprouts kong namul

eggplant steamed or fried gaji namul

mung bean sprouts salad sukju namul

parboiled fern bracken salad gosari namul

scientific name: Ligularia fischeri chwi namul

summer squash pan fried or braised hobak namul

acorn jelly dotorimuk

Soups
English Hangul Pronunciation

bean sprout soup kongnamul-guk

chilled cucumber soup oinaeng-guk

dried pollack soup bukeoguk

dumpling soup mandu-guk

ginseng chicken soup samgye-tang

hot spicy fish soup maeun-tang

potato soup gamja-tang

seafood soup haemul-tang

blue crab stew kkotge-tang

hot spicy stew soup yukgaejang

knuckle bone soup dogani-tang

loach and bean paste soup chueo-tang

ox bone and stew meat stock soup seolleong-tang

ox short rib soup galbi-tang

ox tail soup ggori gom-tang

spicy fish egg soup altang

rice cake soup ddeok-guk

sea mustard in chilled vinegar water miyeoknaeng-guk

sea mustard soup miyeok-guk

stew meat and tripe soup gom-tang

sunrise soup haejang-guk

boiled chicken stuffed with rice and ginseng dakbaeksuk

Stews
English Hangul Pronunciation

army base stew budae-jjiggae

bean paste stew doenjang-jjigae

beef and vegetable stew sogogi-jeongol

fairy casserole shinseollo

fast fermented bean paste stew cheonggukjang-jjiggae

kimchi stew kimchi-jjiggae

octopus stew nakji-jeongol

raw bean curd stew sundubu-jjigae

seasoned entrails and vegetable stew gopchang-jeongol

beef rib and octopus casserole gallak jeongol

kimchi casserole kimchi jeongol

short rib stew galbi-jjim

Stir-fried/Fried Foods & Pancakes

English Hangul Pronunciation
kimchi fried rice kimchi bokkeum

sauteed mushroom salad beoseot bokkeum

stir-fried octopus nakji bokkeum

flat cake buchimgae

pancake with welsh onion pajeon

potato pancake gamjajeon

pan-fried meat gogijeon

pan-fried kimchi with flour kimchi jeon

green-bean (lentil) pancake bindaeduk

Snacks
English Hangul Pronunciation

dumplings mandu

Korean sausage sundae

rice wrapped in seaweed gimbap

stir fried rice cake tteokbokki

pancake stuffed with brown sugar, cinnamon, and nuts etc hoduk

deep fried foods tuigim

deep fried dough stuffed with vegetables and others goroke

deep fried sweet potato with syrup mattang

Western Dishes
English Hangul Pronunciation

pork cutlet donkkaseu

chicken cutlet chikinkkaseu

fish cutlet saengsunkkaseu

lobster badagajae

hamburger made with bulgogi meat Bulgogi Burger

beef cutlet beefggaseu

rice with shrimp and mozzarella cheese saeu doria

curry and rice kareraiseu

mushroom gratin beoseotgeuratang

Chinese Dishes
English Hangul Pronunciation

stir-fried noodles with chinese bean sauce jajangmyeon

spicy seafood noodle soup jjambbong

sweet and sour pork tangsuyuk

stir-fried pimento with meat and vegetables gochu japchae

fried meat dumplings gunmandu

fried chicken with garlic sauce kkanpunggi

stir-fried minced meat balls with mixed vegetables nanjawanseu

steamed chinese rolls kkotppang

fried shrimp with chili sauce kkanso saeu

stir-fried chicken with hot sauce rajogi

stir-fried mixed seafood and vegetables ryusanseul

stir-fried tofu with minced meat in hot sauce mapa dubu

stir-fried rice with egg and vegetables bokeumbap

stir-fried rice with seafood samseon bokeumbap

udon with seafood samseon udong

noodle soup with mixed seafood in hot sauce samseon jjamppong

pried shrimp balls saeu wanja

shark's fin shark's fin

cold vegetable dish yangjangpi

omelet with rice omelet rice

stir-fried noodles with vegetables and rice japchaebap

stir-fried mixed seafood with rice japtangbap

rice with Chinese bean sauce jjajangbap

sauteed mixed seafood palbochae

Japanese Dishes
English Hangul Pronunciation

shabu shabu syabeusyabeu

dried laver with vinegar rice gimchobap

sushi saengseon chobap

vinegar rice in a piece of fried bean curd yubuchobap

boiled rice topped with eel jangeo deopbap

sashimi sasimi

sukiyaki Seukkiyakki

rice topped with fish eggs albap

boiled fish paste casserole and rice with side dishes odeng jeongol
 Drinks
English Hangul Pronunciation

beer maekju

Korean distilled liquor soju

wine podoju

raw rice wine makkoli

clear soda pop Saida

black tea hongcha

green tea nokcha

sweet drink made from fermented rice shikhye

fruit punch made of honey sujeonggwa

ice coffee naengcofi

ice flakes with syrup bingsu

General Words for Foods

English Hangul Pronunciation

rice bap

rice cake duk

bread bbang

cookie gwaja

soup juk

soup guk

stew tang

stew jjige

kimchi kimchi
herbs or wild greens namul

fish sengseon

meat gogi

beef so-gogi

pork degigogi

chicken tak-gogi

grilled pancake chon

rice topped with other ingredients dob-bap

rice served in soup kook-bap

steamed dish jjim

stew jeongol

hard-boiled food jorim

raw fish hoe

tea cha

alcoholic drink sul

dried laver kim

brown seaweed miyeok

kelp dasima

http://artsonline.monash.edu.au/wp-content/arts-files/korean/assets/my-korean/my-korean2-1st-
ed.pdf

http://artsonline.monash.edu.au/wp-content/arts-files/korean/assets/my-korean/my-korean1-2nd-
ed.pdf