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    Spring T

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    Tanu Rd
    The document describes an experiment to determine the stiffness of a helical spring and the modulus of rigidity of a close-coiled helical spring. It details the apparatus used, theory behind springs, procedure for the experiment, observations recorded and equations to calculate stiffness and modulus of rigidity.

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    Spring T

    Uploaded by

    Tanu Rd
    74 views4 pages
    The document describes an experiment to determine the stiffness of a helical spring and the modulus of rigidity of a close-coiled helical spring. It details the apparatus used, theory behind springs, procedure for the experiment, observations recorded and equations to calculate stiffness and modulus of rigidity.

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    Spring-T

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    The document describes an experiment to determine the stiffness of a helical spring and the modulus of rigidity of a close-coiled helical spring. It details the apparatus used, theory behind springs, procedure for the experiment, observations recorded and equations to calculate stiffness and modulus of rigidity.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    74 views4 pages

    Spring T

    Uploaded by

    Tanu Rd
    The document describes an experiment to determine the stiffness of a helical spring and the modulus of rigidity of a close-coiled helical spring. It details the apparatus used, theory behind springs, procedure for the experiment, observations recorded and equations to calculate stiffness and modulus of rigidity.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    You are on page 1of 4

    TEST ON SPRINGS

    AIM:

    To determine the stiffness of the spring and modulus of rigidity of the close-coiled
    Helical spring.

    APPARATUS:

    i) Spring testing machine.


    ii) A close-coiled Helical spring.
    iii) Vernier caliper, Scale.
    iv) Micrometer.
    THEORY:

    Springs are the elastic bodies, which absorb energy due to resilience. The absorbed
    energy may be released as and when required. A spring which is capable of absorbing the
    greatest amount of energy for the given stress, without getting permanently disturbed is known as
    the best spring.The resilience of a material to elastic deformation is called stiffness. A material,
    which suffers slight deformation under load, has a high degree of stiffness.
    They are used in railway carriages, motor cars, scooters, motorcycles, rickshaws,
    governors etc. According to their uses the springs perform the following Functions:

    1) To absorb shock or impact loading as in carriage springs.


    2) To store energy as in clock springs.
    3) To apply forces to and to control motions as in brakes and clutches.
    4) To measure forces as in spring balances.
    5) To change the variations characteristic of a member as in flexible
    mounting of motors.

    The spring is usually made of either high carbon steel (0.7 to 1.0%) or medium carbon
    alloy steels. Phosphor bronze, brass, 18/8 stainless steel and Monel and other metal alloys are
    used for corrosion resistance spring. Several types of spring are available for different
    application.
    Springs may classified as helical springs, leaf springs and flat spring depending upon
    their shape. They are fabricated of high shear strength materials such as high carbon alloy steels
    spring form elements of not only mechanical system but also structural system. In several cases it
    is essential to idealize complex structural systems by suitable spring.

    Let d = Diameter of spring wire.


    P = Pitch of the Helical spring.
    N = Number of coils.
    r = Mean radius of spring coil.
    W = Axial load on spring.
    C = Modulus of rigidity.
    fs = Maximum shear stress induced in the wire.
    = Deflection of spring due to axial load.
    L = Length of wire.
    Then

    L=

    fs = T/I =

    Strain energy stored =

    Work done = =

    So =

    Stiffness (S) = Load per unit Deflection.

    PROCEDURE:-

    1) Measure the diameter of the wire of the spring by using the micrometer.
    2) Measure the diameter of spring coils by using the vernier caliper
    3) Count the number of turns.
    4) Insert the spring in the spring testing machine and load the spring by a suitable weight and
    note the corresponding axial deflection in tension or compression.
    5) Increase the load and take the corresponding axial deflection readings.
    6) Plot a curve between load and deflection. The shape of the curve gives the stiffness of the
    spring.

    PRECAUTION:-

    1) The dimension of spring was measured accurately.


    2) Deflection obtained in spring was measured accurately

    OBESERVATION

    Diameter of the spring wire, d =mm


    (Mean of three readings)

    Diameter of the spring coil, D = mm


    (Mean of three readings)

    Mean coil diameter, Dm = D - dmm

    Number of turns, N =

    S.NO Load,W in N. Deflection,() Stiffness K = W /


    (mm) N / mm

    Mean k =

    N(8WDm3)
    Modulus of rigidity, C= -------------- =
    d4

    RESULT:

    The value of spring constant k of closely coiled helical spring is


    found to be------------ N / mm

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