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Chapter 10 ~ Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 Structure {Paper02} [MRSM11-05] Diagram 5.1 shows the apparatus set up for the reaction between 40.0 cm of 0.1 mol dm’ hydrochloric acid and excess small calcium carbonate chips. i Hydrochloric acid Asid hidroklorik Calcium carbonate Kalsium karbonat Diagram 5.1 ‘The volume of gas produced is measured at 30 second intervals. Table 5.2 shows the results obtained. Time(s) | 0. 30 60, 90, 120 150 180 | 210 |240 | 270 Volume | 0.00 | 13.00 | 22.00 | 28.50 | 34.00 | 39.00 | 42.50 | 45.00 | 45.00 | 45.00 of gas produced {cm*) Table 5.2 (a) Write the chemical equation for the reaction. [2M] (b) Draw the graph of volume of gas produced against time. [3M] (q From the graph, determine the rate of reaction at 60 seconds. [2M] (d) On the graph that you have drawn in 5(b) sketch a curve that you would get if the experiment is repeated using excess large calcium carbonate chips. [1M] ‘www cikguadura. wordpress.com 83 Adura Aclin Ishak | Update 01 Feb 2012 |Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 ‘www.cikguadura. wordpress.com 34 ‘Adura Azlin Ishak | Update 01 Feb 2012 |Sinee 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 (c) Based on collision theory, explain how the size of calcium carbonate affects the rate of reaction. [3M] [MRSM04-05] An experiment was done to determine the rate of reaction between 50 cm® hydrochloric acid 0.1 mol dm- and excess calcium carbonate chips. The volume of gas evolved during the reaction is recorded every 20 seconds as shown in Table 2. Time(s) [0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160) Total volume of CO; os evolved em’) 0.00 | 24.00 | 33.00 | 39.00 | 43.50 | 46.50 | 48.00 | 49.00 | 49.00 Table 2 (a) Write the chemical equation for this reaction. [1M] (b) Draw the graph of the volume of carbon dioxide gas against time on the graph paper. [4M] (c] Based on the graph in (b), how does the rate of reaction changes with time? Explain your answer. [2M] (d) Calculate the rate of reaction at 80 seconds. [2M] \www.cikguadura.wordpress.com 35 Adura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 ‘www.cikguadura. wordpress.com 86 Adura Aclin Ishak | Update 01 Feb 2012 |Since 2007Chapter 10 ~ Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 (e) Suggest two ways to increase the rate of reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid. [2M] [SPM09-05] Diagram 5 shows two sets of experiment to study the factor affecting the rate of reaction between hydrochloric acid, HCl and calcium carbonate, CaCOs. ne ee “60 om? of 100m? cm ot gas 0.25 mol dmv HCI [Tom gas After 3 minutes = Selepas 3 minit Excess CaCO; chips Ketulan CaCO; berlebihan 100 cm? 0-50 mol dm HCI 120 cm? of gas 120 em? gas After 3 minutes Selepas 3 minit Excess CaCO, chips Ketulan CaCO, berlebihan Diagram 5 (a) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction in these experiments.[2M] (b) What is the reading needed to be recorded in both experiments to determine the rate of reaction in 3 minute? [1M] (c} Calculate the average rate of reaction in set I. [1M] (d)(i) Compare the rate of reaction in set | and set I. Explain your answer based on the factor affecting the rate of reaction. [2M] ‘www cikguadura. wordpress.com 37 Adura Aclin Ishak | Update 01 Feb 2012 |Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 (iiJExplain the answer in 5(d)(i) with reference to the collision theory.[3M] (e) Sketch the graph of the volume of carbon dioxide gas produced against time for both sets of experiment in the first 3 minute. [2M] Volume of carbon dioxide (em?) si padu karbon dioksida (em) Time (min) ‘Masa (min) [SBPtrial04-04] {Translate} ‘Two experiments were done to determine the reaction between acid with sodium carbonate powder. Table below shows the time taken to collect 25.0 cm® gas released for every experiment. Experiment | Mixture of substance of experiment | Temperature/°C_|Time/s 1 20.0 cm? of 1.0 mol dm? hydrochloric 28.0 60 acid + 4.0 g sodium carbonate powder 20.0 em® of 1.0 mol dm: ethanoic acid a + 4.0 g sodium carbonate powder aoe ED (a) Write the ionic equation for the reaction happen. [1M] (b) Used collision theory, explain why the time taken for experiment | is shorter than experiment Il. [3M] \www.cikguadura.wordpress.com 38 Adura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 (c) Draw the diagram for set-up in the experiment. [2M] (@)( i) Calculate the mass of sodium carbonate, NaxCOs reacted with acid to produce 25 cm‘ of gas. [3M] [1 mol of gas occupies 24 dm® at room condition, Relative atomic mass: Na=23, C=12, O=16] (e) Calculate the average of rate of reaction for experiment I. [1M] \www.cikguadura.wordpress.com 39 Adura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 [MRsM07-04] An experiment is carried out to study the effect of concentration on rate of reaction. 50.0 cm? of 0.5 mol dm“ hydrochloric acid and excess granulated calcium carbonate is put into a conical flask and is placed on an electronic balance as shown in Diagram 4. The mass of the conical flask and its contents is recorded at 60 seconds intervals. hydrochloric acid asid hidroklorik calcium carbonate kalstum karbonat electronic balance neraca elektronik: Diagram 4 Table 4 shows the results. Time/s. 0 60 | 120 [ 180 | 240 | 300 | 360 | 420 | 480 Balance readings/ | 140-6 | 140.4 | 140.3 | 140.3 | 140.2 | 140.2 | 140.2 | 140.2 | 140.2 e 4 8 7 1 6 2 0 0 0 Table + (a) Give the definition of rate of reaction. [1M[ (b) Explain why the mass of the conical flask and its content decreases with time. [1M] (c) Based on Table 4, plot a graph of the mass of the conical flask and its content versus time on the graph paper below. [3M] (q) (i) Calculate the mass of carbon dioxide gas produced. [1M] \www.cikguadura.wordpress.com 40 Adura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 ‘www.cikguadura. wordpress.com a Adura Aclin Ishak | Update 01 Feb 2012 |Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 (ii) Calculate the expected volume of gas produced at room condition. [1 mol of gas occupies 24 dm at room condition; relative molecular mass of CO: is 44] [SBPtrial1 1-05] A student carried out two experiments to investigate the effects of the factor influencing the rate of reaction. Table 5 shows the results of the experiments. Experiment | Set up of the apparatus Temperature/ | Time taken for all EC the magnesium to dissolve/s Excess hydrochloric acid Asid hydroklorik I berlebihan 30 50 024g magnesium ribbon 5 0.24g pita magnesium Excess hydrochloric acid Asid hydroklorik 0 berlebihan 40 20 0.24 magnesium ribbon 0.24 g pita magnesium Diagram 5 (a) (i) What is the factor that influences the rate of reaction in both experiment. [1M] swww.cikguadura.wordpress.com a Adura Azlin Ishak | Update 01 Feb 2012 |Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 (ii) Calculate the maximum volume of hydrogen gas produced. [2M] [Relative atomic mass : Mg = 24 ; molar gas volume = 24 dm3mol- at room condition] (b) Calculate the average rate of reaction in [2M] (i) Experiment I: (ii) Experiment I: (c) (i) Compare the rate of reaction between Experiment I and Experiment II, [1M] (ii) Explain the answer in (c)(i) with reference to the collision theory. [3M] (d) Sketch the graphs for the volume of hydrogen gas against time for Experiment I and Exeriment II on the same axes. [2M] \www.cikguadura.wordpress.com 43 Adura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 [sBPtrialos-04] ‘Two experiments were carried out to investigate factors that affect the rate of reaction. Table 4 shows the description of each experiment. Total volume of Experiment Reactant Temperature, gas collected at 2 minutes (em) Excess zinc powder + 20 cm® I of 0.1 mol dm* sulphuric acid | 30 20.0 Excess zinc powder + 20 cm* I of 0.1 mol dm* sulphuric acid 30 32.0 + copper(II) sulphate solution Table 4 (a) Draw a diagram of the set-up of apparatus to carry out this experiment. [2M] cal equation for the reaction between zinc and sulphuric acid. [1M] (b) Write the chemi (c) Calculate the average rate of the reaction for the first two minutes of experiment I and experiment II in cm? s“, [2M] Experiment I: Experiment Il: \www.cikguadura.wordpress.com “4 Adura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 (a) Calculate the maximum volume of gas produced in experiment II. [2M] [1 mol of gas occupies 24 dm? at room condition] (c) Compare the rate of reaction between experiment I and experiment II, explain why there is a difference in the rate of reaction based on the collision theory. [3M] [SPM11-02] In an experiment to investigate the rate of reaction, 50.0 cm of 0. 2 mol dm“ sodium thiosulphate solution and 5.0 cm® of 1.0 mol dm: of sulphuric acid, are used. The sulphur formed can be used to measure the rate of reaction. tion is given below. ‘The equation for the ree NavS.0s + H2S0; > NasS0i + SQ, + S + HO (a) What is the colour of sulphur? [1M] (b) The number of moles of a solute can be calculated using the formula, n = MV. [n = Number of moles of solute (mol), M = Molarity of solution (mol dm), V = Volume of solution (dm*)} Calculate: (i). The number of mole of sodium thiosulphate in the solution. [1M] \www.cikguadura.wordpress.com 48 Adura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 (ii) The number of mole of sulphuric acid. [1M] (c). Based on the answers in 2(b)(i) and 2(bj(ii), name the reactant which determines the quantity of sulphur formed at the end of the reaction. [1M] (d) (i). State three factors that can affect the rate of reaction in this experiment. [3M] (ii) Using the collision theory, explain how any one of the factors in 2(d)(i) increases the rate of reaction. [2M] [SBPmidyearF508-05] Table 5 shows the data of two experiments that have been carried out to determine the rate of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen gas by using manganase(IV) oxide as a catalyst Experiment | Volume of hydrogen | Concentration of hydrogen peroxide/em* peroxide/mol dm I 20 2 1 20 4 Table 5 (a) Write the chemical equation for decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. [1M] \www.cikguadura.wordpress.com 46 Adura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 (b) Calculate the volume of oxygen gas released in experiment I at room condition. [1 mole of gas occupies 24 dm: at room condition][3M] (c) (i) Compare the rate of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide between experiment I and II. [1M] (ii) Based on collision theory, explain your answer in (cj (i). [3M] (a) Sketch the graph of volume oxygen gas against time for experiment I and experiment II by using the same axis. [2M] [MRSM08-05] In an experiment, 50.0 cm? of hydrogen peroxide solution is mixed with 1.0g of manganese(IV) oxide powder. The total volume of oxygen gas liberated is measured at 30 seconds intervals. Table 5 shows the result of the experiment. [Time (s) o | 30 | 60 | 90 | 120 | 150 | 180 | 210 Volume of oxygen (cm®) |00.00 | 12.50| 17.50 | 23.00 | 26.00 | 28.00 | 30.00 |30.00, Table 5 \www.cikguadura.wordpress.com a7 Adura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 (a) What is the function of manganese (IV) oxide? [1M] (b) Write a balanced chemical equation for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. [1M] (c) Plot a graph of the volume of oxygen gas against time. [3M] (a) How long does it take for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to be completed? [1M] (e) From the graph obtained in (c), calculate: (i) the instantaneous rate of reaction at 30 second.[2M] (ii) the average rate of reaction for the first 90 seconds. [1M] ( The experiment is repeated using 2.0 g of manganese (IV) oxide. The reaction stops at 120 seconds. Explain. [2M] \www.cikguadura.wordpress.com 48 Adura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 ‘www.cikguadura. wordpress.com 49 Adura Aclin Ishak | Update 01 Feb 2012 |Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 [MRsM06-04] Table 4 shows the data obtained by a student in an experiment to investigate the rate of hydrogen peroxide dissociation using manganese (IV] oxide as a catalyst. ‘Time (5) 0 30 60 | 90 | 120 | 150 | 180 [| 210 | 240 | 270 Volume of oxygen | 0.00 | 18.00 31.00 | 39.00 | 43.00 | 46.00 | 48.00 | 49.00 | 50.00 | 50.00 (cm?) Table 4 (a) Draw a labelled diagram of apparatus set-up for the experiment. [2M] (b) Write the chemical equation for decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. [1M] (c) 2.0 g powdered manganese (IV) oxide is used at the beginning of the experiment and the mass remains the same at the end of the experiment. Explain why. [1M] (a) Why does the manganese (IV] oxide used is in the powdered form? [1M] (e)(i) Using the data in table 4, draw a graph of the volume of oxygen gas against time in the graph paper provided below. [3M] (ii) Based on the graph in (e\(i) , calculate the rate of reaction at 90 seconds and show the tangent on the graph in (e) (ii). [2M] \www.cikguadura.wordpress.com 50 Adura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 ‘www.cikguadura. wordpress.com ot Adura Aclin Ishak | Update 01 Feb 2012 |Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 [MRsM05-04] ‘Three experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of the factors influencing the rates of reactions. Table 2 shows the mixture of substances used and the time taken to accumulate 25 cm! of gas evolved from each experiment. Experiment_| Mixture of substance: Time/s T 25.0 cm? of hydrochloric acid 1.0 mol dm* + 2.0 g of 50 | magnesium strip. 1 25.0 cm: of hydrochloric acid 1.0 mol dm* + 2.0 g of 30 magnesium strip + 3 drops of copper [tl] sulphate solution. Tir 12.5 cm? of sulphuric acid 1.0 mol dm + 2.0 g of 20 magnesium strip. Table 2 (a) Sketch the graphs for the three experiments that show the liberation of 25.0 cm* of gas on the axes given. [2M] Volume of gas/cm® Time/s (b) Why is the time taken to collect 25.0 cm? of gas in Experiment Il is shorter than in Experiment I? (c) Based on the collision theory, explain why the time taken to collect 25 cm? in Experiment III is shorter than in Experiment I. [3M] (d) Calculate the mass of magnesium that reacts with sulphuric a cm? of gas in Experiment III. [4M] [Use the information that 1 mole of ga temperature and pressure, Relative atomic mas: ‘id to produce 25.0 occupies a volume of 24 dm® at room Mg= 24, H=1, S=32 and O=16] \www.cikguadura.wordpress.com 32 Adura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007‘Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 [SPMo08-05] An experiment is carried out to investigate the rate of reaction of zine with hydrochloric acid. Excess zinc powder is added to 20 cm* of 0.2 mol dm hydrochloric acid. The volume of gas collected at regular intervals is shown in Diagram 5.1. ‘Volume of gas /em! Isipadu gas /em? Diagram 5.1 (a) State the meaning of the rate of reaction. [1M] (b) From the graph in Diagram 5.1, determine: ( The rate of reaction at 120 s. [2M] (ii) The average rate of reaction between 60 s and 120 s. [1M] ‘www.cikguadura. wordpress.com 83 ‘Adura Azlin Ishak | Update 01 eb 2012 |Sinee 2007Chapter 10 ~ Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 (c) Explain why the rate of reaction decreases with time. [1M] (a) Another experiment is carried out to study the factors that affect the rate of this reaction. The result of this experiment is shown in Diagram 5.2. Curve I represents the result of this experiment using excess zinc powder and 50 cm® of 1.0 mol dm dilute hydrochloric acid. Volume of gas /em? Time /s Diagram 5.2 (i) Suggest the factors that influence the rate of reaction to obtain the curves labelled II and III. [2M] Curve II Curve III (ii) Describe briefly how to carry out the experiment to obtain the curve labelled III. [3M] (iii) Give one reason why the final volume of gas obtained in curve III is half the final volume of gas in curve I. [1M] ‘www cikguadura. wordpress.com 54 Adura Aclin Ishak | Update 01 Feb 2012 |Since 2007Chapter 10 ~ Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 [SPM06-06] Diagram 6 shows two experiments to investigate one factor that influences the rate of a reaction. xperiment I Dilute hydrochloric acid Calcium carbonate chips Experiment IT Dilute hydrochloric acid Calcium carbonate powder DIAGRAM 6 (a) What is the factor that influences the rate of reaction in both experiments? [1M] (b) The reaction in the experiment is represented by the following equation: CaCOs(s) + 2 HCllaq) -- > CaCh(aq) + CO.(g) + H20(l) (i) Among the products stated in the equation, which is the most suitable to be chosen to determine the rate of reaction? [1M] (ii) State one reason for choosing the product in 6 (bj). [1M] ‘www cikguadura. wordpress.com 89 Adura Aclin Ishak | Update 01 Feb 2012 |Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 (c} State two controlled variables in both experiments. [2M] 1 (a) The results for both experiments are represented by Graph 6. Quantity of product Key: Experiment I Experiment II Time Graph 6 Based on graph 6: (i) Experiment II has a higher rate of reaction. How does the graph show this? [1M] (ii) What has happened to the reactants at time X? [1M] (iii) Why are both curves at the same level after time x? [1M] (e) What is the conclusion for both experiments? [1M] (f) Another experiment is carried out using excess calcium carbonate powder and dilute hydrochloric acid with different concentrations. Sketch the curve of concentration of dilute hydrochloric acid against the time take to collect a fixed quantity of the product. [2M] Concentration of dilute hydrochloric acid ‘Time taken to collect a fixed quantity of product \www.cikguadura.wordpress.com 56 Adura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 Essay (Paper02} [MRsM10-07] (a) Diagram 7 shows a graph of volume of gas against time for the reaction between excess magnesium carbonate and hydrochloric acid. 3 & 3 oA 6 2 — Isipadu gas tr tb Times Compare the rate of reaction at t1 and t2. Based on the graph, explain your answer. [3M] (b) The following chemical equation shows the reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid. 2 HCl + CaCOs > CaCh + CO, + HO Determine the mass of calcium carbonate needed in the reaction if 480 cm? of gas is released at room condition. (The molar volume of gas at room condition: 24 dm3 mol-1, Relative atomic mass: C=12, O16, Ca=40] [3M] (d Two experiments are carried out to study the effect of the size of calcium carbonate on the rate of reaction. Experiment | : 1 g of calcium carbonate chips react with 20.0 cm* of 0.2 mol dm? hydrochloric acid. Experiment Il : 1 g of calcium carbonate powder react with 20.0 cm’ of 0.2 mol dm* hydrochloric acid. The volume of gas released is recorded in Table 7.1 Time/s | 0 60 | 120 | 180 | 240 | 300 | 360 Volume | Experiment 9 9 | 25.90 | 33.00 | 37.00 | 40.50 | 42.00 | 42.00 of gas/ I 2 a Haperiment 0.00 | 98.00 | 36.50 | 41.00 | 42.00 | 42.00 | 42.00 Table 7.1 \www.cikguadura.wordpress.com 37 Adura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 (i) Plot a graph of volume of gas against time for both experiments in the graph paper provided on page 28. [5M] (ii) Based on the graph, determine the rate of reaction at 90 sec for Experiment I [2M] (4) Another set of experiment was carried out to study the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction between sodium thiosulphate solution and sulphuric acid as shown in Table 7.2 Experiment I] ‘Temperature of sodium Thiosulphate/°C | 40 | 50 Table 7.2 (i) Write the ionic equation for the reaction. [2M] (ii) Compare the rate of reaction between Experiment I and II by using Collision ‘Theory. [5M] --00000 aDaZ OOoo0-- [SPM10-08] Three experiments, I, II and III are carried out to investigate the factors affecting the rate of reaction. Table 8 shows the reactants and the conditions of reaction involved. Experiment Reactants Condition of reaction ess Zine | 30 £m of 0.5 mol dm . I Excess Zine hydrochloric acid Room temperature 2 3 ii Excess Zinc | 50 ¢m® of 0.5 mol dm Room temperature sulphuric acid . 50 cm® of 0.5 mol dm? , ul Excess Zine sulphuric acid 60°C Table 8 (a)(i) Referring to experiment I, Il and Ill, state [3M] * The meaning of rate of reaction * Two factors that affect the rate of reaction. (ii) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction in experiment I. [2M] (b) Calculate the total volume of hydrogen gas released in experiment I. [3M] [Molar gas volume at room conditions is 24 dm°] \www.cikguadura.wordpress.com 58 Adura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 (c) Diagram 8 shows the results of experiments I, II and III. Volume of hydrogen gas (cm?) mL Time (s) 6 Diagram 8 Based on graph, (i) Compare the rate of reaction between experiment I and experiment II. [5M] (ii) Suggest one way to obtain curve III without changing the zinc, acid or temperature in experiment II. [5M] (iii) Explain why the total volume of hydrogen gas released in experiment II is doubled that of experiment I. [2M] ---00000 aDaZ OOoo0-- [SBPTrial2010-10] A student carried out three experiments to investigate the factors affecting the rate of reaction. Table 10 shows the results of the experiments. The reaction between sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid produced sodium chloride, sulphur, sulphur dioxide and water. Time taken for : mark ‘x’ Experiment Reactants Temperature/°C | gissppcars from sight/s 50 cm$ of 0.2 moldm* sodium thiosulphate t solution + 5 cm? of cut 18.0 1 moldm® hydrochloric acid \www.cikguadura.wordpress.com 59 Adura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 50 cm of 0.2 moldm- sodium thiosulphate ON solution + 5 cm? of 1 : 11.0 moldm* hydrochloric acid ul 50 cm? of 0.2 mol dm? sodium thiosulphate aoe solution + 5 cm® of 7 2.0 2 mol dm* hydrochloric acid ML Table 10 (a) (i) Based on Table 10, [5M] * arrange the rate of reaction for experiments I, II and III in ascending order. * state the factor that affect the rate of reaction between Experiment I and Experiment III * Experiment II and Experiment III * write the chemical reaction for Experiment II (ii) Explain using collision theory the difference in the rate of reaction between Experiment II and Experiment III. [5M] (b) Referring to Table 10, describe a laboratory experiment using one of the factor that affecting the rate of reaction between sodium thiosulphate solution and hydrochloric acid. In your description, include an experiment procedure, observation and an ionic equation. [10M] ---00000 aDaZ OOoo0-- [MRSM03-08] Time (sec) 0 | 60 | 120] 180 | 240 | 300 | 360 | 420 Volume of gas (em*) | 0.0 | 5.0 | 9.5 | 13.0 | 16.5 | 18.5 | 19.0 | 19.0 Table 5. Table 5 shows the data obtained when 2.0 g of calcium carbonate granules were added to 20.0 cmé of 0.1 mol dm aqueous hydrochloric acid in a conical flask. (a) Based on table 5, plot a graph of volume of gas produced against time. [4M] (b) From graph, determine (i) The average rate of reaction during the second of the 60 seconds intervals. [2M] (ii) The rate of reaction at 210 seconds. [2M] (ii) The average rate of reaction for the whole experiment. [2M] \www.cikguadura.wordpress.com 6 Adura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 10 ~ Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 (c} Using the Collision Theory, explain how temperature and size of particles affect the rate of reaction. [8M] (a) Explain why potatoes fried in hot oil cooks faster than potatoes boiled in hot water. [2M] 00000 aDaZ OOoo0-- [SPMO05-07] (a) Food stored in a refrigerator lasts longer than food stored in a kitchen cabinet. Explain why. [4M] (b) A group of pupils carried out three experiments to investigate the factors affecting the rate of a reaction. Table 7 shows information about the reactants and the temperature used in each experiment. Experiment Reactants Temperature /°C j Excess calcium carbonate chips and 30cm? a of 0.5mol dm‘ hydrochloric acid fn Excess calcium carbonate chips and 30cm? aa of 0.5mol dm hydrochloric acid Excess calcium carbonate powder and 30cm! of 0.5mol dm® hydrochloric acid ae ML Table 7 Graph 7 shows the results of these experiments. Volume of gas collected/ em® 40 30 10 ‘Time / seconds (i) Calculate the average rate of reaction for Experiment I. [2M] ‘www cikguadura. wordpress.com 6 Adura Aclin Ishak | Update 01 Feb 2012 |Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 (ii) Based on Table 7 and Graph 7, compare the rate of reaction between: . Experiment I and Experiment II . Experiment II and Experiment III In each case explain the difference in rate of reaction with reference to the collision theory. [4M] (iii) The chemical equation below shows the reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid. CaCOz, + 2HCl—» CaCh + COz + H20 Given that the relative atomic mass of C=12, O=16, Ca=40 and the molar volume of any gas is 24 dm mol’! at room temperature and pressure. Calculate the maximum volume of carbon dioxide gas produced in Experiment I. [4M] ---00000 aDaZ OOoo0-- [SPM03-07] is the size of The rate of reaction is affected by several factors. One of the factors particles. One kilogramme of meat, cut into big pieces, takes a longer time to cook compared to one kilogramme of meat cut into small pieces (a) Explain the above statement based on the size of the particles. [2M] (b) A student carried out three experiments to investigate the effects of the factors influencing the rate of reaction. Table I shows the results of the experiments. Experiment I I IL Bones hydrochlore acid Excess Excess. - Setup of hydrchai hrdrochlorie Copy = sulphate solution apparatus acid (catalyst) one o2¢ 028 magaestum magnesiuo magesiom ribbon bon riblon Temperature /°C 30 40 40 Time taken for ene 50 20 15 magnesium to dissolve Table 1 (i) Write the chemical reaction equation for the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid. Calculate the maximum volume of hydrogen gas produced. [4M] [Relative atomic mass: Mg=24, molar gas volume=24 dm® mol! at room condition] (ii) Sketch the graphs for the volume of hydrogen gas against time for experiment I, II and Ill on the same axis. [3M] \www.cikguadura.wordpress.com 2 Adura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 (iii) Calculate the average rate of reaction for experiment I and experiment II and between experiment II and experiment III. With reference to collision theory, explain why there are differences in the rates of reaction in the experiments. [8M] --00000 aDaZ OOoo0-- [SPM07-10] Table 10 shows the data from experiment I and experiment II that were carried out to study the rate of reaction of zinc with two acids, P and Q. Experiment Reactants Products Observation I 2.6 g of zinc and 50 cm* of | Zinc chloride and | The temperature acid P 2.0 mol dm® hydrogen gas of the mixture increases 1 2.6 g of zinc and 50 cm‘ of | Zinc sulphate The temperature acid Q 2.0 mol dm and hydrogen gas | of the mixture increases (a)(i) by choosing either experiment | or experiment II, state the name of the acid used. write the chemical equation for the reaction of this acid with zinc. [2M] (ii) Draw an energy profile diagram for the reaction in 10/a)(i). On the energy profile diagram, show the: [10M] + Heat of reaction, AH . Activation energy without a catalyst, Ea Activation energy without a catalyst, Ea Explain the energy profile diagram. (b) The graph in diagram 10 shows the results of experiment I and experiment Volume of hydrogen gas /em? Isipadu gas hidrogen lcm* Experiment IT Eksperimen I Experiment | Eksperimen | 0 30 60 9 120 150 180 210 240 Time/s i Masa's Diagram 10 \www.cikguadura.wordpress.com 63 Adura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 10 ~ Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 Based on graph: (i) Calculate the average rate of reaction for either experiment I or experiment II. [2M] (ii) Explain the difference in the rate of reaction between experiment I and experiment II before 60s. 00000 aDaZ OOoo0-- [SBPmidyearF507-07] (a) Fried rice stored in a refrigerator lasts longer than fried rice stored in a kitchen cabinet. Explain why. [4M] (b) A group of pupils carried out three experiments to investigate the factors affecting the rate of a reaction. Table 7 shows information about the reactants and the temperature used in each experiment. [Experiment Reactants ‘Temperature/°C ' Excess zinc granules and 25 cm® of 0.5 mol ea dm hydrochloric acid 7 Excess zinc granules and 25 cm? of 0.5 mol ra dm’ hydrochloric acid na Excess zine powder and 25cm* of 0.5 mol dm* na hydrochloric acid TABLE 7 ‘The graph shows the result of these experiments. i Time(s ‘www cikguadura. wordpress.com 64 Adura Aclin Ishak | Update 01 Feb 2012 |Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 (i) Calculate the average rate of reaction for Experiment I. [2M] (ii) Based on the table and graph, compare the rate of reaction between: © Experiment I and II © Experiment II and IIL In each case, explain the difference in rate of reaction with reference to the collision theory. [10M] (iii) The chemical equation below shows the reaction between zinc and hydrochloric acid. Zn + 2HC1 ——+* ZnClo + Ho Calculate the maximum volume of hydrogen gas produced in Experiment III. [4M] [Relative atomic mass of Zn=65, the molar volume of any gas is 24 dm® mol" at room conditions.] ---00000 aDaZ O0o00-- ? Give the one example of the using of catalyst reaction. (b) Based on the collision theory, explain how the factors below influence the rate of reaction: [8M] (i) size of substance (ii) concentration [SBPtrial07-10] (a)(i) What is a catalyst? (ii) State two characteristics of a catalyst. (iii) Name one chemical process and the catalyst used in industry. [4M] (b) State two factors other than catalyst which can affect the rate of reaction. Based on collision theory, explain how the factors that you mentioned can affect the rate of reaction. [8M] (c] Knowledge about the factors that affect the rate of reaction is very useful in human life, State two activities at home and explain how the knowledge about the factors that affect the rate of reaction is applied in the activities mentioned. [8M] 00000 aDaZ O0oo0-- \www.cikguadura.wordpress.com 63 Adura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 [SBPtrial09-09] (a) The knowledge of factors affecting the rate of reaction is applied in Haber Process. (i) Write a chemical equation to represent the formation of ammonia gas in Haber Process. [1M] (ii) Describe three methods that can increase the rate of reaction to produce ammonia gas. [3M] (b) Graph 9 shows the results of Experiment I and Experiment II to investigate the factor of catalyst in the reaction of zinc and hydrochloric acid. Volume of hydrogen gas (cm’) Experiment Experiment Il Time(s) (i) Which experiment used catalyst? State the name of the catalyst used. [2M] (ii) The reaction between zinc and hydrochloric acid releases energy. Draw an energy profile diagram for both reactions in Experiment I and Experiment II. Label Ea for the activation energy without a catalyst and E’, for the activation energy with a catalyst. [4M] (iii) Explain the difference in the rate of reaction between Experiment I and Experiment II based on the collision theory. [4M] (c) Table 9 shows three experiments that were carried out to investigate the effect of concentration on the rate of reaction. Experiment Reactants I Excess of calcium carbonate powder + 40 cm of 0.5 mol dm® | nydrochioric acid. 1 Excess of calcium carbonate powder + 20 cmé of 1.0 mol dm? hydrochloric acid. I Excess of calcium carbonate powder + 20 cm* of 1.0 mol dm® sulphuric acid. Table 9 Sketch a graph to show the volume of carbon dioxide gas released against time taken for the three experiments on the same axis. [3M] Compare the volume of gas released between Experiment I and II and between Experiment II and Ill. Explain why. [3M] \www.cikguadura.wordpress.com 66 Adura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007Chapter 10 - Rate of Reaction ChemQuest 2012 [MRsM09-08] (a) A student carried out an experiment to investigate the effect of catalyst on the rate of reaction. Diagram 8 shows the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of manganese(IV) oxide. Glowing splinter Kayu uft berbara Hydrogen peroxide Hidrogen peroksida Manganese (IV) oxide Mangan (IV) oksida Diagram 8 Using Collision Theory, explain the effect of manganese(IV) oxide on the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. [5M] (b) A student carried out two experiments to determine the time taken to collect a maximum volume of 50 cm3 of gas. Table 8 shows the result of the experiments. Experiment | Reactant Time/s I 50 cm? of I-volume hydrogen peroxide solution and 1 g 40 manganese(IV) oxide 1 25 cm’ of 2-volume hydrogen peroxide solution and 1 g 20 manganese(IV) oxide Table 8 (i) Draw a labelled diagram of the apparatus set up for the experiment. [2M] (ii) Sketch the graph for the gas liberated against time for Experiment I and Experiment II on the same axes. [2M] (iii) Calculate the average rate of reaction for both experiments. [2M] (iv) Compare the rate of reaction between Experiment I and Experiment II. Explain the differences based on Collision Theory. [5M] (v) Calculate the concentration in mol dm-3 hydrogen peroxide used in Experiment I in order to produce 50 cm3 of oxygen. [4M] [Molar volume of gas = 24 dm3 mol-1 at room conditions] 00000 aDaZ OOooc-- \www.cikguadura.wordpress.com 67 Adura Aclin Ishak | Upelate 01 Feb 2012 [Since 2007
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