PUBLIC HEATH ENGINEERING

PROJECT REPORT
DESIGN OF WATER SUPPLY DISTRIBUTION NETWORK

GROUP BLUE
MUHAMMAD IMRAN (SL)
AHMED RAFIQUE
KHAWAR RIAZ
ADNAN MUHAMMAD
ABDUL HASEEB

INSTRUCTOR: DR. M. SAQIB NAWAZ

Email: sqibnawaz.m@nust.edu
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Nomenclature, Abbreviations & Acronyms

CDA Capital Development Authority

PDD Peak Daily Demand

PHD Peak Hourly Demand

GRE Glass reinforced epoxy pipe

GPM Gallons per minute

HDPE High Density Poly Ethylene

GRP Glass reinforced plastic

UPVC Unplasticized poly vinyl chloride

BS British Standard

l/sec litre/ Second

L/sqm /d litre/ square meter/ day

mm millimeter

l/c/d litre/capita/day

OD Outer diameter

SUDS Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems

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1 Potable Water Network Design Approach and

Assumption
Introduction
The objective of this section is to present the design approach and assumptions for the designed water
supply distribution system. This scope of this report is only limited to pipe network system from source to
end house connections and does not include any information related to design and calculations regarding
the individual building water supply pipework.

General Concept
Water supply system is require to serve facilities within the project require water for daily use. As per
masterplan, provided by Dr. M. Saqib Nawaz, following facilities are identified which requires water
connection.

Administration Building ( it also includes toilets facilities at the ground floor for truck drivers use)
Custom office Building
Custom Scanner building
Mosque
Gate Kiosks ( Total 03 locations however, toilet and water tap is assumed at two locations )
Green Area for landscape i-e Roundabout at Entrance

Codes and Standards

The guidelines governing the design of potable water infrastructure in our project area are Capital
Development Authority (CDA) Criteria (Update 2013).

Design Approach and Assumptions

Permanent source of water for the development will be from Capital Development Authority (CDA)
existing pipeline. It is assumed that there is adequate supply and pressure available from existing pipeline
to feed the proposed network and storage tank within the development.

Apart from gate kiosks, it is assumed that each facility will have its own storage tank and booster pump
arrangement to balance the peak consumption and pressure as per sanitary fitting usage during the day.

Later as a permanent source of supply for the development, tube wells and bore holes will be constructed
to meet the areas water demand.

Dedicated storage tank for Irrigation purpose within the green area (roundabout at entrance) is proposed
and this will be fed off the potable water main.
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Water network will be based of pipelines, valve chambers, and storage reservoir and pump station. Trunk
main will be laid from existing pipeline up to storage reservoir. Distribution network will be from tank up
to the plot boundary.

Network layout plan is attached as Appendix A.

1.4.1 Demand Calculations

Demand calculation will be based on the following population assumptions. Calculations are given in
Appendix B.

Estimated Population

For custom house building, 20 people are assumed as decided in class meeting. And at the Scanner
building, another 10 staff member were taken into account.

At Police security cabin, it is assumed 2 policemen at any time.

For admin building, 50 people are assumed as per the following breakdown.

Security 05
Maritime City 30
Immigration 04
General 04
CID 04
Total approx. 50

Therefore, there will be a total of 82 staff on Gateway site from all buildings.

There will be toilet block for truck drivers within Admin building. Assumed 250 drivers per day and all
drivers use toilet at least 1.5 times a day.

For mosque, it is assumed that all truck drivers plus half of total gateway Staff ( i-e 82/2 =41) will use
Mosque. Hence total 291 persons will visit Mosque in a day.

Roundabout area of 200 square meter is assumed for irrigation demand and 10l/sq m of water is required
for shrubs.

There are three locations of kiosk and it is assumed that there is a toilet and a potable water tap at two
locations.

Demand Rates

Based on CDA Criteria the following potable water demands are used in the estimation of potable water
requirements for the project site.
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Table 1-1 Demand Rates

Type Demand Units Reference

Office Worker 70
l/c/d CAD
Mosque 60
l/c/d CDA
Rate for Grass cover, as per usual
Irrigation 15
l/sq m/d practice
BS 6700 ( WC Cistern to fill in 2
Flushing Toilet 15.6 minutes at 0.13 l/sec equal to 15 l/
l/s/ flush flush)
Flushing Wash Basin 0.10
l/s BS 6700

Summary of Demand Calculation

Based on the above estimated population and consumption rates, the potable water demand has been
estimated in the table below. The potable water tank will provide the buffer to accommodate the peak
flows.

Table 1-2 Water Demand Summary

Water Demand Summary ( Cubic Meter / day)

33.96
Potable Water Demand ( Average)

Irrigation Demand ( Average) 3.00

Total Water Demand 36.96

Refer to demand sheet attached as Appendix B for detailed demand calculations

Hydraulic Design Parameter

Pipeline network will based on the following key parameter for hydraulic performance and design.

Bentley WaterCAD software is used to ensure that the system operated at acceptable velocities whilst
meeting the flow and pressure within the system.

1.5.1 Pipe Flow Velocities

Pipelines should be designed for optimum performance with a typical design velocity of approximately
1.0 m/s and allowable velocities as provided in table below.
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Table 1-3 Flow Velocities

Maximum Velocity Minimum Velocity

(m/s)* (m/s)

Transmission Main 1.5 0.3

Distribution Main 1.0 0.3

Due to limitation of minimum pipe size criteria, velocity in sections of pipelines is expected less than minimum
specified in some of the cases.

1.5.2 Peak Factor

A peak factor of 1.2 to 1.5 is recommended in CDA guidelines. However keeping in view the landuse type
of the buildings as office and Visitors, higher peak factor of 3 has been assuming working hours for office
buildings of 8 hours.

1.5.3 Pressure Requirements

It is assumed that there is adequate pressure within the CDA supply pipeline to feed the proposed storage
tank.

Minimum pressure of 1 to 1.5 bars will be maintained in distribution network. It is assumed that building
shall have its own booster pump arrangement if more than 1.5 bars pressure required.

1.5.4 Pipe Material and Installation

In line with CDA requirements, the pipeline material shall be Glass-fiber Reinforced Epoxy (GRE). All
fittings used (including bends, tees, reducers etc) shall be of GRE material complying with CDAs
specifications.

Valves and other fittings shall be of an approved type and material in accordance with CDA specifications.

The potable water network within the site shall consist of below ground (direct buried) GRP pipes.

1.5.5 Minimum Diameter

As per CDA specification, minimum diameter shall be as follows:

Plot connections: 50 mm

Distribution pipes: 100 mm

1.5.6 Minimum Cover Requirements

A minimum cover of 1.2 m should be provided to all pipelines. Where this cannot be achieved, the pipe
should be protected by a reinforced concrete slab as per CDA criteria, with a minimum depth to the top
of the slab of at least 0.5 m.
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1.5.7 Headloss Calculations

Frictional losses within pipeline will be based on Hazen William equation
10.666LQ 1.852
Hf ;
C 1.852 D04.871
Where,

Q is Discharge in cum/sec
C is Roughness Co-efficient
L is length of pipe in meters
Hf is Head loss in meter
D is pipe diameter in meters
Coefficient of friction (C value) will 140 for HDPE, GRE and 120 for ductile iron pipe material.

1.5.8 Pipeline Crossing

Where the pipe line have to cross the major existing roads option of non-destructive road crossing will be
considered to avoid damaging the road features.

While crossing proposed roads, pipeline will pass through ducts.

1.5.9 System Operation and Maintenance

To assist with operation and maintenance it may be necessary to include some or all of the following
features subject to CDA requirements:

Isolation valves: these should be provided at strategic locations within distribution networks and at
intervals along transmission lines to facilitate operational and maintenance requirements.
Air valves: these are typically required at high points and on long pipe runs to release trapped air and
assist with surge control. Air valves will be provided at extreme high point and at every every 800 m
for longer pressure pipes.
Washouts: these are typically provided for transmission lines rather than distribution networks however
they may need to be included to assist with operational and maintenance requirements

Outcomes of WaterCAD Hydraulic Modelling

Network is designed using software Bentley WaterCAD to check the pressure and velocity within the
distribution system.

1.6.1 Model input

Network aligned as per utility service corridor marked in class meeting is transferred in WaterCAD model
to assign junction and pipe numbering.

Peak demand of individual plot is assigned at most appropriate junctions in model.

Ground Elevations are assigned at junctions.

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1.6.1 Model Outcomes

Since total water demand is not significant so allowable minimum size of 100 mm diameter has been used
to check adequacy of pipeline in terms of velocity and pressure.

At some points, Velocity within the distribution system is less than 0.30 m/sec.

Required delivery pressure of potable water station is 1.50 bars. This pressure is sufficient to maintain 1
bars minimum allowable pressure within system.

Pressure within the system is within range of 1.0 to 1.40 bars.

Based on the hydraulic design potable water pump station shall be designed for following;

Peak Discharge 1.50 l/sec

Pump Delivery Head 1.50 Bars

WaterCAD Result files are attached as Appendix C.

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List of Appendices

Appendix A: Network layout Plan

Appendix B: Water Demand Calculations
Appendix C: WaterCAD Model Outcomes
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Appendix A: Network layout Plan

GROUP BLUE PHE PROJECT REPORT

Appendix B: Water Demand Calculations

GROUP BLUE PHE PROJECT REPORT

Appendix C: WaterCAD Model Outcomes