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HOME FREE PROJECT CIRCUITS EMBEDDED 8051 MICROCONTROLLER ULTRASONIC RANGEFINDER USING 8051

Ultrasonic Rangefinder using 8051

AUGUST 13, 2017 BY ADMINISTRATOR 53 COMMENTS

Contents [hide]

1 Output Video
2 Principle of Ultrasonic Rangefinder
3 Circuit Diagram of Ultrasonic Rangefinder using 8051
4 Components Required for Ultrasonic Rangefinder
5 Circuit Design of Ultrasonic Rangefinder
6 How Ultrasonic Rangefinder using 8051 Circuit works?
6.1 Download Project Code
7 Algorithm for Program
8 How to Operate?
9 Ultrasonic Rangefinder Project Applications
9.1 Limitations of the Circuit
10 Related Articles

In this project, we have built an Ultrasonic Rangefinder using 8051 Microcontroller and
Ultrasonic Sensor. We have different ways to measure the distance. One way is to use Ultra
Sonic Sensor or Module for distance measurement. This article explains you how to measure
the distance using 8051 microcontroller. This Ultrasonic Range Finder system measures the
distance up to 4 meters with an accuracy of 3 mm.

Output Video
Principle of Ultrasonic Rangefinder
Generally, the distance can be measured using pulse echo and phase measurement method.
Here, the distance can be measured using pulse echo method. The ultrasonic module
transmits a signal to the object, then receives echo signal from the object and produces
output signal whose time period is proportional to the distance of the object. The mechanism
of the ultra sonic sensor is similar to the RADAR (Radio Detection and Ranging).

RADAR Concept

This circuit calculates the distance of the object based on the speed of the sound wave at
normal temperature and displays the distance on LCD.

Also Get an Idea about How to Interface 162 LCD with 8051 Microcontroller

Circuit Diagram of Ultrasonic Rangefinder using 8051

 Buy Step by step Guide along with Code: Ultrasonic Range Finder Using 8051
Microcontroller

Components Required for Ultrasonic Rangefinder

AT89C51 Microcontroller
8051 Programming board
Programming cable
HC SR04 Ultrasonic Module
16 x 2 LCD
10K Potentiometer
10F / 16V Electrolytic Capacitor
2 x 10K Resistor (1/4 Watt)
0592 MHz Crystal
2 x 33pF Capacitors
Push Button
Connecting wires
Power Supply
Keil Vision Software
Proteus
Willar Software
Circuit Design of Ultrasonic Rangefinder
The major components in this project are AT89C51 Microcontroller, Ultrasonic Sensor and LCD
Display. The TRIGGER and ECHO pins of the Ultrasonic Sensor are connected to the P3.1 and
P3.2 pins respectively. LCD data pins are connected to the PORT1 of the microcontroller and
controller pins RS, RW and EN are connected to the P3.6, GND and P3.7 respectively. Here, the
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) is used to display distance of the object. 10K POT is used to vary
the contrast of the LCD. Power supply pins of the microcontroller, LCD and Ultrasonic Sensor
are connected to the 5V DC.

Ultrasonic Module (Ultrasonic Sensor)

HC SR04 Ultrasonic Module works on the principle of SONAR and is designed to measure
the range of the object in small embedded projects. It offers excellent range detection with
high accuracy and stable readings. The operation of the module is not affected by the sunlight
or black material.

Features

1. Resolution of this module is 3mm

2. Ranging distance is 2cm to 400cm (4 meters)
3. Angle measurement is 30 degrees
4. Trigger input pulse width is 10s
5. Required current 15mA
6. Frequency 40 KHz

Pin Configuration

1. Vcc: This pin is connected to the positive 5V DC.

2. Trigg: The trigger signal is applied to this pin for starting the transmission. This signal
must be HIGH for 10s. When a valid trigger signal is applied, it generates 8 pulses of 40
KHz.
3. Echo: At this pin, module generates the signal whose time period is proportional to
distance.
4. GND: This pin is connected to the ground.

Related Post: Non Contact Digital Tachometer Circuit Design using 8051
Microcontroller

How Ultrasonic Rangefinder using 8051 Circuit works?

When HIGH pulse of 10s is applied to the TRIG pin, the ultrasonic module transmits 8
consecutive pulses of 40 KHz. after transmitting 8th pulse the ECHO pin of the sensor
becomes HIGH. When the module receives reflected signal from the object, the ECHO pin
becomes LOW. The time taken by the signal to leave and return to the sensor is used to find
out the range of the object.

Distance in centimeters = (Time/58)

Object distance in inches = (Time/148)

Distance can also be calculated using speed of the ultrasonic wave 340m/s
 Download Project Code

Algorithm for Program

1. Send HIGH pulse for 10 micro seconds on TRIG pin

Initially P3.1 = 0;

P3.1 = 1;

delay_ms (10);

P3.1 = 0;

2. Wait until the module transmits 40 KHz pulses. When 8thpulse is transmitted echo pin
becomes HIGH, TIMER0 starts counting, when input INT0 goes LOW and timer counts
the time

while (INT0 == 0);

while (INT0 == 1);

3. TIMER0 value is equal to the time taken by the signal to go forward and comeback so we
need to take only half time.

Time required = TIMER0 VALUE/2

4. The speed of the ultrasonic pulse is nothing but the speed of sound which is 340.29 m/s
or 34029 cm/s
5. Distance = speed * time = 34029 * (TIMER0) / 2
6. At 11.0592 MHz, TIMER0 gets incremented for 1s.

Range = 17015 * TIMER0 X 10 -6

7. Target range = TIMER0/58 cm.

How to Operate?
1. Initially burn the program to the microcontroller
2. Now give the connections as per the circuit diagram
3. While giving the connections make sure that Vcc of ultrasonic module is connected to
 5V DC
4. Switch on the board supply
5. Place the obstacle in front the ultrasonic module, now you can observe the distance on
LCD.
6. Switch off the board supply.

Ultrasonic Rangefinder Project Applications

Used to measure the obstacle distance.
This system used in automotive parking sensors and obstacle warning systems.
Used in terrain monitoring robots.

Limitations of the Circuit

This system is not able to measure longer distances.

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FILED UNDER: 8051 MICROCONTROLLER, ELECTRONICS, EMBEDDED, FREE PROJECT CIRCUITS, MINI PROJECTS

Comments

MARIMUTHU.V says
JULY 23, 2014 AT 7:26 AM

NICE CONCEPT

Reply

disha says
SEPTEMBER 18, 2014 AT 2:13 PM

how can we overcome the limitation of ultrasonic range finder?

Reply

DD says
OCTOBER 10, 2014 AT 8:56 PM

HC SR04 and AT89s51 are not available on proteusplz tell me how to get these
parts???????

Reply

Rishabh says
JANUARY 26, 2016 AT 9:01 AM

download libraries for both , and place it in library folder!!

Reply

XSUYOG says
FEBRUARY 11, 2016 AT 1:40 PM

you have to get files from

google to your proteuss LIBRARY folder

Reply
 engine says
NOVEMBER 9, 2014 AT 1:33 PM

i cant find the sensor module in the proteus library please help

Reply

Rajdeep says
DECEMBER 29, 2015 AT 8:27 AM

U can connect any 2 switch because this sensor is 2 bit sensor so u can use switch for
protious

Reply

m.mahdi says
NOVEMBER 14, 2015 AT 6:11 PM

i want to build one help me.

Reply

kelly says
NOVEMBER 29, 2015 AT 9:55 AM

i need this project code to create different project but still using the same concept as
yours. my project is about to detect hazard in long distance for a smart car. can you send
me the code by email?

Reply

Nikhil Shetty says

NOVEMBER 30, 2015 AT 12:43 PM

Need a project code im trying to make a similar one for my hobby so please share project
code to my id is also fine..

thank you
Nikhil Shetty
Reply

MASOOM AHMED says

DECEMBER 1, 2015 AT 2:50 AM

I am an electronic engineer and electronic hobbyist .I want to make same project . send me
source code..

Reply

Ojakgyo says
DECEMBER 3, 2015 AT 12:20 AM

1. Why you need this project code?

Because i wanna take your coding as a reference to our viva in our university.

2.Are you trying to make the same project or different one?

No. Because our project required us to use two microcontroller boards with some other
different components. And besides, my microcontroller board are different type from
yours.

3.Give us more details about your project.

My project required us to make a smart system in a vehicle with using two or more
microcontroller boards. We are required to use an embedded c programming for our
project.

I hope you can consider our reasons and help us for our project. ^_^

Reply

Anusha says
JANUARY 2, 2016 AT 6:42 AM

Code is uploaded Long back..Please check the article

Reply

Bigg Ben says

DECEMBER 15, 2015 AT 2:25 AM

I am a Computer Engineering student, and I am taking a course this semester called

Embedded Systems, so I would need this code to practice more and to try to understand
this better, because so far, weve only been taught about LED Blink, and I want to go ahead
of others in learning and understanding this course, and I also want to make a project like
this, but in PIC18F microcontrollers. please send me the code. For educational purposes.
Thanks

Reply

siva sai says

DECEMBER 17, 2015 AT 12:35 AM

i want the software for this project can u please send it to me

Reply

Rashmi says
JANUARY 24, 2016 AT 1:20 AM

I want to do this project using PIC..So please can you help me with the project code?

Thanks In Advance..!

Reply

Aseem Raj says

JANUARY 24, 2016 AT 4:50 AM

I need to make a ultrasonic distance finder project for my third year engineering mini
project. kindly help.
please email the code.
will really appreciate the help.

Reply

chaitanya gangadhar says

JANUARY 28, 2016 AT 3:31 AM

1.for reference i need this project code.

2. i am designing similar kind of project bt in different application.
3. i am using this concept in vehicles to prevent accidents.

Reply
 Tanvi Kinkhabwala says
JANUARY 28, 2016 AT 3:48 AM

1. I need the code for the college project.

2. We are trying the exact same project.

Reply

basavaraj says
FEBRUARY 2, 2016 AT 4:38 AM

hi..
i want to do this as my mini project in engineering..
plz send the code

Reply

Ashutosh kumar says

FEBRUARY 17, 2016 AT 2:24 AM

Sir , Thank u for giving such amazing knowlege about this project. I am interested to make
this project .I am making the same project for exploring my skill.and I also required code for
this one.
Thank you once again.

Reply

Ashutosh kumar says

FEBRUARY 19, 2016 AT 2:33 PM

Plz sir ,Hurry send code on my mail.

Reply

Abhijeet Singh says

FEBRUARY 20, 2016 AT 12:14 AM

I need the code for this project Ultrasonic Range FInder. I am a 4th year Electronics &
Communication engineering student and making this project for my Final Year Major
Project. My email is abhi.sgh11593@gmail.com Thanks

Reply
 Anusha says
FEBRUARY 23, 2016 AT 3:36 AM

Code is already uploaded in the article.Please go through the article completely

Reply

Somnath says
FEBRUARY 21, 2016 AT 4:06 AM

Very good, please requests you to send m code

Reply

Anusha says
FEBRUARY 23, 2016 AT 3:41 AM

Download code from the same post

Reply

tk says
FEBRUARY 28, 2016 AT 4:26 AM

hi just i want to make an obstacle follower robo using two ultrasonic sensor with
89s52 and 162 lcd
can i use both interrupt pin at atime for both ultrasonic sensor (one for left and
other for right .)pls,,,suggest me .
.using ur code already i run which work fine ..

Reply

Admin says
MARCH 1, 2016 AT 2:36 AM

Yess you can use both interrupts

Reply
 Somnath says
FEBRUARY 21, 2016 AT 4:09 AM

Very nice I want the code please

Reply

Sanjay says
FEBRUARY 24, 2016 AT 2:20 AM

After completing all the connections and turning on the power supply the lcd display only
shows Range finder and it does not show the distance ..what could be the problem..??
Please help..

Reply

Anusha says
MARCH 2, 2016 AT 5:10 AM

Check the sensor.

Reply

senthil arumugam Mani says

FEBRUARY 29, 2016 AT 3:10 AM

I am trying ultrasonic sensor based distance meter. Also i will display the distance in LCD.
This is what i am intended to do for my academic project.

Reply

sanu says
FEBRUARY 29, 2016 AT 3:43 AM

I am btech student..I want the code as m working on same project..

Reply

Admin says
MARCH 2, 2016 AT 4:54 AM

Code is present in the article itself.you can simply download it..

 Reply

lavanya says
MARCH 15, 2016 AT 12:07 AM

Kindly send us the programming code. not able to get the code

Reply

sauabh joshi says

APRIL 2, 2016 AT 1:26 AM

how many counts are required in timer0 to show a range of 1cm?

Reply

osm says
APRIL 2, 2016 AT 6:31 AM

softwares needed for this projects plz tell me!!!

Reply

ronaldo says
APRIL 19, 2016 AT 9:54 AM

HC SR04 library for AT89s51 are not available on proteusplz tell me from where can i
download these parts

Reply

abubakar says
JUNE 18, 2016 AT 1:17 PM

hello, what software for this project? urgent. ty

Reply
 varsha says
JULY 17, 2016 AT 6:12 AM

will u please help me for the code of my other project just related to ultrasonic sensor and
microcontroller actually i want recoznize shape and size of object detected by ultrasonic
sensor.

Reply

varsha says
JULY 17, 2016 AT 6:17 AM

please help me to write a code of my project different from this but related to it , i want to
recognize the shape and size of the object detected by the utlrasonic sensor.

Reply

AMAL says
JULY 19, 2016 AT 9:09 AM

I am interesting to construct this project..please show how to construct it

Reply

durgesh says
JULY 29, 2016 AT 12:49 PM

What I can do for distance to be more than 4m ?

Reply

anjali jadhav says

MARCH 20, 2017 AT 11:42 PM

hc-sr04 sensor is not available in proteus then wht should i do.???????????????????????????

Reply

Anusha says
JUNE 30, 2017 AT 1:30 AM

Hi, Yes. We do not have a Proteus library for Ultrasonic Sensor. Try to build the circuit
with a physical module.
 Reply

Shaurabh says
MARCH 26, 2017 AT 6:49 PM

I want to make a speed checker and overspeed detector but there are some problems like
how to sense 2 vehicles running side by side and differentiate between them and another
problem is how to read the speed of all the vehicles passing through the fixed points

Reply

Anusha says
JUNE 30, 2017 AT 1:30 AM

Hi, You should probably go with a laser type speed gun design. Ultrasonic Sensor
wouldnt be useful in your case.

Reply

Vinith says
APRIL 12, 2017 AT 5:46 PM

Hello everyone.The Ultrasonic Sensor has a Test Pin .What should I do with that?Please i
need a reply ASAP

Reply

Anusha says
JUNE 30, 2017 AT 1:30 AM

Hi, There are usually 4 pins on HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor (VCC, GND, Trigger and
Echo). There is nothing as Test Pin. Can you provide a link to the particular module you
are using?

Reply

mushahid hussain says

MAY 24, 2017 AT 9:29 AM

hi guys
 Is there anyone to send me a code for(r Range finder by using at89c51
) in assembly language

Reply

Akash says
JULY 12, 2017 AT 3:30 AM

Hi,

Im interfacing HC-SR04 sensor with lpc2148 microcontroller & checked the above 8051
code
for reference, but the o/p Im getting as 0 cm on lcd
The operating voltage of lpc2148 controller is 3.3v, I have connected to same voltage only,
instead of 5v, will it work?

Reply

bhavik solanki says

JULY 26, 2017 AT 7:31 AM

can this hex file be used with other 8051 based controller like p89v51rd2 from nxp. ??

Reply

Aniruddha Modak says

AUGUST 4, 2017 AT 11:41 PM

If I Buy This @399 From Your Site. Do I Get a Components For The Same Or Just a Online
Guide..??

Reply

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