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    5 - 1c-Control Valve Characteristic

    Uploaded by

    Solehah Omar
    The document summarizes different types of control valve characteristics: - Quick opening valves have most flow variation in the lower third of stem travel and are not suitable for regulating flow. - Linear and equal percentage characteristics are normally used to regulate flow. Linear valves produce flow proportional to valve opening. Equal percentage valves produce an exponential relationship between flow and opening for equal percentage increments in flow. - Valve rangeability is the ratio of maximum to minimum controllable flow, typically defined at 95% and 5% valve opening positions. Linear valves have a rangeability of 19. Equal percentage valves have higher rangeability depending on the α value.

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    5 - 1c-Control Valve Characteristic

    Uploaded by

    Solehah Omar
    161 views9 pages
    The document summarizes different types of control valve characteristics: - Quick opening valves have most flow variation in the lower third of stem travel and are not suitable for regulating flow. - Linear and equal percentage characteristics are normally used to regulate flow. Linear valves produce flow proportional to valve opening. Equal percentage valves produce an exponential relationship between flow and opening for equal percentage increments in flow. - Valve rangeability is the ratio of maximum to minimum controllable flow, typically defined at 95% and 5% valve opening positions. Linear valves have a rangeability of 19. Equal percentage valves have higher rangeability depending on the α value.

    Original Description:

    CONTROL VALVE CHARACTERISTIC

    Original Title

    5_1c-Control Valve Characteristic

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    The document summarizes different types of control valve characteristics: - Quick opening valves have most flow variation in the lower third of stem travel and are not suitable for regulating flow. - Linear and equal percentage characteristics are normally used to regulate flow. Linear valves produce flow proportional to valve opening. Equal percentage valves produce an exponential relationship between flow and opening for equal percentage increments in flow. - Valve rangeability is the ratio of maximum to minimum controllable flow, typically defined at 95% and 5% valve opening positions. Linear valves have a rangeability of 19. Equal percentage valves have higher rangeability depending on the α value.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    161 views9 pages

    5 - 1c-Control Valve Characteristic

    Uploaded by

    Solehah Omar
    The document summarizes different types of control valve characteristics: - Quick opening valves have most flow variation in the lower third of stem travel and are not suitable for regulating flow. - Linear and equal percentage characteristics are normally used to regulate flow. Linear valves produce flow proportional to valve opening. Equal percentage valves produce an exponential relationship between flow and opening for equal percentage increments in flow. - Valve rangeability is the ratio of maximum to minimum controllable flow, typically defined at 95% and 5% valve opening positions. Linear valves have a rangeability of 19. Equal percentage valves have higher rangeability depending on the α value.

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    Control valve characteristic

    The Cv coefficient (flow coefficient) of a control valve depends


    on the valve position.

    Varies from zero (when the valve is closed, vp=0) to a


    maximum value, Cv,max (when the valve is fully opened)

    The variation in the Cv allows the valve to continuously


    regulate the flow

    The particular function relating the Cv coefficient to the valve


    position is known as inherent valve characteristics.

    3 common valve characteristics: quick-opening, linear, equal


    percentage.
    Selection Criteria
    Valve characteristics: Linear, equal percentage and quick opening.
    What make a control valve becomes linear, equal
    percentage or quick opening control valve?

    The amount of flow produced with


    respect to steady increment in
    stem travel.
    Quick opening
    not suitable for regulating flow because most of the variation
    in the valve coefficient takes place in the lower third of the
    valve level
    very little variation in coefficient takes place for most of the
    valve travel
    appropriate for relief valves and for on-off control system
    Two chacteristics normally used to regulate flow are :
    linear and equal percentage

    linear
    The function for linear characteristics
    Cv (vp)=Cv,max vp
    - Produce a coefficient proportional to the valve opening
    - Used when the process is linear and the pressure drop
    across the valve do not vary with flow
    - 50% valve position = 50% Cv of its maximum coefficient
    equal percentage
    The function for equal percentage characteristics
    Cv (vp)=Cv,max vp-1 = rangeability parameter having a
    value of 50 or 100
    50 is most common
    - Produce a exponential function to the valve opening
    result in equal relative / percentage increments
    - Used when the pressure drop across the valve do not vary
    with flow, and with process which the gain decreases
    when the flow through the valve increases.
    - Exponential function has a property that equal increments
    in valve position result in equal relative or percentage
    increments in the valve coefficient
    - When increasing the valve position by 1% the flow
    increases by 1% of its value at the past valve position.
    Question
    Valve characteristics: Linear, equal percentage and quick opening.

    What will be the flowrate when the Example


    indicator shows 0.75? 8 gpm

    Quick opening
    Flow coef. =
    6 gpm
    Flowrate =

    Linear
    Flow coef. = 4 gpm
    Flowrate =

    Equal percentage 2 gpm


    Flow coef. =
    Flowrate =
    0 gpm
    Valve rangeability
    Also called turn down ratio
    Ratio of the maximum controllable flow to the
    minimum controllable flow.
    Measure of the width of operating flows the valve
    can control
    Common way to define the maximum and
    minimum flow at 95 and 5% valve position

    Another definition uses 90 and 10% valve


    positions
    If the pressure drop across the valve is independent
    of flow, the flow through the valve is proportional to
    its Cv coefficient. We can calculate the valve
    rangeability from its inherent characteristics.
    linear characteristic Cv (vp)=Cv,max vp

    Rangeability = 0.95/0.05 = 19
    Equal percentage characteristic
    Rangeability =-0.05 / -0.95 = 0.9
    = 50 , rangeability =33.8 Cv (vp)=Cv,max vp-1
    = 100 , rangeability =63.1

    Quick opening characteristic


    Rangeability = 3 (small range)

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