12/3/2017 pforams@mikrotax - Globigerinoides

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Globigerinoides Suppress fossils
NB TAXA WHICH ORIGINATE IN THE OLIGOCENE ARE NOT INCLUDED YET
Classification: pf_neogene -> Globigerinidae -> Globigerinoides
Sister taxa: Beella, Catapsydrax, Clavatorella, Globigerina, Globigerinella, Globigerinoides, Globigerinoidesella, Globoturborotalita, Orbulina, Orcadia, Paragloborotalia, Praeorbulina,
Protentella, Sphaeroidinella, Sphaeroidinellopsis, Trilobatus, Turborotalita,
Daughter taxa (blue => in age window 0-300Ma)

Globigerinoides altiaperturus

Globigerinoides bulloideus
Like G. bulloides but with supplemetary
apertures on the spiral side

Globigerinoides conglobatus
Four chambers & radially compressed

Globigerinoides diminutus

Globigerinoides elongatus
Three chambers & radially compressed

Globigerinoides extremus

Globigerinoides mitra

Globigerinoides obliquus

Globigerinoides parawoodi

Globigerinoides ruber
Three chambers & pink

Globigerinoides seigliei

http://www.mikrotax.org/pforams/index.php?taxon=Globigerinoides&module=pf_neogene 1/3
12/3/2017 pforams@mikrotax - Globigerinoides

Globigerinoides subquadratus

Globigerinoides tenellus
Four chambers & small

Globigerinoides white
Three chambers & white
Globigerinoides sp.
Specimens which cannot be assigned to
established species

Taxonomy
Citation: Globigerinoides Cushman 1927
Rank: genus
Type species: Globigerina rubra d'Orbigny 1839
Taxonomic discussion: The genus Globigerinoides was used by Kennett & Srinivasan (1983) and many other workers for all Neogene Globigerina-type species with supplementary
apertures, but it was long suspected that this was a polyphyletic group. Spezzaferri et al. (2015) conclusively proved this polyphyly using both stratophentic and molecular genetic data
and so divided the species into two groups - Trilobatus and Globigerinoides, as used here. They have separate origins and different wall structures.

Catalog entries: Globigerinoides;

Type images:
Short diagnosis:

NB The short diagnoses are used in the tables of daughter-taxa to act as quick summaries of the differences between e.g. species of one genus. They have initially been copied from the diagnostic
characters/distinguishing features sections of the Eocene and Paleocene Atlases, they will be edited as the site is developed.

Description

Wall type: The wall texture is cancellate, irregular honeycomb, with spines irregularly distributed, it may be ruber-type or sacculifer/ruber-type sensu Hemleben et al. 1989.
[Spezzaferri et al. 2015]

Test morphology:
Test low to high trochospiral, globigeriniform and generally evolute, consisting of 2 to 3 whorls. The peripheral margin is rounded, the test outline is from subcircular to slightly ovate or
subtriangular to subrectangular and lobate. Chambers are generally globular to ovate, but may become radially compressed and asymmetrical, three to four in the last whorl increasing
gradually in size as added. The primary aperture is umbilical and placed in a generally wide and open umbilical area; supplementary apertures are present on the spiral side, they may be
one or more and are placed at the intersection of the spiral and radial sutures. Thin lips may be present on the primary and supplementary apertures. [Spezzaferri et al. 2015]

Biogeography and Palaeobiology

Biostratigraphic distribution
Geological Range:
Notes
: The genus first appears at the Oligocene-Miocene transition, and in particular at the base of Subzone M1a and is still present in the modern oceans. [Spezzaferri et al. 2015]
Last occurrence (top)
: Extant Data source: Total of range of species in this database
First occurrence (base)
: within Chattian Stage (23.03-28.09Ma, base in Chattian stage). Data source: Total of range of species in this database

Plot of occurrence data:

Range-bar - range as quoted above, pink interval top occurs in, green interval base occurs in.
Triangles indicate an event for which a precise placement has been suggested
Neptune data: This is a higher taxon page so Neptune data is not plotted. See also: customisable plot Parent: Globigerinidae

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Q G P Z Me To Se La Bu Aq Ch Ru Pr Ba Lu Yp Th Se Da Ma Stages
1 5 1 M13 M11 M9 M6 M5 M4 M3 M2 M1 O7 O6 O5 O4 O3 O2 O1 E16E15 E14 E13 E11 E10 E8 E7 E5 E4 P5 P4 P3 P1 P.hr Zones
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Primary source for this page: Spezzaferri et al. 2015

http://www.mikrotax.org/pforams/index.php?taxon=Globigerinoides&module=pf_neogene 2/3
12/3/2017 pforams@mikrotax - Globigerinoides
References:
Cushman, J.A., (1927). An outline of a re-classification of the Foraminifera.Contributions from the Cushman Laboratory for Foraminiferal Research, 3: 1-105.
Hemleben, C.; Spindler, M. & Anderson, O., (1989). Modern Planktonic Foraminifera. Springer-Verlag, New York.
Kennett, J.P. & Srinivasan, M.S., (1983). Neogene Planktonic Foraminifera. Hutchinson Ross Publishing Co., Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania, 1-265 pp.
Spezzaferri, S. & others, (2015). Fossil and genetic evidence for the polyphyletic nature of the planktonic foraminifera "Globigerinoides", and description of the new genus Trilobatus. PLOS one: 1-20.

Globigerinoides compiled by the pforams@mikrotax project team viewed: 3-12-2017

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