Orgcertlev3 6
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LEVEL 3
Level 3 Early Intermediate (those with substantial training and fluency in the basic organ fundamentals listed in Level 2.
Should be able to sight-read two-part music. Music Theory prerequisites: an understanding of the music theory topics listed
under Levels 1-2.)
I. ORGAN TECHNIQUE
The following organ method books are recommended. You may choose one of the five from which to play. If you desire, you
may use another method book with the approval of your BYU course instructor. Any method used should develop the
concepts and skills listed below using comparable exercises.
*Required texts: Either OrganTutor Organ 101 Complete or The OrganTutor Workbook is a required text for the course,
containing materials needed for the written assignments and exams for Levels 1-2 and for Unit 1 in Levels 3-6. If you decide
also to learn organ technique through OrganTutor, you will not need to purchase the Davis, Gleason, or Keeler books. The
Ritchie/Stauffer text is also required for its organ historical/registration information.
*Cook, Don, with contributions by Parley L. Belnap and Richard L. Elliott. The OrganTutor Workbook. ("OTW")
Spanish Fork, UT: Ard Publications, n.d. (www.organtutor.byu.edu)
This volume contains the materials developed for the Brigham Young University Group Organ Program and the
Independent Study organ courses. Its primary strength lies in the written materials, handouts, worksheets, and
exercises that cover a wide range of topics. OrganTutor Organ 101 Complete consists of this volume together with
the OrganTutor computer tutorial.
Cook, Don. OrganTutor Organ 101 Complete. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University, 1998/2008. OR Spanish Fork,
UT: Ard Publications, n.d. (www.organtutor.byu.edu)
This is a computer organ tutorial with workbook. The tutorial can be purchased and installed onto either PC or
Mac, or run directly over the Internet through a subscription. The technique exercises and hymn projects appear in
the workbook for practice and are demonstrated through video clips. Registration and other concepts are
demonstrated through hundreds of audio clips.
*Ritchie, George H. and George B. Stauffer. Organ Technique: Modern and Early. New York: Oxford, 2000.
This method book explores two basic techniques that are particularly fitting for Level 3: modern and early,
for music written since and before about 1750. Its greatest strength lies in its coverage of organ historical
information, and it serves as the required text for several of the lessons from Levels 3 through 6.
Davis, Roger. The Organist's Manual. New York: W. W. Norton, 1985.
This method book is widely accepted in organ teaching circles. It provides written instruction on important
topics such as part playing, phrasing and articulation, fingering, and ornamentation, with useful appendices. Davis
uses a moderately thorough approach to teaching technique. The choice of repertoire and careful editing are
particular strengths of this volume.
Gleason, Harold. Method of Organ Playing. 8th ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1995.
This has been a standard resource in organ instruction for many years. It represents a thorough approach to
2
teaching technique, and contains generous written instruction on elements of performance practice and other
important topics, with a wide range of carefully-edited repertoire. The refinement of this book reflects Harold
Gleason's many years of experience during and after his tenure at the Eastman School of Music. Gleasons wife
Catharine Crozier continued revising the editions published since his death.
Keeler, J. J., and E. Donnell Blackham. Basic Organ Techniques. 3rd ed. Bryn Mawr, PA: Universe, 1998.
Many organists associated with Brigham Young University have benefitted from the meticulous approach of J.
J. Keeler. The technical studies in this volume represent a good approach to teaching legato technique. The
repertoire section has been omitted in this edition. Some written instruction is included.
A. MANUAL TECHNIQUE: In addition to being fluent in basic manual techniques, learn to perform varieties of legato,
non-legato, and staccato, as well as articulations and phrasings. Choose one of the following pieces from each of the two
time periods:
Before 1800:
Stauffer/Ritchie (fully fingered pieces): pp. 189-196; 197-199; 200-202
Bach, J. S. "Gottes Sohn ist Kommen" (in Davis, pp. 82-83; Gleason, pp. 82-83)
Pachelbel, Johann. "Christus, der ist mein Leben" (in 80 Chorale Preludes, ed. Hermann Keller, #19, pub. by C. F.
Peters)
Walther, Johann G. "Herr Christ, der einig Gottes Sohn" (in 80 Chorale Preludes, #37)
Zachau, Friedrich Wilhelm. "Vom Himmel hoch" (in 80 Chorale Preludes, #68)
After 1800:
Franck Andantino (in OrganTutor)
Any selection from Ritchie/Stauffer pp. 61-73
Dupr, Marcel. Christus, der uns selig macht (in Davis p. 80 and Ritchie/Stauffer p. 67)
Alain, Jehan. Choral cistercien pour une elevation (in Gleason p. 101)
Elwell, Herbert. Pentatonic Study (in Gleason p. 64)
Pinkham, Daniel. Blest Be the Ties (in Gleason p. 94)
Pinkham, Daniel. Voluntary IV (in Gleason p. 98)
Rorem, Ned. Serenade (in Gleason p. 99)
B. PEDAL TECHNIQUE: In addition to being fluent in basic pedal techniques, learn to perform varieties of legato, non-
legato, and staccato, as well as articulations and phrasings. Prepare the indicated exercises/studies from one of the
following method books:
Cook: Groups 5, 8, 13, 15, 18, 19
Keeler and Blackham: exs. 111b, 112, 113, 115-117
Gleason: p. 131, no. 1; p. 132, no. 2; p. 133, nos. 1-3; p. 138, nos. 1-2, p. 139, nos. 1-2; p. 142
Davis: p. 30, no. 2; p. 31, no. 6; p. 32, no. 4; p. 34, nos. 4, 5; p. 35, no. 4; p. 37, no. 1
Stauffer/Ritchie: p. 85 ex. 9-10; p. 87 ex. 14-15, p. 97 ex. 20-23; p. 112 ex. 35-36; p. 124 ex. 49-51c; p. 175 ex. 4-6
plus the Fischer, Bach circle, and Fischer examples; p. 185-187
C. COMBINED MANUAL AND PEDAL TECHNIQUE
Cook: Canon (Lemmens), Moderato con moto (Franck), Allegro (Kittel), Trio (Krebs)
Keeler and Blackham: exs. 146, 149, 152, 153, 154, 157, 158
Gleason: pp. 164, 166-173
Davis: p. 104, nos. 2-3; p. 106; p. 107; pp. 110-111
Stauffer/Ritchie: p. 96; p. 107; p. 110; p. 127
The following items are divided between the three played assignments:
A. SINGLE VERSE. Choose and prepare one verse each of twelve hymns with the soprano, alto, and tenor voices on the
Great manual and the bass voice in the pedals. In addition, prepare two hymns (which may be selected from the twelve) to
be played on a manual only (no pedal). The score should be prepared as needed for a polished performance.
B. COMPLETE HYMN. Choose two or three hymns from this level to play completely (introduction and all verses, using a
rearrangement of voices and/or a change of registration between verses at least once throughout the hymn). The score
should be prepared as needed for a polished performance. Include each of the following techniques (soprano solo and
tenor solo) at some point in one of the hymns. Use them more than once and/or in more than one hymn if you wish, but do
not overuse:
4
1. For an entire verse, solo out the SOPRANO voice with the right hand (play soprano on a manual with a more
prominent [solo] sound, and play alto and tenor on a different manual with a less prominent [accompanimental]
sound). Use this "soprano solo" technique in two ways:
a. Play the soprano solo in the normal written range.
b. Play the soprano down an octave. (Move the hand; don't just use lower-pitched stops.)
2. Choose a section of a hymn (at least two phrases) where the TENOR line has melodic interest. Solo out the tenor
voice with the left hand (play tenor on a manual with a more prominent [solo] sound, and play soprano and alto on a
different manual with a less prominent [accompanimental] sound). Choose one of the following ways of applying this
"tenor solo" technique:
a. Play the tenor solo in the normal written range.
b. Play the tenor up an octave. (Move the hand; don't just use higher-pitched stops.)
V. ORGAN REGISTRATION
Information may be found in Timeline of the Organ: 2600 Years of History (required), in The OrganTutor Workbook
(required), in the OrganTutor Computer Tutorial (optional), in Organ Technique: Modern and Early (required), and in the
books on registration listed in the bibliography (optional). Know the following:
Lesson 1 History & Development of the Organ (Timeline of the Organ)
Lesson 2 Types of Organ Registration and Musical Texture (OrganTutor)
Lesson 3 Chorus Registration (OrganTutor)
Lesson 4 Hymn Registration (OrganTutor)
Lesson 5 Solo and Accompaniment Registration (OrganTutor)
Lesson 6 Trio Registration (OrganTutor)
Lesson 7 The Process of Registrational Decision Making and Registration Mechanics (OrganTutor)
Lesson 9 Historical Styles in Organ Building and Registration: Seventeenth- and Eighteenth-Century Germany, Austria,
and the Netherlands (Organ Technique: Modern and Early)
Lesson 12 Historical Styles in Organ Building and Registration: J. S. Bach (Organ Technique: Modern and Early)
The Organ Registration portion of this course is in two parts. Lessons 1-7 cover the same basic competencies that are essential
for all organists. These are taught in Levels 1-2 and reviewed in every level thereafter. Lessons 9 and 12 are new topics that
continue a course of instruction on important style periods in organ construction, composition, and registration.
VII. SIGHT-READING
Be able to sight-read pieces of comparable difficulty to the following. Prepare to sight-read in this way for the evaluator during
Played Assignments 1 and 3:
From Croft, Kim. Nine Hymn Studies. Orem, UT: Pioneer Music Press (Jackman Music), 1986 (pedal in slow-moving
note values with two easy manual parts):
Abide With Me
How Gentle God's Commands
Jesus, the Very Thought of Thee
Sweet is the Work
Lauda Anima, Azmon, Tuolon, Amazing Grace; and LDS Hymns 163, "Lord, Dismiss Us with Thy Blessing"
(Greenville), and 117, "Come Unto Jesus"
VIII. TRANSPOSITION
Transpose the soprano voice (only) of two of the following hymns (may substitute) up to and including a major second up
and down. Play one each for Played Assignments 1 and 3:
28 Saints, Behold How Great Jehovah
29 A Poor Wayfaring Man of Grief
166 Abide with Me! (Eventide)
172 In Humility, Our Savior (Hyfrydol)
176 'Tis Sweet to Sing the Matchless Love
LEVEL 4
Level 4 Intermediate (those with substantial training and fluency in the basic organ fundamentals listed in Level 2. Have
training in organ pieces in both legato and articulate styles. Should be able to play easy four-part vocal scores, to sight-read
simple three- and four-part organ music and hymns, and to transpose hymn melodies (only) up to and including a major
second up and down. Music Theory prerequisites: an understanding of the music theory topics listed under Levels 1-3.)
I. ORGAN TECHNIQUE
The following organ method books are recommended. (See full descriptions under Level 3.) You may choose one of the five
from which to play. If you desire, you may use another method book with the approval of your BYU course instructor. Any
method used should develop the concepts and skills listed below using comparable exercises.
*Required texts: OrganTutor Organ 101 Complete or The OrganTutor Workbook is a required text for the course, containing
materials needed for passing the written assignments and exams for Levels 1-2 and for Unit 1 in Levels 3-6. The
Ritchie/Stauffer text is also required for its organ historical/registration information.
*Cook, Don, with contributions by Parley L. Belnap and Richard L. Elliott. The OrganTutor Workbook. ("OTW")
Spanish Fork, UT: Ard Publications, n.d. (www.organtutor.byu.edu)
Cook, Don. OrganTutor Organ 101 Complete. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University, 1998/2008. OR Spanish Fork,
UT: Ard Publications, n.d. (www.organtutor.byu.edu)
*Ritchie, George H. and George B. Stauffer. Organ Technique: Modern and Early. New York: Oxford, 2000.
Davis, Roger. The Organist's Manual. New York: W. W. Norton, 1985.
Gleason, Harold. Method of Organ Playing. 8th ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1995.
Keeler, J. J., and E. Donnell Blackham. Basic Organ Techniques. 3rd ed. Bryn Mawr, PA: Universe, 1998.
A. MANUAL TECHNIQUE: In addition to being fluent in basic manual techniques, learn to perform varieties of legato,
non-legato, and staccato, as well as articulations and phrasings. Choose one of the following pieces from each of the two
time periods:
Before 1800:
Frescobaldi, Girolamo, Canzona dopo lEpistola (in Ritchie/Stauffer pp. 207-210)
6
Zachau, Friedrich Wilhelm. "Komm, Heiliger Geist, Herr Gott" (in 80 Chorale Preludes, ed. Hermann Keller, pub.
by C. F. Peters, #49)
Walther, Johann G. "Ein Feste Burg" (in 80 Chorale Preludes, #24)
Walther, Johann G. "Lobt Gott ihr Christen allzugleich" (in 80 Chorale Preludes, #52)
Bach, J. S. Was Gott tut, das ist wohlgetan, BWV 1116 (in Ritchie/Stauffer pp. 211-212)
Bach, J.S., attrib. "Es ist gewisslich an der Zeit" (in 80 Chorale Preludes, #28)
After 1800:
Rinck, Johann. Lento (in Davis p. 79)
Boly, Alexandre-Pierre-Franois. Verset for the Kyrie (in Davis p. 85)
Brahms, Johannes. Es ist ein Ros entsprungen (in Davis pp. 90-91)
Bollmann, Lon. Verset (in Davis p. 81)
Vierne, Louis. Berceuse (in Davis p. 126, and fully fingered in Ritchie/Stauffer p. 156-160)
Schroeder, Hermann. Andantino (in Ritchie/Stauffer pp. 72-73)
Dupr, Marcel. Christus, der uns selig macht (in Davis p. 80, and Dupr Seventy-Nine Chorales p. 17)
Alain, Jehan. Choral Cistercien pour une lvation (in Gleason p. 101)
Rorem, Ned. Serenade (in Gleason p. 99)
B. PEDAL TECHNIQUE: In addition to being fluent in basic pedal technique, learn to perform varieties of legato, non-
legato, and staccato, as well as articulations and phrasings. Prepare the indicated exercises/studies from one of the
following method books:
OrganTutor Workbook: Groups 16, 17, 19, 20, and Pedal Passages from Organ Works of J. S. Bach
Keeler and Blackham: exs. 118-121
Gleason: p. 129, no. 1; p. 130, nos. 2-4; p. 134; p. 139, nos. 3-5; pp. 143-144
Davis: p. 37, nos. 2-4; p. 38, no. 1; p. 39, no. 3
Ritchie/Stauffer: p. 135; p. 141; pp. 240-241
The following items are divided between the three played assignments:
A. SINGLE VERSE. Choose and prepare one verse each of twelve of the hymns listed above with the soprano, alto, and
tenor voices on the Great manual and the bass voice in the pedals. In addition, prepare two hymns (which may be
selected from the twelve) to be played on a manual only (no pedal). The score should be prepared as needed for a
polished performance.
B. COMPLETE HYMN. Choose three or four hymns from this level to play completely (introduction and all verses, using a
rearrangement of voices and/or a change of registration between verses at least once throughout the hymn). Include each
of the following techniques at some point in one of the hymns. Use them more than once and/or in more than one hymn
if you wish, but do not overuse:
1. Choose a section of two hymns (at least two phrases) where the ALTO line has melodic interest, and play the alto
voice an octave higher. Therefore, the alto will be played an octave higher than written by the upper part of the right
hand (fingers 3, 4, and 5), and the soprano will be played as written but with the lower part of the right hand (fingers
1, 2, and 3).
2. Where musically effective in the alto, tenor, and/or bass voice(s), add PASSING TONES to fill in melodic skips of a
third, and insert NEIGHBOR TONES between repeated notes. Also, use PEDAL POINT effectively in the pedals.
3. Choose a section of a hymn (at least two phrases) where the TENOR line has melodic interest. Solo out the tenor
voice with the left hand (play tenor on a manual with a more prominent [solo] sound, and play soprano and alto on a
different manual with a less prominent [accompanimental] sound). Choose one of the following ways of applying
this "tenor solo" technique:
a. Play the tenor solo in the normal written range.
b. Play the tenor up an octave. (Move the hand; don't just use higher-pitched stops.)
4. For an entire verse, solo out the SOPRANO voice with the right hand (play soprano on a manual with a more
prominent [solo] sound, and play alto and tenor on a different manual with a less prominent [accompanimental]
sound). Choose one of the following ways of applying this "soprano solo" technique:
a. Play the soprano solo in the normal written range.
b. Play the soprano down an octave. (Move the hand; don't just use lower-pitched stops.)
V. ORGAN REGISTRATION
Information may be found in Timeline of the Organ: 2600 Years of History (required), in The OrganTutor Workbook
(required), in the OrganTutor Computer Tutorial (optional), in Organ Technique: Modern and Early (required), and in the
books on registration listed in the bibliography (optional). Know the following:
Lesson 1 History & Development of the Organ (Timeline of the Organ)
9
VII. SIGHT-READING
Be able to sight-read pieces of comparable difficulty to the following (very easy pedal, one part in each hand):
From Croft, Kim. Nine Hymn Studies. Orem, UT: Pioneer Music Press (Jackman Music), 1986:
How Great the Wisdom
In Humility Our Savior
Israel, Israel, God Is Calling
Oh How Lovely Was the Morning
Poor Wayfaring Man of Grief
Lemmens, Jacques, Short Trio No. 1 in C Major, in Ritchie/Stauffer p. 108
10
VIII. TRANSPOSITION
Practice transposing simple hymns and folk tunes of easy two-part composition into all keys up to and including a major
second up and down. For each Played Assignment, transpose into those keys the soprano and alto parts of the following
hymns:
204 Silent Night (Stille Nacht)
95 Now Thank We All Our God (Nun danket) or 166 Abide with Me (Eventide)
72 Praise to the Lord, the Almighty (Lobe den Herren)
LEVEL 5
Level 5 Early advanced (those with substantial training and fluency in the basic organ fundamentals listed in Level 2, and
in intermediate organ pieces in both legato and articulate styles. Should be able to play moderately difficult four-part vocal
scores and easy choir accompaniments, to sight-read moderately difficult four-part organ music and hymns, and to transpose
simple hymns into all keys up to and including a major second up and down. Music Theory prerequisites: an understanding
of the music theory topics listed under Levels 1-4.)
I. PIANO TECHNIQUE
Practice the following technical studies hands together at the piano. For each played assignment, choose two of the six items
(a different pair of items each time) to play for the evaluator:
1. Scales: four notes to the beat (M. 112), parallel and contrary motion, 2 octaves up and down in all major and at least
one form of minor keys
2. Chromatic scale: four notes to the beat (M. 112), two octaves up and down
3. Arpeggios (four notes to the beat, four octaves up and down):
a. Root position (M. 88), all major and minor keys
b. viio7 chord (M. 66), starting on C, C#, and D
c. V7 chord (M. 66), starting on all 12 keys
4. Block chords: four notes in each hand, as in 3a, 3b, and 3c above,
inverted through a compass of two octaves up and down, each
chord being played as a quarter note (M. 88)
5. Broken chords: all major and minor keys, two octaves up and
down (M. 88)
6. Selected studies from any of the following:
a. The Virtuoso Pianist by Hanon
b. 160 eight-measure exercises by Czerny
c. School of Velocity, op. 299, by Czerny
d. Comparable from Bertini, Cramer, Loeschhorn,
Dohnanyi, etc.
Keeler, J. J., and E. Donnell Blackham. Basic Organ Techniques. 3rd ed. Bryn Mawr, PA: Universe, 1998.
Ritchie, George H. and George B. Stauffer. Organ Technique: Modern and Early. New York: Oxford, 2000.
Buxtehude, Dieterich (other German organ composers from this period may be considered)
(one chorale-based work:)
"Nun bitten wir den Heiligen Geist" (BuxWV 208 or 209)
"Puer natus in Bethlehem" (BuxWV 217)
Wr Gott nicht mit uns diese Zeit (BuxWV 222)
(one other work:)
Fugue in C Major (BuxWV 174)
Toccata in F Major (BuxWV 157, complete)
B. 1750-1900
Brahms, Johannes (do both, from Eleven Chorale Preludes, op. 122:)
"Herzlich tut mich verlangen" (op. 122, no. 9)
"O Welt, ich muss dich lassen" (op. 122, no. 11)
Franck, Csar (choose one:)
Adagio from "Fantaisie in C"
Prelude from "Prelude, Fugue and Variation"
Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, Felix. Sonata II, op. 65 (all four movements)
C. Since 1900 (two of the following:)
Bollmann, Leon. Toccata from Suite Gothique, op. 25.
Bush, Douglas. Hymn Settings for Organ (visit http://www.daymurraymusic.com/cgi-bin/e.magine/productsearch.cgi
and search for bush), any piece of medium difficulty.
Chamberlin, David. LDS Hymn Voluntaries. (http://ChamberlinMusic.com), any piece of medium difficulty
Dupr, Marcel. "How Fair and How Pleasant Art Thou," from Fifteen Pieces founded on Antiphons, op. 18, no. 5.
Jongen, Joseph. "Chant de Mai," op. 53, no. 1 (J. & W. Chester)
Vierne, Louis. "Carillon" from Twenty-four Pieces in Free Style, vol. 2
Walcha, Helmut. "Weicht ihr Berge, fallt ihr Hgel" from Fnfundzwanzig Choralvorspiele (C. F. Peters nr. 4850)
Wood, Dale. "Let Us Break Bread Together" (Augsburg 11-0856)
Wright, Searle. "Carol-Prelude on Greensleeves" (H. W. Gray, St. Cecilia Series 798)
A hymn setting of medium difficulty from this period may be acceptable
comparable difficulty may be substituted, including those from the Examination Hymn Booklet of the American Guild of
Organists (request one from exams@agohq.org). Before beginning practice on substitute hymns, obtain approval from your
BYU course instructor. Do not choose hymns for this level that you played in previous levels, or those on the suggested list
of simpler hymns. Also, do not play the same hymn in more than one played assignment. The tune names of hymns that
might be found in other hymnals are given in parentheses below.
2 The Spirit of God Like a Fire is Burning* 151 We Meet, Dear Lord*
8 Awake and Arise 155 We Have Partaken of Thy Love
27 Praise to the Man 169 As Now We Take the Sacrament*
41 Let Zion in Her Beauty Rise (Ellacombe) 170 God, Our Father, Hear Us Pray
50 Come, Thou Glorious Day of Promise* 176 Tis Sweet to Sing the Matchless Love
61 Raise Your Voices to the Lord* 183 In Remembrance of Thy Suffering
63 Great King of Heaven 200 Christ the Lord is Risen Today (Easter Hymn)
68 A Mighty Fortress (Ein feste Burg) 222 Hear Thou Our Hymn, O Lord
70 Sing Praise to Him (Mit Freuden zart) 231 Father, Cheer Our Souls Tonight
82 For All the Saints (as written) (Sine nomine) 240 Know This, that Every Soul is Free
87 God is Love* 243 Let Us All Press On
110 Cast Thy Burden upon the Lord (Birmingham) 268 Come, All Whose Souls Are Lighted*
123 Oh, May My Soul Commune with Thee* 287 Rise, Ye Saints, and Temples Enter
138 Bless our Fast, We Pray 291 Turn Your Hearts
The following items are divided between the three played assignments:
A. SINGLE VERSE. For each played assignment, choose and prepare one verse each of four of the hymns listed above with
the soprano, alto, and tenor voices on the Great manual and the bass voice in the pedals. In addition, prepare one hymn
(which may be selected from the twelve) to be played on a manual only (no pedal). In all hymn playing, your choice of
registration should reflect the spirit of the text.
B. COMPLETE HYMN. For each played assignment, choose one hymn from this level to prepare and play completely
(creative introduction and all verses, using a rearrangement of voices and/or a change of registration between verses at
least once throughout the hymn). Prepare the score completely, and prepare and execute a registrational plan that reflects
the messages in the various verses of text.
For each complete hymn, play an effective CREATIVE INTRODUCTION. Make use of one or more creative
techniques (pedal point, passing tones, reharmonization, etc.), while at the same time accomplishing the main
purposes for the introduction (set the key, meter, tempo, and mood; clarify the hymn melody; encourage members of
the congregation to sing). Use short or long introductions, depending on the traditions and expectations of your
congregation. Create at least one of these introductions yourself; for the rest you may use those composed by others
as long as they are effective.
C. CREATIVE TECHNIQUES. Include each of the following techniques in some hymn (either those in A or B above) at
some point in the course. Use them more than once or in more than one hymn if you wish, but do not overuse creative
techniques in any one hymn:
1. Choose a section of a hymn (at least two phrases) where the ALTO line has melodic interest, and play the alto voice
an octave higher. In this way the alto will be played an octave higher than written by the upper part of the right hand
(fingers 3, 4, and 5), and the soprano will be played as written but with the lower part of the right hand (fingers 1, 2,
and 3).
2. Choose a section of a hymn (at least two phrases) where the TENOR line has melodic interest. Solo out the tenor
voice with the left hand (play tenor on a manual with a more prominent [solo] sound, and play soprano and alto on a
different manual with a less prominent [accompanimental] sound). Choose one of the following ways of applying
this "tenor solo" technique:
a. Play the tenor solo in the normal written range.
b. Play the tenor up an octave. (Move the hand; don't just use higher-pitched stops.)
3. Choose a section of a hymn (at least two phrases each) from those marked with an asterisk (*) to play with the
SOPRANO AND TENOR SWITCHED. Use one of the following methods:
a. Play the hands on the same manual or two different manuals. With the left hand, play the tenor voice up an
octave (as described in the preceding paragraph). With the right hand on another manual, play the soprano voice
an octave lower and the alto voice in the normal written range. In this way the soprano will be played by the
lower part of the right hand (an octave lower than written), and the alto will be played by the upper part of the
right hand (in the normal written range). For the registration of the left-hand (tenor) voice, you may choose
either a more prominent (solo) sound, or a sound similar or identical to that of the right hand.
13
The role of the right hand may be easier understood by thinking of the "alto played up an octave" technique, as
described a few paragraphs above, but with the whole right hand played down an octave. This seemingly
complicated technique then becomes simply a combination of the "tenor solo" technique (up an octave) for the
left hand, and the "alto up an octave" technique (with the hand played down an octave) for the right.
b. Play the hands either on the same manual or on different manuals. With the left hand, play the soprano voice
down an octave. With the right hand, play the tenor voice up an octave and the alto voice in the normal written
range. If you choose to play on different manuals, use stops that would give the soprano voice (played by the
left hand in the tenor range) a more prominent sound.
4. For an entire verse, solo out the SOPRANO voice with the right hand (play soprano on a manual with a more
prominent [solo] sound, and play alto and tenor on a different manual with a less prominent [accompanimental]
sound). Choose one of the following ways of applying this "soprano solo" technique:
a. Play the soprano solo in the normal written range.
b. Play the soprano down an octave. (Move the hand; don't just use lower-pitched stops.)
5. Where musically effective in the alto, tenor, and/or bass voice(s), add PASSING TONES to fill in melodic skips of a
third, and insert NEIGHBOR TONES between repeated notes. Also, use PEDAL POINT effectively in the pedals.
6. Choose two of the more meditative hymns in which to add two or three SUSPENSIONS. (If your congregation sings
in parts, do not use this technique as part of your complete hymn. It would be more appropriate for prelude-style
harmonic embellishment.)
7. Find an appropriate FREE ACCOMPANIMENT (hymn harmonization, reharmonization) for each of two hymns,
and play it on the last verse. You may play an interlude prior to the free accompaniment if you wish.
V. MUSIC THEORY
All information may be found in:
Steinke, Greg A. and Paul Harder. Harmonic Materials in Tonal Music. Part II. 10th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ:
Prentice Hall, 2010, chapters 1-6.
Other editions may be used and are even encouraged, but specific chapter numbers and the frame numbers referenced in
the instructor feedback of the Speedback Assignments may not be accurate.
Know the following:
1. Seventh chords (dissonance, diatonic seventh chords [major-minor, half-diminished, inverted, etc.], dominant
seventh chord
2. Nondominant seventh chords (passive resolution, cadence effect, sequence patterns, regular and irregular
resolutions)
3. Altered nonharmonic tones and secondary dominants (foreign tones, tonal color, alteration of scale degrees,
chromatic passing tones, false [cross] relation, double neighboring tones, chromatic mediants, tonicization, dominant
function, dominant relation, leading tone relation, sequence of chords)
4. Modulation to closely related keys (transcient modulation, tonal reference, change of mode, phrase modulation,
modulating sequence, pivot chord modulation, diatonic modulation, chromatic modulation)
5. Borrowed chords (modal mixture, modal exchange, Picardy third, deceptive cadence, ambiguity of modality)
6. Augmented sixth chords [Italian, German, French, English] (chromatic alteration, altered chords [subdominant,
subdominant seventh, supertonic seventh], motive/motif)
The Greg Steinke/Paul Harder book is a programmed learning text in music theory, designed for self-study. Chapters 1-6
should be completed during Level 5. Concepts covered in these chapters will be included in the written exams for Units 2-3.
Lesson 12 Historical Styles in Organ Building and Registration: Seventeenth- and Eighteenth-Century Italy (Organ
Technique: Modern and Early)
The Organ Registration portion of this course is in two parts. Lessons 1-7 cover basic competencies that are essential for all
organists. These are taught in Levels 1-2 and reviewed in every level thereafter. Lessons 9 and 12 are new topics that
continue a course of instruction on important style periods in organ construction, composition, and registration.
VIII. SIGHT-READING
As part of Played Assignments 1 and 3 you will be presented with an example to sight-read that is comparable to those
described below (moderately easy pedal, three parts between the two hands). You will have one minute to look through the
music before playing.
Practice sight-reading four-part hymns of comparable difficulty to the suggested list of simpler hymns marked with an
asterisk (*).
Also, practice sight-reading organ pieces of comparable difficulty to the following pieces composed or edited by Robert
Cundick (free download at http://organ.byu.edu/cundickBookComplete.pdf):
"Andante Espressivo," p. 4, by J. J. Froberger
"Interlude," p. 7, by B. Marcello
"Sarabande," p. 8, by J. J. Froberger
"Andantino in G Minor," p. 12, by A. F. Hesse
Meditation, p. 44 (only), by R. Cundick
Variations on a Ground Bass, p. 48, 50, 51, 55 (only), by T. Vitali
IX. TRANSPOSITION
Practice transposing the simpler hymns (see suggested list) into all keys up to and including a major second up and down.
The use of the pedal is recommended but not required. Do both of the following for Played Assignments 1 and 3:
A. Prepared transposition. Transpose one hymn (your choice) as described above. Use a different hymn for each played
assignment. No play-through in the original key or written transposition will be permitted.
B. Transposition at sight. Transpose at sight the soprano and alto lines (together) of a simple hymn or folk tune. The music
will be provided, and one minute of preparation time away from the keyboard will be permitted.
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LEVEL 6
Level 6 Advanced (those with substantial training and fluency in the basic organ fundamentals listed in Level 2, and in
early advanced organ pieces in both legato and articulate styles. Should be able to play more difficult four-part vocal scores
and choir accompaniments, to sight-read more difficult four-part organ music and hymns, and to transpose moderately
difficult hymns into all keys up to and including a major second up and down. Music theory prerequisites: an understanding
of the music theory topics listed under Levels 1-5.)
I. PIANO TECHNIQUE
Practice the following technical studies hands together at the piano. For each played assignment, choose two of the six items
(a different pair of items each time) to play for the evaluator:
1. Scales: four notes to the beat (M. 120), parallel and contrary motion, two octaves up and down in all major and at
least one form of minor keys
2. Chromatic scale: four notes to the beat (M. 120), two octaves up and down
3. Arpeggios (four notes to the beat, four octaves up and down):
a. Root position (M. 96), all major and minor keys
b. viio7 chord (M. 76), starting on C, C#, and D
c. V7 chord (M. 76), starting on all 12 keys
4. Block chords: four notes in each hand, inverted through a
compass of two octaves up and down, each chord being played as
a quarter note (M. 96)
5. Broken chords: all major and minor keys, two octaves up and
down (M. 96)
6. Selected studies from any of the following:
a. The Virtuoso Pianist by Hanon
b. 160 eight-measure exercises by Czerny
c. School of Velocity, op. 299, by Czerny
d. Comparable from Bertini, Cramer, Loeschhorn,
Dohnanyi, etc.
(Choose two more pieces from the remainder of the 1750-1900 list:)
Rheinberger, Josef.
Intermezzo, from Sonata 4
Intermezzo, from Sonata 3
Cantilene, from Sonata 11
Saint-Sans, Camille.
Prlude, op. 99, no. 3
Prlude, op. 109, no. 1
Schumann, Robert.
Studies for Pedal Piano, op. 56, no. 1
Sketches for Pedal Piano, op. 58, No. 1 or no. 4
Fugue on BACH, op. 60, no. III
Samuel Wesley.
Air and Gavotte (from Tallis to Wesley, No. 7, Samuel Wesley: Twelve Short Pieces, no. 8 & 9. [These two
count as one piece.])
C. Since 1900 (choose four pieces:)
Bush, Douglas. Hymn Settings for Organ (visit http://www.daymurraymusic.com/cgi-
bin/e.magine/productsearch.cgi and search for bush), any piece of upper-medium difficulty.
Chamberlin, David. LDS Hymn Voluntaries. (http://chamberlinmusic.com/oom.php), any piece of upper-medium
difficulty.
Gigout, Eugne. Toccata.
Karg-Elert, Sigfrid. "Abide, O Dearest Jesus," op. 65, no. 1.
Manookin, Robert. "How Gentle God's Commands."
Manz, Paul. "Open Now Thy Gates of Beauty (Neander)." In Ten Chorale Improvisations, Set 1.
"God of Grace." In Ten Chorale Improvisations, Set 5.
Parry, C. Hubert H. Chorale Prelude on "Melcombe."
Peeters, Flor. "Wake, Awake, for Night is Flying" ("Wachet Auf"), op. 68, no. 5.
Reger, Max. Melodia, op. 59, no. 11 (bk 2).
Vaughan Williams, Ralph. Prelude on "Rhosymedre."
Vierne, Louis. Communion.
Wesley, Samuel Sebastian. Choral Song.
Any hymn setting of upper-medium difficulty from this period may be acceptable.
Cook, Don. OrganTutor Organ 101 (or The OrganTutor Workbook). Provo, UT: Brigham Young University, 1998/2008.
Lovelace, Austin C. The Organist and Hymn Playing. Rev. ed. Carol Stream, IL: Agape, 1981.
Woolard, Margot Ann G. A Mini-Course in Hymn Playing. New York: American Guild of Organists, 1984.
The hymns listed below from the following hymnbook are well suited to this level:
Hymns of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Salt Lake City, UT: Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day
Saints, 1985. (Most of the hymn tunes may be download free from https://www.lds.org/music/index/hymns/number)
Other hymns of comparable difficulty may be substituted, including those from the Examination Hymn Booklet of the
American Guild of Organists (request one from exams@agohq.org). Before beginning practice on substitute hymns, obtain
approval from your BYU course instructor. Do not choose hymns for this level that you played in previous levels, or those on
the suggested list of simpler hymns. Also, do not play the same hymn in more than one played assignment. The tune names
of hymns that might be found in other hymnals are given in parentheses below.
28 Saints, Behold How Great Jehovah 197 O Saviour, Thou Who Wearest a Crown (Passion
31 O God, Our Help in Ages Past (St. Anne) Chorale)
35 For the Strength of the Hills 203 Angels We Have Heard on High (Gloria)
62 All Creatures of Our God and King (Lasst uns 205 Once in Royal David's City (Irby)
erfreuen) 209 Hark! the Herald Angels Sing (Mendelssohn)
69 All Glory, Laud, and Honor (St. Theodulph) 215 Ring Out, Wild Bells
72 Praise to the Lord, the Almighty (Lobe den Herren) 218 We Give Thee but Thine Own (Schumann)
81 Press Forward, Saints 246 Onward, Christian Soldiers (St. Gertrude)
150 O Thou Kind and Gracious Father
166 Abide with Me! (Eventide)
The following items are divided between the three played assignments:
A. SINGLE VERSE. For each of the played assignments, choose and prepare one verse each of three of the hymns listed
above with the soprano, alto, and tenor voices on the Great manual and the bass voice in the pedals. In addition, prepare
one hymn (which may be selected from those you will play in this level) to be played on a manual only (no pedal). In all
hymn playing, your choice of registration should reflect the spirit of the text.
B. COMPLETE HYMN. For each of the played assignments, choose one hymn from this level to prepare and play
completely (a creative introduction and all verses, using a rearrangement of voices and/or a change of registration
between verses at least once throughout the hymn). Prepare the score completely, and prepare and execute a
registrational plan that reflects the messages in the various verses of text.
For each complete hymn, play an effective CREATIVE INTRODUCTION. Make use of one or more creative
techniques (pedal point, passing tones, reharmonization, etc.), while at the same time accomplishing the main
purposes for the introduction (set the key, meter, tempo, and mood; clarify the hymn melody; encourage members of
the congregation to sing). Use short or long introductions, depending on the traditions and expectations of your
congregation. Create at least one introduction yourself; for the rest you may use those composed by others as long as
they are effective.
C. CREATIVE TECHNIQUES. Include each of the following techniques in some hymn (either those in A or B above) at
some point in the course. Use them more than once or in more than one hymn if you wish, but do not overuse creative
techniques in any one hymn:
1. Choose a section of a hymn (at least two phrases) where the ALTO line has melodic interest, and play the alto voice
an octave higher. In this way the alto will be played an octave higher than written by the upper part of the right hand
(fingers 3, 4, and 5), and the soprano will be played as written but with the lower part of the right hand (fingers 1, 2,
and 3).
2. Choose a section of a hymn (at least two phrases) where the TENOR line has melodic interest. Solo out the tenor
voice with the left hand (play tenor on a manual with a more prominent [solo] sound, and play soprano and alto on a
different manual with a less prominent [accompanimental] sound). Choose one of the following ways of applying
this "tenor solo" technique:
a. Play the tenor solo in the normal written range.
b. Play the tenor up an octave. (Move the hand; don't just use higher-pitched stops.)
3. Choose a section of a hymn (at least two phrases) to play with the SOPRANO AND TENOR SWITCHED. Use one
of the following methods:
a. Play the hands on the same manual or two different manuals. With the left hand, play the tenor voice up an
octave (as described in the preceding paragraph). With the right hand on another manual, play the soprano voice
an octave lower and the alto voice in the normal written range. In this way the soprano will be played by the
lower part of the right hand (an octave lower than written), and the alto will be played by the upper part of the
right hand (in the normal written range). If you play on two manuals, for the registration of the left-hand (tenor)
19
voice, you may choose either a more prominent (solo) sound, or a sound similar to that of the right hand.
The role of the right hand may be easier understood by thinking of the "alto played up an octave" technique, as
described a few paragraphs above, but with the whole right hand played down an octave. This seemingly
complicated technique then becomes simply a combination of the "tenor solo" technique (up an octave) for the
left hand, and the "alto up an octave" technique (with the hand played down an octave) for the right.
b. Play the hands either on the same manual or on different manuals. With the left hand, play the soprano voice
down an octave. With the right hand, play the tenor voice up an octave and the alto voice in the normal written
range. If you choose to play on different manuals, use stops that would give the soprano voice (played by the
left hand in the tenor range) a more prominent sound.
4. For an entire verse, solo out the SOPRANO voice with the right hand (play soprano on a manual with a more
prominent [solo] sound, and play alto and tenor on a different manual with a less prominent [accompanimental]
sound). Choose one of the following ways of applying this "soprano solo" technique:
a. Play the soprano solo in the normal written range.
b. Play the soprano down an octave. (Move the hand; don't just use lower-pitched stops.)
5. Where musically effective in the alto, tenor, and/or bass voice(s), add PASSING TONES to fill in melodic skips of a
third, and insert NEIGHBOR TONES between repeated notes. Also, use PEDAL POINT effectively in the pedals.
6. Choose two of the more meditative hymns in which to add two or three SUSPENSIONS. (If your congregation sings
in parts, do not use this technique as part of your complete hymn. It would be more appropriate for prelude-style
harmonic embellishment.)
7. Choose two hymns in which to treat the soprano voice as a PEDAL SOLO, registered with one or more prominent 4'
stop(s). Play the alto, tenor, and bass voices on a manual with a softer accompanimental registration. Rather than
using this technique as part of your complete hymn, it is more practical when used as a prelude-style rearrangement
of voices.
8. Write an appropriate FREE ACCOMPANIMENT (hymn harmonization, reharmonization) for each of two hymns,
and play it on the last verse. You may play an interlude prior to the free accompaniment if you wish.
V. ORGAN REGISTRATION
Information may be found in Timeline of the Organ: 2600 Years of History (required), in The OrganTutor Workbook
(required), in the OrganTutor Computer Tutorial (optional), in Organ Technique: Modern and Early (required), and in the
books on registration listed in the bibliography (optional). Know the following:
Lesson 1 History & Development of the Organ (Timeline of the Organ)
Lesson 2 Types of Organ Registration and Musical Texture (OrganTutor)
Lesson 3 Chorus Registration (OrganTutor)
Lesson 4 Hymn Registration (OrganTutor)
Lesson 5 Solo and Accompaniment Registration (OrganTutor)
Lesson 6 Trio Registration (OrganTutor)
Lesson 7 The Process of Registrational Decision Making and Registration Mechanics (OrganTutor)
Lesson 9 Historical Styles in Organ Building and Registration: 20th Century (Organ Technique: Modern and Early)
20
Lesson 12 Historical Styles in Organ Building and Registration: Seventeenth- and Eighteenth-Century England (Organ
Technique: Modern and Early)
The Organ Registration portion of this course is in two parts. Lessons 1-7 cover basic competencies that are essential for all
organists. These are taught in Levels 1-2 and reviewed in every level thereafter. Lessons 9 and 12 are new topics that
continue a course of instruction on important style periods in organ construction, composition, and registration.
VII. SIGHT-READING
As part of Played Assignments 1 and 3 you will be presented with an example to sight-read that is comparable to those
described below (moderate pedal, three to four parts between the two hands). You will have one minute to look through the
music before playing.
In addition to those on the suggested list of simpler hymns not marked with an asterisk (*), practice sight-reading hymns of
more moderate difficulty.
Also, practice sight-reading organ pieces of comparable difficulty to the following pieces:
Pieces composed or edited by Robert Cundick (free download at http://organ.byu.edu/cundickBookComplete.pdf):
Guilmant, "Andante in F," p. 30
Frescobaldi, "Preambule," p. 39
Pachelbel, "Allein zu dir, Herr Jesu Christ," p. 40
Vitali, "Variations on a Ground Bass," (complete), p. 48
Stanley, "Cornet Voluntary in D minor," p. 56
Cundick, "Prelude on Coventry Carol," p. 62
Manookin, Robert, Hymn Preludes, vols. 3, 6
Prepare to sight-read a hymn and/or piece provided by the evaluator during Played Assignments 1 and 3 with no more than
one minute to scan the example.
For additional sight-reading resources, see Service Playing Sight Reading Examples, which includes eight sight-reading
examples from past years Service Playing Tests.
VIII. TRANSPOSITION
Practice transposing the simpler hymns (see suggested list) into all keys up to and including a major second up and down.
The use of the pedal is recommended but not required. Do both of the following for Played Assignments 1 and 3:
A. Prepared transposition. Transpose one hymn (your choice) as described above. Use a different hymn for each played
assignment. No play-through in the original key or written transposition will be permitted.
B. Transposition at sight. Transpose at sight a simple four-part hymn or folk tune. The music will be provided, and one
minute of preparation time away from the keyboard will be permitted.
22
BIBLIOGRAPHY
In addition to the method books cited above, the following resources might be helpful:
The BYU Organ Study website www.organ.byu.edu
Engel, James. An Introduction to Organ Registration. St. Louis, MO: Concordia, 1986.
Geer, E. Harold. Organ Registration in Theory and Practice. Glen Rock, NJ: J. Fischer, 1957. (Out of print)
Goode, Jack C. Pipe Organ Registration. Nashville, TN: Abingdon Press, 1964. (Out of print)
Mitchell-Wallace, Sue. The Art and Craft of Playing Hymns. New York: American Guild of Organists, n.d. (videotape)
Ritchie, George and George Stauffer. Organ Technique: Modern and Early. London: Oxford, 2000.
Sumner, William Leslie. The Organ. 4th ed. London: MacDonald, 1973.
Williams, Peter. A New History of the Organ. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1980. (Out of print)
Woolard, Margot Ann G. A Mini-Course in Basic Organ Registration. New York: American Guild of Organists, 1990.
The American Organist. (The monthly magazine of the American Guild of Organists, 475 Riverside Dr., Suite 1260,
New York, NY 10115) www.agohq.org
Diapason. (Write to Diapason, 380 Northwest Highway, Des Plaines, IL 60016.)
The six BYU Independent Study organ courses are designed to lead into the more demanding certificates (exams) of the
American Guild of Organists (AGO). For information on the Service Playing or Colleague certificates of the American Guild
of Organists, visit https://www.agohq.org/certification/.
GENERAL
100 Strategies for Successful AGO Certification (CD)
Bibliography for Exam Preparation (free download: http://www.agohq.org/docs/pdf/certificationbib.pdf)
Preparing for AGO Exams. New York: American Guild of Organists, 1997. (Articles reprinted from The American
Organist)
Professional Certification Requirements. See the most recent July issue of The American Organist, which includes
the times, fees, repertoire, and precise format for each exam. Also, for the most current Chart of Requirements
or Detailed Requirements, visit https://www.agohq.org/certification/certification-chart/
A Selected Bibliography for AGO Certification Preparation. (free download: http://www.agohq.org/wp-
content/uploads/2013/09/certificationbib.pdf)
Transposition and Modulation Workshop. (CD)
SERVICE PLAYING
Groom, Lester H. Service Playing Test Study Guide
Service Playing Preparation Packet. (Contains many of the items listed above)
COLLEAGUE
Colleague Study Guidelines
Colleague Exams. (Complete exams from previous years)